diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 20560b8..2cf3ca5 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@
 /git-fast-export
 /git-fast-import
 /git-fetch
-/git-fetch--tool
 /git-fetch-pack
 /git-filter-branch
 /git-fmt-merge-msg
@@ -107,11 +106,12 @@
 /git-reflog
 /git-relink
 /git-remote
-/git-remote-curl
 /git-remote-http
 /git-remote-https
 /git-remote-ftp
 /git-remote-ftps
+/git-remote-fd
+/git-remote-ext
 /git-remote-testgit
 /git-repack
 /git-replace
@@ -168,6 +168,7 @@
 /test-index-version
 /test-line-buffer
 /test-match-trees
+/test-mktemp
 /test-obj-pool
 /test-parse-options
 /test-path-utils
@@ -175,6 +176,7 @@
 /test-sha1
 /test-sigchain
 /test-string-pool
+/test-subprocess
 /test-svn-fe
 /test-treap
 /common-cmds.h
diff --git a/Documentation/CodingGuidelines b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines
index 09ffc46..fe1c1e5 100644
--- a/Documentation/CodingGuidelines
+++ b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines
@@ -31,6 +31,10 @@
 
 For shell scripts specifically (not exhaustive):
 
+ - We use tabs for indentation.
+
+ - Case arms are indented at the same depth as case and esac lines.
+
  - We prefer $( ... ) for command substitution; unlike ``, it
    properly nests.  It should have been the way Bourne spelled
    it from day one, but unfortunately isn't.
@@ -139,3 +143,55 @@
 
  - When we pass <string, length> pair to functions, we should try to
    pass them in that order.
+
+Writing Documentation:
+
+ Every user-visible change should be reflected in the documentation.
+ The same general rule as for code applies -- imitate the existing
+ conventions.  A few commented examples follow to provide reference
+ when writing or modifying command usage strings and synopsis sections
+ in the manual pages:
+
+ Placeholders are spelled in lowercase and enclosed in angle brackets:
+   <file>
+   --sort=<key>
+   --abbrev[=<n>]
+
+ Possibility of multiple occurrences is indicated by three dots:
+   <file>...
+   (One or more of <file>.)
+
+ Optional parts are enclosed in square brackets:
+   [<extra>]
+   (Zero or one <extra>.)
+
+   --exec-path[=<path>]
+   (Option with an optional argument.  Note that the "=" is inside the
+   brackets.)
+
+   [<patch>...]
+   (Zero or more of <patch>.  Note that the dots are inside, not
+   outside the brackets.)
+
+ Multiple alternatives are indicated with vertical bar:
+   [-q | --quiet]
+   [--utf8 | --no-utf8]
+
+ Parentheses are used for grouping:
+   [(<rev>|<range>)...]
+   (Any number of either <rev> or <range>.  Parens are needed to make
+   it clear that "..." pertains to both <rev> and <range>.)
+
+   [(-p <parent>)...]
+   (Any number of option -p, each with one <parent> argument.)
+
+   git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>)
+   (One and only one of "-a", "-d" or "<branch>" _must_ (no square
+   brackets) be provided.)
+
+ And a somewhat more contrived example:
+   --diff-filter=[(A|C|D|M|R|T|U|X|B)...[*]]
+   Here "=" is outside the brackets, because "--diff-filter=" is a
+   valid usage.  "*" has its own pair of brackets, because it can
+   (optionally) be specified only when one or more of the letters is
+   also provided.
diff --git a/Documentation/Makefile b/Documentation/Makefile
index e117bc4..36989b7 100644
--- a/Documentation/Makefile
+++ b/Documentation/Makefile
@@ -63,35 +63,28 @@
 
 #
 # For asciidoc ...
-#	-7.1.2,	no extra settings are needed.
-#	8.0-,	set ASCIIDOC8.
+#	-7.1.2,	set ASCIIDOC7
+#	8.0-,	no extra settings are needed
 #
 
 #
 # For docbook-xsl ...
-#	-1.68.1,	set ASCIIDOC_NO_ROFF? (based on changelog from 1.73.0)
-#	1.69.0,		no extra settings are needed?
+#	-1.68.1,	no extra settings are needed?
+#	1.69.0,		set ASCIIDOC_ROFF?
 #	1.69.1-1.71.0,	set DOCBOOK_SUPPRESS_SP?
-#	1.71.1,		no extra settings are needed?
+#	1.71.1,		set ASCIIDOC_ROFF?
 #	1.72.0,		set DOCBOOK_XSL_172.
-#	1.73.0-,	set ASCIIDOC_NO_ROFF
+#	1.73.0-,	no extra settings are needed
 #
 
-#
-# If you had been using DOCBOOK_XSL_172 in an attempt to get rid
-# of 'the ".ft C" problem' in your generated manpages, and you
-# instead ended up with weird characters around callouts, try
-# using ASCIIDOC_NO_ROFF instead (it works fine with ASCIIDOC8).
-#
-
-ifdef ASCIIDOC8
+ifndef ASCIIDOC7
 ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a asciidoc7compatible -a no-inline-literal
 endif
 ifdef DOCBOOK_XSL_172
 ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a git-asciidoc-no-roff
 MANPAGE_XSL = manpage-1.72.xsl
 else
-	ifdef ASCIIDOC_NO_ROFF
+	ifndef ASCIIDOC_ROFF
 	# docbook-xsl after 1.72 needs the regular XSL, but will not
 	# pass-thru raw roff codes from asciidoc.conf, so turn them off.
 	ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a git-asciidoc-no-roff
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.4.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.4.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eb6307d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.4.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+Git v1.6.4.5 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.4.4
+--------------------
+
+ * Simplified base85 implementation.
+
+ * An overlong line after ".gitdir: " in a git file caused out of bounds
+   access to an array on the stack.
+
+ * "git count-objects" did not handle packs larger than 4G.
+
+ * "git rev-parse --parseopt --stop-at-non-option" did not stop at non option
+   when --keep-dashdash was in effect.
+
+ * "gitweb" can sometimes be tricked into parrotting a filename argument
+   given in a request without properly quoting.
+
+Other minor fixes and documentation updates are included.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.5.9.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.5.9.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb469dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.5.9.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+Git v1.6.5.9 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.5.8
+--------------------
+
+ * An overlong line after ".gitdir: " in a git file caused out of bounds
+   access to an array on the stack.
+
+ * "git blame -L $start,$end" segfaulted when too large $start was given.
+
+ * "git rev-parse --parseopt --stop-at-non-option" did not stop at non option
+   when --keep-dashdash was in effect.
+
+ * "gitweb" can sometimes be tricked into parrotting a filename argument
+   given in a request without properly quoting.
+
+Other minor fixes and documentation updates are included.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.6.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.6.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..11483ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.6.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+Git v1.6.6.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.6.2
+--------------------
+
+ * An overlong line after ".gitdir: " in a git file caused out of bounds
+   access to an array on the stack.
+
+ * "git bisect $path" did not correctly diagnose an error when given a
+   non-existent path.
+
+ * "git blame -L $start,$end" segfaulted when too large $start was given.
+
+ * "git imap-send" did not write draft box with CRLF line endings per RFC.
+
+ * "git rev-parse --parseopt --stop-at-non-option" did not stop at non option
+   when --keep-dashdash was in effect.
+
+ * "gitweb" can sometimes be tricked into parrotting a filename argument
+   given in a request without properly quoting.
+
+Other minor fixes and documentation updates are included.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.0.8.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.0.8.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f05b48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.0.8.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+Git v1.7.0.8 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+This is primarily to backport support for the new "add.ignoreErrors"
+name given to the existing "add.ignore-errors" configuration variable.
+
+The next version, Git 1.7.4, and future versions, will support both
+old and incorrect name and the new corrected name, but without this
+backport, users who want to use the new name "add.ignoreErrors" in
+their repositories cannot use older versions of Git.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.0.9.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.0.9.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bfb3166
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.0.9.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Git v1.7.0.9 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.0.8
+--------------------
+
+ * "gitweb" can sometimes be tricked into parrotting a filename argument
+   given in a request without properly quoting.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.1.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.1.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5b18518
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.1.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+Git v1.7.1.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+This is primarily to backport support for the new "add.ignoreErrors"
+name given to the existing "add.ignore-errors" configuration variable.
+
+The next version, Git 1.7.4, and future versions, will support both
+old and incorrect name and the new corrected name, but without this
+backport, users who want to use the new name "add.ignoreErrors" in
+their repositories cannot use older versions of Git.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.1.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.1.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7c734b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.1.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Git v1.7.1.4 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.1.3
+--------------------
+
+ * "gitweb" can sometimes be tricked into parrotting a filename argument
+   given in a request without properly quoting.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.2.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.2.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f7950a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.2.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+Git v1.7.2.4 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+This is primarily to backport support for the new "add.ignoreErrors"
+name given to the existing "add.ignore-errors" configuration variable.
+
+The next version, Git 1.7.4, and future versions, will support both
+old and incorrect name and the new corrected name, but without this
+backport, users who want to use the new name "add.ignoreErrors" in
+their repositories cannot use older versions of Git.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.2.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.2.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bf976c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.2.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Git v1.7.2.5 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.2.4
+--------------------
+
+ * "gitweb" can sometimes be tricked into parrotting a filename argument
+   given in a request without properly quoting.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.3.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.3.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b2b244
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.3.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+Git v1.7.3.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+In addition to the usual fixes, this release also includes support for
+the new "add.ignoreErrors" name given to the existing "add.ignore-errors"
+configuration variable.
+
+The next version, Git 1.7.4, and future versions, will support both
+old and incorrect name and the new corrected name, but without this
+backport, users who want to use the new name "add.ignoreErrors" in
+their repositories cannot use older versions of Git.
+
+Fixes since v1.7.3.2
+--------------------
+
+ * "git apply" segfaulted when a bogus input is fed to it.
+
+ * Running "git cherry-pick --ff" on a root commit segfaulted.
+
+ * "diff", "blame" and friends incorrectly applied textconv filters to
+   symlinks.
+
+ * Highlighting of whitespace breakage in "diff" output was showing
+   incorrect amount of whitespaces when blank-at-eol is set and the line
+   consisted only of whitespaces and a TAB.
+
+ * "diff" was overly inefficient when trying to find the line to use for
+   the function header (i.e. equivalent to --show-c-function of GNU diff).
+
+ * "git imap-send" depends on libcrypto but our build rule relied on the
+   linker to implicitly link it via libssl, which was wrong.
+
+ * "git merge-file" can be called from within a subdirectory now.
+
+ * "git repack -f" expanded and recompressed non-delta objects in the
+   existing pack, which was wasteful.  Use new "-F" option if you really
+   want to (e.g. when changing the pack.compression level).
+
+ * "git rev-list --format="...%x00..." incorrectly chopped its output
+   at NUL.
+
+ * "git send-email" did not correctly remove duplicate mail addresses from
+   the Cc: header that appear on the To: header.
+
+ * The completion script (in contrib/completion) ignored lightweight tags
+   in __git_ps1().
+
+ * "git-blame" mode (in contrib/emacs) didn't say (require 'format-spec)
+   even though it depends on it; it didn't work with Emacs 22 or older
+   unless Gnus is used.
+
+ * "git-p4" (in contrib/) did not correctly handle deleted files.
+
+Other minor fixes and documentation updates are also included.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.3.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.3.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e57f7c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.3.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+Git v1.7.3.4 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.3.3
+--------------------
+
+ * Smart HTTP transport used to incorrectly retry redirected POST
+   request with GET request.
+
+ * "git apply" did not correctly handle patches that only change modes
+   if told to apply while stripping leading paths with -p option.
+
+ * "git apply" can deal with patches with timezone formatted with a
+   colon between the hours and minutes part (e.g. "-08:00" instead of
+   "-0800").
+
+ * "git checkout" removed an untracked file "foo" from the working
+   tree when switching to a branch that contains a tracked path
+   "foo/bar".  Prevent this, just like the case where the conflicting
+   path were "foo" (c752e7f..7980872d).
+
+ * "git cherry-pick" or "git revert" refused to work when a path that
+   would be modified by the operation was stat-dirty without a real
+   difference in the contents of the file.
+
+ * "git diff --check" reported an incorrect line number for added
+   blank lines at the end of file.
+
+ * "git imap-send" failed to build under NO_OPENSSL.
+
+ * Setting log.decorate configuration variable to "0" or "1" to mean
+   "false" or "true" did not work.
+
+ * "git push" over dumb HTTP protocol did not work against WebDAV
+   servers that did not terminate a collection name with a slash.
+
+ * "git tag -v" did not work with GPG signatures in rfc1991 mode.
+
+ * The post-receive-email sample hook was accidentally broken in 1.7.3.3
+   update.
+
+ * "gitweb" can sometimes be tricked into parrotting a filename argument
+   given in a request without properly quoting.
+
+Other minor fixes and documentation updates are also included.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.3.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.3.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..40f3ba5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.3.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+Git 1.7.3.5 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+ * The xfuncname pattern used by "git diff" and "git grep" to show the
+   last notable line in context were broken for python and ruby for a long
+   time.
+
+ * "git merge" into an unborn branch removed an untracked file "foo" from
+   the working tree when merged branch had "foo" (this fix was already in
+   1.7.3.3 but was omitted from the release notes by mistake).
+
+ * "git status -s" did not quote unprintable characters in paths as
+   documented.
+
+ * "git am --abort" used to always reset to the commit at the beginning of
+   the last "am" invocation that has stopped, losing any unrelated commits
+   that may have been made since then.  Now it refrains from doing so and
+   instead issues a warning.
+
+ * "git blame" incorrectly reused bogusly cached result of textconv
+   filter for files from the working tree.
+
+ * "git commit" used to abort after the user edited the log message
+   when the committer information was not correctly set up.  It now
+   aborts before starting the editor.
+
+ * "git commit --date=invalid" used to silently ignore the incorrectly
+   specified date; it is now diagnosed as an error.
+
+ * "git rebase --skip" to skip the last commit in a series used to fail
+   to run post-rewrite hook and to copy notes from old commits that have
+   successfully been rebased so far.  Now it do (backmerge ef88ad2).
+
+ * "gitweb" tried to show a wrong feed logo when none was specified.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..79923a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+Git v1.7.4.1 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.4
+------------------
+
+ * On Windows platform, the codepath to spawn a new child process forgot
+   to first flush the output buffer.
+
+ * "git bundle" did not use OFS_DELTA encoding, making its output a few
+   per-cent larger than necessarily.
+
+ * The option to tell "git clone" to recurse into the submodules was
+   misspelled with an underscore "--recurse_submodules".
+
+ * "git diff --cached HEAD" before the first commit does what an end user
+   would expect (namely, show what would be committed without further "git
+   add").
+
+ * "git fast-import" didn't accept the command to ask for "notes" feature
+   to be present in its input stream, even though it was capable of the
+   feature.
+
+ * "git fsck" gave up scanning loose object files in directories with
+   garbage files.
+
+And other minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef4ce1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+Git v1.7.4.2 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.4.1
+--------------------
+
+ * Many documentation updates to match "git cmd -h" output and the
+   git-cmd manual page.
+
+ * We used to keep one file descriptor open for each and every packfile
+   that we have a mmap window on it (read: "in use"), even when for very
+   tiny packfiles.  We now close the file descriptor early when the entire
+   packfile fits inside one mmap window.
+
+ * "git bisect visualize" tried to run "gitk" in windowing
+   environments even when "gitk" is not installed, resulting in a
+   strange error message.
+
+ * "git clone /no/such/path" did not fail correctly.
+
+ * "git commit" did not correctly error out when the user asked to use a
+   non existent file as the commit message template.
+
+ * "git diff --stat -B" ran on binary files counted the changes in lines,
+   which was nonsensical.
+
+ * "git diff -M" opportunistically detected copies, which was not
+   necessarily a good thing, especially when it is internally run by
+   recursive merge.
+
+ * "git difftool" didn't tell (g)vimdiff that the files it is reading are
+   to be opened read-only.
+
+ * "git merge" didn't pay attention to prepare-commit-msg hook, even
+   though if a merge is conflicted and manually resolved, the subsequent
+   "git commit" would have triggered the hook, which was inconsistent.
+
+ * "git patch-id" (and commands like "format-patch --ignore-in-upstream"
+   that use it as their internal logic) handled changes to files that end
+   with incomplete lines incorrectly.
+
+ * The official value to tell "git push" to push the current branch back
+   to update the upstream branch it forked from is now called "upstream".
+   The old name "tracking" is and will be supported.
+
+ * "git submodule update" used to honor the --merge/--rebase option (or
+   corresponding configuration variables) even for a newly cloned
+   subproject, which made no sense (so/submodule-no-update-first-time).
+
+ * gitweb's "highlight" interface mishandled tabs.
+
+ * gitweb didn't understand timezones with GMT offset that is not
+   multiple of a whole hour.
+
+ * gitweb had a few forward-incompatible syntactic constructs and
+   also used incorrect variable when showing the file mode in a diff.
+
+And other minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..02a3d5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+Git v1.7.4.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.4.2
+--------------------
+
+ * "git apply" used to confuse lines updated by previous hunks as lines
+   that existed before when applying a hunk, contributing misapplication
+   of patches with offsets.
+
+ * "git branch --track" (and "git checkout --track --branch") used to
+   allow setting up a random non-branch that does not make sense to follow
+   as the "upstream".  The command correctly diagnoses it as an error.
+
+ * "git checkout $other_branch" silently removed untracked symbolic links
+   in the working tree that are in the way in order to check out paths
+   under it from the named branch.
+
+ * "git cvsimport" did not bail out immediately when the cvs server cannot
+   be reached, spewing unnecessary error messages that complain about the
+   server response that it never got.
+
+ * "git diff --quiet" did not work very well with the "--diff-filter"
+   option.
+
+ * "git grep -n" lacked a long-hand synonym --line-number.
+
+ * "git stash apply" reported the result of its operation by running
+   "git status" from the top-level of the working tree; it should (and
+   now does) run it from the user's working directory.
+
+And other minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ff06e04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+Git v1.7.4.4 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.4.3
+--------------------
+
+ * Compilation of sha1_file.c on BSD platforms were broken due to our
+   recent use of getrlimit() without including <sys/resource.h>.
+
+ * "git config" did not diagnose incorrect configuration variable names.
+
+ * "git format-patch" did not wrap a long subject line that resulted from
+   rfc2047 encoding.
+
+ * "git instaweb" should work better again with plackup.
+
+ * "git log --max-count=4 -Sfoobar" now shows 4 commits that changes the
+   number of occurrences of string "foobar"; it used to scan only for 4
+   commits and then emitted only matching ones.
+
+ * "git log --first-parent --boundary $c^..$c" segfaulted on a merge.
+
+ * "git pull" into an empty branch should have behaved as if
+   fast-forwarding from emptiness to the version being pulled, with
+   the usual protection against overwriting untracked files.
+
+ * "git submodule" that is run while a merge in the superproject is in
+   conflicted state tried to process each conflicted submodule up to
+   three times.
+
+ * "git status" spent all the effort to notice racily-clean index entries
+   but didn't update the index file to help later operations go faster in
+   some cases.
+
+And other minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b7a0eeb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Git v1.7.4.5 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+This contains only minor documentation fixes accumulated since 1.7.4.4.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.txt
index 05e8a43..d5bca73 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.txt
@@ -1,22 +1,77 @@
-Git v1.7.4 Release Notes (draft)
-================================
+Git v1.7.4 Release Notes
+========================
 
 Updates since v1.7.3
 --------------------
 
- * The option parsers of various commands that create new branch (or
+ * The documentation Makefile now assumes by default asciidoc 8 and
+   docbook-xsl >= 1.73. If you have older versions, you can set
+   ASCIIDOC7 and ASCIIDOC_ROFF, respectively.
+
+ * The option parsers of various commands that create new branches (or
    rename existing ones to a new name) were too loose and users were
-   allowed to call a branch with a name that begins with a dash by
-   creative abuse of their command line options, which only lead to
-   burn themselves.  The name of a branch cannot begin with a dash
-   now.
+   allowed to give a branch a name that begins with a dash by creative
+   abuse of their command line options, which only led to burning
+   themselves.  The name of a branch cannot begin with a dash now.
 
  * System-wide fallback default attributes can be stored in
-   /etc/gitattributes; core.attributesfile configuration variable can
+   /etc/gitattributes; the core.attributesfile configuration variable can
    be used to customize the path to this file.
 
- * "git diff" and "git grep" learned how functions and subroutines
-   in Fortran look like.
+ * The thread structure generated by "git send-email" has changed
+   slightly.  Setting the cover letter of the latest series as a reply
+   to the cover letter of the previous series with --in-reply-to used
+   to make the new cover letter and all the patches replies to the
+   cover letter of the previous series; this has been changed to make
+   the patches in the new series replies to the new cover letter.
+
+ * The Bash completion script in contrib/ has been adjusted to be usable with
+   Bash 4 (options with '=value' didn't complete).  It has been also made
+   usable with zsh.
+
+ * Different pagers can be chosen depending on which subcommand is
+   being run under the pager, using the "pager.<subcommand>" variable.
+
+ * The hardcoded tab-width of 8 that is used in whitespace breakage checks is now
+   configurable via the attributes mechanism.
+
+ * Support of case insensitive filesystems (i.e. "core.ignorecase") has
+   been improved.  For example, the gitignore mechanism didn't pay attention
+   to case insensitivity.
+
+ * The <tree>:<path> syntax for naming a blob in a tree, and the :<path>
+   syntax for naming a blob in the index (e.g. "master:Makefile",
+   ":hello.c") have been extended.  You can start <path> with "./" to
+   implicitly have the (sub)directory you are in prefixed to the
+   lookup.  Similarly, ":../Makefile" from a subdirectory would mean
+   "the Makefile of the parent directory in the index".
+
+ * "git blame" learned the --show-email option to display the e-mail
+   addresses instead of the names of authors.
+
+ * "git commit" learned the --fixup and --squash options to help later invocation
+   of interactive rebase.
+
+ * Command line options to "git cvsimport" whose names are in capital
+   letters (-A, -M, -R and -S) can now be specified as the default in
+   the .git/config file by their longer names (cvsimport.authorsFile,
+   cvsimport.mergeRegex, cvsimport.trackRevisions, cvsimport.ignorePaths).
+
+ * "git daemon" can be built in the MinGW environment.
+
+ * "git daemon" can take more than one --listen option to listen to
+   multiple addresses.
+
+ * "git describe --exact-match" was optimized not to read commit
+   objects unnecessarily.
+
+ * "git diff" and "git grep" learned what functions and subroutines
+   in Fortran, Pascal and Perl look like.
+
+ * "git fetch" learned the "--recurse-submodules" option.
+
+ * "git mergetool" tells vim/gvim to show a three-way diff by default
+   (use vimdiff2/gvimdiff2 as the tool name for old behavior).
 
  * "git log -G<pattern>" limits the output to commits whose change has
    added or deleted lines that match the given pattern.
@@ -25,30 +80,77 @@
    deprecated; we might want to remove it in the future.  Users can
    use the new --empty option to be more explicit instead.
 
+ * "git repack -f" does not spend cycles to recompress objects in the
+   non-delta representation anymore (use -F if you really mean it
+   e.g. after you changed the core.compression variable setting).
+
  * "git merge --log" used to limit the resulting merge log to 20
    entries; this is now customizable by giving e.g. "--log=47".
 
+ * "git merge" may work better when all files were moved out of a
+   directory in one branch while a new file is created in place of that
+   directory in the other branch.
+
+ * "git merge" learned the "--abort" option, synonymous to
+   "git reset --merge" when a merge is in progress.
+
+ * "git notes" learned the "merge" subcommand to merge notes refs.
+   In addition to the default manual conflict resolution, there are
+   also several notes merge strategies for automatically resolving
+   notes merge conflicts.
+
+ * "git rebase --autosquash" can use SHA-1 object names to name the
+   commit which is to be fixed up (e.g. "fixup! e83c5163").
+
+ * The default "recursive" merge strategy learned the --rename-threshold
+   option to influence the rename detection, similar to the -M option
+   of "git diff".  From the "git merge" frontend, the "-X<strategy option>"
+   interface, e.g. "git merge -Xrename-threshold=50% ...", can be used
+   to trigger this.
+
+ * The "recursive" strategy also learned to ignore various whitespace
+   changes; the most notable is -Xignore-space-at-eol.
+
+ * "git send-email" learned "--to-cmd", similar to "--cc-cmd", to read
+   the recipient list from a command output.
+
+ * "git send-email" learned to read and use "To:" from its input files.
+
  * you can extend "git shell", which is often used on boxes that allow
-   git-only login over ssh as login shell, with custom set of
+   git-only login over ssh as login shell, with a custom set of
    commands.
 
+ * The current branch name in "git status" output can be colored differently
+   from the generic header color by setting the "color.status.branch" variable.
+
+ * "git submodule sync" updates metainformation for all submodules,
+   not just the ones that have been checked out.
+
+ * gitweb can use a custom 'highlight' command with its configuration file.
+
+ * other gitweb updates.
+
+
 Also contains various documentation updates.
 
 
 Fixes since v1.7.3
 ------------------
 
-All of the fixes in v1.7.3.X maintenance series are included in this
+All of the fixes in the v1.7.3.X maintenance series are included in this
 release, unless otherwise noted.
 
  * "git log --author=me --author=her" did not find commits written by
    me or by her; instead it looked for commits written by me and by
    her, which is impossible.
 
+ * "git push --progress" shows progress indicators now.
 
----
-exec >/var/tmp/1
-O=v1.7.3
-O=v1.7.3.1-42-g34289ec
-echo O=$(git describe master)
-git shortlog --no-merges ^maint ^$O master
+ * "git rebase -i" showed a confusing error message when given a
+   branch name that does not exist.
+
+ * "git repack" places its temporary packs under $GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY/pack
+   instead of $GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY/ to avoid cross directory renames.
+
+ * "git submodule update --recursive --other-flags" passes flags down
+   to its subinvocations.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c6ebd76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+Git v1.7.5.1 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.5
+------------------
+
+ * When an object "$tree:$path" does not exist, if $path does exist in the
+   subtree of $tree that corresponds to the subdirectory the user is in,
+   git now suggests using "$tree:./$path" in addition to the advice to use
+   the full path from the root of the working tree.
+
+ * The "--date=relative" output format used to say "X years, 12 months"
+   when it should have said "X+1 years".
+
+ * The smart-HTTP transfer was broken in 1.7.5 when the client needs
+   to issue a small POST (which uses content-length) and then a large
+   POST (which uses chunked) back to back.
+
+ * "git clean" used to fail on an empty directory that is not readable,
+   even though rmdir(2) could remove such a directory.  Now we attempt it
+   as the last resort.
+
+ * The "--dirstat" option of "diff" family of commands used to totally
+   ignore a change that only rearranged lines within a file.  Such a
+   change now counts as at least a minimum but non zero change.
+
+ * The "--dirstat" option of "diff" family of commands used to use the
+   pathname in the original, instead of the pathname in the result,
+   when renames are involved.
+
+ * "git pack-object" did not take core.bigfilethreashold into account
+   (unlike fast-import); now it does.
+
+ * "git reflog" ignored options like "--format=.." on the command line.
+
+ * "git stash apply" used to refuse to work if there was any change in
+   the working tree, even when the change did not overlap with the change
+   the stash recorded.
+
+ * "git stash apply @{99999}" was not diagnosed as an error, even when you
+   did not have that many stash entries.
+
+ * An error message from "git send-email" to diagnose a broken SMTP
+   connection configuration lacked a space between "hello=<smtp-domain>"
+   and "port=<smtp-server-port>".
+
+And other minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..951eb7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+Git v1.7.5.2 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+The release notes to 1.7.5.1 forgot to mention:
+
+ * "git stash -p --no-keep-index" and "git stash --no-keep-index -p" now
+   mean the same thing.
+
+ * "git upload-pack" (hence "git push" over git native protocol) had a
+   subtle race condition that could lead to a deadlock.
+
+Fixes since v1.7.5.1
+--------------------
+
+ * "git add -p" did not work correctly when a hunk is split and then
+   one of them was given to the editor.
+
+ * "git add -u" did not resolve a conflict where our history deleted and
+   their history modified the same file, and the working tree resolved to
+   keep a file.
+
+ * "git cvsimport" did not know that CVSNT stores its password file in a
+   location different from the traditional CVS.
+
+ * "git diff-files" did not show the mode information from the working
+   tree side of an unmerged path correctly.
+
+ * "git diff -M --cached" used to use unmerged path as a possible rename
+   source candidate, which made no sense.
+
+ * The option name parser in "git fast-import" used prefix matches for
+   some options where it shouldn't, and accepted non-existent options,
+   e.g. "--relative-marksmith" or "--forceps".
+
+ * "git format-patch" did not quote RFC822 special characters in the
+   email address (e.g From: Junio C. Hamano <jch@example.com>, not
+   From: "Junio C. Hamano" <jch@example.com>).
+
+ * "git format-patch" when run with "--quiet" option used to produce a
+   nonsense result that consists of alternating empty output.
+
+ * In "git merge", per-branch branch.<name>.mergeoptions configuration
+   variables did not override the fallback default merge.<option>
+   configuration variables such as merge.ff, merge.log, etc.
+
+ * "git merge-one-file" did not honor GIT_WORK_TREE settings when
+   handling a "both sides added, differently" conflict.
+
+ * "git mergetool" did not handle conflicted submoudules gracefully.
+
+ * "git-p4" (in contrib) used a wrong base image while merge a file that
+   was added on both branches differently.
+
+ * "git rebase -i -p" failed to preserve the history when there is a
+   redundant merge created with the --no-ff option.
+
+And other minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9c03353
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+Git v1.7.5.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.5.2
+--------------------
+
+ * The bash completion scripts should correctly work using zsh's bash
+   completion emulation layer now.
+
+ * Setting $(prefix) in config.mak did not affect where etc/gitconfig
+   file is read from, even though passing it from the command line of
+   $(MAKE) did.
+
+ * The logic to handle "&" (expand to UNIX username) in GECOS field
+   miscounted the length of the name it formatted.
+
+ * "git cherry-pick -s resolve" failed to cherry-pick a root commit.
+
+ * "git diff --word-diff" misbehaved when diff.suppress-blank-empty was
+   in effect.
+
+ * "git log --stdin path" with an input that has additional pathspec
+   used to corrupt memory.
+
+ * "git send-pack" (hence "git push") over smalt-HTTP protocol could
+   deadlock when the client side pack-object died early.
+
+ * Compressed tarball gitweb generates used to be made with the timestamp
+   of the tarball generation; this was bad because snapshot from the same
+   tree should result in a same tarball.
+
+And other minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f3412ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+Git v1.7.5.4 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.5.3
+--------------------
+
+ * The single-key mode of "git add -p" was easily fooled into thinking
+   that it was told to add everthing ('a') when up-arrow was pressed by
+   mistake.
+
+ * "git diff -C -C" used to disable the rename detection entirely when
+   there are too many copy candidate paths in the tree; now it falls
+   back to "-C" when doing so would keep the copy candidate paths
+   under the rename detection limit.
+
+ * "git rerere" did not diagnose a corrupt MERGE_RR file in some cases.
+
+And other minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..987919c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+Git v1.7.5 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Updates since v1.7.4
+--------------------
+
+ * Various MinGW portability fixes.
+
+ * Various git-p4 enhancements (in contrib).
+
+ * Various vcs-svn, git-svn and gitk enhancements and fixes.
+
+ * Various git-gui updates (0.14.0).
+
+ * Update to more modern HP-UX port.
+
+ * The codebase is getting prepared for i18n/l10n; no translated
+   strings nor translation mechanism in the code yet, but the strings
+   are being marked for l10n.
+
+ * The bash completion script can now complete symmetric difference
+   for "git diff" command, e.g. "git diff ...bra<TAB>".
+
+ * The default minimum length of abbreviated and unique object names
+   can now be configured by setting the core.abbrev configuration
+   variable.
+
+ * "git apply -v" reports offset lines when the patch does not apply at
+   the exact location recorded in the diff output.
+
+ * "git config" used to be also known as "git repo-config", but the old
+   name is now officially deprecated.
+
+ * "git checkout --detach <commit>" is a more user friendly synonym for
+   "git checkout <commit>^0".
+
+ * "git checkout" performed on detached HEAD gives a warning and
+   advice when the commit being left behind will become unreachable from
+   any branch or tag.
+
+ * "git cherry-pick" and "git revert" can be told to use a custom merge
+   strategy, similar to "git rebase".
+
+ * "git cherry-pick" remembers which commit failed to apply when it is
+   stopped by conflicts, making it unnecessary to use "commit -c $commit"
+   to conclude it.
+
+ * "git cvsimport" bails out immediately when the cvs server cannot be
+   reached, without spewing unnecessary error messages that complain about
+   the server response it never got.
+
+ * "git fetch" vs "git upload-pack" transfer learned 'no-done'
+   protocol extension to save one round-trip after the content
+   negotiation is done. This saves one HTTP RPC, reducing the overall
+   latency for a trivial fetch.
+
+ * "git fetch" can be told to recursively fetch submodules on-demand.
+
+ * "git grep -f <filename>" learned to treat "-" as "read from the
+   standard input stream".
+
+ * "git grep --no-index" did not honor pathspecs correctly, returning
+   paths outside the specified area.
+
+ * "git init" learned the --separate-git-dir option to allow the git
+   directory for a new repository created elsewhere and linked via the
+   gitdir mechanism. This is primarily to help submodule support later
+   to switch between a branch of superproject that has the submodule
+   and another that does not.
+
+ * "git log" type commands now understand globbing pathspecs.  You
+   can say "git log -- '*.txt'" for example.
+
+ * "git log" family of commands learned --cherry and --cherry-mark
+   options that can be used to view two diverged branches while omitting
+   or highlighting equivalent changes that appear on both sides of a
+   symmetric difference (e.g. "log --cherry A...B").
+
+ * A lazy "git merge" that didn't say what to merge used to be an error.
+   When run on a branch that has an upstream defined, however, the command
+   now merges from the configured upstream.
+
+ * "git mergetool" learned how to drive "beyond compare 3" as well.
+
+ * "git rerere forget" without pathspec used to forget all the saved
+   conflicts that relate to the current merge; it now requires you to
+   give it pathspecs.
+
+ * "git rev-list --objects $revs -- $pathspec" now limits the objects listed
+   in its output properly with the pathspec, in preparation for narrow
+   clones.
+
+ * "git push" with no parameters gives better advice messages when
+   "tracking" is used as the push.default semantics or there is no remote
+   configured yet.
+
+ * A possible value to the "push.default" configuration variable,
+   'tracking', gained a synonym that more naturally describes what it
+   does, 'upstream'.
+
+ * "git rerere" learned a new subcommand "remaining" that is similar to
+   "status" and lists the paths that had conflicts which are known to
+   rerere, but excludes the paths that have already been marked as
+   resolved in the index from its output.  "git mergetool" has been
+   updated to use this facility.
+
+Also contains various documentation updates.
+
+
+Fixes since v1.7.4
+------------------
+
+All of the fixes in the v1.7.4.X maintenance series are included in this
+release, unless otherwise noted.
+
+ * "git fetch" from a client that is mostly following the remote
+   needlessly told all of its refs to the server for both sides to
+   compute the set of objects that need to be transferred efficiently,
+   instead of stopping when the server heard enough. In a project with
+   many tags, this turns out to be extremely wasteful, especially over
+   the smart HTTP transport (sp/maint-{upload,fetch}-pack-stop-early~1).
+
+ * "git fetch" run from a repository that uses the same repository as
+   its alternate object store as the repository it is fetching from
+   did not tell the server that it already has access to objects
+   reachable from the refs in their common alternate object store,
+   causing it to fetch unnecessary objects (jc/maint-fetch-alt).
+
+ * "git remote add --mirror" created a configuration that is suitable for
+   doing both a mirror fetch and a mirror push at the same time, which
+   made little sense.  We now warn and require the command line to specify
+   either --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push.
diff --git a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
index 72741eb..938eccf 100644
--- a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
+++ b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
@@ -10,10 +10,18 @@
 	  description (50 characters is the soft limit, see DISCUSSION
 	  in git-commit(1)), and should skip the full stop
 	- the body should provide a meaningful commit message, which:
-		- uses the imperative, present tense: "change",
-		  not "changed" or "changes".
-		- includes motivation for the change, and contrasts
-		  its implementation with previous behaviour
+	  . explains the problem the change tries to solve, iow, what
+	    is wrong with the current code without the change.
+	  . justifies the way the change solves the problem, iow, why
+	    the result with the change is better.
+	  . alternate solutions considered but discarded, if any.
+	- describe changes in imperative mood, e.g. "make xyzzy do frotz"
+	  instead of "[This patch] makes xyzzy do frotz" or "[I] changed
+	  xyzzy to do frotz", as if you are giving orders to the codebase
+	  to change its behaviour.
+	- try to make sure your explanation can be understood without
+	  external resources. Instead of giving a URL to a mailing list
+	  archive, summarize the relevant points of the discussion.
 	- add a "Signed-off-by: Your Name <you@example.com>" line to the
 	  commit message (or just use the option "-s" when committing)
 	  to confirm that you agree to the Developer's Certificate of Origin
@@ -90,7 +98,10 @@
 commit message and generate a series of patches from your
 repository.  It is a good discipline.
 
-Describe the technical detail of the change(s).
+Give an explanation for the change(s) that is detailed enough so
+that people can judge if it is good thing to do, without reading
+the actual patch text to determine how well the code does what
+the explanation promises to do.
 
 If your description starts to get too long, that's a sign that you
 probably need to split up your commit to finer grained pieces.
@@ -99,9 +110,8 @@
 the code, are the most beautiful patches.  Descriptions that summarise
 the point in the subject well, and describe the motivation for the
 change, the approach taken by the change, and if relevant how this
-differs substantially from the prior version, can be found on Usenet
-archives back into the late 80's.  Consider it like good Netiquette,
-but for code.
+differs substantially from the prior version, are all good things
+to have.
 
 Oh, another thing.  I am picky about whitespaces.  Make sure your
 changes do not trigger errors with the sample pre-commit hook shipped
@@ -266,7 +276,7 @@
 
 If you like, you can put extra tags at the end:
 
-1. "Reported-by:" is used to to credit someone who found the bug that
+1. "Reported-by:" is used to credit someone who found the bug that
    the patch attempts to fix.
 2. "Acked-by:" says that the person who is more familiar with the area
    the patch attempts to modify liked the patch.
@@ -334,50 +344,20 @@
 
 Some of patches I receive or pick up from the list share common
 patterns of breakage.  Please make sure your MUA is set up
-properly not to corrupt whitespaces.  Here are two common ones
-I have seen:
+properly not to corrupt whitespaces.
 
-* Empty context lines that do not have _any_ whitespace.
+See the DISCUSSION section of git-format-patch(1) for hints on
+checking your patch by mailing it to yourself and applying with
+git-am(1).
 
-* Non empty context lines that have one extra whitespace at the
-  beginning.
-
-One test you could do yourself if your MUA is set up correctly is:
-
-* Send the patch to yourself, exactly the way you would, except
-  To: and Cc: lines, which would not contain the list and
-  maintainer address.
-
-* Save that patch to a file in UNIX mailbox format.  Call it say
-  a.patch.
-
-* Try to apply to the tip of the "master" branch from the
-  git.git public repository:
-
-    $ git fetch http://kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git master:test-apply
-    $ git checkout test-apply
-    $ git reset --hard
-    $ git am a.patch
-
-If it does not apply correctly, there can be various reasons.
-
-* Your patch itself does not apply cleanly.  That is _bad_ but
-  does not have much to do with your MUA.  Please rebase the
-  patch appropriately.
-
-* Your MUA corrupted your patch; "am" would complain that
-  the patch does not apply.  Look at .git/rebase-apply/ subdirectory and
-  see what 'patch' file contains and check for the common
-  corruption patterns mentioned above.
-
-* While you are at it, check what are in 'info' and
-  'final-commit' files as well.  If what is in 'final-commit' is
-  not exactly what you would want to see in the commit log
-  message, it is very likely that your maintainer would end up
-  hand editing the log message when he applies your patch.
-  Things like "Hi, this is my first patch.\n", if you really
-  want to put in the patch e-mail, should come after the
-  three-dash line that signals the end of the commit message.
+While you are at it, check the resulting commit log message from
+a trial run of applying the patch.  If what is in the resulting
+commit is not exactly what you would want to see, it is very
+likely that your maintainer would end up hand editing the log
+message when he applies your patch.  Things like "Hi, this is my
+first patch.\n", if you really want to put in the patch e-mail,
+should come after the three-dash line that signals the end of the
+commit message.
 
 
 Pine
@@ -433,89 +413,10 @@
 it.
 
 
-Thunderbird
------------
+Thunderbird, KMail, GMail
+-------------------------
 
-(A Large Angry SCM)
-
-By default, Thunderbird will both wrap emails as well as flag them as
-being 'format=flowed', both of which will make the resulting email unusable
-by git.
-
-Here are some hints on how to successfully submit patches inline using
-Thunderbird.
-
-There are two different approaches.  One approach is to configure
-Thunderbird to not mangle patches.  The second approach is to use
-an external editor to keep Thunderbird from mangling the patches.
-
-Approach #1 (configuration):
-
-This recipe is current as of Thunderbird 2.0.0.19.  Three steps:
-  1.  Configure your mail server composition as plain text
-      Edit...Account Settings...Composition & Addressing,
-        uncheck 'Compose Messages in HTML'.
-  2.  Configure your general composition window to not wrap
-      Edit..Preferences..Composition, wrap plain text messages at 0
-  3.  Disable the use of format=flowed
-      Edit..Preferences..Advanced..Config Editor.  Search for:
-        mailnews.send_plaintext_flowed
-      toggle it to make sure it is set to 'false'.
-
-After that is done, you should be able to compose email as you
-otherwise would (cut + paste, git-format-patch | git-imap-send, etc),
-and the patches should not be mangled.
-
-Approach #2 (external editor):
-
-This recipe appears to work with the current [*1*] Thunderbird from Suse.
-
-The following Thunderbird extensions are needed:
-	AboutConfig 0.5
-		http://aboutconfig.mozdev.org/
-	External Editor 0.7.2
-		http://globs.org/articles.php?lng=en&pg=8
-
-1) Prepare the patch as a text file using your method of choice.
-
-2) Before opening a compose window, use Edit->Account Settings to
-uncheck the "Compose messages in HTML format" setting in the
-"Composition & Addressing" panel of the account to be used to send the
-patch. [*2*]
-
-3) In the main Thunderbird window, _before_ you open the compose window
-for the patch, use Tools->about:config to set the following to the
-indicated values:
-	mailnews.send_plaintext_flowed	=> false
-	mailnews.wraplength		=> 0
-
-4) Open a compose window and click the external editor icon.
-
-5) In the external editor window, read in the patch file and exit the
-editor normally.
-
-6) Back in the compose window: Add whatever other text you wish to the
-message, complete the addressing and subject fields, and press send.
-
-7) Optionally, undo the about:config/account settings changes made in
-steps 2 & 3.
-
-
-[Footnotes]
-*1* Version 1.0 (20041207) from the MozillaThunderbird-1.0-5 rpm of Suse
-9.3 professional updates.
-
-*2* It may be possible to do this with about:config and the following
-settings but I haven't tried, yet.
-	mail.html_compose			=> false
-	mail.identity.default.compose_html	=> false
-	mail.identity.id?.compose_html		=> false
-
-(Lukas Sandström)
-
-There is a script in contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline which can help
-you include patches with Thunderbird in an easy way. To use it, do the
-steps above and then use the script as the external editor.
+See the MUA-SPECIFIC HINTS section of git-format-patch(1).
 
 Gnus
 ----
@@ -530,72 +431,3 @@
 whitespaces (fatal in patches).  Running 'C-u g' to display the
 message in raw form before using '|' to run the pipe can work
 this problem around.
-
-
-KMail
------
-
-This should help you to submit patches inline using KMail.
-
-1) Prepare the patch as a text file.
-
-2) Click on New Mail.
-
-3) Go under "Options" in the Composer window and be sure that
-"Word wrap" is not set.
-
-4) Use Message -> Insert file... and insert the patch.
-
-5) Back in the compose window: add whatever other text you wish to the
-message, complete the addressing and subject fields, and press send.
-
-
-Gmail
------
-
-GMail does not appear to have any way to turn off line wrapping in the web
-interface, so this will mangle any emails that you send.  You can however
-use "git send-email" and send your patches through the GMail SMTP server, or
-use any IMAP email client to connect to the google IMAP server and forward
-the emails through that.
-
-To use "git send-email" and send your patches through the GMail SMTP server,
-edit ~/.gitconfig to specify your account settings:
-
-[sendemail]
-	smtpencryption = tls
-	smtpserver = smtp.gmail.com
-	smtpuser = user@gmail.com
-	smtppass = p4ssw0rd
-	smtpserverport = 587
-
-Once your commits are ready to be sent to the mailing list, run the
-following commands:
-
-  $ git format-patch --cover-letter -M origin/master -o outgoing/
-  $ edit outgoing/0000-*
-  $ git send-email outgoing/*
-
-To submit using the IMAP interface, first, edit your ~/.gitconfig to specify your
-account settings:
-
-[imap]
-	folder = "[Gmail]/Drafts"
-	host = imaps://imap.gmail.com
-	user = user@gmail.com
-	pass = p4ssw0rd
-	port = 993
-	sslverify = false
-
-You might need to instead use: folder = "[Google Mail]/Drafts" if you get an error
-that the "Folder doesn't exist".
-
-Once your commits are ready to be sent to the mailing list, run the
-following commands:
-
-  $ git format-patch --cover-letter -M --stdout origin/master | git imap-send
-
-Just make sure to disable line wrapping in the email client (GMail web
-interface will line wrap no matter what, so you need to use a real
-IMAP client).
-
diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt
index 538ebb5..d161362 100644
--- a/Documentation/config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config.txt
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
 
 The values following the equals sign in variable assign are all either
 a string, an integer, or a boolean.  Boolean values may be given as yes/no,
-0/1, true/false or on/off.  Case is not significant in boolean values, when
+1/0, true/false or on/off.  Case is not significant in boolean values, when
 converting value to the canonical form using '--bool' type specifier;
 'git config' will ensure that the output is "true" or "false".
 
@@ -317,24 +317,26 @@
 = true).
 
 core.worktree::
-	Set the path to the root of the work tree.
+	Set the path to the root of the working tree.
 	This can be overridden by the GIT_WORK_TREE environment
-	variable and the '--work-tree' command line option. It can be
-	an absolute path or a relative path to the .git directory,
-	either specified by --git-dir or GIT_DIR, or automatically
-	discovered.
-	If --git-dir or GIT_DIR are specified but none of
+	variable and the '--work-tree' command line option.
+	The value can be an absolute path or relative to the path to
+	the .git directory, which is either specified by --git-dir
+	or GIT_DIR, or automatically discovered.
+	If --git-dir or GIT_DIR is specified but none of
 	--work-tree, GIT_WORK_TREE and core.worktree is specified,
-	the current working directory is regarded as the root of the
-	work tree.
+	the current working directory is regarded as the top level
+	of your working tree.
 +
 Note that this variable is honored even when set in a configuration
-file in a ".git" subdirectory of a directory, and its value differs
+file in a ".git" subdirectory of a directory and its value differs
 from the latter directory (e.g. "/path/to/.git/config" has
 core.worktree set to "/different/path"), which is most likely a
-misconfiguration.  Running git commands in "/path/to" directory will
+misconfiguration.  Running git commands in the "/path/to" directory will
 still use "/different/path" as the root of the work tree and can cause
-great confusion to the users.
+confusion unless you know what you are doing (e.g. you are creating a
+read-only snapshot of the same index to a location different from the
+repository's usual working tree).
 
 core.logAllRefUpdates::
 	Enable the reflog. Updates to a ref <ref> is logged to the file
@@ -440,8 +442,6 @@
 be delta compressed, but larger binary media files won't be.
 +
 Common unit suffixes of 'k', 'm', or 'g' are supported.
-+
-Currently only linkgit:git-fast-import[1] honors this setting.
 
 core.excludesfile::
 	In addition to '.gitignore' (per-directory) and
@@ -513,6 +513,9 @@
   part of the line terminator, i.e. with it, `trailing-space`
   does not trigger if the character before such a carriage-return
   is not a whitespace (not enabled by default).
+* `tabwidth=<n>` tells how many character positions a tab occupies; this
+  is relevant for `indent-with-non-tab` and when git fixes `tab-in-indent`
+  errors. The default tab width is 8. Allowed values are 1 to 63.
 
 core.fsyncobjectfiles::
 	This boolean will enable 'fsync()' when writing object files.
@@ -553,10 +556,20 @@
 	Enable "sparse checkout" feature. See section "Sparse checkout" in
 	linkgit:git-read-tree[1] for more information.
 
+core.abbrev::
+	Set the length object names are abbreviated to.  If unspecified,
+	many commands abbreviate to 7 hexdigits, which may not be enough
+	for abbreviated object names to stay unique for sufficiently long
+	time.
+
 add.ignore-errors::
+add.ignoreErrors::
 	Tells 'git add' to continue adding files when some files cannot be
 	added due to indexing errors. Equivalent to the '--ignore-errors'
-	option of linkgit:git-add[1].
+	option of linkgit:git-add[1].  Older versions of git accept only
+	`add.ignore-errors`, which does not follow the usual naming
+	convention for configuration variables.  Newer versions of git
+	honor `add.ignoreErrors` as well.
 
 alias.*::
 	Command aliases for the linkgit:git[1] command wrapper - e.g.
@@ -601,8 +614,9 @@
 	this behavior can be chosen per-branch using the `--track`
 	and `--no-track` options. The valid settings are: `false` -- no
 	automatic setup is done; `true` -- automatic setup is done when the
-	starting point is a remote branch; `always` -- automatic setup is
-	done when the starting point is either a local branch or remote
+	starting point is a remote-tracking branch; `always` --
+	automatic setup is done when the starting point is either a
+	local branch or remote-tracking
 	branch. This option defaults to true.
 
 branch.autosetuprebase::
@@ -613,7 +627,7 @@
 	When `local`, rebase is set to true for tracked branches of
 	other local branches.
 	When `remote`, rebase is set to true for tracked branches of
-	remote branches.
+	remote-tracking branches.
 	When `always`, rebase will be set to true for all tracking
 	branches.
 	See "branch.autosetupmerge" for details on how to set up a
@@ -680,7 +694,7 @@
 color.branch.<slot>::
 	Use customized color for branch coloration. `<slot>` is one of
 	`current` (the current branch), `local` (a local branch),
-	`remote` (a tracking branch in refs/remotes/), `plain` (other
+	`remote` (a remote-tracking branch in refs/remotes/), `plain` (other
 	refs).
 +
 The value for these configuration variables is a list of colors (at most
@@ -692,9 +706,16 @@
 doesn't matter.
 
 color.diff::
-	When set to `always`, always use colors in patch.
-	When false (or `never`), never.  When set to `true` or `auto`, use
-	colors only when the output is to the terminal. Defaults to false.
+	Whether to use ANSI escape sequences to add color to patches.
+	If this is set to `always`, linkgit:git-diff[1],
+	linkgit:git-log[1], and linkgit:git-show[1] will use color
+	for all patches.  If it is set to `true` or `auto`, those
+	commands will only use color when output is to the terminal.
+	Defaults to false.
++
+This does not affect linkgit:git-format-patch[1] nor the
+'git-diff-{asterisk}' plumbing commands.  Can be overridden on the
+command line with the `--color[=<when>]` option.
 
 color.diff.<slot>::
 	Use customized color for diff colorization.  `<slot>` specifies
@@ -708,7 +729,7 @@
 color.decorate.<slot>::
 	Use customized color for 'git log --decorate' output.  `<slot>` is one
 	of `branch`, `remoteBranch`, `tag`, `stash` or `HEAD` for local
-	branches, remote tracking branches, tags, stash and HEAD, respectively.
+	branches, remote-tracking branches, tags, stash and HEAD, respectively.
 
 color.grep::
 	When set to `always`, always highlight matches.  When `false` (or
@@ -773,17 +794,22 @@
 	one of `header` (the header text of the status message),
 	`added` or `updated` (files which are added but not committed),
 	`changed` (files which are changed but not added in the index),
-	`untracked` (files which are not tracked by git), or
+	`untracked` (files which are not tracked by git),
+	`branch` (the current branch), or
 	`nobranch` (the color the 'no branch' warning is shown in, defaulting
 	to red). The values of these variables may be specified as in
 	color.branch.<slot>.
 
 color.ui::
-	When set to `always`, always use colors in all git commands which
-	are capable of colored output. When false (or `never`), never. When
-	set to `true` or `auto`, use colors only when the output is to the
-	terminal. When more specific variables of color.* are set, they always
-	take precedence over this setting. Defaults to false.
+	This variable determines the default value for variables such
+	as `color.diff` and `color.grep` that control the use of color
+	per command family. Its scope will expand as more commands learn
+	configuration to set a default for the `--color` option.  Set it
+	to `always` if you want all output not intended for machine
+	consumption to use color, to `true` or `auto` if you want such
+	output to use color when written to the terminal, or to `false` or
+	`never` if you prefer git commands not to use color unless enabled
+	explicitly with some other configuration or the `--color` option.
 
 commit.status::
 	A boolean to enable/disable inclusion of status information in the
@@ -795,68 +821,7 @@
 	"{tilde}/" is expanded to the value of `$HOME` and "{tilde}user/" to the
 	specified user's home directory.
 
-diff.autorefreshindex::
-	When using 'git diff' to compare with work tree
-	files, do not consider stat-only change as changed.
-	Instead, silently run `git update-index --refresh` to
-	update the cached stat information for paths whose
-	contents in the work tree match the contents in the
-	index.  This option defaults to true.  Note that this
-	affects only 'git diff' Porcelain, and not lower level
-	'diff' commands such as 'git diff-files'.
-
-diff.external::
-	If this config variable is set, diff generation is not
-	performed using the internal diff machinery, but using the
-	given command.  Can be overridden with the `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF'
-	environment variable.  The command is called with parameters
-	as described under "git Diffs" in linkgit:git[1].  Note: if
-	you want to use an external diff program only on a subset of
-	your files, you	might want to use linkgit:gitattributes[5] instead.
-
-diff.mnemonicprefix::
-	If set, 'git diff' uses a prefix pair that is different from the
-	standard "a/" and "b/" depending on what is being compared.  When
-	this configuration is in effect, reverse diff output also swaps
-	the order of the prefixes:
-`git diff`;;
-	compares the (i)ndex and the (w)ork tree;
-`git diff HEAD`;;
-	 compares a (c)ommit and the (w)ork tree;
-`git diff --cached`;;
-	compares a (c)ommit and the (i)ndex;
-`git diff HEAD:file1 file2`;;
-	compares an (o)bject and a (w)ork tree entity;
-`git diff --no-index a b`;;
-	compares two non-git things (1) and (2).
-
-diff.noprefix::
-	If set, 'git diff' does not show any source or destination prefix.
-
-diff.renameLimit::
-	The number of files to consider when performing the copy/rename
-	detection; equivalent to the 'git diff' option '-l'.
-
-diff.renames::
-	Tells git to detect renames.  If set to any boolean value, it
-	will enable basic rename detection.  If set to "copies" or
-	"copy", it will detect copies, as well.
-
-diff.ignoreSubmodules::
-	Sets the default value of --ignore-submodules. Note that this
-	affects only 'git diff' Porcelain, and not lower level 'diff'
-	commands such as 'git diff-files'. 'git checkout' also honors
-	this setting when reporting uncommitted changes.
-
-diff.suppressBlankEmpty::
-	A boolean to inhibit the standard behavior of printing a space
-	before each empty output line. Defaults to false.
-
-diff.tool::
-	Controls which diff tool is used.  `diff.tool` overrides
-	`merge.tool` when used by linkgit:git-difftool[1] and has
-	the same valid values as `merge.tool` minus "tortoisemerge"
-	and plus "kompare".
+include::diff-config.txt[]
 
 difftool.<tool>.path::
 	Override the path for the given tool.  This is useful in case
@@ -879,6 +844,15 @@
 	sequences that match the regular expression are "words", all other
 	characters are *ignorable* whitespace.
 
+fetch.recurseSubmodules::
+	This option can be either set to a boolean value or to 'on-demand'.
+	Setting it to a boolean changes the behavior of fetch and pull to
+	unconditionally recurse into submodules when set to true or to not
+	recurse at all when set to false. When set to 'on-demand' (the default
+	value), fetch and pull will only recurse into a populated submodule
+	when its superproject retrieves a commit that updates the submodule's
+	reference.
+
 fetch.unpackLimit::
 	If the number of objects fetched over the git native
 	transfer is below this
@@ -951,6 +925,16 @@
     the rights to submit this work under the same open source license.
     Please see the 'SubmittingPatches' document for further discussion.
 
+filter.<driver>.clean::
+	The command which is used to convert the content of a worktree
+	file to a blob upon checkin.  See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for
+	details.
+
+filter.<driver>.smudge::
+	The command which is used to convert the content of a blob
+	object to a worktree file upon checkout.  See
+	linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details.
+
 gc.aggressiveWindow::
 	The window size parameter used in the delta compression
 	algorithm used by 'git gc --aggressive'.  This defaults
@@ -973,7 +957,7 @@
 	Running `git pack-refs` in a repository renders it
 	unclonable by Git versions prior to 1.5.1.2 over dumb
 	transports such as HTTP.  This variable determines whether
-	'git gc' runs `git pack-refs`. This can be set to `nobare`
+	'git gc' runs `git pack-refs`. This can be set to `notbare`
 	to enable it within all non-bare repos or it can be set to a
 	boolean value.  The default is `true`.
 
@@ -1076,6 +1060,12 @@
 is one of "ext" and "pserver") to make them apply only for the given
 access method.
 
+grep.lineNumber::
+	If set to true, enable '-n' option by default.
+
+grep.extendedRegexp::
+	If set to true, enable '--extended-regexp' option by default.
+
 gui.commitmsgwidth::
 	Defines how wide the commit message window is in the
 	linkgit:git-gui[1]. "75" is the default.
@@ -1102,7 +1092,7 @@
 	linkgit:git-gui[1].
 
 gui.pruneduringfetch::
-	"true" if linkgit:git-gui[1] should prune tracking branches when
+	"true" if linkgit:git-gui[1] should prune remote-tracking branches when
 	performing a fetch. The default value is "false".
 
 gui.trustmtime::
@@ -1317,8 +1307,9 @@
 interactive.singlekey::
 	In interactive commands, allow the user to provide one-letter
 	input with a single key (i.e., without hitting enter).
-	Currently this is used only by the `\--patch` mode of
-	linkgit:git-add[1].  Note that this setting is silently
+	Currently this is used by the `\--patch` mode of
+	linkgit:git-add[1], linkgit:git-reset[1], linkgit:git-stash[1] and
+	linkgit:git-checkout[1]. Note that this setting is silently
 	ignored if portable keystroke input is not available.
 
 log.date::
@@ -1531,11 +1522,13 @@
 	supported.
 
 pager.<cmd>::
-	Allows turning on or off pagination of the output of a
-	particular git subcommand when writing to a tty.  If
-	`\--paginate` or `\--no-pager` is specified on the command line,
-	it takes precedence over this option.  To disable pagination for
-	all commands, set `core.pager` or `GIT_PAGER` to `cat`.
+	If the value is boolean, turns on or off pagination of the
+	output of a particular git subcommand when writing to a tty.
+	Otherwise, turns on pagination for the subcommand using the
+	pager specified by the value of `pager.<cmd>`.  If `\--paginate`
+	or `\--no-pager` is specified on the command line, it takes
+	precedence over this option.  To disable pagination for all
+	commands, set `core.pager` or `GIT_PAGER` to `cat`.
 
 pretty.<name>::
 	Alias for a --pretty= format string, as specified in
@@ -1564,7 +1557,8 @@
 * `matching` - push all matching branches.
   All branches having the same name in both ends are considered to be
   matching. This is the default.
-* `tracking` - push the current branch to its upstream branch.
+* `upstream` - push the current branch to its upstream branch.
+* `tracking` - deprecated synonym for `upstream`.
 * `current` - push the current branch to a branch of the same name.
 
 rebase.stat::
@@ -1791,6 +1785,13 @@
 	URL and other values found in the `.gitmodules` file.  See
 	linkgit:git-submodule[1] and linkgit:gitmodules[5] for details.
 
+submodule.<name>.fetchRecurseSubmodules::
+	This option can be used to control recursive fetching of this
+	submodule. It can be overridden by using the --[no-]recurse-submodules
+	command line option to "git fetch" and "git pull".
+	This setting will override that from in the linkgit:gitmodules[5]
+	file.
+
 submodule.<name>.ignore::
 	Defines under what circumstances "git status" and the diff family show
 	a submodule as modified. When set to "all", it will never be considered
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-config.txt b/Documentation/diff-config.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b1605f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/diff-config.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+diff.autorefreshindex::
+	When using 'git diff' to compare with work tree
+	files, do not consider stat-only change as changed.
+	Instead, silently run `git update-index --refresh` to
+	update the cached stat information for paths whose
+	contents in the work tree match the contents in the
+	index.  This option defaults to true.  Note that this
+	affects only 'git diff' Porcelain, and not lower level
+	'diff' commands such as 'git diff-files'.
+
+diff.external::
+	If this config variable is set, diff generation is not
+	performed using the internal diff machinery, but using the
+	given command.  Can be overridden with the `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF'
+	environment variable.  The command is called with parameters
+	as described under "git Diffs" in linkgit:git[1].  Note: if
+	you want to use an external diff program only on a subset of
+	your files, you	might want to use linkgit:gitattributes[5] instead.
+
+diff.ignoreSubmodules::
+	Sets the default value of --ignore-submodules. Note that this
+	affects only 'git diff' Porcelain, and not lower level 'diff'
+	commands such as 'git diff-files'. 'git checkout' also honors
+	this setting when reporting uncommitted changes.
+
+diff.mnemonicprefix::
+	If set, 'git diff' uses a prefix pair that is different from the
+	standard "a/" and "b/" depending on what is being compared.  When
+	this configuration is in effect, reverse diff output also swaps
+	the order of the prefixes:
+`git diff`;;
+	compares the (i)ndex and the (w)ork tree;
+`git diff HEAD`;;
+	 compares a (c)ommit and the (w)ork tree;
+`git diff --cached`;;
+	compares a (c)ommit and the (i)ndex;
+`git diff HEAD:file1 file2`;;
+	compares an (o)bject and a (w)ork tree entity;
+`git diff --no-index a b`;;
+	compares two non-git things (1) and (2).
+
+diff.noprefix::
+	If set, 'git diff' does not show any source or destination prefix.
+
+diff.renameLimit::
+	The number of files to consider when performing the copy/rename
+	detection; equivalent to the 'git diff' option '-l'.
+
+diff.renames::
+	Tells git to detect renames.  If set to any boolean value, it
+	will enable basic rename detection.  If set to "copies" or
+	"copy", it will detect copies, as well.
+
+diff.suppressBlankEmpty::
+	A boolean to inhibit the standard behavior of printing a space
+	before each empty output line. Defaults to false.
+
+diff.<driver>.command::
+	The custom diff driver command.  See linkgit:gitattributes[5]
+	for details.
+
+diff.<driver>.xfuncname::
+	The regular expression that the diff driver should use to
+	recognize the hunk header.  A built-in pattern may also be used.
+	See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details.
+
+diff.<driver>.binary::
+	Set this option to true to make the diff driver treat files as
+	binary.  See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details.
+
+diff.<driver>.textconv::
+	The command that the diff driver should call to generate the
+	text-converted version of a file.  The result of the
+	conversion is used to generate a human-readable diff.  See
+	linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details.
+
+diff.<driver>.wordregex::
+	The regular expression that the diff driver should use to
+	split words in a line.  See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for
+	details.
+
+diff.<driver>.cachetextconv::
+	Set this option to true to make the diff driver cache the text
+	conversion outputs.  See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details.
+
+diff.tool::
+	The diff tool to be used by linkgit:git-difftool[1].  This
+	option overrides `merge.tool`, and has the same valid built-in
+	values as `merge.tool` minus "tortoisemerge" and plus
+	"kompare".  Any other value is treated as a custom diff tool,
+	and there must be a corresponding `difftool.<tool>.cmd`
+	option.
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt b/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt
index 3ac2bea..c57460c 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt
@@ -74,10 +74,13 @@
 combined diff format
 --------------------
 
-"git-diff-tree", "git-diff-files" and "git-diff" can take '-c' or
-'--cc' option to produce 'combined diff'.  For showing a merge commit
-with "git log -p", this is the default format; you can force showing
-full diff with the '-m' option.
+Any diff-generating command can take the `-c` or `--cc` option to
+produce a 'combined diff' when showing a merge. This is the default
+format when showing merges with linkgit:git-diff[1] or
+linkgit:git-show[1]. Note also that you can give the `-m' option to any
+of these commands to force generation of diffs with individual parents
+of a merge.
+
 A 'combined diff' format looks like this:
 
 ------------
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-options.txt b/Documentation/diff-options.txt
index bfd0b57..80fd817 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-options.txt
@@ -72,6 +72,10 @@
 	a cut-off percent (3% by default) are not shown. The cut-off percent
 	can be set with `--dirstat=<limit>`. Changes in a child directory are not
 	counted for the parent directory, unless `--cumulative` is used.
++
+Note that the `--dirstat` option computes the changes while ignoring
+the amount of pure code movements within a file.  In other words,
+rearranging lines in a file is not counted as much as other changes.
 
 --dirstat-by-file[=<limit>]::
 	Same as `--dirstat`, but counts changed files instead of lines.
@@ -120,12 +124,19 @@
 
 --color[=<when>]::
 	Show colored diff.
-	The value must be always (the default), never, or auto.
+	The value must be `always` (the default for `<when>`), `never`, or `auto`.
+	The default value is `never`.
+ifdef::git-diff[]
+	It can be changed by the `color.ui` and `color.diff`
+	configuration settings.
+endif::git-diff[]
 
 --no-color::
-	Turn off colored diff, even when the configuration file
-	gives the default to color output.
-	Same as `--color=never`.
+	Turn off colored diff.
+ifdef::git-diff[]
+	This can be used to override configuration settings.
+endif::git-diff[]
+	It is the same as `--color=never`.
 
 --word-diff[=<mode>]::
 	Show a word diff, using the <mode> to delimit changed words.
@@ -230,7 +241,7 @@
 another file.
 
 -M[<n>]::
---detect-renames[=<n>]::
+--find-renames[=<n>]::
 ifndef::git-log[]
 	Detect renames.
 endif::git-log[]
@@ -239,31 +250,17 @@
 	For following files across renames while traversing history, see
 	`--follow`.
 endif::git-log[]
-	If `n` is specified, it is a is a threshold on the similarity
+	If `n` is specified, it is a threshold on the similarity
 	index (i.e. amount of addition/deletions compared to the
 	file's size). For example, `-M90%` means git should consider a
 	delete/add pair to be a rename if more than 90% of the file
 	hasn't changed.
 
 -C[<n>]::
---detect-copies[=<n>]::
+--find-copies[=<n>]::
 	Detect copies as well as renames.  See also `--find-copies-harder`.
 	If `n` is specified, it has the same meaning as for `-M<n>`.
 
-ifndef::git-format-patch[]
---diff-filter=[(A|C|D|M|R|T|U|X|B)...[*]]::
-	Select only files that are Added (`A`), Copied (`C`),
-	Deleted (`D`), Modified (`M`), Renamed (`R`), have their
-	type (i.e. regular file, symlink, submodule, ...) changed (`T`),
-	are Unmerged (`U`), are
-	Unknown (`X`), or have had their pairing Broken (`B`).
-	Any combination of the filter characters (including none) can be used.
-	When `*` (All-or-none) is added to the combination, all
-	paths are selected if there is any file that matches
-	other criteria in the comparison; if there is no file
-	that matches other criteria, nothing is selected.
-endif::git-format-patch[]
-
 --find-copies-harder::
 	For performance reasons, by default, `-C` option finds copies only
 	if the original file of the copy was modified in the same
@@ -281,6 +278,18 @@
 	number.
 
 ifndef::git-format-patch[]
+--diff-filter=[(A|C|D|M|R|T|U|X|B)...[*]]::
+	Select only files that are Added (`A`), Copied (`C`),
+	Deleted (`D`), Modified (`M`), Renamed (`R`), have their
+	type (i.e. regular file, symlink, submodule, ...) changed (`T`),
+	are Unmerged (`U`), are
+	Unknown (`X`), or have had their pairing Broken (`B`).
+	Any combination of the filter characters (including none) can be used.
+	When `*` (All-or-none) is added to the combination, all
+	paths are selected if there is any file that matches
+	other criteria in the comparison; if there is no file
+	that matches other criteria, nothing is selected.
+
 -S<string>::
 	Look for differences that introduce or remove an instance of
 	<string>. Note that this is different than the string simply
diff --git a/Documentation/everyday.txt b/Documentation/everyday.txt
index e0ba8cc..ae413e5 100644
--- a/Documentation/everyday.txt
+++ b/Documentation/everyday.txt
@@ -180,12 +180,12 @@
 machine.
 <2> clone sets these configuration variables by default.
 It arranges `git pull` to fetch and store the branches of mothership
-machine to local `remotes/origin/*` tracking branches.
+machine to local `remotes/origin/*` remote-tracking branches.
 <3> arrange `git push` to push local `master` branch to
 `remotes/satellite/master` branch of the mothership machine.
 <4> push will stash our work away on `remotes/satellite/master`
-tracking branch on the mothership machine.  You could use this as
-a back-up method.
+remote-tracking branch on the mothership machine.  You could use this
+as a back-up method.
 <5> on mothership machine, merge the work done on the satellite
 machine into the master branch.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
index 470ac31..39d326a 100644
--- a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 
 -p::
 --prune::
-	After fetching, remove any remote tracking branches which
+	After fetching, remove any remote-tracking branches which
 	no longer exist	on the remote.
 endif::git-pull[]
 
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@
 	behavior for a remote may be specified with the remote.<name>.tagopt
 	setting. See linkgit:git-config[1].
 
+ifndef::git-pull[]
 -t::
 --tags::
 	Most of the tags are fetched automatically as branch
@@ -64,6 +65,35 @@
 	specified with the remote.<name>.tagopt setting. See
 	linkgit:git-config[1].
 
+--recurse-submodules[=yes|on-demand|no]::
+	This option controls if and under what conditions new commits of
+	populated submodules should be fetched too. It can be used as a
+	boolean option to completely disable recursion when set to 'no' or to
+	unconditionally recurse into all populated submodules when set to
+	'yes', which is the default when this option is used without any
+	value. Use 'on-demand' to only recurse into a populated submodule
+	when the superproject retrieves a commit that updates the submodule's
+	reference to a commit that isn't already in the local submodule
+	clone.
+
+--no-recurse-submodules::
+	Disable recursive fetching of submodules (this has the same effect as
+	using the '--recurse-submodules=no' option).
+
+--submodule-prefix=<path>::
+	Prepend <path> to paths printed in informative messages
+	such as "Fetching submodule foo".  This option is used
+	internally when recursing over submodules.
+
+--recurse-submodules-default=[yes|on-demand]::
+	This option is used internally to temporarily provide a
+	non-negative default value for the --recurse-submodules
+	option.  All other methods of configuring fetch's submodule
+	recursion (such as settings in linkgit:gitmodules[5] and
+	linkgit:git-config[1]) override this option, as does
+	specifying --[no-]recurse-submodules directly.
+endif::git-pull[]
+
 -u::
 --update-head-ok::
 	By default 'git fetch' refuses to update the head which
diff --git a/Documentation/git-add.txt b/Documentation/git-add.txt
index 73378b2..9c1d395 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-add.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-add.txt
@@ -92,9 +92,11 @@
 	edit it.  After the editor was closed, adjust the hunk headers
 	and apply the patch to the index.
 +
-*NOTE*: Obviously, if you change anything else than the first character
-on lines beginning with a space or a minus, the patch will no longer
-apply.
+The intent of this option is to pick and choose lines of the patch to
+apply, or even to modify the contents of lines to be staged. This can be
+quicker and more flexible than using the interactive hunk selector.
+However, it is easy to confuse oneself and create a patch that does not
+apply to the index. See EDITING PATCHES below.
 
 -u::
 --update::
@@ -132,6 +134,8 @@
 	If some files could not be added because of errors indexing
 	them, do not abort the operation, but continue adding the
 	others. The command shall still exit with non-zero status.
+	The configuration variable `add.ignoreErrors` can be set to
+	true to make this the default behaviour.
 
 --ignore-missing::
 	This option can only be used together with --dry-run. By using
@@ -270,7 +274,8 @@
   This lets you choose one path out of a 'status' like selection.
   After choosing the path, it presents the diff between the index
   and the working tree file and asks you if you want to stage
-  the change of each hunk.  You can say:
+  the change of each hunk.  You can select one of the following
+  options and type return:
 
        y - stage this hunk
        n - do not stage this hunk
@@ -289,12 +294,87 @@
 +
 After deciding the fate for all hunks, if there is any hunk
 that was chosen, the index is updated with the selected hunks.
++
+You can omit having to type return here, by setting the configuration
+variable `interactive.singlekey` to `true`.
 
 diff::
 
   This lets you review what will be committed (i.e. between
   HEAD and index).
 
+
+EDITING PATCHES
+---------------
+
+Invoking `git add -e` or selecting `e` from the interactive hunk
+selector will open a patch in your editor; after the editor exits, the
+result is applied to the index. You are free to make arbitrary changes
+to the patch, but note that some changes may have confusing results, or
+even result in a patch that cannot be applied.  If you want to abort the
+operation entirely (i.e., stage nothing new in the index), simply delete
+all lines of the patch. The list below describes some common things you
+may see in a patch, and which editing operations make sense on them.
+
+--
+added content::
+
+Added content is represented by lines beginning with "{plus}". You can
+prevent staging any addition lines by deleting them.
+
+removed content::
+
+Removed content is represented by lines beginning with "-". You can
+prevent staging their removal by converting the "-" to a " " (space).
+
+modified content::
+
+Modified content is represented by "-" lines (removing the old content)
+followed by "{plus}" lines (adding the replacement content). You can
+prevent staging the modification by converting "-" lines to " ", and
+removing "{plus}" lines. Beware that modifying only half of the pair is
+likely to introduce confusing changes to the index.
+--
+
+There are also more complex operations that can be performed. But beware
+that because the patch is applied only to the index and not the working
+tree, the working tree will appear to "undo" the change in the index.
+For example, introducing a new line into the index that is in neither
+the HEAD nor the working tree will stage the new line for commit, but
+the line will appear to be reverted in the working tree.
+
+Avoid using these constructs, or do so with extreme caution.
+
+--
+removing untouched content::
+
+Content which does not differ between the index and working tree may be
+shown on context lines, beginning with a " " (space).  You can stage
+context lines for removal by converting the space to a "-". The
+resulting working tree file will appear to re-add the content.
+
+modifying existing content::
+
+One can also modify context lines by staging them for removal (by
+converting " " to "-") and adding a "{plus}" line with the new content.
+Similarly, one can modify "{plus}" lines for existing additions or
+modifications. In all cases, the new modification will appear reverted
+in the working tree.
+
+new content::
+
+You may also add new content that does not exist in the patch; simply
+add new lines, each starting with "{plus}". The addition will appear
+reverted in the working tree.
+--
+
+There are also several operations which should be avoided entirely, as
+they will make the patch impossible to apply:
+
+* adding context (" ") or removal ("-") lines
+* deleting context or removal lines
+* modifying the contents of context or removal lines
+
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-status[1]
@@ -304,14 +384,6 @@
 linkgit:git-commit[1]
 linkgit:git-update-index[1]
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-am.txt b/Documentation/git-am.txt
index 51297d0..6b1b5af 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-am.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-am.txt
@@ -173,9 +173,9 @@
   the index file to bring it into a state that the patch should
   have produced.  Then run the command with the '--resolved' option.
 
-The command refuses to process new mailboxes while the `.git/rebase-apply`
-directory exists, so if you decide to start over from scratch,
-run `rm -f -r .git/rebase-apply` before running the command with mailbox
+The command refuses to process new mailboxes until the current
+operation is finished, so if you decide to start over from scratch,
+run `git am --abort` before running the command with mailbox
 names.
 
 Before any patches are applied, ORIG_HEAD is set to the tip of the
@@ -189,15 +189,6 @@
 --------
 linkgit:git-apply[1].
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Petr Baudis, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-annotate.txt b/Documentation/git-annotate.txt
index 0590eec..9eb75c3 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-annotate.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-annotate.txt
@@ -27,10 +27,6 @@
 --------
 linkgit:git-blame[1]
 
-AUTHOR
-------
-Written by Ryan Anderson <ryan@michonline.com>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-apply.txt b/Documentation/git-apply.txt
index 881652f..afd2c9a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-apply.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-apply.txt
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 -----------
 Reads the supplied diff output (i.e. "a patch") and applies it to files.
 With the `--index` option the patch is also applied to the index, and
-with the `--cache` option the patch is only applied to the index.
+with the `--cached` option the patch is only applied to the index.
 Without these options, the command applies the patch only to files,
 and does not require them to be in a git repository.
 
@@ -246,20 +246,10 @@
 are ignored and only the absence or presence of the corresponding
 subdirectory is checked and (if possible) updated.
 
-
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-am[1].
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-archimport.txt b/Documentation/git-archimport.txt
index 2411ce5..f4504ba 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-archimport.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-archimport.txt
@@ -107,14 +107,6 @@
 	Archive/branch identifier in a format that `tla log` understands.
 
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Martin Langhoff <martin@laptop.org>.
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano, Martin Langhoff and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-archive.txt b/Documentation/git-archive.txt
index 4163a1b..9c750e2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-archive.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-archive.txt
@@ -98,7 +98,8 @@
 	tar archive entries.  The default is 0002, which turns off the
 	world write bit.  The special value "user" indicates that the
 	archiving user's umask will be used instead.  See umask(2) for
-	details.
+	details.  If `--remote` is used then only the configuration of
+	the remote repository takes effect.
 
 ATTRIBUTES
 ----------
@@ -116,7 +117,7 @@
 in the tree that is being archived.  If you want to tweak the way the
 output is generated after the fact (e.g. you committed without adding an
 appropriate export-ignore in its `.gitattributes`), adjust the checked out
-`.gitattributes` file as necessary and use `--work-tree-attributes`
+`.gitattributes` file as necessary and use `--worktree-attributes`
 option.  Alternatively you can keep necessary attributes that should apply
 while archiving any tree in your `$GIT_DIR/info/attributes` file.
 
@@ -153,14 +154,6 @@
 --------
 linkgit:gitattributes[5]
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Franck Bui-Huu and Rene Scharfe.
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-bisect.txt b/Documentation/git-bisect.txt
index c39d957..7b7bafb 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-bisect.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-bisect.txt
@@ -241,7 +241,12 @@
 
 The special exit code 125 should be used when the current source code
 cannot be tested. If the script exits with this code, the current
-revision will be skipped (see `git bisect skip` above).
+revision will be skipped (see `git bisect skip` above). 125 was chosen
+as the highest sensible value to use for this purpose, because 126 and 127
+are used by POSIX shells to signal specific error status (127 is for
+command not found, 126 is for command found but not executable---these
+details do not matter, as they are normal errors in the script, as far as
+"bisect run" is concerned).
 
 You may often find that during a bisect session you want to have
 temporary modifications (e.g. s/#define DEBUG 0/#define DEBUG 1/ in a
@@ -274,61 +279,68 @@
 $ git bisect run make test           # "make test" builds and tests
 ------------
 
-* Automatically bisect a broken test suite:
-+
-------------
-$ cat ~/test.sh
-#!/bin/sh
-make || exit 125                   # this skips broken builds
-make test                          # "make test" runs the test suite
-$ git bisect start v1.3 v1.1 --    # v1.3 is bad, v1.1 is good
-$ git bisect run ~/test.sh
-------------
-+
-Here we use a "test.sh" custom script. In this script, if "make"
-fails, we skip the current commit.
-+
-It is safer to use a custom script outside the repository to prevent
-interactions between the bisect, make and test processes and the
-script.
-+
-"make test" should "exit 0", if the test suite passes, and
-"exit 1" otherwise.
-
 * Automatically bisect a broken test case:
 +
 ------------
 $ cat ~/test.sh
 #!/bin/sh
 make || exit 125                     # this skips broken builds
-~/check_test_case.sh                 # does the test case passes ?
+~/check_test_case.sh                 # does the test case pass?
 $ git bisect start HEAD HEAD~10 --   # culprit is among the last 10
 $ git bisect run ~/test.sh
 ------------
 +
-Here "check_test_case.sh" should "exit 0" if the test case passes,
+Here we use a "test.sh" custom script. In this script, if "make"
+fails, we skip the current commit.
+"check_test_case.sh" should "exit 0" if the test case passes,
 and "exit 1" otherwise.
 +
-It is safer if both "test.sh" and "check_test_case.sh" scripts are
+It is safer if both "test.sh" and "check_test_case.sh" are
 outside the repository to prevent interactions between the bisect,
 make and test processes and the scripts.
 
-* Automatically bisect a broken test suite:
+* Automatically bisect with temporary modifications (hot-fix):
++
+------------
+$ cat ~/test.sh
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# tweak the working tree by merging the hot-fix branch
+# and then attempt a build
+if	git merge --no-commit hot-fix &&
+	make
+then
+	# run project specific test and report its status
+	~/check_test_case.sh
+	status=$?
+else
+	# tell the caller this is untestable
+	status=125
+fi
+
+# undo the tweak to allow clean flipping to the next commit
+git reset --hard
+
+# return control
+exit $status
+------------
++
+This applies modifications from a hot-fix branch before each test run,
+e.g. in case your build or test environment changed so that older
+revisions may need a fix which newer ones have already. (Make sure the
+hot-fix branch is based off a commit which is contained in all revisions
+which you are bisecting, so that the merge does not pull in too much, or
+use `git cherry-pick` instead of `git merge`.)
+
+* Automatically bisect a broken test case:
 +
 ------------
 $ git bisect start HEAD HEAD~10 --   # culprit is among the last 10
 $ git bisect run sh -c "make || exit 125; ~/check_test_case.sh"
 ------------
 +
-Does the same as the previous example, but on a single line.
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
--------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
+This shows that you can do without a run script if you write the test
+on a single line.
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-blame.txt b/Documentation/git-blame.txt
index a27f439..c4d1ff8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-blame.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-blame.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git blame' [-c] [-b] [-l] [--root] [-t] [-f] [-n] [-s] [-p] [-w] [--incremental] [-L n,m]
+'git blame' [-c] [-b] [-l] [--root] [-t] [-f] [-n] [-s] [-e] [-p] [-w] [--incremental] [-L n,m]
 	    [-S <revs-file>] [-M] [-C] [-C] [-C] [--since=<date>]
 	    [<rev> | --contents <file> | --reverse <rev>] [--] <file>
 
@@ -65,6 +65,10 @@
 -s::
 	Suppress the author name and timestamp from the output.
 
+-e::
+--show-email::
+	Show the author email instead of author name (Default: off).
+
 -w::
 	Ignore whitespace when comparing the parent's version and
 	the child's to find where the lines came from.
@@ -194,10 +198,6 @@
 --------
 linkgit:git-annotate[1]
 
-AUTHOR
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-branch.txt
index 1940256..c50f189 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-branch.txt
@@ -37,11 +37,12 @@
 working tree to it; use "git checkout <newbranch>" to switch to the
 new branch.
 
-When a local branch is started off a remote branch, git sets up the
+When a local branch is started off a remote-tracking branch, git sets up the
 branch so that 'git pull' will appropriately merge from
-the remote branch. This behavior may be changed via the global
+the remote-tracking branch. This behavior may be changed via the global
 `branch.autosetupmerge` configuration flag. That setting can be
-overridden by using the `--track` and `--no-track` options.
+overridden by using the `--track` and `--no-track` options, and
+changed later using `git branch --set-upstream`.
 
 With a '-m' or '-M' option, <oldbranch> will be renamed to <newbranch>.
 If <oldbranch> had a corresponding reflog, it is renamed to match
@@ -89,7 +90,8 @@
 	Move/rename a branch even if the new branch name already exists.
 
 --color[=<when>]::
-	Color branches to highlight current, local, and remote branches.
+	Color branches to highlight current, local, and
+	remote-tracking branches.
 	The value must be always (the default), never, or auto.
 
 --no-color::
@@ -125,11 +127,11 @@
 	it directs `git pull` without arguments to pull from the
 	upstream when the new branch is checked out.
 +
-This behavior is the default when the start point is a remote branch.
+This behavior is the default when the start point is a remote-tracking branch.
 Set the branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable to `false` if you
 want `git checkout` and `git branch` to always behave as if '--no-track'
 were given. Set it to `always` if you want this behavior when the
-start-point is either a local or remote branch.
+start-point is either a local or remote-tracking branch.
 
 --no-track::
 	Do not set up "upstream" configuration, even if the
@@ -230,14 +232,6 @@
 link:user-manual.html#what-is-a-branch[``Understanding history: What is
 a branch?''] in the Git User's Manual.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> and Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-bundle.txt b/Documentation/git-bundle.txt
index 6266a3a..92b01ec2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-bundle.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-bundle.txt
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@
 
 <git-rev-list-args>::
 	A list of arguments, acceptable to 'git rev-parse' and
-	'git rev-list' (and containg a named ref, see SPECIFYING REFERENCES
+	'git rev-list' (and containing a named ref, see SPECIFYING REFERENCES
 	below), that specifies the specific objects and references
 	to transport.  For example, `master{tilde}10..master` causes the
 	current master reference to be packaged along with all objects
@@ -201,10 +201,6 @@
 $ git ls-remote mybundle
 ----------------
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Mark Levedahl <mdl123@verizon.net>
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt b/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt
index 544ba7b..2fb95bb 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt
@@ -100,14 +100,6 @@
 <object> SP missing LF
 ------------
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-check-attr.txt b/Documentation/git-check-attr.txt
index 50824e3..30eca6c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-check-attr.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-check-attr.txt
@@ -86,15 +86,6 @@
 --------
 linkgit:gitattributes[5].
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by James Bowes.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-checkout-index.txt b/Documentation/git-checkout-index.txt
index 0c0a9c1..4d33e7b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-checkout-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-checkout-index.txt
@@ -172,18 +172,6 @@
 This will check out the currently cached copy of `Makefile`
 into the file `.merged-Makefile`.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves,
-Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
index 22d3611..c0a96e6 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
@@ -9,9 +9,10 @@
 --------
 [verse]
 'git checkout' [-q] [-f] [-m] [<branch>]
+'git checkout' [-q] [-f] [-m] [--detach] [<commit>]
 'git checkout' [-q] [-f] [-m] [[-b|-B|--orphan] <new_branch>] [<start_point>]
 'git checkout' [-f|--ours|--theirs|-m|--conflict=<style>] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>...
-'git checkout' --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]
+'git checkout' [-p|--patch] [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -22,9 +23,10 @@
 
 'git checkout' [<branch>]::
 'git checkout' -b|-B <new_branch> [<start point>]::
+'git checkout' [--detach] [<commit>]::
 
 	This form switches branches by updating the index, working
-	tree, and HEAD to reflect the specified branch.
+	tree, and HEAD to reflect the specified branch or commit.
 +
 If `-b` is given, a new branch is created as if linkgit:git-branch[1]
 were called and then checked out; in this case you can
@@ -43,7 +45,7 @@
 that is to say, the branch is not reset/created unless "git checkout" is
 successful.
 
-'git checkout' [--patch] [<tree-ish>] [--] <pathspec>...::
+'git checkout' [-p|--patch] [<tree-ish>] [--] <pathspec>...::
 
 	When <paths> or `--patch` are given, 'git checkout' does *not*
 	switch branches.  It updates the named paths in the working tree
@@ -98,7 +100,7 @@
 	"--track" in linkgit:git-branch[1] for details.
 +
 If no '-b' option is given, the name of the new branch will be
-derived from the remote branch.  If "remotes/" or "refs/remotes/"
+derived from the remote-tracking branch.  If "remotes/" or "refs/remotes/"
 is prefixed it is stripped away, and then the part up to the
 next slash (which would be the nickname of the remote) is removed.
 This would tell us to use "hack" as the local branch when branching
@@ -115,6 +117,13 @@
 	Create the new branch's reflog; see linkgit:git-branch[1] for
 	details.
 
+--detach::
+	Rather than checking out a branch to work on it, check out a
+	commit for inspection and discardable experiments.
+	This is the default behavior of "git checkout <commit>" when
+	<commit> is not a branch name.  See the "DETACHED HEAD" section
+	below for details.
+
 --orphan::
 	Create a new 'orphan' branch, named <new_branch>, started from
 	<start_point> and switch to it.  The first commit made on this
@@ -174,7 +183,8 @@
 	working tree (and if a <tree-ish> was specified, the index).
 +
 This means that you can use `git checkout -p` to selectively discard
-edits from your current working tree.
+edits from your current working tree. See the ``Interactive Mode''
+section of linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate the `\--patch` mode.
 
 <branch>::
 	Branch to checkout; if it refers to a branch (i.e., a name that,
@@ -204,43 +214,141 @@
 
 
 
-Detached HEAD
+DETACHED HEAD
 -------------
-
-It is sometimes useful to be able to 'checkout' a commit that is
-not at the tip of one of your branches.  The most obvious
-example is to check out the commit at a tagged official release
-point, like this:
+HEAD normally refers to a named branch (e.g. 'master'). Meanwhile, each
+branch refers to a specific commit. Let's look at a repo with three
+commits, one of them tagged, and with branch 'master' checked out:
 
 ------------
-$ git checkout v2.6.18
+	   HEAD (refers to branch 'master')
+	    |
+	    v
+a---b---c  branch 'master' (refers to commit 'c')
+    ^
+    |
+  tag 'v2.0' (refers to commit 'b')
 ------------
 
-Earlier versions of git did not allow this and asked you to
-create a temporary branch using the `-b` option, but starting from
-version 1.5.0, the above command 'detaches' your HEAD from the
-current branch and directly points at the commit named by the tag
-(`v2.6.18` in the example above).
-
-You can use all git commands while in this state.  You can use
-`git reset --hard $othercommit` to further move around, for
-example.  You can make changes and create a new commit on top of
-a detached HEAD.  You can even create a merge by using `git
-merge $othercommit`.
-
-The state you are in while your HEAD is detached is not recorded
-by any branch (which is natural --- you are not on any branch).
-What this means is that you can discard your temporary commits
-and merges by switching back to an existing branch (e.g. `git
-checkout master`), and a later `git prune` or `git gc` would
-garbage-collect them.  If you did this by mistake, you can ask
-the reflog for HEAD where you were, e.g.
+When a commit is created in this state, the branch is updated to refer to
+the new commit. Specifically, 'git commit' creates a new commit 'd', whose
+parent is commit 'c', and then updates branch 'master' to refer to new
+commit 'd'. HEAD still refers to branch 'master' and so indirectly now refers
+to commit 'd':
 
 ------------
+$ edit; git add; git commit
+
+	       HEAD (refers to branch 'master')
+		|
+		v
+a---b---c---d  branch 'master' (refers to commit 'd')
+    ^
+    |
+  tag 'v2.0' (refers to commit 'b')
+------------
+
+It is sometimes useful to be able to checkout a commit that is not at
+the tip of any named branch, or even to create a new commit that is not
+referenced by a named branch. Let's look at what happens when we
+checkout commit 'b' (here we show two ways this may be done):
+
+------------
+$ git checkout v2.0  # or
+$ git checkout master^^
+
+   HEAD (refers to commit 'b')
+    |
+    v
+a---b---c---d  branch 'master' (refers to commit 'd')
+    ^
+    |
+  tag 'v2.0' (refers to commit 'b')
+------------
+
+Notice that regardless of which checkout command we use, HEAD now refers
+directly to commit 'b'. This is known as being in detached HEAD state.
+It means simply that HEAD refers to a specific commit, as opposed to
+referring to a named branch. Let's see what happens when we create a commit:
+
+------------
+$ edit; git add; git commit
+
+     HEAD (refers to commit 'e')
+      |
+      v
+      e
+     /
+a---b---c---d  branch 'master' (refers to commit 'd')
+    ^
+    |
+  tag 'v2.0' (refers to commit 'b')
+------------
+
+There is now a new commit 'e', but it is referenced only by HEAD. We can
+of course add yet another commit in this state:
+
+------------
+$ edit; git add; git commit
+
+	 HEAD (refers to commit 'f')
+	  |
+	  v
+      e---f
+     /
+a---b---c---d  branch 'master' (refers to commit 'd')
+    ^
+    |
+  tag 'v2.0' (refers to commit 'b')
+------------
+
+In fact, we can perform all the normal git operations. But, let's look
+at what happens when we then checkout master:
+
+------------
+$ git checkout master
+
+	       HEAD (refers to branch 'master')
+      e---f     |
+     /          v
+a---b---c---d  branch 'master' (refers to commit 'd')
+    ^
+    |
+  tag 'v2.0' (refers to commit 'b')
+------------
+
+It is important to realize that at this point nothing refers to commit
+'f'. Eventually commit 'f' (and by extension commit 'e') will be deleted
+by the routine git garbage collection process, unless we create a reference
+before that happens. If we have not yet moved away from commit 'f',
+any of these will create a reference to it:
+
+------------
+$ git checkout -b foo   <1>
+$ git branch foo        <2>
+$ git tag foo           <3>
+------------
+
+<1> creates a new branch 'foo', which refers to commit 'f', and then
+updates HEAD to refer to branch 'foo'. In other words, we'll no longer
+be in detached HEAD state after this command.
+
+<2> similarly creates a new branch 'foo', which refers to commit 'f',
+but leaves HEAD detached.
+
+<3> creates a new tag 'foo', which refers to commit 'f',
+leaving HEAD detached.
+
+If we have moved away from commit 'f', then we must first recover its object
+name (typically by using git reflog), and then we can create a reference to
+it. For example, to see the last two commits to which HEAD referred, we
+can use either of these commands:
+
+------------
+$ git reflog -2 HEAD # or
 $ git log -g -2 HEAD
 ------------
 
-
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 
@@ -315,15 +423,6 @@
 $ git add frotz
 ------------
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt b/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt
index 3c96fa8..9d8fe0d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt
@@ -16,6 +16,25 @@
 introduces, recording a new commit for each.  This requires your
 working tree to be clean (no modifications from the HEAD commit).
 
+When it is not obvious how to apply a change, the following
+happens:
+
+1. The current branch and `HEAD` pointer stay at the last commit
+   successfully made.
+2. The `CHERRY_PICK_HEAD` ref is set to point at the commit that
+   introduced the change that is difficult to apply.
+3. Paths in which the change applied cleanly are updated both
+   in the index file and in your working tree.
+4. For conflicting paths, the index file records up to three
+   versions, as described in the "TRUE MERGE" section of
+   linkgit:git-merge[1].  The working tree files will include
+   a description of the conflict bracketed by the usual
+   conflict markers `<<<<<<<` and `>>>>>>>`.
+5. No other modifications are made.
+
+See linkgit:git-merge[1] for some hints on resolving such
+conflicts.
+
 OPTIONS
 -------
 <commit>...::
@@ -32,9 +51,10 @@
 	message prior to committing.
 
 -x::
-	When recording the commit, append to the original commit
-	message a note that indicates which commit this change
-	was cherry-picked from.  Append the note only for cherry
+	When recording the commit, append a line that says
+	"(cherry picked from commit ...)" to the original commit
+	message in order to indicate which commit this change was
+	cherry-picked from.  This is done only for cherry
 	picks without conflicts.  Do not use this option if
 	you are cherry-picking from your private branch because
 	the information is useless to the recipient.  If on the
@@ -79,6 +99,16 @@
 	cherry-pick'ed commit, then a fast forward to this commit will
 	be performed.
 
+--strategy=<strategy>::
+	Use the given merge strategy.  Should only be used once.
+	See the MERGE STRATEGIES section in linkgit:git-merge[1]
+	for details.
+
+-X<option>::
+--strategy-option=<option>::
+	Pass the merge strategy-specific option through to the
+	merge strategy.  See linkgit:git-merge[1] for details.
+
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 git cherry-pick master::
@@ -92,7 +122,7 @@
 	Apply the changes introduced by all commits that are ancestors
 	of master but not of HEAD to produce new commits.
 
-git cherry-pick master\~4 master~2::
+git cherry-pick master{tilde}4 master{tilde}2::
 
 	Apply the changes introduced by the fifth and third last
 	commits pointed to by master and create 2 new commits with
@@ -120,13 +150,27 @@
 	so the result can be inspected and made into a single new
 	commit if suitable.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
+The following sequence attempts to backport a patch, bails out because
+the code the patch applies to has changed too much, and then tries
+again, this time exercising more care about matching up context lines.
 
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
+------------
+$ git cherry-pick topic^             <1>
+$ git diff                           <2>
+$ git reset --merge ORIG_HEAD        <3>
+$ git cherry-pick -Xpatience topic^  <4>
+------------
+<1> apply the change that would be shown by `git show topic^`.
+In this example, the patch does not apply cleanly, so
+information about the conflict is written to the index and
+working tree and no new commit results.
+<2> summarize changes to be reconciled
+<3> cancel the cherry-pick.  In other words, return to the
+pre-cherry-pick state, preserving any local modifications you had in
+the working tree.
+<4> try to apply the change introduced by `topic^` again,
+spending extra time to avoid mistakes based on incorrectly matching
+context lines.
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cherry.txt b/Documentation/git-cherry.txt
index fed115a..79448c5 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cherry.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cherry.txt
@@ -63,14 +63,6 @@
 --------
 linkgit:git-patch-id[1]
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-citool.txt b/Documentation/git-citool.txt
index fb2753c..6e5c812 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-citool.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-citool.txt
@@ -19,14 +19,6 @@
 'git citool' is actually a standard alias for `git gui citool`.
 See linkgit:git-gui[1] for more details.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>.
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-clean.txt b/Documentation/git-clean.txt
index 60e38e6..974e04e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-clean.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-clean.txt
@@ -61,12 +61,6 @@
 	Remove only files ignored by git.  This may be useful to rebuild
 	everything from scratch, but keep manually created files.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Pavel Roskin <proski@gnu.org>
-
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-clone.txt b/Documentation/git-clone.txt
index ab72933..b093e45 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-clone.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-clone.txt
@@ -12,7 +12,9 @@
 'git clone' [--template=<template_directory>]
 	  [-l] [-s] [--no-hardlinks] [-q] [-n] [--bare] [--mirror]
 	  [-o <name>] [-b <name>] [-u <upload-pack>] [--reference <repository>]
-	  [--depth <depth>] [--recursive] [--] <repository> [<directory>]
+	  [--separate-git-dir <git dir>]
+	  [--depth <depth>] [--recursive|--recurse-submodules] [--] <repository>
+	  [<directory>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -131,7 +133,7 @@
 	Set up a mirror of the source repository.  This implies `--bare`.
 	Compared to `--bare`, `--mirror` not only maps local branches of the
 	source to local branches of the target, it maps all refs (including
-	remote branches, notes etc.) and sets up a refspec configuration such
+	remote-tracking branches, notes etc.) and sets up a refspec configuration such
 	that all these refs are overwritten by a `git remote update` in the
 	target repository.
 
@@ -167,6 +169,7 @@
 	as patches.
 
 --recursive::
+--recurse-submodules::
 	After the clone is created, initialize all submodules within,
 	using their default settings. This is equivalent to running
 	`git submodule update --init --recursive` immediately after
@@ -174,6 +177,14 @@
 	repository does not have a worktree/checkout (i.e. if any of
 	`--no-checkout`/`-n`, `--bare`, or `--mirror` is given)
 
+--separate-git-dir=<git dir>::
+	Instead of placing the cloned repository where it is supposed
+	to be, place the cloned repository at the specified directory,
+	then make a filesytem-agnostic git symbolic link to there.
+	The result is git repository can be separated from working
+	tree.
+
+
 <repository>::
 	The (possibly remote) repository to clone from.  See the
 	<<URLS,URLS>> section below for more information on specifying
@@ -234,17 +245,6 @@
     /pub/scm/.../me/subsys-2.6.git
 ------------
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt
index 5dcf427..f524d76 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt
@@ -93,15 +93,6 @@
 --------
 linkgit:git-write-tree[1]
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit.txt b/Documentation/git-commit.txt
index 42fb1f5..d0534b8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-commit.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-commit.txt
@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@
 --------
 [verse]
 'git commit' [-a | --interactive] [-s] [-v] [-u<mode>] [--amend] [--dry-run]
-	   [(-c | -C) <commit>] [-F <file> | -m <msg>] [--reset-author]
-	   [--allow-empty] [--allow-empty-message] [--no-verify] [-e] [--author=<author>]
-	   [--date=<date>] [--cleanup=<mode>] [--status | --no-status] [--]
-	   [[-i | -o ]<file>...]
+	   [(-c | -C | --fixup | --squash) <commit>] [-F <file> | -m <msg>]
+	   [--reset-author] [--allow-empty] [--allow-empty-message] [--no-verify]
+	   [-e] [--author=<author>] [--date=<date>] [--cleanup=<mode>]
+	   [--status | --no-status] [-i | -o] [--] [<file>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -70,10 +70,24 @@
 	Like '-C', but with '-c' the editor is invoked, so that
 	the user can further edit the commit message.
 
+--fixup=<commit>::
+	Construct a commit message for use with `rebase --autosquash`.
+	The commit message will be the subject line from the specified
+	commit with a prefix of "fixup! ".  See linkgit:git-rebase[1]
+	for details.
+
+--squash=<commit>::
+	Construct a commit message for use with `rebase --autosquash`.
+	The commit message subject line is taken from the specified
+	commit with a prefix of "squash! ".  Can be used with additional
+	commit message options (`-m`/`-c`/`-C`/`-F`). See
+	linkgit:git-rebase[1] for details.
+
 --reset-author::
-	When used with -C/-c/--amend options, declare that the
-	authorship of the resulting commit now belongs of the committer.
-	This also renews the author timestamp.
+	When used with -C/-c/--amend options, or when committing after a
+	a conflicting cherry-pick, declare that the authorship of the
+	resulting commit now belongs of the committer. This also renews
+	the author timestamp.
 
 --short::
 	When doing a dry-run, give the output in the short-format. See
@@ -201,10 +215,11 @@
 
 -u[<mode>]::
 --untracked-files[=<mode>]::
-	Show untracked files (Default: 'all').
+	Show untracked files.
 +
-The mode parameter is optional, and is used to specify
-the handling of untracked files.
+The mode parameter is optional (defaults to 'all'), and is used to
+specify the handling of untracked files; when -u is not used, the
+default is 'normal', i.e. show untracked files and directories.
 +
 The possible options are:
 +
@@ -212,9 +227,8 @@
 	- 'normal' - Shows untracked files and directories
 	- 'all'    - Also shows individual files in untracked directories.
 +
-See linkgit:git-config[1] for configuration variable
-used to change the default for when the option is not
-specified.
+The default can be changed using the status.showUntrackedFiles
+configuration variable documented in linkgit:git-config[1].
 
 -v::
 --verbose::
@@ -383,12 +397,6 @@
 linkgit:git-merge[1],
 linkgit:git-commit-tree[1]
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> and
-Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-config.txt b/Documentation/git-config.txt
index 543dd64..8804de3 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-config.txt
@@ -336,15 +336,6 @@
 
 include::config.txt[]
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Johannes Schindelin <Johannes.Schindelin@gmx.de>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Johannes Schindelin, Petr Baudis and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-count-objects.txt b/Documentation/git-count-objects.txt
index 6bc1c21..a73933a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-count-objects.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-count-objects.txt
@@ -25,15 +25,6 @@
 	and number of objects that can be removed by running
 	`git prune-packed`.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cvsexportcommit.txt b/Documentation/git-cvsexportcommit.txt
index d25661e..ad93a3e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cvsexportcommit.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cvsexportcommit.txt
@@ -112,14 +112,6 @@
 $ git cherry cvshead myhead | sed -n 's/^+ //p' | xargs -l1 git cvsexportcommit -c -p -v
 ------------
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Martin Langhoff <martin@laptop.org> and others.
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Martin Langhoff <martin@laptop.org> and others.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt b/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt
index 608cd63..6695ab3 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt
@@ -217,15 +217,6 @@
 * cvs2git (part of cvs2svn), `http://cvs2svn.tigris.org`
 * parsecvs, `http://cgit.freedesktop.org/~keithp/parsecvs`
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Matthias Urlichs <smurf@smurf.noris.de>, with help from
-various participants of the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Matthias Urlichs <smurf@smurf.noris.de>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt b/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt
index 70cbb2c..827bc98 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@
 
 'git-cvsserver' uses the Perl DBI module. Please also read
 its documentation if changing these variables, especially
-about `DBI->connect()`.
+about `DBI\->connect()`.
 
 gitcvs.dbname::
 	Database name. The exact meaning depends on the
@@ -391,22 +391,6 @@
 ------------
 'git-cvsserver' depends on DBD::SQLite.
 
-Copyright and Authors
----------------------
-
-This program is copyright The Open University UK - 2006.
-
-Authors:
-
-- Martyn Smith    <martyn@catalyst.net.nz>
-- Martin Langhoff <martin@laptop.org>
-
-with ideas and patches from participants of the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Martyn Smith <martyn@catalyst.net.nz>, Martin Langhoff <martin@laptop.org>, and Matthias Urlichs <smurf@smurf.noris.de>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-daemon.txt b/Documentation/git-daemon.txt
index 5054f79..ebd13be 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-daemon.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-daemon.txt
@@ -78,7 +78,8 @@
 
 --inetd::
 	Have the server run as an inetd service. Implies --syslog.
-	Incompatible with --port, --listen, --user and --group options.
+	Incompatible with --detach, --port, --listen, --user and --group
+	options.
 
 --listen=<host_or_ipaddr>::
 	Listen on a specific IP address or hostname.  IP addresses can
@@ -278,17 +279,6 @@
 be available in the environment of hooks called when
 services are performed.
 
-
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>, YOSHIFUJI Hideaki
-<yoshfuji@linux-ipv6.org> and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-describe.txt b/Documentation/git-describe.txt
index 7ef9d51..039cce2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-describe.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-describe.txt
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
 --all::
 	Instead of using only the annotated tags, use any ref
 	found in `.git/refs/`.  This option enables matching
-	any known branch, remote branch, or lightweight tag.
+	any known branch, remote-tracking branch, or lightweight tag.
 
 --tags::
 	Instead of using only the annotated tags, use any tag
@@ -156,17 +156,6 @@
 the number of commits which would be shown by `git log tag..input`
 will be the smallest number of commits possible.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>, but somewhat
-butchered by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>.  Later significantly
-updated by Shawn Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>.
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff-files.txt b/Documentation/git-diff-files.txt
index 9cd8cce..8d48194 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-diff-files.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-diff-files.txt
@@ -46,15 +46,6 @@
 
 include::diff-format.txt[]
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt b/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt
index 162cb74..2ea22ab 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt
@@ -96,8 +96,8 @@
 have not actually done a 'git update-index' on it yet - there is no
 "object" associated with the new state, and you get:
 
-  torvalds@ppc970:~/v2.6/linux> git diff-index HEAD
-  *100644->100664 blob    7476bb......->000000......      kernel/sched.c
+  torvalds@ppc970:~/v2.6/linux> git diff-index --abbrev HEAD
+  :100644 100664 7476bb... 000000...      kernel/sched.c
 
 i.e., it shows that the tree has changed, and that `kernel/sched.c` has is
 not up-to-date and may contain new stuff. The all-zero sha1 means that to
@@ -116,15 +116,6 @@
 show a valid sha1, and the "not in sync with the index" ones will
 always have the special all-zero sha1.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt
index a7e37b8..1439486 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt
@@ -138,8 +138,8 @@
 
 An example of normal usage is:
 
-  torvalds@ppc970:~/git> git diff-tree 5319e4......
-  *100664->100664 blob    ac348b.......->a01513.......      git-fsck-objects.c
+  torvalds@ppc970:~/git> git diff-tree --abbrev 5319e4
+  :100664 100664 ac348b... a01513...	git-fsck-objects.c
 
 which tells you that the last commit changed just one file (it's from
 this one:
@@ -162,15 +162,6 @@
 
 include::diff-format.txt[]
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff.txt b/Documentation/git-diff.txt
index dd1fb32..f8d0819 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-diff.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-diff.txt
@@ -8,12 +8,17 @@
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git diff' [<common diff options>] <commit>{0,2} [--] [<path>...]
+[verse]
+'git diff' [options] [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]
+'git diff' [options] --cached [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]
+'git diff' [options] <commit> <commit> [--] [<path>...]
+'git diff' [options] [--no-index] [--] <path> <path>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Show changes between two trees, a tree and the working tree, a
-tree and the index file, or the index file and the working tree.
+Show changes between the working tree and the index or a tree, changes
+between the index and a tree, changes between two trees, or changes
+between two files on disk.
 
 'git diff' [--options] [--] [<path>...]::
 
@@ -33,6 +38,8 @@
 	commit relative to the named <commit>.  Typically you
 	would want comparison with the latest commit, so if you
 	do not give <commit>, it defaults to HEAD.
+	If HEAD does not exist (e.g. unborned branches) and
+	<commit> is not given, it shows all staged changes.
 	--staged is a synonym of --cached.
 
 'git diff' [--options] <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
@@ -167,14 +174,6 @@
 linkgit:git-format-patch[1],
 linkgit:git-apply[1]
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-difftool.txt b/Documentation/git-difftool.txt
index 8250bad..590f410 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-difftool.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-difftool.txt
@@ -7,13 +7,14 @@
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git difftool' [<options>] <commit>{0,2} [--] [<path>...]
+'git difftool' [<options>] [<commit> [<commit>]] [--] [<path>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 'git difftool' is a git command that allows you to compare and edit files
 between revisions using common diff tools.  'git difftool' is a frontend
-to 'git diff' and accepts the same options and arguments.
+to 'git diff' and accepts the same options and arguments. See
+linkgit:git-diff[1].
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -30,8 +31,8 @@
 --tool=<tool>::
 	Use the diff tool specified by <tool>.
 	Valid merge tools are:
-	kdiff3, kompare, tkdiff, meld, xxdiff, emerge, vimdiff, gvimdiff,
-	ecmerge, diffuse, opendiff, p4merge and araxis.
+	araxis, bc3, diffuse, emerge, ecmerge, gvimdiff, kdiff3,
+	kompare, meld, opendiff, p4merge, tkdiff, vimdiff and xxdiff.
 +
 If a diff tool is not specified, 'git difftool'
 will use the configuration variable `diff.tool`.  If the
@@ -55,14 +56,16 @@
 variables available: `$LOCAL` is set to the name of the temporary
 file containing the contents of the diff pre-image and `$REMOTE`
 is set to the name of the temporary file containing the contents
-of the diff post-image.  `$BASE` is provided for compatibility
-with custom merge tool commands and has the same value as `$LOCAL`.
+of the diff post-image.  `$MERGED` is the name of the file which is
+being compared. `$BASE` is provided for compatibility
+with custom merge tool commands and has the same value as `$MERGED`.
 
 -x <command>::
 --extcmd=<command>::
 	Specify a custom command for viewing diffs.
 	'git-difftool' ignores the configured defaults and runs
 	`$command $LOCAL $REMOTE` when this option is specified.
+	Additionally, `$BASE` is set in the environment.
 
 -g::
 --gui::
@@ -106,15 +109,6 @@
 linkgit:git-config[1]::
 	 Get and set repository or global options
 
-
-AUTHOR
-------
-Written by David Aguilar <davvid@gmail.com>.
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Aguilar and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt b/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt
index e05b686..781bd6e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt
@@ -135,15 +135,6 @@
 able to export the linux-2.6.git repository completely, as it contains
 a tag referencing a tree instead of a commit.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Johannes E. Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>.
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Johannes E. Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt b/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt
index 5d0c245..249249a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt
@@ -78,8 +78,12 @@
 	set of marks.  If a mark is defined to different values,
 	the last file wins.
 
+--import-marks-if-exists=<file>::
+	Like --import-marks but instead of erroring out, silently
+	skips the file if it does not exist.
+
 --relative-marks::
-	After specifying --relative-marks= the paths specified
+	After specifying --relative-marks the paths specified
 	with --import-marks= and --export-marks= are relative
 	to an internal directory in the current repository.
 	In git-fast-import this means that the paths are relative
@@ -89,9 +93,14 @@
 --no-relative-marks::
 	Negates a previous --relative-marks. Allows for combining
 	relative and non-relative marks by interweaving
-	--(no-)-relative-marks= with the --(import|export)-marks=
+	--(no-)-relative-marks with the --(import|export)-marks=
 	options.
 
+--cat-blob-fd=<fd>::
+	Specify the file descriptor that will be written to
+	when the `cat-blob` command is encountered in the stream.
+	The default behaviour is to write to `stdout`.
+
 --export-pack-edges=<file>::
 	After creating a packfile, print a line of data to
 	<file> listing the filename of the packfile and the last
@@ -187,7 +196,8 @@
 Ruby is being used.
 
 fast-import is very strict about its input.  Where we say SP below we mean
-*exactly* one space.  Likewise LF means one (and only one) linefeed.
+*exactly* one space.  Likewise LF means one (and only one) linefeed
+and HT one (and only one) horizontal tab.
 Supplying additional whitespace characters will cause unexpected
 results, such as branch names or file names with leading or trailing
 spaces in their name, or early termination of fast-import when it encounters
@@ -320,6 +330,16 @@
 	standard output.  This command is optional and is not needed
 	to perform an import.
 
+`cat-blob`::
+	Causes fast-import to print a blob in 'cat-file --batch'
+	format to the file descriptor set with `--cat-blob-fd` or
+	`stdout` if unspecified.
+
+`ls`::
+	Causes fast-import to print a line describing a directory
+	entry in 'ls-tree' format to the file descriptor set with
+	`--cat-blob-fd` or `stdout` if unspecified.
+
 `feature`::
 	Require that fast-import supports the specified feature, or
 	abort if it does not.
@@ -524,9 +544,6 @@
 If an `LF` or double quote must be encoded into `<path>` shell-style
 quoting should be used, e.g. `"path/with\n and \" in it"`.
 
-Additionally, in `040000` mode, `<path>` may also be an empty string
-(`""`) to specify the root of the tree.
-
 The value of `<path>` must be in canonical form. That is it must not:
 
 * contain an empty directory component (e.g. `foo//bar` is invalid),
@@ -535,6 +552,8 @@
 * contain the special component `.` or `..` (e.g. `foo/./bar` and
   `foo/../bar` are invalid).
 
+The root of the tree can be represented by an empty string as `<path>`.
+
 It is recommended that `<path>` always be encoded using UTF-8.
 
 `filedelete`
@@ -879,34 +898,123 @@
 inform the reader when the `checkpoint` has been completed and it
 can safely access the refs that fast-import updated.
 
+`cat-blob`
+~~~~~~~~~~
+Causes fast-import to print a blob to a file descriptor previously
+arranged with the `--cat-blob-fd` argument.  The command otherwise
+has no impact on the current import; its main purpose is to
+retrieve blobs that may be in fast-import's memory but not
+accessible from the target repository.
+
+....
+	'cat-blob' SP <dataref> LF
+....
+
+The `<dataref>` can be either a mark reference (`:<idnum>`)
+set previously or a full 40-byte SHA-1 of a Git blob, preexisting or
+ready to be written.
+
+Output uses the same format as `git cat-file --batch`:
+
+====
+	<sha1> SP 'blob' SP <size> LF
+	<contents> LF
+====
+
+This command can be used anywhere in the stream that comments are
+accepted.  In particular, the `cat-blob` command can be used in the
+middle of a commit but not in the middle of a `data` command.
+
+`ls`
+~~~~
+Prints information about the object at a path to a file descriptor
+previously arranged with the `--cat-blob-fd` argument.  This allows
+printing a blob from the active commit (with `cat-blob`) or copying a
+blob or tree from a previous commit for use in the current one (with
+`filemodify`).
+
+The `ls` command can be used anywhere in the stream that comments are
+accepted, including the middle of a commit.
+
+Reading from the active commit::
+	This form can only be used in the middle of a `commit`.
+	The path names a directory entry within fast-import's
+	active commit.  The path must be quoted in this case.
++
+....
+	'ls' SP <path> LF
+....
+
+Reading from a named tree::
+	The `<dataref>` can be a mark reference (`:<idnum>`) or the
+	full 40-byte SHA-1 of a Git tag, commit, or tree object,
+	preexisting or waiting to be written.
+	The path is relative to the top level of the tree
+	named by `<dataref>`.
++
+....
+	'ls' SP <dataref> SP <path> LF
+....
+
+See `filemodify` above for a detailed description of `<path>`.
+
+Output uses the same format as `git ls-tree <tree> {litdd} <path>`:
+
+====
+	<mode> SP ('blob' | 'tree' | 'commit') SP <dataref> HT <path> LF
+====
+
+The <dataref> represents the blob, tree, or commit object at <path>
+and can be used in later 'cat-blob', 'filemodify', or 'ls' commands.
+
+If there is no file or subtree at that path, 'git fast-import' will
+instead report
+
+====
+	missing SP <path> LF
+====
+
 `feature`
 ~~~~~~~~~
 Require that fast-import supports the specified feature, or abort if
 it does not.
 
 ....
-	'feature' SP <feature> LF
+	'feature' SP <feature> ('=' <argument>)? LF
 ....
 
-The <feature> part of the command may be any string matching
-^[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z-]*$ and should be understood by fast-import.
+The <feature> part of the command may be any one of the following:
 
-Feature work identical as their option counterparts with the
-exception of the import-marks feature, see below.
+date-format::
+export-marks::
+relative-marks::
+no-relative-marks::
+force::
+	Act as though the corresponding command-line option with
+	a leading '--' was passed on the command line
+	(see OPTIONS, above).
 
-The following features are currently supported:
+import-marks::
+	Like --import-marks except in two respects: first, only one
+	"feature import-marks" command is allowed per stream;
+	second, an --import-marks= command-line option overrides
+	any "feature import-marks" command in the stream.
 
-* date-format
-* import-marks
-* export-marks
-* relative-marks
-* no-relative-marks
-* force
+cat-blob::
+ls::
+	Require that the backend support the 'cat-blob' or 'ls' command.
+	Versions of fast-import not supporting the specified command
+	will exit with a message indicating so.
+	This lets the import error out early with a clear message,
+	rather than wasting time on the early part of an import
+	before the unsupported command is detected.
 
-The import-marks behaves differently from when it is specified as
-commandline option in that only one "feature import-marks" is allowed
-per stream. Also, any --import-marks= specified on the commandline
-will override those from the stream (if any).
+notes::
+	Require that the backend support the 'notemodify' (N)
+	subcommand to the 'commit' command.
+	Versions of fast-import not supporting notes will exit
+	with a message indicating so.
+
 
 `option`
 ~~~~~~~~
@@ -933,6 +1041,7 @@
 * date-format
 * import-marks
 * export-marks
+* cat-blob-fd
 * force
 
 Crash Reports
@@ -1233,14 +1342,13 @@
 projects with 2,000+ branches and 45,114+ files in a very limited
 memory footprint (less than 2.7 MiB per active branch).
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>.
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>.
+Signals
+-------
+Sending *SIGUSR1* to the 'git fast-import' process ends the current
+packfile early, simulating a `checkpoint` command.  The impatient
+operator can use this facility to peek at the objects and refs from an
+import in progress, at the cost of some added running time and worse
+compression.
 
 GIT
 ---
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt
index 4a8487c..48d4bf6 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt
@@ -90,15 +90,6 @@
 	$GIT_DIR (e.g. "HEAD", "refs/heads/master").  When
 	unspecified, update from all heads the remote side has.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fetch.txt b/Documentation/git-fetch.txt
index d159e88..60ac8d2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fetch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fetch.txt
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 in `.git/FETCH_HEAD`.  This information is left for a later merge
 operation done by 'git merge'.
 
-When <refspec> stores the fetched result in tracking branches,
+When <refspec> stores the fetched result in remote-tracking branches,
 the tags that point at these branches are automatically
 followed.  This is done by first fetching from the remote using
 the given <refspec>s, and if the repository has objects that are
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 those missing tags.  If the other end has tags that point at
 branches you are not interested in, you will not get them.
 
-'git fetch' can fetch from either a single named repository, or
+'git fetch' can fetch from either a single named repository,
 or from several repositories at once if <group> is given and
 there is a remotes.<group> entry in the configuration file.
 (See linkgit:git-config[1]).
@@ -76,20 +76,19 @@
 because it is prefixed with a plus sign; `tmp` will not be.
 
 
+BUGS
+----
+Using --recurse-submodules can only fetch new commits in already checked
+out submodules right now. When e.g. upstream added a new submodule in the
+just fetched commits of the superproject the submodule itself can not be
+fetched, making it impossible to check out that submodule later without
+having to do a fetch again. This is expected to be fixed in a future git
+version.
+
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-pull[1]
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> and
-Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-Documentation
--------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
index 796e748..9dc1f2a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@
 	'git ls-files -s | sed "s-\t\"*-&newsubdir/-" |
 		GIT_INDEX_FILE=$GIT_INDEX_FILE.new \
 			git update-index --index-info &&
-	 mv $GIT_INDEX_FILE.new $GIT_INDEX_FILE' HEAD
+	 mv "$GIT_INDEX_FILE.new" "$GIT_INDEX_FILE"' HEAD
 ---------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
@@ -405,16 +405,6 @@
   (or if your git-gc is not new enough to support arguments to
   `\--prune`, use `git repack -ad; git prune` instead).
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Petr "Pasky" Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>,
-and the git list <git@vger.kernel.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Petr Baudis and the git list.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt b/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt
index 40dba8c..32aff95 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
 	In addition to branch names, populate the log message with at
 	most the specified number of one-line descriptions from the
 	actual commits that are being merged.  Defaults to false, and
-	true is a synoym for 20.
+	true is a synonym for 20.
 
 merge.summary::
 	Synonym to `merge.log`; this is deprecated and will be removed in
@@ -67,15 +67,6 @@
 --------
 linkgit:git-merge[1]
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Petr Baudis, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
index fac1cf5..152e695 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@
 --------
 
 An example directly producing formatted text.  Show the most recent
-3 tagged commits::
+3 tagged commits:
 
 ------------
 #!/bin/sh
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@
 
 
 A simple example showing the use of shell eval on the output,
-demonstrating the use of --shell.  List the prefixes of all heads::
+demonstrating the use of --shell.  List the prefixes of all heads:
 ------------
 #!/bin/sh
 
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@
 
 
 A bit more elaborate report on tags, demonstrating that the format
-may be an entire script::
+may be an entire script:
 ------------
 #!/bin/sh
 
@@ -204,3 +204,15 @@
 	refs/tags`
 eval "$eval"
 ------------
+
+Author
+------
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>.
+
+Documentation
+-------------
+Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
index 9dcafc6..d13c9b2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 		   [--ignore-if-in-upstream]
 		   [--subject-prefix=Subject-Prefix]
 		   [--to=<email>] [--cc=<email>]
-		   [--cover-letter]
+		   [--cover-letter] [--quiet]
 		   [<common diff options>]
 		   [ <since> | <revision range> ]
 
@@ -196,6 +196,9 @@
 Note that the leading character does not have to be a dot; for example,
 you can use `--suffix=-patch` to get `0001-description-of-my-change-patch`.
 
+--quiet::
+	Do not print the names of the generated files to standard output.
+
 --no-binary::
 	Do not output contents of changes in binary files, instead
 	display a notice that those files changed.  Patches generated
@@ -229,6 +232,233 @@
 ------------
 
 
+DISCUSSION
+----------
+
+The patch produced by 'git format-patch' is in UNIX mailbox format,
+with a fixed "magic" time stamp to indicate that the file is output
+from format-patch rather than a real mailbox, like so:
+
+------------
+From 8f72bad1baf19a53459661343e21d6491c3908d3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
+Date: Tue, 13 Jul 2010 11:42:54 -0700
+Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?[IA64]=20Put=20ia64=20config=20files=20on=20the=20?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?Uwe=20Kleine-K=C3=B6nig=20diet?=
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+
+arch/arm config files were slimmed down using a python script
+(See commit c2330e286f68f1c408b4aa6515ba49d57f05beae comment)
+
+Do the same for ia64 so we can have sleek & trim looking
+...
+------------
+
+Typically it will be placed in a MUA's drafts folder, edited to add
+timely commentary that should not go in the changelog after the three
+dashes, and then sent as a message whose body, in our example, starts
+with "arch/arm config files were...".  On the receiving end, readers
+can save interesting patches in a UNIX mailbox and apply them with
+linkgit:git-am[1].
+
+When a patch is part of an ongoing discussion, the patch generated by
+'git format-patch' can be tweaked to take advantage of the 'git am
+--scissors' feature.  After your response to the discussion comes a
+line that consists solely of "`-- >8 --`" (scissors and perforation),
+followed by the patch with unnecessary header fields removed:
+
+------------
+...
+> So we should do such-and-such.
+
+Makes sense to me.  How about this patch?
+
+-- >8 --
+Subject: [IA64] Put ia64 config files on the Uwe Kleine-König diet
+
+arch/arm config files were slimmed down using a python script
+...
+------------
+
+When sending a patch this way, most often you are sending your own
+patch, so in addition to the "`From $SHA1 $magic_timestamp`" marker you
+should omit `From:` and `Date:` lines from the patch file.  The patch
+title is likely to be different from the subject of the discussion the
+patch is in response to, so it is likely that you would want to keep
+the Subject: line, like the example above.
+
+Checking for patch corruption
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Many mailers if not set up properly will corrupt whitespace.  Here are
+two common types of corruption:
+
+* Empty context lines that do not have _any_ whitespace.
+
+* Non-empty context lines that have one extra whitespace at the
+  beginning.
+
+One way to test if your MUA is set up correctly is:
+
+* Send the patch to yourself, exactly the way you would, except
+  with To: and Cc: lines that do not contain the list and
+  maintainer address.
+
+* Save that patch to a file in UNIX mailbox format.  Call it a.patch,
+  say.
+
+* Apply it:
+
+    $ git fetch <project> master:test-apply
+    $ git checkout test-apply
+    $ git reset --hard
+    $ git am a.patch
+
+If it does not apply correctly, there can be various reasons.
+
+* The patch itself does not apply cleanly.  That is _bad_ but
+  does not have much to do with your MUA.  You might want to rebase
+  the patch with linkgit:git-rebase[1] before regenerating it in
+  this case.
+
+* The MUA corrupted your patch; "am" would complain that
+  the patch does not apply.  Look in the .git/rebase-apply/ subdirectory and
+  see what 'patch' file contains and check for the common
+  corruption patterns mentioned above.
+
+* While at it, check the 'info' and 'final-commit' files as well.
+  If what is in 'final-commit' is not exactly what you would want to
+  see in the commit log message, it is very likely that the
+  receiver would end up hand editing the log message when applying
+  your patch.  Things like "Hi, this is my first patch.\n" in the
+  patch e-mail should come after the three-dash line that signals
+  the end of the commit message.
+
+MUA-SPECIFIC HINTS
+------------------
+Here are some hints on how to successfully submit patches inline using
+various mailers.
+
+GMail
+~~~~~
+GMail does not have any way to turn off line wrapping in the web
+interface, so it will mangle any emails that you send.  You can however
+use "git send-email" and send your patches through the GMail SMTP server, or
+use any IMAP email client to connect to the google IMAP server and forward
+the emails through that.
+
+For hints on using 'git send-email' to send your patches through the
+GMail SMTP server, see the EXAMPLE section of linkgit:git-send-email[1].
+
+For hints on submission using the IMAP interface, see the EXAMPLE
+section of linkgit:git-imap-send[1].
+
+Thunderbird
+~~~~~~~~~~~
+By default, Thunderbird will both wrap emails as well as flag
+them as being 'format=flowed', both of which will make the
+resulting email unusable by git.
+
+There are three different approaches: use an add-on to turn off line wraps,
+configure Thunderbird to not mangle patches, or use
+an external editor to keep Thunderbird from mangling the patches.
+
+Approach #1 (add-on)
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Install the Toggle Word Wrap add-on that is available from
+https://addons.mozilla.org/thunderbird/addon/toggle-word-wrap/
+It adds a menu entry "Enable Word Wrap" in the composer's "Options" menu
+that you can tick off. Now you can compose the message as you otherwise do
+(cut + paste, 'git format-patch' | 'git imap-send', etc), but you have to
+insert line breaks manually in any text that you type.
+
+Approach #2 (configuration)
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+Three steps:
+
+1. Configure your mail server composition as plain text:
+   Edit...Account Settings...Composition & Addressing,
+   uncheck "Compose Messages in HTML".
+
+2. Configure your general composition window to not wrap.
++
+In Thunderbird 2:
+Edit..Preferences..Composition, wrap plain text messages at 0
++
+In Thunderbird 3:
+Edit..Preferences..Advanced..Config Editor.  Search for
+"mail.wrap_long_lines".
+Toggle it to make sure it is set to `false`.
+
+3. Disable the use of format=flowed:
+Edit..Preferences..Advanced..Config Editor.  Search for
+"mailnews.send_plaintext_flowed".
+Toggle it to make sure it is set to `false`.
+
+After that is done, you should be able to compose email as you
+otherwise would (cut + paste, 'git format-patch' | 'git imap-send', etc),
+and the patches will not be mangled.
+
+Approach #3 (external editor)
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+The following Thunderbird extensions are needed:
+AboutConfig from http://aboutconfig.mozdev.org/ and
+External Editor from http://globs.org/articles.php?lng=en&pg=8
+
+1. Prepare the patch as a text file using your method of choice.
+
+2. Before opening a compose window, use Edit->Account Settings to
+   uncheck the "Compose messages in HTML format" setting in the
+   "Composition & Addressing" panel of the account to be used to
+   send the patch.
+
+3. In the main Thunderbird window, 'before' you open the compose
+   window for the patch, use Tools->about:config to set the
+   following to the indicated values:
++
+----------
+	mailnews.send_plaintext_flowed  => false
+	mailnews.wraplength             => 0
+----------
+
+4. Open a compose window and click the external editor icon.
+
+5. In the external editor window, read in the patch file and exit
+   the editor normally.
+
+Side note: it may be possible to do step 2 with
+about:config and the following settings but no one's tried yet.
+
+----------
+	mail.html_compose                       => false
+	mail.identity.default.compose_html      => false
+	mail.identity.id?.compose_html          => false
+----------
+
+There is a script in contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline which can help
+you include patches with Thunderbird in an easy way. To use it, do the
+steps above and then use the script as the external editor.
+
+KMail
+~~~~~
+This should help you to submit patches inline using KMail.
+
+1. Prepare the patch as a text file.
+
+2. Click on New Mail.
+
+3. Go under "Options" in the Composer window and be sure that
+   "Word wrap" is not set.
+
+4. Use Message -> Insert file... and insert the patch.
+
+5. Back in the compose window: add whatever other text you wish to the
+   message, complete the addressing and subject fields, and press send.
+
+
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 
@@ -278,15 +508,6 @@
 --------
 linkgit:git-am[1], linkgit:git-send-email[1]
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fsck-objects.txt b/Documentation/git-fsck-objects.txt
index 965a827..90ebb8a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fsck-objects.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fsck-objects.txt
@@ -15,3 +15,7 @@
 
 This is a synonym for linkgit:git-fsck[1].  Please refer to the
 documentation of that command.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fsck.txt b/Documentation/git-fsck.txt
index 3ad48a6..a2a508d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fsck.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fsck.txt
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 --no-reflogs is given) as heads.
 
 --unreachable::
-	Print out objects that exist but that aren't readable from any
+	Print out objects that exist but that aren't reachable from any
 	of the reference nodes.
 
 --root::
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
 the resulting reachability and everything else. It prints out any
 corruption it finds (missing or bad objects), and if you use the
 '--unreachable' flag it will also print out objects that exist but
-that aren't readable from any of the specified head nodes.
+that aren't reachable from any of the specified head nodes.
 
 So for example
 
@@ -123,9 +123,6 @@
 	The <type> object <object>, is present in the database but never
 	'directly' used. A dangling commit could be a root node.
 
-warning: git-fsck: tree <tree> has full pathnames in it::
-	And it shouldn't...
-
 sha1 mismatch <object>::
 	The database has an object who's sha1 doesn't match the
 	database value.
@@ -143,14 +140,6 @@
 GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES::
 	used to specify additional object database roots (usually unset)
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-gc.txt b/Documentation/git-gc.txt
index 315f07e..4966cb5 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-gc.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-gc.txt
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@
 them sooner.  This option defaults to '30 days'.
 
 The above two configuration variables can be given to a pattern.  For
-example, this sets non-default expiry values only to remote tracking
+example, this sets non-default expiry values only to remote-tracking
 branches:
 
 ------------
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
 kept.  This defaults to 15 days.
 
 The optional configuration variable 'gc.packrefs' determines if
-'git gc' runs 'git pack-refs'. This can be set to "nobare" to enable
+'git gc' runs 'git pack-refs'. This can be set to "notbare" to enable
 it within all non-bare repos or it can be set to a boolean value.
 This defaults to true.
 
@@ -128,8 +128,8 @@
 
 'git gc' tries very hard to be safe about the garbage it collects. In
 particular, it will keep not only objects referenced by your current set
-of branches and tags, but also objects referenced by the index, remote
-tracking branches, refs saved by 'git filter-branch' in
+of branches and tags, but also objects referenced by the index,
+remote-tracking branches, refs saved by 'git filter-branch' in
 refs/original/, or reflogs (which may reference commits in branches
 that were later amended or rewound).
 
@@ -151,10 +151,6 @@
 linkgit:git-repack[1]
 linkgit:git-rerere[1]
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-get-tar-commit-id.txt b/Documentation/git-get-tar-commit-id.txt
index 790af95..8035736 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-get-tar-commit-id.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-get-tar-commit-id.txt
@@ -22,15 +22,6 @@
 using 'git archive' or if the first parameter of 'git archive' had been
 a tree ID instead of a commit ID or tag.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Rene Scharfe <rene.scharfe@lsrfire.ath.cx>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-grep.txt b/Documentation/git-grep.txt
index dab0a78..d7523b3 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-grep.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-grep.txt
@@ -31,6 +31,16 @@
 registered in the index file, or blobs in given tree objects.
 
 
+CONFIGURATION
+-------------
+
+grep.lineNumber::
+	If set to true, enable '-n' option by default.
+
+grep.extendedRegexp::
+	If set to true, enable '--extended-regexp' option by default.
+
+
 OPTIONS
 -------
 --cached::
@@ -93,6 +103,7 @@
 	as a regex).
 
 -n::
+--line-number::
 	Prefix the line number to matching lines.
 
 -l::
@@ -203,16 +214,6 @@
 	Looks for a line that has `NODE` or `Unexpected` in
 	files that have lines that match both.
 
-Author
-------
-Originally written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>, later
-revamped by Junio C Hamano.
-
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-gui.txt b/Documentation/git-gui.txt
index 2563710..32a833e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-gui.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-gui.txt
@@ -121,14 +121,6 @@
 
 or browsed online at http://repo.or.cz/w/git-gui.git/[].
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>.
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-hash-object.txt b/Documentation/git-hash-object.txt
index 51edeec..4b0a502 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-hash-object.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-hash-object.txt
@@ -53,14 +53,6 @@
 	conversion. If the file is read from standard input then this
 	is always implied, unless the --path option is given.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-help.txt b/Documentation/git-help.txt
index eccd0ff..42aa2b0 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-help.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-help.txt
@@ -171,17 +171,6 @@
 as they are probably more user specific than repository specific.
 See linkgit:git-config[1] for more information about this.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> and the git-list
-<git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
-Documentation
--------------
-Initial documentation was part of the linkgit:git[1] man page.
-Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org> extracted and rewrote it a
-little. Maintenance is done by the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-http-fetch.txt b/Documentation/git-http-fetch.txt
index d91cb7f..fefa752 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-http-fetch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-http-fetch.txt
@@ -43,14 +43,6 @@
 	Verify that everything reachable from target is fetched.  Used after
 	an earlier fetch is interrupted.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-http-push.txt b/Documentation/git-http-push.txt
index ddf7a18..82ae34b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-http-push.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-http-push.txt
@@ -91,15 +91,6 @@
 Optionally, a <ref> parameter can be prefixed with a plus '+' sign
 to disable the fast-forward check only on that ref.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Nick Hengeveld <nickh@reactrix.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Nick Hengeveld
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt b/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt
index 57aba42..4e09708 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt
@@ -111,6 +111,31 @@
 ..........................
 
 
+EXAMPLE
+-------
+To submit patches using GMail's IMAP interface, first, edit your ~/.gitconfig
+to specify your account settings:
+
+---------
+[imap]
+	folder = "[Gmail]/Drafts"
+	host = imaps://imap.gmail.com
+	user = user@gmail.com
+	port = 993
+	sslverify = false
+---------
+
+You might need to instead use: folder = "[Google Mail]/Drafts" if you get an error
+that the "Folder doesn't exist".
+
+Once the commits are ready to be sent, run the following command:
+
+  $ git format-patch --cover-letter -M --stdout origin/master | git imap-send
+
+Just make sure to disable line wrapping in the email client (GMail's web
+interface will wrap lines no matter what, so you need to use a real
+IMAP client).
+
 CAUTION
 -------
 It is still your responsibility to make sure that the email message
@@ -124,13 +149,9 @@
 users may wish to visit this web page for more information:
   http://kb.mozillazine.org/Plain_text_e-mail_-_Thunderbird#Completely_plain_email
 
-Author
-------
-Derived from isync 1.0.1 by Mike McCormack.
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Mike McCormack
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:git-format-patch[1], linkgit:git-send-email[1], mbox(5)
 
 GIT
 ---
diff --git a/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt
index c2bb810..909687f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt
@@ -85,15 +85,6 @@
 .keep file used as a lock to prevent the race with 'git repack'
 mentioned above.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Sergey Vlasov <vsu@altlinux.ru>
-
-Documentation
--------------
-Documentation by Sergey Vlasov
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-init-db.txt b/Documentation/git-init-db.txt
index eba3cb4..9f97f5a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-init-db.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-init-db.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git init-db' [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template_directory>] [--shared[=<permissions>]]
+'git init-db' [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template_directory>] [--separate-git-dir <git dir>] [--shared[=<permissions>]]
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -16,3 +16,7 @@
 
 This is a synonym for linkgit:git-init[1].  Please refer to the
 documentation of that command.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-init.txt b/Documentation/git-init.txt
index 00d4a12..f2777a7 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-init.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-init.txt
@@ -8,9 +8,32 @@
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git init' [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template_directory>] [--shared[=<permissions>]] [directory]
+'git init' [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template_directory>]
+	  [--separate-git-dir <git dir>]
+	  [--shared[=<permissions>]] [directory]
 
 
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+This command creates an empty git repository - basically a `.git`
+directory with subdirectories for `objects`, `refs/heads`,
+`refs/tags`, and template files.  An initial `HEAD` file that
+references the HEAD of the master branch is also created.
+
+If the `$GIT_DIR` environment variable is set then it specifies a path
+to use instead of `./.git` for the base of the repository.
+
+If the object storage directory is specified via the
+`$GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY` environment variable then the sha1 directories
+are created underneath - otherwise the default `$GIT_DIR/objects`
+directory is used.
+
+Running 'git init' in an existing repository is safe. It will not
+overwrite things that are already there. The primary reason for
+rerunning 'git init' is to pick up newly added templates (or to move
+the repository to another place if --separate-git-dir is given).
+
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
@@ -31,6 +54,15 @@
 Specify the directory from which templates will be used.  (See the "TEMPLATE
 DIRECTORY" section below.)
 
+--separate-git-dir=<git dir>::
+
+Instead of initializing the repository where it is supposed to be,
+place a filesytem-agnostic git symbolic link there, pointing to the
+specified git path, and initialize a git repository at the path. The
+result is git repository can be separated from working tree. If this
+is reinitialization, the repository will be moved to the specified
+path.
+
 --shared[=(false|true|umask|group|all|world|everybody|0xxx)]::
 
 Specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users.  This
@@ -74,32 +106,6 @@
 --
 
 
-DESCRIPTION
------------
-This command creates an empty git repository - basically a `.git` directory
-with subdirectories for `objects`, `refs/heads`, `refs/tags`, and
-template files.
-An initial `HEAD` file that references the HEAD of the master branch
-is also created.
-
-If the `$GIT_DIR` environment variable is set then it specifies a path
-to use instead of `./.git` for the base of the repository.
-
-If the object storage directory is specified via the `$GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY`
-environment variable then the sha1 directories are created underneath -
-otherwise the default `$GIT_DIR/objects` directory is used.
-
-Running 'git init' in an existing repository is safe. It will not overwrite
-things that are already there. The primary reason for rerunning 'git init'
-is to pick up newly added templates.
-
-Note that 'git init' is the same as 'git init-db'.  The command
-was primarily meant to initialize the object database, but over
-time it has become responsible for setting up the other aspects
-of the repository, such as installing the default hooks and
-setting the configuration variables.  The old name is retained
-for backward compatibility reasons.
-
 TEMPLATE DIRECTORY
 ------------------
 
@@ -134,15 +140,6 @@
 <1> prepare /path/to/my/codebase/.git directory
 <2> add all existing file to the index
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt b/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt
index 7477ce8..08f85ba 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt
@@ -84,14 +84,6 @@
 'web.browser' will be used instead if it is defined. See
 linkgit:git-web{litdd}browse[1] for more information about this.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Eric Wong <normalperson@yhbt.net>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Eric Wong <normalperson@yhbt.net>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-log.txt b/Documentation/git-log.txt
index 6d40f00..2c84028 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-log.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-log.txt
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 
 -<n>::
 	Limits the number of commits to show.
+	Note that this is a commit limiting option, see below.
 
 <since>..<until>::
 	Show only commits between the named two commits.  When
@@ -72,16 +73,16 @@
 	to be prefixed with "\-- " to separate them from options or
 	refnames.
 
-Common diff options
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-:git-log: 1
-include::diff-options.txt[]
-
 include::rev-list-options.txt[]
 
 include::pretty-formats.txt[]
 
+Common diff options
+-------------------
+
+:git-log: 1
+include::diff-options.txt[]
+
 include::diff-generate-patch.txt[]
 
 Examples
@@ -116,7 +117,7 @@
 git log --branches --not --remotes=origin::
 
 	Shows all commits that are in any of local branches but not in
-	any of remote tracking branches for 'origin' (what you have that
+	any of remote-tracking branches for 'origin' (what you have that
 	origin doesn't).
 
 git log master --not --remotes=*/master::
@@ -181,14 +182,6 @@
 overridden by the 'GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF' environment variable,
 and supplemented by the `--show-notes` option.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-lost-found.txt b/Documentation/git-lost-found.txt
index 602b8d5..adf7e1c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-lost-found.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-lost-found.txt
@@ -67,15 +67,6 @@
 1ef2b196d909eed523d4f3c9bf54b78cdd6843c6
 ------------
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt b/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt
index 86abd13..4b28292 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt
@@ -209,15 +209,6 @@
 --------
 linkgit:git-read-tree[1], linkgit:gitignore[5]
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano, Josh Triplett, and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-ls-remote.txt b/Documentation/git-ls-remote.txt
index abe7bf9..c3df8c0 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-ls-remote.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-ls-remote.txt
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 --------
 [verse]
 'git ls-remote' [--heads] [--tags]  [-u <exec> | --upload-pack <exec>]
-	      <repository> <refs>...
+	      <repository> [<refs>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -67,10 +67,6 @@
 	c5db5456ae3b0873fc659c19fafdde22313cc441	refs/tags/v0.99.2
 	7ceca275d047c90c0c7d5afb13ab97efdf51bd6e	refs/tags/v0.99.3
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt
index 76ed625..16e87fd 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt
@@ -95,18 +95,6 @@
 with minimum width of 7 characters.  Object size is given only for blobs
 (file) entries; for other entries `-` character is used in place of size.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
-Completely rewritten from scratch by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>,
-another major rewrite by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list
-<git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt b/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt
index 3ea5aad..ed45662 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt
@@ -80,17 +80,6 @@
 <patch>::
 	The patch extracted from e-mail.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> and
-Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mailsplit.txt b/Documentation/git-mailsplit.txt
index 71912a1..9b2049d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mailsplit.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mailsplit.txt
@@ -46,16 +46,6 @@
 --keep-cr::
 	Do not remove `\r` from lines ending with `\r\n`.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-and Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt b/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt
index eedef1b..b295bf8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git merge-base' [-a|--all] [--octopus] <commit> <commit>...
+'git merge-base' [-a|--all] <commit> <commit>...
+'git merge-base' [-a|--all] --octopus <commit>...
 'git merge-base' --independent <commit>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -22,23 +23,21 @@
 ancestor', i.e. a 'merge base'.  Note that there can be more than one
 merge base for a pair of commits.
 
-Unless `--octopus` is given, among the two commits to compute the merge
-base from, one is specified by the first commit argument on the command
-line; the other commit is a (possibly hypothetical) commit that is a merge
-across all the remaining commits on the command line.  As the most common
-special case, specifying only two commits on the command line means
-computing the merge base between the given two commits.
+OPERATION MODE
+--------------
+
+As the most common special case, specifying only two commits on the
+command line means computing the merge base between the given two commits.
+
+More generally, among the two commits to compute the merge base from,
+one is specified by the first commit argument on the command line;
+the other commit is a (possibly hypothetical) commit that is a merge
+across all the remaining commits on the command line.
 
 As a consequence, the 'merge base' is not necessarily contained in each of the
 commit arguments if more than two commits are specified. This is different
 from linkgit:git-show-branch[1] when used with the `--merge-base` option.
 
-OPTIONS
--------
--a::
---all::
-	Output all merge bases for the commits, instead of just one.
-
 --octopus::
 	Compute the best common ancestors of all supplied commits,
 	in preparation for an n-way merge.  This mimics the behavior
@@ -51,6 +50,12 @@
 	from any other.  This mimics the behavior of 'git show-branch
 	--independent'.
 
+OPTIONS
+-------
+-a::
+--all::
+	Output all merge bases for the commits, instead of just one.
+
 DISCUSSION
 ----------
 
@@ -89,6 +94,9 @@
 common ancestor between 'A' and 'M', but '1' is a better common ancestor,
 because '2' is an ancestor of '1'.  Hence, '2' is not a merge base.
 
+The result of `git merge-base --octopus A B C` is '2', because '2' is
+the best common ancestor of all commits.
+
 When the history involves criss-cross merges, there can be more than one
 'best' common ancestor for two commits.  For example, with this topology:
 
@@ -102,14 +110,6 @@
 the other (both are 'best' merge bases).  When the `--all` option is not given,
 it is unspecified which best one is output.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 See also
 --------
 linkgit:git-rev-list[1],
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt b/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt
index f334d69..635c669 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt
@@ -86,17 +86,6 @@
 	merges tmp/a123 and tmp/c345 with the base tmp/b234, but uses labels
 	`a` and `c` instead of `tmp/a123` and `tmp/c345`.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
-
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Johannes Schindelin and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>,
-with parts copied from the original documentation of RCS 'merge'.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge-index.txt b/Documentation/git-merge-index.txt
index 921b38f..6ce5467 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge-index.txt
@@ -73,15 +73,6 @@
 for the AA file, because it didn't exist in the original, and thus
 'git merge-index' didn't even try to merge the MM thing).
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-One-shot merge by Petr Baudis <pasky@ucw.cz>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge-one-file.txt b/Documentation/git-merge-one-file.txt
index a163cfc..ee059de 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge-one-file.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge-one-file.txt
@@ -15,15 +15,6 @@
 This is the standard helper program to use with 'git merge-index'
 to resolve a merge after the trivial merge done with 'git read-tree -m'.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>,
-Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> and Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>.
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-merge-tree.txt
index f869a7f..3bfa7b4 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge-tree.txt
@@ -23,14 +23,6 @@
 index.  For this reason, the output from the command omits
 entries that match the <branch1> tree.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge.txt b/Documentation/git-merge.txt
index 84043cc..e2e6aba 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge.txt
@@ -11,8 +11,9 @@
 [verse]
 'git merge' [-n] [--stat] [--no-commit] [--squash]
 	[-s <strategy>] [-X <strategy-option>]
-	[--[no-]rerere-autoupdate] [-m <msg>] <commit>...
+	[--[no-]rerere-autoupdate] [-m <msg>] [<commit>...]
 'git merge' <msg> HEAD <commit>...
+'git merge' --abort
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -47,6 +48,14 @@
 historical reasons.  Do not use it from the command line or in
 new scripts.  It is the same as `git merge -m <msg> <commit>...`.
 
+The third syntax ("`git merge --abort`") can only be run after the
+merge has resulted in conflicts. 'git merge --abort' will abort the
+merge process and try to reconstruct the pre-merge state. However,
+if there were uncommitted changes when the merge started (and
+especially if those changes were further modified after the merge
+was started), 'git merge --abort' will in some cases be unable to
+reconstruct the original (pre-merge) changes. Therefore:
+
 *Warning*: Running 'git merge' with uncommitted changes is
 discouraged: while possible, it leaves you in a state that is hard to
 back out of in the case of a conflict.
@@ -59,23 +68,40 @@
 -m <msg>::
 	Set the commit message to be used for the merge commit (in
 	case one is created).
-
-	If `--log` is specified, a shortlog of the commits being merged
-	will be appended to the specified message.
-
-	The 'git fmt-merge-msg' command can be
-	used to give a good default for automated 'git merge'
-	invocations.
++
+If `--log` is specified, a shortlog of the commits being merged
+will be appended to the specified message.
++
+The 'git fmt-merge-msg' command can be
+used to give a good default for automated 'git merge'
+invocations.
 
 --rerere-autoupdate::
 --no-rerere-autoupdate::
 	Allow the rerere mechanism to update the index with the
 	result of auto-conflict resolution if possible.
 
+--abort::
+	Abort the current conflict resolution process, and
+	try to reconstruct the pre-merge state.
++
+If there were uncommitted worktree changes present when the merge
+started, 'git merge --abort' will in some cases be unable to
+reconstruct these changes. It is therefore recommended to always
+commit or stash your changes before running 'git merge'.
++
+'git merge --abort' is equivalent to 'git reset --merge' when
+`MERGE_HEAD` is present.
+
 <commit>...::
 	Commits, usually other branch heads, to merge into our branch.
-	You need at least one <commit>.  Specifying more than one
-	<commit> obviously means you are trying an Octopus.
+	Specifying more than one commit will create a merge with
+	more than two parents (affectionately called an Octopus merge).
++
+If no commit is given from the command line, and if `merge.defaultToUpstream`
+configuration variable is set, merge the remote tracking branches
+that the current branch is configured to use as its upstream.
+See also the configuration section of this manual page.
 
 
 PRE-MERGE CHECKS
@@ -142,7 +168,7 @@
    i.e. matching `HEAD`.
 
 If you tried a merge which resulted in complex conflicts and
-want to start over, you can recover with `git reset --merge`.
+want to start over, you can recover with `git merge --abort`.
 
 HOW CONFLICTS ARE PRESENTED
 ---------------------------
@@ -213,8 +239,8 @@
 
  * Decide not to merge.  The only clean-ups you need are to reset
    the index file to the `HEAD` commit to reverse 2. and to clean
-   up working tree changes made by 2. and 3.; `git-reset --hard` can
-   be used for this.
+   up working tree changes made by 2. and 3.; `git merge --abort`
+   can be used for this.
 
  * Resolve the conflicts.  Git will mark the conflicts in
    the working tree.  Edit the files into shape and
@@ -291,15 +317,6 @@
 linkgit:git-add[1], linkgit:git-rm[1],
 linkgit:git-mergetool[1]
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mergetool--lib.txt b/Documentation/git-mergetool--lib.txt
index d8df553..63edede 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mergetool--lib.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mergetool--lib.txt
@@ -41,14 +41,6 @@
 	'$MERGED', '$LOCAL', '$REMOTE', and '$BASE' must be defined
 	for use by the merge tool.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by David Aguilar <davvid@gmail.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Aguilar and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt b/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt
index 1f75a84..8c79ae8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@
 --tool=<tool>::
 	Use the merge resolution program specified by <tool>.
 	Valid merge tools are:
-	kdiff3, tkdiff, meld, xxdiff, emerge, vimdiff, gvimdiff, ecmerge,
-	diffuse, tortoisemerge, opendiff, p4merge and araxis.
+	araxis, bc3, diffuse, ecmerge, emerge, gvimdiff, kdiff3,
+	meld, opendiff, p4merge, tkdiff, tortoisemerge, vimdiff and xxdiff.
 +
 If a merge resolution program is not specified, 'git mergetool'
 will use the configuration variable `merge.tool`.  If the
@@ -82,14 +82,6 @@
 causes `git mergetool` to automatically remove the backup as files
 are successfully merged.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Theodore Y Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Theodore Y Ts'o.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mktag.txt b/Documentation/git-mktag.txt
index 8bcc114..037ab10 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mktag.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mktag.txt
@@ -32,15 +32,6 @@
 message part may contain a signature that git itself doesn't
 care about, but that can be verified with gpg.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mktree.txt b/Documentation/git-mktree.txt
index 81e3326..afe21be 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mktree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mktree.txt
@@ -34,14 +34,6 @@
 	optional.  Note - if the '-z' option is used, lines are terminated
 	with NUL.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mv.txt b/Documentation/git-mv.txt
index bdcb585..db0e030 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mv.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mv.txt
@@ -39,17 +39,6 @@
 --dry-run::
 	Do nothing; only show what would happen
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-Rewritten by Ryan Anderson <ryan@michonline.com>
-Move functionality added by Josef Weidendorfer <Josef.Weidendorfer@gmx.de>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt b/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt
index 2108237..ad1d146 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt
@@ -70,15 +70,6 @@
 % git log | git name-rev --stdin
 ------------
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Johannes Schindelin <Johannes.Schindelin@gmx.de>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Johannes Schindelin.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-notes.txt b/Documentation/git-notes.txt
index 2981d8c..296f314 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-notes.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-notes.txt
@@ -14,8 +14,12 @@
 'git notes' append [-F <file> | -m <msg> | (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]
 'git notes' edit [<object>]
 'git notes' show [<object>]
+'git notes' merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy> ] <notes_ref>
+'git notes' merge --commit [-v | -q]
+'git notes' merge --abort [-v | -q]
 'git notes' remove [<object>]
 'git notes' prune [-n | -v]
+'git notes' get-ref
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -83,6 +87,21 @@
 show::
 	Show the notes for a given object (defaults to HEAD).
 
+merge::
+	Merge the given notes ref into the current notes ref.
+	This will try to merge the changes made by the given
+	notes ref (called "remote") since the merge-base (if
+	any) into the current notes ref (called "local").
++
+If conflicts arise and a strategy for automatically resolving
+conflicting notes (see the -s/--strategy option) is not given,
+the "manual" resolver is used. This resolver checks out the
+conflicting notes in a special worktree (`.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE`),
+and instructs the user to manually resolve the conflicts there.
+When done, the user can either finalize the merge with
+'git notes merge --commit', or abort the merge with
+'git notes merge --abort'.
+
 remove::
 	Remove the notes for a given object (defaults to HEAD).
 	This is equivalent to specifying an empty note message to
@@ -91,6 +110,10 @@
 prune::
 	Remove all notes for non-existing/unreachable objects.
 
+get-ref::
+	Print the current notes ref. This provides an easy way to
+	retrieve the current notes ref (e.g. from scripts).
+
 OPTIONS
 -------
 -f::
@@ -133,9 +156,37 @@
 	Do not remove anything; just report the object names whose notes
 	would be removed.
 
+-s <strategy>::
+--strategy=<strategy>::
+	When merging notes, resolve notes conflicts using the given
+	strategy. The following strategies are recognized: "manual"
+	(default), "ours", "theirs", "union" and "cat_sort_uniq".
+	See the "NOTES MERGE STRATEGIES" section below for more
+	information on each notes merge strategy.
+
+--commit::
+	Finalize an in-progress 'git notes merge'. Use this option
+	when you have resolved the conflicts that 'git notes merge'
+	stored in .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE. This amends the partial
+	merge commit created by 'git notes merge' (stored in
+	.git/NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL) by adding the notes in
+	.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE. The notes ref stored in the
+	.git/NOTES_MERGE_REF symref is updated to the resulting commit.
+
+--abort::
+	Abort/reset a in-progress 'git notes merge', i.e. a notes merge
+	with conflicts. This simply removes all files related to the
+	notes merge.
+
+-q::
+--quiet::
+	When merging notes, operate quietly.
+
 -v::
 --verbose::
-	Report all object names whose notes are removed.
+	When merging notes, be more verbose.
+	When pruning notes, report all object names whose notes are
+	removed.
 
 
 DISCUSSION
@@ -163,6 +214,38 @@
 `git log -p -g <refname>`.
 
 
+NOTES MERGE STRATEGIES
+----------------------
+
+The default notes merge strategy is "manual", which checks out
+conflicting notes in a special work tree for resolving notes conflicts
+(`.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE`), and instructs the user to resolve the
+conflicts in that work tree.
+When done, the user can either finalize the merge with
+'git notes merge --commit', or abort the merge with
+'git notes merge --abort'.
+
+"ours" automatically resolves conflicting notes in favor of the local
+version (i.e. the current notes ref).
+
+"theirs" automatically resolves notes conflicts in favor of the remote
+version (i.e. the given notes ref being merged into the current notes
+ref).
+
+"union" automatically resolves notes conflicts by concatenating the
+local and remote versions.
+
+"cat_sort_uniq" is similar to "union", but in addition to concatenating
+the local and remote versions, this strategy also sorts the resulting
+lines, and removes duplicate lines from the result. This is equivalent
+to applying the "cat | sort | uniq" shell pipeline to the local and
+remote versions. This strategy is useful if the notes follow a line-based
+format where one wants to avoid duplicated lines in the merge result.
+Note that if either the local or remote version contain duplicate lines
+prior to the merge, these will also be removed by this notes merge
+strategy.
+
+
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
index 65eff66..20c8551 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
 
 --honor-pack-keep::
 	This flag causes an object already in a local pack that
-	has a .keep file to be ignored, even if it it would have
+	has a .keep file to be ignored, even if it would have
 	otherwise been packed.
 
 --incremental::
@@ -190,15 +190,20 @@
 (see linkgit:git-index-pack[1]) to restore the self-contained property.
 
 --delta-base-offset::
-	A packed archive can express base object of a delta as
-	either 20-byte object name or as an offset in the
-	stream, but older version of git does not understand the
+	A packed archive can express the base object of a delta as
+	either a 20-byte object name or as an offset in the
+	stream, but ancient versions of git don't understand the
 	latter.  By default, 'git pack-objects' only uses the
 	former format for better compatibility.  This option
 	allows the command to use the latter format for
 	compactness.  Depending on the average delta chain
 	length, this option typically shrinks the resulting
 	packfile by 3-5 per-cent.
++
+Note: Porcelain commands such as `git gc` (see linkgit:git-gc[1]),
+`git repack` (see linkgit:git-repack[1]) pass this option by default
+in modern git when they put objects in your repository into pack files.
+So does `git bundle` (see linkgit:git-bundle[1]) when it creates a bundle.
 
 --threads=<n>::
 	Specifies the number of threads to spawn when searching for best
@@ -219,15 +224,6 @@
 	With this option, parents that are hidden by grafts are packed
 	nevertheless.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
--------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano
-
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-rev-list[1]
diff --git a/Documentation/git-pack-redundant.txt b/Documentation/git-pack-redundant.txt
index d060787..db9f0f7 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-pack-redundant.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-pack-redundant.txt
@@ -38,14 +38,6 @@
 --verbose::
 	Outputs some statistics to stderr. Has a small performance penalty.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Lukas Sandström <lukass@etek.chalmers.se>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Lukas Sandström <lukass@etek.chalmers.se>
-
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-pack-objects[1]
diff --git a/Documentation/git-pack-refs.txt b/Documentation/git-pack-refs.txt
index 1ee99c2..54b9253 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-pack-refs.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-pack-refs.txt
@@ -56,11 +56,6 @@
 The command usually removes loose refs under `$GIT_DIR/refs`
 hierarchy after packing them.  This option tells it not to.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-parse-remote.txt b/Documentation/git-parse-remote.txt
index 39d9daa..02217f6 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-parse-remote.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-parse-remote.txt
@@ -17,14 +17,6 @@
 $GIT_DIR/branches/ and configuration variables that are related
 to fetching, pulling and pushing.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano.
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-patch-id.txt b/Documentation/git-patch-id.txt
index 4dae139..50e26f4 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-patch-id.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-patch-id.txt
@@ -29,14 +29,6 @@
 <patch>::
 	The diff to create the ID of.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-peek-remote.txt b/Documentation/git-peek-remote.txt
index 87dacd7..a34d62f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-peek-remote.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-peek-remote.txt
@@ -37,14 +37,6 @@
 	The repository to sync from.
 
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-prune-packed.txt b/Documentation/git-prune-packed.txt
index abfc6b6..9e6202c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-prune-packed.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-prune-packed.txt
@@ -36,14 +36,6 @@
 --quiet::
 	Squelch the progress indicator.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Ryan Anderson <ryan@michonline.com>
-
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-pack-objects[1]
diff --git a/Documentation/git-prune.txt b/Documentation/git-prune.txt
index 4d673a5..f616a73 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-prune.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-prune.txt
@@ -78,14 +78,6 @@
 linkgit:git-gc[1],
 linkgit:git-reflog[1]
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-pull.txt b/Documentation/git-pull.txt
index c50f7dc..14609cb 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-pull.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-pull.txt
@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@
 <repository> should be the name of a remote repository as
 passed to linkgit:git-fetch[1].  <refspec> can name an
 arbitrary remote ref (for example, the name of a tag) or even
-a collection of refs with corresponding remote tracking branches
-(e.g., refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*), but usually it is
-the name of a branch in the remote repository.
+a collection of refs with corresponding remote-tracking branches
+(e.g., refs/heads/{asterisk}:refs/remotes/origin/{asterisk}),
+but usually it is the name of a branch in the remote repository.
 
 Default values for <repository> and <branch> are read from the
 "remote" and "merge" configuration for the current branch
@@ -84,6 +84,15 @@
 --verbose::
 	Pass --verbose to git-fetch and git-merge.
 
+--[no-]recurse-submodules[=yes|on-demand|no]::
+	This option controls if new commits of all populated submodules should
+	be fetched too (see linkgit:git-config[1] and linkgit:gitmodules[5]).
+	That might be necessary to get the data needed for merging submodule
+	commits, a feature git learned in 1.7.3. Notice that the result of a
+	merge will not be checked out in the submodule, "git submodule update"
+	has to be called afterwards to bring the work tree up to date with the
+	merge result.
+
 Options related to merging
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
@@ -92,12 +101,15 @@
 :git-pull: 1
 
 --rebase::
-	Instead of a merge, perform a rebase after fetching.  If
-	there is a remote ref for the upstream branch, and this branch
-	was rebased since last fetched, the rebase uses that information
-	to avoid rebasing non-local changes. To make this the default
-	for branch `<name>`, set configuration `branch.<name>.rebase`
-	to `true`.
+	Rebase the current branch on top of the upstream branch after
+	fetching.  If there is a remote-tracking branch corresponding to
+	the upstream branch and the upstream branch was rebased since last
+	fetched, the rebase uses that information to avoid rebasing
+	non-local changes.
++
+See `branch.<name>.rebase` and `branch.autosetuprebase` in
+linkgit:git-config[1] if you want to make `git pull` always use
+`{litdd}rebase` instead of merging.
 +
 [NOTE]
 This is a potentially _dangerous_ mode of operation.
@@ -134,7 +146,7 @@
 in `$GIT_DIR/remotes/<origin>` file is used.
 
 In order to determine what remote branches to fetch (and
-optionally store in the tracking branches) when the command is
+optionally store in the remote-tracking branches) when the command is
 run without any refspec parameters on the command line, values
 of the configuration variable `remote.<origin>.fetch` are
 consulted, and if there aren't any, `$GIT_DIR/remotes/<origin>`
@@ -147,9 +159,9 @@
 ------------
 
 A globbing refspec must have a non-empty RHS (i.e. must store
-what were fetched in tracking branches), and its LHS and RHS
+what were fetched in remote-tracking branches), and its LHS and RHS
 must end with `/*`.  The above specifies that all remote
-branches are tracked using tracking branches in
+branches are tracked using remote-tracking branches in
 `refs/remotes/origin/` hierarchy under the same name.
 
 The rule to determine which remote branch to merge after
@@ -208,22 +220,19 @@
 would want to start over, you can recover with 'git reset'.
 
 
+BUGS
+----
+Using --recurse-submodules can only fetch new commits in already checked
+out submodules right now. When e.g. upstream added a new submodule in the
+just fetched commits of the superproject the submodule itself can not be
+fetched, making it impossible to check out that submodule later without
+having to do a fetch again. This is expected to be fixed in a future git
+version.
+
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-fetch[1], linkgit:git-merge[1], linkgit:git-config[1]
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-and Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Jon Loeliger,
-David Greaves,
-Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-push.txt b/Documentation/git-push.txt
index e11660a..88acfcd 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-push.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-push.txt
@@ -406,16 +406,6 @@
 and so would be unreachable.  As such, these commits would be removed by
 a `git gc` command on the origin repository.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>, later rewritten in C
-by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt b/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt
index 579e8d2..7f112f3 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt
@@ -49,14 +49,6 @@
 or the value of the $QUILT_PATCHES environment
 variable.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Eric Biederman <ebiederm@lnxi.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Eric Biederman <ebiederm@lnxi.com>
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt
index e88e9c2..26fdadc 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt
@@ -416,27 +416,11 @@
 support.
 
 
-BUGS
-----
-In order to match a directory with $GIT_DIR/info/sparse-checkout,
-trailing slash must be used. The form without trailing slash, while
-works with .gitignore, does not work with sparse checkout.
-
-
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-write-tree[1]; linkgit:git-ls-files[1];
 linkgit:gitignore[5]
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
index 30e5c0e..620d50e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
@@ -66,8 +66,9 @@
     D---E---F---G master
 ------------
 
-The latter form is just a short-hand of `git checkout topic`
-followed by `git rebase master`.
+*NOTE:* The latter form is just a short-hand of `git checkout topic`
+followed by `git rebase master`. When rebase exits `topic` will
+remain the checked-out branch.
 
 If the upstream branch already contains a change you have made (e.g.,
 because you mailed a patch which was applied upstream), then that commit
@@ -279,6 +280,10 @@
 --no-verify::
 	This option bypasses the pre-rebase hook.  See also linkgit:githooks[5].
 
+--verify::
+	Allows the pre-rebase hook to run, which is the default.  This option can
+	be used to override --no-verify.  See also linkgit:githooks[5].
+
 -C<n>::
 	Ensure at least <n> lines of surrounding context match before
 	and after each change.  When fewer lines of surrounding
@@ -654,7 +659,6 @@
 'everyone' downstream from 'topic' will now have to perform a "hard
 case" recovery too!
 
-
 BUGS
 ----
 The todo list presented by `--preserve-merges --interactive` does not
@@ -677,15 +681,6 @@
 1 --- 2 --- 4 --- 5
 ------------
 
-Authors
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> and
-Johannes E. Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt
index 2790eeb..f34e0ae 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt
@@ -151,15 +151,6 @@
 --------
 linkgit:git-send-pack[1]
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-reflog.txt b/Documentation/git-reflog.txt
index e50bd9b..09057bf 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-reflog.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-reflog.txt
@@ -90,14 +90,6 @@
 --verbose::
 	Print extra information on screen.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-relink.txt b/Documentation/git-relink.txt
index 8fc809f..9893376 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-relink.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-relink.txt
@@ -24,14 +24,6 @@
 <dir>::
 	Directories containing a .git/objects/ subdirectory.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Ryan Anderson <ryan@michonline.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-remote-ext.txt b/Documentation/git-remote-ext.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..68263a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-remote-ext.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+git-remote-ext(1)
+=================
+
+NAME
+----
+git-remote-ext - Bridge smart transport to external command.
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+git remote add <nick> "ext::<command>[ <arguments>...]"
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+This remote helper uses the specified '<command>' to connect
+to a remote git server.
+
+Data written to stdin of the specified '<command>' is assumed
+to be sent to a git:// server, git-upload-pack, git-receive-pack
+or git-upload-archive (depending on situation), and data read
+from stdout of <command> is assumed to be received from
+the same service.
+
+Command and arguments are separated by an unescaped space.
+
+The following sequences have a special meaning:
+
+'% '::
+	Literal space in command or argument.
+
+'%%'::
+	Literal percent sign.
+
+'%s'::
+	Replaced with name (receive-pack, upload-pack, or
+	upload-archive) of the service git wants to invoke.
+
+'%S'::
+	Replaced with long name (git-receive-pack,
+	git-upload-pack, or git-upload-archive) of the service
+	git wants to invoke.
+
+'%G' (must be the first characters in an argument)::
+	This argument will not be passed to '<command>'. Instead, it
+	will cause the helper to start by sending git:// service requests to
+	the remote side with the service field set to an appropriate value and
+	the repository field set to rest of the argument. Default is not to send
+	such a request.
++
+This is useful if remote side is git:// server accessed over
+some tunnel.
+
+'%V' (must be first characters in argument)::
+	This argument will not be passed to '<command>'. Instead it sets
+	the vhost field in the git:// service request (to rest of the argument).
+	Default is not to send vhost in such request (if sent).
+
+ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES:
+----------------------
+
+GIT_TRANSLOOP_DEBUG::
+	If set, prints debugging information about various reads/writes.
+
+ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES PASSED TO COMMAND:
+----------------------------------------
+
+GIT_EXT_SERVICE::
+	Set to long name (git-upload-pack, etc...) of service helper needs
+	to invoke.
+
+GIT_EXT_SERVICE_NOPREFIX::
+	Set to long name (upload-pack, etc...) of service helper needs
+	to invoke.
+
+
+EXAMPLES:
+---------
+This remote helper is transparently used by git when
+you use commands such as "git fetch <URL>", "git clone <URL>",
+, "git push <URL>" or "git remote add <nick> <URL>", where <URL>
+begins with `ext::`.  Examples:
+
+"ext::ssh -i /home/foo/.ssh/somekey user&#64;host.example %S 'foo/repo'"::
+	Like host.example:foo/repo, but use /home/foo/.ssh/somekey as
+	keypair and user as user on remote side. This avoids needing to
+	edit .ssh/config.
+
+"ext::socat -t3600 - ABSTRACT-CONNECT:/git-server %G/somerepo"::
+	Represents repository with path /somerepo accessable over
+	git protocol at abstract namespace address /git-server.
+
+"ext::git-server-alias foo %G/repo"::
+	Represents a repository with path /repo accessed using the
+	helper program "git-server-alias foo".  The path to the
+	repository and type of request are not passed on the command
+	line but as part of the protocol stream, as usual with git://
+	protocol.
+
+"ext::git-server-alias foo %G/repo %Vfoo"::
+	Represents a repository with path /repo accessed using the
+	helper program "git-server-alias foo".  The hostname for the
+	remote server passed in the protocol stream will be "foo"
+	(this allows multiple virtual git servers to share a
+	link-level address).
+
+"ext::git-server-alias foo %G/repo% with% spaces %Vfoo"::
+	Represents a repository with path '/repo with spaces' accessed
+	using the helper program "git-server-alias foo".  The hostname for
+	the remote server passed in the protocol stream will be "foo"
+	(this allows multiple virtual git servers to share a
+	link-level address).
+
+"ext::git-ssl foo.example /bar"::
+	Represents a repository accessed using the helper program
+	"git-ssl foo.example /bar".  The type of request can be
+	determined by the helper using environment variables (see
+	above).
+
+Documentation
+--------------
+Documentation by Ilari Liusvaara, Jonathan Nieder and the git list
+<git@vger.kernel.org>
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-remote-fd.txt b/Documentation/git-remote-fd.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4aecd4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-remote-fd.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+git-remote-fd(1)
+================
+
+NAME
+----
+git-remote-fd - Reflect smart transport stream back to caller
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+"fd::<infd>[,<outfd>][/<anything>]" (as URL)
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+This helper uses specified file descriptors to connect to a remote git server.
+This is not meant for end users but for programs and scripts calling git
+fetch, push or archive.
+
+If only <infd> is given, it is assumed to be a bidirectional socket connected
+to remote git server (git-upload-pack, git-receive-pack or
+git-upload-achive). If both <infd> and <outfd> are given, they are assumed
+to be pipes connected to a remote git server (<infd> being the inbound pipe
+and <outfd> being the outbound pipe.
+
+It is assumed that any handshaking procedures have already been completed
+(such as sending service request for git://) before this helper is started.
+
+<anything> can be any string. It is ignored. It is meant for providing
+information to user in the URL in case that URL is displayed in some
+context.
+
+ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
+---------------------
+GIT_TRANSLOOP_DEBUG::
+	If set, prints debugging information about various reads/writes.
+
+EXAMPLES
+--------
+git fetch fd::17 master::
+	Fetch master, using file descriptor #17 to communicate with
+	git-upload-pack.
+
+git fetch fd::17/foo master::
+	Same as above.
+
+git push fd::7,8 master (as URL)::
+	Push master, using file descriptor #7 to read data from
+	git-receive-pack and file descriptor #8 to write data to
+	same service.
+
+git push fd::7,8/bar master::
+	Same as above.
+
+Documentation
+--------------
+Documentation by Ilari Liusvaara and the git list <git@vger.kernel.org>
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-remote-helpers.txt b/Documentation/git-remote-helpers.txt
index 3a23477..58f6ad4 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-remote-helpers.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-remote-helpers.txt
@@ -181,11 +181,11 @@
 	When using the import command, expect the source ref to have
 	been written to the destination ref. The earliest applicable
 	refspec takes precedence. For example
-	"refs/heads/*:refs/svn/origin/branches/*" means that, after an
-	"import refs/heads/name", the script has written to
+	"refs/heads/{asterisk}:refs/svn/origin/branches/{asterisk}" means
+	that, after an "import refs/heads/name", the script has written to
 	refs/svn/origin/branches/name. If this capability is used at
 	all, it must cover all refs reported by the list command; if
-	it is not used, it is effectively "*:*"
+	it is not used, it is effectively "{asterisk}:{asterisk}"
 
 REF LIST ATTRIBUTES
 -------------------
@@ -201,12 +201,12 @@
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
-'option verbosity' <N>::
+'option verbosity' <n>::
 	Changes the verbosity of messages displayed by the helper.
-	A value of 0 for N means that processes operate
+	A value of 0 for <n> means that processes operate
 	quietly, and the helper produces only error output.
 	1 is the default level of verbosity, and higher values
-	of N correspond to the number of -v flags passed on the
+	of <n> correspond to the number of -v flags passed on the
 	command line.
 
 'option progress' \{'true'|'false'\}::
@@ -239,10 +239,6 @@
 --------
 linkgit:git-remote[1]
 
-Documentation
--------------
-Documentation by Daniel Barkalow and Ilari Liusvaara
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-remote.txt b/Documentation/git-remote.txt
index 0d28feb..528f34a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-remote.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-remote.txt
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 --------
 [verse]
 'git remote' [-v | --verbose]
-'git remote add' [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--mirror] <name> <url>
+'git remote add' [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>
 'git remote rename' <old> <new>
 'git remote rm' <name>
 'git remote set-head' <name> (-a | -d | <branch>)
@@ -67,15 +67,18 @@
 With `-m <master>` option, `$GIT_DIR/remotes/<name>/HEAD` is set
 up to point at remote's `<master>` branch. See also the set-head command.
 +
-In mirror mode, enabled with `\--mirror`, the refs will not be stored
-in the 'refs/remotes/' namespace, but in 'refs/heads/'.  This option
-only makes sense in bare repositories.  If a remote uses mirror
-mode, furthermore, `git push` will always behave as if `\--mirror`
-was passed.
+When a fetch mirror is created with `\--mirror=fetch`, the refs will not
+be stored in the 'refs/remotes/' namespace, but rather everything in
+'refs/' on the remote will be directly mirrored into 'refs/' in the
+local repository. This option only makes sense in bare repositories,
+because a fetch would overwrite any local commits.
++
+When a push mirror is created with `\--mirror=push`, then `git push`
+will always behave as if `\--mirror` was passed.
 
 'rename'::
 
-Rename the remote named <old> to <new>. All remote tracking branches and
+Rename the remote named <old> to <new>. All remote-tracking branches and
 configuration settings for the remote are updated.
 +
 In case <old> and <new> are the same, and <old> is a file under
@@ -84,7 +87,7 @@
 
 'rm'::
 
-Remove the remote named <name>. All remote tracking branches and
+Remove the remote named <name>. All remote-tracking branches and
 configuration settings for the remote are removed.
 
 'set-head'::
@@ -146,7 +149,7 @@
 
 'prune'::
 
-Deletes all stale tracking branches under <name>.
+Deletes all stale remote-tracking branches under <name>.
 These stale branches have already been removed from the remote repository
 referenced by <name>, but are still locally available in
 "remotes/<name>".
@@ -214,16 +217,6 @@
 linkgit:git-branch[1]
 linkgit:git-config[1]
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio Hamano
-
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by J. Bruce Fields and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-repack.txt b/Documentation/git-repack.txt
index 27f7865..0decee2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-repack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-repack.txt
@@ -123,15 +123,6 @@
 is unaffected by this option as the conversion is performed on the fly
 as needed in that case.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Ryan Anderson <ryan@michonline.com>
-
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-pack-objects[1]
diff --git a/Documentation/git-replace.txt b/Documentation/git-replace.txt
index fde2092..17df525 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-replace.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-replace.txt
@@ -80,17 +80,6 @@
 linkgit:git-branch[1]
 linkgit:git[1]
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org> and Junio C
-Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>, based on 'git tag' by Kristian Hogsberg
-<krh@redhat.com> and Carlos Rica <jasampler@gmail.com>.
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org> and the
-git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>, based on 'git tag' documentation.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-repo-config.txt b/Documentation/git-repo-config.txt
index e5bdb55..a0d1fa6 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-repo-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-repo-config.txt
@@ -16,3 +16,7 @@
 
 This is a synonym for linkgit:git-config[1].  Please refer to the
 documentation of that command.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-request-pull.txt b/Documentation/git-request-pull.txt
index 400f61f..3521d8e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-request-pull.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-request-pull.txt
@@ -29,14 +29,6 @@
 <end>::
 	Commit to end at; defaults to HEAD.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Ryan Anderson <ryan@michonline.com> and Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rerere.txt b/Documentation/git-rerere.txt
index db99d47..52db1d8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rerere.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rerere.txt
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git rerere' ['clear'|'forget' [<pathspec>]|'diff'|'status'|'gc']
+'git rerere' ['clear'|'forget' <pathspec>|'diff'|'status'|'gc']
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
 'forget' <pathspec>::
 
 This resets the conflict resolutions which rerere has recorded for the current
-conflict in <pathspec>.  The <pathspec> is optional.
+conflict in <pathspec>.
 
 'diff'::
 
@@ -205,11 +205,6 @@
 'git rerere' will be run by 'git rebase' to help you resolve this
 conflict.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-reset.txt b/Documentation/git-reset.txt
index fd72976..b2832fc 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-reset.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-reset.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 --------
 [verse]
 'git reset' [-q] [<commit>] [--] <paths>...
-'git reset' --patch [<commit>] [--] [<paths>...]
+'git reset' [--patch|-p] [<commit>] [--] [<paths>...]
 'git reset' [--soft | --mixed | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -39,8 +39,9 @@
 	and <commit> (defaults to HEAD).  The chosen hunks are applied
 	in reverse to the index.
 +
-This means that `git reset -p` is the opposite of `git add -p` (see
-linkgit:git-add[1]).
+This means that `git reset -p` is the opposite of `git add -p`, i.e.
+you can use it to selectively reset hunks. See the ``Interactive Mode''
+section of linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate the `\--patch` mode.
 
 'git reset' [--<mode>] [<commit>]::
 	This form resets the current branch head to <commit> and
@@ -76,15 +77,10 @@
 but carries forward unmerged index entries.
 
 --keep::
-	Resets the index, updates files in the working tree that are
-	different between <commit> and HEAD, but keeps those
-	which are different between HEAD and the working tree (i.e.
-	which have local changes).
+	Resets index entries and updates files in the working tree that are
+	different between <commit> and HEAD.
 	If a file that is different between <commit> and HEAD has local changes,
 	reset is aborted.
-+
-In other words, --keep does a 2-way merge between <commit> and HEAD followed by
-'git reset --mixed <commit>'.
 --
 
 If you want to undo a commit other than the latest on a branch,
@@ -402,15 +398,6 @@
 
 X means any state and U means an unmerged index.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> and Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt b/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt
index 8e1e329..415f4f0 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt
@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@
 	     [ \--sparse ]
 	     [ \--merges ]
 	     [ \--no-merges ]
+	     [ \--min-parents=<number> ]
+	     [ \--no-min-parents ]
+	     [ \--max-parents=<number> ]
+	     [ \--no-max-parents ]
 	     [ \--first-parent ]
 	     [ \--remove-empty ]
 	     [ \--full-history ]
@@ -31,6 +35,9 @@
 	     [ \--parents ]
 	     [ \--timestamp ]
 	     [ \--left-right ]
+	     [ \--left-only ]
+	     [ \--right-only ]
+	     [ \--cherry-mark ]
 	     [ \--cherry-pick ]
 	     [ \--encoding[=<encoding>] ]
 	     [ \--(author|committer|grep)=<pattern> ]
@@ -105,16 +112,6 @@
 
 include::pretty-formats.txt[]
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano, Jonas Fonseca
-and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt b/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
index ff23cb0..02c44c9 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
@@ -308,16 +308,6 @@
 +
 but if $REV is empty, the commit object name from master will be printed.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> .
-Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> and Pierre Habouzit <madcoder@debian.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-revert.txt b/Documentation/git-revert.txt
index f40984d..ac10cfb 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-revert.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-revert.txt
@@ -80,6 +80,16 @@
 --signoff::
 	Add Signed-off-by line at the end of the commit message.
 
+--strategy=<strategy>::
+	Use the given merge strategy.  Should only be used once.
+	See the MERGE STRATEGIES section in linkgit:git-merge[1]
+	for details.
+
+-X<option>::
+--strategy-option=<option>::
+	Pass the merge strategy-specific option through to the
+	merge strategy.  See linkgit:git-merge[1] for details.
+
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 git revert HEAD~3::
@@ -87,7 +97,7 @@
 	Revert the changes specified by the fourth last commit in HEAD
 	and create a new commit with the reverted changes.
 
-git revert -n master\~5..master~2::
+git revert -n master{tilde}5..master{tilde}2::
 
 	Revert the changes done by commits from the fifth last commit
 	in master (included) to the third last commit in master
@@ -95,14 +105,6 @@
 	changes. The revert only modifies the working tree and the
 	index.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-cherry-pick[1]
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rm.txt b/Documentation/git-rm.txt
index 71e3d9f..8c0554f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rm.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rm.txt
@@ -89,8 +89,8 @@
 depending on the use case, there are several ways that can be
 done.
 
-Using "git commit -a"
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Using ``git commit -a''
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 If you intend that your next commit should record all modifications
 of tracked files in the working tree and record all removals of
 files that have been removed from the working tree with `rm`
@@ -98,8 +98,8 @@
 automatically notice and record all removals.  You can also have a
 similar effect without committing by using `git add -u`.
 
-Using "git add -A"
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Using ``git add -A''
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 When accepting a new code drop for a vendor branch, you probably
 want to record both the removal of paths and additions of new paths
 as well as modifications of existing paths.
@@ -111,8 +111,8 @@
 git ls-files -z | xargs -0 rm -f
 ----------------
 
-and then "untar" the new code in the working tree. Alternately
-you could "rsync" the changes into the working tree.
+and then untar the new code in the working tree. Alternately
+you could 'rsync' the changes into the working tree.
 
 After that, the easiest way to record all removals, additions, and
 modifications in the working tree is:
@@ -153,14 +153,6 @@
 --------
 linkgit:git-add[1]
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
index 05904e0..5a168cf 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
@@ -82,11 +82,26 @@
 	set, as returned by "git var -l".
 
 --in-reply-to=<identifier>::
-	Specify the contents of the first In-Reply-To header.
-	Subsequent emails will refer to the previous email
-	instead of this if --chain-reply-to is set.
-	Only necessary if --compose is also set.  If --compose
-	is not set, this will be prompted for.
+	Make the first mail (or all the mails with `--no-thread`) appear as a
+	reply to the given Message-Id, which avoids breaking threads to
+	provide a new patch series.
+	The second and subsequent emails will be sent as replies according to
+	the `--[no]-chain-reply-to` setting.
++
+So for example when `--thread` and `--no-chain-reply-to` are specified, the
+second and subsequent patches will be replies to the first one like in the
+illustration below where `[PATCH v2 0/3]` is in reply to `[PATCH 0/2]`:
++
+  [PATCH 0/2] Here is what I did...
+    [PATCH 1/2] Clean up and tests
+    [PATCH 2/2] Implementation
+    [PATCH v2 0/3] Here is a reroll
+      [PATCH v2 1/3] Clean up
+      [PATCH v2 2/3] New tests
+      [PATCH v2 3/3] Implementation
++
+Only necessary if --compose is also set.  If --compose
+is not set, this will be prompted for.
 
 --subject=<string>::
 	Specify the initial subject of the email thread.
@@ -307,6 +322,9 @@
 Default is the value of 'sendemail.validate'; if this is not set,
 default to '--validate'.
 
+--force::
+	Send emails even if safety checks would prevent it.
+
 
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
@@ -330,11 +348,12 @@
 	one of 'always', 'never', 'cc', 'compose', or 'auto'. See '--confirm'
 	in the previous section for the meaning of these values.
 
-
+EXAMPLE
+-------
 Use gmail as the smtp server
-----------------------------
-
-Add the following section to the config file:
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+To use 'git send-email' to send your patches through the GMail SMTP server,
+edit ~/.gitconfig to specify your account settings:
 
 	[sendemail]
 		smtpencryption = tls
@@ -342,22 +361,19 @@
 		smtpuser = yourname@gmail.com
 		smtpserverport = 587
 
+Once your commits are ready to be sent to the mailing list, run the
+following commands:
+
+	$ git format-patch --cover-letter -M origin/master -o outgoing/
+	$ edit outgoing/0000-*
+	$ git send-email outgoing/*
+
 Note: the following perl modules are required
       Net::SMTP::SSL, MIME::Base64 and Authen::SASL
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Ryan Anderson <ryan@michonline.com>
-
-git-send-email is originally based upon
-send_lots_of_email.pl by Greg Kroah-Hartman.
-
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Ryan Anderson
-
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:git-format-patch[1], linkgit:git-imap-send[1], mbox(5)
 
 GIT
 ---
diff --git a/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt
index deaa7d9..17f8f55 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt
@@ -114,15 +114,6 @@
 Optionally, a <ref> parameter can be prefixed with a plus '+' sign
 to disable the fast-forward check only on that ref.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt b/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt
index 3da2413..053df50 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt
@@ -66,15 +66,6 @@
 	outputs code for use with eval to set the GIT_AUTHOR_NAME,
 	GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL and GIT_AUTHOR_DATE variables for a given commit.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-shell.txt b/Documentation/git-shell.txt
index 6403126..d7d4b92 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-shell.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-shell.txt
@@ -28,14 +28,6 @@
 programs in it. The programs are executed with a cwd of $HOME, and
 <argument> is parsed as a command-line string.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Petr Baudis and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt b/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
index 5cc3baf..ff3755b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
@@ -68,15 +68,6 @@
 
 include::mailmap.txt[]
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@pobox.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt
index 3b0c882..ee4559b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt
@@ -200,17 +200,6 @@
 Without `--list`, the output also shows how these tips are
 topologically related with each other.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano.
-
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-show-index.txt b/Documentation/git-show-index.txt
index 8382fbe..c4d99f1 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-show-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-show-index.txt
@@ -20,15 +20,6 @@
 'git verify-pack -v'; this command only shows the packfile
 offset and SHA1 of each object.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt
index be0ec18..3c45895 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt
@@ -177,11 +177,6 @@
 linkgit:git-update-ref[1],
 linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5]
 
-AUTHORS
--------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>.
-Man page by Jonas Fonseca <fonseca@diku.dk>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-show.txt b/Documentation/git-show.txt
index 2049c60..7f075e8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-show.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-show.txt
@@ -54,6 +54,10 @@
 git show v1.0.0^\{tree\}::
 	Shows the tree pointed to by the tag `v1.0.0`.
 
+git show -s --format=%s v1.0.0^\{commit\}::
+	Shows the subject of the commit pointed to by the
+	tag `v1.0.0`.
+
 git show next~10:Documentation/README::
 	Shows the contents of the file `Documentation/README` as
 	they were current in the 10th last commit of the branch
@@ -68,17 +72,6 @@
 
 include::i18n.txt[]
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> and
-Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>.  Significantly enhanced by
-Johannes Schindelin <Johannes.Schindelin@gmx.de>.
-
-
-Documentation
--------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Petr Baudis and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-stage.txt b/Documentation/git-stage.txt
index 7f251a5..ba3fe0d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-stage.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-stage.txt
@@ -17,3 +17,7 @@
 
 This is a synonym for linkgit:git-add[1].  Please refer to the
 documentation of that command.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-stash.txt b/Documentation/git-stash.txt
index 8728f7a..15f051f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-stash.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-stash.txt
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 'git stash' drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
 'git stash' ( pop | apply ) [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
 'git stash' branch <branchname> [<stash>]
-'git stash' [save [--patch] [-k|--[no-]keep-index] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]]
+'git stash' [save [-p|--patch] [-k|--[no-]keep-index] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]]
 'git stash' clear
 'git stash' create
 
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
-save [--patch] [--[no-]keep-index] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]::
+save [-p|--patch] [--[no-]keep-index] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]::
 
 	Save your local modifications to a new 'stash', and run `git reset
 	--hard` to revert them.  The <message> part is optional and gives
@@ -54,12 +54,13 @@
 If the `--keep-index` option is used, all changes already added to the
 index are left intact.
 +
-With `--patch`, you can interactively select hunks from in the diff
+With `--patch`, you can interactively select hunks from the diff
 between HEAD and the working tree to be stashed.  The stash entry is
 constructed such that its index state is the same as the index state
 of your repository, and its worktree contains only the changes you
 selected interactively.  The selected changes are then rolled back
-from your worktree.
+from your worktree. See the ``Interactive Mode'' section of
+linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate the `\--patch` mode.
 +
 The `--patch` option implies `--keep-index`.  You can use
 `--no-keep-index` to override this.
@@ -257,10 +258,6 @@
 linkgit:git-reflog[1],
 linkgit:git-reset[1]
 
-AUTHOR
-------
-Written by Nanako Shiraishi <nanako3@bluebottle.com>
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-status.txt b/Documentation/git-status.txt
index dae190a..38cb741 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-status.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-status.txt
@@ -32,26 +32,27 @@
 	Show the branch and tracking info even in short-format.
 
 --porcelain::
-	Give the output in a stable, easy-to-parse format for scripts.
-	Currently this is identical to --short output, but is guaranteed
-	not to change in the future, making it safe for scripts.
+	Give the output in an easy-to-parse format for scripts.
+	This is similar to the short output, but will remain stable
+	across git versions and regardless of user configuration. See
+	below for details.
 
 -u[<mode>]::
 --untracked-files[=<mode>]::
-	Show untracked files (Default: 'all').
+	Show untracked files.
 +
-The mode parameter is optional, and is used to specify
-the handling of untracked files. The possible options are:
+The mode parameter is optional (defaults to 'all'), and is used to
+specify the handling of untracked files; when -u is not used, the
+default is 'normal', i.e. show untracked files and directories.
 +
---
+The possible options are:
++
 	- 'no'     - Show no untracked files
 	- 'normal' - Shows untracked files and directories
 	- 'all'    - Also shows individual files in untracked directories.
---
 +
-See linkgit:git-config[1] for configuration variable
-used to change the default for when the option is not
-specified.
+The default can be changed using the status.showUntrackedFiles
+configuration variable documented in linkgit:git-config[1].
 
 --ignore-submodules[=<when>]::
 	Ignore changes to submodules when looking for changes. <when> can be
@@ -78,23 +79,27 @@
 The output from this command is designed to be used as a commit
 template comment, and all the output lines are prefixed with '#'.
 The default, long format, is designed to be human readable,
-verbose and descriptive.  They are subject to change in any time.
+verbose and descriptive.  Its contents and format are subject to change
+at any time.
 
 The paths mentioned in the output, unlike many other git commands, are
 made relative to the current directory if you are working in a
 subdirectory (this is on purpose, to help cutting and pasting). See
 the status.relativePaths config option below.
 
-In short-format, the status of each path is shown as
+Short Format
+~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+In the short-format, the status of each path is shown as
 
 	XY PATH1 -> PATH2
 
-where `PATH1` is the path in the `HEAD`, and ` -> PATH2` part is
+where `PATH1` is the path in the `HEAD`, and the ` \-> PATH2` part is
 shown only when `PATH1` corresponds to a different path in the
 index/worktree (i.e. the file is renamed). The 'XY' is a two-letter
 status code.
 
-The fields (including the `->`) are separated from each other by a
+The fields (including the `\->`) are separated from each other by a
 single space. If a filename contains whitespace or other nonprintable
 characters, that field will be quoted in the manner of a C string
 literal: surrounded by ASCII double quote (34) characters, and with
@@ -143,10 +148,25 @@
 
 ## branchname tracking info
 
-There is an alternate -z format recommended for machine parsing.  In
+Porcelain Format
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The porcelain format is similar to the short format, but is guaranteed
+not to change in a backwards-incompatible way between git versions or
+based on user configuration. This makes it ideal for parsing by scripts.
+The description of the short format above also describes the porcelain
+format, with a few exceptions:
+
+1. The user's color.status configuration is not respected; color will
+   always be off.
+
+2. The user's status.relativePaths configuration is not respected; paths
+   shown will always be relative to the repository root.
+
+There is also an alternate -z format recommended for machine parsing. In
 that format, the status field is the same, but some other things
-change.  First, the '->' is omitted from rename entries and the field
-order is reversed (e.g 'from -> to' becomes 'to from'). Second, a NUL
+change.  First, the '\->' is omitted from rename entries and the field
+order is reversed (e.g 'from \-> to' becomes 'to from'). Second, a NUL
 (ASCII 0) follows each filename, replacing space as a field separator
 and the terminating newline (but a space still separates the status
 field from the first filename).  Third, filenames containing special
@@ -174,14 +194,6 @@
 --------
 linkgit:gitignore[5]
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>.
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-stripspace.txt b/Documentation/git-stripspace.txt
index 7508c0e..10509cc 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-stripspace.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-stripspace.txt
@@ -23,14 +23,6 @@
 <stream>::
 	Byte stream to act on.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
index 1ed331c..1a16ff6 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
@@ -101,9 +101,10 @@
 	currently checked out commit for each submodule, along with the
 	submodule path and the output of 'git describe' for the
 	SHA-1. Each SHA-1 will be prefixed with `-` if the submodule is not
-	initialized and `+` if the currently checked out submodule commit
+	initialized, `+` if the currently checked out submodule commit
 	does not match the SHA-1 found in the index of the containing
-	repository. This command is the default command for 'git submodule'.
+	repository and `U` if the submodule has merge conflicts.
+	This command is the default command for 'git submodule'.
 +
 If '--recursive' is specified, this command will recurse into nested
 submodules, and show their status as well.
@@ -257,11 +258,6 @@
 to each submodule url is "submodule.$name.url".  See linkgit:gitmodules[5]
 for details.
 
-
-AUTHOR
-------
-Written by Lars Hjemli <hjemli@gmail.com>
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-svn.txt b/Documentation/git-svn.txt
index 139d314..39feb62 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-svn.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-svn.txt
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@
 	Set the 'rewriteRoot' option in the [svn-remote] config.
 --rewrite-uuid=<UUID>;;
 	Set the 'rewriteUUID' option in the [svn-remote] config.
---username=<USER>;;
+--username=<user>;;
 	For transports that SVN handles authentication for (http,
 	https, and plain svn), specify the username.  For other
 	transports (eg svn+ssh://), you must include the username in
@@ -145,17 +145,6 @@
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 --
 
---use-log-author;;
-	When retrieving svn commits into git (as part of fetch, rebase, or
-	dcommit operations), look for the first From: or Signed-off-by: line
-	in the log message and use that as the author string.
---add-author-from;;
-	When committing to svn from git (as part of commit or dcommit
-	operations), if the existing log message doesn't already have a
-	From: or Signed-off-by: line, append a From: line based on the
-	git commit's author string.  If you use this, then --use-log-author
-	will retrieve a valid author string for all commits.
-
 'clone'::
 	Runs 'init' and 'fetch'.  It will automatically create a
 	directory based on the basename of the URL passed to it;
@@ -217,6 +206,13 @@
 Using this option for any other purpose (don't ask) is very strongly
 discouraged.
 
+--mergeinfo=<mergeinfo>;;
+	Add the given merge information during the dcommit
+	(e.g. `--mergeinfo="/branches/foo:1-10"`). All svn server versions can
+	store this information (as a property), and svn clients starting from
+	version 1.5 can make use of it. 'git svn' currently does not use it
+	and does not set it automatically.
+
 'branch'::
 	Create a branch in the SVN repository.
 
@@ -443,8 +439,8 @@
 	Only used with the 'init' command.
 	These are passed directly to 'git init'.
 
--r <ARG>::
---revision <ARG>::
+-r <arg>::
+--revision <arg>::
 	   Used with the 'fetch' command.
 +
 This allows revision ranges for partial/cauterized history
@@ -565,6 +561,17 @@
 For 'branch' and 'tag', display the urls that will be used for copying when
 creating the branch or tag.
 
+--use-log-author::
+	When retrieving svn commits into git (as part of 'fetch', 'rebase', or
+	'dcommit' operations), look for the first `From:` or `Signed-off-by:` line
+	in the log message and use that as the author string.
+--add-author-from::
+	When committing to svn from git (as part of 'commit-diff', 'set-tree' or 'dcommit'
+	operations), if the existing log message doesn't already have a
+	`From:` or `Signed-off-by:` line, append a `From:` line based on the
+	git commit's author string.  If you use this, then `--use-log-author`
+	will retrieve a valid author string for all commits.
+
 
 ADVANCED OPTIONS
 ----------------
@@ -613,7 +620,7 @@
 reports and archives.  If you plan to eventually migrate from SVN to git
 and are certain about dropping SVN history, consider
 linkgit:git-filter-branch[1] instead.  filter-branch also allows
-reformating of metadata for ease-of-reading and rewriting authorship
+reformatting of metadata for ease-of-reading and rewriting authorship
 info for non-"svn.authorsFile" users.
 
 svn.useSvmProps::
@@ -648,6 +655,16 @@
 	where the original UUID is not available via either useSvmProps
 	or useSvnsyncProps.
 
+svn-remote.<name>.pushurl::
+
+	Similar to git's 'remote.<name>.pushurl', this key is designed
+	to be used in cases where 'url' points to an SVN repository
+	via a read-only transport, to provide an alternate read/write
+	transport. It is assumed that both keys point to the same
+	repository. Unlike 'commiturl', 'pushurl' is a base path. If
+	either 'commiturl' or 'pushurl' could be used, 'commiturl'
+	takes precedence.
+
 svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround::
 	This disables potentially expensive checks to workaround
 	broken symlinks checked into SVN by broken clients.  Set this
@@ -729,8 +746,11 @@
 	cd project
 	git init
 	git remote add origin server:/pub/project
-	git config --add remote.origin.fetch '+refs/remotes/*:refs/remotes/*'
+	git config --replace-all remote.origin.fetch '+refs/remotes/*:refs/remotes/*'
 	git fetch
+# Prevent fetch/pull from remote git server in the future,
+# we only want to use git svn for future updates
+	git config --remove-section remote.origin
 # Create a local branch from one of the branches just fetched
 	git checkout -b master FETCH_HEAD
 # Initialize 'git svn' locally (be sure to use the same URL and -T/-b/-t options as were used on server)
@@ -754,10 +774,9 @@
 when committing into SVN, which can lead to merge commits reversing
 previous commits in SVN.
 
-DESIGN PHILOSOPHY
------------------
-Merge tracking in Subversion is lacking and doing branched development
-with Subversion can be cumbersome as a result.  While 'git svn' can track
+MERGE TRACKING
+--------------
+While 'git svn' can track
 copy history (including branches and tags) for repositories adopting a
 standard layout, it cannot yet represent merge history that happened
 inside git back upstream to SVN users.  Therefore it is advised that
@@ -767,16 +786,15 @@
 CAVEATS
 -------
 
-For the sake of simplicity and interoperating with a less-capable system
-(SVN), it is recommended that all 'git svn' users clone, fetch and dcommit
+For the sake of simplicity and interoperating with Subversion,
+it is recommended that all 'git svn' users clone, fetch and dcommit
 directly from the SVN server, and avoid all 'git clone'/'pull'/'merge'/'push'
 operations between git repositories and branches.  The recommended
 method of exchanging code between git branches and users is
 'git format-patch' and 'git am', or just 'dcommit'ing to the SVN repository.
 
 Running 'git merge' or 'git pull' is NOT recommended on a branch you
-plan to 'dcommit' from.  Subversion does not represent merges in any
-reasonable or useful fashion; so users using Subversion cannot see any
+plan to 'dcommit' from because Subversion users cannot see any
 merges you've made.  Furthermore, if you merge or pull from a git branch
 that is a mirror of an SVN branch, 'dcommit' may commit to the wrong
 branch.
@@ -826,7 +844,7 @@
 tracked when committing to SVN.  I do not plan on adding support for
 this as it's quite difficult and time-consuming to get working for all
 the possible corner cases (git doesn't do it, either).  Committing
-renamed and copied files are fully supported if they're similar enough
+renamed and copied files is fully supported if they're similar enough
 for git to detect them.
 
 CONFIGURATION
@@ -875,10 +893,6 @@
 --------
 linkgit:git-rebase[1]
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Eric Wong <normalperson@yhbt.net>.
-
-Documentation
--------------
-Written by Eric Wong <normalperson@yhbt.net>.
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-symbolic-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-symbolic-ref.txt
index 33a1536..d7795ed 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-symbolic-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-symbolic-ref.txt
@@ -53,10 +53,6 @@
 symbolic ref were printed correctly, with status 1 if the requested
 name is not a symbolic ref, or 128 if another error occurs.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-tag.txt b/Documentation/git-tag.txt
index 31c78a8..d82f621 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-tag.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-tag.txt
@@ -18,21 +18,22 @@
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-Adds a tag reference in `.git/refs/tags/`.
+Add a tag reference in `.git/refs/tags/`, unless `-d/-l/-v` is given
+to delete, list or verify tags.
 
-Unless `-f` is given, the tag must not yet exist in
+Unless `-f` is given, the tag to be created must not yet exist in the
 `.git/refs/tags/` directory.
 
 If one of `-a`, `-s`, or `-u <key-id>` is passed, the command
-creates a 'tag' object, and requires the tag message.  Unless
+creates a 'tag' object, and requires a tag message.  Unless
 `-m <msg>` or `-F <file>` is given, an editor is started for the user to type
 in the tag message.
 
 If `-m <msg>` or `-F <file>` is given and `-a`, `-s`, and `-u <key-id>`
 are absent, `-a` is implied.
 
-Otherwise just the SHA1 object name of the commit object is
-written (i.e. a lightweight tag).
+Otherwise just a tag reference for the SHA1 object name of the commit object is
+created (i.e. a lightweight tag).
 
 A GnuPG signed tag object will be created when `-s` or `-u
 <key-id>` is used.  When `-u <key-id>` is not used, the
@@ -164,20 +165,19 @@
 
 which should return 0123456789abcdef.. if you have the new version.
 
-Sorry for inconvenience.
+Sorry for the inconvenience.
 ------------
 
 Does this seem a bit complicated?  It *should* be. There is no
-way that it would be correct to just "fix" it behind peoples
-backs. People need to know that their tags might have been
-changed.
+way that it would be correct to just "fix" it automatically.
+People need to know that their tags might have been changed.
 
 
 On Automatic following
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 If you are following somebody else's tree, you are most likely
-using tracking branches (`refs/heads/origin` in traditional
+using remote-tracking branches (`refs/heads/origin` in traditional
 layout, or `refs/remotes/origin/master` in the separate-remote
 layout).  You usually want the tags from the other end.
 
@@ -188,9 +188,10 @@
 from each other do not necessarily want to automatically get
 private anchor point tags from the other person.
 
-You would notice "please pull" messages on the mailing list says
-repo URL and branch name alone.  This is designed to be easily
-cut&pasted to a 'git fetch' command line:
+Often, "please pull" messages on the mailing list just provide
+two pieces of information: a repo URL and a branch name; this
+is designed to be easily cut&pasted at the end of a 'git fetch'
+command line:
 
 ------------
 Linus, please pull from
@@ -206,14 +207,14 @@
 $ git pull git://git..../proj.git master
 ------------
 
-In such a case, you do not want to automatically follow other's
-tags.
+In such a case, you do not want to automatically follow the other
+person's tags.
 
-One important aspect of git is it is distributed, and being
-distributed largely means there is no inherent "upstream" or
+One important aspect of git is its distributed nature, which
+largely means there is no inherent "upstream" or
 "downstream" in the system.  On the face of it, the above
 example might seem to indicate that the tag namespace is owned
-by upper echelon of people and tags only flow downwards, but
+by the upper echelon of people and that tags only flow downwards, but
 that is not the case.  It only shows that the usage pattern
 determines who are interested in whose tags.
 
@@ -231,8 +232,8 @@
 
 It may well be that among networking people, they may want to
 exchange the tags internal to their group, but in that workflow
-they are most likely tracking with each other's progress by
-having tracking branches.  Again, the heuristic to automatically
+they are most likely tracking each other's progress by
+having remote-tracking branches.  Again, the heuristic to automatically
 follow such tags is a good thing.
 
 
@@ -241,35 +242,26 @@
 
 If you have imported some changes from another VCS and would like
 to add tags for major releases of your work, it is useful to be able
-to specify the date to embed inside of the tag object.  The data in
+to specify the date to embed inside of the tag object; such data in
 the tag object affects, for example, the ordering of tags in the
 gitweb interface.
 
 To set the date used in future tag objects, set the environment
-variable GIT_COMMITTER_DATE to one or more of the date and time.  The
-date and time can be specified in a number of ways; the most common
-is "YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM".
+variable GIT_COMMITTER_DATE (see the later discussion of possible
+values; the most common form is "YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM").
 
-An example follows.
+For example:
 
 ------------
 $ GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2006-10-02 10:31" git tag -s v1.0.1
 ------------
 
+include::date-formats.txt[]
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-check-ref-format[1].
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>,
-Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> and Chris Wright <chrisw@osdl.org>.
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-tar-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-tar-tree.txt
index 3c786bd..5f15754 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-tar-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-tar-tree.txt
@@ -76,14 +76,6 @@
 	Put everything in the current head's Documentation/ directory
 	into 'git-1.4.0-docs.tar', with the prefix 'git-docs/'.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Rene Scharfe.
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-unpack-file.txt b/Documentation/git-unpack-file.txt
index 995db9f..c49d727 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-unpack-file.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-unpack-file.txt
@@ -22,14 +22,6 @@
 <blob>::
 	Must be a blob id
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-unpack-objects.txt b/Documentation/git-unpack-objects.txt
index 36d1038..dd77990 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-unpack-objects.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-unpack-objects.txt
@@ -43,15 +43,6 @@
 --strict::
 	Don't write objects with broken content or links.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
--------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-update-index.txt b/Documentation/git-update-index.txt
index 1ca56c8..d393129 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-update-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-update-index.txt
@@ -365,15 +365,6 @@
 linkgit:git-config[1],
 linkgit:git-add[1]
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-update-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-update-ref.txt
index 9639f70..e25a65a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-update-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-update-ref.txt
@@ -84,10 +84,6 @@
 unable to create a new log file, append to the existing log file
 or does not have committer information available.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-update-server-info.txt b/Documentation/git-update-server-info.txt
index 035cc30..775024d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-update-server-info.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-update-server-info.txt
@@ -38,15 +38,6 @@
 
 * info/refs
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-upload-archive.txt b/Documentation/git-upload-archive.txt
index f5f2b39..acbf634 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-upload-archive.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-upload-archive.txt
@@ -24,14 +24,6 @@
 <directory>::
 	The repository to get a tar archive from.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Franck Bui-Huu.
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt
index 71ca4ef..4c0ca9d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt
@@ -33,14 +33,6 @@
 <directory>::
 	The repository to sync from.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-var.txt b/Documentation/git-var.txt
index 458f3e2..6498f7c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-var.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-var.txt
@@ -65,14 +65,6 @@
 linkgit:git-tag[1]
 linkgit:git-config[1]
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Eric Biederman and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-verify-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-verify-pack.txt
index 916a38a..7c2428d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-verify-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-verify-pack.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git verify-pack' [-v|--verbose] [--] <pack>.idx ...
+'git verify-pack' [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] [--] <pack>.idx ...
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -47,14 +47,6 @@
 
 for objects that are deltified.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-verify-tag.txt b/Documentation/git-verify-tag.txt
index dada212..8c9a718 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-verify-tag.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-verify-tag.txt
@@ -15,17 +15,13 @@
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
+-v::
+--verbose::
+	Print the contents of the tag object before validating it.
+
 <tag>...::
 	SHA1 identifiers of git tag objects.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Jan Harkes <jaharkes@cs.cmu.edu> and Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-web--browse.txt b/Documentation/git-web--browse.txt
index 51e8e0a..69d92fa 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-web--browse.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-web--browse.txt
@@ -20,8 +20,14 @@
 
 * firefox (this is the default under X Window when not using KDE)
 * iceweasel
+* seamonkey
+* iceape
+* chromium (also supported as chromium-browser)
+* google-chrome (also supported as chrome)
 * konqueror (this is the default under KDE, see 'Note about konqueror' below)
+* opera
 * w3m (this is the default outside graphical environments)
+* elinks
 * links
 * lynx
 * dillo
@@ -110,16 +116,6 @@
 as they are probably more user specific than repository specific.
 See linkgit:git-config[1] for more information about this.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org> and the git-list
-<git@vger.kernel.org>, based on 'git mergetool' by Theodore Y. Ts'o.
-
-Documentation
--------------
-Documentation by Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org> and the
-git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-whatchanged.txt b/Documentation/git-whatchanged.txt
index ea753cd..31f3663 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-whatchanged.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-whatchanged.txt
@@ -63,17 +63,6 @@
 	The "--" is necessary to avoid confusion with the *branch* named
 	'gitk'
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> and
-Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-write-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-write-tree.txt
index bfceaca..e8c94c1 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-write-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-write-tree.txt
@@ -36,15 +36,6 @@
 	`<prefix>`.  This can be used to write the tree object
 	for a subproject that is in the named subdirectory.
 
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git.txt b/Documentation/git.txt
index 0c897df..504e1b1 100644
--- a/Documentation/git.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git.txt
@@ -44,31 +44,58 @@
 branch of the `git.git` repository.
 Documentation for older releases are available here:
 
-* link:v1.7.3.2/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.3.2]
+* link:v1.7.5.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.5.3]
 
 * release notes for
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.5.3.txt[1.7.5.3],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.5.2.txt[1.7.5.2],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.5.1.txt[1.7.5.1],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.5.txt[1.7.5].
+
+* link:v1.7.4.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.4.5]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.4.5.txt[1.7.4.5],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.4.4.txt[1.7.4.4],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.4.3.txt[1.7.4.3],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.4.2.txt[1.7.4.2],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.4.1.txt[1.7.4.1],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.4.txt[1.7.4].
+
+* link:v1.7.3.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.3.5]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.3.5.txt[1.7.3.5],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.3.4.txt[1.7.3.4],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.3.3.txt[1.7.3.3],
   link:RelNotes/1.7.3.2.txt[1.7.3.2],
   link:RelNotes/1.7.3.1.txt[1.7.3.1],
   link:RelNotes/1.7.3.txt[1.7.3].
 
-* link:v1.7.2.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.2.3]
+* link:v1.7.2.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.2.5]
 
 * release notes for
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.2.5.txt[1.7.2.5],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.2.4.txt[1.7.2.4],
   link:RelNotes/1.7.2.3.txt[1.7.2.3],
   link:RelNotes/1.7.2.2.txt[1.7.2.2],
   link:RelNotes/1.7.2.1.txt[1.7.2.1],
   link:RelNotes/1.7.2.txt[1.7.2].
 
-* link:v1.7.1.2/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.1.2]
+* link:v1.7.1.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.1.4]
 
 * release notes for
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.1.4.txt[1.7.1.4],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.1.3.txt[1.7.1.3],
   link:RelNotes/1.7.1.2.txt[1.7.1.2],
   link:RelNotes/1.7.1.1.txt[1.7.1.1],
   link:RelNotes/1.7.1.txt[1.7.1].
 
-* link:v1.7.0.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.0.7]
+* link:v1.7.0.9/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.0.9]
 
 * release notes for
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.0.9.txt[1.7.0.9],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.0.8.txt[1.7.0.8],
   link:RelNotes/1.7.0.7.txt[1.7.0.7],
   link:RelNotes/1.7.0.6.txt[1.7.0.6],
   link:RelNotes/1.7.0.5.txt[1.7.0.5],
@@ -78,16 +105,18 @@
   link:RelNotes/1.7.0.1.txt[1.7.0.1],
   link:RelNotes/1.7.0.txt[1.7.0].
 
-* link:v1.6.6.2/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.6.2]
+* link:v1.6.6.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.6.3]
 
 * release notes for
+  link:RelNotes/1.6.6.3.txt[1.6.6.3],
   link:RelNotes/1.6.6.2.txt[1.6.6.2],
   link:RelNotes/1.6.6.1.txt[1.6.6.1],
   link:RelNotes/1.6.6.txt[1.6.6].
 
-* link:v1.6.5.8/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.5.8]
+* link:v1.6.5.9/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.5.9]
 
 * release notes for
+  link:RelNotes/1.6.5.9.txt[1.6.5.9],
   link:RelNotes/1.6.5.8.txt[1.6.5.8],
   link:RelNotes/1.6.5.7.txt[1.6.5.7],
   link:RelNotes/1.6.5.6.txt[1.6.5.6],
@@ -98,9 +127,10 @@
   link:RelNotes/1.6.5.1.txt[1.6.5.1],
   link:RelNotes/1.6.5.txt[1.6.5].
 
-* link:v1.6.4.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.4.4]
+* link:v1.6.4.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.4.5]
 
 * release notes for
+  link:RelNotes/1.6.4.5.txt[1.6.4.5],
   link:RelNotes/1.6.4.4.txt[1.6.4.4],
   link:RelNotes/1.6.4.3.txt[1.6.4.3],
   link:RelNotes/1.6.4.2.txt[1.6.4.2],
@@ -279,17 +309,12 @@
 	path or relative path to current working directory.
 
 --work-tree=<path>::
-	Set the path to the working tree.  The value will not be
-	used in combination with repositories found automatically in
-	a .git directory (i.e. $GIT_DIR is not set).
+	Set the path to the working tree. It can be an absolute path
+	or a path relative to the current working directory.
 	This can also be controlled by setting the GIT_WORK_TREE
 	environment variable and the core.worktree configuration
-	variable. It can be an absolute path or relative path to
-	the directory specified by --git-dir or GIT_DIR.
-	Note: If --git-dir or GIT_DIR are specified but none of
-	--work-tree, GIT_WORK_TREE and core.worktree is specified,
-	the current working directory is regarded as the top directory
-	of your working tree.
+	variable (see core.worktree in linkgit:git-config[1] for a
+	more detailed discussion).
 
 --bare::
 	Treat the repository as a bare repository.  If GIT_DIR
@@ -606,7 +631,6 @@
                          contents of <old|new>,
 	<old|new>-hex:: are the 40-hexdigit SHA1 hashes,
 	<old|new>-mode:: are the octal representation of the file modes.
-
 +
 The file parameters can point at the user's working file
 (e.g. `new-file` in "git-diff-files"), `/dev/null` (e.g. `old-file`
@@ -732,16 +756,12 @@
 
 Authors
 -------
-* git's founding father is Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>.
-* The current git nurse is Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>.
-* The git potty was written by Andreas Ericsson <ae@op5.se>.
-* General upbringing is handled by the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
-Documentation
---------------
-The documentation for git suite was started by David Greaves
-<david@dgreaves.com>, and later enhanced greatly by the
-contributors on the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
+Git was started by Linus Torvalds, and is currently maintained by Junio
+C Hamano. Numerous contributions have come from the git mailing list
+<git@vger.kernel.org>. For a more complete list of contributors, see
+http://git-scm.com/about. If you have a clone of git.git itself, the
+output of linkgit:git-shortlog[1] and linkgit:git-blame[1] can show you
+the authors for specific parts of the project.
 
 Reporting Bugs
 --------------
diff --git a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
index c80ca5d..15aebc6 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
@@ -335,6 +335,16 @@
 smudge filter means that the clean filter _must_ accept its own output
 without modifying it.
 
+Sequence "%f" on the filter command line is replaced with the name of
+the file the filter is working on.  A filter might use this in keyword
+substitution.  For example:
+
+------------------------
+[filter "p4"]
+	clean = git-p4-filter --clean %f
+	smudge = git-p4-filter --smudge %f
+------------------------
+
 
 Interaction between checkin/checkout attributes
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
@@ -494,6 +504,8 @@
 
 - `pascal` suitable for source code in the Pascal/Delphi language.
 
+- `perl` suitable for source code in the Perl language.
+
 - `php` suitable for source code in the PHP language.
 
 - `python` suitable for source code in the Python language.
@@ -581,13 +593,46 @@
 manually with `git update-ref -d refs/notes/textconv/jpg` (where
 "jpg" is the name of the diff driver, as in the example above).
 
+Marking files as binary
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Git usually guesses correctly whether a blob contains text or binary
+data by examining the beginning of the contents. However, sometimes you
+may want to override its decision, either because a blob contains binary
+data later in the file, or because the content, while technically
+composed of text characters, is opaque to a human reader. For example,
+many postscript files contain only ascii characters, but produce noisy
+and meaningless diffs.
+
+The simplest way to mark a file as binary is to unset the diff
+attribute in the `.gitattributes` file:
+
+------------------------
+*.ps -diff
+------------------------
+
+This will cause git to generate `Binary files differ` (or a binary
+patch, if binary patches are enabled) instead of a regular diff.
+
+However, one may also want to specify other diff driver attributes. For
+example, you might want to use `textconv` to convert postscript files to
+an ascii representation for human viewing, but otherwise treat them as
+binary files. You cannot specify both `-diff` and `diff=ps` attributes.
+The solution is to use the `diff.*.binary` config option:
+
+------------------------
+[diff "ps"]
+  textconv = ps2ascii
+  binary = true
+------------------------
+
 Performing a three-way merge
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 `merge`
 ^^^^^^^
 
-The attribute `merge` affects how three versions of a file is
+The attribute `merge` affects how three versions of a file are
 merged when a file-level merge is necessary during `git merge`,
 and other commands such as `git revert` and `git cherry-pick`.
 
@@ -601,15 +646,15 @@
 
 	Take the version from the current branch as the
 	tentative merge result, and declare that the merge has
-	conflicts.  This is suitable for binary files that does
+	conflicts.  This is suitable for binary files that do
 	not have a well-defined merge semantics.
 
 Unspecified::
 
 	By default, this uses the same built-in 3-way merge
-	driver as is the case the `merge` attribute is set.
-	However, `merge.default` configuration variable can name
-	different merge driver to be used for paths to which the
+	driver as is the case when the `merge` attribute is set.
+	However, the `merge.default` configuration variable can name
+	different merge driver to be used with paths for which the
 	`merge` attribute is unspecified.
 
 String::
@@ -723,6 +768,8 @@
 Set::
 
 	Notice all types of potential whitespace errors known to git.
+	The tab width is taken from the value of the `core.whitespace`
+	configuration variable.
 
 Unset::
 
@@ -730,13 +777,13 @@
 
 Unspecified::
 
-	Use the value of `core.whitespace` configuration variable to
+	Use the value of the `core.whitespace` configuration variable to
 	decide what to notice as error.
 
 String::
 
 	Specify a comma separate list of common whitespace problems to
-	notice in the same format as `core.whitespace` configuration
+	notice in the same format as the `core.whitespace` configuration
 	variable.
 
 
diff --git a/Documentation/gitcli.txt b/Documentation/gitcli.txt
index 6928724..f734f97 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitcli.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitcli.txt
@@ -169,10 +169,6 @@
 http://marc.info/?l=git&m=119150393620273 for further
 information.
 
-Documentation
--------------
-Documentation by Pierre Habouzit and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/githooks.txt b/Documentation/githooks.txt
index 7183aa9..28edefa 100644
--- a/Documentation/githooks.txt
+++ b/Documentation/githooks.txt
@@ -350,10 +350,6 @@
 The commits are guaranteed to be listed in the order that they were
 processed by rebase.
 
-There is no default 'post-rewrite' hook, but see the
-`post-receive-copy-notes` script in `contrib/hooks` for an example
-that copies your git-notes to the rewritten commits.
-
 
 GIT
 ---
diff --git a/Documentation/gitignore.txt b/Documentation/gitignore.txt
index 7dc2e8b..2e7328b 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitignore.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitignore.txt
@@ -14,11 +14,8 @@
 
 A `gitignore` file specifies intentionally untracked files that
 git should ignore.
-Note that all the `gitignore` files really concern only files
-that are not already tracked by git;
-in order to ignore uncommitted changes in already tracked files,
-please refer to the 'git update-index --assume-unchanged'
-documentation.
+Files already tracked by git are not affected; see the NOTES
+below for details.
 
 Each line in a `gitignore` file specifies a pattern.
 When deciding whether to ignore a path, git normally checks
@@ -62,7 +59,8 @@
 tools, such as 'git status' and 'git add',
 use patterns from the sources specified above.
 
-Patterns have the following format:
+PATTERN FORMAT
+--------------
 
  - A blank line matches no files, so it can serve as a separator
    for readability.
@@ -98,7 +96,20 @@
    For example, "/{asterisk}.c" matches "cat-file.c" but not
    "mozilla-sha1/sha1.c".
 
-An example:
+NOTES
+-----
+
+The purpose of gitignore files is to ensure that certain files
+not tracked by git remain untracked.
+
+To ignore uncommitted changes in a file that is already tracked,
+use 'git update-index {litdd}assume-unchanged'.
+
+To stop tracking a file that is currently tracked, use
+'git rm --cached'.
+
+EXAMPLES
+--------
 
 --------------------------------------------------------------
     $ git status
@@ -140,10 +151,10 @@
 The second .gitignore prevents git from ignoring
 `arch/foo/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S`.
 
-Documentation
--------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano, Josh Triplett,
-Frank Lichtenheld, and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:git-rm[1], linkgit:git-update-index[1],
+linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5]
 
 GIT
 ---
diff --git a/Documentation/gitk.txt b/Documentation/gitk.txt
index e21bac4..e10ac58 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitk.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitk.txt
@@ -113,15 +113,6 @@
 	A minimal repository browser and git tool output highlighter written
 	in C using Ncurses.
 
-Author
-------
-Written by Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>.
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano, Jonas Fonseca, and the git-list
-<git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/gitmodules.txt b/Documentation/gitmodules.txt
index bcffd95..4040941 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitmodules.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitmodules.txt
@@ -44,6 +44,14 @@
 	This config option is overridden if 'git submodule update' is given
 	the '--merge' or '--rebase' options.
 
+submodule.<name>.fetchRecurseSubmodules::
+	This option can be used to control recursive fetching of this
+	submodule. If this option is also present in the submodules entry in
+	.git/config of the superproject, the setting there will override the
+	one found in .gitmodules.
+	Both settings can be overridden on the command line by using the
+	"--[no-]recurse-submodules" option to "git fetch" and "git pull".
+
 submodule.<name>.ignore::
 	Defines under what circumstances "git status" and the diff family show
 	a submodule as modified. When set to "all", it will never be considered
@@ -82,10 +90,6 @@
 --------
 linkgit:git-submodule[1] linkgit:git-config[1]
 
-DOCUMENTATION
--------------
-Documentation by Lars Hjemli <hjemli@gmail.com>
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt b/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt
index ecab0c0..7fe5848 100644
--- a/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@
 #
 #       new file: closing.txt
 #
-# Changed but not updated:
+# Changes not staged for commit:
 #   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
 #
 #       modified: file.txt
diff --git a/Documentation/gittutorial.txt b/Documentation/gittutorial.txt
index 1c16066..0982f74 100644
--- a/Documentation/gittutorial.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gittutorial.txt
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@
 
 Unlike the longhand form, when Alice fetches from Bob using a
 remote repository shorthand set up with 'git remote', what was
-fetched is stored in a remote tracking branch, in this case
+fetched is stored in a remote-tracking branch, in this case
 `bob/master`.  So after this:
 
 -------------------------------------
@@ -402,8 +402,8 @@
 alice$ git merge bob/master
 -------------------------------------
 
-This `merge` can also be done by 'pulling from her own remote
-tracking branch', like this:
+This `merge` can also be done by 'pulling from her own remote-tracking
+branch', like this:
 
 -------------------------------------
 alice$ git pull . remotes/bob/master
diff --git a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
index 1f029f8..33716a3 100644
--- a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
+++ b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@
 	you have. In such these cases, you do not make a new <<def_merge,merge>>
 	<<def_commit,commit>> but instead just update to his
 	revision. This will happen frequently on a
-	<<def_tracking_branch,tracking branch>> of a remote
+	<<def_remote_tracking_branch,remote-tracking branch>> of a remote
 	<<def_repository,repository>>.
 
 [[def_fetch]]fetch::
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@
 	The default upstream <<def_repository,repository>>. Most projects have
 	at least one upstream project which they track. By default
 	'origin' is used for that purpose. New upstream updates
-	will be fetched into remote <<def_tracking_branch,tracking branches>> named
+	will be fetched into remote <<def_remote_tracking_branch,remote-tracking branches>> named
 	origin/name-of-upstream-branch, which you can see using
 	`git branch -r`.
 
@@ -273,6 +273,29 @@
 	<<def_pack,pack>>, to assist in efficiently accessing the contents of a
 	pack.
 
+[[def_pathspec]]pathspec::
+       Pattern used to specify paths.
++
+Pathspecs are used on the command line of "git ls-files", "git
+ls-tree", "git grep", "git checkout", and many other commands to
+limit the scope of operations to some subset of the tree or
+worktree.  See the documentation of each command for whether
+paths are relative to the current directory or toplevel.  The
+pathspec syntax is as follows:
+
+* any path matches itself
+* the pathspec up to the last slash represents a
+  directory prefix.  The scope of that pathspec is
+  limited to that subtree.
+* the rest of the pathspec is a pattern for the remainder
+  of the pathname.  Paths relative to the directory
+  prefix will be matched against that pattern using fnmatch(3);
+  in particular, '*' and '?' _can_ match directory separators.
++
+For example, Documentation/*.jpg will match all .jpg files
+in the Documentation subtree,
+including Documentation/chapter_1/figure_1.jpg.
+
 [[def_parent]]parent::
 	A <<def_commit_object,commit object>> contains a (possibly empty) list
 	of the logical predecessor(s) in the line of development, i.e. its
@@ -349,6 +372,14 @@
 	master branch head as to-upstream branch at $URL". See also
 	linkgit:git-push[1].
 
+[[def_remote_tracking_branch]]remote-tracking branch::
+	A regular git <<def_branch,branch>> that is used to follow changes from
+	another <<def_repository,repository>>. A remote-tracking
+	branch should not contain direct modifications or have local commits
+	made to it. A remote-tracking branch can usually be
+	identified as the right-hand-side <<def_ref,ref>> in a Pull:
+	<<def_refspec,refspec>>.
+
 [[def_repository]]repository::
 	A collection of <<def_ref,refs>> together with an
 	<<def_object_database,object database>> containing all objects
@@ -418,14 +449,6 @@
 	that each contain very well defined concepts or small incremental yet
 	related changes.
 
-[[def_tracking_branch]]tracking branch::
-	A regular git <<def_branch,branch>> that is used to follow changes from
-	another <<def_repository,repository>>. A tracking
-	branch should not contain direct modifications or have local commits
-	made to it. A tracking branch can usually be
-	identified as the right-hand-side <<def_ref,ref>> in a Pull:
-	<<def_refspec,refspec>>.
-
 [[def_tree]]tree::
 	Either a <<def_working_tree,working tree>>, or a <<def_tree_object,tree
 	object>> together with the dependent <<def_blob_object,blob>> and tree objects
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/using-merge-subtree.txt b/Documentation/howto/using-merge-subtree.txt
index 0953a50..2933056 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/using-merge-subtree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/using-merge-subtree.txt
@@ -71,5 +71,5 @@
   relevant parts of your tree.
 
 - Please note that if the other project merges from you, then it will
-  connects its history to yours, which can be something they don't want
+  connect its history to yours, which can be something they don't want
   to.
diff --git a/Documentation/merge-config.txt b/Documentation/merge-config.txt
index 92772e7..8920258 100644
--- a/Documentation/merge-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/merge-config.txt
@@ -6,11 +6,21 @@
 	a `>>>>>>>` marker.  An alternate style, "diff3", adds a `|||||||`
 	marker and the original text before the `=======` marker.
 
+merge.defaultToUpstream::
+	If merge is called without any commit argument, merge the upstream
+	branches configured for the current branch by using their last
+	observed values stored in their remote tracking branches.
+	The values of the `branch.<current branch>.merge` that name the
+	branches at the remote named by `branch.<current branch>.remote`
+	are consulted, and then they are mapped via `remote.<remote>.fetch`
+	to their corresponding remote tracking branches, and the tips of
+	these tracking branches are merged.
+
 merge.log::
 	In addition to branch names, populate the log message with at
 	most the specified number of one-line descriptions from the
 	actual commits that are being merged.  Defaults to false, and
-	true is a synoym for 20.
+	true is a synonym for 20.
 
 merge.renameLimit::
 	The number of files to consider when performing rename detection
@@ -33,10 +43,10 @@
 
 merge.tool::
 	Controls which merge resolution program is used by
-	linkgit:git-mergetool[1].  Valid built-in values are: "kdiff3",
-	"tkdiff", "meld", "xxdiff", "emerge", "vimdiff", "gvimdiff",
-	"diffuse", "ecmerge", "tortoisemerge", "p4merge", "araxis" and
-	"opendiff".  Any other value is treated is custom merge tool
+	linkgit:git-mergetool[1].  Valid built-in values are: "araxis",
+	"bc3", "diffuse", "ecmerge", "emerge", "gvimdiff", "kdiff3", "meld",
+	"opendiff", "p4merge", "tkdiff", "tortoisemerge", "vimdiff"
+	and "xxdiff".  Any other value is treated is custom merge tool
 	and there must be a corresponding mergetool.<tool>.cmd option.
 
 merge.verbosity::
diff --git a/Documentation/merge-options.txt b/Documentation/merge-options.txt
index e33e0f8..b613d4e 100644
--- a/Documentation/merge-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/merge-options.txt
@@ -75,9 +75,17 @@
 ifndef::git-pull[]
 -q::
 --quiet::
-	Operate quietly.
+	Operate quietly. Implies --no-progress.
 
 -v::
 --verbose::
 	Be verbose.
+
+--progress::
+--no-progress::
+	Turn progress on/off explicitly. If neither is specified,
+	progress is shown if standard error is connected to a terminal.
+	Note that not all merge strategies may support progress
+	reporting.
+
 endif::git-pull[]
diff --git a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
index 7a42567..73111bb 100644
--- a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
@@ -1,166 +1,17 @@
-Commit Formatting
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-ifdef::git-rev-list[]
-Using these options, linkgit:git-rev-list[1] will act similar to the
-more specialized family of commit log tools: linkgit:git-log[1],
-linkgit:git-show[1], and linkgit:git-whatchanged[1]
-endif::git-rev-list[]
-
-include::pretty-options.txt[]
-
---relative-date::
-
-	Synonym for `--date=relative`.
-
---date=(relative|local|default|iso|rfc|short|raw)::
-
-	Only takes effect for dates shown in human-readable format, such
-	as when using "--pretty". `log.date` config variable sets a default
-	value for log command's --date option.
-+
-`--date=relative` shows dates relative to the current time,
-e.g. "2 hours ago".
-+
-`--date=local` shows timestamps in user's local timezone.
-+
-`--date=iso` (or `--date=iso8601`) shows timestamps in ISO 8601 format.
-+
-`--date=rfc` (or `--date=rfc2822`) shows timestamps in RFC 2822
-format, often found in E-mail messages.
-+
-`--date=short` shows only date but not time, in `YYYY-MM-DD` format.
-+
-`--date=raw` shows the date in the internal raw git format `%s %z` format.
-+
-`--date=default` shows timestamps in the original timezone
-(either committer's or author's).
-
-ifdef::git-rev-list[]
---header::
-
-	Print the contents of the commit in raw-format; each record is
-	separated with a NUL character.
-endif::git-rev-list[]
-
---parents::
-
-	Print also the parents of the commit (in the form "commit parent...").
-	Also enables parent rewriting, see 'History Simplification' below.
-
---children::
-
-	Print also the children of the commit (in the form "commit child...").
-	Also enables parent rewriting, see 'History Simplification' below.
-
-ifdef::git-rev-list[]
---timestamp::
-	Print the raw commit timestamp.
-endif::git-rev-list[]
-
---left-right::
-
-	Mark which side of a symmetric diff a commit is reachable from.
-	Commits from the left side are prefixed with `<` and those from
-	the right with `>`.  If combined with `--boundary`, those
-	commits are prefixed with `-`.
-+
-For example, if you have this topology:
-+
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-             y---b---b  branch B
-            / \ /
-           /   .
-          /   / \
-         o---x---a---a  branch A
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-+
-you would get an output like this:
-+
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-	$ git rev-list --left-right --boundary --pretty=oneline A...B
-
-	>bbbbbbb... 3rd on b
-	>bbbbbbb... 2nd on b
-	<aaaaaaa... 3rd on a
-	<aaaaaaa... 2nd on a
-	-yyyyyyy... 1st on b
-	-xxxxxxx... 1st on a
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
---graph::
-
-	Draw a text-based graphical representation of the commit history
-	on the left hand side of the output.  This may cause extra lines
-	to be printed in between commits, in order for the graph history
-	to be drawn properly.
-+
-This implies the '--topo-order' option by default, but the
-'--date-order' option may also be specified.
-
-ifdef::git-rev-list[]
---count::
-	Print a number stating how many commits would have been
-	listed, and suppress all other output.  When used together
-	with '--left-right', instead print the counts for left and
-	right commits, separated by a tab.
-endif::git-rev-list[]
-
-
-ifndef::git-rev-list[]
-Diff Formatting
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-Below are listed options that control the formatting of diff output.
-Some of them are specific to linkgit:git-rev-list[1], however other diff
-options may be given. See linkgit:git-diff-files[1] for more options.
-
--c::
-
-	With this option, diff output for a merge commit
-	shows the differences from each of the parents to the merge result
-	simultaneously instead of showing pairwise diff between a parent
-	and the result one at a time. Furthermore, it lists only files
-	which were modified from all parents.
-
---cc::
-
-	This flag implies the '-c' options and further compresses the
-	patch output by omitting uninteresting hunks whose contents in
-	the parents have only two variants and the merge result picks
-	one of them without modification.
-
--m::
-
-	This flag makes the merge commits show the full diff like
-	regular commits; for each merge parent, a separate log entry
-	and diff is generated. An exception is that only diff against
-	the first parent is shown when '--first-parent' option is given;
-	in that case, the output represents the changes the merge
-	brought _into_ the then-current branch.
-
--r::
-
-	Show recursive diffs.
-
--t::
-
-	Show the tree objects in the diff output. This implies '-r'.
-endif::git-rev-list[]
-
 Commit Limiting
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 Besides specifying a range of commits that should be listed using the
 special notations explained in the description, additional commit
-limiting may be applied.
+limiting may be applied. Note that they are applied before commit
+ordering and formatting options, such as '--reverse'.
 
 --
 
 -n 'number'::
 --max-count=<number>::
 
-	Limit the number of commits output.
+	Limit the number of commits to output.
 
 --skip=<number>::
 
@@ -221,11 +72,26 @@
 
 --merges::
 
-	Print only merge commits.
+	Print only merge commits. This is exactly the same as `--min-parents=2`.
 
 --no-merges::
 
-	Do not print commits with more than one parent.
+	Do not print commits with more than one parent. This is
+	exactly the same as `--max-parents=1`.
+
+--min-parents=<number>::
+--max-parents=<number>::
+--no-min-parents::
+--no-max-parents::
+
+	Show only commits which have at least (or at most) that many
+	commits. In particular, `--max-parents=1` is the same as `--no-merges`,
+	`--min-parents=2` is the same as `--merges`.  `--max-parents=0`
+	gives all root commits and `--min-parents=3` all octopus merges.
++
+`--no-min-parents` and `--no-max-parents` reset these limits (to no limit)
+again.  Equivalent forms are `--min-parents=0` (any commit has 0 or more
+parents) and `--max-parents=-1` (negative numbers denote no upper limit).
 
 --first-parent::
 	Follow only the first parent commit upon seeing a merge
@@ -264,7 +130,7 @@
 
 	Pretend as if all the refs in `refs/remotes` are listed
 	on the command line as '<commit>'. If '<pattern>' is given, limit
-	remote tracking branches to ones matching given shell glob.
+	remote-tracking branches to ones matching given shell glob.
 	If pattern lacks '?', '*', or '[', '/*' at the end is implied.
 
 --glob=<glob-pattern>::
@@ -300,6 +166,11 @@
 	to /dev/null as the output does not have to be formatted.
 endif::git-rev-list[]
 
+--cherry-mark::
+
+	Like `--cherry-pick` (see below) but mark equivalent commits
+	with `=` rather than omitting them, and inequivalent ones with `+`.
+
 --cherry-pick::
 
 	Omit any commit that introduces the same change as
@@ -308,12 +179,33 @@
 +
 For example, if you have two branches, `A` and `B`, a usual way
 to list all commits on only one side of them is with
-`--left-right`, like the example above in the description of
-that option.  It however shows the commits that were cherry-picked
+`--left-right` (see the example below in the description of
+the `--left-right` option).  It however shows the commits that were cherry-picked
 from the other branch (for example, "3rd on b" may be cherry-picked
 from branch A).  With this option, such pairs of commits are
 excluded from the output.
 
+--left-only::
+--right-only::
+
+	List only commits on the respective side of a symmetric range,
+	i.e. only those which would be marked `<` resp. `>` by
+	`--left-right`.
++
+For example, `--cherry-pick --right-only A...B` omits those
+commits from `B` which are in `A` or are patch-equivalent to a commit in
+`A`. In other words, this lists the `{plus}` commits from `git cherry A B`.
+More precisely, `--cherry-pick --right-only --no-merges` gives the exact
+list.
+
+--cherry::
+
+	A synonym for `--right-only --cherry-mark --no-merges`; useful to
+	limit the output to the commits on our side and mark those that
+	have been applied to the other side of a forked history with
+	`git log --cherry upstream...mybranch`, similar to
+	`git cherry upstream mybranch`.
+
 -g::
 --walk-reflogs::
 
@@ -730,3 +622,158 @@
 --do-walk::
 
 	Overrides a previous --no-walk.
+
+Commit Formatting
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+ifdef::git-rev-list[]
+Using these options, linkgit:git-rev-list[1] will act similar to the
+more specialized family of commit log tools: linkgit:git-log[1],
+linkgit:git-show[1], and linkgit:git-whatchanged[1]
+endif::git-rev-list[]
+
+include::pretty-options.txt[]
+
+--relative-date::
+
+	Synonym for `--date=relative`.
+
+--date=(relative|local|default|iso|rfc|short|raw)::
+
+	Only takes effect for dates shown in human-readable format, such
+	as when using "--pretty". `log.date` config variable sets a default
+	value for log command's --date option.
++
+`--date=relative` shows dates relative to the current time,
+e.g. "2 hours ago".
++
+`--date=local` shows timestamps in user's local timezone.
++
+`--date=iso` (or `--date=iso8601`) shows timestamps in ISO 8601 format.
++
+`--date=rfc` (or `--date=rfc2822`) shows timestamps in RFC 2822
+format, often found in E-mail messages.
++
+`--date=short` shows only date but not time, in `YYYY-MM-DD` format.
++
+`--date=raw` shows the date in the internal raw git format `%s %z` format.
++
+`--date=default` shows timestamps in the original timezone
+(either committer's or author's).
+
+ifdef::git-rev-list[]
+--header::
+
+	Print the contents of the commit in raw-format; each record is
+	separated with a NUL character.
+endif::git-rev-list[]
+
+--parents::
+
+	Print also the parents of the commit (in the form "commit parent...").
+	Also enables parent rewriting, see 'History Simplification' below.
+
+--children::
+
+	Print also the children of the commit (in the form "commit child...").
+	Also enables parent rewriting, see 'History Simplification' below.
+
+ifdef::git-rev-list[]
+--timestamp::
+	Print the raw commit timestamp.
+endif::git-rev-list[]
+
+--left-right::
+
+	Mark which side of a symmetric diff a commit is reachable from.
+	Commits from the left side are prefixed with `<` and those from
+	the right with `>`.  If combined with `--boundary`, those
+	commits are prefixed with `-`.
++
+For example, if you have this topology:
++
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+	     y---b---b  branch B
+	    / \ /
+	   /   .
+	  /   / \
+	 o---x---a---a  branch A
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
++
+you would get an output like this:
++
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+	$ git rev-list --left-right --boundary --pretty=oneline A...B
+
+	>bbbbbbb... 3rd on b
+	>bbbbbbb... 2nd on b
+	<aaaaaaa... 3rd on a
+	<aaaaaaa... 2nd on a
+	-yyyyyyy... 1st on b
+	-xxxxxxx... 1st on a
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+--graph::
+
+	Draw a text-based graphical representation of the commit history
+	on the left hand side of the output.  This may cause extra lines
+	to be printed in between commits, in order for the graph history
+	to be drawn properly.
++
+This enables parent rewriting, see 'History Simplification' below.
++
+This implies the '--topo-order' option by default, but the
+'--date-order' option may also be specified.
+
+ifdef::git-rev-list[]
+--count::
+	Print a number stating how many commits would have been
+	listed, and suppress all other output.  When used together
+	with '--left-right', instead print the counts for left and
+	right commits, separated by a tab.
+endif::git-rev-list[]
+
+
+ifndef::git-rev-list[]
+Diff Formatting
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Below are listed options that control the formatting of diff output.
+Some of them are specific to linkgit:git-rev-list[1], however other diff
+options may be given. See linkgit:git-diff-files[1] for more options.
+
+-c::
+
+	With this option, diff output for a merge commit
+	shows the differences from each of the parents to the merge result
+	simultaneously instead of showing pairwise diff between a parent
+	and the result one at a time. Furthermore, it lists only files
+	which were modified from all parents.
+
+--cc::
+
+	This flag implies the '-c' options and further compresses the
+	patch output by omitting uninteresting hunks whose contents in
+	the parents have only two variants and the merge result picks
+	one of them without modification.
+
+-m::
+
+	This flag makes the merge commits show the full diff like
+	regular commits; for each merge parent, a separate log entry
+	and diff is generated. An exception is that only diff against
+	the first parent is shown when '--first-parent' option is given;
+	in that case, the output represents the changes the merge
+	brought _into_ the then-current branch.
+
+-r::
+
+	Show recursive diffs.
+
+-t::
+
+	Show the tree objects in the diff output. This implies '-r'.
+
+-s::
+	Suppress diff output.
+endif::git-rev-list[]
diff --git a/Documentation/revisions.txt b/Documentation/revisions.txt
index 3d4b79c..b290b61 100644
--- a/Documentation/revisions.txt
+++ b/Documentation/revisions.txt
@@ -1,134 +1,163 @@
 SPECIFYING REVISIONS
 --------------------
 
-A revision parameter typically, but not necessarily, names a
-commit object.  They use what is called an 'extended SHA1'
+A revision parameter '<rev>' typically, but not necessarily, names a
+commit object.  It uses what is called an 'extended SHA1'
 syntax.  Here are various ways to spell object names.  The
-ones listed near the end of this list are to name trees and
+ones listed near the end of this list name trees and
 blobs contained in a commit.
 
-* The full SHA1 object name (40-byte hexadecimal string), or
-  a substring of such that is unique within the repository.
+'<sha1>', e.g. 'dae86e1950b1277e545cee180551750029cfe735', 'dae86e'::
+  The full SHA1 object name (40-byte hexadecimal string), or
+  a leading substring that is unique within the repository.
   E.g. dae86e1950b1277e545cee180551750029cfe735 and dae86e both
-  name the same commit object if there are no other object in
+  name the same commit object if there is no other object in
   your repository whose object name starts with dae86e.
 
-* An output from 'git describe'; i.e. a closest tag, optionally
+'<describeOutput>', e.g. 'v1.7.4.2-679-g3bee7fb'::
+  Output from `git describe`; i.e. a closest tag, optionally
   followed by a dash and a number of commits, followed by a dash, a
-  `g`, and an abbreviated object name.
+  'g', and an abbreviated object name.
 
-* A symbolic ref name.  E.g. 'master' typically means the commit
-  object referenced by refs/heads/master.  If you
-  happen to have both heads/master and tags/master, you can
+'<refname>', e.g. 'master', 'heads/master', 'refs/heads/master'::
+  A symbolic ref name.  E.g. 'master' typically means the commit
+  object referenced by 'refs/heads/master'.  If you
+  happen to have both 'heads/master' and 'tags/master', you can
   explicitly say 'heads/master' to tell git which one you mean.
-  When ambiguous, a `<name>` is disambiguated by taking the
+  When ambiguous, a '<name>' is disambiguated by taking the
   first match in the following rules:
 
-  . if `$GIT_DIR/<name>` exists, that is what you mean (this is usually
-    useful only for `HEAD`, `FETCH_HEAD`, `ORIG_HEAD` and `MERGE_HEAD`);
+  . If '$GIT_DIR/<name>' exists, that is what you mean (this is usually
+    useful only for 'HEAD', 'FETCH_HEAD', 'ORIG_HEAD', 'MERGE_HEAD'
+    and 'CHERRY_PICK_HEAD');
 
-  . otherwise, `refs/<name>` if exists;
+  . otherwise, 'refs/<name>' if it exists;
 
-  . otherwise, `refs/tags/<name>` if exists;
+  . otherwise, 'refs/tags/<refname>' if it exists;
 
-  . otherwise, `refs/heads/<name>` if exists;
+  . otherwise, 'refs/heads/<name>' if it exists;
 
-  . otherwise, `refs/remotes/<name>` if exists;
+  . otherwise, 'refs/remotes/<name>' if it exists;
 
-  . otherwise, `refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD` if exists.
+  . otherwise, 'refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD' if it exists.
 +
-HEAD names the commit your changes in the working tree is based on.
-FETCH_HEAD records the branch you fetched from a remote repository
-with your last 'git fetch' invocation.
-ORIG_HEAD is created by commands that moves your HEAD in a drastic
-way, to record the position of the HEAD before their operation, so that
-you can change the tip of the branch back to the state before you ran
-them easily.
-MERGE_HEAD records the commit(s) you are merging into your branch
-when you run 'git merge'.
+'HEAD' names the commit on which you based the changes in the working tree.
+'FETCH_HEAD' records the branch which you fetched from a remote repository
+with your last `git fetch` invocation.
+'ORIG_HEAD' is created by commands that move your 'HEAD' in a drastic
+way, to record the position of the 'HEAD' before their operation, so that
+you can easily change the tip of the branch back to the state before you ran
+them.
+'MERGE_HEAD' records the commit(s) which you are merging into your branch
+when you run `git merge`.
+'CHERRY_PICK_HEAD' records the commit which you are cherry-picking
+when you run `git cherry-pick`.
 +
-Note that any of the `refs/*` cases above may come either from
-the `$GIT_DIR/refs` directory or from the `$GIT_DIR/packed-refs` file.
+Note that any of the 'refs/*' cases above may come either from
+the '$GIT_DIR/refs' directory or from the '$GIT_DIR/packed-refs' file.
 
-* A ref followed by the suffix '@' with a date specification
+'<refname>@\{<date>\}', e.g. 'master@\{yesterday\}', 'HEAD@\{5 minutes ago\}'::
+  A ref followed by the suffix '@' with a date specification
   enclosed in a brace
   pair (e.g. '\{yesterday\}', '\{1 month 2 weeks 3 days 1 hour 1
-  second ago\}' or '\{1979-02-26 18:30:00\}') to specify the value
+  second ago\}' or '\{1979-02-26 18:30:00\}') specifies the value
   of the ref at a prior point in time.  This suffix may only be
   used immediately following a ref name and the ref must have an
-  existing log ($GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>). Note that this looks up the state
+  existing log ('$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>'). Note that this looks up the state
   of your *local* ref at a given time; e.g., what was in your local
-  `master` branch last week. If you want to look at commits made during
-  certain times, see `--since` and `--until`.
+  'master' branch last week. If you want to look at commits made during
+  certain times, see '--since' and '--until'.
 
-* A ref followed by the suffix '@' with an ordinal specification
-  enclosed in a brace pair (e.g. '\{1\}', '\{15\}') to specify
+'<refname>@\{<n>\}', e.g. 'master@\{1\}'::
+  A ref followed by the suffix '@' with an ordinal specification
+  enclosed in a brace pair (e.g. '\{1\}', '\{15\}') specifies
   the n-th prior value of that ref.  For example 'master@\{1\}'
   is the immediate prior value of 'master' while 'master@\{5\}'
   is the 5th prior value of 'master'. This suffix may only be used
   immediately following a ref name and the ref must have an existing
-  log ($GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>).
+  log ('$GIT_DIR/logs/<refname>').
 
-* You can use the '@' construct with an empty ref part to get at a
-  reflog of the current branch. For example, if you are on the
-  branch 'blabla', then '@\{1\}' means the same as 'blabla@\{1\}'.
+'@\{<n>\}', e.g. '@\{1\}'::
+  You can use the '@' construct with an empty ref part to get at a
+  reflog entry of the current branch. For example, if you are on
+  branch 'blabla' then '@\{1\}' means the same as 'blabla@\{1\}'.
 
-* The special construct '@\{-<n>\}' means the <n>th branch checked out
+'@\{-<n>\}', e.g. '@\{-1\}'::
+  The construct '@\{-<n>\}' means the <n>th branch checked out
   before the current one.
 
-* The suffix '@\{upstream\}' to a ref (short form 'ref@\{u\}') refers to
-  the branch the ref is set to build on top of.  Missing ref defaults
+'<refname>@\{upstream\}', e.g. 'master@\{upstream\}', '@\{u\}'::
+  The suffix '@\{upstream\}' to a ref (short form '<refname>@\{u\}') refers to
+  the branch the ref is set to build on top of.  A missing ref defaults
   to the current branch.
 
-* A suffix '{caret}' to a revision parameter (e.g. 'HEAD{caret}') means the first parent of
+'<rev>{caret}', e.g. 'HEAD{caret}, v1.5.1{caret}0'::
+  A suffix '{caret}' to a revision parameter means the first parent of
   that commit object.  '{caret}<n>' means the <n>th parent (i.e.
-  'rev{caret}'
-  is equivalent to 'rev{caret}1').  As a special rule,
-  'rev{caret}0' means the commit itself and is used when 'rev' is the
+  '<rev>{caret}'
+  is equivalent to '<rev>{caret}1').  As a special rule,
+  '<rev>{caret}0' means the commit itself and is used when '<rev>' is the
   object name of a tag object that refers to a commit object.
 
-* A suffix '{tilde}<n>' to a revision parameter means the commit
+'<rev>{tilde}<n>', e.g. 'master{tilde}3'::
+  A suffix '{tilde}<n>' to a revision parameter means the commit
   object that is the <n>th generation grand-parent of the named
-  commit object, following only the first parent.  I.e. rev~3 is
-  equivalent to rev{caret}{caret}{caret} which is equivalent to
-  rev{caret}1{caret}1{caret}1.  See below for a illustration of
+  commit object, following only the first parents.  I.e. '<rev>{tilde}3' is
+  equivalent to '<rev>{caret}{caret}{caret}' which is equivalent to
+  '<rev>{caret}1{caret}1{caret}1'.  See below for an illustration of
   the usage of this form.
 
-* A suffix '{caret}' followed by an object type name enclosed in
-  brace pair (e.g. `v0.99.8{caret}\{commit\}`) means the object
+'<rev>{caret}\{<type>\}', e.g. 'v0.99.8{caret}\{commit\}'::
+  A suffix '{caret}' followed by an object type name enclosed in
+  brace pair means the object
   could be a tag, and dereference the tag recursively until an
   object of that type is found or the object cannot be
-  dereferenced anymore (in which case, barf).  `rev{caret}0`
-  introduced earlier is a short-hand for `rev{caret}\{commit\}`.
+  dereferenced anymore (in which case, barf).  '<rev>{caret}0'
+  is a short-hand for '<rev>{caret}\{commit\}'.
 
-* A suffix '{caret}' followed by an empty brace pair
-  (e.g. `v0.99.8{caret}\{\}`) means the object could be a tag,
+'<rev>{caret}\{\}', e.g. 'v0.99.8{caret}\{\}'::
+  A suffix '{caret}' followed by an empty brace pair
+  means the object could be a tag,
   and dereference the tag recursively until a non-tag object is
   found.
 
-* A colon, followed by a slash, followed by a text (e.g. `:/fix nasty bug`): this names
+'<rev>{caret}\{/<text>\}', e.g. 'HEAD^{/fix nasty bug}'::
+  A suffix '{caret}' to a revision parameter, followed by a brace
+  pair that contains a text led by a slash,
+  is the same as the ':/fix nasty bug' syntax below except that
+  it returns the youngest matching commit which is reachable from
+  the '<rev>' before '{caret}'.
+
+':/<text>', e.g. ':/fix nasty bug'::
+  A colon, followed by a slash, followed by a text, names
   a commit whose commit message matches the specified regular expression.
   This name returns the youngest matching commit which is
   reachable from any ref.  If the commit message starts with a
-  '!', you have to repeat that;  the special sequence ':/!',
-  followed by something else than '!' is reserved for now.
+  '!' you have to repeat that;  the special sequence ':/!',
+  followed by something else than '!', is reserved for now.
   The regular expression can match any part of the commit message. To
-  match messages starting with a string, one can use e.g. `:/^foo`.
+  match messages starting with a string, one can use e.g. ':/^foo'.
 
-* A suffix ':' followed by a path (e.g. `HEAD:README`); this names the blob or tree
+'<rev>:<path>', e.g. 'HEAD:README', ':README', 'master:./README'::
+  A suffix ':' followed by a path names the blob or tree
   at the given path in the tree-ish object named by the part
   before the colon.
-  ':path' (with an empty part before the colon, e.g. `:README`)
+  ':path' (with an empty part before the colon)
   is a special case of the syntax described next: content
   recorded in the index at the given path.
+  A path starting with './' or '../' is relative to the current working directory.
+  The given path will be converted to be relative to the working tree's root directory.
+  This is most useful to address a blob or tree from a commit or tree that has
+  the same tree structure as the working tree.
 
-* A colon, optionally followed by a stage number (0 to 3) and a
-  colon, followed by a path (e.g. `:0:README`); this names a blob object in the
-  index at the given path. Missing stage number (and the colon
-  that follows it, e.g. `:README`) names a stage 0 entry. During a merge, stage
+':<n>:<path>', e.g. ':0:README', ':README'::
+  A colon, optionally followed by a stage number (0 to 3) and a
+  colon, followed by a path, names a blob object in the
+  index at the given path. A missing stage number (and the colon
+  that follows it) names a stage 0 entry. During a merge, stage
   1 is the common ancestor, stage 2 is the target branch's version
   (typically the current branch), and stage 3 is the version from
-  the branch being merged.
+  the branch which is being merged.
 
 Here is an illustration, by Jon Loeliger.  Both commit nodes B
 and C are parents of commit node A.  Parent commits are ordered
@@ -162,31 +191,31 @@
 SPECIFYING RANGES
 -----------------
 
-History traversing commands such as 'git log' operate on a set
+History traversing commands such as `git log` operate on a set
 of commits, not just a single commit.  To these commands,
 specifying a single revision with the notation described in the
 previous section means the set of commits reachable from that
 commit, following the commit ancestry chain.
 
-To exclude commits reachable from a commit, a prefix `{caret}`
-notation is used.  E.g. `{caret}r1 r2` means commits reachable
-from `r2` but exclude the ones reachable from `r1`.
+To exclude commits reachable from a commit, a prefix '{caret}'
+notation is used.  E.g. '{caret}r1 r2' means commits reachable
+from 'r2' but exclude the ones reachable from 'r1'.
 
 This set operation appears so often that there is a shorthand
-for it.  When you have two commits `r1` and `r2` (named according
+for it.  When you have two commits 'r1' and 'r2' (named according
 to the syntax explained in SPECIFYING REVISIONS above), you can ask
 for commits that are reachable from r2 excluding those that are reachable
-from r1 by `{caret}r1 r2` and it can be written as `r1..r2`.
+from r1 by '{caret}r1 r2' and it can be written as 'r1..r2'.
 
-A similar notation `r1\...r2` is called symmetric difference
-of `r1` and `r2` and is defined as
-`r1 r2 --not $(git merge-base --all r1 r2)`.
+A similar notation 'r1\...r2' is called symmetric difference
+of 'r1' and 'r2' and is defined as
+'r1 r2 --not $(git merge-base --all r1 r2)'.
 It is the set of commits that are reachable from either one of
-`r1` or `r2` but not from both.
+'r1' or 'r2' but not from both.
 
 Two other shorthands for naming a set that is formed by a commit
-and its parent commits exist.  The `r1{caret}@` notation means all
-parents of `r1`.  `r1{caret}!` includes commit `r1` but excludes
+and its parent commits exist.  The 'r1{caret}@' notation means all
+parents of 'r1'.  'r1{caret}!' includes commit 'r1' but excludes
 all of its parents.
 
 Here are a handful of examples:
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-diff.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-diff.txt
index 20b0241..2d2ebc0 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-diff.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-diff.txt
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 
 * As you find different pairs of files, call `diff_change()` to feed
   modified files, `diff_addremove()` to feed created or deleted files,
-  or `diff_unmerged()` to feed a file whose state is 'unmerged' to the
+  or `diff_unmerge()` to feed a file whose state is 'unmerged' to the
   API.  These are thin wrappers to a lower-level `diff_queue()` function
   that is flexible enough to record any of these kinds of changes.
 
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
 This is the internal representation for a single file (blob).  It
 records the blob object name (if known -- for a work tree file it
 typically is a NUL SHA-1), filemode and pathname.  This is what the
-`diff_addremove()`, `diff_change()` and `diff_unmerged()` synthesize and
+`diff_addremove()`, `diff_change()` and `diff_unmerge()` synthesize and
 feed `diff_queue()` function with.
 
 * `struct diff_filepair`
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt
index c5d141c..f6a4a36 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt
@@ -118,13 +118,16 @@
 `OPT__COLOR(&int_var, description)`::
 	Add `\--color[=<when>]` and `--no-color`.
 
-`OPT__DRY_RUN(&int_var)`::
+`OPT__DRY_RUN(&int_var, description)`::
 	Add `-n, \--dry-run`.
 
-`OPT__QUIET(&int_var)`::
+`OPT__FORCE(&int_var, description)`::
+	Add `-f, \--force`.
+
+`OPT__QUIET(&int_var, description)`::
 	Add `-q, \--quiet`.
 
-`OPT__VERBOSE(&int_var)`::
+`OPT__VERBOSE(&int_var, description)`::
 	Add `-v, \--verbose`.
 
 `OPT_GROUP(description)`::
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-sigchain.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-sigchain.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e1189e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-sigchain.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+sigchain API
+============
+
+Code often wants to set a signal handler to clean up temporary files or
+other work-in-progress when we die unexpectedly. For multiple pieces of
+code to do this without conflicting, each piece of code must remember
+the old value of the handler and restore it either when:
+
+  1. The work-in-progress is finished, and the handler is no longer
+     necessary. The handler should revert to the original behavior
+     (either another handler, SIG_DFL, or SIG_IGN).
+
+  2. The signal is received. We should then do our cleanup, then chain
+     to the next handler (or die if it is SIG_DFL).
+
+Sigchain is a tiny library for keeping a stack of handlers. Your handler
+and installation code should look something like:
+
+------------------------------------------
+  void clean_foo_on_signal(int sig)
+  {
+	  clean_foo();
+	  sigchain_pop(sig);
+	  raise(sig);
+  }
+
+  void other_func()
+  {
+	  sigchain_push_common(clean_foo_on_signal);
+	  mess_up_foo();
+	  clean_foo();
+  }
+------------------------------------------
+
+Handlers are given the typedef of sigchain_fun. This is the same type
+that is given to signal() or sigaction(). It is perfectly reasonable to
+push SIG_DFL or SIG_IGN onto the stack.
+
+You can sigchain_push and sigchain_pop individual signals. For
+convenience, sigchain_push_common will push the handler onto the stack
+for many common signals.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/index-format.txt b/Documentation/technical/index-format.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7b233ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/index-format.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+GIT index format
+================
+
+= The git index file has the following format
+
+  All binary numbers are in network byte order. Version 2 is described
+  here unless stated otherwise.
+
+   - A 12-byte header consisting of
+
+     4-byte signature:
+       The signature is { 'D', 'I', 'R', 'C' } (stands for "dircache")
+
+     4-byte version number:
+       The current supported versions are 2 and 3.
+
+     32-bit number of index entries.
+
+   - A number of sorted index entries (see below).
+
+   - Extensions
+
+     Extensions are identified by signature. Optional extensions can
+     be ignored if GIT does not understand them.
+
+     GIT currently supports cached tree and resolve undo extensions.
+
+     4-byte extension signature. If the first byte is 'A'..'Z' the
+     extension is optional and can be ignored.
+
+     32-bit size of the extension
+
+     Extension data
+
+   - 160-bit SHA-1 over the content of the index file before this
+     checksum.
+
+== Index entry
+
+  Index entries are sorted in ascending order on the name field,
+  interpreted as a string of unsigned bytes (i.e. memcmp() order, no
+  localization, no special casing of directory separator '/'). Entries
+  with the same name are sorted by their stage field.
+
+  32-bit ctime seconds, the last time a file's metadata changed
+    this is stat(2) data
+
+  32-bit ctime nanosecond fractions
+    this is stat(2) data
+
+  32-bit mtime seconds, the last time a file's data changed
+    this is stat(2) data
+
+  32-bit mtime nanosecond fractions
+    this is stat(2) data
+
+  32-bit dev
+    this is stat(2) data
+
+  32-bit ino
+    this is stat(2) data
+
+  32-bit mode, split into (high to low bits)
+
+    4-bit object type
+      valid values in binary are 1000 (regular file), 1010 (symbolic link)
+      and 1110 (gitlink)
+
+    3-bit unused
+
+    9-bit unix permission. Only 0755 and 0644 are valid for regular files.
+    Symbolic links and gitlinks have value 0 in this field.
+
+  32-bit uid
+    this is stat(2) data
+
+  32-bit gid
+    this is stat(2) data
+
+  32-bit file size
+    This is the on-disk size from stat(2), truncated to 32-bit.
+
+  160-bit SHA-1 for the represented object
+
+  A 16-bit 'flags' field split into (high to low bits)
+
+    1-bit assume-valid flag
+
+    1-bit extended flag (must be zero in version 2)
+
+    2-bit stage (during merge)
+
+    12-bit name length if the length is less than 0xFFF; otherwise 0xFFF
+    is stored in this field.
+
+  (Version 3) A 16-bit field, only applicable if the "extended flag"
+  above is 1, split into (high to low bits).
+
+    1-bit reserved for future
+
+    1-bit skip-worktree flag (used by sparse checkout)
+
+    1-bit intent-to-add flag (used by "git add -N")
+
+    13-bit unused, must be zero
+
+  Entry path name (variable length) relative to top level directory
+    (without leading slash). '/' is used as path separator. The special
+    path components ".", ".." and ".git" (without quotes) are disallowed.
+    Trailing slash is also disallowed.
+
+    The exact encoding is undefined, but the '.' and '/' characters
+    are encoded in 7-bit ASCII and the encoding cannot contain a NUL
+    byte (iow, this is a UNIX pathname).
+
+  1-8 nul bytes as necessary to pad the entry to a multiple of eight bytes
+  while keeping the name NUL-terminated.
+
+== Extensions
+
+=== Cached tree
+
+  Cached tree extension contains pre-computed hashes for trees that can
+  be derived from the index. It helps speed up tree object generation
+  from index for a new commit.
+
+  When a path is updated in index, the path must be invalidated and
+  removed from tree cache.
+
+  The signature for this extension is { 'T', 'R', 'E', 'E' }.
+
+  A series of entries fill the entire extension; each of which
+  consists of:
+
+  - NUL-terminated path component (relative to its parent directory);
+
+  - ASCII decimal number of entries in the index that is covered by the
+    tree this entry represents (entry_count);
+
+  - A space (ASCII 32);
+
+  - ASCII decimal number that represents the number of subtrees this
+    tree has;
+
+  - A newline (ASCII 10); and
+
+  - 160-bit object name for the object that would result from writing
+    this span of index as a tree.
+
+  An entry can be in an invalidated state and is represented by having -1
+  in the entry_count field.
+
+  The entries are written out in the top-down, depth-first order.  The
+  first entry represents the root level of the repository, followed by the
+  first subtree---let's call this A---of the root level (with its name
+  relative to the root level), followed by the first subtree of A (with
+  its name relative to A), ...
+
+=== Resolve undo
+
+  A conflict is represented in the index as a set of higher stage entries.
+  When a conflict is resolved (e.g. with "git add path"), these higher
+  stage entries will be removed and a stage-0 entry with proper resoluton
+  is added.
+
+  When these higher stage entries are removed, they are saved in the
+  resolve undo extension, so that conflicts can be recreated (e.g. with
+  "git checkout -m"), in case users want to redo a conflict resolution
+  from scratch.
+
+  The signature for this extension is { 'R', 'E', 'U', 'C' }.
+
+  A series of entries fill the entire extension; each of which
+  consists of:
+
+  - NUL-terminated pathname the entry describes (relative to the root of
+    the repository, i.e. full pathname);
+
+  - Three NUL-terminated ASCII octal numbers, entry mode of entries in
+    stage 1 to 3 (a missing stage is represented by "0" in this field);
+    and
+
+  - At most three 160-bit object names of the entry in stages from 1 to 3
+    (nothing is written for a missing stage).
+
diff --git a/Documentation/user-manual.txt b/Documentation/user-manual.txt
index fc56da6..f13a846 100644
--- a/Documentation/user-manual.txt
+++ b/Documentation/user-manual.txt
@@ -344,7 +344,8 @@
 The "master" branch that was created at the time you cloned is a copy
 of the HEAD in the repository that you cloned from.  That repository
 may also have had other branches, though, and your local repository
-keeps branches which track each of those remote branches, which you
+keeps branches which track each of those remote branches, called
+remote-tracking branches, which you
 can view using the "-r" option to linkgit:git-branch[1]:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
@@ -359,13 +360,23 @@
   origin/todo
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-You cannot check out these remote-tracking branches, but you can
-examine them on a branch of your own, just as you would a tag:
+In this example, "origin" is called a remote repository, or "remote"
+for short. The branches of this repository are called "remote
+branches" from our point of view. The remote-tracking branches listed
+above were created based on the remote branches at clone time and will
+be updated by "git fetch" (hence "git pull") and "git push". See
+<<Updating-a-repository-With-git-fetch>> for details.
+
+You might want to build on one of these remote-tracking branches
+on a branch of your own, just as you would for a tag:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git checkout -b my-todo-copy origin/todo
 ------------------------------------------------
 
+You can also check out "origin/todo" directly to examine it or
+write a one-off patch.  See <<detached-head,detached head>>.
+
 Note that the name "origin" is just the name that git uses by default
 to refer to the repository that you cloned from.
 
@@ -435,7 +446,7 @@
 origin/master
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-If you run "git fetch <remote>" later, the tracking branches for the
+If you run "git fetch <remote>" later, the remote-tracking branches for the
 named <remote> will be updated.
 
 If you examine the file .git/config, you will see that git has added
@@ -1700,7 +1711,7 @@
 into your own work.
 
 We have already seen <<Updating-a-repository-With-git-fetch,how to
-keep remote tracking branches up to date>> with linkgit:git-fetch[1],
+keep remote-tracking branches up to date>> with linkgit:git-fetch[1],
 and how to merge two branches.  So you can merge in changes from the
 original repository's master branch with:
 
@@ -1716,15 +1727,21 @@
 $ git pull origin master
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-In fact, if you have "master" checked out, then by default "git pull"
-merges from the HEAD branch of the origin repository.  So often you can
+In fact, if you have "master" checked out, then this branch has been
+configured by "git clone" to get changes from the HEAD branch of the
+origin repository.  So often you can
 accomplish the above with just a simple
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git pull
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-More generally, a branch that is created from a remote branch will pull
+This command will fetch changes from the remote branches to your
+remote-tracking branches `origin/*`, and merge the default branch into
+the current branch.
+
+More generally, a branch that is created from a remote-tracking branch
+will pull
 by default from that branch.  See the descriptions of the
 branch.<name>.remote and branch.<name>.merge options in
 linkgit:git-config[1], and the discussion of the `--track` option in
@@ -2106,7 +2123,7 @@
 $ cd work
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-Linus's tree will be stored in the remote branch named origin/master,
+Linus's tree will be stored in the remote-tracking branch named origin/master,
 and can be updated using linkgit:git-fetch[1]; you can track other
 public trees using linkgit:git-remote[1] to set up a "remote" and
 linkgit:git-fetch[1] to keep them up-to-date; see
@@ -2800,8 +2817,8 @@
 may be lost, as we saw in the previous section.
 
 [[remote-branch-configuration]]
-Configuring remote branches
----------------------------
+Configuring remote-tracking branches
+------------------------------------
 
 We saw above that "origin" is just a shortcut to refer to the
 repository that you originally cloned from.  This information is
diff --git a/GIT-VERSION-GEN b/GIT-VERSION-GEN
index d441d88..85e25a6 100755
--- a/GIT-VERSION-GEN
+++ b/GIT-VERSION-GEN
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
 GVF=GIT-VERSION-FILE
-DEF_VER=v1.7.3.GIT
+DEF_VER=v1.7.5.3
 
 LF='
 '
diff --git a/INSTALL b/INSTALL
index 10a1cba..16e45f1 100644
--- a/INSTALL
+++ b/INSTALL
@@ -122,8 +122,9 @@
    Building and installing the pdf file additionally requires
    dblatex.  Version 0.2.7 with asciidoc >= 8.2.7 is known to work.
 
-   The documentation is written for AsciiDoc 7, but "make
-   ASCIIDOC8=YesPlease doc" will let you format with AsciiDoc 8.
+   The documentation is written for AsciiDoc 7, but by default
+   uses some compatibility wrappers to work on AsciiDoc 8. If you have
+   AsciiDoc 7, try "make ASCIIDOC7=YesPlease".
 
    Alternatively, pre-formatted documentation is available in
    "html" and "man" branches of the git repository itself.  For
diff --git a/LGPL-2.1 b/LGPL-2.1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d38b1b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/LGPL-2.1
@@ -0,0 +1,511 @@
+
+ While most of this project is under the GPL (see COPYING), the xdiff/
+ library and some libc code from compat/ are licensed under the
+ GNU LGPL, version 2.1 or (at your option) any later version and some
+ other files are under other licenses.  Check the individual files to
+ be sure.
+
+----------------------------------------
+
+                  GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+                       Version 2.1, February 1999
+
+ Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+ 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
+ Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
+ of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
+
+[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL.  It also counts
+ as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence
+ the version number 2.1.]
+
+                            Preamble
+
+  The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
+freedom to share and change it.  By contrast, the GNU General Public
+Licenses are intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change
+free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.
+
+  This license, the Lesser General Public License, applies to some
+specially designated software packages--typically libraries--of the
+Free Software Foundation and other authors who decide to use it.  You
+can use it too, but we suggest you first think carefully about whether
+this license or the ordinary General Public License is the better
+strategy to use in any particular case, based on the explanations below.
+
+  When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom of use,
+not price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that
+you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge
+for this service if you wish); that you receive source code or can get
+it if you want it; that you can change the software and use pieces of
+it in new free programs; and that you are informed that you can do
+these things.
+
+  To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
+distributors to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender these
+rights.  These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for
+you if you distribute copies of the library or if you modify it.
+
+  For example, if you distribute copies of the library, whether gratis
+or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that we gave
+you.  You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source
+code.  If you link other code with the library, you must provide
+complete object files to the recipients, so that they can relink them
+with the library after making changes to the library and recompiling
+it.  And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.
+
+  We protect your rights with a two-step method: (1) we copyright the
+library, and (2) we offer you this license, which gives you legal
+permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the library.
+
+  To protect each distributor, we want to make it very clear that
+there is no warranty for the free library.  Also, if the library is
+modified by someone else and passed on, the recipients should know
+that what they have is not the original version, so that the original
+author's reputation will not be affected by problems that might be
+introduced by others.
+
+  Finally, software patents pose a constant threat to the existence of
+any free program.  We wish to make sure that a company cannot
+effectively restrict the users of a free program by obtaining a
+restrictive license from a patent holder.  Therefore, we insist that
+any patent license obtained for a version of the library must be
+consistent with the full freedom of use specified in this license.
+
+  Most GNU software, including some libraries, is covered by the
+ordinary GNU General Public License.  This license, the GNU Lesser
+General Public License, applies to certain designated libraries, and
+is quite different from the ordinary General Public License.  We use
+this license for certain libraries in order to permit linking those
+libraries into non-free programs.
+
+  When a program is linked with a library, whether statically or using
+a shared library, the combination of the two is legally speaking a
+combined work, a derivative of the original library.  The ordinary
+General Public License therefore permits such linking only if the
+entire combination fits its criteria of freedom.  The Lesser General
+Public License permits more lax criteria for linking other code with
+the library.
+
+  We call this license the "Lesser" General Public License because it
+does Less to protect the user's freedom than the ordinary General
+Public License.  It also provides other free software developers Less
+of an advantage over competing non-free programs.  These disadvantages
+are the reason we use the ordinary General Public License for many
+libraries.  However, the Lesser license provides advantages in certain
+special circumstances.
+
+  For example, on rare occasions, there may be a special need to
+encourage the widest possible use of a certain library, so that it becomes
+a de-facto standard.  To achieve this, non-free programs must be
+allowed to use the library.  A more frequent case is that a free
+library does the same job as widely used non-free libraries.  In this
+case, there is little to gain by limiting the free library to free
+software only, so we use the Lesser General Public License.
+
+  In other cases, permission to use a particular library in non-free
+programs enables a greater number of people to use a large body of
+free software.  For example, permission to use the GNU C Library in
+non-free programs enables many more people to use the whole GNU
+operating system, as well as its variant, the GNU/Linux operating
+system.
+
+  Although the Lesser General Public License is Less protective of the
+users' freedom, it does ensure that the user of a program that is
+linked with the Library has the freedom and the wherewithal to run
+that program using a modified version of the Library.
+
+  The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
+modification follow.  Pay close attention to the difference between a
+"work based on the library" and a "work that uses the library".  The
+former contains code derived from the library, whereas the latter must
+be combined with the library in order to run.
+
+                  GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+   TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
+
+  0. This License Agreement applies to any software library or other
+program which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder or
+other authorized party saying it may be distributed under the terms of
+this Lesser General Public License (also called "this License").
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+That's all there is to it!
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 1f1ce04..d2e2ea1 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -45,11 +45,6 @@
 # Define NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT if your platform defines DT_UNKNOWN but lacks
 # d_type in struct dirent (Cygwin 1.5, fixed in Cygwin 1.7).
 #
-# Define NO_C99_FORMAT if your formatted IO functions (printf/scanf et.al.)
-# do not support the 'size specifiers' introduced by C99, namely ll, hh,
-# j, z, t. (representing long long int, char, intmax_t, size_t, ptrdiff_t).
-# some C compilers supported these specifiers prior to C99 as an extension.
-#
 # Define NO_STRCASESTR if you don't have strcasestr.
 #
 # Define NO_MEMMEM if you don't have memmem.
@@ -70,6 +65,11 @@
 #
 # Define NO_STRTOK_R if you don't have strtok_r in the C library.
 #
+# Define NO_FNMATCH if you don't have fnmatch in the C library.
+#
+# Define NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD if your fnmatch function doesn't have the
+# FNM_CASEFOLD GNU extension.
+#
 # Define NO_LIBGEN_H if you don't have libgen.h.
 #
 # Define NEEDS_LIBGEN if your libgen needs -lgen when linking
@@ -162,13 +162,13 @@
 # Define NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT if your platform does not have st_blocks
 # field that counts the on-disk footprint in 512-byte blocks.
 #
-# Define ASCIIDOC8 if you want to format documentation with AsciiDoc 8
+# Define ASCIIDOC7 if you want to format documentation with AsciiDoc 7
 #
 # Define DOCBOOK_XSL_172 if you want to format man pages with DocBook XSL v1.72
 # (not v1.73 or v1.71).
 #
-# Define ASCIIDOC_NO_ROFF if your DocBook XSL escapes raw roff directives
-# (versions 1.72 and later and 1.68.1 and earlier).
+# Define ASCIIDOC_ROFF if your DocBook XSL does not escape raw roff directives
+# (versions 1.68.1 through v1.72).
 #
 # Define GNU_ROFF if your target system uses GNU groff.  This forces
 # apostrophes to be ASCII so that cut&pasting examples to the shell
@@ -211,6 +211,11 @@
 #
 # Define NO_REGEX if you have no or inferior regex support in your C library.
 #
+# Define GETTEXT_POISON if you are debugging the choice of strings marked
+# for translation.  In a GETTEXT_POISON build, you can turn all strings marked
+# for translation into gibberish by setting the GIT_GETTEXT_POISON variable
+# (to any value) in your environment.
+#
 # Define JSMIN to point to JavaScript minifier that functions as
 # a filter to have gitweb.js minified.
 #
@@ -269,8 +274,7 @@
 #   mandir
 #   infodir
 #   htmldir
-#   ETC_GITCONFIG (but not sysconfdir)
-#   ETC_GITATTRIBUTES
+#   sysconfdir
 # can be specified as a relative path some/where/else;
 # this is interpreted as relative to $(prefix) and "git" at
 # runtime figures out where they are based on the path to the executable.
@@ -286,15 +290,8 @@
 gitwebdir = $(sharedir)/gitweb
 template_dir = share/git-core/templates
 htmldir = share/doc/git-doc
-ifeq ($(prefix),/usr)
-sysconfdir = /etc
 ETC_GITCONFIG = $(sysconfdir)/gitconfig
 ETC_GITATTRIBUTES = $(sysconfdir)/gitattributes
-else
-sysconfdir = $(prefix)/etc
-ETC_GITCONFIG = etc/gitconfig
-ETC_GITATTRIBUTES = etc/gitattributes
-endif
 lib = lib
 # DESTDIR=
 pathsep = :
@@ -311,6 +308,7 @@
 RPMBUILD = rpmbuild
 TCL_PATH = tclsh
 TCLTK_PATH = wish
+XGETTEXT = xgettext
 PTHREAD_LIBS = -lpthread
 PTHREAD_CFLAGS =
 GCOV = gcov
@@ -401,6 +399,7 @@
 # ... and all the rest that could be moved out of bindir to gitexecdir
 PROGRAMS += $(EXTRA_PROGRAMS)
 
+PROGRAM_OBJS += daemon.o
 PROGRAM_OBJS += fast-import.o
 PROGRAM_OBJS += imap-send.o
 PROGRAM_OBJS += shell.o
@@ -425,9 +424,11 @@
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-sha1
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-sigchain
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-string-pool
+TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-subprocess
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-svn-fe
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-treap
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-index-version
+TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-mktemp
 
 TEST_PROGRAMS = $(patsubst %,%$X,$(TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X))
 
@@ -496,6 +497,9 @@
 LIB_H += compat/cygwin.h
 LIB_H += compat/mingw.h
 LIB_H += compat/win32/pthread.h
+LIB_H += compat/win32/syslog.h
+LIB_H += compat/win32/sys/poll.h
+LIB_H += compat/win32/dirent.h
 LIB_H += csum-file.h
 LIB_H += decorate.h
 LIB_H += delta.h
@@ -504,6 +508,7 @@
 LIB_H += dir.h
 LIB_H += exec_cmd.h
 LIB_H += fsck.h
+LIB_H += gettext.h
 LIB_H += git-compat-util.h
 LIB_H += graph.h
 LIB_H += grep.h
@@ -517,6 +522,7 @@
 LIB_H += merge-recursive.h
 LIB_H += notes.h
 LIB_H += notes-cache.h
+LIB_H += notes-merge.h
 LIB_H += object.h
 LIB_H += pack.h
 LIB_H += pack-refs.h
@@ -607,6 +613,7 @@
 LIB_OBJS += name-hash.o
 LIB_OBJS += notes.o
 LIB_OBJS += notes-cache.o
+LIB_OBJS += notes-merge.o
 LIB_OBJS += object.o
 LIB_OBJS += pack-check.o
 LIB_OBJS += pack-refs.o
@@ -662,6 +669,7 @@
 LIB_OBJS += ws.o
 LIB_OBJS += wt-status.o
 LIB_OBJS += xdiff-interface.o
+LIB_OBJS += zlib.o
 
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/add.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/annotate.o
@@ -728,6 +736,8 @@
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/receive-pack.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/reflog.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/remote.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/remote-ext.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/remote-fd.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/replace.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/rerere.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/reset.o
@@ -846,6 +856,7 @@
 	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
 	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
+	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
 	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.6)
 		SOCKLEN_T = int
 		NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
@@ -854,7 +865,6 @@
 		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
 		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
 		NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-		NO_C99_FORMAT = YesPlease
 		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
 		GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
 	endif
@@ -865,21 +875,18 @@
 		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
 		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
 		NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-		NO_C99_FORMAT = YesPlease
 		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
 		GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
 	endif
 	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.8)
 		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
 		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
-		NO_C99_FORMAT = YesPlease
 		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
 		GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
 	endif
 	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.9)
 		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
 		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
-		NO_C99_FORMAT = YesPlease
 		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
 		GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
 	endif
@@ -988,6 +995,7 @@
 	# issue, comment out the NO_MMAP statement.
 	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
 	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
+	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
 	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
 	SHELL_PATH = /usr/gnu/bin/bash
 	NEEDS_LIBGEN = YesPlease
@@ -1007,6 +1015,7 @@
 	# issue, comment out the NO_MMAP statement.
 	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
 	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
+	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
 	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
 	SHELL_PATH=/usr/gnu/bin/bash
 	NEEDS_LIBGEN = YesPlease
@@ -1023,6 +1032,7 @@
 	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
 	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
 	NO_SYS_SELECT_H = YesPlease
+	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
 	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
 	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
 	ifeq ($(uname_R),B.11.00)
@@ -1052,10 +1062,10 @@
 	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
 	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
 	NO_STRTOK_R = YesPlease
+	NO_FNMATCH = YesPlease
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
 	# NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
 	NO_ICONV = YesPlease
-	NO_C99_FORMAT = YesPlease
 	NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
 	NO_STRTOULL = YesPlease
 	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
@@ -1064,7 +1074,6 @@
 	NO_SVN_TESTS = YesPlease
 	NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER = YesPlease
 	RUNTIME_PREFIX = YesPlease
-	NO_POSIX_ONLY_PROGRAMS = YesPlease
 	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
 	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
 	USE_WIN32_MMAP = YesPlease
@@ -1075,16 +1084,19 @@
 	NO_CURL = YesPlease
 	NO_PYTHON = YesPlease
 	BLK_SHA1 = YesPlease
+	NO_POSIX_GOODIES = UnfortunatelyYes
 	NATIVE_CRLF = YesPlease
 
 	CC = compat/vcbuild/scripts/clink.pl
 	AR = compat/vcbuild/scripts/lib.pl
 	CFLAGS =
 	BASIC_CFLAGS = -nologo -I. -I../zlib -Icompat/vcbuild -Icompat/vcbuild/include -DWIN32 -D_CONSOLE -DHAVE_STRING_H -D_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS -D_CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE
-	COMPAT_OBJS = compat/msvc.o compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.o compat/winansi.o compat/win32/pthread.o
-	COMPAT_CFLAGS = -D__USE_MINGW_ACCESS -DNOGDI -DHAVE_STRING_H -DHAVE_ALLOCA_H -Icompat -Icompat/fnmatch -Icompat/regex -Icompat/fnmatch -Icompat/win32 -DSTRIP_EXTENSION=\".exe\"
+	COMPAT_OBJS = compat/msvc.o compat/winansi.o \
+		compat/win32/pthread.o compat/win32/syslog.o \
+		compat/win32/sys/poll.o compat/win32/dirent.o
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS = -D__USE_MINGW_ACCESS -DNOGDI -DHAVE_STRING_H -DHAVE_ALLOCA_H -Icompat -Icompat/regex -Icompat/win32 -DSTRIP_EXTENSION=\".exe\"
 	BASIC_LDFLAGS = -IGNORE:4217 -IGNORE:4049 -NOLOGO -SUBSYSTEM:CONSOLE -NODEFAULTLIB:MSVCRT.lib
-	EXTLIBS = advapi32.lib shell32.lib wininet.lib ws2_32.lib
+	EXTLIBS = user32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib wininet.lib ws2_32.lib
 	PTHREAD_LIBS =
 	lib =
 ifndef DEBUG
@@ -1096,6 +1108,25 @@
 endif
 	X = .exe
 endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),Interix)
+	NO_SYS_POLL_H = YesPlease
+	NO_INTTYPES_H = YesPlease
+	NO_INITGROUPS = YesPlease
+	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),3.5)
+		NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
+		NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
+	endif
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.2)
+		NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
+		NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
+	endif
+endif
 ifneq (,$(findstring MINGW,$(uname_S)))
 	pathsep = ;
 	NO_PREAD = YesPlease
@@ -1107,17 +1138,16 @@
 	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
 	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
 	NO_STRTOK_R = YesPlease
+	NO_FNMATCH = YesPlease
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
 	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
 	OLD_ICONV = YesPlease
-	NO_C99_FORMAT = YesPlease
 	NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
 	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
 	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	NO_SVN_TESTS = YesPlease
 	NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER = YesPlease
 	RUNTIME_PREFIX = YesPlease
-	NO_POSIX_ONLY_PROGRAMS = YesPlease
 	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
 	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
 	USE_WIN32_MMAP = YesPlease
@@ -1128,10 +1158,14 @@
 	NO_PYTHON = YesPlease
 	BLK_SHA1 = YesPlease
 	ETAGS_TARGET = ETAGS
-	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -D__USE_MINGW_ACCESS -DNOGDI -Icompat -Icompat/fnmatch -Icompat/win32
+	NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
+	NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
+	NO_POSIX_GOODIES = UnfortunatelyYes
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -D__USE_MINGW_ACCESS -DNOGDI -Icompat -Icompat/win32
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DSTRIP_EXTENSION=\".exe\"
-	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/mingw.o compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.o compat/winansi.o \
-		compat/win32/pthread.o
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/mingw.o compat/winansi.o \
+		compat/win32/pthread.o compat/win32/syslog.o \
+		compat/win32/sys/poll.o compat/win32/dirent.o
 	EXTLIBS += -lws2_32
 	PTHREAD_LIBS =
 	X = .exe
@@ -1150,6 +1184,14 @@
 -include config.mak.autogen
 -include config.mak
 
+ifndef sysconfdir
+ifeq ($(prefix),/usr)
+sysconfdir = /etc
+else
+sysconfdir = etc
+endif
+endif
+
 ifdef CHECK_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES
 COMPUTE_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES =
 USE_COMPUTED_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES =
@@ -1246,9 +1288,6 @@
 endif
 EXTLIBS += -lz
 
-ifndef NO_POSIX_ONLY_PROGRAMS
-	PROGRAM_OBJS += daemon.o
-endif
 ifndef NO_OPENSSL
 	OPENSSL_LIBSSL = -lssl
 	ifdef OPENSSLDIR
@@ -1265,11 +1304,15 @@
 	BLK_SHA1 = 1
 	OPENSSL_LIBSSL =
 endif
+ifdef NO_OPENSSL
+	LIB_4_CRYPTO =
+else
 ifdef NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO
 	LIB_4_CRYPTO = $(OPENSSL_LINK) -lcrypto -lssl
 else
 	LIB_4_CRYPTO = $(OPENSSL_LINK) -lcrypto
 endif
+endif
 ifdef NEEDS_LIBICONV
 	ifdef ICONVDIR
 		BASIC_CFLAGS += -I$(ICONVDIR)/include
@@ -1309,9 +1352,6 @@
 ifdef NO_NSEC
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_NSEC
 endif
-ifdef NO_C99_FORMAT
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_C99_FORMAT
-endif
 ifdef SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DSNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/snprintf.o
@@ -1323,6 +1363,10 @@
 ifdef NO_SYMLINK_HEAD
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_SYMLINK_HEAD
 endif
+ifdef GETTEXT_POISON
+	LIB_OBJS += gettext.o
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DGETTEXT_POISON
+endif
 ifdef NO_STRCASESTR
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_STRCASESTR
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/strcasestr.o
@@ -1342,6 +1386,17 @@
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_STRTOK_R
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/strtok_r.o
 endif
+ifdef NO_FNMATCH
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -Icompat/fnmatch
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_FNMATCH
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.o
+else
+ifdef NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -Icompat/fnmatch
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.o
+endif
+endif
 ifdef NO_SETENV
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_SETENV
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/setenv.o
@@ -1360,6 +1415,15 @@
 ifdef NO_SYS_SELECT_H
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_SYS_SELECT_H
 endif
+ifdef NO_SYS_POLL_H
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_SYS_POLL_H
+endif
+ifdef NO_INTTYPES_H
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_INTTYPES_H
+endif
+ifdef NO_INITGROUPS
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_INITGROUPS
+endif
 ifdef NO_MMAP
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_MMAP
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/mmap.o
@@ -1397,9 +1461,11 @@
 endif
 ifdef NO_INET_NTOP
 	LIB_OBJS += compat/inet_ntop.o
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_INET_NTOP
 endif
 ifdef NO_INET_PTON
 	LIB_OBJS += compat/inet_pton.o
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_INET_PTON
 endif
 
 ifdef NO_ICONV
@@ -1414,6 +1480,10 @@
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_DEFLATE_BOUND
 endif
 
+ifdef NO_POSIX_GOODIES
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_POSIX_GOODIES
+endif
+
 ifdef BLK_SHA1
 	SHA1_HEADER = "block-sha1/sha1.h"
 	LIB_OBJS += block-sha1/sha1.o
@@ -1508,6 +1578,7 @@
 	QUIET_BUILT_IN = @echo '   ' BUILTIN $@;
 	QUIET_GEN      = @echo '   ' GEN $@;
 	QUIET_LNCP     = @echo '   ' LN/CP $@;
+	QUIET_XGETTEXT = @echo '   ' XGETTEXT $@;
 	QUIET_GCOV     = @echo '   ' GCOV $@;
 	QUIET_SUBDIR0  = +@subdir=
 	QUIET_SUBDIR1  = ;$(NO_SUBDIR) echo '   ' SUBDIR $$subdir; \
@@ -1518,8 +1589,8 @@
 endif
 endif
 
-ifdef ASCIIDOC8
-	export ASCIIDOC8
+ifdef ASCIIDOC7
+	export ASCIIDOC7
 endif
 
 # Shell quote (do not use $(call) to accommodate ancient setups);
@@ -1611,6 +1682,8 @@
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ git.o \
 		$(BUILTIN_OBJS) $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(LIBS)
 
+help.o: common-cmds.h
+
 builtin/help.o: common-cmds.h
 builtin/help.s builtin/help.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
 	'-DGIT_HTML_PATH="$(htmldir_SQ)"' \
@@ -1674,33 +1747,7 @@
 gitweb:
 	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)gitweb $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) all
 
-ifdef JSMIN
-GITWEB_PROGRAMS += gitweb/static/gitweb.min.js
-GITWEB_JS = gitweb/static/gitweb.min.js
-else
-GITWEB_JS = gitweb/static/gitweb.js
-endif
-ifdef CSSMIN
-GITWEB_PROGRAMS += gitweb/static/gitweb.min.css
-GITWEB_CSS = gitweb/static/gitweb.min.css
-else
-GITWEB_CSS = gitweb/static/gitweb.css
-endif
-OTHER_PROGRAMS +=  gitweb/gitweb.cgi  $(GITWEB_PROGRAMS)
-gitweb/gitweb.cgi: gitweb/gitweb.perl $(GITWEB_PROGRAMS)
-	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)gitweb $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) $(patsubst gitweb/%,%,$@)
-
-ifdef JSMIN
-gitweb/static/gitweb.min.js: gitweb/static/gitweb.js
-	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)gitweb $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) $(patsubst gitweb/%,%,$@)
-endif # JSMIN
-ifdef CSSMIN
-gitweb/static/gitweb.min.css: gitweb/static/gitweb.css
-	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)gitweb $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) $(patsubst gitweb/%,%,$@)
-endif # CSSMIN
-
-
-git-instaweb: git-instaweb.sh gitweb/gitweb.cgi gitweb/static/gitweb.css gitweb/static/gitweb.js
+git-instaweb: git-instaweb.sh gitweb
 	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ $@+ && \
 	sed -e '1s|#!.*/sh|#!$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)|' \
 	    -e 's/@@GIT_VERSION@@/$(GIT_VERSION)/g' \
@@ -1766,6 +1813,8 @@
 	xdiff/xmerge.o xdiff/xpatience.o
 VCSSVN_OBJS = vcs-svn/string_pool.o vcs-svn/line_buffer.o \
 	vcs-svn/repo_tree.o vcs-svn/fast_export.o vcs-svn/svndump.o
+VCSSVN_TEST_OBJS = test-obj-pool.o test-string-pool.o \
+	test-line-buffer.o test-treap.o
 OBJECTS := $(GIT_OBJS) $(XDIFF_OBJS) $(VCSSVN_OBJS)
 
 dep_files := $(foreach f,$(OBJECTS),$(dir $f).depend/$(notdir $f).d)
@@ -1874,25 +1923,26 @@
 builtin/bundle.o bundle.o transport.o: bundle.h
 builtin/bisect--helper.o builtin/rev-list.o bisect.o: bisect.h
 builtin/clone.o builtin/fetch-pack.o transport.o: fetch-pack.h
-builtin/grep.o: thread-utils.h
+builtin/grep.o builtin/pack-objects.o transport-helper.o: thread-utils.h
 builtin/send-pack.o transport.o: send-pack.h
 builtin/log.o builtin/shortlog.o: shortlog.h
 builtin/prune.o builtin/reflog.o reachable.o: reachable.h
 builtin/commit.o builtin/revert.o wt-status.o: wt-status.h
 builtin/tar-tree.o archive-tar.o: tar.h
-builtin/pack-objects.o: thread-utils.h
 connect.o transport.o http-backend.o: url.h
 http-fetch.o http-walker.o remote-curl.o transport.o walker.o: walker.h
-http.o http-walker.o http-push.o http-fetch.o remote-curl.o: http.h
+http.o http-walker.o http-push.o http-fetch.o remote-curl.o: http.h url.h
 
 xdiff-interface.o $(XDIFF_OBJS): \
 	xdiff/xinclude.h xdiff/xmacros.h xdiff/xdiff.h xdiff/xtypes.h \
 	xdiff/xutils.h xdiff/xprepare.h xdiff/xdiffi.h xdiff/xemit.h
 
-$(VCSSVN_OBJS): \
+$(VCSSVN_OBJS) $(VCSSVN_TEST_OBJS): $(LIB_H) \
 	vcs-svn/obj_pool.h vcs-svn/trp.h vcs-svn/string_pool.h \
 	vcs-svn/line_buffer.h vcs-svn/repo_tree.h vcs-svn/fast_export.h \
 	vcs-svn/svndump.h
+
+test-svn-fe.o: vcs-svn/svndump.h
 endif
 
 exec_cmd.s exec_cmd.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
@@ -1927,7 +1977,7 @@
 
 git-imap-send$X: imap-send.o $(GITLIBS)
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) \
-		$(LIBS) $(OPENSSL_LINK) $(OPENSSL_LIBSSL)
+		$(LIBS) $(OPENSSL_LINK) $(OPENSSL_LIBSSL) $(LIB_4_CRYPTO)
 
 git-http-fetch$X: revision.o http.o http-walker.o http-fetch.o $(GITLIBS)
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) \
@@ -1970,6 +2020,21 @@
 pdf:
 	$(MAKE) -C Documentation pdf
 
+XGETTEXT_FLAGS = \
+	--force-po \
+	--add-comments \
+	--msgid-bugs-address="Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>" \
+	--from-code=UTF-8
+XGETTEXT_FLAGS_C = $(XGETTEXT_FLAGS) --language=C \
+	--keyword=_ --keyword=N_ --keyword="Q_:1,2"
+LOCALIZED_C := $(C_OBJ:o=c)
+
+po/git.pot: $(LOCALIZED_C)
+	$(QUIET_XGETTEXT)$(XGETTEXT) -o$@+ $(XGETTEXT_FLAGS_C) $(LOCALIZED_C) && \
+	mv $@+ $@
+
+pot: po/git.pot
+
 $(ETAGS_TARGET): FORCE
 	$(RM) $(ETAGS_TARGET)
 	$(FIND) . -name '*.[hcS]' -print | xargs etags -a -o $(ETAGS_TARGET)
@@ -2011,6 +2076,7 @@
 ifdef GIT_TEST_CMP_USE_COPIED_CONTEXT
 	@echo GIT_TEST_CMP_USE_COPIED_CONTEXT=YesPlease >>$@
 endif
+	@echo GETTEXT_POISON=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GETTEXT_POISON)))'\' >>$@
 
 ### Detect Tck/Tk interpreter path changes
 ifndef NO_TCLTK
@@ -2071,7 +2137,7 @@
 check: common-cmds.h
 	if sparse; \
 	then \
-		for i in *.c; \
+		for i in $(patsubst %.o, %.c, $(GIT_OBJS)); \
 		do \
 			sparse $(ALL_CFLAGS) $(SPARSE_FLAGS) $$i || exit; \
 		done; \
@@ -2236,6 +2302,7 @@
 
 distclean: clean
 	$(RM) configure
+	$(RM) po/git.pot
 
 clean:
 	$(RM) *.o block-sha1/*.o ppc/*.o compat/*.o compat/*/*.o xdiff/*.o vcs-svn/*.o \
diff --git a/RelNotes b/RelNotes
index b942e49..313a3c0 120000
--- a/RelNotes
+++ b/RelNotes
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.txt
\ No newline at end of file
+Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.4.txt
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/abspath.c b/abspath.c
index 91ca00f..3005aed 100644
--- a/abspath.c
+++ b/abspath.c
@@ -14,7 +14,14 @@
 /* We allow "recursive" symbolic links. Only within reason, though. */
 #define MAXDEPTH 5
 
-const char *make_absolute_path(const char *path)
+/*
+ * Use this to get the real path, i.e. resolve links. If you want an
+ * absolute path but don't mind links, use absolute_path.
+ *
+ * If path is our buffer, then return path, as it's already what the
+ * user wants.
+ */
+const char *real_path(const char *path)
 {
 	static char bufs[2][PATH_MAX + 1], *buf = bufs[0], *next_buf = bufs[1];
 	char cwd[1024] = "";
@@ -24,6 +31,10 @@
 	char *last_elem = NULL;
 	struct stat st;
 
+	/* We've already done it */
+	if (path == buf || path == next_buf)
+		return path;
+
 	if (strlcpy(buf, path, PATH_MAX) >= PATH_MAX)
 		die ("Too long path: %.*s", 60, path);
 
@@ -100,7 +111,14 @@
 	return cwd;
 }
 
-const char *make_nonrelative_path(const char *path)
+/*
+ * Use this to get an absolute path from a relative one. If you want
+ * to resolve links, you should use real_path.
+ *
+ * If the path is already absolute, then return path. As the user is
+ * never meant to free the return value, we're safe.
+ */
+const char *absolute_path(const char *path)
 {
 	static char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
 
diff --git a/aclocal.m4 b/aclocal.m4
index d399de2..f11bc7e 100644
--- a/aclocal.m4
+++ b/aclocal.m4
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
          git_cv_socklen_t_equiv=
          for arg2 in "struct sockaddr" void; do
             for t in int size_t unsigned long "unsigned long"; do
-               AC_TRY_COMPILE([
+               AC_COMPILE_IFELSE([AC_LANG_PROGRAM([
                   #include <sys/types.h>
                   #include <sys/socket.h>
 
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
                ],[
                   $t len;
                   getpeername(0,0,&len);
-               ],[
+               ])],[
                   git_cv_socklen_t_equiv="$t"
                   break 2
                ])
diff --git a/alloc.c b/alloc.c
index 6ef6753..aeae55c 100644
--- a/alloc.c
+++ b/alloc.c
@@ -51,19 +51,12 @@
 DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(tag, struct tag)
 DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(object, union any_object)
 
-#ifdef NO_C99_FORMAT
-#define SZ_FMT "%u"
-#else
-#define SZ_FMT "%zu"
-#endif
-
 static void report(const char *name, unsigned int count, size_t size)
 {
-    fprintf(stderr, "%10s: %8u (" SZ_FMT " kB)\n", name, count, size);
+	fprintf(stderr, "%10s: %8u (%"PRIuMAX" kB)\n",
+			name, count, (uintmax_t) size);
 }
 
-#undef SZ_FMT
-
 #define REPORT(name)	\
     report(#name, name##_allocs, name##_allocs*sizeof(struct name) >> 10)
 
diff --git a/archive.c b/archive.c
index f59afda..1944ed4 100644
--- a/archive.c
+++ b/archive.c
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@
 			"write the archive to this file"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "worktree-attributes", &worktree_attributes,
 			"read .gitattributes in working directory"),
-		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "report archived files on stderr"),
 		OPT__COMPR('0', &compression_level, "store only", 0),
 		OPT__COMPR('1', &compression_level, "compress faster", 1),
 		OPT__COMPR_HIDDEN('2', &compression_level, 2),
diff --git a/attr.c b/attr.c
index 6aff695..0e28ba8 100644
--- a/attr.c
+++ b/attr.c
@@ -478,11 +478,6 @@
 	return !git_env_bool("GIT_ATTR_NOSYSTEM", 0);
 }
 
-int git_attr_global(void)
-{
-	return !git_env_bool("GIT_ATTR_NOGLOBAL", 0);
-}
-
 static int git_attr_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *dummy)
 {
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.attributesfile"))
@@ -511,7 +506,7 @@
 		}
 
 		git_config(git_attr_config, NULL);
-		if (git_attr_global() && attributes_file) {
+		if (attributes_file) {
 			elem = read_attr_from_file(attributes_file, 1);
 			if (elem) {
 				elem->origin = NULL;
diff --git a/branch.c b/branch.c
index 93dc866..c0c865a 100644
--- a/branch.c
+++ b/branch.c
@@ -175,9 +175,14 @@
 			die("Cannot setup tracking information; starting point is not a branch.");
 		break;
 	case 1:
-		/* Unique completion -- good, only if it is a real ref */
-		if (explicit_tracking && !strcmp(real_ref, "HEAD"))
-			die("Cannot setup tracking information; starting point is not a branch.");
+		/* Unique completion -- good, only if it is a real branch */
+		if (prefixcmp(real_ref, "refs/heads/") &&
+		    prefixcmp(real_ref, "refs/remotes/")) {
+			if (explicit_tracking)
+				die("Cannot setup tracking information; starting point is not a branch.");
+			else
+				real_ref = NULL;
+		}
 		break;
 	default:
 		die("Ambiguous object name: '%s'.", start_name);
@@ -217,6 +222,7 @@
 
 void remove_branch_state(void)
 {
+	unlink(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"));
 	unlink(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
 	unlink(git_path("MERGE_RR"));
 	unlink(git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
diff --git a/branch.h b/branch.h
index eed817a..4026e38 100644
--- a/branch.h
+++ b/branch.h
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@
 void remove_branch_state(void);
 
 /*
- * Configure local branch "local" to merge remote branch "remote"
- * taken from origin "origin".
+ * Configure local branch "local" as downstream to branch "remote"
+ * from remote "origin".  Used by git branch --set-upstream.
  */
 #define BRANCH_CONFIG_VERBOSE 01
 extern void install_branch_config(int flag, const char *local, const char *origin, const char *remote);
diff --git a/builtin.h b/builtin.h
index f2a25a0..0e9da90 100644
--- a/builtin.h
+++ b/builtin.h
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 extern void prune_packed_objects(int);
 extern int fmt_merge_msg(struct strbuf *in, struct strbuf *out,
 			 int merge_title, int shortlog_len);
-extern int commit_notes(struct notes_tree *t, const char *msg);
+extern void commit_notes(struct notes_tree *t, const char *msg);
 
 struct notes_rewrite_cfg {
 	struct notes_tree **trees;
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 
 extern int check_pager_config(const char *cmd);
 
-extern int textconv_object(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, char **buf, unsigned long *buf_size);
+extern int textconv_object(const char *path, unsigned mode, const unsigned char *sha1, char **buf, unsigned long *buf_size);
 
 extern int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_annotate(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@
 extern int cmd_clean(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_commit_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_count_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_describe(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_diff_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
@@ -108,7 +109,9 @@
 extern int cmd_receive_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_reflog(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_remote(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
-extern int cmd_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_remote_ext(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_remote_fd(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_repo_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_rerere(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_rev_list(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
diff --git a/builtin/add.c b/builtin/add.c
index 56a4e0a..e57abdd 100644
--- a/builtin/add.c
+++ b/builtin/add.c
@@ -21,12 +21,32 @@
 static int patch_interactive, add_interactive, edit_interactive;
 static int take_worktree_changes;
 
-struct update_callback_data
-{
+struct update_callback_data {
 	int flags;
 	int add_errors;
 };
 
+static int fix_unmerged_status(struct diff_filepair *p,
+			       struct update_callback_data *data)
+{
+	if (p->status != DIFF_STATUS_UNMERGED)
+		return p->status;
+	if (!(data->flags & ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_REMOVAL) && !p->two->mode)
+		/*
+		 * This is not an explicit add request, and the
+		 * path is missing from the working tree (deleted)
+		 */
+		return DIFF_STATUS_DELETED;
+	else
+		/*
+		 * Either an explicit add request, or path exists
+		 * in the working tree.  An attempt to explicitly
+		 * add a path that does not exist in the working tree
+		 * will be caught as an error by the caller immediately.
+		 */
+		return DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED;
+}
+
 static void update_callback(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 			    struct diff_options *opt, void *cbdata)
 {
@@ -36,35 +56,14 @@
 	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
 		struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
 		const char *path = p->one->path;
-		switch (p->status) {
+		switch (fix_unmerged_status(p, data)) {
 		default:
-			die("unexpected diff status %c", p->status);
-		case DIFF_STATUS_UNMERGED:
-			/*
-			 * ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_REMOVAL is unset if "git
-			 * add -u" is calling us, In such a case, a
-			 * missing work tree file needs to be removed
-			 * if there is an unmerged entry at stage #2,
-			 * but such a diff record is followed by
-			 * another with DIFF_STATUS_DELETED (and if
-			 * there is no stage #2, we won't see DELETED
-			 * nor MODIFIED).  We can simply continue
-			 * either way.
-			 */
-			if (!(data->flags & ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_REMOVAL))
-				continue;
-			/*
-			 * Otherwise, it is "git add path" is asking
-			 * to explicitly add it; we fall through.  A
-			 * missing work tree file is an error and is
-			 * caught by add_file_to_index() in such a
-			 * case.
-			 */
+			die(_("unexpected diff status %c"), p->status);
 		case DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED:
 		case DIFF_STATUS_TYPE_CHANGED:
 			if (add_file_to_index(&the_index, path, data->flags)) {
 				if (!(data->flags & ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_ERRORS))
-					die("updating files failed");
+					die(_("updating files failed"));
 				data->add_errors++;
 			}
 			break;
@@ -74,7 +73,7 @@
 			if (!(data->flags & ADD_CACHE_PRETEND))
 				remove_file_from_index(&the_index, path);
 			if (data->flags & (ADD_CACHE_PRETEND|ADD_CACHE_VERBOSE))
-				printf("remove '%s'\n", path);
+				printf(_("remove '%s'\n"), path);
 			break;
 		}
 	}
@@ -86,12 +85,13 @@
 	struct rev_info rev;
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
 	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, NULL);
-	rev.prune_data = pathspec;
+	init_pathspec(&rev.prune_data, pathspec);
 	rev.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
 	rev.diffopt.format_callback = update_callback;
 	data.flags = flags;
 	data.add_errors = 0;
 	rev.diffopt.format_callback_data = &data;
+	rev.max_count = 0; /* do not compare unmerged paths with stage #2 */
 	run_diff_files(&rev, DIFF_RACY_IS_MODIFIED);
 	return !!data.add_errors;
 }
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@
 					/* strip trailing slash */
 					pathspec[j] = xstrndup(ce->name, len);
 				else
-					die ("Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'",
+					die (_("Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"),
 						pathspec[j], len, ce->name);
 			}
 		}
@@ -188,10 +188,10 @@
 		/* nothing */;
 	seen = xcalloc(specs, 1);
 	refresh_index(&the_index, verbose ? REFRESH_IN_PORCELAIN : REFRESH_QUIET,
-		      pathspec, seen, "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:");
+		      pathspec, seen, _("Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"));
 	for (i = 0; i < specs; i++) {
 		if (!seen[i])
-			die("pathspec '%s' did not match any files", pathspec[i]);
+			die(_("pathspec '%s' did not match any files"), pathspec[i]);
 	}
         free(seen);
 }
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@
 		for (p = pathspec; *p; p++) {
 			if (has_symlink_leading_path(*p, strlen(*p))) {
 				int len = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
-				die("'%s' is beyond a symbolic link", *p + len);
+				die(_("'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"), *p + len);
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@
 	git_config(git_diff_basic_config, NULL); /* no "diff" UI options */
 
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		die ("Could not read the index");
+		die (_("Could not read the index"));
 
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
 	rev.diffopt.context = 7;
@@ -281,24 +281,24 @@
 	rev.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
 	out = open(file, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0644);
 	if (out < 0)
-		die ("Could not open '%s' for writing.", file);
+		die (_("Could not open '%s' for writing."), file);
 	rev.diffopt.file = xfdopen(out, "w");
 	rev.diffopt.close_file = 1;
 	if (run_diff_files(&rev, 0))
-		die ("Could not write patch");
+		die (_("Could not write patch"));
 
 	launch_editor(file, NULL, NULL);
 
 	if (stat(file, &st))
-		die_errno("Could not stat '%s'", file);
+		die_errno(_("Could not stat '%s'"), file);
 	if (!st.st_size)
-		die("Empty patch. Aborted.");
+		die(_("Empty patch. Aborted."));
 
 	memset(&child, 0, sizeof(child));
 	child.git_cmd = 1;
 	child.argv = apply_argv;
 	if (run_command(&child))
-		die ("Could not apply '%s'", file);
+		die (_("Could not apply '%s'"), file);
 
 	unlink(file);
 	return 0;
@@ -307,22 +307,22 @@
 static struct lock_file lock_file;
 
 static const char ignore_error[] =
-"The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n";
+N_("The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n");
 
 static int verbose = 0, show_only = 0, ignored_too = 0, refresh_only = 0;
 static int ignore_add_errors, addremove, intent_to_add, ignore_missing = 0;
 
 static struct option builtin_add_options[] = {
-	OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only),
-	OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
+	OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only, "dry run"),
+	OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "be verbose"),
 	OPT_GROUP(""),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('i', "interactive", &add_interactive, "interactive picking"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "patch", &patch_interactive, "interactive patching"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "patch", &patch_interactive, "select hunks interactively"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('e', "edit", &edit_interactive, "edit current diff and apply"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &ignored_too, "allow adding otherwise ignored files"),
+	OPT__FORCE(&ignored_too, "allow adding otherwise ignored files"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('u', "update", &take_worktree_changes, "update tracked files"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('N', "intent-to-add", &intent_to_add, "record only the fact that the path will be added later"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('A', "all", &addremove, "add all, noticing removal of tracked files"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('A', "all", &addremove, "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "refresh", &refresh_only, "don't add, only refresh the index"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "ignore-errors", &ignore_add_errors, "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "ignore-missing", &ignore_missing, "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"),
@@ -331,7 +331,8 @@
 
 static int add_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
-	if (!strcasecmp(var, "add.ignore-errors")) {
+	if (!strcmp(var, "add.ignoreerrors") ||
+	    !strcmp(var, "add.ignore-errors")) {
 		ignore_add_errors = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -343,17 +344,17 @@
 	int i, exit_status = 0;
 
 	if (dir->ignored_nr) {
-		fprintf(stderr, ignore_error);
+		fprintf(stderr, _(ignore_error));
 		for (i = 0; i < dir->ignored_nr; i++)
 			fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", dir->ignored[i]->name);
-		fprintf(stderr, "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n");
-		die("no files added");
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"));
+		die(_("no files added"));
 	}
 
 	for (i = 0; i < dir->nr; i++)
 		if (add_file_to_cache(dir->entries[i]->name, flags)) {
 			if (!ignore_add_errors)
-				die("adding files failed");
+				die(_("adding files failed"));
 			exit_status = 1;
 		}
 	return exit_status;
@@ -385,9 +386,9 @@
 	argv++;
 
 	if (addremove && take_worktree_changes)
-		die("-A and -u are mutually incompatible");
+		die(_("-A and -u are mutually incompatible"));
 	if (!show_only && ignore_missing)
-		die("Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run");
+		die(_("Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"));
 	if ((addremove || take_worktree_changes) && !argc) {
 		static const char *here[2] = { ".", NULL };
 		argc = 1;
@@ -407,14 +408,14 @@
 		  ? ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_REMOVAL : 0));
 
 	if (require_pathspec && argc == 0) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n");
-		fprintf(stderr, "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n");
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"));
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"));
 		return 0;
 	}
 	pathspec = validate_pathspec(argc, argv, prefix);
 
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		die("index file corrupt");
+		die(_("index file corrupt"));
 	treat_gitlinks(pathspec);
 
 	if (add_new_files) {
@@ -446,10 +447,11 @@
 			if (!seen[i] && pathspec[i][0]
 			    && !file_exists(pathspec[i])) {
 				if (ignore_missing) {
-					if (excluded(&dir, pathspec[i], DT_UNKNOWN))
+					int dtype = DT_UNKNOWN;
+					if (excluded(&dir, pathspec[i], &dtype))
 						dir_add_ignored(&dir, pathspec[i], strlen(pathspec[i]));
 				} else
-					die("pathspec '%s' did not match any files",
+					die(_("pathspec '%s' did not match any files"),
 					    pathspec[i]);
 			}
 		}
@@ -465,7 +467,7 @@
 	if (active_cache_changed) {
 		if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 		    commit_locked_index(&lock_file))
-			die("Unable to write new index file");
+			die(_("Unable to write new index file"));
 	}
 
 	return exit_status;
diff --git a/builtin/apply.c b/builtin/apply.c
index 23c18c5..530d4bb 100644
--- a/builtin/apply.c
+++ b/builtin/apply.c
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
 static int apply_in_reverse;
 static int apply_with_reject;
 static int apply_verbosely;
+static int allow_overlap;
 static int no_add;
 static const char *fake_ancestor;
 static int line_termination = '\n';
@@ -204,6 +205,7 @@
 	unsigned hash : 24;
 	unsigned flag : 8;
 #define LINE_COMMON     1
+#define LINE_PATCHED	2
 };
 
 /*
@@ -449,7 +451,7 @@
 	return squash_slash(strbuf_detach(&name, NULL));
 }
 
-static size_t tz_len(const char *line, size_t len)
+static size_t sane_tz_len(const char *line, size_t len)
 {
 	const char *tz, *p;
 
@@ -467,6 +469,24 @@
 	return line + len - tz;
 }
 
+static size_t tz_with_colon_len(const char *line, size_t len)
+{
+	const char *tz, *p;
+
+	if (len < strlen(" +08:00") || line[len - strlen(":00")] != ':')
+		return 0;
+	tz = line + len - strlen(" +08:00");
+
+	if (tz[0] != ' ' || (tz[1] != '+' && tz[1] != '-'))
+		return 0;
+	p = tz + 2;
+	if (!isdigit(*p++) || !isdigit(*p++) || *p++ != ':' ||
+	    !isdigit(*p++) || !isdigit(*p++))
+		return 0;
+
+	return line + len - tz;
+}
+
 static size_t date_len(const char *line, size_t len)
 {
 	const char *date, *p;
@@ -561,7 +581,9 @@
 	if (!isdigit(end[-1]))
 		return 0;
 
-	n = tz_len(line, end - line);
+	n = sane_tz_len(line, end - line);
+	if (!n)
+		n = tz_with_colon_len(line, end - line);
 	end -= n;
 
 	n = short_time_len(line, end - line);
@@ -733,8 +755,8 @@
 		" "
 		"[0-2][0-9]:[0-5][0-9]:00(\\.0+)?"
 		" "
-		"([-+][0-2][0-9][0-5][0-9])\n";
-	const char *timestamp = NULL, *cp;
+		"([-+][0-2][0-9]:?[0-5][0-9])\n";
+	const char *timestamp = NULL, *cp, *colon;
 	static regex_t *stamp;
 	regmatch_t m[10];
 	int zoneoffset;
@@ -764,8 +786,11 @@
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	zoneoffset = strtol(timestamp + m[3].rm_so + 1, NULL, 10);
-	zoneoffset = (zoneoffset / 100) * 60 + (zoneoffset % 100);
+	zoneoffset = strtol(timestamp + m[3].rm_so + 1, (char **) &colon, 10);
+	if (*colon == ':')
+		zoneoffset = zoneoffset * 60 + strtol(colon + 1, NULL, 10);
+	else
+		zoneoffset = (zoneoffset / 100) * 60 + (zoneoffset % 100);
 	if (timestamp[m[3].rm_so] == '-')
 		zoneoffset = -zoneoffset;
 
@@ -919,28 +944,28 @@
 static int gitdiff_copysrc(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
 {
 	patch->is_copy = 1;
-	patch->old_name = find_name(line, NULL, 0, 0);
+	patch->old_name = find_name(line, NULL, p_value ? p_value - 1 : 0, 0);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static int gitdiff_copydst(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
 {
 	patch->is_copy = 1;
-	patch->new_name = find_name(line, NULL, 0, 0);
+	patch->new_name = find_name(line, NULL, p_value ? p_value - 1 : 0, 0);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static int gitdiff_renamesrc(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
 {
 	patch->is_rename = 1;
-	patch->old_name = find_name(line, NULL, 0, 0);
+	patch->old_name = find_name(line, NULL, p_value ? p_value - 1 : 0, 0);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static int gitdiff_renamedst(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
 {
 	patch->is_rename = 1;
-	patch->new_name = find_name(line, NULL, 0, 0);
+	patch->new_name = find_name(line, NULL, p_value ? p_value - 1 : 0, 0);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1025,7 +1050,7 @@
 {
 	const char *name;
 	const char *second = NULL;
-	size_t len;
+	size_t len, line_len;
 
 	line += strlen("diff --git ");
 	llen -= strlen("diff --git ");
@@ -1125,6 +1150,10 @@
 	 * Accept a name only if it shows up twice, exactly the same
 	 * form.
 	 */
+	second = strchr(name, '\n');
+	if (!second)
+		return NULL;
+	line_len = second - name;
 	for (len = 0 ; ; len++) {
 		switch (name[len]) {
 		default:
@@ -1132,15 +1161,11 @@
 		case '\n':
 			return NULL;
 		case '\t': case ' ':
-			second = name+len;
-			for (;;) {
-				char c = *second++;
-				if (c == '\n')
-					return NULL;
-				if (c == '/')
-					break;
-			}
-			if (second[len] == '\n' && !memcmp(name, second, len)) {
+			second = stop_at_slash(name + len, line_len - len);
+			if (!second)
+				return NULL;
+			second++;
+			if (second[len] == '\n' && !strncmp(name, second, len)) {
 				return xmemdupz(name, len);
 			}
 		}
@@ -2062,7 +2087,8 @@
 
 	/* Quick hash check */
 	for (i = 0; i < preimage_limit; i++)
-		if (preimage->line[i].hash != img->line[try_lno + i].hash)
+		if ((img->line[try_lno + i].flag & LINE_PATCHED) ||
+		    (preimage->line[i].hash != img->line[try_lno + i].hash))
 			return 0;
 
 	if (preimage_limit == preimage->nr) {
@@ -2405,11 +2431,15 @@
 	memcpy(img->line + applied_pos,
 	       postimage->line,
 	       postimage->nr * sizeof(*img->line));
+	if (!allow_overlap)
+		for (i = 0; i < postimage->nr; i++)
+			img->line[applied_pos + i].flag |= LINE_PATCHED;
 	img->nr = nr;
 }
 
 static int apply_one_fragment(struct image *img, struct fragment *frag,
-			      int inaccurate_eof, unsigned ws_rule)
+			      int inaccurate_eof, unsigned ws_rule,
+			      int nth_fragment)
 {
 	int match_beginning, match_end;
 	const char *patch = frag->patch;
@@ -2615,6 +2645,15 @@
 				apply = 0;
 		}
 
+		if (apply_verbosely && applied_pos != pos) {
+			int offset = applied_pos - pos;
+			if (apply_in_reverse)
+				offset = 0 - offset;
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines).\n",
+				nth_fragment, applied_pos + 1, offset);
+		}
+
 		/*
 		 * Warn if it was necessary to reduce the number
 		 * of context lines.
@@ -2645,6 +2684,12 @@
 	unsigned long len;
 	void *dst;
 
+	if (!fragment)
+		return error("missing binary patch data for '%s'",
+			     patch->new_name ?
+			     patch->new_name :
+			     patch->old_name);
+
 	/* Binary patch is irreversible without the optional second hunk */
 	if (apply_in_reverse) {
 		if (!fragment->next)
@@ -2756,12 +2801,14 @@
 	const char *name = patch->old_name ? patch->old_name : patch->new_name;
 	unsigned ws_rule = patch->ws_rule;
 	unsigned inaccurate_eof = patch->inaccurate_eof;
+	int nth = 0;
 
 	if (patch->is_binary)
 		return apply_binary(img, patch);
 
 	while (frag) {
-		if (apply_one_fragment(img, frag, inaccurate_eof, ws_rule)) {
+		nth++;
+		if (apply_one_fragment(img, frag, inaccurate_eof, ws_rule, nth)) {
 			error("patch failed: %s:%ld", name, frag->oldpos);
 			if (!apply_with_reject)
 				return -1;
@@ -3843,7 +3890,9 @@
 			"don't expect at least one line of context"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "reject", &apply_with_reject,
 			"leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"),
-		OPT__VERBOSE(&apply_verbosely),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "allow-overlap", &allow_overlap,
+			"allow overlapping hunks"),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&apply_verbosely, "be verbose"),
 		OPT_BIT(0, "inaccurate-eof", &options,
 			"tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file",
 			INACCURATE_EOF),
diff --git a/builtin/archive.c b/builtin/archive.c
index 6a887f5..b14eaba 100644
--- a/builtin/archive.c
+++ b/builtin/archive.c
@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@
 {
 	int output_fd = open(output_file, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC, 0666);
 	if (output_fd < 0)
-		die_errno("could not create archive file '%s'", output_file);
+		die_errno(_("could not create archive file '%s'"), output_file);
 	if (output_fd != 1) {
 		if (dup2(output_fd, 1) < 0)
-			die_errno("could not redirect output");
+			die_errno(_("could not redirect output"));
 		else
 			close(output_fd);
 	}
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 
 	_remote = remote_get(remote);
 	if (!_remote->url[0])
-		die("git archive: Remote with no URL");
+		die(_("git archive: Remote with no URL"));
 	transport = transport_get(_remote, _remote->url[0]);
 	transport_connect(transport, "git-upload-archive", exec, fd);
 
@@ -43,18 +43,18 @@
 
 	len = packet_read_line(fd[0], buf, sizeof(buf));
 	if (!len)
-		die("git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF");
+		die(_("git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"));
 	if (buf[len-1] == '\n')
 		buf[--len] = 0;
 	if (strcmp(buf, "ACK")) {
 		if (len > 5 && !prefixcmp(buf, "NACK "))
-			die("git archive: NACK %s", buf + 5);
-		die("git archive: protocol error");
+			die(_("git archive: NACK %s"), buf + 5);
+		die(_("git archive: protocol error"));
 	}
 
 	len = packet_read_line(fd[0], buf, sizeof(buf));
 	if (len)
-		die("git archive: expected a flush");
+		die(_("git archive: expected a flush"));
 
 	/* Now, start reading from fd[0] and spit it out to stdout */
 	rv = recv_sideband("archive", fd[0], 1);
diff --git a/builtin/blame.c b/builtin/blame.c
index 1015354..41525f1 100644
--- a/builtin/blame.c
+++ b/builtin/blame.c
@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@
 	struct commit *commit;
 	mmfile_t file;
 	unsigned char blob_sha1[20];
+	unsigned mode;
 	char path[FLEX_ARRAY];
 };
 
@@ -92,6 +93,7 @@
  * Return 1 if the conversion succeeds, 0 otherwise.
  */
 int textconv_object(const char *path,
+		    unsigned mode,
 		    const unsigned char *sha1,
 		    char **buf,
 		    unsigned long *buf_size)
@@ -100,7 +102,7 @@
 	struct userdiff_driver *textconv;
 
 	df = alloc_filespec(path);
-	fill_filespec(df, sha1, S_IFREG | 0664);
+	fill_filespec(df, sha1, mode);
 	textconv = get_textconv(df);
 	if (!textconv) {
 		free_filespec(df);
@@ -125,7 +127,7 @@
 
 		num_read_blob++;
 		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV) &&
-		    textconv_object(o->path, o->blob_sha1, &file->ptr, &file_size))
+		    textconv_object(o->path, o->mode, o->blob_sha1, &file->ptr, &file_size))
 			;
 		else
 			file->ptr = read_sha1_file(o->blob_sha1, &type, &file_size);
@@ -313,21 +315,23 @@
  * for an origin is also used to pass the blame for the entire file to
  * the parent to detect the case where a child's blob is identical to
  * that of its parent's.
+ *
+ * This also fills origin->mode for corresponding tree path.
  */
-static int fill_blob_sha1(struct origin *origin)
+static int fill_blob_sha1_and_mode(struct origin *origin)
 {
-	unsigned mode;
 	if (!is_null_sha1(origin->blob_sha1))
 		return 0;
 	if (get_tree_entry(origin->commit->object.sha1,
 			   origin->path,
-			   origin->blob_sha1, &mode))
+			   origin->blob_sha1, &origin->mode))
 		goto error_out;
 	if (sha1_object_info(origin->blob_sha1, NULL) != OBJ_BLOB)
 		goto error_out;
 	return 0;
  error_out:
 	hashclr(origin->blob_sha1);
+	origin->mode = S_IFINVALID;
 	return -1;
 }
 
@@ -360,12 +364,14 @@
 			/*
 			 * If the origin was newly created (i.e. get_origin
 			 * would call make_origin if none is found in the
-			 * scoreboard), it does not know the blob_sha1,
+			 * scoreboard), it does not know the blob_sha1/mode,
 			 * so copy it.  Otherwise porigin was in the
-			 * scoreboard and already knows blob_sha1.
+			 * scoreboard and already knows blob_sha1/mode.
 			 */
-			if (porigin->refcnt == 1)
+			if (porigin->refcnt == 1) {
 				hashcpy(porigin->blob_sha1, cached->blob_sha1);
+				porigin->mode = cached->mode;
+			}
 			return porigin;
 		}
 		/* otherwise it was not very useful; free it */
@@ -400,6 +406,7 @@
 		/* The path is the same as parent */
 		porigin = get_origin(sb, parent, origin->path);
 		hashcpy(porigin->blob_sha1, origin->blob_sha1);
+		porigin->mode = origin->mode;
 	} else {
 		/*
 		 * Since origin->path is a pathspec, if the parent
@@ -425,6 +432,7 @@
 		case 'M':
 			porigin = get_origin(sb, parent, origin->path);
 			hashcpy(porigin->blob_sha1, p->one->sha1);
+			porigin->mode = p->one->mode;
 			break;
 		case 'A':
 		case 'T':
@@ -444,6 +452,7 @@
 
 		cached = make_origin(porigin->commit, porigin->path);
 		hashcpy(cached->blob_sha1, porigin->blob_sha1);
+		cached->mode = porigin->mode;
 		parent->util = cached;
 	}
 	return porigin;
@@ -486,6 +495,7 @@
 		    !strcmp(p->two->path, origin->path)) {
 			porigin = get_origin(sb, parent, p->one->path);
 			hashcpy(porigin->blob_sha1, p->one->sha1);
+			porigin->mode = p->one->mode;
 			break;
 		}
 	}
@@ -1099,6 +1109,7 @@
 
 			norigin = get_origin(sb, parent, p->one->path);
 			hashcpy(norigin->blob_sha1, p->one->sha1);
+			norigin->mode = p->one->mode;
 			fill_origin_blob(&sb->revs->diffopt, norigin, &file_p);
 			if (!file_p.ptr)
 				continue;
@@ -1301,8 +1312,7 @@
 /*
  * Information on commits, used for output.
  */
-struct commit_info
-{
+struct commit_info {
 	const char *author;
 	const char *author_mail;
 	unsigned long author_time;
@@ -1367,7 +1377,7 @@
 	timepos = tmp;
 
 	*tmp = 0;
-	while (person < tmp && *tmp != ' ')
+	while (person < tmp && !(*tmp == ' ' && tmp[1] == '<'))
 		tmp--;
 	if (tmp <= person)
 		return;
@@ -1606,6 +1616,7 @@
 #define OUTPUT_SHOW_NUMBER	040
 #define OUTPUT_SHOW_SCORE      0100
 #define OUTPUT_NO_AUTHOR       0200
+#define OUTPUT_SHOW_EMAIL	0400
 
 static void emit_porcelain(struct scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *ent)
 {
@@ -1671,12 +1682,17 @@
 		}
 
 		printf("%.*s", length, hex);
-		if (opt & OUTPUT_ANNOTATE_COMPAT)
-			printf("\t(%10s\t%10s\t%d)", ci.author,
+		if (opt & OUTPUT_ANNOTATE_COMPAT) {
+			const char *name;
+			if (opt & OUTPUT_SHOW_EMAIL)
+				name = ci.author_mail;
+			else
+				name = ci.author;
+			printf("\t(%10s\t%10s\t%d)", name,
 			       format_time(ci.author_time, ci.author_tz,
 					   show_raw_time),
 			       ent->lno + 1 + cnt);
-		else {
+		} else {
 			if (opt & OUTPUT_SHOW_SCORE)
 				printf(" %*d %02d",
 				       max_score_digits, ent->score,
@@ -1689,9 +1705,15 @@
 				       ent->s_lno + 1 + cnt);
 
 			if (!(opt & OUTPUT_NO_AUTHOR)) {
-				int pad = longest_author - utf8_strwidth(ci.author);
+				const char *name;
+				int pad;
+				if (opt & OUTPUT_SHOW_EMAIL)
+					name = ci.author_mail;
+				else
+					name = ci.author;
+				pad = longest_author - utf8_strwidth(name);
 				printf(" (%s%*s %10s",
-				       ci.author, pad, "",
+				       name, pad, "",
 				       format_time(ci.author_time,
 						   ci.author_tz,
 						   show_raw_time));
@@ -1829,7 +1851,10 @@
 		if (!(suspect->commit->object.flags & METAINFO_SHOWN)) {
 			suspect->commit->object.flags |= METAINFO_SHOWN;
 			get_commit_info(suspect->commit, &ci, 1);
-			num = utf8_strwidth(ci.author);
+			if (*option & OUTPUT_SHOW_EMAIL)
+				num = utf8_strwidth(ci.author_mail);
+			else
+				num = utf8_strwidth(ci.author);
 			if (longest_author < num)
 				longest_author = num;
 		}
@@ -2075,7 +2100,7 @@
 		switch (st.st_mode & S_IFMT) {
 		case S_IFREG:
 			if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV) &&
-			    textconv_object(read_from, null_sha1, &buf.buf, &buf_len))
+			    textconv_object(read_from, mode, null_sha1, &buf.buf, &buf_len))
 				buf.len = buf_len;
 			else if (strbuf_read_file(&buf, read_from, st.st_size) != st.st_size)
 				die_errno("cannot open or read '%s'", read_from);
@@ -2278,6 +2303,7 @@
 		OPT_BIT('t', NULL, &output_option, "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)", OUTPUT_RAW_TIMESTAMP),
 		OPT_BIT('l', NULL, &output_option, "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)", OUTPUT_LONG_OBJECT_NAME),
 		OPT_BIT('s', NULL, &output_option, "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)", OUTPUT_NO_AUTHOR),
+		OPT_BIT('e', "show-email", &output_option, "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)", OUTPUT_SHOW_EMAIL),
 		OPT_BIT('w', NULL, &xdl_opts, "Ignore whitespace differences", XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE),
 		OPT_STRING('S', NULL, &revs_file, "file", "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "contents", &contents_from, "file", "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"),
@@ -2298,8 +2324,8 @@
 	save_commit_buffer = 0;
 	dashdash_pos = 0;
 
-	parse_options_start(&ctx, argc, argv, prefix, PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH |
-			    PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0);
+	parse_options_start(&ctx, argc, argv, prefix, options,
+			    PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH | PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0);
 	for (;;) {
 		switch (parse_options_step(&ctx, options, blame_opt_usage)) {
 		case PARSE_OPT_HELP:
@@ -2455,11 +2481,11 @@
 	}
 	else {
 		o = get_origin(&sb, sb.final, path);
-		if (fill_blob_sha1(o))
+		if (fill_blob_sha1_and_mode(o))
 			die("no such path %s in %s", path, final_commit_name);
 
 		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(&sb.revs->diffopt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV) &&
-		    textconv_object(path, o->blob_sha1, (char **) &sb.final_buf,
+		    textconv_object(path, o->mode, o->blob_sha1, (char **) &sb.final_buf,
 				    &sb.final_buf_size))
 			;
 		else
diff --git a/builtin/branch.c b/builtin/branch.c
index 87976f0..9cca1b9 100644
--- a/builtin/branch.c
+++ b/builtin/branch.c
@@ -133,12 +133,12 @@
 	if ((head_rev != reference_rev) &&
 	    in_merge_bases(rev, &head_rev, 1) != merged) {
 		if (merged)
-			warning("deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
-				"         '%s', but it is not yet merged to HEAD.",
+			warning(_("deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
+				"         '%s', but not yet merged to HEAD."),
 				name, reference_name);
 		else
-			warning("not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
-				"         '%s', even though it is merged to HEAD.",
+			warning(_("not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
+				"         '%s', even though it is merged to HEAD."),
 				name, reference_name);
 	}
 	return merged;
@@ -157,7 +157,8 @@
 	switch (kinds) {
 	case REF_REMOTE_BRANCH:
 		fmt = "refs/remotes/%s";
-		remote = "remote ";
+		/* TRANSLATORS: This is "remote " in "remote branch '%s' not found" */
+		remote = _("remote ");
 		force = 1;
 		break;
 	case REF_LOCAL_BRANCH:
@@ -165,19 +166,19 @@
 		remote = "";
 		break;
 	default:
-		die("cannot use -a with -d");
+		die(_("cannot use -a with -d"));
 	}
 
 	if (!force) {
 		head_rev = lookup_commit_reference(head_sha1);
 		if (!head_rev)
-			die("Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD");
+			die(_("Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"));
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++, strbuf_release(&bname)) {
 		strbuf_branchname(&bname, argv[i]);
 		if (kinds == REF_LOCAL_BRANCH && !strcmp(head, bname.buf)) {
-			error("Cannot delete the branch '%s' "
-			      "which you are currently on.", bname.buf);
+			error(_("Cannot delete the branch '%s' "
+			      "which you are currently on."), bname.buf);
 			ret = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -186,7 +187,7 @@
 
 		name = xstrdup(mkpath(fmt, bname.buf));
 		if (!resolve_ref(name, sha1, 1, NULL)) {
-			error("%sbranch '%s' not found.",
+			error(_("%sbranch '%s' not found."),
 					remote, bname.buf);
 			ret = 1;
 			continue;
@@ -194,31 +195,31 @@
 
 		rev = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
 		if (!rev) {
-			error("Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'", name);
+			error(_("Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"), name);
 			ret = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 
 		if (!force && !branch_merged(kinds, bname.buf, rev, head_rev)) {
-			error("The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
+			error(_("The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
 			      "If you are sure you want to delete it, "
-			      "run 'git branch -D %s'.", bname.buf, bname.buf);
+			      "run 'git branch -D %s'."), bname.buf, bname.buf);
 			ret = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 
 		if (delete_ref(name, sha1, 0)) {
-			error("Error deleting %sbranch '%s'", remote,
+			error(_("Error deleting %sbranch '%s'"), remote,
 			      bname.buf);
 			ret = 1;
 		} else {
 			struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-			printf("Deleted %sbranch %s (was %s).\n", remote,
+			printf(_("Deleted %sbranch %s (was %s).\n"), remote,
 			       bname.buf,
 			       find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 			strbuf_addf(&buf, "branch.%s", bname.buf);
 			if (git_config_rename_section(buf.buf, NULL) < 0)
-				warning("Update of config-file failed");
+				warning(_("Update of config-file failed"));
 			strbuf_release(&buf);
 		}
 	}
@@ -300,7 +301,7 @@
 	if (ref_list->verbose || ref_list->with_commit || merge_filter != NO_FILTER) {
 		commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
 		if (!commit) {
-			cb->ret = error("branch '%s' does not point at a commit", refname);
+			cb->ret = error(_("branch '%s' does not point at a commit"), refname);
 			return 0;
 		}
 
@@ -313,12 +314,7 @@
 					   (struct object *)commit, refname);
 	}
 
-	/* Resize buffer */
-	if (ref_list->index >= ref_list->alloc) {
-		ref_list->alloc = alloc_nr(ref_list->alloc);
-		ref_list->list = xrealloc(ref_list->list,
-				ref_list->alloc * sizeof(struct ref_item));
-	}
+	ALLOC_GROW(ref_list->list, ref_list->index + 1, ref_list->alloc);
 
 	/* Record the new item */
 	newitem = &(ref_list->list[ref_list->index++]);
@@ -377,11 +373,11 @@
 		strbuf_addf(stat, "%s: ",
 			shorten_unambiguous_ref(branch->merge[0]->dst, 0));
 	if (!ours)
-		strbuf_addf(stat, "behind %d] ", theirs);
+		strbuf_addf(stat, _("behind %d] "), theirs);
 	else if (!theirs)
-		strbuf_addf(stat, "ahead %d] ", ours);
+		strbuf_addf(stat, _("ahead %d] "), ours);
 	else
-		strbuf_addf(stat, "ahead %d, behind %d] ", ours, theirs);
+		strbuf_addf(stat, _("ahead %d, behind %d] "), ours, theirs);
 }
 
 static int matches_merge_filter(struct commit *commit)
@@ -395,6 +391,30 @@
 	return (is_merged == (merge_filter == SHOW_MERGED));
 }
 
+static void add_verbose_info(struct strbuf *out, struct ref_item *item,
+			     int verbose, int abbrev)
+{
+	struct strbuf subject = STRBUF_INIT, stat = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *sub = " **** invalid ref ****";
+	struct commit *commit = item->commit;
+
+	if (commit && !parse_commit(commit)) {
+		struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
+		pretty_print_commit(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit,
+				    &subject, &ctx);
+		sub = subject.buf;
+	}
+
+	if (item->kind == REF_LOCAL_BRANCH)
+		fill_tracking_info(&stat, item->name, verbose > 1);
+
+	strbuf_addf(out, " %s %s%s",
+		find_unique_abbrev(item->commit->object.sha1, abbrev),
+		stat.buf, sub);
+	strbuf_release(&stat);
+	strbuf_release(&subject);
+}
+
 static void print_ref_item(struct ref_item *item, int maxwidth, int verbose,
 			   int abbrev, int current, char *prefix)
 {
@@ -435,27 +455,9 @@
 
 	if (item->dest)
 		strbuf_addf(&out, " -> %s", item->dest);
-	else if (verbose) {
-		struct strbuf subject = STRBUF_INIT, stat = STRBUF_INIT;
-		const char *sub = " **** invalid ref ****";
-
-		commit = item->commit;
-		if (commit && !parse_commit(commit)) {
-			struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
-			pretty_print_commit(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit,
-					    &subject, &ctx);
-			sub = subject.buf;
-		}
-
-		if (item->kind == REF_LOCAL_BRANCH)
-			fill_tracking_info(&stat, item->name, verbose > 1);
-
-		strbuf_addf(&out, " %s %s%s",
-			find_unique_abbrev(item->commit->object.sha1, abbrev),
-			stat.buf, sub);
-		strbuf_release(&stat);
-		strbuf_release(&subject);
-	}
+	else if (verbose)
+		/* " f7c0c00 [ahead 58, behind 197] vcs-svn: drop obj_pool.h" */
+		add_verbose_info(&out, item, verbose, abbrev);
 	printf("%s\n", out.buf);
 	strbuf_release(&name);
 	strbuf_release(&out);
@@ -480,7 +482,7 @@
 
 	if (head_commit && is_descendant_of(head_commit, ref_list->with_commit)) {
 		struct ref_item item;
-		item.name = xstrdup("(no branch)");
+		item.name = xstrdup(_("(no branch)"));
 		item.len = strlen(item.name);
 		item.kind = REF_LOCAL_BRANCH;
 		item.dest = NULL;
@@ -540,7 +542,7 @@
 	free_ref_list(&ref_list);
 
 	if (cb.ret)
-		error("some refs could not be read");
+		error(_("some refs could not be read"));
 
 	return cb.ret;
 }
@@ -553,7 +555,7 @@
 	int recovery = 0;
 
 	if (!oldname)
-		die("cannot rename the current branch while not on any.");
+		die(_("cannot rename the current branch while not on any."));
 
 	if (strbuf_check_branch_ref(&oldref, oldname)) {
 		/*
@@ -563,35 +565,35 @@
 		if (resolve_ref(oldref.buf, sha1, 1, NULL))
 			recovery = 1;
 		else
-			die("Invalid branch name: '%s'", oldname);
+			die(_("Invalid branch name: '%s'"), oldname);
 	}
 
 	if (strbuf_check_branch_ref(&newref, newname))
-		die("Invalid branch name: '%s'", newname);
+		die(_("Invalid branch name: '%s'"), newname);
 
 	if (resolve_ref(newref.buf, sha1, 1, NULL) && !force)
-		die("A branch named '%s' already exists.", newref.buf + 11);
+		die(_("A branch named '%s' already exists."), newref.buf + 11);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&logmsg, "Branch: renamed %s to %s",
 		 oldref.buf, newref.buf);
 
 	if (rename_ref(oldref.buf, newref.buf, logmsg.buf))
-		die("Branch rename failed");
+		die(_("Branch rename failed"));
 	strbuf_release(&logmsg);
 
 	if (recovery)
-		warning("Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away", oldref.buf + 11);
+		warning(_("Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"), oldref.buf + 11);
 
 	/* no need to pass logmsg here as HEAD didn't really move */
 	if (!strcmp(oldname, head) && create_symref("HEAD", newref.buf, NULL))
-		die("Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!", newname);
+		die(_("Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"), newname);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&oldsection, "branch.%s", oldref.buf + 11);
 	strbuf_release(&oldref);
 	strbuf_addf(&newsection, "branch.%s", newref.buf + 11);
 	strbuf_release(&newref);
 	if (git_config_rename_section(oldsection.buf, newsection.buf) < 0)
-		die("Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed");
+		die(_("Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"));
 	strbuf_release(&oldsection);
 	strbuf_release(&newsection);
 }
@@ -606,7 +608,7 @@
 	if (!arg)
 		arg = "HEAD";
 	if (get_sha1(arg, merge_filter_ref))
-		die("malformed object name %s", arg);
+		die(_("malformed object name %s"), arg);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -621,7 +623,8 @@
 
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_GROUP("Generic options"),
-		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose,
+			"show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"),
 		OPT_SET_INT('t', "track",  &track, "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))",
 			BRANCH_TRACK_EXPLICIT),
 		OPT_SET_INT( 0, "set-upstream",  &track, "change upstream info",
@@ -651,7 +654,7 @@
 		OPT_BIT('m', NULL, &rename, "move/rename a branch and its reflog", 1),
 		OPT_BIT('M', NULL, &rename, "move/rename a branch, even if target exists", 2),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('l', NULL, &reflog, "create the branch's reflog"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &force_create, "force creation (when already exists)"),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force_create, "force creation (when already exists)"),
 		{
 			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "no-merged", &merge_filter_ref,
 			"commit", "print only not merged branches",
@@ -667,6 +670,9 @@
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage_with_options(builtin_branch_usage, options);
+
 	git_config(git_branch_config, NULL);
 
 	if (branch_use_color == -1)
@@ -676,13 +682,13 @@
 
 	head = resolve_ref("HEAD", head_sha1, 0, NULL);
 	if (!head)
-		die("Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref.");
+		die(_("Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."));
 	head = xstrdup(head);
 	if (!strcmp(head, "HEAD")) {
 		detached = 1;
 	} else {
 		if (prefixcmp(head, "refs/heads/"))
-			die("HEAD not found below refs/heads!");
+			die(_("HEAD not found below refs/heads!"));
 		head += 11;
 	}
 	hashcpy(merge_filter_ref, head_sha1);
@@ -702,7 +708,7 @@
 		rename_branch(argv[0], argv[1], rename > 1);
 	else if (argc <= 2) {
 		if (kinds != REF_LOCAL_BRANCH)
-			die("-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name");
+			die(_("-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"));
 		create_branch(head, argv[0], (argc == 2) ? argv[1] : head,
 			      force_create, reflog, track);
 	} else
diff --git a/builtin/bundle.c b/builtin/bundle.c
index 9b87fb9..81046a9 100644
--- a/builtin/bundle.c
+++ b/builtin/bundle.c
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 		close(bundle_fd);
 		if (verify_bundle(&header, 1))
 			return 1;
-		fprintf(stderr, "%s is okay\n", bundle_file);
+		fprintf(stderr, _("%s is okay\n"), bundle_file);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (!strcmp(cmd, "list-heads")) {
@@ -53,11 +53,11 @@
 	}
 	if (!strcmp(cmd, "create")) {
 		if (!startup_info->have_repository)
-			die("Need a repository to create a bundle.");
+			die(_("Need a repository to create a bundle."));
 		return !!create_bundle(&header, bundle_file, argc, argv);
 	} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "unbundle")) {
 		if (!startup_info->have_repository)
-			die("Need a repository to unbundle.");
+			die(_("Need a repository to unbundle."));
 		return !!unbundle(&header, bundle_fd) ||
 			list_bundle_refs(&header, argc, argv);
 	} else
diff --git a/builtin/cat-file.c b/builtin/cat-file.c
index 76ec3fe..94632db 100644
--- a/builtin/cat-file.c
+++ b/builtin/cat-file.c
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@
 			die("git cat-file --textconv %s: <object> must be <sha1:path>",
 			    obj_name);
 
-		if (!textconv_object(obj_context.path, sha1, &buf, &size))
+		if (!textconv_object(obj_context.path, obj_context.mode, sha1, &buf, &size))
 			die("git cat-file --textconv: unable to run textconv on %s",
 			    obj_name);
 		break;
diff --git a/builtin/checkout-index.c b/builtin/checkout-index.c
index 65cbee0..f1fec24 100644
--- a/builtin/checkout-index.c
+++ b/builtin/checkout-index.c
@@ -217,9 +217,9 @@
 	struct option builtin_checkout_index_options[] = {
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all", &all,
 			"checks out all files in the index"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &force,
-			"forces overwrite of existing files"),
-		OPT__QUIET(&quiet),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force, "forces overwrite of existing files"),
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet,
+			"no warning for existing files and files not in index"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "no-create", &not_new,
 			"don't checkout new files"),
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'u', "index", &newfd, NULL,
@@ -241,6 +241,9 @@
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage_with_options(builtin_checkout_index_usage,
+				   builtin_checkout_index_options);
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 	state.base_dir = "";
 	prefix_length = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
diff --git a/builtin/checkout.c b/builtin/checkout.c
index 9240faf..38632fc 100644
--- a/builtin/checkout.c
+++ b/builtin/checkout.c
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 	int quiet;
 	int merge;
 	int force;
+	int force_detach;
 	int writeout_stage;
 	int writeout_error;
 
@@ -103,9 +104,10 @@
 			return 0;
 		pos++;
 	}
-	return error("path '%s' does not have %s version",
-		     ce->name,
-		     (stage == 2) ? "our" : "their");
+	if (stage == 2)
+		return error(_("path '%s' does not have our version"), ce->name);
+	else
+		return error(_("path '%s' does not have their version"), ce->name);
 }
 
 static int check_all_stages(struct cache_entry *ce, int pos)
@@ -116,7 +118,7 @@
 	    ce_stage(active_cache[pos+1]) != 2 ||
 	    strcmp(active_cache[pos+2]->name, ce->name) ||
 	    ce_stage(active_cache[pos+2]) != 3)
-		return error("path '%s' does not have all three versions",
+		return error(_("path '%s' does not have all three versions"),
 			     ce->name);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -130,9 +132,10 @@
 			return checkout_entry(active_cache[pos], state, NULL);
 		pos++;
 	}
-	return error("path '%s' does not have %s version",
-		     ce->name,
-		     (stage == 2) ? "our" : "their");
+	if (stage == 2)
+		return error(_("path '%s' does not have our version"), ce->name);
+	else
+		return error(_("path '%s' does not have their version"), ce->name);
 }
 
 static int checkout_merged(int pos, struct checkout *state)
@@ -150,7 +153,7 @@
 	    ce_stage(active_cache[pos+1]) != 2 ||
 	    strcmp(active_cache[pos+2]->name, path) ||
 	    ce_stage(active_cache[pos+2]) != 3)
-		return error("path '%s' does not have all 3 versions", path);
+		return error(_("path '%s' does not have all 3 versions"), path);
 
 	read_mmblob(&ancestor, active_cache[pos]->sha1);
 	read_mmblob(&ours, active_cache[pos+1]->sha1);
@@ -167,7 +170,7 @@
 	free(theirs.ptr);
 	if (status < 0 || !result_buf.ptr) {
 		free(result_buf.ptr);
-		return error("path '%s': cannot merge", path);
+		return error(_("path '%s': cannot merge"), path);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -184,12 +187,12 @@
 	 */
 	if (write_sha1_file(result_buf.ptr, result_buf.size,
 			    blob_type, sha1))
-		die("Unable to add merge result for '%s'", path);
+		die(_("Unable to add merge result for '%s'"), path);
 	ce = make_cache_entry(create_ce_mode(active_cache[pos+1]->ce_mode),
 			      sha1,
 			      path, 2, 0);
 	if (!ce)
-		die("make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'", path);
+		die(_("make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"), path);
 	status = checkout_entry(ce, state, NULL);
 	return status;
 }
@@ -211,7 +214,7 @@
 
 	newfd = hold_locked_index(lock_file, 1);
 	if (read_cache_preload(pathspec) < 0)
-		return error("corrupt index file");
+		return error(_("corrupt index file"));
 
 	if (source_tree)
 		read_tree_some(source_tree, pathspec);
@@ -239,14 +242,14 @@
 			if (!ce_stage(ce))
 				continue;
 			if (opts->force) {
-				warning("path '%s' is unmerged", ce->name);
+				warning(_("path '%s' is unmerged"), ce->name);
 			} else if (stage) {
 				errs |= check_stage(stage, ce, pos);
 			} else if (opts->merge) {
 				errs |= check_all_stages(ce, pos);
 			} else {
 				errs = 1;
-				error("path '%s' is unmerged", ce->name);
+				error(_("path '%s' is unmerged"), ce->name);
 			}
 			pos = skip_same_name(ce, pos) - 1;
 		}
@@ -275,7 +278,7 @@
 
 	if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 	    commit_locked_index(lock_file))
-		die("unable to write new index file");
+		die(_("unable to write new index file"));
 
 	resolve_ref("HEAD", rev, 0, &flag);
 	head = lookup_commit_reference_gently(rev, 1);
@@ -292,12 +295,12 @@
 	rev.diffopt.flags = opts->flags;
 	rev.diffopt.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_NAME_STATUS;
 	if (diff_setup_done(&rev.diffopt) < 0)
-		die("diff_setup_done failed");
+		die(_("diff_setup_done failed"));
 	add_pending_object(&rev, head, NULL);
 	run_diff_index(&rev, 0);
 }
 
-static void describe_detached_head(char *msg, struct commit *commit)
+static void describe_detached_head(const char *msg, struct commit *commit)
 {
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
@@ -366,7 +369,7 @@
 	int newfd = hold_locked_index(lock_file, 1);
 
 	if (read_cache_preload(NULL) < 0)
-		return error("corrupt index file");
+		return error(_("corrupt index file"));
 
 	resolve_undo_clear();
 	if (opts->force) {
@@ -388,7 +391,7 @@
 		refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
 
 		if (unmerged_cache()) {
-			error("you need to resolve your current index first");
+			error(_("you need to resolve your current index first"));
 			return 1;
 		}
 
@@ -404,7 +407,7 @@
 		topts.dir->exclude_per_dir = ".gitignore";
 		tree = parse_tree_indirect(old->commit ?
 					   old->commit->object.sha1 :
-					   (unsigned char *)EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN);
+					   EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN);
 		init_tree_desc(&trees[0], tree->buffer, tree->size);
 		tree = parse_tree_indirect(new->commit->object.sha1);
 		init_tree_desc(&trees[1], tree->buffer, tree->size);
@@ -470,7 +473,7 @@
 
 	if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 	    commit_locked_index(lock_file))
-		die("unable to write new index file");
+		die(_("unable to write new index file"));
 
 	if (!opts->force && !opts->quiet)
 		show_local_changes(&new->commit->object, &opts->diff_options);
@@ -519,7 +522,7 @@
 				temp = log_all_ref_updates;
 				log_all_ref_updates = 1;
 				if (log_ref_setup(ref_name, log_file, sizeof(log_file))) {
-					fprintf(stderr, "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n",
+					fprintf(stderr, _("Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"),
 					    opts->new_orphan_branch);
 					log_all_ref_updates = temp;
 					return;
@@ -541,19 +544,31 @@
 	strbuf_addf(&msg, "checkout: moving from %s to %s",
 		    old_desc ? old_desc : "(invalid)", new->name);
 
-	if (new->path) {
+	if (!strcmp(new->name, "HEAD") && !new->path && !opts->force_detach) {
+		/* Nothing to do. */
+	} else if (opts->force_detach || !new->path) {	/* No longer on any branch. */
+		update_ref(msg.buf, "HEAD", new->commit->object.sha1, NULL,
+			   REF_NODEREF, DIE_ON_ERR);
+		if (!opts->quiet) {
+			if (old->path && advice_detached_head)
+				detach_advice(old->path, new->name);
+			describe_detached_head(_("HEAD is now at"), new->commit);
+		}
+	} else if (new->path) {	/* Switch branches. */
 		create_symref("HEAD", new->path, msg.buf);
 		if (!opts->quiet) {
-			if (old->path && !strcmp(new->path, old->path))
-				fprintf(stderr, "Already on '%s'\n",
+			if (old->path && !strcmp(new->path, old->path)) {
+				fprintf(stderr, _("Already on '%s'\n"),
 					new->name);
-			else if (opts->new_branch)
-				fprintf(stderr, "Switched to%s branch '%s'\n",
-					opts->branch_exists ? " and reset" : " a new",
+			} else if (opts->new_branch) {
+				if (opts->branch_exists)
+					fprintf(stderr, _("Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"), new->name);
+				else
+					fprintf(stderr, _("Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"), new->name);
+			} else {
+				fprintf(stderr, _("Switched to branch '%s'\n"),
 					new->name);
-			else
-				fprintf(stderr, "Switched to branch '%s'\n",
-					new->name);
+			}
 		}
 		if (old->path && old->name) {
 			char log_file[PATH_MAX], ref_file[PATH_MAX];
@@ -563,21 +578,136 @@
 			if (!file_exists(ref_file) && file_exists(log_file))
 				remove_path(log_file);
 		}
-	} else if (strcmp(new->name, "HEAD")) {
-		update_ref(msg.buf, "HEAD", new->commit->object.sha1, NULL,
-			   REF_NODEREF, DIE_ON_ERR);
-		if (!opts->quiet) {
-			if (old->path && advice_detached_head)
-				detach_advice(old->path, new->name);
-			describe_detached_head("HEAD is now at", new->commit);
-		}
 	}
 	remove_branch_state();
 	strbuf_release(&msg);
-	if (!opts->quiet && (new->path || !strcmp(new->name, "HEAD")))
+	if (!opts->quiet &&
+	    (new->path || (!opts->force_detach && !strcmp(new->name, "HEAD"))))
 		report_tracking(new);
 }
 
+struct rev_list_args {
+	int argc;
+	int alloc;
+	const char **argv;
+};
+
+static void add_one_rev_list_arg(struct rev_list_args *args, const char *s)
+{
+	ALLOC_GROW(args->argv, args->argc + 1, args->alloc);
+	args->argv[args->argc++] = s;
+}
+
+static int add_one_ref_to_rev_list_arg(const char *refname,
+				       const unsigned char *sha1,
+				       int flags,
+				       void *cb_data)
+{
+	add_one_rev_list_arg(cb_data, refname);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int clear_commit_marks_from_one_ref(const char *refname,
+				      const unsigned char *sha1,
+				      int flags,
+				      void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct commit *commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+	if (commit)
+		clear_commit_marks(commit, -1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void describe_one_orphan(struct strbuf *sb, struct commit *commit)
+{
+	struct pretty_print_context ctx = { 0 };
+
+	parse_commit(commit);
+	strbuf_addstr(sb, "  ");
+	strbuf_addstr(sb,
+		find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+	strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
+	pretty_print_commit(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit, sb, &ctx);
+	strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
+}
+
+#define ORPHAN_CUTOFF 4
+static void suggest_reattach(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *revs)
+{
+	struct commit *c, *last = NULL;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int lost = 0;
+	while ((c = get_revision(revs)) != NULL) {
+		if (lost < ORPHAN_CUTOFF)
+			describe_one_orphan(&sb, c);
+		last = c;
+		lost++;
+	}
+	if (ORPHAN_CUTOFF < lost) {
+		int more = lost - ORPHAN_CUTOFF;
+		if (more == 1)
+			describe_one_orphan(&sb, last);
+		else
+			strbuf_addf(&sb, _(" ... and %d more.\n"), more);
+	}
+
+	fprintf(stderr,
+		Q_(
+		/* The singular version */
+		"Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, "
+		"not connected to\n"
+		"any of your branches:\n\n"
+		"%s\n"
+		"If you want to keep it by creating a new branch, "
+		"this may be a good time\nto do so with:\n\n"
+		" git branch new_branch_name %s\n\n",
+		/* The plural version */
+		"Warning: you are leaving %d commits behind, "
+		"not connected to\n"
+		"any of your branches:\n\n"
+		"%s\n"
+		"If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, "
+		"this may be a good time\nto do so with:\n\n"
+		" git branch new_branch_name %s\n\n",
+		/* Give ngettext() the count */
+		lost),
+		lost,
+		sb.buf,
+		sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+/*
+ * We are about to leave commit that was at the tip of a detached
+ * HEAD.  If it is not reachable from any ref, this is the last chance
+ * for the user to do so without resorting to reflog.
+ */
+static void orphaned_commit_warning(struct commit *commit)
+{
+	struct rev_list_args args = { 0, 0, NULL };
+	struct rev_info revs;
+
+	add_one_rev_list_arg(&args, "(internal)");
+	add_one_rev_list_arg(&args, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+	add_one_rev_list_arg(&args, "--not");
+	for_each_ref(add_one_ref_to_rev_list_arg, &args);
+	add_one_rev_list_arg(&args, "--");
+	add_one_rev_list_arg(&args, NULL);
+
+	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
+	if (setup_revisions(args.argc - 1, args.argv, &revs, NULL) != 1)
+		die(_("internal error: only -- alone should have been left"));
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
+		die(_("internal error in revision walk"));
+	if (!(commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING))
+		suggest_reattach(commit, &revs);
+	else
+		describe_detached_head(_("Previous HEAD position was"), commit);
+
+	clear_commit_marks(commit, -1);
+	for_each_ref(clear_commit_marks_from_one_ref, NULL);
+}
+
 static int switch_branches(struct checkout_opts *opts, struct branch_info *new)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
@@ -597,7 +727,7 @@
 		new->name = "HEAD";
 		new->commit = old.commit;
 		if (!new->commit)
-			die("You are on a branch yet to be born");
+			die(_("You are on a branch yet to be born"));
 		parse_commit(new->commit);
 	}
 
@@ -605,13 +735,8 @@
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
-	/*
-	 * If we were on a detached HEAD, but have now moved to
-	 * a new commit, we want to mention the old commit once more
-	 * to remind the user that it might be lost.
-	 */
 	if (!opts->quiet && !old.path && old.commit && new->commit != old.commit)
-		describe_detached_head("Previous HEAD position was", old.commit);
+		orphaned_commit_warning(old.commit);
 
 	update_refs_for_switch(opts, &old, new);
 
@@ -675,96 +800,18 @@
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+static int parse_branchname_arg(int argc, const char **argv,
+				int dwim_new_local_branch_ok,
+				struct branch_info *new,
+				struct tree **source_tree,
+				unsigned char rev[20],
+				const char **new_branch)
 {
-	struct checkout_opts opts;
-	unsigned char rev[20];
+	int argcount = 0;
+	unsigned char branch_rev[20];
 	const char *arg;
-	struct branch_info new;
-	struct tree *source_tree = NULL;
-	char *conflict_style = NULL;
-	int patch_mode = 0;
-	int dwim_new_local_branch = 1;
-	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT__QUIET(&opts.quiet),
-		OPT_STRING('b', NULL, &opts.new_branch, "branch",
-			   "create and checkout a new branch"),
-		OPT_STRING('B', NULL, &opts.new_branch_force, "branch",
-			   "create/reset and checkout a branch"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('l', NULL, &opts.new_branch_log, "create reflog for new branch"),
-		OPT_SET_INT('t', "track",  &opts.track, "set upstream info for new branch",
-			BRANCH_TRACK_EXPLICIT),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "orphan", &opts.new_orphan_branch, "new branch", "new unparented branch"),
-		OPT_SET_INT('2', "ours", &opts.writeout_stage, "checkout our version for unmerged files",
-			    2),
-		OPT_SET_INT('3', "theirs", &opts.writeout_stage, "checkout their version for unmerged files",
-			    3),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &opts.force, "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('m', "merge", &opts.merge, "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "conflict", &conflict_style, "style",
-			   "conflict style (merge or diff3)"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "patch", &patch_mode, "select hunks interactively"),
-		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "guess", &dwim_new_local_branch, NULL,
-		  "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'",
-		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
-		OPT_END(),
-	};
 	int has_dash_dash;
 
-	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
-	memset(&new, 0, sizeof(new));
-
-	gitmodules_config();
-	git_config(git_checkout_config, &opts);
-
-	opts.track = BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED;
-
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, checkout_usage,
-			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH);
-
-	/* we can assume from now on new_branch = !new_branch_force */
-	if (opts.new_branch && opts.new_branch_force)
-		die("-B cannot be used with -b");
-
-	/* copy -B over to -b, so that we can just check the latter */
-	if (opts.new_branch_force)
-		opts.new_branch = opts.new_branch_force;
-
-	if (patch_mode && (opts.track > 0 || opts.new_branch
-			   || opts.new_branch_log || opts.merge || opts.force))
-		die ("--patch is incompatible with all other options");
-
-	/* --track without -b should DWIM */
-	if (0 < opts.track && !opts.new_branch) {
-		const char *argv0 = argv[0];
-		if (!argc || !strcmp(argv0, "--"))
-			die ("--track needs a branch name");
-		if (!prefixcmp(argv0, "refs/"))
-			argv0 += 5;
-		if (!prefixcmp(argv0, "remotes/"))
-			argv0 += 8;
-		argv0 = strchr(argv0, '/');
-		if (!argv0 || !argv0[1])
-			die ("Missing branch name; try -b");
-		opts.new_branch = argv0 + 1;
-	}
-
-	if (opts.new_orphan_branch) {
-		if (opts.new_branch)
-			die("--orphan and -b|-B are mutually exclusive");
-		if (opts.track > 0)
-			die("--orphan cannot be used with -t");
-		opts.new_branch = opts.new_orphan_branch;
-	}
-
-	if (conflict_style) {
-		opts.merge = 1; /* implied */
-		git_xmerge_config("merge.conflictstyle", conflict_style, NULL);
-	}
-
-	if (opts.force && opts.merge)
-		die("git checkout: -f and -m are incompatible");
-
 	/*
 	 * case 1: git checkout <ref> -- [<paths>]
 	 *
@@ -786,7 +833,7 @@
 	 *   With no paths, if <something> is _not_ a commit, no -t nor -b
 	 *   was given, and there is a tracking branch whose name is
 	 *   <something> in one and only one remote, then this is a short-hand
-	 *   to fork local <something> from that remote tracking branch.
+	 *   to fork local <something> from that remote-tracking branch.
 	 *
 	 *   Otherwise <something> shall not be ambiguous.
 	 *   - If it's *only* a reference, treat it like case (1).
@@ -794,76 +841,197 @@
 	 *   - else: fail.
 	 *
 	 */
-	if (argc) {
-		if (!strcmp(argv[0], "--")) {       /* case (2) */
-			argv++;
-			argc--;
-			goto no_reference;
-		}
+	if (!argc)
+		return 0;
 
-		arg = argv[0];
-		has_dash_dash = (argc > 1) && !strcmp(argv[1], "--");
+	if (!strcmp(argv[0], "--"))	/* case (2) */
+		return 1;
 
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-"))
-			arg = "@{-1}";
+	arg = argv[0];
+	has_dash_dash = (argc > 1) && !strcmp(argv[1], "--");
 
-		if (get_sha1_mb(arg, rev)) {
-			if (has_dash_dash)          /* case (1) */
-				die("invalid reference: %s", arg);
-			if (!patch_mode &&
-			    dwim_new_local_branch &&
-			    opts.track == BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED &&
-			    !opts.new_branch &&
-			    !check_filename(NULL, arg) &&
-			    argc == 1) {
-				const char *remote = unique_tracking_name(arg);
-				if (!remote || get_sha1(remote, rev))
-					goto no_reference;
-				opts.new_branch = arg;
-				arg = remote;
-				/* DWIMmed to create local branch */
-			}
-			else
-				goto no_reference;
-		}
+	if (!strcmp(arg, "-"))
+		arg = "@{-1}";
 
-		/* we can't end up being in (2) anymore, eat the argument */
-		argv++;
-		argc--;
-
-		new.name = arg;
-		if ((new.commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(rev, 1))) {
-			setup_branch_path(&new);
-
-			if ((check_ref_format(new.path) == CHECK_REF_FORMAT_OK) &&
-			    resolve_ref(new.path, rev, 1, NULL))
-				;
-			else
-				new.path = NULL;
-			parse_commit(new.commit);
-			source_tree = new.commit->tree;
-		} else
-			source_tree = parse_tree_indirect(rev);
-
-		if (!source_tree)                   /* case (1): want a tree */
-			die("reference is not a tree: %s", arg);
-		if (!has_dash_dash) {/* case (3 -> 1) */
-			/*
-			 * Do not complain the most common case
-			 *	git checkout branch
-			 * even if there happen to be a file called 'branch';
-			 * it would be extremely annoying.
-			 */
-			if (argc)
-				verify_non_filename(NULL, arg);
-		}
-		else {
-			argv++;
-			argc--;
+	if (get_sha1_mb(arg, rev)) {
+		if (has_dash_dash)          /* case (1) */
+			die(_("invalid reference: %s"), arg);
+		if (dwim_new_local_branch_ok &&
+		    !check_filename(NULL, arg) &&
+		    argc == 1) {
+			const char *remote = unique_tracking_name(arg);
+			if (!remote || get_sha1(remote, rev))
+				return argcount;
+			*new_branch = arg;
+			arg = remote;
+			/* DWIMmed to create local branch */
+		} else {
+			return argcount;
 		}
 	}
 
-no_reference:
+	/* we can't end up being in (2) anymore, eat the argument */
+	argcount++;
+	argv++;
+	argc--;
+
+	new->name = arg;
+	setup_branch_path(new);
+
+	if (check_ref_format(new->path) == CHECK_REF_FORMAT_OK &&
+	    resolve_ref(new->path, branch_rev, 1, NULL))
+		hashcpy(rev, branch_rev);
+	else
+		new->path = NULL; /* not an existing branch */
+
+	new->commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(rev, 1);
+	if (!new->commit) {
+		/* not a commit */
+		*source_tree = parse_tree_indirect(rev);
+	} else {
+		parse_commit(new->commit);
+		*source_tree = new->commit->tree;
+	}
+
+	if (!*source_tree)                   /* case (1): want a tree */
+		die(_("reference is not a tree: %s"), arg);
+	if (!has_dash_dash) {/* case (3 -> 1) */
+		/*
+		 * Do not complain the most common case
+		 *	git checkout branch
+		 * even if there happen to be a file called 'branch';
+		 * it would be extremely annoying.
+		 */
+		if (argc)
+			verify_non_filename(NULL, arg);
+	} else {
+		argcount++;
+		argv++;
+		argc--;
+	}
+
+	return argcount;
+}
+
+int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct checkout_opts opts;
+	unsigned char rev[20];
+	struct branch_info new;
+	struct tree *source_tree = NULL;
+	char *conflict_style = NULL;
+	int patch_mode = 0;
+	int dwim_new_local_branch = 1;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT__QUIET(&opts.quiet, "suppress progress reporting"),
+		OPT_STRING('b', NULL, &opts.new_branch, "branch",
+			   "create and checkout a new branch"),
+		OPT_STRING('B', NULL, &opts.new_branch_force, "branch",
+			   "create/reset and checkout a branch"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('l', NULL, &opts.new_branch_log, "create reflog for new branch"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "detach", &opts.force_detach, "detach the HEAD at named commit"),
+		OPT_SET_INT('t', "track",  &opts.track, "set upstream info for new branch",
+			BRANCH_TRACK_EXPLICIT),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "orphan", &opts.new_orphan_branch, "new branch", "new unparented branch"),
+		OPT_SET_INT('2', "ours", &opts.writeout_stage, "checkout our version for unmerged files",
+			    2),
+		OPT_SET_INT('3', "theirs", &opts.writeout_stage, "checkout their version for unmerged files",
+			    3),
+		OPT__FORCE(&opts.force, "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('m', "merge", &opts.merge, "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "conflict", &conflict_style, "style",
+			   "conflict style (merge or diff3)"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "patch", &patch_mode, "select hunks interactively"),
+		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "guess", &dwim_new_local_branch, NULL,
+		  "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'",
+		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
+
+	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
+	memset(&new, 0, sizeof(new));
+
+	gitmodules_config();
+	git_config(git_checkout_config, &opts);
+
+	opts.track = BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED;
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, checkout_usage,
+			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH);
+
+	/* we can assume from now on new_branch = !new_branch_force */
+	if (opts.new_branch && opts.new_branch_force)
+		die(_("-B cannot be used with -b"));
+
+	/* copy -B over to -b, so that we can just check the latter */
+	if (opts.new_branch_force)
+		opts.new_branch = opts.new_branch_force;
+
+	if (patch_mode && (opts.track > 0 || opts.new_branch
+			   || opts.new_branch_log || opts.merge || opts.force
+			   || opts.force_detach))
+		die (_("--patch is incompatible with all other options"));
+
+	if (opts.force_detach && (opts.new_branch || opts.new_orphan_branch))
+		die(_("--detach cannot be used with -b/-B/--orphan"));
+	if (opts.force_detach && 0 < opts.track)
+		die(_("--detach cannot be used with -t"));
+
+	/* --track without -b should DWIM */
+	if (0 < opts.track && !opts.new_branch) {
+		const char *argv0 = argv[0];
+		if (!argc || !strcmp(argv0, "--"))
+			die (_("--track needs a branch name"));
+		if (!prefixcmp(argv0, "refs/"))
+			argv0 += 5;
+		if (!prefixcmp(argv0, "remotes/"))
+			argv0 += 8;
+		argv0 = strchr(argv0, '/');
+		if (!argv0 || !argv0[1])
+			die (_("Missing branch name; try -b"));
+		opts.new_branch = argv0 + 1;
+	}
+
+	if (opts.new_orphan_branch) {
+		if (opts.new_branch)
+			die(_("--orphan and -b|-B are mutually exclusive"));
+		if (opts.track > 0)
+			die(_("--orphan cannot be used with -t"));
+		opts.new_branch = opts.new_orphan_branch;
+	}
+
+	if (conflict_style) {
+		opts.merge = 1; /* implied */
+		git_xmerge_config("merge.conflictstyle", conflict_style, NULL);
+	}
+
+	if (opts.force && opts.merge)
+		die(_("git checkout: -f and -m are incompatible"));
+
+	/*
+	 * Extract branch name from command line arguments, so
+	 * all that is left is pathspecs.
+	 *
+	 * Handle
+	 *
+	 *  1) git checkout <tree> -- [<paths>]
+	 *  2) git checkout -- [<paths>]
+	 *  3) git checkout <something> [<paths>]
+	 *
+	 * including "last branch" syntax and DWIM-ery for names of
+	 * remote branches, erroring out for invalid or ambiguous cases.
+	 */
+	if (argc) {
+		int dwim_ok =
+			!patch_mode &&
+			dwim_new_local_branch &&
+			opts.track == BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED &&
+			!opts.new_branch;
+		int n = parse_branchname_arg(argc, argv, dwim_ok,
+				&new, &source_tree, rev, &opts.new_branch);
+		argv += n;
+		argc -= n;
+	}
 
 	if (opts.track == BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED)
 		opts.track = git_branch_track;
@@ -872,7 +1040,7 @@
 		const char **pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
 
 		if (!pathspec)
-			die("invalid path specification");
+			die(_("invalid path specification"));
 
 		if (patch_mode)
 			return interactive_checkout(new.name, pathspec, &opts);
@@ -880,14 +1048,17 @@
 		/* Checkout paths */
 		if (opts.new_branch) {
 			if (argc == 1) {
-				die("git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches.\nDid you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?", argv[0]);
+				die(_("git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches.\nDid you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"), argv[0]);
 			} else {
-				die("git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches.");
+				die(_("git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches."));
 			}
 		}
 
+		if (opts.force_detach)
+			die(_("git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument"));
+
 		if (1 < !!opts.writeout_stage + !!opts.force + !!opts.merge)
-			die("git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\nchecking out of the index.");
+			die(_("git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\nchecking out of the index."));
 
 		return checkout_paths(source_tree, pathspec, &opts);
 	}
@@ -898,22 +1069,22 @@
 	if (opts.new_branch) {
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 		if (strbuf_check_branch_ref(&buf, opts.new_branch))
-			die("git checkout: we do not like '%s' as a branch name.",
+			die(_("git checkout: we do not like '%s' as a branch name."),
 			    opts.new_branch);
 		if (!get_sha1(buf.buf, rev)) {
 			opts.branch_exists = 1;
 			if (!opts.new_branch_force)
-				die("git checkout: branch %s already exists",
+				die(_("git checkout: branch %s already exists"),
 				    opts.new_branch);
 		}
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 	}
 
 	if (new.name && !new.commit) {
-		die("Cannot switch branch to a non-commit.");
+		die(_("Cannot switch branch to a non-commit."));
 	}
 	if (opts.writeout_stage)
-		die("--ours/--theirs is incompatible with switching branches.");
+		die(_("--ours/--theirs is incompatible with switching branches."));
 
 	return switch_branches(&opts, &new);
 }
diff --git a/builtin/clean.c b/builtin/clean.c
index c8798f5..75697f7 100644
--- a/builtin/clean.c
+++ b/builtin/clean.c
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 {
 	int i;
 	int show_only = 0, remove_directories = 0, quiet = 0, ignored = 0;
-	int ignored_only = 0, baselen = 0, config_set = 0, errors = 0;
+	int ignored_only = 0, config_set = 0, errors = 0;
 	int rm_flags = REMOVE_DIR_KEEP_NESTED_GIT;
 	struct strbuf directory = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct dir_struct dir;
@@ -48,9 +48,9 @@
 	const char *qname;
 	char *seen = NULL;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT__QUIET(&quiet),
-		OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &force, "force"),
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, "do not print names of files removed"),
+		OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only, "dry run"),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force, "force"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('d', NULL, &remove_directories,
 				"remove whole directories"),
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'e', "exclude", &exclude_list, "pattern",
@@ -75,11 +75,16 @@
 		dir.flags |= DIR_SHOW_IGNORED;
 
 	if (ignored && ignored_only)
-		die("-x and -X cannot be used together");
+		die(_("-x and -X cannot be used together"));
 
-	if (!show_only && !force)
-		die("clean.requireForce %s to true and neither -n nor -f given; "
-		    "refusing to clean", config_set ? "set" : "defaults");
+	if (!show_only && !force) {
+		if (config_set)
+			die(_("clean.requireForce set to true and neither -n nor -f given; "
+				  "refusing to clean"));
+		else
+			die(_("clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -n nor -f given; "
+				  "refusing to clean"));
+	}
 
 	if (force > 1)
 		rm_flags = 0;
@@ -87,7 +92,7 @@
 	dir.flags |= DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES;
 
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		die("index file corrupt");
+		die(_("index file corrupt"));
 
 	if (!ignored)
 		setup_standard_excludes(&dir);
@@ -138,7 +143,7 @@
 		if (pathspec) {
 			memset(seen, 0, argc > 0 ? argc : 1);
 			matches = match_pathspec(pathspec, ent->name, len,
-						 baselen, seen);
+						 0, seen);
 		}
 
 		if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
@@ -146,20 +151,20 @@
 			qname = quote_path_relative(directory.buf, directory.len, &buf, prefix);
 			if (show_only && (remove_directories ||
 			    (matches == MATCHED_EXACTLY))) {
-				printf("Would remove %s\n", qname);
+				printf(_("Would remove %s\n"), qname);
 			} else if (remove_directories ||
 				   (matches == MATCHED_EXACTLY)) {
 				if (!quiet)
-					printf("Removing %s\n", qname);
+					printf(_("Removing %s\n"), qname);
 				if (remove_dir_recursively(&directory,
 							   rm_flags) != 0) {
-					warning("failed to remove '%s'", qname);
+					warning(_("failed to remove %s"), qname);
 					errors++;
 				}
 			} else if (show_only) {
-				printf("Would not remove %s\n", qname);
+				printf(_("Would not remove %s\n"), qname);
 			} else {
-				printf("Not removing %s\n", qname);
+				printf(_("Not removing %s\n"), qname);
 			}
 			strbuf_reset(&directory);
 		} else {
@@ -167,13 +172,13 @@
 				continue;
 			qname = quote_path_relative(ent->name, -1, &buf, prefix);
 			if (show_only) {
-				printf("Would remove %s\n", qname);
+				printf(_("Would remove %s\n"), qname);
 				continue;
 			} else if (!quiet) {
-				printf("Removing %s\n", qname);
+				printf(_("Removing %s\n"), qname);
 			}
 			if (unlink(ent->name) != 0) {
-				warning("failed to remove '%s'", qname);
+				warning(_("failed to remove %s"), qname);
 				errors++;
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/builtin/clone.c b/builtin/clone.c
index 19ed640..f579794 100644
--- a/builtin/clone.c
+++ b/builtin/clone.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  * Clone a repository into a different directory that does not yet exist.
  */
 
-#include "cache.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "fetch-pack.h"
 #include "refs.h"
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
 static char *option_template, *option_reference, *option_depth;
 static char *option_origin = NULL;
 static char *option_branch = NULL;
+static const char *real_git_dir;
 static char *option_upload_pack = "git-upload-pack";
 static int option_verbosity;
 static int option_progress;
@@ -66,8 +67,10 @@
 		    "setup as shared repository"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "recursive", &option_recursive,
 		    "initialize submodules in the clone"),
-	OPT_STRING(0, "template", &option_template, "path",
-		   "path the template repository"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "recurse-submodules", &option_recursive,
+		    "initialize submodules in the clone"),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "template", &option_template, "template-directory",
+		   "directory from which templates will be used"),
 	OPT_STRING(0, "reference", &option_reference, "repo",
 		   "reference repository"),
 	OPT_STRING('o', "origin", &option_origin, "branch",
@@ -78,6 +81,8 @@
 		   "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"),
 	OPT_STRING(0, "depth", &option_depth, "depth",
 		    "create a shallow clone of that depth"),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "separate-git-dir", &real_git_dir, "gitdir",
+		   "separate git dir from working tree"),
 
 	OPT_END()
 };
@@ -98,7 +103,7 @@
 		path = mkpath("%s%s", repo, suffix[i]);
 		if (is_directory(path)) {
 			*is_bundle = 0;
-			return xstrdup(make_nonrelative_path(path));
+			return xstrdup(absolute_path(path));
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -107,7 +112,7 @@
 		path = mkpath("%s%s", repo, bundle_suffix[i]);
 		if (!stat(path, &st) && S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
 			*is_bundle = 1;
-			return xstrdup(make_nonrelative_path(path));
+			return xstrdup(absolute_path(path));
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -201,12 +206,12 @@
 	struct transport *transport;
 	const struct ref *extra;
 
-	ref_git = make_absolute_path(option_reference);
+	ref_git = real_path(option_reference);
 
 	if (is_directory(mkpath("%s/.git/objects", ref_git)))
 		ref_git = mkpath("%s/.git", ref_git);
 	else if (!is_directory(mkpath("%s/objects", ref_git)))
-		die("reference repository '%s' is not a local directory.",
+		die(_("reference repository '%s' is not a local directory."),
 		    option_reference);
 
 	ref_git_copy = xstrdup(ref_git);
@@ -233,15 +238,15 @@
 
 	dir = opendir(src->buf);
 	if (!dir)
-		die_errno("failed to open '%s'", src->buf);
+		die_errno(_("failed to open '%s'"), src->buf);
 
 	if (mkdir(dest->buf, 0777)) {
 		if (errno != EEXIST)
-			die_errno("failed to create directory '%s'", dest->buf);
+			die_errno(_("failed to create directory '%s'"), dest->buf);
 		else if (stat(dest->buf, &buf))
-			die_errno("failed to stat '%s'", dest->buf);
+			die_errno(_("failed to stat '%s'"), dest->buf);
 		else if (!S_ISDIR(buf.st_mode))
-			die("%s exists and is not a directory", dest->buf);
+			die(_("%s exists and is not a directory"), dest->buf);
 	}
 
 	strbuf_addch(src, '/');
@@ -255,7 +260,7 @@
 		strbuf_setlen(dest, dest_len);
 		strbuf_addstr(dest, de->d_name);
 		if (stat(src->buf, &buf)) {
-			warning ("failed to stat %s\n", src->buf);
+			warning (_("failed to stat %s\n"), src->buf);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (S_ISDIR(buf.st_mode)) {
@@ -265,16 +270,16 @@
 		}
 
 		if (unlink(dest->buf) && errno != ENOENT)
-			die_errno("failed to unlink '%s'", dest->buf);
+			die_errno(_("failed to unlink '%s'"), dest->buf);
 		if (!option_no_hardlinks) {
 			if (!link(src->buf, dest->buf))
 				continue;
 			if (option_local)
-				die_errno("failed to create link '%s'", dest->buf);
+				die_errno(_("failed to create link '%s'"), dest->buf);
 			option_no_hardlinks = 1;
 		}
 		if (copy_file_with_time(dest->buf, src->buf, 0666))
-			die_errno("failed to copy file to '%s'", dest->buf);
+			die_errno(_("failed to copy file to '%s'"), dest->buf);
 	}
 	closedir(dir);
 }
@@ -303,7 +308,7 @@
 	ret = transport_get_remote_refs(transport);
 	transport_disconnect(transport);
 	if (0 <= option_verbosity)
-		printf("done.\n");
+		printf(_("done.\n"));
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -381,15 +386,16 @@
 
 	junk_pid = getpid();
 
+	packet_trace_identity("clone");
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_clone_options,
 			     builtin_clone_usage, 0);
 
 	if (argc > 2)
-		usage_msg_opt("Too many arguments.",
+		usage_msg_opt(_("Too many arguments."),
 			builtin_clone_usage, builtin_clone_options);
 
 	if (argc == 0)
-		usage_msg_opt("You must specify a repository to clone.",
+		usage_msg_opt(_("You must specify a repository to clone."),
 			builtin_clone_usage, builtin_clone_options);
 
 	if (option_mirror)
@@ -397,7 +403,7 @@
 
 	if (option_bare) {
 		if (option_origin)
-			die("--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible.",
+			die(_("--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."),
 			    option_origin);
 		option_no_checkout = 1;
 	}
@@ -409,14 +415,14 @@
 
 	path = get_repo_path(repo_name, &is_bundle);
 	if (path)
-		repo = xstrdup(make_nonrelative_path(repo_name));
+		repo = xstrdup(absolute_path(repo_name));
 	else if (!strchr(repo_name, ':'))
-		repo = xstrdup(make_absolute_path(repo_name));
+		die(_("repository '%s' does not exist"), repo_name);
 	else
 		repo = repo_name;
 	is_local = path && !is_bundle;
 	if (is_local && option_depth)
-		warning("--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead.");
+		warning(_("--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."));
 
 	if (argc == 2)
 		dir = xstrdup(argv[1]);
@@ -426,8 +432,8 @@
 
 	dest_exists = !stat(dir, &buf);
 	if (dest_exists && !is_empty_dir(dir))
-		die("destination path '%s' already exists and is not "
-			"an empty directory.", dir);
+		die(_("destination path '%s' already exists and is not "
+			"an empty directory."), dir);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&reflog_msg, "clone: from %s", repo);
 
@@ -436,7 +442,7 @@
 	else {
 		work_tree = getenv("GIT_WORK_TREE");
 		if (work_tree && !stat(work_tree, &buf))
-			die("working tree '%s' already exists.", work_tree);
+			die(_("working tree '%s' already exists."), work_tree);
 	}
 
 	if (option_bare || work_tree)
@@ -449,10 +455,10 @@
 	if (!option_bare) {
 		junk_work_tree = work_tree;
 		if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(work_tree) < 0)
-			die_errno("could not create leading directories of '%s'",
+			die_errno(_("could not create leading directories of '%s'"),
 				  work_tree);
 		if (!dest_exists && mkdir(work_tree, 0755))
-			die_errno("could not create work tree dir '%s'.",
+			die_errno(_("could not create work tree dir '%s'."),
 				  work_tree);
 		set_git_work_tree(work_tree);
 	}
@@ -463,12 +469,18 @@
 	setenv(CONFIG_ENVIRONMENT, mkpath("%s/config", git_dir), 1);
 
 	if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(git_dir) < 0)
-		die("could not create leading directories of '%s'", git_dir);
-	set_git_dir(make_absolute_path(git_dir));
+		die(_("could not create leading directories of '%s'"), git_dir);
 
-	if (0 <= option_verbosity)
-		printf("Cloning into %s%s...\n",
-		       option_bare ? "bare repository " : "", dir);
+	set_git_dir_init(git_dir, real_git_dir, 0);
+	if (real_git_dir)
+		git_dir = real_git_dir;
+
+	if (0 <= option_verbosity) {
+		if (option_bare)
+			printf(_("Cloning into bare repository %s...\n"), dir);
+		else
+			printf(_("Cloning into %s...\n"), dir);
+	}
 	init_db(option_template, INIT_DB_QUIET);
 
 	/*
@@ -525,7 +537,7 @@
 		transport = transport_get(remote, remote->url[0]);
 
 		if (!transport->get_refs_list || !transport->fetch)
-			die("Don't know how to clone %s", transport->url);
+			die(_("Don't know how to clone %s"), transport->url);
 
 		transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_KEEP, "yes");
 
@@ -564,8 +576,8 @@
 			strbuf_release(&head);
 
 			if (!our_head_points_at) {
-				warning("Remote branch %s not found in "
-					"upstream %s, using HEAD instead",
+				warning(_("Remote branch %s not found in "
+					"upstream %s, using HEAD instead"),
 					option_branch, option_origin);
 				our_head_points_at = remote_head_points_at;
 			}
@@ -574,7 +586,7 @@
 			our_head_points_at = remote_head_points_at;
 	}
 	else {
-		warning("You appear to have cloned an empty repository.");
+		warning(_("You appear to have cloned an empty repository."));
 		our_head_points_at = NULL;
 		remote_head_points_at = NULL;
 		remote_head = NULL;
@@ -616,8 +628,8 @@
 	} else {
 		/* Nothing to checkout out */
 		if (!option_no_checkout)
-			warning("remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, "
-				"unable to checkout.\n");
+			warning(_("remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, "
+				"unable to checkout.\n"));
 		option_no_checkout = 1;
 	}
 
@@ -653,7 +665,7 @@
 
 		if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 		    commit_locked_index(lock_file))
-			die("unable to write new index file");
+			die(_("unable to write new index file"));
 
 		err |= run_hook(NULL, "post-checkout", sha1_to_hex(null_sha1),
 				sha1_to_hex(our_head_points_at->old_sha1), "1",
diff --git a/builtin/commit.c b/builtin/commit.c
index 66fdd22..67757e9 100644
--- a/builtin/commit.c
+++ b/builtin/commit.c
@@ -38,25 +38,33 @@
 };
 
 static const char implicit_ident_advice[] =
-"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+N_("Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
 "on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
 "You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
 "\n"
 "    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
 "    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
 "\n"
-"If the identity used for this commit is wrong, you can fix it with:\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
 "\n"
-"    git commit --amend --author='Your Name <you@example.com>'\n";
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n");
 
 static const char empty_amend_advice[] =
-"You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
+N_("You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
 "it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
-"remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n";
+"remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n");
+
+static const char empty_cherry_pick_advice[] =
+N_("The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
+"If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --allow-empty\n"
+"\n"
+"Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n");
 
 static unsigned char head_sha1[20];
 
-static char *use_message_buffer;
+static const char *use_message_buffer;
 static const char commit_editmsg[] = "COMMIT_EDITMSG";
 static struct lock_file index_lock; /* real index */
 static struct lock_file false_lock; /* used only for partial commits */
@@ -68,8 +76,13 @@
 
 static const char *logfile, *force_author;
 static const char *template_file;
+/*
+ * The _message variables are commit names from which to take
+ * the commit message and/or authorship.
+ */
+static const char *author_message, *author_message_buffer;
 static char *edit_message, *use_message;
-static char *author_name, *author_email, *author_date;
+static char *fixup_message, *squash_message;
 static int all, edit_flag, also, interactive, only, amend, signoff;
 static int quiet, verbose, no_verify, allow_empty, dry_run, renew_authorship;
 static int no_post_rewrite, allow_empty_message;
@@ -88,7 +101,8 @@
 } cleanup_mode;
 static char *cleanup_arg;
 
-static int use_editor = 1, initial_commit, in_merge, include_status = 1;
+static enum commit_whence whence;
+static int use_editor = 1, initial_commit, include_status = 1;
 static int show_ignored_in_status;
 static const char *only_include_assumed;
 static struct strbuf message;
@@ -114,16 +128,18 @@
 }
 
 static struct option builtin_commit_options[] = {
-	OPT__QUIET(&quiet),
-	OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
+	OPT__QUIET(&quiet, "suppress summary after successful commit"),
+	OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "show diff in commit message template"),
 
 	OPT_GROUP("Commit message options"),
-	OPT_FILENAME('F', "file", &logfile, "read log from file"),
-	OPT_STRING(0, "author", &force_author, "AUTHOR", "override author for commit"),
-	OPT_STRING(0, "date", &force_date, "DATE", "override date for commit"),
-	OPT_CALLBACK('m', "message", &message, "MESSAGE", "specify commit message", opt_parse_m),
-	OPT_STRING('c', "reedit-message", &edit_message, "COMMIT", "reuse and edit message from specified commit"),
-	OPT_STRING('C', "reuse-message", &use_message, "COMMIT", "reuse message from specified commit"),
+	OPT_FILENAME('F', "file", &logfile, "read message from file"),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "author", &force_author, "author", "override author for commit"),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "date", &force_date, "date", "override date for commit"),
+	OPT_CALLBACK('m', "message", &message, "message", "commit message", opt_parse_m),
+	OPT_STRING('c', "reedit-message", &edit_message, "commit", "reuse and edit message from specified commit"),
+	OPT_STRING('C', "reuse-message", &use_message, "commit", "reuse message from specified commit"),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "fixup", &fixup_message, "commit", "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "squash", &squash_message, "commit", "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "reset-author", &renew_authorship, "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C-c/--amend)"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "signoff", &signoff, "add Signed-off-by:"),
 	OPT_FILENAME('t', "template", &template_file, "use specified template file"),
@@ -143,12 +159,12 @@
 		    STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "branch", &status_show_branch, "show branch information"),
 	OPT_SET_INT(0, "porcelain", &status_format,
-		    "show porcelain output format", STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN),
+		    "machine-readable output", STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('z', "null", &null_termination,
 		    "terminate entries with NUL"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "amend", &amend, "amend previous commit"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "no-post-rewrite", &no_post_rewrite, "bypass post-rewrite hook"),
-	{ OPTION_STRING, 'u', "untracked-files", &untracked_files_arg, "mode", "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no (Default: all)", PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)"all" },
+	{ OPTION_STRING, 'u', "untracked-files", &untracked_files_arg, "mode", "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)", PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)"all" },
 	/* end commit contents options */
 
 	{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "allow-empty", &allow_empty, NULL,
@@ -161,6 +177,36 @@
 	OPT_END()
 };
 
+static void determine_whence(struct wt_status *s)
+{
+	if (file_exists(git_path("MERGE_HEAD")))
+		whence = FROM_MERGE;
+	else if (file_exists(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD")))
+		whence = FROM_CHERRY_PICK;
+	else
+		whence = FROM_COMMIT;
+	if (s)
+		s->whence = whence;
+}
+
+static const char *whence_s(void)
+{
+	char *s = "";
+
+	switch (whence) {
+	case FROM_COMMIT:
+		break;
+	case FROM_MERGE:
+		s = "merge";
+		break;
+	case FROM_CHERRY_PICK:
+		s = "cherry-pick";
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return s;
+}
+
 static void rollback_index_files(void)
 {
 	switch (commit_style) {
@@ -241,7 +287,7 @@
 
 		if (!lstat(p->string, &st)) {
 			if (add_to_cache(p->string, &st, 0))
-				die("updating files failed");
+				die(_("updating files failed"));
 		} else
 			remove_file_from_cache(p->string);
 	}
@@ -268,7 +314,7 @@
 	opts.fn = oneway_merge;
 	tree = parse_tree_indirect(head_sha1);
 	if (!tree)
-		die("failed to unpack HEAD tree object");
+		die(_("failed to unpack HEAD tree object"));
 	parse_tree(tree);
 	init_tree_desc(&t, tree->buffer, tree->size);
 	if (unpack_trees(1, &t, &opts))
@@ -296,9 +342,9 @@
 		refresh_flags |= REFRESH_UNMERGED;
 	if (interactive) {
 		if (interactive_add(argc, argv, prefix) != 0)
-			die("interactive add failed");
+			die(_("interactive add failed"));
 		if (read_cache_preload(NULL) < 0)
-			die("index file corrupt");
+			die(_("index file corrupt"));
 		commit_style = COMMIT_AS_IS;
 		return get_index_file();
 	}
@@ -307,7 +353,7 @@
 		pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
 
 	if (read_cache_preload(pathspec) < 0)
-		die("index file corrupt");
+		die(_("index file corrupt"));
 
 	/*
 	 * Non partial, non as-is commit.
@@ -327,7 +373,7 @@
 		refresh_cache_or_die(refresh_flags);
 		if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 		    close_lock_file(&index_lock))
-			die("unable to write new_index file");
+			die(_("unable to write new_index file"));
 		commit_style = COMMIT_NORMAL;
 		return index_lock.filename;
 	}
@@ -347,7 +393,7 @@
 		if (active_cache_changed) {
 			if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 			    commit_locked_index(&index_lock))
-				die("unable to write new_index file");
+				die(_("unable to write new_index file"));
 		} else {
 			rollback_lock_file(&index_lock);
 		}
@@ -376,8 +422,8 @@
 	 */
 	commit_style = COMMIT_PARTIAL;
 
-	if (in_merge)
-		die("cannot do a partial commit during a merge.");
+	if (whence != FROM_COMMIT)
+		die(_("cannot do a partial commit during a %s."), whence_s());
 
 	memset(&partial, 0, sizeof(partial));
 	partial.strdup_strings = 1;
@@ -386,14 +432,14 @@
 
 	discard_cache();
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		die("cannot read the index");
+		die(_("cannot read the index"));
 
 	fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
 	add_remove_files(&partial);
 	refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
 	if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 	    close_lock_file(&index_lock))
-		die("unable to write new_index file");
+		die(_("unable to write new_index file"));
 
 	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&false_lock,
 				       git_path("next-index-%"PRIuMAX,
@@ -406,7 +452,7 @@
 
 	if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 	    close_lock_file(&false_lock))
-		die("unable to write temporary index file");
+		die(_("unable to write temporary index file"));
 
 	discard_cache();
 	read_cache_from(false_lock.filename);
@@ -453,13 +499,13 @@
 {
 	struct commit *commit = lookup_commit(sha1);
 	if (!commit || parse_commit(commit))
-		die("could not parse HEAD commit");
+		die(_("could not parse HEAD commit"));
 	return !!(commit->parents && commit->parents->next);
 }
 
 static const char sign_off_header[] = "Signed-off-by: ";
 
-static void determine_author_info(void)
+static void determine_author_info(struct strbuf *author_ident)
 {
 	char *name, *email, *date;
 
@@ -467,18 +513,18 @@
 	email = getenv("GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL");
 	date = getenv("GIT_AUTHOR_DATE");
 
-	if (use_message && !renew_authorship) {
+	if (author_message) {
 		const char *a, *lb, *rb, *eol;
 
-		a = strstr(use_message_buffer, "\nauthor ");
+		a = strstr(author_message_buffer, "\nauthor ");
 		if (!a)
-			die("invalid commit: %s", use_message);
+			die(_("invalid commit: %s"), author_message);
 
 		lb = strchrnul(a + strlen("\nauthor "), '<');
 		rb = strchrnul(lb, '>');
 		eol = strchrnul(rb, '\n');
 		if (!*lb || !*rb || !*eol)
-			die("invalid commit: %s", use_message);
+			die(_("invalid commit: %s"), author_message);
 
 		if (lb == a + strlen("\nauthor "))
 			/* \nauthor <foo@example.com> */
@@ -496,17 +542,15 @@
 		const char *rb = strchr(force_author, '>');
 
 		if (!lb || !rb)
-			die("malformed --author parameter");
+			die(_("malformed --author parameter"));
 		name = xstrndup(force_author, lb - force_author);
 		email = xstrndup(lb + 2, rb - (lb + 2));
 	}
 
 	if (force_date)
 		date = force_date;
-
-	author_name = name;
-	author_email = email;
-	author_date = date;
+	strbuf_addstr(author_ident, fmt_ident(name, email, date,
+					      IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME));
 }
 
 static int ends_rfc2822_footer(struct strbuf *sb)
@@ -550,14 +594,24 @@
 	return 1;
 }
 
+static char *cut_ident_timestamp_part(char *string)
+{
+	char *ket = strrchr(string, '>');
+	if (!ket || ket[1] != ' ')
+		die(_("Malformed ident string: '%s'"), string);
+	*++ket = '\0';
+	return ket;
+}
+
 static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
-			     struct wt_status *s)
+			     struct wt_status *s,
+			     struct strbuf *author_ident)
 {
 	struct stat statbuf;
+	struct strbuf committer_ident = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int commitable, saved_color_setting;
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 	char *buffer;
-	FILE *fp;
 	const char *hook_arg1 = NULL;
 	const char *hook_arg2 = NULL;
 	int ident_shown = 0;
@@ -565,51 +619,94 @@
 	if (!no_verify && run_hook(index_file, "pre-commit", NULL))
 		return 0;
 
+	if (squash_message) {
+		/*
+		 * Insert the proper subject line before other commit
+		 * message options add their content.
+		 */
+		if (use_message && !strcmp(use_message, squash_message))
+			strbuf_addstr(&sb, "squash! ");
+		else {
+			struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
+			struct commit *c;
+			c = lookup_commit_reference_by_name(squash_message);
+			if (!c)
+				die(_("could not lookup commit %s"), squash_message);
+			ctx.output_encoding = get_commit_output_encoding();
+			format_commit_message(c, "squash! %s\n\n", &sb,
+					      &ctx);
+		}
+	}
+
 	if (message.len) {
 		strbuf_addbuf(&sb, &message);
 		hook_arg1 = "message";
 	} else if (logfile && !strcmp(logfile, "-")) {
 		if (isatty(0))
-			fprintf(stderr, "(reading log message from standard input)\n");
+			fprintf(stderr, _("(reading log message from standard input)\n"));
 		if (strbuf_read(&sb, 0, 0) < 0)
-			die_errno("could not read log from standard input");
+			die_errno(_("could not read log from standard input"));
 		hook_arg1 = "message";
 	} else if (logfile) {
 		if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, logfile, 0) < 0)
-			die_errno("could not read log file '%s'",
+			die_errno(_("could not read log file '%s'"),
 				  logfile);
 		hook_arg1 = "message";
 	} else if (use_message) {
 		buffer = strstr(use_message_buffer, "\n\n");
 		if (!buffer || buffer[2] == '\0')
-			die("commit has empty message");
+			die(_("commit has empty message"));
 		strbuf_add(&sb, buffer + 2, strlen(buffer + 2));
 		hook_arg1 = "commit";
 		hook_arg2 = use_message;
+	} else if (fixup_message) {
+		struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
+		struct commit *commit;
+		commit = lookup_commit_reference_by_name(fixup_message);
+		if (!commit)
+			die(_("could not lookup commit %s"), fixup_message);
+		ctx.output_encoding = get_commit_output_encoding();
+		format_commit_message(commit, "fixup! %s\n\n",
+				      &sb, &ctx);
+		hook_arg1 = "message";
 	} else if (!stat(git_path("MERGE_MSG"), &statbuf)) {
 		if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path("MERGE_MSG"), 0) < 0)
-			die_errno("could not read MERGE_MSG");
+			die_errno(_("could not read MERGE_MSG"));
 		hook_arg1 = "merge";
 	} else if (!stat(git_path("SQUASH_MSG"), &statbuf)) {
 		if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path("SQUASH_MSG"), 0) < 0)
-			die_errno("could not read SQUASH_MSG");
+			die_errno(_("could not read SQUASH_MSG"));
 		hook_arg1 = "squash";
-	} else if (template_file && !stat(template_file, &statbuf)) {
+	} else if (template_file) {
 		if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, template_file, 0) < 0)
-			die_errno("could not read '%s'", template_file);
+			die_errno(_("could not read '%s'"), template_file);
 		hook_arg1 = "template";
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * This final case does not modify the template message,
-	 * it just sets the argument to the prepare-commit-msg hook.
+	 * The remaining cases don't modify the template message, but
+	 * just set the argument(s) to the prepare-commit-msg hook.
 	 */
-	else if (in_merge)
+	else if (whence == FROM_MERGE)
 		hook_arg1 = "merge";
+	else if (whence == FROM_CHERRY_PICK) {
+		hook_arg1 = "commit";
+		hook_arg2 = "CHERRY_PICK_HEAD";
+	}
 
-	fp = fopen(git_path(commit_editmsg), "w");
-	if (fp == NULL)
-		die_errno("could not open '%s'", git_path(commit_editmsg));
+	if (squash_message) {
+		/*
+		 * If squash_commit was used for the commit subject,
+		 * then we're possibly hijacking other commit log options.
+		 * Reset the hook args to tell the real story.
+		 */
+		hook_arg1 = "message";
+		hook_arg2 = "";
+	}
+
+	s->fp = fopen(git_path(commit_editmsg), "w");
+	if (s->fp == NULL)
+		die_errno(_("could not open '%s'"), git_path(commit_editmsg));
 
 	if (cleanup_mode != CLEANUP_NONE)
 		stripspace(&sb, 0);
@@ -632,77 +729,81 @@
 		strbuf_release(&sob);
 	}
 
-	if (fwrite(sb.buf, 1, sb.len, fp) < sb.len)
-		die_errno("could not write commit template");
+	if (fwrite(sb.buf, 1, sb.len, s->fp) < sb.len)
+		die_errno(_("could not write commit template"));
 
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
 
-	determine_author_info();
+	/* This checks and barfs if author is badly specified */
+	determine_author_info(author_ident);
 
 	/* This checks if committer ident is explicitly given */
-	git_committer_info(0);
+	strbuf_addstr(&committer_ident, git_committer_info(0));
 	if (use_editor && include_status) {
-		char *author_ident;
-		const char *committer_ident;
+		char *ai_tmp, *ci_tmp;
+		if (whence != FROM_COMMIT)
+			status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
+				_("\n"
+				"It looks like you may be committing a %s.\n"
+				"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+				"	%s\n"
+				"and try again.\n"
+				""),
+				whence_s(),
+				git_path(whence == FROM_MERGE
+					 ? "MERGE_HEAD"
+					 : "CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"));
 
-		if (in_merge)
-			fprintf(fp,
-				"#\n"
-				"# It looks like you may be committing a MERGE.\n"
-				"# If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
-				"#	%s\n"
-				"# and try again.\n"
-				"#\n",
-				git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
-
-		fprintf(fp,
-			"\n"
-			"# Please enter the commit message for your changes.");
+		fprintf(s->fp, "\n");
+		status_printf(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
+			_("Please enter the commit message for your changes."));
 		if (cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL)
-			fprintf(fp,
-				" Lines starting\n"
-				"# with '#' will be ignored, and an empty"
-				" message aborts the commit.\n");
+			status_printf_more(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
+				_(" Lines starting\n"
+				"with '#' will be ignored, and an empty"
+				" message aborts the commit.\n"));
 		else /* CLEANUP_SPACE, that is. */
-			fprintf(fp,
-				" Lines starting\n"
-				"# with '#' will be kept; you may remove them"
+			status_printf_more(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
+				_(" Lines starting\n"
+				"with '#' will be kept; you may remove them"
 				" yourself if you want to.\n"
-				"# An empty message aborts the commit.\n");
+				"An empty message aborts the commit.\n"));
 		if (only_include_assumed)
-			fprintf(fp, "# %s\n", only_include_assumed);
+			status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
+					"%s", only_include_assumed);
 
-		author_ident = xstrdup(fmt_name(author_name, author_email));
-		committer_ident = fmt_name(getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_NAME"),
-					   getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL"));
-		if (strcmp(author_ident, committer_ident))
-			fprintf(fp,
-				"%s"
-				"# Author:    %s\n",
-				ident_shown++ ? "" : "#\n",
-				author_ident);
-		free(author_ident);
+		ai_tmp = cut_ident_timestamp_part(author_ident->buf);
+		ci_tmp = cut_ident_timestamp_part(committer_ident.buf);
+		if (strcmp(author_ident->buf, committer_ident.buf))
+			status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
+				_("%s"
+				"Author:    %s"),
+				ident_shown++ ? "" : "\n",
+				author_ident->buf);
 
 		if (!user_ident_sufficiently_given())
-			fprintf(fp,
-				"%s"
-				"# Committer: %s\n",
-				ident_shown++ ? "" : "#\n",
-				committer_ident);
+			status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
+				_("%s"
+				"Committer: %s"),
+				ident_shown++ ? "" : "\n",
+				committer_ident.buf);
 
 		if (ident_shown)
-			fprintf(fp, "#\n");
+			status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL, "");
 
 		saved_color_setting = s->use_color;
 		s->use_color = 0;
-		commitable = run_status(fp, index_file, prefix, 1, s);
+		commitable = run_status(s->fp, index_file, prefix, 1, s);
 		s->use_color = saved_color_setting;
+
+		*ai_tmp = ' ';
+		*ci_tmp = ' ';
 	} else {
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 		const char *parent = "HEAD";
 
 		if (!active_nr && read_cache() < 0)
-			die("Cannot read index");
+			die(_("Cannot read index"));
 
 		if (amend)
 			parent = "HEAD^1";
@@ -712,14 +813,22 @@
 		else
 			commitable = index_differs_from(parent, 0);
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&committer_ident);
 
-	fclose(fp);
+	fclose(s->fp);
 
-	if (!commitable && !in_merge && !allow_empty &&
+	/*
+	 * Reject an attempt to record a non-merge empty commit without
+	 * explicit --allow-empty. In the cherry-pick case, it may be
+	 * empty due to conflict resolution, which the user should okay.
+	 */
+	if (!commitable && whence != FROM_MERGE && !allow_empty &&
 	    !(amend && is_a_merge(head_sha1))) {
 		run_status(stdout, index_file, prefix, 0, s);
 		if (amend)
-			fputs(empty_amend_advice, stderr);
+			fputs(_(empty_amend_advice), stderr);
+		else if (whence == FROM_CHERRY_PICK)
+			fputs(_(empty_cherry_pick_advice), stderr);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -734,7 +843,7 @@
 		active_cache_tree = cache_tree();
 	if (cache_tree_update(active_cache_tree,
 			      active_cache, active_nr, 0, 0) < 0) {
-		error("Error building trees");
+		error(_("Error building trees"));
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -749,7 +858,7 @@
 		snprintf(index, sizeof(index), "GIT_INDEX_FILE=%s", index_file);
 		if (launch_editor(git_path(commit_editmsg), NULL, env)) {
 			fprintf(stderr,
-			"Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n");
+			_("Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"));
 			exit(1);
 		}
 	}
@@ -829,7 +938,7 @@
 		format_commit_message(commit, "%an <%ae>", &buf, &ctx);
 		return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 	}
-	die("No existing author found with '%s'", name);
+	die(_("No existing author found with '%s'"), name);
 }
 
 
@@ -844,7 +953,29 @@
 	else if (!strcmp(untracked_files_arg, "all"))
 		s->show_untracked_files = SHOW_ALL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
 	else
-		die("Invalid untracked files mode '%s'", untracked_files_arg);
+		die(_("Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"), untracked_files_arg);
+}
+
+static const char *read_commit_message(const char *name)
+{
+	const char *out_enc, *out;
+	struct commit *commit;
+
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference_by_name(name);
+	if (!commit)
+		die(_("could not lookup commit %s"), name);
+	out_enc = get_commit_output_encoding();
+	out = logmsg_reencode(commit, out_enc);
+
+	/*
+	 * If we failed to reencode the buffer, just copy it
+	 * byte for byte so the user can try to fix it up.
+	 * This also handles the case where input and output
+	 * encodings are identical.
+	 */
+	if (out == NULL)
+		out = xstrdup(commit->buffer);
+	return out;
 }
 
 static int parse_and_validate_options(int argc, const char *argv[],
@@ -861,9 +992,9 @@
 		force_author = find_author_by_nickname(force_author);
 
 	if (force_author && renew_authorship)
-		die("Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense");
+		die(_("Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"));
 
-	if (logfile || message.len || use_message)
+	if (logfile || message.len || use_message || fixup_message)
 		use_editor = 0;
 	if (edit_flag)
 		use_editor = 1;
@@ -875,72 +1006,49 @@
 
 	/* Sanity check options */
 	if (amend && initial_commit)
-		die("You have nothing to amend.");
-	if (amend && in_merge)
-		die("You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend.");
-
+		die(_("You have nothing to amend."));
+	if (amend && whence != FROM_COMMIT)
+		die(_("You are in the middle of a %s -- cannot amend."), whence_s());
+	if (fixup_message && squash_message)
+		die(_("Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"));
 	if (use_message)
 		f++;
 	if (edit_message)
 		f++;
+	if (fixup_message)
+		f++;
 	if (logfile)
 		f++;
 	if (f > 1)
-		die("Only one of -c/-C/-F can be used.");
+		die(_("Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."));
 	if (message.len && f > 0)
-		die("Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F.");
+		die((_("Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup.")));
 	if (edit_message)
 		use_message = edit_message;
-	if (amend && !use_message)
+	if (amend && !use_message && !fixup_message)
 		use_message = "HEAD";
-	if (!use_message && renew_authorship)
-		die("--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend.");
+	if (!use_message && whence != FROM_CHERRY_PICK && renew_authorship)
+		die(_("--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."));
 	if (use_message) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		static char utf8[] = "UTF-8";
-		const char *out_enc;
-		char *enc, *end;
-		struct commit *commit;
-
-		if (get_sha1(use_message, sha1))
-			die("could not lookup commit %s", use_message);
-		commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
-		if (!commit || parse_commit(commit))
-			die("could not parse commit %s", use_message);
-
-		enc = strstr(commit->buffer, "\nencoding");
-		if (enc) {
-			end = strchr(enc + 10, '\n');
-			enc = xstrndup(enc + 10, end - (enc + 10));
-		} else {
-			enc = utf8;
+		use_message_buffer = read_commit_message(use_message);
+		if (!renew_authorship) {
+			author_message = use_message;
+			author_message_buffer = use_message_buffer;
 		}
-		out_enc = git_commit_encoding ? git_commit_encoding : utf8;
-
-		if (strcmp(out_enc, enc))
-			use_message_buffer =
-				reencode_string(commit->buffer, out_enc, enc);
-
-		/*
-		 * If we failed to reencode the buffer, just copy it
-		 * byte for byte so the user can try to fix it up.
-		 * This also handles the case where input and output
-		 * encodings are identical.
-		 */
-		if (use_message_buffer == NULL)
-			use_message_buffer = xstrdup(commit->buffer);
-		if (enc != utf8)
-			free(enc);
+	}
+	if (whence == FROM_CHERRY_PICK && !renew_authorship) {
+		author_message = "CHERRY_PICK_HEAD";
+		author_message_buffer = read_commit_message(author_message);
 	}
 
 	if (!!also + !!only + !!all + !!interactive > 1)
-		die("Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive can be used.");
+		die(_("Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive can be used."));
 	if (argc == 0 && (also || (only && !amend)))
-		die("No paths with --include/--only does not make sense.");
+		die(_("No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."));
 	if (argc == 0 && only && amend)
-		only_include_assumed = "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index.";
+		only_include_assumed = _("Clever... amending the last one with dirty index.");
 	if (argc > 0 && !also && !only)
-		only_include_assumed = "Explicit paths specified without -i nor -o; assuming --only paths...";
+		only_include_assumed = _("Explicit paths specified without -i nor -o; assuming --only paths...");
 	if (!cleanup_arg || !strcmp(cleanup_arg, "default"))
 		cleanup_mode = use_editor ? CLEANUP_ALL : CLEANUP_SPACE;
 	else if (!strcmp(cleanup_arg, "verbatim"))
@@ -950,14 +1058,14 @@
 	else if (!strcmp(cleanup_arg, "strip"))
 		cleanup_mode = CLEANUP_ALL;
 	else
-		die("Invalid cleanup mode %s", cleanup_arg);
+		die(_("Invalid cleanup mode %s"), cleanup_arg);
 
 	handle_untracked_files_arg(s);
 
 	if (all && argc > 0)
-		die("Paths with -a does not make sense.");
+		die(_("Paths with -a does not make sense."));
 	else if (interactive && argc > 0)
-		die("Paths with --interactive does not make sense.");
+		die(_("Paths with --interactive does not make sense."));
 
 	if (null_termination && status_format == STATUS_FORMAT_LONG)
 		status_format = STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN;
@@ -984,6 +1092,8 @@
 {
 	if (!strcasecmp(var+offset, "header"))
 		return WT_STATUS_HEADER;
+	if (!strcasecmp(var+offset, "branch"))
+		return WT_STATUS_ONBRANCH;
 	if (!strcasecmp(var+offset, "updated")
 		|| !strcasecmp(var+offset, "added"))
 		return WT_STATUS_UPDATED;
@@ -1036,7 +1146,7 @@
 		else if (!strcmp(v, "all"))
 			s->show_untracked_files = SHOW_ALL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
 		else
-			return error("Invalid untracked files mode '%s'", v);
+			return error(_("Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"), v);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	return git_diff_ui_config(k, v, NULL);
@@ -1048,13 +1158,13 @@
 	int fd;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	static struct option builtin_status_options[] = {
-		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "be verbose"),
 		OPT_SET_INT('s', "short", &status_format,
 			    "show status concisely", STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('b', "branch", &status_show_branch,
 			    "show branch information"),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "porcelain", &status_format,
-			    "show porcelain output format",
+			    "machine-readable output",
 			    STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('z', "null", &null_termination,
 			    "terminate entries with NUL"),
@@ -1070,13 +1180,16 @@
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage_with_options(builtin_status_usage, builtin_status_options);
+
 	if (null_termination && status_format == STATUS_FORMAT_LONG)
 		status_format = STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN;
 
 	wt_status_prepare(&s);
 	gitmodules_config();
 	git_config(git_status_config, &s);
-	in_merge = file_exists(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
+	determine_whence(&s);
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix,
 			     builtin_status_options,
 			     builtin_status_usage, 0);
@@ -1090,16 +1203,10 @@
 	refresh_index(&the_index, REFRESH_QUIET|REFRESH_UNMERGED, s.pathspec, NULL, NULL);
 
 	fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 0);
-	if (0 <= fd) {
-		if (active_cache_changed &&
-		    !write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr))
-			commit_locked_index(&index_lock);
-		else
-			rollback_lock_file(&index_lock);
-	}
+	if (0 <= fd)
+		update_index_if_able(&the_index, &index_lock);
 
 	s.is_initial = get_sha1(s.reference, sha1) ? 1 : 0;
-	s.in_merge = in_merge;
 	s.ignore_submodule_arg = ignore_submodule_arg;
 	wt_status_collect(&s);
 
@@ -1139,9 +1246,9 @@
 
 	commit = lookup_commit(sha1);
 	if (!commit)
-		die("couldn't look up newly created commit");
+		die(_("couldn't look up newly created commit"));
 	if (!commit || parse_commit(commit))
-		die("could not parse newly created commit");
+		die(_("could not parse newly created commit"));
 
 	strbuf_addstr(&format, "format:%h] %s");
 
@@ -1156,7 +1263,7 @@
 		strbuf_addbuf_percentquote(&format, &committer_ident);
 		if (advice_implicit_identity) {
 			strbuf_addch(&format, '\n');
-			strbuf_addstr(&format, implicit_ident_advice);
+			strbuf_addstr(&format, _(implicit_ident_advice));
 		}
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&author_ident);
@@ -1174,7 +1281,6 @@
 	get_commit_format(format.buf, &rev);
 	rev.always_show_header = 0;
 	rev.diffopt.detect_rename = 1;
-	rev.diffopt.rename_limit = 100;
 	rev.diffopt.break_opt = 0;
 	diff_setup_done(&rev.diffopt);
 
@@ -1182,9 +1288,9 @@
 		!prefixcmp(head, "refs/heads/") ?
 			head + 11 :
 			!strcmp(head, "HEAD") ?
-				"detached HEAD" :
+				_("detached HEAD") :
 				head,
-		initial_commit ? " (root-commit)" : "");
+		initial_commit ? _(" (root-commit)") : "");
 
 	if (!log_tree_commit(&rev, commit)) {
 		rev.always_show_header = 1;
@@ -1246,6 +1352,7 @@
 int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf author_ident = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *index_file, *reflog_msg;
 	char *nl, *p;
 	unsigned char commit_sha1[20];
@@ -1255,10 +1362,12 @@
 	int allow_fast_forward = 1;
 	struct wt_status s;
 
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage_with_options(builtin_commit_usage, builtin_commit_options);
+
 	wt_status_prepare(&s);
 	git_config(git_commit_config, &s);
-	in_merge = file_exists(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
-	s.in_merge = in_merge;
+	determine_whence(&s);
 
 	if (s.use_color == -1)
 		s.use_color = git_use_color_default;
@@ -1273,7 +1382,7 @@
 
 	/* Set up everything for writing the commit object.  This includes
 	   running hooks, writing the trees, and interacting with the user.  */
-	if (!prepare_to_commit(index_file, prefix, &s)) {
+	if (!prepare_to_commit(index_file, prefix, &s, &author_ident)) {
 		rollback_index_files();
 		return 1;
 	}
@@ -1291,11 +1400,11 @@
 			reflog_msg = "commit (amend)";
 		commit = lookup_commit(head_sha1);
 		if (!commit || parse_commit(commit))
-			die("could not parse HEAD commit");
+			die(_("could not parse HEAD commit"));
 
 		for (c = commit->parents; c; c = c->next)
 			pptr = &commit_list_insert(c->item, pptr)->next;
-	} else if (in_merge) {
+	} else if (whence == FROM_MERGE) {
 		struct strbuf m = STRBUF_INIT;
 		FILE *fp;
 
@@ -1304,19 +1413,19 @@
 		pptr = &commit_list_insert(lookup_commit(head_sha1), pptr)->next;
 		fp = fopen(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"), "r");
 		if (fp == NULL)
-			die_errno("could not open '%s' for reading",
+			die_errno(_("could not open '%s' for reading"),
 				  git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
 		while (strbuf_getline(&m, fp, '\n') != EOF) {
 			unsigned char sha1[20];
 			if (get_sha1_hex(m.buf, sha1) < 0)
-				die("Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)", m.buf);
+				die(_("Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"), m.buf);
 			pptr = &commit_list_insert(lookup_commit(sha1), pptr)->next;
 		}
 		fclose(fp);
 		strbuf_release(&m);
 		if (!stat(git_path("MERGE_MODE"), &statbuf)) {
 			if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path("MERGE_MODE"), 0) < 0)
-				die_errno("could not read MERGE_MODE");
+				die_errno(_("could not read MERGE_MODE"));
 			if (!strcmp(sb.buf, "no-ff"))
 				allow_fast_forward = 0;
 		}
@@ -1324,7 +1433,9 @@
 			parents = reduce_heads(parents);
 	} else {
 		if (!reflog_msg)
-			reflog_msg = "commit";
+			reflog_msg = (whence == FROM_CHERRY_PICK)
+					? "commit (cherry-pick)"
+					: "commit";
 		pptr = &commit_list_insert(lookup_commit(head_sha1), pptr)->next;
 	}
 
@@ -1333,7 +1444,7 @@
 	if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path(commit_editmsg), 0) < 0) {
 		int saved_errno = errno;
 		rollback_index_files();
-		die("could not read commit message: %s", strerror(saved_errno));
+		die(_("could not read commit message: %s"), strerror(saved_errno));
 	}
 
 	/* Truncate the message just before the diff, if any. */
@@ -1347,16 +1458,16 @@
 		stripspace(&sb, cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL);
 	if (message_is_empty(&sb) && !allow_empty_message) {
 		rollback_index_files();
-		fprintf(stderr, "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n");
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"));
 		exit(1);
 	}
 
 	if (commit_tree(sb.buf, active_cache_tree->sha1, parents, commit_sha1,
-			fmt_ident(author_name, author_email, author_date,
-				IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME))) {
+			author_ident.buf)) {
 		rollback_index_files();
-		die("failed to write commit object");
+		die(_("failed to write commit object"));
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&author_ident);
 
 	ref_lock = lock_any_ref_for_update("HEAD",
 					   initial_commit ? NULL : head_sha1,
@@ -1372,22 +1483,23 @@
 
 	if (!ref_lock) {
 		rollback_index_files();
-		die("cannot lock HEAD ref");
+		die(_("cannot lock HEAD ref"));
 	}
 	if (write_ref_sha1(ref_lock, commit_sha1, sb.buf) < 0) {
 		rollback_index_files();
-		die("cannot update HEAD ref");
+		die(_("cannot update HEAD ref"));
 	}
 
+	unlink(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"));
 	unlink(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
 	unlink(git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
 	unlink(git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
 	unlink(git_path("SQUASH_MSG"));
 
 	if (commit_index_files())
-		die ("Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
+		die (_("Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
 		     "new_index file. Check that disk is not full or quota is\n"
-		     "not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover.");
+		     "not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover."));
 
 	rerere(0);
 	run_hook(get_index_file(), "post-commit", NULL);
diff --git a/builtin/config.c b/builtin/config.c
index ca4a0db..3e3c528 100644
--- a/builtin/config.c
+++ b/builtin/config.c
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "global", &use_global_config, "use global config file"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "system", &use_system_config, "use system config file"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "local", &use_local_config, "use repository config file"),
-	OPT_STRING('f', "file", &given_config_file, "FILE", "use given config file"),
+	OPT_STRING('f', "file", &given_config_file, "file", "use given config file"),
 	OPT_GROUP("Action"),
 	OPT_BIT(0, "get", &actions, "get value: name [value-regex]", ACTION_GET),
 	OPT_BIT(0, "get-all", &actions, "get all values: key [value-regex]", ACTION_GET_ALL),
@@ -153,7 +153,6 @@
 static int get_value(const char *key_, const char *regex_)
 {
 	int ret = -1;
-	char *tl;
 	char *global = NULL, *repo_config = NULL;
 	const char *system_wide = NULL, *local;
 
@@ -161,24 +160,38 @@
 	if (!local) {
 		const char *home = getenv("HOME");
 		local = repo_config = git_pathdup("config");
-		if (git_config_global() && home)
+		if (home)
 			global = xstrdup(mkpath("%s/.gitconfig", home));
 		if (git_config_system())
 			system_wide = git_etc_gitconfig();
 	}
 
-	key = xstrdup(key_);
-	for (tl=key+strlen(key)-1; tl >= key && *tl != '.'; --tl)
-		*tl = tolower(*tl);
-	for (tl=key; *tl && *tl != '.'; ++tl)
-		*tl = tolower(*tl);
-
 	if (use_key_regexp) {
+		char *tl;
+
+		/*
+		 * NEEDSWORK: this naive pattern lowercasing obviously does not
+		 * work for more complex patterns like "^[^.]*Foo.*bar".
+		 * Perhaps we should deprecate this altogether someday.
+		 */
+
+		key = xstrdup(key_);
+		for (tl = key + strlen(key) - 1;
+		     tl >= key && *tl != '.';
+		     tl--)
+			*tl = tolower(*tl);
+		for (tl = key; *tl && *tl != '.'; tl++)
+			*tl = tolower(*tl);
+
 		key_regexp = (regex_t*)xmalloc(sizeof(regex_t));
 		if (regcomp(key_regexp, key, REG_EXTENDED)) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Invalid key pattern: %s\n", key_);
+			free(key);
 			goto free_strings;
 		}
+	} else {
+		if (git_config_parse_key(key_, &key, NULL))
+			goto free_strings;
 	}
 
 	if (regex_) {
@@ -500,3 +513,9 @@
 
 	return 0;
 }
+
+int cmd_repo_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: git repo-config is deprecated in favor of git config.\n");
+	return cmd_config(argc, argv, prefix);
+}
diff --git a/builtin/count-objects.c b/builtin/count-objects.c
index 2bdd8eb..c37cb98 100644
--- a/builtin/count-objects.c
+++ b/builtin/count-objects.c
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
 	unsigned long loose = 0, packed = 0, packed_loose = 0, garbage = 0;
 	off_t loose_size = 0;
 	struct option opts[] = {
-		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "be verbose"),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
diff --git a/builtin/describe.c b/builtin/describe.c
index 43caff2..66fc291 100644
--- a/builtin/describe.c
+++ b/builtin/describe.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "diff.h"
+#include "hash.h"
 
 #define SEEN		(1u<<0)
 #define MAX_TAGS	(FLAG_BITS - 1)
@@ -20,9 +21,10 @@
 static int all;	/* Any valid ref can be used */
 static int tags;	/* Allow lightweight tags */
 static int longformat;
-static int abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
+static int abbrev = -1; /* unspecified */
 static int max_candidates = 10;
-static int found_names;
+static struct hash_table names;
+static int have_util;
 static const char *pattern;
 static int always;
 static const char *dirty;
@@ -34,16 +36,44 @@
 
 
 struct commit_name {
+	struct commit_name *next;
+	unsigned char peeled[20];
 	struct tag *tag;
 	unsigned prio:2; /* annotated tag = 2, tag = 1, head = 0 */
 	unsigned name_checked:1;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	char path[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
+	const char *path;
 };
 static const char *prio_names[] = {
 	"head", "lightweight", "annotated",
 };
 
+static inline unsigned int hash_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	unsigned int hash;
+	memcpy(&hash, sha1, sizeof(hash));
+	return hash;
+}
+
+static inline struct commit_name *find_commit_name(const unsigned char *peeled)
+{
+	struct commit_name *n = lookup_hash(hash_sha1(peeled), &names);
+	while (n && !!hashcmp(peeled, n->peeled))
+		n = n->next;
+	return n;
+}
+
+static int set_util(void *chain, void *data)
+{
+	struct commit_name *n;
+	for (n = chain; n; n = n->next) {
+		struct commit *c = lookup_commit_reference_gently(n->peeled, 1);
+		if (c)
+			c->util = n;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static int replace_name(struct commit_name *e,
 			       int prio,
 			       const unsigned char *sha1,
@@ -78,31 +108,36 @@
 }
 
 static void add_to_known_names(const char *path,
-			       struct commit *commit,
+			       const unsigned char *peeled,
 			       int prio,
 			       const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	struct commit_name *e = commit->util;
+	struct commit_name *e = find_commit_name(peeled);
 	struct tag *tag = NULL;
 	if (replace_name(e, prio, sha1, &tag)) {
-		size_t len = strlen(path)+1;
-		free(e);
-		e = xmalloc(sizeof(struct commit_name) + len);
+		if (!e) {
+			void **pos;
+			e = xmalloc(sizeof(struct commit_name));
+			hashcpy(e->peeled, peeled);
+			pos = insert_hash(hash_sha1(peeled), e, &names);
+			if (pos) {
+				e->next = *pos;
+				*pos = e;
+			} else {
+				e->next = NULL;
+			}
+		}
 		e->tag = tag;
 		e->prio = prio;
 		e->name_checked = 0;
 		hashcpy(e->sha1, sha1);
-		memcpy(e->path, path, len);
-		commit->util = e;
+		e->path = path;
 	}
-	found_names = 1;
 }
 
 static int get_name(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
 	int might_be_tag = !prefixcmp(path, "refs/tags/");
-	struct commit *commit;
-	struct object *object;
 	unsigned char peeled[20];
 	int is_tag, prio;
 
@@ -110,16 +145,10 @@
 		return 0;
 
 	if (!peel_ref(path, peeled) && !is_null_sha1(peeled)) {
-		commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(peeled, 1);
-		if (!commit)
-			return 0;
-		is_tag = !!hashcmp(sha1, commit->object.sha1);
+		is_tag = !!hashcmp(sha1, peeled);
 	} else {
-		commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
-		object = parse_object(sha1);
-		if (!commit || !object)
-			return 0;
-		is_tag = object->type == OBJ_TAG;
+		hashcpy(peeled, sha1);
+		is_tag = 0;
 	}
 
 	/* If --all, then any refs are used.
@@ -142,7 +171,7 @@
 		if (!prio)
 			return 0;
 	}
-	add_to_known_names(all ? path + 5 : path + 10, commit, prio, sha1);
+	add_to_known_names(all ? path + 5 : path + 10, peeled, prio, sha1);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -189,7 +218,7 @@
 			struct commit *p = parents->item;
 			parse_commit(p);
 			if (!(p->object.flags & SEEN))
-				insert_by_date(p, list);
+				commit_list_insert_by_date(p, list);
 			p->object.flags |= c->object.flags;
 			parents = parents->next;
 		}
@@ -202,13 +231,13 @@
 	if (n->prio == 2 && !n->tag) {
 		n->tag = lookup_tag(n->sha1);
 		if (!n->tag || parse_tag(n->tag))
-			die("annotated tag %s not available", n->path);
+			die(_("annotated tag %s not available"), n->path);
 	}
 	if (n->tag && !n->name_checked) {
 		if (!n->tag->tag)
-			die("annotated tag %s has no embedded name", n->path);
+			die(_("annotated tag %s has no embedded name"), n->path);
 		if (strcmp(n->tag->tag, all ? n->path + 5 : n->path))
-			warning("tag '%s' is really '%s' here", n->tag->tag, n->path);
+			warning(_("tag '%s' is really '%s' here"), n->tag->tag, n->path);
 		n->name_checked = 1;
 	}
 
@@ -235,12 +264,12 @@
 	unsigned int unannotated_cnt = 0;
 
 	if (get_sha1(arg, sha1))
-		die("Not a valid object name %s", arg);
+		die(_("Not a valid object name %s"), arg);
 	cmit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
 	if (!cmit)
-		die("%s is not a valid '%s' object", arg, commit_type);
+		die(_("%s is not a valid '%s' object"), arg, commit_type);
 
-	n = cmit->util;
+	n = find_commit_name(cmit->object.sha1);
 	if (n && (tags || all || n->prio == 2)) {
 		/*
 		 * Exact match to an existing ref.
@@ -255,9 +284,14 @@
 	}
 
 	if (!max_candidates)
-		die("no tag exactly matches '%s'", sha1_to_hex(cmit->object.sha1));
+		die(_("no tag exactly matches '%s'"), sha1_to_hex(cmit->object.sha1));
 	if (debug)
-		fprintf(stderr, "searching to describe %s\n", arg);
+		fprintf(stderr, _("searching to describe %s\n"), arg);
+
+	if (!have_util) {
+		for_each_hash(&names, set_util, NULL);
+		have_util = 1;
+	}
 
 	list = NULL;
 	cmit->object.flags = SEEN;
@@ -292,7 +326,7 @@
 		}
 		if (annotated_cnt && !list) {
 			if (debug)
-				fprintf(stderr, "finished search at %s\n",
+				fprintf(stderr, _("finished search at %s\n"),
 					sha1_to_hex(c->object.sha1));
 			break;
 		}
@@ -300,7 +334,7 @@
 			struct commit *p = parents->item;
 			parse_commit(p);
 			if (!(p->object.flags & SEEN))
-				insert_by_date(p, &list);
+				commit_list_insert_by_date(p, &list);
 			p->object.flags |= c->object.flags;
 			parents = parents->next;
 		}
@@ -316,19 +350,19 @@
 			return;
 		}
 		if (unannotated_cnt)
-			die("No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
-			    "However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags.",
+			die(_("No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+			    "However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags."),
 			    sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 		else
-			die("No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
-			    "Try --always, or create some tags.",
+			die(_("No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+			    "Try --always, or create some tags."),
 			    sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	}
 
 	qsort(all_matches, match_cnt, sizeof(all_matches[0]), compare_pt);
 
 	if (gave_up_on) {
-		insert_by_date(gave_up_on, &list);
+		commit_list_insert_by_date(gave_up_on, &list);
 		seen_commits--;
 	}
 	seen_commits += finish_depth_computation(&list, &all_matches[0]);
@@ -341,11 +375,11 @@
 				prio_names[t->name->prio],
 				t->depth, t->name->path);
 		}
-		fprintf(stderr, "traversed %lu commits\n", seen_commits);
+		fprintf(stderr, _("traversed %lu commits\n"), seen_commits);
 		if (gave_up_on) {
 			fprintf(stderr,
-				"more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
-				"gave up search at %s\n",
+				_("more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
+				"gave up search at %s\n"),
 				max_candidates, max_candidates,
 				sha1_to_hex(gave_up_on->object.sha1));
 		}
@@ -386,7 +420,11 @@
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, describe_usage, 0);
+	if (abbrev < 0)
+		abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
+
 	if (max_candidates < 0)
 		max_candidates = 0;
 	else if (max_candidates > MAX_TAGS)
@@ -395,7 +433,7 @@
 	save_commit_buffer = 0;
 
 	if (longformat && abbrev == 0)
-		die("--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0");
+		die(_("--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"));
 
 	if (contains) {
 		const char **args = xmalloc((7 + argc) * sizeof(char *));
@@ -418,16 +456,17 @@
 		return cmd_name_rev(i + argc, args, prefix);
 	}
 
-	for_each_ref(get_name, NULL);
-	if (!found_names && !always)
-		die("No names found, cannot describe anything.");
+	init_hash(&names);
+	for_each_rawref(get_name, NULL);
+	if (!names.nr && !always)
+		die(_("No names found, cannot describe anything."));
 
 	if (argc == 0) {
 		if (dirty && !cmd_diff_index(ARRAY_SIZE(diff_index_args) - 1, diff_index_args, prefix))
 			dirty = NULL;
 		describe("HEAD", 1);
 	} else if (dirty) {
-		die("--dirty is incompatible with committishes");
+		die(_("--dirty is incompatible with committishes"));
 	} else {
 		while (argc-- > 0) {
 			describe(*argv++, argc == 0);
diff --git a/builtin/diff-files.c b/builtin/diff-files.c
index 951c7c8..46085f8 100644
--- a/builtin/diff-files.c
+++ b/builtin/diff-files.c
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
 	    (rev.diffopt.output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH))
 		rev.combine_merges = rev.dense_combined_merges = 1;
 
-	if (read_cache_preload(rev.diffopt.paths) < 0) {
+	if (read_cache_preload(rev.diffopt.pathspec.raw) < 0) {
 		perror("read_cache_preload");
 		return -1;
 	}
diff --git a/builtin/diff-tree.c b/builtin/diff-tree.c
index 0d2a3e9..be6417d 100644
--- a/builtin/diff-tree.c
+++ b/builtin/diff-tree.c
@@ -163,6 +163,9 @@
 	}
 
 	if (read_stdin) {
+		int saved_nrl = 0;
+		int saved_dcctc = 0;
+
 		if (opt->diffopt.detect_rename)
 			opt->diffopt.setup |= (DIFF_SETUP_USE_SIZE_CACHE |
 					       DIFF_SETUP_USE_CACHE);
@@ -173,9 +176,16 @@
 				fputs(line, stdout);
 				fflush(stdout);
 			}
-			else
+			else {
 				diff_tree_stdin(line);
+				if (saved_nrl < opt->diffopt.needed_rename_limit)
+					saved_nrl = opt->diffopt.needed_rename_limit;
+				if (opt->diffopt.degraded_cc_to_c)
+					saved_dcctc = 1;
+			}
 		}
+		opt->diffopt.degraded_cc_to_c = saved_dcctc;
+		opt->diffopt.needed_rename_limit = saved_nrl;
 	}
 
 	return diff_result_code(&opt->diffopt, 0);
diff --git a/builtin/diff.c b/builtin/diff.c
index a43d326..14bd14f 100644
--- a/builtin/diff.c
+++ b/builtin/diff.c
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 };
 
 static const char builtin_diff_usage[] =
-"git diff <options> <rev>{0,2} -- <path>*";
+"git diff [<options>] [<commit> [<commit>]] [--] [<path>...]";
 
 static void stuff_change(struct diff_options *opt,
 			 unsigned old_mode, unsigned new_mode,
@@ -71,9 +71,9 @@
 		usage(builtin_diff_usage);
 
 	if (lstat(path, &st))
-		die_errno("failed to stat '%s'", path);
+		die_errno(_("failed to stat '%s'"), path);
 	if (!(S_ISREG(st.st_mode) || S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)))
-		die("'%s': not a regular file or symlink", path);
+		die(_("'%s': not a regular file or symlink"), path);
 
 	diff_set_mnemonic_prefix(&revs->diffopt, "o/", "w/");
 
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@
 	    revs->max_count != -1 || revs->min_age != -1 ||
 	    revs->max_age != -1)
 		usage(builtin_diff_usage);
-	if (read_cache_preload(revs->diffopt.paths) < 0) {
+	if (read_cache_preload(revs->diffopt.pathspec.raw) < 0) {
 		perror("read_cache_preload");
 		return -1;
 	}
@@ -197,17 +197,11 @@
 	discard_cache();
 	read_cache();
 	refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET|REFRESH_UNMERGED);
-
-	if (active_cache_changed &&
-	    !write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr))
-		commit_locked_index(lock_file);
-
-	rollback_lock_file(lock_file);
+	update_index_if_able(&the_index, lock_file);
 }
 
 static int builtin_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **argv)
 {
-	int result;
 	unsigned int options = 0;
 
 	while (1 < argc && argv[1][0] == '-') {
@@ -222,7 +216,7 @@
 		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
 			usage(builtin_diff_usage);
 		else
-			return error("invalid option: %s", argv[1]);
+			return error(_("invalid option: %s"), argv[1]);
 		argv++; argc--;
 	}
 
@@ -237,12 +231,11 @@
 		revs->combine_merges = revs->dense_combined_merges = 1;
 
 	setup_work_tree();
-	if (read_cache_preload(revs->diffopt.paths) < 0) {
+	if (read_cache_preload(revs->diffopt.pathspec.raw) < 0) {
 		perror("read_cache_preload");
 		return -1;
 	}
-	result = run_diff_files(revs, options);
-	return diff_result_code(&revs->diffopt, result);
+	return run_diff_files(revs, options);
 }
 
 int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
@@ -299,12 +292,12 @@
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
 
 	if (nongit)
-		die("Not a git repository");
+		die(_("Not a git repository"));
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL);
 	if (!rev.diffopt.output_format) {
 		rev.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
 		if (diff_setup_done(&rev.diffopt) < 0)
-			die("diff_setup_done failed");
+			die(_("diff_setup_done failed"));
 	}
 
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, RECURSIVE);
@@ -330,8 +323,11 @@
 			else if (!strcmp(arg, "--cached") ||
 				 !strcmp(arg, "--staged")) {
 				add_head_to_pending(&rev);
-				if (!rev.pending.nr)
-					die("No HEAD commit to compare with (yet)");
+				if (!rev.pending.nr) {
+					struct tree *tree;
+					tree = lookup_tree((const unsigned char*)EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN);
+					add_pending_object(&rev, &tree->object, "HEAD");
+				}
 				break;
 			}
 		}
@@ -346,12 +342,12 @@
 			obj = parse_object(obj->sha1);
 		obj = deref_tag(obj, NULL, 0);
 		if (!obj)
-			die("invalid object '%s' given.", name);
+			die(_("invalid object '%s' given."), name);
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
 			obj = &((struct commit *)obj)->tree->object;
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE) {
 			if (ARRAY_SIZE(ent) <= ents)
-				die("more than %d trees given: '%s'",
+				die(_("more than %d trees given: '%s'"),
 				    (int) ARRAY_SIZE(ent), name);
 			obj->flags |= flags;
 			ent[ents].item = obj;
@@ -361,7 +357,7 @@
 		}
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB) {
 			if (2 <= blobs)
-				die("more than two blobs given: '%s'", name);
+				die(_("more than two blobs given: '%s'"), name);
 			hashcpy(blob[blobs].sha1, obj->sha1);
 			blob[blobs].name = name;
 			blob[blobs].mode = list->mode;
@@ -369,16 +365,12 @@
 			continue;
 
 		}
-		die("unhandled object '%s' given.", name);
+		die(_("unhandled object '%s' given."), name);
 	}
-	if (rev.prune_data) {
-		const char **pathspec = rev.prune_data;
-		while (*pathspec) {
-			if (!path)
-				path = *pathspec;
-			paths++;
-			pathspec++;
-		}
+	if (rev.prune_data.nr) {
+		if (!path)
+			path = rev.prune_data.items[0].match;
+		paths += rev.prune_data.nr;
 	}
 
 	/*
diff --git a/builtin/fast-export.c b/builtin/fast-export.c
index c8fd46b..daf1945 100644
--- a/builtin/fast-export.c
+++ b/builtin/fast-export.c
@@ -619,9 +619,9 @@
 		OPT_CALLBACK(0, "tag-of-filtered-object", &tag_of_filtered_mode, "mode",
 			     "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects",
 			     parse_opt_tag_of_filtered_mode),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "export-marks", &export_filename, "FILE",
+		OPT_STRING(0, "export-marks", &export_filename, "file",
 			     "Dump marks to this file"),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "import-marks", &import_filename, "FILE",
+		OPT_STRING(0, "import-marks", &import_filename, "file",
 			     "Import marks from this file"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "fake-missing-tagger", &fake_missing_tagger,
 			     "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"),
@@ -651,7 +651,7 @@
 	if (import_filename)
 		import_marks(import_filename);
 
-	if (import_filename && revs.prune_data)
+	if (import_filename && revs.prune_data.nr)
 		full_tree = 1;
 
 	get_tags_and_duplicates(&revs.pending, &extra_refs);
diff --git a/builtin/fetch-pack.c b/builtin/fetch-pack.c
index dbd8b7b..85aff02 100644
--- a/builtin/fetch-pack.c
+++ b/builtin/fetch-pack.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#include "cache.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 #include "commit.h"
@@ -9,11 +9,13 @@
 #include "fetch-pack.h"
 #include "remote.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "transport.h"
 
 static int transfer_unpack_limit = -1;
 static int fetch_unpack_limit = -1;
 static int unpack_limit = 100;
 static int prefer_ofs_delta = 1;
+static int no_done = 0;
 static struct fetch_pack_args args = {
 	/* .uploadpack = */ "git-upload-pack",
 };
@@ -47,7 +49,7 @@
 			if (parse_commit(commit))
 				return;
 
-		insert_by_date(commit, &rev_list);
+		commit_list_insert_by_date(commit, &rev_list);
 
 		if (!(commit->object.flags & COMMON))
 			non_common_revs++;
@@ -217,14 +219,40 @@
 		safe_write(fd, buf->buf, buf->len);
 }
 
+static void insert_one_alternate_ref(const struct ref *ref, void *unused)
+{
+	rev_list_insert_ref(NULL, ref->old_sha1, 0, NULL);
+}
+
+static void insert_alternate_refs(void)
+{
+	foreach_alt_odb(refs_from_alternate_cb, insert_one_alternate_ref);
+}
+
+#define INITIAL_FLUSH 16
+#define PIPESAFE_FLUSH 32
+#define LARGE_FLUSH 1024
+
+static int next_flush(int count)
+{
+	int flush_limit = args.stateless_rpc ? LARGE_FLUSH : PIPESAFE_FLUSH;
+
+	if (count < flush_limit)
+		count <<= 1;
+	else
+		count += flush_limit;
+	return count;
+}
+
 static int find_common(int fd[2], unsigned char *result_sha1,
 		       struct ref *refs)
 {
 	int fetching;
-	int count = 0, flushes = 0, retval;
+	int count = 0, flushes = 0, flush_at = INITIAL_FLUSH, retval;
 	const unsigned char *sha1;
 	unsigned in_vain = 0;
 	int got_continue = 0;
+	int got_ready = 0;
 	struct strbuf req_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	size_t state_len = 0;
 
@@ -235,6 +263,7 @@
 	marked = 1;
 
 	for_each_ref(rev_list_insert_ref, NULL);
+	insert_alternate_refs();
 
 	fetching = 0;
 	for ( ; refs ; refs = refs->next) {
@@ -262,6 +291,7 @@
 			struct strbuf c = STRBUF_INIT;
 			if (multi_ack == 2)     strbuf_addstr(&c, " multi_ack_detailed");
 			if (multi_ack == 1)     strbuf_addstr(&c, " multi_ack");
+			if (no_done)            strbuf_addstr(&c, " no-done");
 			if (use_sideband == 2)  strbuf_addstr(&c, " side-band-64k");
 			if (use_sideband == 1)  strbuf_addstr(&c, " side-band");
 			if (args.use_thin_pack) strbuf_addstr(&c, " thin-pack");
@@ -332,19 +362,20 @@
 		if (args.verbose)
 			fprintf(stderr, "have %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 		in_vain++;
-		if (!(31 & ++count)) {
+		if (flush_at <= ++count) {
 			int ack;
 
 			packet_buf_flush(&req_buf);
 			send_request(fd[1], &req_buf);
 			strbuf_setlen(&req_buf, state_len);
 			flushes++;
+			flush_at = next_flush(count);
 
 			/*
 			 * We keep one window "ahead" of the other side, and
 			 * will wait for an ACK only on the next one
 			 */
-			if (!args.stateless_rpc && count == 32)
+			if (!args.stateless_rpc && count == INITIAL_FLUSH)
 				continue;
 
 			consume_shallow_list(fd[0]);
@@ -379,6 +410,10 @@
 					retval = 0;
 					in_vain = 0;
 					got_continue = 1;
+					if (ack == ACK_ready) {
+						rev_list = NULL;
+						got_ready = 1;
+					}
 					break;
 					}
 				}
@@ -392,8 +427,10 @@
 		}
 	}
 done:
-	packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "done\n");
-	send_request(fd[1], &req_buf);
+	if (!got_ready || !no_done) {
+		packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "done\n");
+		send_request(fd[1], &req_buf);
+	}
 	if (args.verbose)
 		fprintf(stderr, "done\n");
 	if (retval != 0) {
@@ -436,7 +473,7 @@
 	if (o && o->type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
 		struct commit *commit = (struct commit *)o;
 		commit->object.flags |= COMPLETE;
-		insert_by_date(commit, &complete);
+		commit_list_insert_by_date(commit, &complete);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -696,6 +733,12 @@
 		if (args.verbose)
 			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports multi_ack_detailed\n");
 		multi_ack = 2;
+		if (server_supports("no-done")) {
+			if (args.verbose)
+				fprintf(stderr, "Server supports no-done\n");
+			if (args.stateless_rpc)
+				no_done = 1;
+		}
 	}
 	else if (server_supports("multi_ack")) {
 		if (args.verbose)
@@ -804,6 +847,8 @@
 	char **pack_lockfile_ptr = NULL;
 	struct child_process *conn;
 
+	packet_trace_identity("fetch-pack");
+
 	nr_heads = 0;
 	heads = NULL;
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
diff --git a/builtin/fetch.c b/builtin/fetch.c
index d35f000..f9c41da 100644
--- a/builtin/fetch.c
+++ b/builtin/fetch.c
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "sigchain.h"
 #include "transport.h"
+#include "submodule.h"
 
 static const char * const builtin_fetch_usage[] = {
 	"git fetch [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]",
@@ -28,12 +29,28 @@
 };
 
 static int all, append, dry_run, force, keep, multiple, prune, update_head_ok, verbosity;
-static int progress;
+static int progress, recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_DEFAULT;
 static int tags = TAGS_DEFAULT;
 static const char *depth;
 static const char *upload_pack;
 static struct strbuf default_rla = STRBUF_INIT;
 static struct transport *transport;
+static const char *submodule_prefix = "";
+static const char *recurse_submodules_default;
+
+static int option_parse_recurse_submodules(const struct option *opt,
+				   const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	if (unset) {
+		recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF;
+	} else {
+		if (arg)
+			recurse_submodules = parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(opt->long_name, arg);
+		else
+			recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
 
 static struct option builtin_fetch_options[] = {
 	OPT__VERBOSITY(&verbosity),
@@ -41,10 +58,9 @@
 		    "fetch from all remotes"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "append", &append,
 		    "append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting"),
-	OPT_STRING(0, "upload-pack", &upload_pack, "PATH",
+	OPT_STRING(0, "upload-pack", &upload_pack, "path",
 		   "path to upload pack on remote end"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &force,
-		    "force overwrite of local branch"),
+	OPT__FORCE(&force, "force overwrite of local branch"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('m', "multiple", &multiple,
 		    "fetch from multiple remotes"),
 	OPT_SET_INT('t', "tags", &tags,
@@ -52,15 +68,23 @@
 	OPT_SET_INT('n', NULL, &tags,
 		    "do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)", TAGS_UNSET),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "prune", &prune,
-		    "prune tracking branches no longer on remote"),
+		    "prune remote-tracking branches no longer on remote"),
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "recurse-submodules", NULL, "on-demand",
+		    "control recursive fetching of submodules",
+		    PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, option_parse_recurse_submodules },
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "dry-run", &dry_run,
 		    "dry run"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('k', "keep", &keep, "keep downloaded pack"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('u', "update-head-ok", &update_head_ok,
 		    "allow updating of HEAD ref"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "progress", &progress, "force progress reporting"),
-	OPT_STRING(0, "depth", &depth, "DEPTH",
+	OPT_STRING(0, "depth", &depth, "depth",
 		   "deepen history of shallow clone"),
+	{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "submodule-prefix", &submodule_prefix, "dir",
+		   "prepend this to submodule path output", PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
+	{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "recurse-submodules-default",
+		   &recurse_submodules_default, NULL,
+		   "default mode for recursion", PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
 	OPT_END()
 };
 
@@ -98,7 +122,7 @@
 			continue;
 
 		/*
-		 * Not fetched to a tracking branch?  We need to fetch
+		 * Not fetched to a remote-tracking branch?  We need to fetch
 		 * it anyway to allow this branch's "branch.$name.merge"
 		 * to be honored by 'git pull', but we do not have to
 		 * fail if branch.$name.merge is misconfigured to point
@@ -172,7 +196,7 @@
 		} else {
 			ref_map = get_remote_ref(remote_refs, "HEAD");
 			if (!ref_map)
-				die("Couldn't find remote ref HEAD");
+				die(_("Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"));
 			ref_map->merge = 1;
 			tail = &ref_map->next;
 		}
@@ -225,12 +249,12 @@
 	*display = 0;
 	type = sha1_object_info(ref->new_sha1, NULL);
 	if (type < 0)
-		die("object %s not found", sha1_to_hex(ref->new_sha1));
+		die(_("object %s not found"), sha1_to_hex(ref->new_sha1));
 
 	if (!hashcmp(ref->old_sha1, ref->new_sha1)) {
 		if (verbosity > 0)
 			sprintf(display, "= %-*s %-*s -> %s", TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH,
-				"[up to date]", REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
+				_("[up to date]"), REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
 				pretty_ref);
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -243,8 +267,8 @@
 		 * If this is the head, and it's not okay to update
 		 * the head, and the old value of the head isn't empty...
 		 */
-		sprintf(display, "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)",
-			TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, "[rejected]", REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
+		sprintf(display, _("! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"),
+			TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, _("[rejected]"), REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
 			pretty_ref);
 		return 1;
 	}
@@ -254,8 +278,8 @@
 		int r;
 		r = s_update_ref("updating tag", ref, 0);
 		sprintf(display, "%c %-*s %-*s -> %s%s", r ? '!' : '-',
-			TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, "[tag update]", REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
-			pretty_ref, r ? "  (unable to update local ref)" : "");
+			TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, _("[tag update]"), REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
+			pretty_ref, r ? _("  (unable to update local ref)") : "");
 		return r;
 	}
 
@@ -267,17 +291,20 @@
 		int r;
 		if (!strncmp(ref->name, "refs/tags/", 10)) {
 			msg = "storing tag";
-			what = "[new tag]";
+			what = _("[new tag]");
 		}
 		else {
 			msg = "storing head";
-			what = "[new branch]";
+			what = _("[new branch]");
+			if ((recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF) &&
+			    (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON))
+				check_for_new_submodule_commits(ref->new_sha1);
 		}
 
 		r = s_update_ref(msg, ref, 0);
 		sprintf(display, "%c %-*s %-*s -> %s%s", r ? '!' : '*',
 			TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, what, REFCOL_WIDTH, remote, pretty_ref,
-			r ? "  (unable to update local ref)" : "");
+			r ? _("  (unable to update local ref)") : "");
 		return r;
 	}
 
@@ -287,10 +314,13 @@
 		strcpy(quickref, find_unique_abbrev(current->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 		strcat(quickref, "..");
 		strcat(quickref, find_unique_abbrev(ref->new_sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+		if ((recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF) &&
+		    (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON))
+			check_for_new_submodule_commits(ref->new_sha1);
 		r = s_update_ref("fast-forward", ref, 1);
 		sprintf(display, "%c %-*s %-*s -> %s%s", r ? '!' : ' ',
 			TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, quickref, REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
-			pretty_ref, r ? "  (unable to update local ref)" : "");
+			pretty_ref, r ? _("  (unable to update local ref)") : "");
 		return r;
 	} else if (force || ref->force) {
 		char quickref[84];
@@ -298,16 +328,19 @@
 		strcpy(quickref, find_unique_abbrev(current->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 		strcat(quickref, "...");
 		strcat(quickref, find_unique_abbrev(ref->new_sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+		if ((recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF) &&
+		    (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON))
+			check_for_new_submodule_commits(ref->new_sha1);
 		r = s_update_ref("forced-update", ref, 1);
 		sprintf(display, "%c %-*s %-*s -> %s  (%s)", r ? '!' : '+',
 			TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, quickref, REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
 			pretty_ref,
-			r ? "unable to update local ref" : "forced update");
+			r ? _("unable to update local ref") : _("forced update"));
 		return r;
 	} else {
-		sprintf(display, "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (non-fast-forward)",
-			TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, "[rejected]", REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
-			pretty_ref);
+		sprintf(display, "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  %s",
+			TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, _("[rejected]"), REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
+			pretty_ref, _("(non-fast-forward)"));
 		return 1;
 	}
 }
@@ -325,7 +358,7 @@
 
 	fp = fopen(filename, "a");
 	if (!fp)
-		return error("cannot open %s: %s\n", filename, strerror(errno));
+		return error(_("cannot open %s: %s\n"), filename, strerror(errno));
 
 	if (raw_url)
 		url = transport_anonymize_url(raw_url);
@@ -359,7 +392,7 @@
 			what = rm->name + 10;
 		}
 		else if (!prefixcmp(rm->name, "refs/remotes/")) {
-			kind = "remote branch";
+			kind = "remote-tracking branch";
 			what = rm->name + 13;
 		}
 		else {
@@ -403,7 +436,7 @@
 				 REFCOL_WIDTH, *what ? what : "HEAD");
 		if (*note) {
 			if (verbosity >= 0 && !shown_url) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "From %.*s\n",
+				fprintf(stderr, _("From %.*s\n"),
 						url_len, url);
 				shown_url = 1;
 			}
@@ -414,9 +447,9 @@
 	free(url);
 	fclose(fp);
 	if (rc & STORE_REF_ERROR_DF_CONFLICT)
-		error("some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
+		error(_("some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
 		      " 'git remote prune %s' to remove any old, conflicting "
-		      "branches", remote_name);
+		      "branches"), remote_name);
 	return rc;
 }
 
@@ -464,7 +497,7 @@
 
 	err = start_command(&revlist);
 	if (err) {
-		error("could not run rev-list");
+		error(_("could not run rev-list"));
 		return err;
 	}
 
@@ -478,14 +511,14 @@
 		if (write_in_full(revlist.in, sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1), 40) < 0 ||
 		    write_str_in_full(revlist.in, "\n") < 0) {
 			if (errno != EPIPE && errno != EINVAL)
-				error("failed write to rev-list: %s", strerror(errno));
+				error(_("failed write to rev-list: %s"), strerror(errno));
 			err = -1;
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 
 	if (close(revlist.in)) {
-		error("failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s", strerror(errno));
+		error(_("failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s"), strerror(errno));
 		err = -1;
 	}
 
@@ -512,16 +545,16 @@
 	int result = 0;
 	struct ref *ref, *stale_refs = get_stale_heads(transport->remote, ref_map);
 	const char *dangling_msg = dry_run
-		? "   (%s will become dangling)\n"
-		: "   (%s has become dangling)\n";
+		? _("   (%s will become dangling)\n")
+		: _("   (%s has become dangling)\n");
 
 	for (ref = stale_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
 		if (!dry_run)
 			result |= delete_ref(ref->name, NULL, 0);
 		if (verbosity >= 0) {
 			fprintf(stderr, " x %-*s %-*s -> %s\n",
-				TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, "[deleted]",
-				REFCOL_WIDTH, "(none)", prettify_refname(ref->name));
+				TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, _("[deleted]"),
+				REFCOL_WIDTH, _("(none)"), prettify_refname(ref->name));
 			warn_dangling_symref(stderr, dangling_msg, ref->name);
 		}
 	}
@@ -638,8 +671,8 @@
 	for (; ref_map; ref_map = ref_map->next)
 		if (ref_map->peer_ref && !strcmp(current_branch->refname,
 					ref_map->peer_ref->name))
-			die("Refusing to fetch into current branch %s "
-			    "of non-bare repository", current_branch->refname);
+			die(_("Refusing to fetch into current branch %s "
+			    "of non-bare repository"), current_branch->refname);
 }
 
 static int truncate_fetch_head(void)
@@ -648,7 +681,7 @@
 	FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "w");
 
 	if (!fp)
-		return error("cannot open %s: %s\n", filename, strerror(errno));
+		return error(_("cannot open %s: %s\n"), filename, strerror(errno));
 	fclose(fp);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -672,7 +705,7 @@
 	}
 
 	if (!transport->get_refs_list || !transport->fetch)
-		die("Don't know how to fetch from %s", transport->url);
+		die(_("Don't know how to fetch from %s"), transport->url);
 
 	/* if not appending, truncate FETCH_HEAD */
 	if (!append && !dry_run) {
@@ -726,10 +759,10 @@
 {
 	int r = transport_set_option(transport, name, value);
 	if (r < 0)
-		die("Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s",
+		die(_("Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"),
 			name, value, transport->url);
 	if (r > 0)
-		warning("Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n",
+		warning(_("Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"),
 			name, transport->url);
 }
 
@@ -784,28 +817,38 @@
 	return 1;
 }
 
+static void add_options_to_argv(int *argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	if (dry_run)
+		argv[(*argc)++] = "--dry-run";
+	if (prune)
+		argv[(*argc)++] = "--prune";
+	if (update_head_ok)
+		argv[(*argc)++] = "--update-head-ok";
+	if (force)
+		argv[(*argc)++] = "--force";
+	if (keep)
+		argv[(*argc)++] = "--keep";
+	if (recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON)
+		argv[(*argc)++] = "--recurse-submodules";
+	else if (recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND)
+		argv[(*argc)++] = "--recurse-submodules=on-demand";
+	if (verbosity >= 2)
+		argv[(*argc)++] = "-v";
+	if (verbosity >= 1)
+		argv[(*argc)++] = "-v";
+	else if (verbosity < 0)
+		argv[(*argc)++] = "-q";
+
+}
+
 static int fetch_multiple(struct string_list *list)
 {
 	int i, result = 0;
-	const char *argv[11] = { "fetch", "--append" };
+	const char *argv[12] = { "fetch", "--append" };
 	int argc = 2;
 
-	if (dry_run)
-		argv[argc++] = "--dry-run";
-	if (prune)
-		argv[argc++] = "--prune";
-	if (update_head_ok)
-		argv[argc++] = "--update-head-ok";
-	if (force)
-		argv[argc++] = "--force";
-	if (keep)
-		argv[argc++] = "--keep";
-	if (verbosity >= 2)
-		argv[argc++] = "-v";
-	if (verbosity >= 1)
-		argv[argc++] = "-v";
-	else if (verbosity < 0)
-		argv[argc++] = "-q";
+	add_options_to_argv(&argc, argv);
 
 	if (!append && !dry_run) {
 		int errcode = truncate_fetch_head();
@@ -818,9 +861,9 @@
 		argv[argc] = name;
 		argv[argc + 1] = NULL;
 		if (verbosity >= 0)
-			printf("Fetching %s\n", name);
+			printf(_("Fetching %s\n"), name);
 		if (run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_GIT_CMD)) {
-			error("Could not fetch %s", name);
+			error(_("Could not fetch %s"), name);
 			result = 1;
 		}
 	}
@@ -836,8 +879,8 @@
 	int exit_code;
 
 	if (!remote)
-		die("No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
-		    "remote name from which new revisions should be fetched.");
+		die(_("No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
+		    "remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."));
 
 	transport = transport_get(remote, NULL);
 	transport_set_verbosity(transport, verbosity, progress);
@@ -856,7 +899,7 @@
 				char *ref;
 				i++;
 				if (i >= argc)
-					die("You need to specify a tag name.");
+					die(_("You need to specify a tag name."));
 				ref = xmalloc(strlen(argv[i]) * 2 + 22);
 				strcpy(ref, "refs/tags/");
 				strcat(ref, argv[i]);
@@ -886,6 +929,8 @@
 	struct remote *remote;
 	int result = 0;
 
+	packet_trace_identity("fetch");
+
 	/* Record the command line for the reflog */
 	strbuf_addstr(&default_rla, "fetch");
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
@@ -896,9 +941,9 @@
 
 	if (all) {
 		if (argc == 1)
-			die("fetch --all does not take a repository argument");
+			die(_("fetch --all does not take a repository argument"));
 		else if (argc > 1)
-			die("fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs");
+			die(_("fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"));
 		(void) for_each_remote(get_one_remote_for_fetch, &list);
 		result = fetch_multiple(&list);
 	} else if (argc == 0) {
@@ -909,7 +954,7 @@
 		/* All arguments are assumed to be remotes or groups */
 		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
 			if (!add_remote_or_group(argv[i], &list))
-				die("No such remote or remote group: %s", argv[i]);
+				die(_("No such remote or remote group: %s"), argv[i]);
 		result = fetch_multiple(&list);
 	} else {
 		/* Single remote or group */
@@ -917,7 +962,7 @@
 		if (list.nr > 1) {
 			/* More than one remote */
 			if (argc > 1)
-				die("Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense");
+				die(_("Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"));
 			result = fetch_multiple(&list);
 		} else {
 			/* Zero or one remotes */
@@ -926,6 +971,22 @@
 		}
 	}
 
+	if (!result && (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF)) {
+		const char *options[10];
+		int num_options = 0;
+		if (recurse_submodules_default) {
+			int arg = parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg("--recurse-submodules-default", recurse_submodules_default);
+			set_config_fetch_recurse_submodules(arg);
+		}
+		gitmodules_config();
+		git_config(submodule_config, NULL);
+		add_options_to_argv(&num_options, options);
+		result = fetch_populated_submodules(num_options, options,
+						    submodule_prefix,
+						    recurse_submodules,
+						    verbosity < 0);
+	}
+
 	/* All names were strdup()ed or strndup()ed */
 	list.strdup_strings = 1;
 	string_list_clear(&list, 0);
diff --git a/builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c b/builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c
index 78c7774..7581632 100644
--- a/builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c
+++ b/builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 	int head_status;
 };
 
-void init_src_data(struct src_data *data)
+static void init_src_data(struct src_data *data)
 {
 	data->branch.strdup_strings = 1;
 	data->tag.strdup_strings = 1;
@@ -100,8 +100,8 @@
 		origin = line;
 		string_list_append(&src_data->tag, origin + 4);
 		src_data->head_status |= 2;
-	} else if (!prefixcmp(line, "remote branch ")) {
-		origin = line + 14;
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(line, "remote-tracking branch ")) {
+		origin = line + strlen("remote-tracking branch ");
 		string_list_append(&src_data->r_branch, origin);
 		src_data->head_status |= 2;
 	} else {
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@
 		if (src_data->r_branch.nr) {
 			strbuf_addstr(out, subsep);
 			subsep = ", ";
-			print_joined("remote branch ", "remote branches ",
+			print_joined("remote-tracking branch ", "remote-tracking branches ",
 					&src_data->r_branch, out);
 		}
 		if (src_data->tag.nr) {
diff --git a/builtin/fsck.c b/builtin/fsck.c
index 0929c7f..5ae0366 100644
--- a/builtin/fsck.c
+++ b/builtin/fsck.c
@@ -74,7 +74,13 @@
 {
 	struct object *parent = data;
 
+	/*
+	 * The only case data is NULL or type is OBJ_ANY is when
+	 * mark_object_reachable() calls us.  All the callers of
+	 * that function has non-NULL obj hence ...
+	 */
 	if (!obj) {
+		/* ... these references to parent->fld are safe here */
 		printf("broken link from %7s %s\n",
 			   typename(parent->type), sha1_to_hex(parent->sha1));
 		printf("broken link from %7s %s\n",
@@ -84,6 +90,7 @@
 	}
 
 	if (type != OBJ_ANY && obj->type != type)
+		/* ... and the reference to parent is safe here */
 		objerror(parent, "wrong object type in link");
 
 	if (obj->flags & REACHABLE)
@@ -109,7 +116,7 @@
 	mark_object(obj, OBJ_ANY, NULL);
 }
 
-static int traverse_one_object(struct object *obj, struct object *parent)
+static int traverse_one_object(struct object *obj)
 {
 	int result;
 	struct tree *tree = NULL;
@@ -133,12 +140,11 @@
 	int result = 0;
 	while (pending.nr) {
 		struct object_array_entry *entry;
-		struct object *obj, *parent;
+		struct object *obj;
 
 		entry = pending.objects + --pending.nr;
 		obj = entry->item;
-		parent = (struct object *) entry->name;
-		result |= traverse_one_object(obj, parent);
+		result |= traverse_one_object(obj);
 	}
 	return !!result;
 }
@@ -385,10 +391,20 @@
 	sha1_list.nr = ++nr;
 }
 
+static inline int is_loose_object_file(struct dirent *de,
+				       char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	if (strlen(de->d_name) != 38)
+		return 0;
+	memcpy(name + 2, de->d_name, 39);
+	return !get_sha1_hex(name, sha1);
+}
+
 static void fsck_dir(int i, char *path)
 {
 	DIR *dir = opendir(path);
 	struct dirent *de;
+	char name[100];
 
 	if (!dir)
 		return;
@@ -396,17 +412,13 @@
 	if (verbose)
 		fprintf(stderr, "Checking directory %s\n", path);
 
+	sprintf(name, "%02x", i);
 	while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
-		char name[100];
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 
 		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name))
 			continue;
-		if (strlen(de->d_name) == 38) {
-			sprintf(name, "%02x", i);
-			memcpy(name+2, de->d_name, 39);
-			if (get_sha1_hex(name, sha1) < 0)
-				break;
+		if (is_loose_object_file(de, name, sha1)) {
 			add_sha1_list(sha1, DIRENT_SORT_HINT(de));
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -556,8 +568,8 @@
 			      sha1_to_hex(it->sha1));
 			return 1;
 		}
-		mark_object_reachable(obj);
 		obj->used = 1;
+		mark_object_reachable(obj);
 		if (obj->type != OBJ_TREE)
 			err |= objerror(obj, "non-tree in cache-tree");
 	}
@@ -572,7 +584,7 @@
 };
 
 static struct option fsck_opts[] = {
-	OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
+	OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "be verbose"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "unreachable", &show_unreachable, "show unreachable objects"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "tags", &show_tags, "report tags"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "root", &show_root, "report root nodes"),
diff --git a/builtin/gc.c b/builtin/gc.c
index c304638..ff5f73b 100644
--- a/builtin/gc.c
+++ b/builtin/gc.c
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
 		if (value && strcmp(value, "now")) {
 			unsigned long now = approxidate("now");
 			if (approxidate(value) >= now)
-				return error("Invalid %s: '%s'", var, value);
+				return error(_("Invalid %s: '%s'"), var, value);
 		}
 		return git_config_string(&prune_expire, var, value);
 	}
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
 		;
 
 	if (i + 2 >= max_length)
-		die("Too many options specified");
+		die(_("Too many options specified"));
 	cmd[i++] = opt;
 	cmd[i] = NULL;
 }
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@
 		return 0;
 
 	if (sizeof(path) <= snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/17", objdir)) {
-		warning("insanely long object directory %.*s", 50, objdir);
+		warning(_("insanely long object directory %.*s"), 50, objdir);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	dir = opendir(path);
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@
 	char buf[80];
 
 	struct option builtin_gc_options[] = {
-		OPT__QUIET(&quiet),
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, "suppress progress reporting"),
 		{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "prune", &prune_expire, "date",
 			"prune unreferenced objects",
 			PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)prune_expire },
@@ -189,6 +189,9 @@
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage_with_options(builtin_gc_usage, builtin_gc_options);
+
 	git_config(gc_config, NULL);
 
 	if (pack_refs < 0)
@@ -216,13 +219,13 @@
 		 */
 		if (!need_to_gc())
 			return 0;
-		fprintf(stderr,
-			"Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.%s\n",
-			quiet
-			? ""
-			: (" You may also\n"
-			   "run \"git gc\" manually. See "
-			   "\"git help gc\" for more information."));
+		if (quiet)
+			fprintf(stderr, _("Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"));
+		else
+			fprintf(stderr,
+					_("Auto packing the repository for optimum performance. You may also\n"
+					"run \"git gc\" manually. See "
+					"\"git help gc\" for more information."));
 	} else
 		append_option(argv_repack,
 			      prune_expire && !strcmp(prune_expire, "now")
@@ -248,8 +251,8 @@
 		return error(FAILED_RUN, argv_rerere[0]);
 
 	if (auto_gc && too_many_loose_objects())
-		warning("There are too many unreachable loose objects; "
-			"run 'git prune' to remove them.");
+		warning(_("There are too many unreachable loose objects; "
+			"run 'git prune' to remove them."));
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/grep.c b/builtin/grep.c
index 3d5f6ac..10a1f65 100644
--- a/builtin/grep.c
+++ b/builtin/grep.c
@@ -17,11 +17,7 @@
 #include "grep.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "dir.h"
-
-#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
-#include <pthread.h>
 #include "thread-utils.h"
-#endif
 
 static char const * const grep_usage[] = {
 	"git grep [options] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]",
@@ -44,8 +40,7 @@
  * threads. The producer adds struct work_items to 'todo' and the
  * consumers pick work items from the same array.
  */
-struct work_item
-{
+struct work_item {
 	enum work_type type;
 	char *name;
 
@@ -249,7 +244,7 @@
 		err = pthread_create(&threads[i], NULL, run, o);
 
 		if (err)
-			die("grep: failed to create thread: %s",
+			die(_("grep: failed to create thread: %s"),
 			    strerror(err));
 	}
 }
@@ -307,6 +302,19 @@
 	default: return 0;
 	}
 
+	if (!strcmp(var, "grep.extendedregexp")) {
+		if (git_config_bool(var, value))
+			opt->regflags |= REG_EXTENDED;
+		else
+			opt->regflags &= ~REG_EXTENDED;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "grep.linenumber")) {
+		opt->linenum = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep"))
 		opt->color = git_config_colorbool(var, value, -1);
 	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.context"))
@@ -333,106 +341,6 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-/*
- * Return non-zero if max_depth is negative or path has no more then max_depth
- * slashes.
- */
-static int accept_subdir(const char *path, int max_depth)
-{
-	if (max_depth < 0)
-		return 1;
-
-	while ((path = strchr(path, '/')) != NULL) {
-		max_depth--;
-		if (max_depth < 0)
-			return 0;
-		path++;
-	}
-	return 1;
-}
-
-/*
- * Return non-zero if name is a subdirectory of match and is not too deep.
- */
-static int is_subdir(const char *name, int namelen,
-		const char *match, int matchlen, int max_depth)
-{
-	if (matchlen > namelen || strncmp(name, match, matchlen))
-		return 0;
-
-	if (name[matchlen] == '\0') /* exact match */
-		return 1;
-
-	if (!matchlen || match[matchlen-1] == '/' || name[matchlen] == '/')
-		return accept_subdir(name + matchlen + 1, max_depth);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * git grep pathspecs are somewhat different from diff-tree pathspecs;
- * pathname wildcards are allowed.
- */
-static int pathspec_matches(const char **paths, const char *name, int max_depth)
-{
-	int namelen, i;
-	if (!paths || !*paths)
-		return accept_subdir(name, max_depth);
-	namelen = strlen(name);
-	for (i = 0; paths[i]; i++) {
-		const char *match = paths[i];
-		int matchlen = strlen(match);
-		const char *cp, *meta;
-
-		if (is_subdir(name, namelen, match, matchlen, max_depth))
-			return 1;
-		if (!fnmatch(match, name, 0))
-			return 1;
-		if (name[namelen-1] != '/')
-			continue;
-
-		/* We are being asked if the directory ("name") is worth
-		 * descending into.
-		 *
-		 * Find the longest leading directory name that does
-		 * not have metacharacter in the pathspec; the name
-		 * we are looking at must overlap with that directory.
-		 */
-		for (cp = match, meta = NULL; cp - match < matchlen; cp++) {
-			char ch = *cp;
-			if (ch == '*' || ch == '[' || ch == '?') {
-				meta = cp;
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-		if (!meta)
-			meta = cp; /* fully literal */
-
-		if (namelen <= meta - match) {
-			/* Looking at "Documentation/" and
-			 * the pattern says "Documentation/howto/", or
-			 * "Documentation/diff*.txt".  The name we
-			 * have should match prefix.
-			 */
-			if (!memcmp(match, name, namelen))
-				return 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if (meta - match < namelen) {
-			/* Looking at "Documentation/howto/" and
-			 * the pattern says "Documentation/h*";
-			 * match up to "Do.../h"; this avoids descending
-			 * into "Documentation/technical/".
-			 */
-			if (!memcmp(match, name, meta - match))
-				return 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
 static void *lock_and_read_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *size)
 {
 	void *data;
@@ -454,7 +362,7 @@
 	void *data = lock_and_read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, size);
 
 	if (!data)
-		error("'%s': unable to read %s", name, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		error(_("'%s': unable to read %s"), name, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 
 	return data;
 }
@@ -505,21 +413,21 @@
 	if (lstat(filename, &st) < 0) {
 	err_ret:
 		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			error("'%s': %s", filename, strerror(errno));
-		return 0;
+			error(_("'%s': %s"), filename, strerror(errno));
+		return NULL;
 	}
 	if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
-		return 0;
+		return NULL;
 	*sz = xsize_t(st.st_size);
 	i = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
 	if (i < 0)
 		goto err_ret;
 	data = xmalloc(*sz + 1);
 	if (st.st_size != read_in_full(i, data, *sz)) {
-		error("'%s': short read %s", filename, strerror(errno));
+		error(_("'%s': short read %s"), filename, strerror(errno));
 		close(i);
 		free(data);
-		return 0;
+		return NULL;
 	}
 	close(i);
 	data[*sz] = 0;
@@ -578,14 +486,14 @@
 	argv[path_list->nr] = NULL;
 
 	if (prefix && chdir(prefix))
-		die("Failed to chdir: %s", prefix);
+		die(_("Failed to chdir: %s"), prefix);
 	status = run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_USING_SHELL);
 	if (status)
 		exit(status);
 	free(argv);
 }
 
-static int grep_cache(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths, int cached)
+static int grep_cache(struct grep_opt *opt, const struct pathspec *pathspec, int cached)
 {
 	int hit = 0;
 	int nr;
@@ -595,7 +503,7 @@
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[nr];
 		if (!S_ISREG(ce->ce_mode))
 			continue;
-		if (!pathspec_matches(paths, ce->name, opt->max_depth))
+		if (!match_pathspec_depth(pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, NULL))
 			continue;
 		/*
 		 * If CE_VALID is on, we assume worktree file and its cache entry
@@ -622,44 +530,29 @@
 	return hit;
 }
 
-static int grep_tree(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths,
-		     struct tree_desc *tree,
-		     const char *tree_name, const char *base)
+static int grep_tree(struct grep_opt *opt, const struct pathspec *pathspec,
+		     struct tree_desc *tree, struct strbuf *base, int tn_len)
 {
-	int len;
-	int hit = 0;
+	int hit = 0, matched = 0;
 	struct name_entry entry;
-	char *down;
-	int tn_len = strlen(tree_name);
-	struct strbuf pathbuf;
-
-	strbuf_init(&pathbuf, PATH_MAX + tn_len);
-
-	if (tn_len) {
-		strbuf_add(&pathbuf, tree_name, tn_len);
-		strbuf_addch(&pathbuf, ':');
-		tn_len = pathbuf.len;
-	}
-	strbuf_addstr(&pathbuf, base);
-	len = pathbuf.len;
+	int old_baselen = base->len;
 
 	while (tree_entry(tree, &entry)) {
 		int te_len = tree_entry_len(entry.path, entry.sha1);
-		pathbuf.len = len;
-		strbuf_add(&pathbuf, entry.path, te_len);
 
-		if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode))
-			/* Match "abc/" against pathspec to
-			 * decide if we want to descend into "abc"
-			 * directory.
-			 */
-			strbuf_addch(&pathbuf, '/');
+		if (matched != 2) {
+			matched = tree_entry_interesting(&entry, base, tn_len, pathspec);
+			if (matched == -1)
+				break; /* no more matches */
+			if (!matched)
+				continue;
+		}
 
-		down = pathbuf.buf + tn_len;
-		if (!pathspec_matches(paths, down, opt->max_depth))
-			;
-		else if (S_ISREG(entry.mode))
-			hit |= grep_sha1(opt, entry.sha1, pathbuf.buf, tn_len);
+		strbuf_add(base, entry.path, te_len);
+
+		if (S_ISREG(entry.mode)) {
+			hit |= grep_sha1(opt, entry.sha1, base->buf, tn_len);
+		}
 		else if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode)) {
 			enum object_type type;
 			struct tree_desc sub;
@@ -668,20 +561,23 @@
 
 			data = lock_and_read_sha1_file(entry.sha1, &type, &size);
 			if (!data)
-				die("unable to read tree (%s)",
+				die(_("unable to read tree (%s)"),
 				    sha1_to_hex(entry.sha1));
+
+			strbuf_addch(base, '/');
 			init_tree_desc(&sub, data, size);
-			hit |= grep_tree(opt, paths, &sub, tree_name, down);
+			hit |= grep_tree(opt, pathspec, &sub, base, tn_len);
 			free(data);
 		}
+		strbuf_setlen(base, old_baselen);
+
 		if (hit && opt->status_only)
 			break;
 	}
-	strbuf_release(&pathbuf);
 	return hit;
 }
 
-static int grep_object(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths,
+static int grep_object(struct grep_opt *opt, const struct pathspec *pathspec,
 		       struct object *obj, const char *name)
 {
 	if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB)
@@ -690,20 +586,30 @@
 		struct tree_desc tree;
 		void *data;
 		unsigned long size;
-		int hit;
+		struct strbuf base;
+		int hit, len;
+
 		data = read_object_with_reference(obj->sha1, tree_type,
 						  &size, NULL);
 		if (!data)
-			die("unable to read tree (%s)", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+			die(_("unable to read tree (%s)"), sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+
+		len = name ? strlen(name) : 0;
+		strbuf_init(&base, PATH_MAX + len + 1);
+		if (len) {
+			strbuf_add(&base, name, len);
+			strbuf_addch(&base, ':');
+		}
 		init_tree_desc(&tree, data, size);
-		hit = grep_tree(opt, paths, &tree, name, "");
+		hit = grep_tree(opt, pathspec, &tree, &base, base.len);
+		strbuf_release(&base);
 		free(data);
 		return hit;
 	}
-	die("unable to grep from object of type %s", typename(obj->type));
+	die(_("unable to grep from object of type %s"), typename(obj->type));
 }
 
-static int grep_objects(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths,
+static int grep_objects(struct grep_opt *opt, const struct pathspec *pathspec,
 			const struct object_array *list)
 {
 	unsigned int i;
@@ -713,7 +619,7 @@
 	for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
 		struct object *real_obj;
 		real_obj = deref_tag(list->objects[i].item, NULL, 0);
-		if (grep_object(opt, paths, real_obj, list->objects[i].name)) {
+		if (grep_object(opt, pathspec, real_obj, list->objects[i].name)) {
 			hit = 1;
 			if (opt->status_only)
 				break;
@@ -722,7 +628,7 @@
 	return hit;
 }
 
-static int grep_directory(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths)
+static int grep_directory(struct grep_opt *opt, const struct pathspec *pathspec)
 {
 	struct dir_struct dir;
 	int i, hit = 0;
@@ -730,8 +636,12 @@
 	memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
 	setup_standard_excludes(&dir);
 
-	fill_directory(&dir, paths);
+	fill_directory(&dir, pathspec->raw);
 	for (i = 0; i < dir.nr; i++) {
+		const char *name = dir.entries[i]->name;
+		int namelen = strlen(name);
+		if (!match_pathspec_depth(pathspec, name, namelen, 0, NULL))
+			continue;
 		hit |= grep_file(opt, dir.entries[i]->name);
 		if (hit && opt->status_only)
 			break;
@@ -752,7 +662,7 @@
 	}
 	value = strtol(arg, (char **)&endp, 10);
 	if (*endp) {
-		return error("switch `%c' expects a numerical value",
+		return error(_("switch `%c' expects a numerical value"),
 			     opt->short_name);
 	}
 	grep_opt->pre_context = grep_opt->post_context = value;
@@ -762,13 +672,14 @@
 static int file_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 {
 	struct grep_opt *grep_opt = opt->value;
+	int from_stdin = !strcmp(arg, "-");
 	FILE *patterns;
 	int lno = 0;
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	patterns = fopen(arg, "r");
+	patterns = from_stdin ? stdin : fopen(arg, "r");
 	if (!patterns)
-		die_errno("cannot open '%s'", arg);
+		die_errno(_("cannot open '%s'"), arg);
 	while (strbuf_getline(&sb, patterns, '\n') == 0) {
 		char *s;
 		size_t len;
@@ -780,7 +691,8 @@
 		s = strbuf_detach(&sb, &len);
 		append_grep_pat(grep_opt, s, len, arg, ++lno, GREP_PATTERN);
 	}
-	fclose(patterns);
+	if (!from_stdin)
+		fclose(patterns);
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -836,6 +748,7 @@
 	struct grep_opt opt;
 	struct object_array list = OBJECT_ARRAY_INIT;
 	const char **paths = NULL;
+	struct pathspec pathspec;
 	struct string_list path_list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 	int i;
 	int dummy;
@@ -869,7 +782,7 @@
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('F', "fixed-strings", &opt.fixed,
 			"interpret patterns as fixed strings"),
 		OPT_GROUP(""),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('n', NULL, &opt.linenum, "show line numbers"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "line-number", &opt.linenum, "show line numbers"),
 		OPT_NEGBIT('h', NULL, &opt.pathname, "don't show filenames", 1),
 		OPT_BIT('H', NULL, &opt.pathname, "show filenames", 1),
 		OPT_NEGBIT(0, "full-name", &opt.relative,
@@ -915,8 +828,8 @@
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, ')', NULL, &opt, NULL, "",
 		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NODASH,
 		  close_callback },
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('q', "quiet", &opt.status_only,
-			    "indicate hit with exit status without output"),
+		OPT__QUIET(&opt.status_only,
+			   "indicate hit with exit status without output"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "all-match", &opt.all_match,
 			"show only matches from files that match all patterns"),
 		OPT_GROUP(""),
@@ -1009,11 +922,11 @@
 	}
 
 	if (!opt.pattern_list)
-		die("no pattern given.");
+		die(_("no pattern given."));
 	if (!opt.fixed && opt.ignore_case)
 		opt.regflags |= REG_ICASE;
 	if ((opt.regflags != REG_NEWLINE) && opt.fixed)
-		die("cannot mix --fixed-strings and regexp");
+		die(_("cannot mix --fixed-strings and regexp"));
 
 #ifndef NO_PTHREADS
 	if (online_cpus() == 1 || !grep_threads_ok(&opt))
@@ -1038,7 +951,7 @@
 		if (!get_sha1(arg, sha1)) {
 			struct object *object = parse_object(sha1);
 			if (!object)
-				die("bad object %s", arg);
+				die(_("bad object %s"), arg);
 			add_object_array(object, arg, &list);
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -1063,9 +976,12 @@
 		paths[0] = prefix;
 		paths[1] = NULL;
 	}
+	init_pathspec(&pathspec, paths);
+	pathspec.max_depth = opt.max_depth;
+	pathspec.recursive = 1;
 
 	if (show_in_pager && (cached || list.nr))
-		die("--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree");
+		die(_("--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"));
 
 	if (show_in_pager && opt.pattern_list && !opt.pattern_list->next) {
 		const char *pager = path_list.items[0].string;
@@ -1090,19 +1006,19 @@
 
 	if (!use_index) {
 		if (cached)
-			die("--cached cannot be used with --no-index.");
+			die(_("--cached cannot be used with --no-index."));
 		if (list.nr)
-			die("--no-index cannot be used with revs.");
-		hit = grep_directory(&opt, paths);
+			die(_("--no-index cannot be used with revs."));
+		hit = grep_directory(&opt, &pathspec);
 	} else if (!list.nr) {
 		if (!cached)
 			setup_work_tree();
 
-		hit = grep_cache(&opt, paths, cached);
+		hit = grep_cache(&opt, &pathspec, cached);
 	} else {
 		if (cached)
-			die("both --cached and trees are given.");
-		hit = grep_objects(&opt, paths, &list);
+			die(_("both --cached and trees are given."));
+		hit = grep_objects(&opt, &pathspec, &list);
 	}
 
 	if (use_threads)
diff --git a/builtin/hash-object.c b/builtin/hash-object.c
index 080af1a..b96f46a 100644
--- a/builtin/hash-object.c
+++ b/builtin/hash-object.c
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
  * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
  * Copyright (C) Junio C Hamano, 2005
  */
-#include "cache.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 	struct stat st;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0 ||
-	    index_fd(sha1, fd, &st, write_object, type_from_string(type), path))
+	    index_fd(sha1, fd, &st, write_object, type_from_string(type), path, 1))
 		die(write_object
 		    ? "Unable to add %s to database"
 		    : "Unable to hash %s", path);
diff --git a/builtin/index-pack.c b/builtin/index-pack.c
index 8dc5c0b..31f001f 100644
--- a/builtin/index-pack.c
+++ b/builtin/index-pack.c
@@ -13,8 +13,7 @@
 static const char index_pack_usage[] =
 "git index-pack [-v] [-o <index-file>] [ --keep | --keep=<msg> ] [--strict] (<pack-file> | --stdin [--fix-thin] [<pack-file>])";
 
-struct object_entry
-{
+struct object_entry {
 	struct pack_idx_entry idx;
 	unsigned long size;
 	unsigned int hdr_size;
@@ -44,8 +43,7 @@
 #define FLAG_LINK (1u<<20)
 #define FLAG_CHECKED (1u<<21)
 
-struct delta_entry
-{
+struct delta_entry {
 	union delta_base base;
 	int obj_no;
 };
@@ -209,7 +207,7 @@
 static NORETURN void bad_object(unsigned long offset, const char *format,
 		       ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
 
-static void bad_object(unsigned long offset, const char *format, ...)
+static NORETURN void bad_object(unsigned long offset, const char *format, ...)
 {
 	va_list params;
 	char buf[1024];
@@ -296,7 +294,7 @@
 	void *data;
 
 	obj->idx.offset = consumed_bytes;
-	input_crc32 = crc32(0, Z_NULL, 0);
+	input_crc32 = crc32(0, NULL, 0);
 
 	p = fill(1);
 	c = *p;
diff --git a/builtin/init-db.c b/builtin/init-db.c
index 9d4886c..025aa47 100644
--- a/builtin/init-db.c
+++ b/builtin/init-db.c
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 static int init_is_bare_repository = 0;
 static int init_shared_repository = -1;
 static const char *init_db_template_dir;
+static const char *git_link;
 
 static void safe_create_dir(const char *dir, int share)
 {
@@ -31,7 +32,7 @@
 		}
 	}
 	else if (share && adjust_shared_perm(dir))
-		die("Could not make %s writable by group", dir);
+		die(_("Could not make %s writable by group"), dir);
 }
 
 static void copy_templates_1(char *path, int baselen,
@@ -58,25 +59,25 @@
 		namelen = strlen(de->d_name);
 		if ((PATH_MAX <= baselen + namelen) ||
 		    (PATH_MAX <= template_baselen + namelen))
-			die("insanely long template name %s", de->d_name);
+			die(_("insanely long template name %s"), de->d_name);
 		memcpy(path + baselen, de->d_name, namelen+1);
 		memcpy(template + template_baselen, de->d_name, namelen+1);
 		if (lstat(path, &st_git)) {
 			if (errno != ENOENT)
-				die_errno("cannot stat '%s'", path);
+				die_errno(_("cannot stat '%s'"), path);
 		}
 		else
 			exists = 1;
 
 		if (lstat(template, &st_template))
-			die_errno("cannot stat template '%s'", template);
+			die_errno(_("cannot stat template '%s'"), template);
 
 		if (S_ISDIR(st_template.st_mode)) {
 			DIR *subdir = opendir(template);
 			int baselen_sub = baselen + namelen;
 			int template_baselen_sub = template_baselen + namelen;
 			if (!subdir)
-				die_errno("cannot opendir '%s'", template);
+				die_errno(_("cannot opendir '%s'"), template);
 			path[baselen_sub++] =
 				template[template_baselen_sub++] = '/';
 			path[baselen_sub] =
@@ -93,20 +94,20 @@
 			int len;
 			len = readlink(template, lnk, sizeof(lnk));
 			if (len < 0)
-				die_errno("cannot readlink '%s'", template);
+				die_errno(_("cannot readlink '%s'"), template);
 			if (sizeof(lnk) <= len)
-				die("insanely long symlink %s", template);
+				die(_("insanely long symlink %s"), template);
 			lnk[len] = 0;
 			if (symlink(lnk, path))
-				die_errno("cannot symlink '%s' '%s'", lnk, path);
+				die_errno(_("cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"), lnk, path);
 		}
 		else if (S_ISREG(st_template.st_mode)) {
 			if (copy_file(path, template, st_template.st_mode))
-				die_errno("cannot copy '%s' to '%s'", template,
+				die_errno(_("cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"), template,
 					  path);
 		}
 		else
-			error("ignoring template %s", template);
+			error(_("ignoring template %s"), template);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -129,7 +130,7 @@
 		return;
 	template_len = strlen(template_dir);
 	if (PATH_MAX <= (template_len+strlen("/config")))
-		die("insanely long template path %s", template_dir);
+		die(_("insanely long template path %s"), template_dir);
 	strcpy(template_path, template_dir);
 	if (template_path[template_len-1] != '/') {
 		template_path[template_len++] = '/';
@@ -137,7 +138,7 @@
 	}
 	dir = opendir(template_path);
 	if (!dir) {
-		warning("templates not found %s", template_dir);
+		warning(_("templates not found %s"), template_dir);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -150,8 +151,8 @@
 
 	if (repository_format_version &&
 	    repository_format_version != GIT_REPO_VERSION) {
-		warning("not copying templates of "
-			"a wrong format version %d from '%s'",
+		warning(_("not copying templates of "
+			"a wrong format version %d from '%s'"),
 			repository_format_version,
 			template_dir);
 		closedir(dir);
@@ -188,7 +189,7 @@
 	int filemode;
 
 	if (len > sizeof(path)-50)
-		die("insane git directory %s", git_dir);
+		die(_("insane git directory %s"), git_dir);
 	memcpy(path, git_dir, len);
 
 	if (len && path[len-1] != '/')
@@ -311,11 +312,67 @@
 	free(path);
 }
 
+int set_git_dir_init(const char *git_dir, const char *real_git_dir,
+		     int exist_ok)
+{
+	if (real_git_dir) {
+		struct stat st;
+
+		if (!exist_ok && !stat(git_dir, &st))
+			die(_("%s already exists"), git_dir);
+
+		if (!exist_ok && !stat(real_git_dir, &st))
+			die(_("%s already exists"), real_git_dir);
+
+		/*
+		 * make sure symlinks are resolved because we'll be
+		 * moving the target repo later on in separate_git_dir()
+		 */
+		git_link = xstrdup(real_path(git_dir));
+	}
+	else {
+		real_git_dir = real_path(git_dir);
+		git_link = NULL;
+	}
+	set_git_dir(real_path(real_git_dir));
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void separate_git_dir(const char *git_dir)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	FILE *fp;
+
+	if (!stat(git_link, &st)) {
+		const char *src;
+
+		if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+			src = read_gitfile_gently(git_link);
+		else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
+			src = git_link;
+		else
+			die(_("unable to handle file type %d"), st.st_mode);
+
+		if (rename(src, git_dir))
+			die_errno(_("unable to move %s to %s"), src, git_dir);
+	}
+
+	fp = fopen(git_link, "w");
+	if (!fp)
+		die(_("Could not create git link %s"), git_link);
+	fprintf(fp, "gitdir: %s\n", git_dir);
+	fclose(fp);
+}
+
 int init_db(const char *template_dir, unsigned int flags)
 {
 	int reinit;
+	const char *git_dir = get_git_dir();
 
-	safe_create_dir(get_git_dir(), 0);
+	if (git_link)
+		separate_git_dir(git_dir);
+
+	safe_create_dir(git_dir, 0);
 
 	init_is_bare_repository = is_bare_repository();
 
@@ -352,11 +409,16 @@
 	}
 
 	if (!(flags & INIT_DB_QUIET)) {
-		const char *git_dir = get_git_dir();
 		int len = strlen(git_dir);
-		printf("%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n",
-		       reinit ? "Reinitialized existing" : "Initialized empty",
-		       shared_repository ? " shared" : "",
+
+		/*
+		 * TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
+		 * existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
+		 * "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name.
+		 */
+		printf(_("%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"),
+		       reinit ? _("Reinitialized existing") : _("Initialized empty"),
+		       shared_repository ? _(" shared") : "",
 		       git_dir, len && git_dir[len-1] != '/' ? "/" : "");
 	}
 
@@ -375,7 +437,7 @@
 	if (!strcmp(".", git_dir))
 		return 1;
 	if (!getcwd(cwd, sizeof(cwd)))
-		die_errno("cannot tell cwd");
+		die_errno(_("cannot tell cwd"));
 	if (!strcmp(git_dir, cwd))
 		return 1;
 	/*
@@ -414,11 +476,13 @@
 int cmd_init_db(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	const char *git_dir;
+	const char *real_git_dir = NULL;
+	const char *work_tree;
 	const char *template_dir = NULL;
 	unsigned int flags = 0;
 	const struct option init_db_options[] = {
 		OPT_STRING(0, "template", &template_dir, "template-directory",
-				"provide the directory from which templates will be used"),
+				"directory from which templates will be used"),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "bare", &is_bare_repository_cfg,
 				"create a bare repository", 1),
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "shared", &init_shared_repository,
@@ -426,11 +490,16 @@
 			"specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users",
 			PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, shared_callback, 0},
 		OPT_BIT('q', "quiet", &flags, "be quiet", INIT_DB_QUIET),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "separate-git-dir", &real_git_dir, "gitdir",
+			   "separate git dir from working tree"),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, init_db_options, init_db_usage, 0);
 
+	if (real_git_dir && !is_absolute_path(real_git_dir))
+		real_git_dir = xstrdup(real_path(real_git_dir));
+
 	if (argc == 1) {
 		int mkdir_tried = 0;
 	retry:
@@ -449,18 +518,18 @@
 					errno = EEXIST;
 					/* fallthru */
 				case -1:
-					die_errno("cannot mkdir %s", argv[0]);
+					die_errno(_("cannot mkdir %s"), argv[0]);
 					break;
 				default:
 					break;
 				}
 				shared_repository = saved;
 				if (mkdir(argv[0], 0777) < 0)
-					die_errno("cannot mkdir %s", argv[0]);
+					die_errno(_("cannot mkdir %s"), argv[0]);
 				mkdir_tried = 1;
 				goto retry;
 			}
-			die_errno("cannot chdir to %s", argv[0]);
+			die_errno(_("cannot chdir to %s"), argv[0]);
 		}
 	} else if (0 < argc) {
 		usage(init_db_usage[0]);
@@ -480,10 +549,10 @@
 	 * without --bare.  Catch the error early.
 	 */
 	git_dir = getenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
-	if ((!git_dir || is_bare_repository_cfg == 1)
-	    && getenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT))
-		die("%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without "
-		    "specifying %s (or --git-dir=<directory>)",
+	work_tree = getenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT);
+	if ((!git_dir || is_bare_repository_cfg == 1) && work_tree)
+		die(_("%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without "
+			  "specifying %s (or --git-dir=<directory>)"),
 		    GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT,
 		    GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
 
@@ -497,25 +566,31 @@
 		is_bare_repository_cfg = guess_repository_type(git_dir);
 
 	if (!is_bare_repository_cfg) {
-		if (git_dir) {
-			const char *git_dir_parent = strrchr(git_dir, '/');
-			if (git_dir_parent) {
-				char *rel = xstrndup(git_dir, git_dir_parent - git_dir);
-				git_work_tree_cfg = xstrdup(make_absolute_path(rel));
-				free(rel);
-			}
+		const char *git_dir_parent = strrchr(git_dir, '/');
+		if (git_dir_parent) {
+			char *rel = xstrndup(git_dir, git_dir_parent - git_dir);
+			git_work_tree_cfg = xstrdup(real_path(rel));
+			free(rel);
 		}
 		if (!git_work_tree_cfg) {
 			git_work_tree_cfg = xcalloc(PATH_MAX, 1);
 			if (!getcwd(git_work_tree_cfg, PATH_MAX))
-				die_errno ("Cannot access current working directory");
+				die_errno (_("Cannot access current working directory"));
 		}
+		if (work_tree)
+			set_git_work_tree(real_path(work_tree));
+		else
+			set_git_work_tree(git_work_tree_cfg);
 		if (access(get_git_work_tree(), X_OK))
-			die_errno ("Cannot access work tree '%s'",
+			die_errno (_("Cannot access work tree '%s'"),
 				   get_git_work_tree());
 	}
+	else {
+		if (work_tree)
+			set_git_work_tree(real_path(work_tree));
+	}
 
-	set_git_dir(make_absolute_path(git_dir));
+	set_git_dir_init(git_dir, real_git_dir, 1);
 
 	return init_db(template_dir, flags);
 }
diff --git a/builtin/log.c b/builtin/log.c
index 22d1290..55abe07 100644
--- a/builtin/log.c
+++ b/builtin/log.c
@@ -49,13 +49,8 @@
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static void cmd_log_init(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
-			 struct rev_info *rev, struct setup_revision_opt *opt)
+static void cmd_log_init_defaults(struct rev_info *rev)
 {
-	int i;
-	int decoration_given = 0;
-	struct userformat_want w;
-
 	rev->abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
 	rev->commit_format = CMIT_FMT_DEFAULT;
 	if (fmt_pretty)
@@ -68,7 +63,14 @@
 
 	if (default_date_mode)
 		rev->date_mode = parse_date_format(default_date_mode);
+}
 
+static void cmd_log_init_finish(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
+			 struct rev_info *rev, struct setup_revision_opt *opt)
+{
+	int i;
+	int decoration_given = 0;
+	struct userformat_want w;
 	/*
 	 * Check for -h before setup_revisions(), or "git log -h" will
 	 * fail when run without a git directory.
@@ -89,7 +91,7 @@
 		rev->always_show_header = 0;
 	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(&rev->diffopt, FOLLOW_RENAMES)) {
 		rev->always_show_header = 0;
-		if (rev->diffopt.nr_paths != 1)
+		if (rev->diffopt.pathspec.nr != 1)
 			usage("git logs can only follow renames on one pathname at a time");
 	}
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
@@ -101,7 +103,7 @@
 			const char *v = skip_prefix(arg, "--decorate=");
 			decoration_style = parse_decoration_style(arg, v);
 			if (decoration_style < 0)
-				die("invalid --decorate option: %s", arg);
+				die(_("invalid --decorate option: %s"), arg);
 			decoration_given = 1;
 		} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-decorate")) {
 			decoration_style = 0;
@@ -110,7 +112,7 @@
 		} else if (!strcmp(arg, "-h")) {
 			usage(builtin_log_usage);
 		} else
-			die("unrecognized argument: %s", arg);
+			die(_("unrecognized argument: %s"), arg);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -128,6 +130,13 @@
 	setup_pager();
 }
 
+static void cmd_log_init(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
+			 struct rev_info *rev, struct setup_revision_opt *opt)
+{
+	cmd_log_init_defaults(rev);
+	cmd_log_init_finish(argc, argv, prefix, rev, opt);
+}
+
 /*
  * This gives a rough estimate for how many commits we
  * will print out in the list.
@@ -153,7 +162,7 @@
 		if (rev->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
 			putchar(rev->diffopt.line_termination);
 	}
-	printf("Final output: %d %s\n", nr, stage);
+	printf(_("Final output: %d %s\n"), nr, stage);
 }
 
 static struct itimerval early_output_timer;
@@ -247,12 +256,14 @@
 static int cmd_log_walk(struct rev_info *rev)
 {
 	struct commit *commit;
+	int saved_nrl = 0;
+	int saved_dcctc = 0;
 
 	if (rev->early_output)
 		setup_early_output(rev);
 
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(rev))
-		die("revision walk setup failed");
+		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
 
 	if (rev->early_output)
 		finish_early_output(rev);
@@ -263,7 +274,13 @@
 	 * retain that state information if replacing rev->diffopt in this loop
 	 */
 	while ((commit = get_revision(rev)) != NULL) {
-		log_tree_commit(rev, commit);
+		if (!log_tree_commit(rev, commit) &&
+		    rev->max_count >= 0)
+			/*
+			 * We decremented max_count in get_revision,
+			 * but we didn't actually show the commit.
+			 */
+			rev->max_count++;
 		if (!rev->reflog_info) {
 			/* we allow cycles in reflog ancestry */
 			free(commit->buffer);
@@ -271,7 +288,14 @@
 		}
 		free_commit_list(commit->parents);
 		commit->parents = NULL;
+		if (saved_nrl < rev->diffopt.needed_rename_limit)
+			saved_nrl = rev->diffopt.needed_rename_limit;
+		if (rev->diffopt.degraded_cc_to_c)
+			saved_dcctc = 1;
 	}
+	rev->diffopt.degraded_cc_to_c = saved_dcctc;
+	rev->diffopt.needed_rename_limit = saved_nrl;
+
 	if (rev->diffopt.output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_CHECKDIFF &&
 	    DIFF_OPT_TST(&rev->diffopt, CHECK_FAILED)) {
 		return 02;
@@ -329,8 +353,7 @@
 	struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	pp_user_info("Tagger", rev->commit_format, &out, buf, rev->date_mode,
-		git_log_output_encoding ?
-		git_log_output_encoding: git_commit_encoding);
+		get_log_output_encoding());
 	printf("%s", out.buf);
 	strbuf_release(&out);
 }
@@ -344,7 +367,7 @@
 	int offset = 0;
 
 	if (!buf)
-		return error("Could not read object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		return error(_("Could not read object %s"), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 
 	if (show_tag_object)
 		while (offset < size && buf[offset] != '\n') {
@@ -431,7 +454,7 @@
 				break;
 			o = parse_object(t->tagged->sha1);
 			if (!o)
-				ret = error("Could not read object %s",
+				ret = error(_("Could not read object %s"),
 					    sha1_to_hex(t->tagged->sha1));
 			objects[i].item = o;
 			i--;
@@ -455,7 +478,7 @@
 			ret = cmd_log_walk(&rev);
 			break;
 		default:
-			ret = error("Unknown type: %d", o->type);
+			ret = error(_("Unknown type: %d"), o->type);
 		}
 	}
 	free(objects);
@@ -481,16 +504,11 @@
 	rev.verbose_header = 1;
 	memset(&opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
 	opt.def = "HEAD";
-	cmd_log_init(argc, argv, prefix, &rev, &opt);
-
-	/*
-	 * This means that we override whatever commit format the user gave
-	 * on the cmd line.  Sad, but cmd_log_init() currently doesn't
-	 * allow us to set a different default.
-	 */
+	cmd_log_init_defaults(&rev);
 	rev.commit_format = CMIT_FMT_ONELINE;
 	rev.use_terminator = 1;
 	rev.always_show_header = 1;
+	cmd_log_init_finish(argc, argv, prefix, &rev, &opt);
 
 	return cmd_log_walk(&rev);
 }
@@ -555,7 +573,7 @@
 {
 	if (!strcmp(var, "format.headers")) {
 		if (!value)
-			die("format.headers without value");
+			die(_("format.headers without value"));
 		add_header(value);
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -618,7 +636,7 @@
 static const char *output_directory = NULL;
 static int outdir_offset;
 
-static int reopen_stdout(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *rev)
+static int reopen_stdout(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *rev, int quiet)
 {
 	struct strbuf filename = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int suffix_len = strlen(fmt_patch_suffix) + 1;
@@ -627,18 +645,18 @@
 		strbuf_addstr(&filename, output_directory);
 		if (filename.len >=
 		    PATH_MAX - FORMAT_PATCH_NAME_MAX - suffix_len)
-			return error("name of output directory is too long");
+			return error(_("name of output directory is too long"));
 		if (filename.buf[filename.len - 1] != '/')
 			strbuf_addch(&filename, '/');
 	}
 
 	get_patch_filename(commit, rev->nr, fmt_patch_suffix, &filename);
 
-	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(&rev->diffopt, QUICK))
+	if (!quiet)
 		fprintf(realstdout, "%s\n", filename.buf + outdir_offset);
 
 	if (freopen(filename.buf, "w", stdout) == NULL)
-		return error("Cannot open patch file %s", filename.buf);
+		return error(_("Cannot open patch file %s"), filename.buf);
 
 	strbuf_release(&filename);
 	return 0;
@@ -652,7 +670,7 @@
 	unsigned flags1, flags2;
 
 	if (rev->pending.nr != 2)
-		die("Need exactly one range.");
+		die(_("Need exactly one range."));
 
 	o1 = rev->pending.objects[0].item;
 	flags1 = o1->flags;
@@ -660,7 +678,7 @@
 	flags2 = o2->flags;
 
 	if ((flags1 & UNINTERESTING) == (flags2 & UNINTERESTING))
-		die("Not a range.");
+		die(_("Not a range."));
 
 	init_patch_ids(ids);
 
@@ -671,7 +689,7 @@
 	add_pending_object(&check_rev, o1, "o1");
 	add_pending_object(&check_rev, o2, "o2");
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&check_rev))
-		die("revision walk setup failed");
+		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
 
 	while ((commit = get_revision(&check_rev)) != NULL) {
 		/* ignore merges */
@@ -697,7 +715,7 @@
 	const char *email_end = strrchr(committer, '>');
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	if (!email_start || !email_end || email_start > email_end - 1)
-		die("Could not extract email from committer identity.");
+		die(_("Could not extract email from committer identity."));
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s.%lu.git.%.*s", base,
 		    (unsigned long) time(NULL),
 		    (int)(email_end - email_start - 1), email_start + 1);
@@ -713,7 +731,8 @@
 static void make_cover_letter(struct rev_info *rev, int use_stdout,
 			      int numbered, int numbered_files,
 			      struct commit *origin,
-			      int nr, struct commit **list, struct commit *head)
+			      int nr, struct commit **list, struct commit *head,
+			      int quiet)
 {
 	const char *committer;
 	const char *subject_start = NULL;
@@ -729,7 +748,7 @@
 	struct commit *commit = NULL;
 
 	if (rev->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_EMAIL)
-		die("Cover letter needs email format");
+		die(_("Cover letter needs email format"));
 
 	committer = git_committer_info(0);
 
@@ -749,7 +768,7 @@
 			sha1_to_hex(head->object.sha1), committer, committer);
 	}
 
-	if (!use_stdout && reopen_stdout(commit, rev))
+	if (!use_stdout && reopen_stdout(commit, rev, quiet))
 		return;
 
 	if (commit) {
@@ -822,7 +841,7 @@
 		m++;
 	}
 	if (!z)
-		die("insane in-reply-to: %s", msg_id);
+		die(_("insane in-reply-to: %s"), msg_id);
 	if (++z == m)
 		return a;
 	return xmemdupz(a, z - a);
@@ -895,7 +914,7 @@
 {
 	const char **dir = (const char **)opt->value;
 	if (*dir)
-		die("Two output directories?");
+		die(_("Two output directories?"));
 	*dir = arg;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -990,6 +1009,7 @@
 	char *add_signoff = NULL;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int use_patch_format = 0;
+	int quiet = 0;
 	const struct option builtin_format_patch_options[] = {
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'n', "numbered", &numbered, NULL,
 			    "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch",
@@ -1045,6 +1065,8 @@
 			    PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, thread_callback },
 		OPT_STRING(0, "signature", &signature, "signature",
 			    "add a signature"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "quiet", &quiet,
+			    "don't print the patch filenames"),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -1056,7 +1078,7 @@
 	rev.commit_format = CMIT_FMT_EMAIL;
 	rev.verbose_header = 1;
 	rev.diff = 1;
-	rev.no_merges = 1;
+	rev.max_parents = 1;
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, RECURSIVE);
 	rev.subject_prefix = fmt_patch_subject_prefix;
 	memset(&s_r_opt, 0, sizeof(s_r_opt));
@@ -1083,7 +1105,7 @@
 		committer = git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME);
 		endpos = strchr(committer, '>');
 		if (!endpos)
-			die("bogus committer info %s", committer);
+			die(_("bogus committer info %s"), committer);
 		add_signoff = xmemdupz(committer, endpos - committer + 1);
 	}
 
@@ -1128,20 +1150,20 @@
 		numbered = 0;
 
 	if (numbered && keep_subject)
-		die ("-n and -k are mutually exclusive.");
+		die (_("-n and -k are mutually exclusive."));
 	if (keep_subject && subject_prefix)
-		die ("--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive.");
+		die (_("--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."));
 
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, &s_r_opt);
 	if (argc > 1)
-		die ("unrecognized argument: %s", argv[1]);
+		die (_("unrecognized argument: %s"), argv[1]);
 
 	if (rev.diffopt.output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_NAME)
-		die("--name-only does not make sense");
+		die(_("--name-only does not make sense"));
 	if (rev.diffopt.output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_NAME_STATUS)
-		die("--name-status does not make sense");
+		die(_("--name-status does not make sense"));
 	if (rev.diffopt.output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_CHECKDIFF)
-		die("--check does not make sense");
+		die(_("--check does not make sense"));
 
 	if (!use_patch_format &&
 		(!rev.diffopt.output_format ||
@@ -1159,12 +1181,14 @@
 
 	if (!use_stdout)
 		output_directory = set_outdir(prefix, output_directory);
+	else
+		setup_pager();
 
 	if (output_directory) {
 		if (use_stdout)
-			die("standard output, or directory, which one?");
+			die(_("standard output, or directory, which one?"));
 		if (mkdir(output_directory, 0777) < 0 && errno != EEXIST)
-			die_errno("Could not create directory '%s'",
+			die_errno(_("Could not create directory '%s'"),
 				  output_directory);
 	}
 
@@ -1218,7 +1242,7 @@
 		realstdout = xfdopen(xdup(1), "w");
 
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&rev))
-		die("revision walk setup failed");
+		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
 	rev.boundary = 1;
 	while ((commit = get_revision(&rev)) != NULL) {
 		if (commit->object.flags & BOUNDARY) {
@@ -1252,7 +1276,7 @@
 		if (thread)
 			gen_message_id(&rev, "cover");
 		make_cover_letter(&rev, use_stdout, numbered, numbered_files,
-				  origin, nr, list, head);
+				  origin, nr, list, head, quiet);
 		total++;
 		start_number--;
 	}
@@ -1298,8 +1322,8 @@
 		}
 
 		if (!use_stdout && reopen_stdout(numbered_files ? NULL : commit,
-						 &rev))
-			die("Failed to create output files");
+						 &rev, quiet))
+			die(_("Failed to create output files"));
 		shown = log_tree_commit(&rev, commit);
 		free(commit->buffer);
 		commit->buffer = NULL;
@@ -1351,6 +1375,23 @@
 	NULL
 };
 
+static void print_commit(char sign, struct commit *commit, int verbose,
+			 int abbrev)
+{
+	if (!verbose) {
+		printf("%c %s\n", sign,
+		       find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, abbrev));
+	} else {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
+		pretty_print_commit(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit, &buf, &ctx);
+		printf("%c %s %s\n", sign,
+		       find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, abbrev),
+		       buf.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+	}
+}
+
 int cmd_cherry(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct rev_info revs;
@@ -1365,7 +1406,7 @@
 
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
-		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "be verbose"),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -1386,9 +1427,9 @@
 		if (!current_branch || !current_branch->merge
 					|| !current_branch->merge[0]
 					|| !current_branch->merge[0]->dst) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "Could not find a tracked"
+			fprintf(stderr, _("Could not find a tracked"
 					" remote branch, please"
-					" specify <upstream> manually.\n");
+					" specify <upstream> manually.\n"));
 			usage_with_options(cherry_usage, options);
 		}
 
@@ -1402,9 +1443,9 @@
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs.diffopt, RECURSIVE);
 
 	if (add_pending_commit(head, &revs, 0))
-		die("Unknown commit %s", head);
+		die(_("Unknown commit %s"), head);
 	if (add_pending_commit(upstream, &revs, UNINTERESTING))
-		die("Unknown commit %s", upstream);
+		die(_("Unknown commit %s"), upstream);
 
 	/* Don't say anything if head and upstream are the same. */
 	if (revs.pending.nr == 2) {
@@ -1416,11 +1457,11 @@
 	get_patch_ids(&revs, &ids, prefix);
 
 	if (limit && add_pending_commit(limit, &revs, UNINTERESTING))
-		die("Unknown commit %s", limit);
+		die(_("Unknown commit %s"), limit);
 
 	/* reverse the list of commits */
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
-		die("revision walk setup failed");
+		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
 	while ((commit = get_revision(&revs)) != NULL) {
 		/* ignore merges */
 		if (commit->parents && commit->parents->next)
@@ -1435,22 +1476,7 @@
 		commit = list->item;
 		if (has_commit_patch_id(commit, &ids))
 			sign = '-';
-
-		if (verbose) {
-			struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-			struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
-			pretty_print_commit(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit,
-					    &buf, &ctx);
-			printf("%c %s %s\n", sign,
-			       find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, abbrev),
-			       buf.buf);
-			strbuf_release(&buf);
-		}
-		else {
-			printf("%c %s\n", sign,
-			       find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, abbrev));
-		}
-
+		print_commit(sign, commit, verbose, abbrev);
 		list = list->next;
 	}
 
diff --git a/builtin/ls-files.c b/builtin/ls-files.c
index 6a307ab..fb2d5f4 100644
--- a/builtin/ls-files.c
+++ b/builtin/ls-files.c
@@ -530,6 +530,9 @@
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage_with_options(ls_files_usage, builtin_ls_files_options);
+
 	memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
 	prefix = cmd_prefix;
 	if (prefix)
diff --git a/builtin/ls-remote.c b/builtin/ls-remote.c
index 97eed40..1a1ff87 100644
--- a/builtin/ls-remote.c
+++ b/builtin/ls-remote.c
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 	int i;
 	const char *dest = NULL;
 	unsigned flags = 0;
+	int get_url = 0;
 	int quiet = 0;
 	const char *uploadpack = NULL;
 	const char **pattern = NULL;
@@ -69,6 +70,10 @@
 				quiet = 1;
 				continue;
 			}
+			if (!strcmp("--get-url", arg)) {
+				get_url = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
 			usage(ls_remote_usage);
 		}
 		dest = arg;
@@ -94,6 +99,12 @@
 	}
 	if (!remote->url_nr)
 		die("remote %s has no configured URL", dest);
+
+	if (get_url) {
+		printf("%s\n", *remote->url);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	transport = transport_get(remote, NULL);
 	if (uploadpack != NULL)
 		transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_UPLOADPACK, uploadpack);
diff --git a/builtin/mailinfo.c b/builtin/mailinfo.c
index 2320d98..71e6262 100644
--- a/builtin/mailinfo.c
+++ b/builtin/mailinfo.c
@@ -1032,7 +1032,7 @@
 	 */
 	git_config(git_mailinfo_config, NULL);
 
-	def_charset = (git_commit_encoding ? git_commit_encoding : "UTF-8");
+	def_charset = get_commit_output_encoding();
 	metainfo_charset = def_charset;
 
 	while (1 < argc && argv[1][0] == '-') {
diff --git a/builtin/merge-base.c b/builtin/merge-base.c
index 96dd160..4f30f1b 100644
--- a/builtin/merge-base.c
+++ b/builtin/merge-base.c
@@ -23,7 +23,8 @@
 }
 
 static const char * const merge_base_usage[] = {
-	"git merge-base [-a|--all] [--octopus] <commit> <commit>...",
+	"git merge-base [-a|--all] <commit> <commit>...",
+	"git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <commit>...",
 	"git merge-base --independent <commit>...",
 	NULL
 };
diff --git a/builtin/merge-file.c b/builtin/merge-file.c
index b6664d4..237abd3 100644
--- a/builtin/merge-file.c
+++ b/builtin/merge-file.c
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 	xmparam_t xmp = {{0}};
 	int ret = 0, i = 0, to_stdout = 0;
 	int quiet = 0;
+	int prefixlen = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "stdout", &to_stdout, "send results to standard output"),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "diff3", &xmp.style, "use a diff3 based merge", XDL_MERGE_DIFF3),
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@
 			    XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_UNION),
 		OPT_INTEGER(0, "marker-size", &xmp.marker_size,
 			    "for conflicts, use this marker size"),
-		OPT__QUIET(&quiet),
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, "do not warn about conflicts"),
 		OPT_CALLBACK('L', NULL, names, "name",
 			     "set labels for file1/orig_file/file2", &label_cb),
 		OPT_END(),
@@ -65,10 +66,14 @@
 				     "%s\n", strerror(errno));
 	}
 
+	if (prefix)
+		prefixlen = strlen(prefix);
+
 	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+		const char *fname = prefix_filename(prefix, prefixlen, argv[i]);
 		if (!names[i])
 			names[i] = argv[i];
-		if (read_mmfile(mmfs + i, argv[i]))
+		if (read_mmfile(mmfs + i, fname))
 			return -1;
 		if (buffer_is_binary(mmfs[i].ptr, mmfs[i].size))
 			return error("Cannot merge binary files: %s\n",
diff --git a/builtin/merge-index.c b/builtin/merge-index.c
index 2c4cf5e..2338832 100644
--- a/builtin/merge-index.c
+++ b/builtin/merge-index.c
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-#include "cache.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 static const char *pgm;
 static int one_shot, quiet;
diff --git a/builtin/merge-recursive.c b/builtin/merge-recursive.c
index c33091b..3a64f5d 100644
--- a/builtin/merge-recursive.c
+++ b/builtin/merge-recursive.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#include "cache.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "merge-recursive.h"
diff --git a/builtin/merge-tree.c b/builtin/merge-tree.c
index 9b25ddc..1991742 100644
--- a/builtin/merge-tree.c
+++ b/builtin/merge-tree.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#include "cache.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
 #include "blob.h"
diff --git a/builtin/merge.c b/builtin/merge.c
index 10f091b..24445f4 100644
--- a/builtin/merge.c
+++ b/builtin/merge.c
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include "help.h"
 #include "merge-recursive.h"
 #include "resolve-undo.h"
+#include "remote.h"
 
 #define DEFAULT_TWOHEAD (1<<0)
 #define DEFAULT_OCTOPUS (1<<1)
@@ -37,8 +38,9 @@
 };
 
 static const char * const builtin_merge_usage[] = {
-	"git merge [options] <remote>...",
-	"git merge [options] <msg> HEAD <remote>",
+	"git merge [options] [<commit>...]",
+	"git merge [options] <msg> HEAD <commit>",
+	"git merge --abort",
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -54,9 +56,13 @@
 static const char **xopts;
 static size_t xopts_nr, xopts_alloc;
 static const char *branch;
+static char *branch_mergeoptions;
 static int option_renormalize;
 static int verbosity;
 static int allow_rerere_auto;
+static int abort_current_merge;
+static int show_progress = -1;
+static int default_to_upstream;
 
 static struct strategy all_strategy[] = {
 	{ "recursive",  DEFAULT_TWOHEAD | NO_TRIVIAL },
@@ -79,7 +85,7 @@
 		strbuf_addf(buf, "%s%s", buf->len ? "\n\n" : "", arg);
 		have_message = 1;
 	} else
-		return error("switch `m' requires a value");
+		return error(_("switch `m' requires a value"));
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -116,13 +122,13 @@
 		exclude_cmds(&main_cmds, &not_strategies);
 	}
 	if (!is_in_cmdlist(&main_cmds, name) && !is_in_cmdlist(&other_cmds, name)) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n", name);
-		fprintf(stderr, "Available strategies are:");
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"), name);
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Available strategies are:"));
 		for (i = 0; i < main_cmds.cnt; i++)
 			fprintf(stderr, " %s", main_cmds.names[i]->name);
 		fprintf(stderr, ".\n");
 		if (other_cmds.cnt) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "Available custom strategies are:");
+			fprintf(stderr, _("Available custom strategies are:"));
 			for (i = 0; i < other_cmds.cnt; i++)
 				fprintf(stderr, " %s", other_cmds.names[i]->name);
 			fprintf(stderr, ".\n");
@@ -194,9 +200,12 @@
 	OPT_CALLBACK('X', "strategy-option", &xopts, "option=value",
 		"option for selected merge strategy", option_parse_x),
 	OPT_CALLBACK('m', "message", &merge_msg, "message",
-		"message to be used for the merge commit (if any)",
+		"merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)",
 		option_parse_message),
 	OPT__VERBOSITY(&verbosity),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "abort", &abort_current_merge,
+		"abort the current in-progress merge"),
+	OPT_SET_INT(0, "progress", &show_progress, "force progress reporting", 1),
 	OPT_END()
 };
 
@@ -221,17 +230,35 @@
 	cp.git_cmd = 1;
 
 	if (start_command(&cp))
-		die("could not run stash.");
+		die(_("could not run stash."));
 	len = strbuf_read(&buffer, cp.out, 1024);
 	close(cp.out);
 
 	if (finish_command(&cp) || len < 0)
-		die("stash failed");
+		die(_("stash failed"));
 	else if (!len)
 		return;
 	strbuf_setlen(&buffer, buffer.len-1);
 	if (get_sha1(buffer.buf, stash))
-		die("not a valid object: %s", buffer.buf);
+		die(_("not a valid object: %s"), buffer.buf);
+}
+
+static void read_empty(unsigned const char *sha1, int verbose)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	const char *args[7];
+
+	args[i++] = "read-tree";
+	if (verbose)
+		args[i++] = "-v";
+	args[i++] = "-m";
+	args[i++] = "-u";
+	args[i++] = EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX;
+	args[i++] = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
+	args[i] = NULL;
+
+	if (run_command_v_opt(args, RUN_GIT_CMD))
+		die(_("read-tree failed"));
 }
 
 static void reset_hard(unsigned const char *sha1, int verbose)
@@ -248,7 +275,7 @@
 	args[i] = NULL;
 
 	if (run_command_v_opt(args, RUN_GIT_CMD))
-		die("read-tree failed");
+		die(_("read-tree failed"));
 }
 
 static void restore_state(void)
@@ -277,7 +304,7 @@
 static void finish_up_to_date(const char *msg)
 {
 	if (verbosity >= 0)
-		printf("%s%s\n", squash ? " (nothing to squash)" : "", msg);
+		printf("%s%s\n", squash ? _(" (nothing to squash)") : "", msg);
 	drop_save();
 }
 
@@ -290,10 +317,10 @@
 	int fd;
 	struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
 
-	printf("Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n");
+	printf(_("Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"));
 	fd = open(git_path("SQUASH_MSG"), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
 	if (fd < 0)
-		die_errno("Could not write to '%s'", git_path("SQUASH_MSG"));
+		die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), git_path("SQUASH_MSG"));
 
 	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
 	rev.ignore_merges = 1;
@@ -308,7 +335,7 @@
 
 	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, NULL);
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&rev))
-		die("revision walk setup failed");
+		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
 
 	ctx.abbrev = rev.abbrev;
 	ctx.date_mode = rev.date_mode;
@@ -321,9 +348,9 @@
 		pretty_print_commit(rev.commit_format, commit, &out, &ctx);
 	}
 	if (write(fd, out.buf, out.len) < 0)
-		die_errno("Writing SQUASH_MSG");
+		die_errno(_("Writing SQUASH_MSG"));
 	if (close(fd))
-		die_errno("Finishing SQUASH_MSG");
+		die_errno(_("Finishing SQUASH_MSG"));
 	strbuf_release(&out);
 }
 
@@ -343,7 +370,7 @@
 		squash_message();
 	} else {
 		if (verbosity >= 0 && !merge_msg.len)
-			printf("No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n");
+			printf(_("No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"));
 		else {
 			const char *argv_gc_auto[] = { "gc", "--auto", NULL };
 			update_ref(reflog_message.buf, "HEAD",
@@ -365,7 +392,7 @@
 		if (diff_use_color_default > 0)
 			DIFF_OPT_SET(&opts, COLOR_DIFF);
 		if (diff_setup_done(&opts) < 0)
-			die("diff_setup_done failed");
+			die(_("diff_setup_done failed"));
 		diff_tree_sha1(head, new_head, "", &opts);
 		diffcore_std(&opts);
 		diff_flush(&opts);
@@ -394,7 +421,7 @@
 	memset(branch_head, 0, sizeof(branch_head));
 	remote_head = peel_to_type(remote, 0, NULL, OBJ_COMMIT);
 	if (!remote_head)
-		die("'%s' does not point to a commit", remote);
+		die(_("'%s' does not point to a commit"), remote);
 
 	if (dwim_ref(remote, strlen(remote), branch_head, &found_ref) > 0) {
 		if (!prefixcmp(found_ref, "refs/heads/")) {
@@ -403,7 +430,7 @@
 			goto cleanup;
 		}
 		if (!prefixcmp(found_ref, "refs/remotes/")) {
-			strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\tremote branch '%s' of .\n",
+			strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\tremote-tracking branch '%s' of .\n",
 				    sha1_to_hex(branch_head), remote);
 			goto cleanup;
 		}
@@ -459,7 +486,7 @@
 
 		fp = fopen(git_path("FETCH_HEAD"), "r");
 		if (!fp)
-			die_errno("could not open '%s' for reading",
+			die_errno(_("could not open '%s' for reading"),
 				  git_path("FETCH_HEAD"));
 		strbuf_getline(&line, fp, '\n');
 		fclose(fp);
@@ -477,26 +504,34 @@
 	strbuf_release(&bname);
 }
 
+static void parse_branch_merge_options(char *bmo)
+{
+	const char **argv;
+	int argc;
+
+	if (!bmo)
+		return;
+	argc = split_cmdline(bmo, &argv);
+	if (argc < 0)
+		die(_("Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"), branch,
+		    split_cmdline_strerror(argc));
+	argv = xrealloc(argv, sizeof(*argv) * (argc + 2));
+	memmove(argv + 1, argv, sizeof(*argv) * (argc + 1));
+	argc++;
+	argv[0] = "branch.*.mergeoptions";
+	parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, builtin_merge_options,
+		      builtin_merge_usage, 0);
+	free(argv);
+}
+
 static int git_merge_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 {
 	if (branch && !prefixcmp(k, "branch.") &&
 		!prefixcmp(k + 7, branch) &&
 		!strcmp(k + 7 + strlen(branch), ".mergeoptions")) {
-		const char **argv;
-		int argc;
-		char *buf;
-
-		buf = xstrdup(v);
-		argc = split_cmdline(buf, &argv);
-		if (argc < 0)
-			die("Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s", branch,
-			    split_cmdline_strerror(argc));
-		argv = xrealloc(argv, sizeof(*argv) * (argc + 2));
-		memmove(argv + 1, argv, sizeof(*argv) * (argc + 1));
-		argc++;
-		parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, builtin_merge_options,
-			      builtin_merge_usage, 0);
-		free(buf);
+		free(branch_mergeoptions);
+		branch_mergeoptions = xstrdup(v);
+		return 0;
 	}
 
 	if (!strcmp(k, "merge.diffstat") || !strcmp(k, "merge.stat"))
@@ -511,10 +546,13 @@
 		int is_bool;
 		shortlog_len = git_config_bool_or_int(k, v, &is_bool);
 		if (!is_bool && shortlog_len < 0)
-			return error("%s: negative length %s", k, v);
+			return error(_("%s: negative length %s"), k, v);
 		if (is_bool && shortlog_len)
 			shortlog_len = DEFAULT_MERGE_LOG_LEN;
 		return 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(k, "merge.defaulttoupstream")) {
+		default_to_upstream = git_config_bool(k, v);
+		return 0;
 	}
 	return git_diff_ui_config(k, v, cb);
 }
@@ -558,10 +596,19 @@
 static void write_tree_trivial(unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	if (write_cache_as_tree(sha1, 0, NULL))
-		die("git write-tree failed to write a tree");
+		die(_("git write-tree failed to write a tree"));
 }
 
-int try_merge_command(const char *strategy, struct commit_list *common,
+static const char *merge_argument(struct commit *commit)
+{
+	if (commit)
+		return sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1);
+	else
+		return EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX;
+}
+
+int try_merge_command(const char *strategy, size_t xopts_nr,
+		      const char **xopts, struct commit_list *common,
 		      const char *head_arg, struct commit_list *remotes)
 {
 	const char **args;
@@ -580,11 +627,11 @@
 		args[i++] = s;
 	}
 	for (j = common; j; j = j->next)
-		args[i++] = xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(j->item->object.sha1));
+		args[i++] = xstrdup(merge_argument(j->item));
 	args[i++] = "--";
 	args[i++] = head_arg;
 	for (j = remotes; j; j = j->next)
-		args[i++] = xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(j->item->object.sha1));
+		args[i++] = xstrdup(merge_argument(j->item));
 	args[i] = NULL;
 	ret = run_command_v_opt(args, RUN_GIT_CMD);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
@@ -599,7 +646,7 @@
 	free(args);
 	discard_cache();
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		die("failed to read the cache");
+		die(_("failed to read the cache"));
 	resolve_undo_clear();
 
 	return ret;
@@ -616,7 +663,7 @@
 	if (active_cache_changed &&
 			(write_cache(index_fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 			 commit_locked_index(lock)))
-		return error("Unable to write index.");
+		return error(_("Unable to write index."));
 	rollback_lock_file(lock);
 
 	if (!strcmp(strategy, "recursive") || !strcmp(strategy, "subtree")) {
@@ -629,7 +676,7 @@
 		struct commit_list *j;
 
 		if (remoteheads->next) {
-			error("Not handling anything other than two heads merge.");
+			error(_("Not handling anything other than two heads merge."));
 			return 2;
 		}
 
@@ -638,10 +685,12 @@
 			o.subtree_shift = "";
 
 		o.renormalize = option_renormalize;
+		o.show_rename_progress =
+			show_progress == -1 ? isatty(2) : show_progress;
 
 		for (x = 0; x < xopts_nr; x++)
 			if (parse_merge_opt(&o, xopts[x]))
-				die("Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s", xopts[x]);
+				die(_("Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"), xopts[x]);
 
 		o.branch1 = head_arg;
 		o.branch2 = remoteheads->item->util;
@@ -655,11 +704,12 @@
 		if (active_cache_changed &&
 				(write_cache(index_fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 				 commit_locked_index(lock)))
-			die ("unable to write %s", get_index_file());
+			die (_("unable to write %s"), get_index_file());
 		rollback_lock_file(lock);
 		return clean ? 0 : 1;
 	} else {
-		return try_merge_command(strategy, common, head_arg, remoteheads);
+		return try_merge_command(strategy, xopts_nr, xopts,
+						common, head_arg, remoteheads);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -726,7 +776,7 @@
 		return -1;
 	if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 		commit_locked_index(lock_file))
-		die("unable to write new index file");
+		die(_("unable to write new index file"));
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -774,17 +824,44 @@
 
 }
 
+static void write_merge_msg(void)
+{
+	int fd = open(git_path("MERGE_MSG"), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"),
+			  git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
+	if (write_in_full(fd, merge_msg.buf, merge_msg.len) != merge_msg.len)
+		die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
+	close(fd);
+}
+
+static void read_merge_msg(void)
+{
+	strbuf_reset(&merge_msg);
+	if (strbuf_read_file(&merge_msg, git_path("MERGE_MSG"), 0) < 0)
+		die_errno(_("Could not read from '%s'"), git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
+}
+
+static void run_prepare_commit_msg(void)
+{
+	write_merge_msg();
+	run_hook(get_index_file(), "prepare-commit-msg",
+		 git_path("MERGE_MSG"), "merge", NULL, NULL);
+	read_merge_msg();
+}
+
 static int merge_trivial(void)
 {
 	unsigned char result_tree[20], result_commit[20];
 	struct commit_list *parent = xmalloc(sizeof(*parent));
 
 	write_tree_trivial(result_tree);
-	printf("Wonderful.\n");
+	printf(_("Wonderful.\n"));
 	parent->item = lookup_commit(head);
 	parent->next = xmalloc(sizeof(*parent->next));
 	parent->next->item = remoteheads->item;
 	parent->next->next = NULL;
+	run_prepare_commit_msg();
 	commit_tree(merge_msg.buf, result_tree, parent, result_commit, NULL);
 	finish(result_commit, "In-index merge");
 	drop_save();
@@ -814,6 +891,7 @@
 	}
 	free_commit_list(remoteheads);
 	strbuf_addch(&merge_msg, '\n');
+	run_prepare_commit_msg();
 	commit_tree(merge_msg.buf, result_tree, parents, result_commit, NULL);
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "Merge made by %s.", wt_strategy);
 	finish(result_commit, buf.buf);
@@ -829,7 +907,7 @@
 
 	fp = fopen(git_path("MERGE_MSG"), "a");
 	if (!fp)
-		die_errno("Could not open '%s' for writing",
+		die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"),
 			  git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
 	fprintf(fp, "\nConflicts:\n");
 	for (pos = 0; pos < active_nr; pos++) {
@@ -845,8 +923,8 @@
 	}
 	fclose(fp);
 	rerere(allow_rerere_auto);
-	printf("Automatic merge failed; "
-			"fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n");
+	printf(_("Automatic merge failed; "
+			"fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"));
 	return 1;
 }
 
@@ -860,7 +938,7 @@
 			return NULL;
 		second_token = lookup_commit_reference_gently(second_sha1, 0);
 		if (!second_token)
-			die("'%s' is not a commit", argv[1]);
+			die(_("'%s' is not a commit"), argv[1]);
 		if (hashcmp(second_token->object.sha1, head))
 			return NULL;
 	}
@@ -890,6 +968,35 @@
 	return cnt;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Pretend as if the user told us to merge with the tracking
+ * branch we have for the upstream of the current branch
+ */
+static int setup_with_upstream(const char ***argv)
+{
+	struct branch *branch = branch_get(NULL);
+	int i;
+	const char **args;
+
+	if (!branch)
+		die(_("No current branch."));
+	if (!branch->remote)
+		die(_("No remote for the current branch."));
+	if (!branch->merge_nr)
+		die(_("No default upstream defined for the current branch."));
+
+	args = xcalloc(branch->merge_nr + 1, sizeof(char *));
+	for (i = 0; i < branch->merge_nr; i++) {
+		if (!branch->merge[i]->dst)
+			die(_("No remote tracking branch for %s from %s"),
+			    branch->merge[i]->src, branch->remote_name);
+		args[i] = branch->merge[i]->dst;
+	}
+	args[i] = NULL;
+	*argv = args;
+	return i;
+}
+
 int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	unsigned char result_tree[20];
@@ -901,22 +1008,9 @@
 	const char *best_strategy = NULL, *wt_strategy = NULL;
 	struct commit_list **remotes = &remoteheads;
 
-	if (read_cache_unmerged()) {
-		die_resolve_conflict("merge");
-	}
-	if (file_exists(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"))) {
-		/*
-		 * There is no unmerged entry, don't advise 'git
-		 * add/rm <file>', just 'git commit'.
-		 */
-		if (advice_resolve_conflict)
-			die("You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
-			    "Please, commit your changes before you can merge.");
-		else
-			die("You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).");
-	}
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage_with_options(builtin_merge_usage, builtin_merge_options);
 
-	resolve_undo_clear();
 	/*
 	 * Check if we are _not_ on a detached HEAD, i.e. if there is a
 	 * current branch.
@@ -933,19 +1027,62 @@
 	if (diff_use_color_default == -1)
 		diff_use_color_default = git_use_color_default;
 
+	if (branch_mergeoptions)
+		parse_branch_merge_options(branch_mergeoptions);
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_merge_options,
 			builtin_merge_usage, 0);
+
+	if (verbosity < 0 && show_progress == -1)
+		show_progress = 0;
+
+	if (abort_current_merge) {
+		int nargc = 2;
+		const char *nargv[] = {"reset", "--merge", NULL};
+
+		if (!file_exists(git_path("MERGE_HEAD")))
+			die(_("There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."));
+
+		/* Invoke 'git reset --merge' */
+		return cmd_reset(nargc, nargv, prefix);
+	}
+
+	if (read_cache_unmerged())
+		die_resolve_conflict("merge");
+
+	if (file_exists(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"))) {
+		/*
+		 * There is no unmerged entry, don't advise 'git
+		 * add/rm <file>', just 'git commit'.
+		 */
+		if (advice_resolve_conflict)
+			die(_("You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
+				  "Please, commit your changes before you can merge."));
+		else
+			die(_("You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."));
+	}
+	if (file_exists(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"))) {
+		if (advice_resolve_conflict)
+			die(_("You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
+			    "Please, commit your changes before you can merge."));
+		else
+			die(_("You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."));
+	}
+	resolve_undo_clear();
+
 	if (verbosity < 0)
 		show_diffstat = 0;
 
 	if (squash) {
 		if (!allow_fast_forward)
-			die("You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff.");
+			die(_("You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."));
 		option_commit = 0;
 	}
 
 	if (!allow_fast_forward && fast_forward_only)
-		die("You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only.");
+		die(_("You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only."));
+
+	if (!argc && !abort_current_merge && default_to_upstream)
+		argc = setup_with_upstream(&argv);
 
 	if (!argc)
 		usage_with_options(builtin_merge_usage,
@@ -973,19 +1110,19 @@
 		 * We do the same for "git pull".
 		 */
 		if (argc != 1)
-			die("Can merge only exactly one commit into "
-				"empty head");
+			die(_("Can merge only exactly one commit into "
+				"empty head"));
 		if (squash)
-			die("Squash commit into empty head not supported yet");
+			die(_("Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"));
 		if (!allow_fast_forward)
-			die("Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into "
-			    "an empty head");
+			die(_("Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into "
+			    "an empty head"));
 		remote_head = peel_to_type(argv[0], 0, NULL, OBJ_COMMIT);
 		if (!remote_head)
-			die("%s - not something we can merge", argv[0]);
+			die(_("%s - not something we can merge"), argv[0]);
+		read_empty(remote_head->sha1, 0);
 		update_ref("initial pull", "HEAD", remote_head->sha1, NULL, 0,
 				DIE_ON_ERR);
-		reset_hard(remote_head->sha1, 0);
 		return 0;
 	} else {
 		struct strbuf merge_names = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -1028,7 +1165,7 @@
 
 		o = peel_to_type(argv[i], 0, NULL, OBJ_COMMIT);
 		if (!o)
-			die("%s - not something we can merge", argv[i]);
+			die(_("%s - not something we can merge"), argv[i]);
 		commit = lookup_commit(o->sha1);
 		commit->util = (void *)argv[i];
 		remotes = &commit_list_insert(commit, remotes)->next;
@@ -1086,7 +1223,7 @@
 		strcpy(hex, find_unique_abbrev(head, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 
 		if (verbosity >= 0)
-			printf("Updating %s..%s\n",
+			printf(_("Updating %s..%s\n"),
 				hex,
 				find_unique_abbrev(remoteheads->item->object.sha1,
 				DEFAULT_ABBREV));
@@ -1120,11 +1257,11 @@
 		if (allow_trivial && !fast_forward_only) {
 			/* See if it is really trivial. */
 			git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME);
-			printf("Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n");
+			printf(_("Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"));
 			if (!read_tree_trivial(common->item->object.sha1,
 					head, remoteheads->item->object.sha1))
 				return merge_trivial();
-			printf("Nope.\n");
+			printf(_("Nope.\n"));
 		}
 	} else {
 		/*
@@ -1157,7 +1294,7 @@
 	}
 
 	if (fast_forward_only)
-		die("Not possible to fast-forward, aborting.");
+		die(_("Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."));
 
 	/* We are going to make a new commit. */
 	git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME);
@@ -1183,11 +1320,11 @@
 	for (i = 0; i < use_strategies_nr; i++) {
 		int ret;
 		if (i) {
-			printf("Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n");
+			printf(_("Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"));
 			restore_state();
 		}
 		if (use_strategies_nr != 1)
-			printf("Trying merge strategy %s...\n",
+			printf(_("Trying merge strategy %s...\n"),
 				use_strategies[i]->name);
 		/*
 		 * Remember which strategy left the state in the working
@@ -1248,17 +1385,17 @@
 		restore_state();
 		if (use_strategies_nr > 1)
 			fprintf(stderr,
-				"No merge strategy handled the merge.\n");
+				_("No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"));
 		else
-			fprintf(stderr, "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n",
+			fprintf(stderr, _("Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"),
 				use_strategies[0]->name);
 		return 2;
 	} else if (best_strategy == wt_strategy)
 		; /* We already have its result in the working tree. */
 	else {
-		printf("Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n");
+		printf(_("Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"));
 		restore_state();
-		printf("Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n",
+		printf(_("Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"),
 			best_strategy);
 		try_merge_strategy(best_strategy, common, head_arg);
 	}
@@ -1274,35 +1411,28 @@
 				sha1_to_hex(j->item->object.sha1));
 		fd = open(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
 		if (fd < 0)
-			die_errno("Could not open '%s' for writing",
+			die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"),
 				  git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
 		if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len)
-			die_errno("Could not write to '%s'", git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
+			die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
 		close(fd);
 		strbuf_addch(&merge_msg, '\n');
-		fd = open(git_path("MERGE_MSG"), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
-		if (fd < 0)
-			die_errno("Could not open '%s' for writing",
-				  git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
-		if (write_in_full(fd, merge_msg.buf, merge_msg.len) !=
-			merge_msg.len)
-			die_errno("Could not write to '%s'", git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
-		close(fd);
+		write_merge_msg();
 		fd = open(git_path("MERGE_MODE"), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666);
 		if (fd < 0)
-			die_errno("Could not open '%s' for writing",
+			die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"),
 				  git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
 		strbuf_reset(&buf);
 		if (!allow_fast_forward)
 			strbuf_addf(&buf, "no-ff");
 		if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len)
-			die_errno("Could not write to '%s'", git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
+			die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
 		close(fd);
 	}
 
 	if (merge_was_ok) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Automatic merge went well; "
-			"stopped before committing as requested\n");
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Automatic merge went well; "
+			"stopped before committing as requested\n"));
 		return 0;
 	} else
 		return suggest_conflicts(option_renormalize);
diff --git a/builtin/mktag.c b/builtin/mktag.c
index 1cb0f3f..324a267 100644
--- a/builtin/mktag.c
+++ b/builtin/mktag.c
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-#include "cache.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "tag.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 /*
  * A signature file has a very simple fixed format: four lines
@@ -35,12 +34,6 @@
 	return ret;
 }
 
-#ifdef NO_C99_FORMAT
-#define PD_FMT "%d"
-#else
-#define PD_FMT "%td"
-#endif
-
 static int verify_tag(char *buffer, unsigned long size)
 {
 	int typelen;
@@ -70,15 +63,18 @@
 	/* Verify tag-line */
 	tag_line = strchr(type_line, '\n');
 	if (!tag_line)
-		return error("char" PD_FMT ": could not find next \"\\n\"", type_line - buffer);
+		return error("char%"PRIuMAX": could not find next \"\\n\"",
+				(uintmax_t) (type_line - buffer));
 	tag_line++;
 	if (memcmp(tag_line, "tag ", 4) || tag_line[4] == '\n')
-		return error("char" PD_FMT ": no \"tag \" found", tag_line - buffer);
+		return error("char%"PRIuMAX": no \"tag \" found",
+				(uintmax_t) (tag_line - buffer));
 
 	/* Get the actual type */
 	typelen = tag_line - type_line - strlen("type \n");
 	if (typelen >= sizeof(type))
-		return error("char" PD_FMT ": type too long", type_line+5 - buffer);
+		return error("char%"PRIuMAX": type too long",
+				(uintmax_t) (type_line+5 - buffer));
 
 	memcpy(type, type_line+5, typelen);
 	type[typelen] = 0;
@@ -95,15 +91,16 @@
 			break;
 		if (c > ' ')
 			continue;
-		return error("char" PD_FMT ": could not verify tag name", tag_line - buffer);
+		return error("char%"PRIuMAX": could not verify tag name",
+				(uintmax_t) (tag_line - buffer));
 	}
 
 	/* Verify the tagger line */
 	tagger_line = tag_line;
 
 	if (memcmp(tagger_line, "tagger ", 7))
-		return error("char" PD_FMT ": could not find \"tagger \"",
-			tagger_line - buffer);
+		return error("char%"PRIuMAX": could not find \"tagger \"",
+			(uintmax_t) (tagger_line - buffer));
 
 	/*
 	 * Check for correct form for name and email
@@ -115,44 +112,42 @@
 	if (!(lb = strstr(tagger_line, " <")) || !(rb = strstr(lb+2, "> ")) ||
 		strpbrk(tagger_line, "<>\n") != lb+1 ||
 		strpbrk(lb+2, "><\n ") != rb)
-		return error("char" PD_FMT ": malformed tagger field",
-			tagger_line - buffer);
+		return error("char%"PRIuMAX": malformed tagger field",
+			(uintmax_t) (tagger_line - buffer));
 
 	/* Check for author name, at least one character, space is acceptable */
 	if (lb == tagger_line)
-		return error("char" PD_FMT ": missing tagger name",
-			tagger_line - buffer);
+		return error("char%"PRIuMAX": missing tagger name",
+			(uintmax_t) (tagger_line - buffer));
 
 	/* timestamp, 1 or more digits followed by space */
 	tagger_line = rb + 2;
 	if (!(len = strspn(tagger_line, "0123456789")))
-		return error("char" PD_FMT ": missing tag timestamp",
-			tagger_line - buffer);
+		return error("char%"PRIuMAX": missing tag timestamp",
+			(uintmax_t) (tagger_line - buffer));
 	tagger_line += len;
 	if (*tagger_line != ' ')
-		return error("char" PD_FMT ": malformed tag timestamp",
-			tagger_line - buffer);
+		return error("char%"PRIuMAX": malformed tag timestamp",
+			(uintmax_t) (tagger_line - buffer));
 	tagger_line++;
 
 	/* timezone, 5 digits [+-]hhmm, max. 1400 */
 	if (!((tagger_line[0] == '+' || tagger_line[0] == '-') &&
 	      strspn(tagger_line+1, "0123456789") == 4 &&
 	      tagger_line[5] == '\n' && atoi(tagger_line+1) <= 1400))
-		return error("char" PD_FMT ": malformed tag timezone",
-			tagger_line - buffer);
+		return error("char%"PRIuMAX": malformed tag timezone",
+			(uintmax_t) (tagger_line - buffer));
 	tagger_line += 6;
 
 	/* Verify the blank line separating the header from the body */
 	if (*tagger_line != '\n')
-		return error("char" PD_FMT ": trailing garbage in tag header",
-			tagger_line - buffer);
+		return error("char%"PRIuMAX": trailing garbage in tag header",
+			(uintmax_t) (tagger_line - buffer));
 
 	/* The actual stuff afterwards we don't care about.. */
 	return 0;
 }
 
-#undef PD_FMT
-
 int cmd_mktag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
diff --git a/builtin/mv.c b/builtin/mv.c
index cdbb094..40f33ca 100644
--- a/builtin/mv.c
+++ b/builtin/mv.c
@@ -55,8 +55,8 @@
 	int i, newfd;
 	int verbose = 0, show_only = 0, force = 0, ignore_errors = 0;
 	struct option builtin_mv_options[] = {
-		OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &force, "force move/rename even if target exists"),
+		OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only, "dry run"),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force, "force move/rename even if target exists"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('k', NULL, &ignore_errors, "skip move/rename errors"),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
 
 	newfd = hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 1);
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		die("index file corrupt");
+		die(_("index file corrupt"));
 
 	source = copy_pathspec(prefix, argv, argc, 0);
 	modes = xcalloc(argc, sizeof(enum update_mode));
@@ -100,17 +100,17 @@
 		const char *bad = NULL;
 
 		if (show_only)
-			printf("Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n", src, dst);
+			printf(_("Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"), src, dst);
 
 		length = strlen(src);
 		if (lstat(src, &st) < 0)
-			bad = "bad source";
+			bad = _("bad source");
 		else if (!strncmp(src, dst, length) &&
 				(dst[length] == 0 || dst[length] == '/')) {
-			bad = "can not move directory into itself";
+			bad = _("can not move directory into itself");
 		} else if ((src_is_dir = S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
 				&& lstat(dst, &st) == 0)
-			bad = "cannot move directory over file";
+			bad = _("cannot move directory over file");
 		else if (src_is_dir) {
 			const char *src_w_slash = add_slash(src);
 			int len_w_slash = length + 1;
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@
 
 			first = cache_name_pos(src_w_slash, len_w_slash);
 			if (first >= 0)
-				die ("Huh? %.*s is in index?",
+				die (_("Huh? %.*s is in index?"),
 						len_w_slash, src_w_slash);
 
 			first = -1 - first;
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@
 			free((char *)src_w_slash);
 
 			if (last - first < 1)
-				bad = "source directory is empty";
+				bad = _("source directory is empty");
 			else {
 				int j, dst_len;
 
@@ -163,22 +163,22 @@
 				argc += last - first;
 			}
 		} else if (cache_name_pos(src, length) < 0)
-			bad = "not under version control";
+			bad = _("not under version control");
 		else if (lstat(dst, &st) == 0) {
-			bad = "destination exists";
+			bad = _("destination exists");
 			if (force) {
 				/*
 				 * only files can overwrite each other:
 				 * check both source and destination
 				 */
 				if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) || S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
-					warning("%s; will overwrite!", bad);
+					warning(_("%s; will overwrite!"), bad);
 					bad = NULL;
 				} else
-					bad = "Cannot overwrite";
+					bad = _("Cannot overwrite");
 			}
 		} else if (string_list_has_string(&src_for_dst, dst))
-			bad = "multiple sources for the same target";
+			bad = _("multiple sources for the same target");
 		else
 			string_list_insert(&src_for_dst, dst);
 
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@
 					i--;
 				}
 			} else
-				die ("%s, source=%s, destination=%s",
+				die (_("%s, source=%s, destination=%s"),
 				     bad, src, dst);
 		}
 	}
@@ -203,10 +203,10 @@
 		enum update_mode mode = modes[i];
 		int pos;
 		if (show_only || verbose)
-			printf("Renaming %s to %s\n", src, dst);
+			printf(_("Renaming %s to %s\n"), src, dst);
 		if (!show_only && mode != INDEX &&
 				rename(src, dst) < 0 && !ignore_errors)
-			die_errno ("renaming '%s' failed", src);
+			die_errno (_("renaming '%s' failed"), src);
 
 		if (mode == WORKING_DIRECTORY)
 			continue;
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@
 	if (active_cache_changed) {
 		if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 		    commit_locked_index(&lock_file))
-			die("Unable to write new index file");
+			die(_("Unable to write new index file"));
 	}
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/builtin/notes.c b/builtin/notes.c
index 6d07aac..d6dcfcb 100644
--- a/builtin/notes.c
+++ b/builtin/notes.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
+#include "notes-merge.h"
 
 static const char * const git_notes_usage[] = {
 	"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] [list [<object>]]",
@@ -25,8 +26,12 @@
 	"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] append [-m <msg> | -F <file> | (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]",
 	"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] edit [<object>]",
 	"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] show [<object>]",
+	"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy> ] <notes_ref>",
+	"git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]",
+	"git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]",
 	"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] remove [<object>]",
 	"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] prune [-n | -v]",
+	"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] get-ref",
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -61,6 +66,13 @@
 	NULL
 };
 
+static const char * const git_notes_merge_usage[] = {
+	"git notes merge [<options>] <notes_ref>",
+	"git notes merge --commit [<options>]",
+	"git notes merge --abort [<options>]",
+	NULL
+};
+
 static const char * const git_notes_remove_usage[] = {
 	"git notes remove [<object>]",
 	NULL
@@ -71,6 +83,11 @@
 	NULL
 };
 
+static const char * const git_notes_get_ref_usage[] = {
+	"git notes get-ref",
+	NULL
+};
+
 static const char note_template[] =
 	"\n"
 	"#\n"
@@ -83,6 +100,16 @@
 	struct strbuf buf;
 };
 
+static void expand_notes_ref(struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	if (!prefixcmp(sb->buf, "refs/notes/"))
+		return; /* we're happy */
+	else if (!prefixcmp(sb->buf, "notes/"))
+		strbuf_insert(sb, 0, "refs/", 5);
+	else
+		strbuf_insert(sb, 0, "refs/notes/", 11);
+}
+
 static int list_each_note(const unsigned char *object_sha1,
 		const unsigned char *note_sha1, char *note_path,
 		void *cb_data)
@@ -119,13 +146,13 @@
 	show.err = 0;
 	show.git_cmd = 1;
 	if (start_command(&show))
-		die("unable to start 'show' for object '%s'",
+		die(_("unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"),
 		    sha1_to_hex(object));
 
 	/* Open the output as FILE* so strbuf_getline() can be used. */
 	show_out = xfdopen(show.out, "r");
 	if (show_out == NULL)
-		die_errno("can't fdopen 'show' output fd");
+		die_errno(_("can't fdopen 'show' output fd"));
 
 	/* Prepend "# " to each output line and write result to 'fd' */
 	while (strbuf_getline(&buf, show_out, '\n') != EOF) {
@@ -135,10 +162,10 @@
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	if (fclose(show_out))
-		die_errno("failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'",
+		die_errno(_("failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"),
 			  sha1_to_hex(object));
 	if (finish_command(&show))
-		die("failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'",
+		die(_("failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"),
 		    sha1_to_hex(object));
 }
 
@@ -155,7 +182,7 @@
 		path = git_pathdup("NOTES_EDITMSG");
 		fd = open(path, O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_WRONLY, 0600);
 		if (fd < 0)
-			die_errno("could not create file '%s'", path);
+			die_errno(_("could not create file '%s'"), path);
 
 		if (msg->given)
 			write_or_die(fd, msg->buf.buf, msg->buf.len);
@@ -169,8 +196,8 @@
 		strbuf_reset(&(msg->buf));
 
 		if (launch_editor(path, &(msg->buf), NULL)) {
-			die("Please supply the note contents using either -m" \
-			    " or -F option");
+			die(_("Please supply the note contents using either -m" \
+			    " or -F option"));
 		}
 		stripspace(&(msg->buf), 1);
 	}
@@ -190,14 +217,14 @@
 	}
 
 	if (!msg->buf.len) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Removing note for object %s\n",
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Removing note for object %s\n"),
 			sha1_to_hex(object));
 		hashclr(result);
 	} else {
 		if (write_sha1_file(msg->buf.buf, msg->buf.len, blob_type, result)) {
-			error("unable to write note object");
+			error(_("unable to write note object"));
 			if (path)
-				error("The note contents has been left in %s",
+				error(_("The note contents has been left in %s"),
 				      path);
 			exit(128);
 		}
@@ -231,9 +258,9 @@
 		strbuf_addch(&(msg->buf), '\n');
 	if (!strcmp(arg, "-")) {
 		if (strbuf_read(&(msg->buf), 0, 1024) < 0)
-			die_errno("cannot read '%s'", arg);
+			die_errno(_("cannot read '%s'"), arg);
 	} else if (strbuf_read_file(&(msg->buf), arg, 1024) < 0)
-		die_errno("could not open or read '%s'", arg);
+		die_errno(_("could not open or read '%s'"), arg);
 	stripspace(&(msg->buf), 0);
 
 	msg->given = 1;
@@ -252,10 +279,10 @@
 		strbuf_addch(&(msg->buf), '\n');
 
 	if (get_sha1(arg, object))
-		die("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref.", arg);
+		die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), arg);
 	if (!(buf = read_sha1_file(object, &type, &len)) || !len) {
 		free(buf);
-		die("Failed to read object '%s'.", arg);;
+		die(_("Failed to read object '%s'."), arg);;
 	}
 	strbuf_add(&(msg->buf), buf, len);
 	free(buf);
@@ -271,18 +298,17 @@
 	return parse_reuse_arg(opt, arg, unset);
 }
 
-int commit_notes(struct notes_tree *t, const char *msg)
+void commit_notes(struct notes_tree *t, const char *msg)
 {
-	struct commit_list *parent;
-	unsigned char tree_sha1[20], prev_commit[20], new_commit[20];
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	unsigned char commit_sha1[20];
 
 	if (!t)
 		t = &default_notes_tree;
 	if (!t->initialized || !t->ref || !*t->ref)
-		die("Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree");
+		die(_("Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"));
 	if (!t->dirty)
-		return 0; /* don't have to commit an unchanged tree */
+		return; /* don't have to commit an unchanged tree */
 
 	/* Prepare commit message and reflog message */
 	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "notes: "); /* commit message starts at index 7 */
@@ -290,27 +316,10 @@
 	if (buf.buf[buf.len - 1] != '\n')
 		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n'); /* Make sure msg ends with newline */
 
-	/* Convert notes tree to tree object */
-	if (write_notes_tree(t, tree_sha1))
-		die("Failed to write current notes tree to database");
-
-	/* Create new commit for the tree object */
-	if (!read_ref(t->ref, prev_commit)) { /* retrieve parent commit */
-		parent = xmalloc(sizeof(*parent));
-		parent->item = lookup_commit(prev_commit);
-		parent->next = NULL;
-	} else {
-		hashclr(prev_commit);
-		parent = NULL;
-	}
-	if (commit_tree(buf.buf + 7, tree_sha1, parent, new_commit, NULL))
-		die("Failed to commit notes tree to database");
-
-	/* Update notes ref with new commit */
-	update_ref(buf.buf, t->ref, new_commit, prev_commit, 0, DIE_ON_ERR);
+	create_notes_commit(t, NULL, buf.buf + 7, commit_sha1);
+	update_ref(buf.buf, t->ref, commit_sha1, NULL, 0, DIE_ON_ERR);
 
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
-	return 0;
 }
 
 combine_notes_fn parse_combine_notes_fn(const char *v)
@@ -321,6 +330,8 @@
 		return combine_notes_ignore;
 	else if (!strcasecmp(v, "concatenate"))
 		return combine_notes_concatenate;
+	else if (!strcasecmp(v, "cat_sort_uniq"))
+		return combine_notes_cat_sort_uniq;
 	else
 		return NULL;
 }
@@ -336,7 +347,7 @@
 			config_error_nonbool(k);
 		c->combine = parse_combine_notes_fn(v);
 		if (!c->combine) {
-			error("Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'", v);
+			error(_("Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"), v);
 			return 1;
 		}
 		return 0;
@@ -346,8 +357,8 @@
 		if (!prefixcmp(v, "refs/notes/"))
 			string_list_add_refs_by_glob(c->refs, v);
 		else
-			warning("Refusing to rewrite notes in %s"
-				" (outside of refs/notes/)", v);
+			warning(_("Refusing to rewrite notes in %s"
+				" (outside of refs/notes/)"), v);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -371,8 +382,10 @@
 		c->mode_from_env = 1;
 		c->combine = parse_combine_notes_fn(rewrite_mode_env);
 		if (!c->combine)
-			error("Bad " GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_MODE_ENVIRONMENT
-			      " value: '%s'", rewrite_mode_env);
+			/* TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
+			   environment variable, the second %s is its value */
+			error(_("Bad %s value: '%s'"), GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_MODE_ENVIRONMENT,
+					rewrite_mode_env);
 	}
 	if (rewrite_refs_env) {
 		c->refs_from_env = 1;
@@ -412,7 +425,7 @@
 	free(c);
 }
 
-int notes_copy_from_stdin(int force, const char *rewrite_cmd)
+static int notes_copy_from_stdin(int force, const char *rewrite_cmd)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct notes_rewrite_cfg *c = NULL;
@@ -435,13 +448,13 @@
 
 		split = strbuf_split(&buf, ' ');
 		if (!split[0] || !split[1])
-			die("Malformed input line: '%s'.", buf.buf);
+			die(_("Malformed input line: '%s'."), buf.buf);
 		strbuf_rtrim(split[0]);
 		strbuf_rtrim(split[1]);
 		if (get_sha1(split[0]->buf, from_obj))
-			die("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref.", split[0]->buf);
+			die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), split[0]->buf);
 		if (get_sha1(split[1]->buf, to_obj))
-			die("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref.", split[1]->buf);
+			die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), split[1]->buf);
 
 		if (rewrite_cmd)
 			err = copy_note_for_rewrite(c, from_obj, to_obj);
@@ -450,7 +463,7 @@
 					combine_notes_overwrite);
 
 		if (err) {
-			error("Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'",
+			error(_("Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"),
 			      split[0]->buf, split[1]->buf);
 			ret = 1;
 		}
@@ -494,20 +507,20 @@
 				     git_notes_list_usage, 0);
 
 	if (1 < argc) {
-		error("too many parameters");
+		error(_("too many parameters"));
 		usage_with_options(git_notes_list_usage, options);
 	}
 
 	t = init_notes_check("list");
 	if (argc) {
 		if (get_sha1(argv[0], object))
-			die("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref.", argv[0]);
+			die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), argv[0]);
 		note = get_note(t, object);
 		if (note) {
 			puts(sha1_to_hex(note));
 			retval = 0;
 		} else
-			retval = error("No note found for object %s.",
+			retval = error(_("No note found for object %s."),
 				       sha1_to_hex(object));
 	} else
 		retval = for_each_note(t, 0, list_each_note, NULL);
@@ -526,19 +539,19 @@
 	const unsigned char *note;
 	struct msg_arg msg = { 0, 0, STRBUF_INIT };
 	struct option options[] = {
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'm', "message", &msg, "MSG",
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'm', "message", &msg, "msg",
 			"note contents as a string", PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			parse_msg_arg},
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'F', "file", &msg, "FILE",
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'F', "file", &msg, "file",
 			"note contents in a file", PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			parse_file_arg},
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'c', "reedit-message", &msg, "OBJECT",
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'c', "reedit-message", &msg, "object",
 			"reuse and edit specified note object", PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			parse_reedit_arg},
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'C', "reuse-message", &msg, "OBJECT",
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'C', "reuse-message", &msg, "object",
 			"reuse specified note object", PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			parse_reuse_arg},
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &force, "replace existing notes"),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force, "replace existing notes"),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -546,26 +559,26 @@
 			     0);
 
 	if (1 < argc) {
-		error("too many parameters");
+		error(_("too many parameters"));
 		usage_with_options(git_notes_add_usage, options);
 	}
 
 	object_ref = argc ? argv[0] : "HEAD";
 
 	if (get_sha1(object_ref, object))
-		die("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref.", object_ref);
+		die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), object_ref);
 
 	t = init_notes_check("add");
 	note = get_note(t, object);
 
 	if (note) {
 		if (!force) {
-			retval = error("Cannot add notes. Found existing notes "
+			retval = error(_("Cannot add notes. Found existing notes "
 				       "for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
-				       "existing notes", sha1_to_hex(object));
+				       "existing notes"), sha1_to_hex(object));
 			goto out;
 		}
-		fprintf(stderr, "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n",
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"),
 			sha1_to_hex(object));
 	}
 
@@ -573,8 +586,8 @@
 
 	if (is_null_sha1(new_note))
 		remove_note(t, object);
-	else
-		add_note(t, object, new_note, combine_notes_overwrite);
+	else if (add_note(t, object, new_note, combine_notes_overwrite))
+		die("BUG: combine_notes_overwrite failed");
 
 	snprintf(logmsg, sizeof(logmsg), "Notes %s by 'git notes %s'",
 		 is_null_sha1(new_note) ? "removed" : "added", "add");
@@ -594,7 +607,7 @@
 	struct notes_tree *t;
 	const char *rewrite_cmd = NULL;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &force, "replace existing notes"),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force, "replace existing notes"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stdin", &from_stdin, "read objects from stdin"),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "for-rewrite", &rewrite_cmd, "command",
 			   "load rewriting config for <command> (implies "
@@ -607,7 +620,7 @@
 
 	if (from_stdin || rewrite_cmd) {
 		if (argc) {
-			error("too many parameters");
+			error(_("too many parameters"));
 			usage_with_options(git_notes_copy_usage, options);
 		} else {
 			return notes_copy_from_stdin(force, rewrite_cmd);
@@ -615,45 +628,46 @@
 	}
 
 	if (argc < 2) {
-		error("too few parameters");
+		error(_("too few parameters"));
 		usage_with_options(git_notes_copy_usage, options);
 	}
 	if (2 < argc) {
-		error("too many parameters");
+		error(_("too many parameters"));
 		usage_with_options(git_notes_copy_usage, options);
 	}
 
 	if (get_sha1(argv[0], from_obj))
-		die("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref.", argv[0]);
+		die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), argv[0]);
 
 	object_ref = 1 < argc ? argv[1] : "HEAD";
 
 	if (get_sha1(object_ref, object))
-		die("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref.", object_ref);
+		die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), object_ref);
 
 	t = init_notes_check("copy");
 	note = get_note(t, object);
 
 	if (note) {
 		if (!force) {
-			retval = error("Cannot copy notes. Found existing "
+			retval = error(_("Cannot copy notes. Found existing "
 				       "notes for object %s. Use '-f' to "
-				       "overwrite existing notes",
+				       "overwrite existing notes"),
 				       sha1_to_hex(object));
 			goto out;
 		}
-		fprintf(stderr, "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n",
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"),
 			sha1_to_hex(object));
 	}
 
 	from_note = get_note(t, from_obj);
 	if (!from_note) {
-		retval = error("Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot "
-			       "copy.", sha1_to_hex(from_obj));
+		retval = error(_("Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot "
+			       "copy."), sha1_to_hex(from_obj));
 		goto out;
 	}
 
-	add_note(t, object, from_note, combine_notes_overwrite);
+	if (add_note(t, object, from_note, combine_notes_overwrite))
+		die("BUG: combine_notes_overwrite failed");
 	commit_notes(t, "Notes added by 'git notes copy'");
 out:
 	free_notes(t);
@@ -670,16 +684,16 @@
 	const char * const *usage;
 	struct msg_arg msg = { 0, 0, STRBUF_INIT };
 	struct option options[] = {
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'm', "message", &msg, "MSG",
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'm', "message", &msg, "msg",
 			"note contents as a string", PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			parse_msg_arg},
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'F', "file", &msg, "FILE",
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'F', "file", &msg, "file",
 			"note contents in a file", PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			parse_file_arg},
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'c', "reedit-message", &msg, "OBJECT",
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'c', "reedit-message", &msg, "object",
 			"reuse and edit specified note object", PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			parse_reedit_arg},
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'C', "reuse-message", &msg, "OBJECT",
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'C', "reuse-message", &msg, "object",
 			"reuse specified note object", PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			parse_reuse_arg},
 		OPT_END()
@@ -691,19 +705,19 @@
 			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0);
 
 	if (2 < argc) {
-		error("too many parameters");
+		error(_("too many parameters"));
 		usage_with_options(usage, options);
 	}
 
 	if (msg.given && edit)
-		fprintf(stderr, "The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated "
+		fprintf(stderr, _("The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated "
 			"for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
-			"Please use 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' instead.\n");
+			"Please use 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' instead.\n"));
 
 	object_ref = 1 < argc ? argv[1] : "HEAD";
 
 	if (get_sha1(object_ref, object))
-		die("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref.", object_ref);
+		die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), object_ref);
 
 	t = init_notes_check(argv[0]);
 	note = get_note(t, object);
@@ -712,8 +726,8 @@
 
 	if (is_null_sha1(new_note))
 		remove_note(t, object);
-	else
-		add_note(t, object, new_note, combine_notes_overwrite);
+	else if (add_note(t, object, new_note, combine_notes_overwrite))
+		die("BUG: combine_notes_overwrite failed");
 
 	snprintf(logmsg, sizeof(logmsg), "Notes %s by 'git notes %s'",
 		 is_null_sha1(new_note) ? "removed" : "added", argv[0]);
@@ -738,20 +752,20 @@
 			     0);
 
 	if (1 < argc) {
-		error("too many parameters");
+		error(_("too many parameters"));
 		usage_with_options(git_notes_show_usage, options);
 	}
 
 	object_ref = argc ? argv[0] : "HEAD";
 
 	if (get_sha1(object_ref, object))
-		die("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref.", object_ref);
+		die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), object_ref);
 
 	t = init_notes_check("show");
 	note = get_note(t, object);
 
 	if (!note)
-		retval = error("No note found for object %s.",
+		retval = error(_("No note found for object %s."),
 			       sha1_to_hex(object));
 	else {
 		const char *show_args[3] = {"show", sha1_to_hex(note), NULL};
@@ -761,6 +775,180 @@
 	return retval;
 }
 
+static int merge_abort(struct notes_merge_options *o)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Remove .git/NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL and .git/NOTES_MERGE_REF, and call
+	 * notes_merge_abort() to remove .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE.
+	 */
+
+	if (delete_ref("NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL", NULL, 0))
+		ret += error("Failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL");
+	if (delete_ref("NOTES_MERGE_REF", NULL, REF_NODEREF))
+		ret += error("Failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_REF");
+	if (notes_merge_abort(o))
+		ret += error("Failed to remove 'git notes merge' worktree");
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int merge_commit(struct notes_merge_options *o)
+{
+	struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
+	unsigned char sha1[20], parent_sha1[20];
+	struct notes_tree *t;
+	struct commit *partial;
+	struct pretty_print_context pretty_ctx;
+
+	/*
+	 * Read partial merge result from .git/NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL,
+	 * and target notes ref from .git/NOTES_MERGE_REF.
+	 */
+
+	if (get_sha1("NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL", sha1))
+		die("Failed to read ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL");
+	else if (!(partial = lookup_commit_reference(sha1)))
+		die("Could not find commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL.");
+	else if (parse_commit(partial))
+		die("Could not parse commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL.");
+
+	if (partial->parents)
+		hashcpy(parent_sha1, partial->parents->item->object.sha1);
+	else
+		hashclr(parent_sha1);
+
+	t = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct notes_tree));
+	init_notes(t, "NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL", combine_notes_overwrite, 0);
+
+	o->local_ref = resolve_ref("NOTES_MERGE_REF", sha1, 0, NULL);
+	if (!o->local_ref)
+		die("Failed to resolve NOTES_MERGE_REF");
+
+	if (notes_merge_commit(o, t, partial, sha1))
+		die("Failed to finalize notes merge");
+
+	/* Reuse existing commit message in reflog message */
+	memset(&pretty_ctx, 0, sizeof(pretty_ctx));
+	format_commit_message(partial, "%s", &msg, &pretty_ctx);
+	strbuf_trim(&msg);
+	strbuf_insert(&msg, 0, "notes: ", 7);
+	update_ref(msg.buf, o->local_ref, sha1,
+		   is_null_sha1(parent_sha1) ? NULL : parent_sha1,
+		   0, DIE_ON_ERR);
+
+	free_notes(t);
+	strbuf_release(&msg);
+	return merge_abort(o);
+}
+
+static int merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct strbuf remote_ref = STRBUF_INIT, msg = STRBUF_INIT;
+	unsigned char result_sha1[20];
+	struct notes_tree *t;
+	struct notes_merge_options o;
+	int do_merge = 0, do_commit = 0, do_abort = 0;
+	int verbosity = 0, result;
+	const char *strategy = NULL;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_GROUP("General options"),
+		OPT__VERBOSITY(&verbosity),
+		OPT_GROUP("Merge options"),
+		OPT_STRING('s', "strategy", &strategy, "strategy",
+			   "resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy "
+			   "(manual/ours/theirs/union/cat_sort_uniq)"),
+		OPT_GROUP("Committing unmerged notes"),
+		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "commit", &do_commit, NULL,
+			"finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes",
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG },
+		OPT_GROUP("Aborting notes merge resolution"),
+		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "abort", &do_abort, NULL,
+			"abort notes merge",
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG },
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options,
+			     git_notes_merge_usage, 0);
+
+	if (strategy || do_commit + do_abort == 0)
+		do_merge = 1;
+	if (do_merge + do_commit + do_abort != 1) {
+		error("cannot mix --commit, --abort or -s/--strategy");
+		usage_with_options(git_notes_merge_usage, options);
+	}
+
+	if (do_merge && argc != 1) {
+		error("Must specify a notes ref to merge");
+		usage_with_options(git_notes_merge_usage, options);
+	} else if (!do_merge && argc) {
+		error("too many parameters");
+		usage_with_options(git_notes_merge_usage, options);
+	}
+
+	init_notes_merge_options(&o);
+	o.verbosity = verbosity + NOTES_MERGE_VERBOSITY_DEFAULT;
+
+	if (do_abort)
+		return merge_abort(&o);
+	if (do_commit)
+		return merge_commit(&o);
+
+	o.local_ref = default_notes_ref();
+	strbuf_addstr(&remote_ref, argv[0]);
+	expand_notes_ref(&remote_ref);
+	o.remote_ref = remote_ref.buf;
+
+	if (strategy) {
+		if (!strcmp(strategy, "manual"))
+			o.strategy = NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_MANUAL;
+		else if (!strcmp(strategy, "ours"))
+			o.strategy = NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_OURS;
+		else if (!strcmp(strategy, "theirs"))
+			o.strategy = NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_THEIRS;
+		else if (!strcmp(strategy, "union"))
+			o.strategy = NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_UNION;
+		else if (!strcmp(strategy, "cat_sort_uniq"))
+			o.strategy = NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_CAT_SORT_UNIQ;
+		else {
+			error("Unknown -s/--strategy: %s", strategy);
+			usage_with_options(git_notes_merge_usage, options);
+		}
+	}
+
+	t = init_notes_check("merge");
+
+	strbuf_addf(&msg, "notes: Merged notes from %s into %s",
+		    remote_ref.buf, default_notes_ref());
+	strbuf_add(&(o.commit_msg), msg.buf + 7, msg.len - 7); /* skip "notes: " */
+
+	result = notes_merge(&o, t, result_sha1);
+
+	if (result >= 0) /* Merge resulted (trivially) in result_sha1 */
+		/* Update default notes ref with new commit */
+		update_ref(msg.buf, default_notes_ref(), result_sha1, NULL,
+			   0, DIE_ON_ERR);
+	else { /* Merge has unresolved conflicts */
+		/* Update .git/NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL with partial merge result */
+		update_ref(msg.buf, "NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL", result_sha1, NULL,
+			   0, DIE_ON_ERR);
+		/* Store ref-to-be-updated into .git/NOTES_MERGE_REF */
+		if (create_symref("NOTES_MERGE_REF", default_notes_ref(), NULL))
+			die("Failed to store link to current notes ref (%s)",
+			    default_notes_ref());
+		printf("Automatic notes merge failed. Fix conflicts in %s and "
+		       "commit the result with 'git notes merge --commit', or "
+		       "abort the merge with 'git notes merge --abort'.\n",
+		       git_path(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE));
+	}
+
+	free_notes(t);
+	strbuf_release(&remote_ref);
+	strbuf_release(&msg);
+	return result < 0; /* return non-zero on conflicts */
+}
+
 static int remove_cmd(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct option options[] = {
@@ -775,22 +963,22 @@
 			     git_notes_remove_usage, 0);
 
 	if (1 < argc) {
-		error("too many parameters");
+		error(_("too many parameters"));
 		usage_with_options(git_notes_remove_usage, options);
 	}
 
 	object_ref = argc ? argv[0] : "HEAD";
 
 	if (get_sha1(object_ref, object))
-		die("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref.", object_ref);
+		die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), object_ref);
 
 	t = init_notes_check("remove");
 
 	retval = remove_note(t, object);
 	if (retval)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Object %s has no note\n", sha1_to_hex(object));
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Object %s has no note\n"), sha1_to_hex(object));
 	else {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Removing note for object %s\n",
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Removing note for object %s\n"),
 			sha1_to_hex(object));
 
 		commit_notes(t, "Notes removed by 'git notes remove'");
@@ -804,9 +992,8 @@
 	struct notes_tree *t;
 	int show_only = 0, verbose = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "dry-run", &show_only,
-			    "do not remove, show only"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('v', "verbose", &verbose, "report pruned notes"),
+		OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only, "do not remove, show only"),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "report pruned notes"),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -814,7 +1001,7 @@
 			     0);
 
 	if (argc) {
-		error("too many parameters");
+		error(_("too many parameters"));
 		usage_with_options(git_notes_prune_usage, options);
 	}
 
@@ -828,6 +1015,21 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int get_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct option options[] = { OPT_END() };
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options,
+			     git_notes_get_ref_usage, 0);
+
+	if (argc) {
+		error("too many parameters");
+		usage_with_options(git_notes_get_ref_usage, options);
+	}
+
+	puts(default_notes_ref());
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int cmd_notes(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int result;
@@ -844,13 +1046,8 @@
 
 	if (override_notes_ref) {
 		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-		if (!prefixcmp(override_notes_ref, "refs/notes/"))
-			/* we're happy */;
-		else if (!prefixcmp(override_notes_ref, "notes/"))
-			strbuf_addstr(&sb, "refs/");
-		else
-			strbuf_addstr(&sb, "refs/notes/");
 		strbuf_addstr(&sb, override_notes_ref);
+		expand_notes_ref(&sb);
 		setenv("GIT_NOTES_REF", sb.buf, 1);
 		strbuf_release(&sb);
 	}
@@ -865,12 +1062,16 @@
 		result = append_edit(argc, argv, prefix);
 	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "show"))
 		result = show(argc, argv, prefix);
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "merge"))
+		result = merge(argc, argv, prefix);
 	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "remove"))
 		result = remove_cmd(argc, argv, prefix);
 	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "prune"))
 		result = prune(argc, argv, prefix);
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "get-ref"))
+		result = get_ref(argc, argv, prefix);
 	else {
-		result = error("Unknown subcommand: %s", argv[0]);
+		result = error(_("Unknown subcommand: %s"), argv[0]);
 		usage_with_options(git_notes_usage, options);
 	}
 
diff --git a/builtin/pack-objects.c b/builtin/pack-objects.c
index f8eba53..f402a84 100644
--- a/builtin/pack-objects.c
+++ b/builtin/pack-objects.c
@@ -16,11 +16,7 @@
 #include "list-objects.h"
 #include "progress.h"
 #include "refs.h"
-
-#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
-#include <pthread.h>
 #include "thread-utils.h"
-#endif
 
 static const char pack_usage[] =
   "git pack-objects [ -q | --progress | --all-progress ]\n"
@@ -1146,8 +1142,12 @@
 		sorted_by_offset[i] = objects + i;
 	qsort(sorted_by_offset, nr_objects, sizeof(*sorted_by_offset), pack_offset_sort);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++)
-		check_object(sorted_by_offset[i]);
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
+		struct object_entry *entry = sorted_by_offset[i];
+		check_object(entry);
+		if (big_file_threshold <= entry->size)
+			entry->no_try_delta = 1;
+	}
 
 	free(sorted_by_offset);
 }
@@ -1298,9 +1298,23 @@
 		read_lock();
 		src->data = read_sha1_file(src_entry->idx.sha1, &type, &sz);
 		read_unlock();
-		if (!src->data)
+		if (!src->data) {
+			if (src_entry->preferred_base) {
+				static int warned = 0;
+				if (!warned++)
+					warning("object %s cannot be read",
+						sha1_to_hex(src_entry->idx.sha1));
+				/*
+				 * Those objects are not included in the
+				 * resulting pack.  Be resilient and ignore
+				 * them if they can't be read, in case the
+				 * pack could be created nevertheless.
+				 */
+				return 0;
+			}
 			die("object %s cannot be read",
 			    sha1_to_hex(src_entry->idx.sha1));
+		}
 		if (sz != src_size)
 			die("object %s inconsistent object length (%lu vs %lu)",
 			    sha1_to_hex(src_entry->idx.sha1), sz, src_size);
@@ -1529,7 +1543,7 @@
 	read_unlock();
 }
 
-try_to_free_t old_try_to_free_routine;
+static try_to_free_t old_try_to_free_routine;
 
 /*
  * The main thread waits on the condition that (at least) one of the workers
diff --git a/builtin/pack-redundant.c b/builtin/pack-redundant.c
index 41e1615..f5c6afc 100644
--- a/builtin/pack-redundant.c
+++ b/builtin/pack-redundant.c
@@ -6,8 +6,7 @@
 *
 */
 
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
 
 #define BLKSIZE 512
 
diff --git a/builtin/pack-refs.c b/builtin/pack-refs.c
index 091860b..39a9d89 100644
--- a/builtin/pack-refs.c
+++ b/builtin/pack-refs.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#include "cache.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "pack-refs.h"
 
diff --git a/builtin/patch-id.c b/builtin/patch-id.c
index 5125300..f821eb3 100644
--- a/builtin/patch-id.c
+++ b/builtin/patch-id.c
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
 
 static void flush_current_id(int patchlen, unsigned char *id, git_SHA_CTX *c)
 {
@@ -57,7 +56,7 @@
 	return 1;
 }
 
-int get_one_patchid(unsigned char *next_sha1, git_SHA_CTX *ctx)
+static int get_one_patchid(unsigned char *next_sha1, git_SHA_CTX *ctx)
 {
 	static char line[1000];
 	int patchlen = 0, found_next = 0;
@@ -73,6 +72,8 @@
 			p += 7;
 		else if (!memcmp(line, "From ", 5))
 			p += 5;
+		else if (!memcmp(line, "\\ ", 2) && 12 < strlen(line))
+			continue;
 
 		if (!get_sha1_hex(p, next_sha1)) {
 			found_next = 1;
diff --git a/builtin/prune.c b/builtin/prune.c
index 99218ba..e65690b 100644
--- a/builtin/prune.c
+++ b/builtin/prune.c
@@ -125,9 +125,8 @@
 {
 	struct rev_info revs;
 	const struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "dry-run", &show_only,
-			    "do not remove, show only"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('v', "verbose", &verbose, "report pruned objects"),
+		OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only, "do not remove, show only"),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "report pruned objects"),
 		OPT_DATE(0, "expire", &expire,
 			 "expire objects older than <time>"),
 		OPT_END()
diff --git a/builtin/push.c b/builtin/push.c
index e655eb7..9cebf9e 100644
--- a/builtin/push.c
+++ b/builtin/push.c
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
 			char *tag;
 			int len;
 			if (nr <= ++i)
-				die("tag shorthand without <tag>");
+				die(_("tag shorthand without <tag>"));
 			len = strlen(refs[i]) + 11;
 			if (deleterefs) {
 				tag = xmalloc(len+1);
@@ -59,28 +59,38 @@
 			strcat(delref, ref);
 			ref = delref;
 		} else if (deleterefs)
-			die("--delete only accepts plain target ref names");
+			die(_("--delete only accepts plain target ref names"));
 		add_refspec(ref);
 	}
 }
 
-static void setup_push_tracking(void)
+static void setup_push_upstream(struct remote *remote)
 {
 	struct strbuf refspec = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct branch *branch = branch_get(NULL);
 	if (!branch)
-		die("You are not currently on a branch.");
+		die(_("You are not currently on a branch.\n"
+		    "To push the history leading to the current (detached HEAD)\n"
+		    "state now, use\n"
+		    "\n"
+		    "    git push %s HEAD:<name-of-remote-branch>\n"),
+		    remote->name);
 	if (!branch->merge_nr || !branch->merge)
-		die("The current branch %s is not tracking anything.",
+		die(_("The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
+		    "To push the current branch and set the remote as upstream, use\n"
+		    "\n"
+		    "    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"),
+		    branch->name,
+		    remote->name,
 		    branch->name);
 	if (branch->merge_nr != 1)
-		die("The current branch %s is tracking multiple branches, "
-		    "refusing to push.", branch->name);
+		die(_("The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, "
+		    "refusing to push."), branch->name);
 	strbuf_addf(&refspec, "%s:%s", branch->name, branch->merge[0]->src);
 	add_refspec(refspec.buf);
 }
 
-static void setup_default_push_refspecs(void)
+static void setup_default_push_refspecs(struct remote *remote)
 {
 	switch (push_default) {
 	default:
@@ -88,8 +98,8 @@
 		add_refspec(":");
 		break;
 
-	case PUSH_DEFAULT_TRACKING:
-		setup_push_tracking();
+	case PUSH_DEFAULT_UPSTREAM:
+		setup_push_upstream(remote);
 		break;
 
 	case PUSH_DEFAULT_CURRENT:
@@ -97,8 +107,8 @@
 		break;
 
 	case PUSH_DEFAULT_NOTHING:
-		die("You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and "
-		    "push.default is \"nothing\".");
+		die(_("You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and "
+		    "push.default is \"nothing\"."));
 		break;
 	}
 }
@@ -117,11 +127,11 @@
 		transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_THIN, "yes");
 
 	if (verbosity > 0)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Pushing to %s\n", transport->url);
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Pushing to %s\n"), transport->url);
 	err = transport_push(transport, refspec_nr, refspec, flags,
 			     &nonfastforward);
 	if (err != 0)
-		error("failed to push some refs to '%s'", transport->url);
+		error(_("failed to push some refs to '%s'"), transport->url);
 
 	err |= transport_disconnect(transport);
 
@@ -129,9 +139,9 @@
 		return 0;
 
 	if (nonfastforward && advice_push_nonfastforward) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "To prevent you from losing history, non-fast-forward updates were rejected\n"
+		fprintf(stderr, _("To prevent you from losing history, non-fast-forward updates were rejected\n"
 				"Merge the remote changes (e.g. 'git pull') before pushing again.  See the\n"
-				"'Note about fast-forwards' section of 'git push --help' for details.\n");
+				"'Note about fast-forwards' section of 'git push --help' for details.\n"));
 	}
 
 	return 1;
@@ -146,8 +156,15 @@
 
 	if (!remote) {
 		if (repo)
-			die("bad repository '%s'", repo);
-		die("No destination configured to push to.");
+			die(_("bad repository '%s'"), repo);
+		die(_("No configured push destination.\n"
+		    "Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote repository using\n"
+		    "\n"
+		    "    git remote add <name> <url>\n"
+		    "\n"
+		    "and then push using the remote name\n"
+		    "\n"
+		    "    git push <name>\n"));
 	}
 
 	if (remote->mirror)
@@ -155,19 +172,19 @@
 
 	if ((flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL) && refspec) {
 		if (!strcmp(*refspec, "refs/tags/*"))
-			return error("--all and --tags are incompatible");
-		return error("--all can't be combined with refspecs");
+			return error(_("--all and --tags are incompatible"));
+		return error(_("--all can't be combined with refspecs"));
 	}
 
 	if ((flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR) && refspec) {
 		if (!strcmp(*refspec, "refs/tags/*"))
-			return error("--mirror and --tags are incompatible");
-		return error("--mirror can't be combined with refspecs");
+			return error(_("--mirror and --tags are incompatible"));
+		return error(_("--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"));
 	}
 
 	if ((flags & (TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL|TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR)) ==
 				(TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL|TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR)) {
-		return error("--all and --mirror are incompatible");
+		return error(_("--all and --mirror are incompatible"));
 	}
 
 	if (!refspec && !(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL)) {
@@ -175,7 +192,7 @@
 			refspec = remote->push_refspec;
 			refspec_nr = remote->push_refspec_nr;
 		} else if (!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR))
-			setup_default_push_refspecs();
+			setup_default_push_refspecs(remote);
 	}
 	errs = 0;
 	if (remote->pushurl_nr) {
@@ -228,13 +245,14 @@
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
+	packet_trace_identity("push");
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, push_usage, 0);
 
 	if (deleterefs && (tags || (flags & (TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL | TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR))))
-		die("--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags");
+		die(_("--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"));
 	if (deleterefs && argc < 2)
-		die("--delete doesn't make sense without any refs");
+		die(_("--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"));
 
 	if (tags)
 		add_refspec("refs/tags/*");
diff --git a/builtin/read-tree.c b/builtin/read-tree.c
index eb1e3e7..93c9281 100644
--- a/builtin/read-tree.c
+++ b/builtin/read-tree.c
@@ -104,12 +104,12 @@
 	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
 	int prefix_set = 0;
 	const struct option read_tree_options[] = {
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "index-output", NULL, "FILE",
-		  "write resulting index to <FILE>",
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "index-output", NULL, "file",
+		  "write resulting index to <file>",
 		  PARSE_OPT_NONEG, index_output_cb },
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "empty", &read_empty,
 			    "only empty the index", 1),
-		OPT__VERBOSE(&opts.verbose_update),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&opts.verbose_update, "be verbose"),
 		OPT_GROUP("Merging"),
 		OPT_SET_INT('m', NULL, &opts.merge,
 			    "perform a merge in addition to a read", 1),
diff --git a/builtin/receive-pack.c b/builtin/receive-pack.c
index 760817d..e1ba4dc 100644
--- a/builtin/receive-pack.c
+++ b/builtin/receive-pack.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#include "cache.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "pack.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
@@ -731,43 +731,14 @@
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static int add_refs_from_alternate(struct alternate_object_database *e, void *unused)
+static void add_one_alternate_ref(const struct ref *ref, void *unused)
 {
-	char *other;
-	size_t len;
-	struct remote *remote;
-	struct transport *transport;
-	const struct ref *extra;
-
-	e->name[-1] = '\0';
-	other = xstrdup(make_absolute_path(e->base));
-	e->name[-1] = '/';
-	len = strlen(other);
-
-	while (other[len-1] == '/')
-		other[--len] = '\0';
-	if (len < 8 || memcmp(other + len - 8, "/objects", 8))
-		return 0;
-	/* Is this a git repository with refs? */
-	memcpy(other + len - 8, "/refs", 6);
-	if (!is_directory(other))
-		return 0;
-	other[len - 8] = '\0';
-	remote = remote_get(other);
-	transport = transport_get(remote, other);
-	for (extra = transport_get_remote_refs(transport);
-	     extra;
-	     extra = extra->next) {
-		add_extra_ref(".have", extra->old_sha1, 0);
-	}
-	transport_disconnect(transport);
-	free(other);
-	return 0;
+	add_extra_ref(".have", ref->old_sha1, 0);
 }
 
 static void add_alternate_refs(void)
 {
-	foreach_alt_odb(add_refs_from_alternate, NULL);
+	foreach_alt_odb(refs_from_alternate_cb, add_one_alternate_ref);
 }
 
 int cmd_receive_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
@@ -778,6 +749,8 @@
 	char *dir = NULL;
 	struct command *commands;
 
+	packet_trace_identity("receive-pack");
+
 	argv++;
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = *argv++;
diff --git a/builtin/remote-ext.c b/builtin/remote-ext.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..692c834
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin/remote-ext.c
@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "transport.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+
+/*
+ * URL syntax:
+ *	'command [arg1 [arg2 [...]]]'	Invoke command with given arguments.
+ *	Special characters:
+ *	'% ': Literal space in argument.
+ *	'%%': Literal percent sign.
+ *	'%S': Name of service (git-upload-pack/git-upload-archive/
+ *		git-receive-pack.
+ *	'%s': Same as \s, but with possible git- prefix stripped.
+ *	'%G': Only allowed as first 'character' of argument. Do not pass this
+ *		Argument to command, instead send this as name of repository
+ *		in in-line git://-style request (also activates sending this
+ *		style of request).
+ *	'%V': Only allowed as first 'character' of argument. Used in
+ *		conjunction with '%G': Do not pass this argument to command,
+ *		instead send this as vhost in git://-style request (note: does
+ *		not activate sending git:// style request).
+ */
+
+static char *git_req;
+static char *git_req_vhost;
+
+static char *strip_escapes(const char *str, const char *service,
+	const char **next)
+{
+	size_t rpos = 0;
+	int escape = 0;
+	char special = 0;
+	size_t psoff = 0;
+	struct strbuf ret = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	/* Calculate prefix length for \s and lengths for \s and \S */
+	if (!strncmp(service, "git-", 4))
+		psoff = 4;
+
+	/* Pass the service to command. */
+	setenv("GIT_EXT_SERVICE", service, 1);
+	setenv("GIT_EXT_SERVICE_NOPREFIX", service + psoff, 1);
+
+	/* Scan the length of argument. */
+	while (str[rpos] && (escape || str[rpos] != ' ')) {
+		if (escape) {
+			switch (str[rpos]) {
+			case ' ':
+			case '%':
+			case 's':
+			case 'S':
+				break;
+			case 'G':
+			case 'V':
+				special = str[rpos];
+				if (rpos == 1)
+					break;
+				/* Fall-through to error. */
+			default:
+				die("Bad remote-ext placeholder '%%%c'.",
+					str[rpos]);
+			}
+			escape = 0;
+		} else
+			escape = (str[rpos] == '%');
+		rpos++;
+	}
+	if (escape && !str[rpos])
+		die("remote-ext command has incomplete placeholder");
+	*next = str + rpos;
+	if (**next == ' ')
+		++*next;	/* Skip over space */
+
+	/*
+	 * Do the actual placeholder substitution. The string will be short
+	 * enough not to overflow integers.
+	 */
+	rpos = special ? 2 : 0;		/* Skip first 2 bytes in specials. */
+	escape = 0;
+	while (str[rpos] && (escape || str[rpos] != ' ')) {
+		if (escape) {
+			switch (str[rpos]) {
+			case ' ':
+			case '%':
+				strbuf_addch(&ret, str[rpos]);
+				break;
+			case 's':
+				strbuf_addstr(&ret, service + psoff);
+				break;
+			case 'S':
+				strbuf_addstr(&ret, service);
+				break;
+			}
+			escape = 0;
+		} else
+			switch (str[rpos]) {
+			case '%':
+				escape = 1;
+				break;
+			default:
+				strbuf_addch(&ret, str[rpos]);
+				break;
+			}
+		rpos++;
+	}
+	switch (special) {
+	case 'G':
+		git_req = strbuf_detach(&ret, NULL);
+		return NULL;
+	case 'V':
+		git_req_vhost = strbuf_detach(&ret, NULL);
+		return NULL;
+	default:
+		return strbuf_detach(&ret, NULL);
+	}
+}
+
+/* Should be enough... */
+#define MAXARGUMENTS 256
+
+static const char **parse_argv(const char *arg, const char *service)
+{
+	int arguments = 0;
+	int i;
+	const char **ret;
+	char *temparray[MAXARGUMENTS + 1];
+
+	while (*arg) {
+		char *expanded;
+		if (arguments == MAXARGUMENTS)
+			die("remote-ext command has too many arguments");
+		expanded = strip_escapes(arg, service, &arg);
+		if (expanded)
+			temparray[arguments++] = expanded;
+	}
+
+	ret = xmalloc((arguments + 1) * sizeof(char *));
+	for (i = 0; i < arguments; i++)
+		ret[i] = temparray[i];
+	ret[arguments] = NULL;
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void send_git_request(int stdin_fd, const char *serv, const char *repo,
+	const char *vhost)
+{
+	size_t bufferspace;
+	size_t wpos = 0;
+	char *buffer;
+
+	/*
+	 * Request needs 12 bytes extra if there is vhost (xxxx \0host=\0) and
+	 * 6 bytes extra (xxxx \0) if there is no vhost.
+	 */
+	if (vhost)
+		bufferspace = strlen(serv) + strlen(repo) + strlen(vhost) + 12;
+	else
+		bufferspace = strlen(serv) + strlen(repo) + 6;
+
+	if (bufferspace > 0xFFFF)
+		die("Request too large to send");
+	buffer = xmalloc(bufferspace);
+
+	/* Make the packet. */
+	wpos = sprintf(buffer, "%04x%s %s%c", (unsigned)bufferspace,
+		serv, repo, 0);
+
+	/* Add vhost if any. */
+	if (vhost)
+		sprintf(buffer + wpos, "host=%s%c", vhost, 0);
+
+	/* Send the request */
+	if (write_in_full(stdin_fd, buffer, bufferspace) < 0)
+		die_errno("Failed to send request");
+
+	free(buffer);
+}
+
+static int run_child(const char *arg, const char *service)
+{
+	int r;
+	struct child_process child;
+
+	memset(&child, 0, sizeof(child));
+	child.in = -1;
+	child.out = -1;
+	child.err = 0;
+	child.argv = parse_argv(arg, service);
+
+	if (start_command(&child) < 0)
+		die("Can't run specified command");
+
+	if (git_req)
+		send_git_request(child.in, service, git_req, git_req_vhost);
+
+	r = bidirectional_transfer_loop(child.out, child.in);
+	if (!r)
+		r = finish_command(&child);
+	else
+		finish_command(&child);
+	return r;
+}
+
+#define MAXCOMMAND 4096
+
+static int command_loop(const char *child)
+{
+	char buffer[MAXCOMMAND];
+
+	while (1) {
+		size_t i;
+		if (!fgets(buffer, MAXCOMMAND - 1, stdin)) {
+			if (ferror(stdin))
+				die("Comammand input error");
+			exit(0);
+		}
+		/* Strip end of line characters. */
+		i = strlen(buffer);
+		while (i > 0 && isspace(buffer[i - 1]))
+			buffer[--i] = 0;
+
+		if (!strcmp(buffer, "capabilities")) {
+			printf("*connect\n\n");
+			fflush(stdout);
+		} else if (!strncmp(buffer, "connect ", 8)) {
+			printf("\n");
+			fflush(stdout);
+			return run_child(child, buffer + 8);
+		} else {
+			fprintf(stderr, "Bad command");
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+int cmd_remote_ext(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	if (argc != 3)
+		die("Expected two arguments");
+
+	return command_loop(argv[2]);
+}
diff --git a/builtin/remote-fd.c b/builtin/remote-fd.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08d7121
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin/remote-fd.c
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "transport.h"
+
+/*
+ * URL syntax:
+ *	'fd::<inoutfd>[/<anything>]'		Read/write socket pair
+ *						<inoutfd>.
+ *	'fd::<infd>,<outfd>[/<anything>]'	Read pipe <infd> and write
+ *						pipe <outfd>.
+ *	[foo] indicates 'foo' is optional. <anything> is any string.
+ *
+ * The data output to <outfd>/<inoutfd> should be passed unmolested to
+ * git-receive-pack/git-upload-pack/git-upload-archive and output of
+ * git-receive-pack/git-upload-pack/git-upload-archive should be passed
+ * unmolested to <infd>/<inoutfd>.
+ *
+ */
+
+#define MAXCOMMAND 4096
+
+static void command_loop(int input_fd, int output_fd)
+{
+	char buffer[MAXCOMMAND];
+
+	while (1) {
+		size_t i;
+		if (!fgets(buffer, MAXCOMMAND - 1, stdin)) {
+			if (ferror(stdin))
+				die("Input error");
+			return;
+		}
+		/* Strip end of line characters. */
+		i = strlen(buffer);
+		while (i > 0 && isspace(buffer[i - 1]))
+			buffer[--i] = 0;
+
+		if (!strcmp(buffer, "capabilities")) {
+			printf("*connect\n\n");
+			fflush(stdout);
+		} else if (!strncmp(buffer, "connect ", 8)) {
+			printf("\n");
+			fflush(stdout);
+			if (bidirectional_transfer_loop(input_fd,
+				output_fd))
+				die("Copying data between file descriptors failed");
+			return;
+		} else {
+			die("Bad command: %s", buffer);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+int cmd_remote_fd(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int input_fd = -1;
+	int output_fd = -1;
+	char *end;
+
+	if (argc != 3)
+		die("Expected two arguments");
+
+	input_fd = (int)strtoul(argv[2], &end, 10);
+
+	if ((end == argv[2]) || (*end != ',' && *end != '/' && *end))
+		die("Bad URL syntax");
+
+	if (*end == '/' || !*end) {
+		output_fd = input_fd;
+	} else {
+		char *end2;
+		output_fd = (int)strtoul(end + 1, &end2, 10);
+
+		if ((end2 == end + 1) || (*end2 != '/' && *end2))
+			die("Bad URL syntax");
+	}
+
+	command_loop(input_fd, output_fd);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/builtin/remote.c b/builtin/remote.c
index e9a6e09..8424152 100644
--- a/builtin/remote.c
+++ b/builtin/remote.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#include "cache.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "transport.h"
 #include "remote.h"
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 static const char * const builtin_remote_usage[] = {
 	"git remote [-v | --verbose]",
-	"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--mirror] <name> <url>",
+	"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>",
 	"git remote rename <old> <new>",
 	"git remote rm <name>",
 	"git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>)",
@@ -117,6 +117,11 @@
 	TAGS_SET = 2
 };
 
+#define MIRROR_NONE 0
+#define MIRROR_FETCH 1
+#define MIRROR_PUSH 2
+#define MIRROR_BOTH (MIRROR_FETCH|MIRROR_PUSH)
+
 static int add_branch(const char *key, const char *branchname,
 		const char *remotename, int mirror, struct strbuf *tmp)
 {
@@ -131,9 +136,32 @@
 	return git_config_set_multivar(key, tmp->buf, "^$", 0);
 }
 
+static const char mirror_advice[] =
+"--mirror is dangerous and deprecated; please\n"
+"\t use --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push instead";
+
+static int parse_mirror_opt(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int not)
+{
+	unsigned *mirror = opt->value;
+	if (not)
+		*mirror = MIRROR_NONE;
+	else if (!arg) {
+		warning("%s", mirror_advice);
+		*mirror = MIRROR_BOTH;
+	}
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "fetch"))
+		*mirror = MIRROR_FETCH;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "push"))
+		*mirror = MIRROR_PUSH;
+	else
+		return error("unknown mirror argument: %s", arg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static int add(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
-	int fetch = 0, mirror = 0, fetch_tags = TAGS_DEFAULT;
+	int fetch = 0, fetch_tags = TAGS_DEFAULT;
+	unsigned mirror = MIRROR_NONE;
 	struct string_list track = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 	const char *master = NULL;
 	struct remote *remote;
@@ -151,7 +179,9 @@
 		OPT_CALLBACK('t', "track", &track, "branch",
 			"branch(es) to track", opt_parse_track),
 		OPT_STRING('m', "master", &master, "branch", "master branch"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "mirror", &mirror, "no separate remotes"),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "mirror", &mirror, "push|fetch",
+			"set up remote as a mirror to push to or fetch from",
+			PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, parse_mirror_opt },
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -161,6 +191,11 @@
 	if (argc < 2)
 		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_add_usage, options);
 
+	if (mirror && master)
+		die("specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror");
+	if (mirror && track.nr)
+		die("specifying branches to track makes no sense with --mirror");
+
 	name = argv[0];
 	url = argv[1];
 
@@ -177,18 +212,19 @@
 	if (git_config_set(buf.buf, url))
 		return 1;
 
-	strbuf_reset(&buf);
-	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s.fetch", name);
-
-	if (track.nr == 0)
-		string_list_append(&track, "*");
-	for (i = 0; i < track.nr; i++) {
-		if (add_branch(buf.buf, track.items[i].string,
-				name, mirror, &buf2))
-			return 1;
+	if (!mirror || mirror & MIRROR_FETCH) {
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s.fetch", name);
+		if (track.nr == 0)
+			string_list_append(&track, "*");
+		for (i = 0; i < track.nr; i++) {
+			if (add_branch(buf.buf, track.items[i].string,
+				       name, mirror, &buf2))
+				return 1;
+		}
 	}
 
-	if (mirror) {
+	if (mirror & MIRROR_PUSH) {
 		strbuf_reset(&buf);
 		strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s.mirror", name);
 		if (git_config_set(buf.buf, "true"))
@@ -507,7 +543,7 @@
 			return 0;
 	}
 
-	/* don't delete non-remote refs */
+	/* don't delete non-remote-tracking refs */
 	if (prefixcmp(refname, "refs/remotes")) {
 		/* advise user how to delete local branches */
 		if (!prefixcmp(refname, "refs/heads/"))
@@ -791,9 +827,9 @@
 
 	if (skipped.nr) {
 		fprintf(stderr, skipped.nr == 1 ?
-			"Note: A non-remote branch was not removed; "
+			"Note: A branch outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy was not removed;\n"
 			"to delete it, use:\n" :
-			"Note: Non-remote branches were not removed; "
+			"Note: Some branches outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy were not removed;\n"
 			"to delete them, use:\n");
 		for (i = 0; i < skipped.nr; i++)
 			fprintf(stderr, "  git branch -d %s\n",
@@ -1200,7 +1236,7 @@
 {
 	int dry_run = 0, result = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT__DRY_RUN(&dry_run),
+		OPT__DRY_RUN(&dry_run, "dry run"),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -1512,7 +1548,7 @@
 int cmd_remote(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('v', "verbose", &verbose, "be verbose; must be placed before a subcommand"),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "be verbose; must be placed before a subcommand"),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 	int result;
diff --git a/builtin/rerere.c b/builtin/rerere.c
index 642bf35..8235885 100644
--- a/builtin/rerere.c
+++ b/builtin/rerere.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
 
 static const char * const rerere_usage[] = {
-	"git rerere [clear | status | diff | gc]",
+	"git rerere [clear | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]",
 	NULL,
 };
 
@@ -136,7 +136,10 @@
 		return rerere(flags);
 
 	if (!strcmp(argv[0], "forget")) {
-		const char **pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv + 1);
+		const char **pathspec;
+		if (argc < 2)
+			warning("'git rerere forget' without paths is deprecated");
+		pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv + 1);
 		return rerere_forget(pathspec);
 	}
 
@@ -156,7 +159,17 @@
 	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "status"))
 		for (i = 0; i < merge_rr.nr; i++)
 			printf("%s\n", merge_rr.items[i].string);
-	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "diff"))
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "remaining")) {
+		rerere_remaining(&merge_rr);
+		for (i = 0; i < merge_rr.nr; i++) {
+			if (merge_rr.items[i].util != RERERE_RESOLVED)
+				printf("%s\n", merge_rr.items[i].string);
+			else
+				/* prepare for later call to
+				 * string_list_clear() */
+				merge_rr.items[i].util = NULL;
+		}
+	} else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "diff"))
 		for (i = 0; i < merge_rr.nr; i++) {
 			const char *path = merge_rr.items[i].string;
 			const char *name = (const char *)merge_rr.items[i].util;
diff --git a/builtin/reset.c b/builtin/reset.c
index 0037be4..98bca04 100644
--- a/builtin/reset.c
+++ b/builtin/reset.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2005, 2006 Linus Torvalds and Junio C Hamano
  */
-#include "cache.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "object.h"
 #include "commit.h"
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 
 enum reset_type { MIXED, SOFT, HARD, MERGE, KEEP, NONE };
 static const char *reset_type_names[] = {
-	"mixed", "soft", "hard", "merge", "keep", NULL
+	N_("mixed"), N_("soft"), N_("hard"), N_("merge"), N_("keep"), NULL
 };
 
 static char *args_to_str(const char **argv)
@@ -92,20 +92,20 @@
 	if (reset_type == KEEP) {
 		unsigned char head_sha1[20];
 		if (get_sha1("HEAD", head_sha1))
-			return error("You do not have a valid HEAD.");
+			return error(_("You do not have a valid HEAD."));
 		if (!fill_tree_descriptor(desc, head_sha1))
-			return error("Failed to find tree of HEAD.");
+			return error(_("Failed to find tree of HEAD."));
 		nr++;
 		opts.fn = twoway_merge;
 	}
 
 	if (!fill_tree_descriptor(desc + nr - 1, sha1))
-		return error("Failed to find tree of %s.", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		return error(_("Failed to find tree of %s."), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	if (unpack_trees(nr, desc, &opts))
 		return -1;
 	if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 	    commit_locked_index(lock))
-		return error("Could not write new index file.");
+		return error(_("Could not write new index file."));
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
 	const char *hex, *body;
 
 	hex = find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
-	printf("HEAD is now at %s", hex);
+	printf(_("HEAD is now at %s"), hex);
 	body = strstr(commit->buffer, "\n\n");
 	if (body) {
 		const char *eol;
@@ -139,10 +139,10 @@
 	}
 
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		return error("Could not read index");
+		return error(_("Could not read index"));
 
 	result = refresh_index(&the_index, (flags), NULL, NULL,
-			       "Unstaged changes after reset:") ? 1 : 0;
+			       _("Unstaged changes after reset:")) ? 1 : 0;
 	if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 			commit_locked_index(index_lock))
 		return error ("Could not refresh index");
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@
 			ce = make_cache_entry(one->mode, one->sha1, one->path,
 				0, 0);
 			if (!ce)
-				die("make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'",
+				die(_("make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"),
 				    one->path);
 			add_cache_entry(ce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD |
 				ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE);
@@ -222,14 +222,14 @@
 	if (!rla)
 		rla = sep = "";
 	if (snprintf(buf, size, "%s%s%s", rla, sep, action) >= size)
-		warning("Reflog action message too long: %.*s...", 50, buf);
+		warning(_("Reflog action message too long: %.*s..."), 50, buf);
 }
 
 static void die_if_unmerged_cache(int reset_type)
 {
 	if (is_merge() || read_cache() < 0 || unmerged_cache())
-		die("Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge.",
-		    reset_type_names[reset_type]);
+		die(_("Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."),
+		    _(reset_type_names[reset_type]));
 
 }
 
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@
 	struct commit *commit;
 	char *reflog_action, msg[1024];
 	const struct option options[] = {
-		OPT__QUIET(&quiet),
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, "be quiet, only report errors"),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "mixed", &reset_type,
 						"reset HEAD and index", MIXED),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "soft", &reset_type, "reset only HEAD", SOFT),
@@ -300,16 +300,16 @@
 	}
 
 	if (get_sha1(rev, sha1))
-		die("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref.", rev);
+		die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), rev);
 
 	commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
 	if (!commit)
-		die("Could not parse object '%s'.", rev);
+		die(_("Could not parse object '%s'."), rev);
 	hashcpy(sha1, commit->object.sha1);
 
 	if (patch_mode) {
 		if (reset_type != NONE)
-			die("--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}");
+			die(_("--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"));
 		return interactive_reset(rev, argv + i, prefix);
 	}
 
@@ -318,10 +318,10 @@
 	 * affecting the working tree nor HEAD. */
 	if (i < argc) {
 		if (reset_type == MIXED)
-			warning("--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead.");
+			warning(_("--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."));
 		else if (reset_type != NONE)
-			die("Cannot do %s reset with paths.",
-					reset_type_names[reset_type]);
+			die(_("Cannot do %s reset with paths."),
+					_(reset_type_names[reset_type]));
 		return read_from_tree(prefix, argv + i, sha1,
 				quiet ? REFRESH_QUIET : REFRESH_IN_PORCELAIN);
 	}
@@ -332,8 +332,8 @@
 		setup_work_tree();
 
 	if (reset_type == MIXED && is_bare_repository())
-		die("%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository",
-		    reset_type_names[reset_type]);
+		die(_("%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"),
+		    _(reset_type_names[reset_type]));
 
 	/* Soft reset does not touch the index file nor the working tree
 	 * at all, but requires them in a good order.  Other resets reset
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@
 		if (reset_type == KEEP)
 			err = err || reset_index_file(sha1, MIXED, quiet);
 		if (err)
-			die("Could not reset index file to revision '%s'.", rev);
+			die(_("Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."), rev);
 	}
 
 	/* Any resets update HEAD to the head being switched to,
diff --git a/builtin/rev-list.c b/builtin/rev-list.c
index 158ce11..9bfb942 100644
--- a/builtin/rev-list.c
+++ b/builtin/rev-list.c
@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@
 "    --min-age=<epoch>\n"
 "    --sparse\n"
 "    --no-merges\n"
+"    --min-parents=<n>\n"
+"    --no-min-parents\n"
+"    --max-parents=<n>\n"
+"    --no-max-parents\n"
 "    --remove-empty\n"
 "    --all\n"
 "    --branches\n"
@@ -64,18 +68,8 @@
 	if (info->header_prefix)
 		fputs(info->header_prefix, stdout);
 
-	if (!revs->graph) {
-		if (commit->object.flags & BOUNDARY)
-			putchar('-');
-		else if (commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
-			putchar('^');
-		else if (revs->left_right) {
-			if (commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT)
-				putchar('<');
-			else
-				putchar('>');
-		}
-	}
+	if (!revs->graph)
+		fputs(get_revision_mark(revs, commit), stdout);
 	if (revs->abbrev_commit && revs->abbrev)
 		fputs(find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, revs->abbrev),
 		      stdout);
@@ -147,8 +141,10 @@
 			}
 		} else {
 			if (revs->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT ||
-			    buf.len)
-				printf("%s%c", buf.buf, info->hdr_termination);
+			    buf.len) {
+				fwrite(buf.buf, 1, buf.len, stdout);
+				putchar(info->hdr_termination);
+			}
 		}
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 	} else {
diff --git a/builtin/rev-parse.c b/builtin/rev-parse.c
index a5a1c86..adb1cae 100644
--- a/builtin/rev-parse.c
+++ b/builtin/rev-parse.c
@@ -48,6 +48,10 @@
 		"--max-count=",
 		"--min-age=",
 		"--no-merges",
+		"--min-parents=",
+		"--no-min-parents",
+		"--max-parents=",
+		"--no-max-parents",
 		"--objects",
 		"--objects-edge",
 		"--parents",
diff --git a/builtin/revert.c b/builtin/revert.c
index 57b51e4..1f27c63 100644
--- a/builtin/revert.c
+++ b/builtin/revert.c
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 #include "object.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tag.h"
-#include "wt-status.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
@@ -44,7 +43,11 @@
 static int allow_rerere_auto;
 
 static const char *me;
+
+/* Merge strategy. */
 static const char *strategy;
+static const char **xopts;
+static size_t xopts_nr, xopts_alloc;
 
 #define GIT_REFLOG_ACTION "GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"
 
@@ -55,6 +58,17 @@
 	return action == REVERT ? revert_usage : cherry_pick_usage;
 }
 
+static int option_parse_x(const struct option *opt,
+			  const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	if (unset)
+		return 0;
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(xopts, xopts_nr + 1, xopts_alloc);
+	xopts[xopts_nr++] = xstrdup(arg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static void parse_args(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	const char * const * usage_str = revert_or_cherry_pick_usage();
@@ -62,11 +76,14 @@
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "no-commit", &no_commit, "don't automatically commit"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('e', "edit", &edit, "edit the commit message"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('r', NULL, &noop, "no-op (backward compatibility)"),
+		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 'r', NULL, &noop, NULL, "no-op (backward compatibility)",
+		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN, NULL, 0 },
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "signoff", &signoff, "add Signed-off-by:"),
 		OPT_INTEGER('m', "mainline", &mainline, "parent number"),
 		OPT_RERERE_AUTOUPDATE(&allow_rerere_auto),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "strategy", &strategy, "strategy", "merge strategy"),
+		OPT_CALLBACK('X', "strategy-option", &xopts, "option",
+			"option for merge strategy", option_parse_x),
 		OPT_END(),
 		OPT_END(),
 		OPT_END(),
@@ -79,7 +96,7 @@
 			OPT_END(),
 		};
 		if (parse_options_concat(options, ARRAY_SIZE(options), cp_extra))
-			die("program error");
+			die(_("program error"));
 	}
 
 	commit_argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, usage_str,
@@ -151,7 +168,7 @@
 	const char *p = message, *eol;
 
 	if (!p)
-		die ("Could not read commit message of %s",
+		die (_("Could not read commit message of %s"),
 				sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 	while (*p && *p != '\n') {
 		for (eol = p + 1; *eol && *eol != '\n'; eol++)
@@ -181,54 +198,20 @@
 	strbuf_addstr(msgbuf, p);
 }
 
-static void set_author_ident_env(const char *message)
+static void write_cherry_pick_head(void)
 {
-	const char *p = message;
-	if (!p)
-		die ("Could not read commit message of %s",
-				sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
-	while (*p && *p != '\n') {
-		const char *eol;
+	int fd;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-		for (eol = p; *eol && *eol != '\n'; eol++)
-			; /* do nothing */
-		if (!prefixcmp(p, "author ")) {
-			char *line, *pend, *email, *timestamp;
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s\n", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 
-			p += 7;
-			line = xmemdupz(p, eol - p);
-			email = strchr(line, '<');
-			if (!email)
-				die ("Could not extract author email from %s",
-					sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
-			if (email == line)
-				pend = line;
-			else
-				for (pend = email; pend != line + 1 &&
-						isspace(pend[-1]); pend--);
-					; /* do nothing */
-			*pend = '\0';
-			email++;
-			timestamp = strchr(email, '>');
-			if (!timestamp)
-				die ("Could not extract author time from %s",
-					sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
-			*timestamp = '\0';
-			for (timestamp++; *timestamp && isspace(*timestamp);
-					timestamp++)
-				; /* do nothing */
-			setenv("GIT_AUTHOR_NAME", line, 1);
-			setenv("GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL", email, 1);
-			setenv("GIT_AUTHOR_DATE", timestamp, 1);
-			free(line);
-			return;
-		}
-		p = eol;
-		if (*p == '\n')
-			p++;
-	}
-	die ("No author information found in %s",
-			sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+	fd = open(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"),
+			  git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"));
+	if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len || close(fd))
+		die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"));
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
 static void advise(const char *advice, ...)
@@ -246,15 +229,18 @@
 
 	if (msg) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", msg);
+		/*
+		 * A conflict has occured but the porcelain
+		 * (typically rebase --interactive) wants to take care
+		 * of the commit itself so remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD
+		 */
+		unlink(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"));
 		return;
 	}
 
 	advise("after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths");
 	advise("with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'");
-
-	if (action == CHERRY_PICK)
-		advise("and commit the result with 'git commit -c %s'",
-		       find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+	advise("and commit the result with 'git commit'");
 }
 
 static void write_message(struct strbuf *msgbuf, const char *filename)
@@ -264,10 +250,10 @@
 	int msg_fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&msg_file, filename,
 					       LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 	if (write_in_full(msg_fd, msgbuf->buf, msgbuf->len) < 0)
-		die_errno("Could not write to %s.", filename);
+		die_errno(_("Could not write to %s."), filename);
 	strbuf_release(msgbuf);
 	if (commit_lock_file(&msg_file) < 0)
-		die("Error wrapping up %s", filename);
+		die(_("Error wrapping up %s"), filename);
 }
 
 static struct tree *empty_tree(void)
@@ -285,11 +271,19 @@
 	if (read_cache_unmerged()) {
 		die_resolve_conflict(me);
 	} else {
-		if (advice_commit_before_merge)
-			die("Your local changes would be overwritten by %s.\n"
-			    "Please, commit your changes or stash them to proceed.", me);
-		else
-			die("Your local changes would be overwritten by %s.\n", me);
+		if (advice_commit_before_merge) {
+			if (action == REVERT)
+				die(_("Your local changes would be overwritten by revert.\n"
+					  "Please, commit your changes or stash them to proceed."));
+			else
+				die(_("Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick.\n"
+					  "Please, commit your changes or stash them to proceed."));
+		} else {
+			if (action == REVERT)
+				die(_("Your local changes would be overwritten by revert.\n"));
+			else
+				die(_("Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick.\n"));
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -311,18 +305,13 @@
 	struct merge_options o;
 	struct tree *result, *next_tree, *base_tree, *head_tree;
 	int clean, index_fd;
+	const char **xopt;
 	static struct lock_file index_lock;
 
 	index_fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
 
 	read_cache();
 
-	/*
-	 * NEEDSWORK: cherry-picking between branches with
-	 * different end-of-line normalization is a pain;
-	 * plumb in an option to set o.renormalize?
-	 * (or better: arbitrary -X options)
-	 */
 	init_merge_options(&o);
 	o.ancestor = base ? base_label : "(empty tree)";
 	o.branch1 = "HEAD";
@@ -332,6 +321,9 @@
 	next_tree = next ? next->tree : empty_tree();
 	base_tree = base ? base->tree : empty_tree();
 
+	for (xopt = xopts; xopt != xopts + xopts_nr; xopt++)
+		parse_merge_opt(&o, *xopt);
+
 	clean = merge_trees(&o,
 			    head_tree,
 			    next_tree, base_tree, &result);
@@ -339,7 +331,8 @@
 	if (active_cache_changed &&
 	    (write_cache(index_fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 	     commit_locked_index(&index_lock)))
-		die("%s: Unable to write new index file", me);
+		/* TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick" */
+		die(_("%s: Unable to write new index file"), me);
 	rollback_lock_file(&index_lock);
 
 	if (!clean) {
@@ -405,18 +398,16 @@
 		 * to work on.
 		 */
 		if (write_cache_as_tree(head, 0, NULL))
-			die ("Your index file is unmerged.");
+			die (_("Your index file is unmerged."));
 	} else {
 		if (get_sha1("HEAD", head))
-			die ("You do not have a valid HEAD");
+			die (_("You do not have a valid HEAD"));
 		if (index_differs_from("HEAD", 0))
 			die_dirty_index(me);
 	}
 	discard_cache();
 
 	if (!commit->parents) {
-		if (action == REVERT)
-			die ("Cannot revert a root commit");
 		parent = NULL;
 	}
 	else if (commit->parents->next) {
@@ -425,7 +416,7 @@
 		struct commit_list *p;
 
 		if (!mainline)
-			die("Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given.",
+			die(_("Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."),
 			    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 
 		for (cnt = 1, p = commit->parents;
@@ -433,11 +424,11 @@
 		     cnt++)
 			p = p->next;
 		if (cnt != mainline || !p)
-			die("Commit %s does not have parent %d",
+			die(_("Commit %s does not have parent %d"),
 			    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1), mainline);
 		parent = p->item;
 	} else if (0 < mainline)
-		die("Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge.",
+		die(_("Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."),
 		    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 	else
 		parent = commit->parents->item;
@@ -446,11 +437,13 @@
 		return fast_forward_to(commit->object.sha1, head);
 
 	if (parent && parse_commit(parent) < 0)
-		die("%s: cannot parse parent commit %s",
+		/* TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
+		   "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1 */
+		die(_("%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"),
 		    me, sha1_to_hex(parent->object.sha1));
 
 	if (get_message(commit->buffer, &msg) != 0)
-		die("Cannot get commit message for %s",
+		die(_("Cannot get commit message for %s"),
 				sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 
 	/*
@@ -472,7 +465,7 @@
 		strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, "\"\n\nThis reverts commit ");
 		strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 
-		if (commit->parents->next) {
+		if (commit->parents && commit->parents->next) {
 			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, ", reversing\nchanges made to ");
 			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, sha1_to_hex(parent->object.sha1));
 		}
@@ -482,13 +475,14 @@
 		base_label = msg.parent_label;
 		next = commit;
 		next_label = msg.label;
-		set_author_ident_env(msg.message);
 		add_message_to_msg(&msgbuf, msg.message);
 		if (no_replay) {
 			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, "(cherry picked from commit ");
 			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, ")\n");
 		}
+		if (!no_commit)
+			write_cherry_pick_head();
 	}
 
 	if (!strategy || !strcmp(strategy, "recursive") || action == REVERT) {
@@ -503,15 +497,16 @@
 
 		commit_list_insert(base, &common);
 		commit_list_insert(next, &remotes);
-		res = try_merge_command(strategy, common,
+		res = try_merge_command(strategy, xopts_nr, xopts, common,
 					sha1_to_hex(head), remotes);
 		free_commit_list(common);
 		free_commit_list(remotes);
 	}
 
 	if (res) {
-		error("could not %s %s... %s",
-		      action == REVERT ? "revert" : "apply",
+		error(action == REVERT
+		      ? _("could not revert %s... %s")
+		      : _("could not apply %s... %s"),
 		      find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV),
 		      msg.subject);
 		print_advice();
@@ -541,10 +536,25 @@
 		usage(*revert_or_cherry_pick_usage());
 
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(revs))
-		die("revision walk setup failed");
+		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
 
 	if (!revs->commits)
-		die("empty commit set passed");
+		die(_("empty commit set passed"));
+}
+
+static void read_and_refresh_cache(const char *me)
+{
+	static struct lock_file index_lock;
+	int index_fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 0);
+	if (read_index_preload(&the_index, NULL) < 0)
+		die(_("git %s: failed to read the index"), me);
+	refresh_index(&the_index, REFRESH_QUIET|REFRESH_UNMERGED, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+	if (the_index.cache_changed) {
+		if (write_index(&the_index, index_fd) ||
+		    commit_locked_index(&index_lock))
+			die(_("git %s: failed to refresh the index"), me);
+	}
+	rollback_lock_file(&index_lock);
 }
 
 static int revert_or_cherry_pick(int argc, const char **argv)
@@ -558,17 +568,16 @@
 
 	if (allow_ff) {
 		if (signoff)
-			die("cherry-pick --ff cannot be used with --signoff");
+			die(_("cherry-pick --ff cannot be used with --signoff"));
 		if (no_commit)
-			die("cherry-pick --ff cannot be used with --no-commit");
+			die(_("cherry-pick --ff cannot be used with --no-commit"));
 		if (no_replay)
-			die("cherry-pick --ff cannot be used with -x");
+			die(_("cherry-pick --ff cannot be used with -x"));
 		if (edit)
-			die("cherry-pick --ff cannot be used with --edit");
+			die(_("cherry-pick --ff cannot be used with --edit"));
 	}
 
-	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		die("git %s: failed to read the index", me);
+	read_and_refresh_cache(me);
 
 	prepare_revs(&revs);
 
diff --git a/builtin/rm.c b/builtin/rm.c
index f3772c8..90c8a50 100644
--- a/builtin/rm.c
+++ b/builtin/rm.c
@@ -20,15 +20,6 @@
 	const char **name;
 } list;
 
-static void add_list(const char *name)
-{
-	if (list.nr >= list.alloc) {
-		list.alloc = alloc_nr(list.alloc);
-		list.name = xrealloc(list.name, list.alloc * sizeof(const char *));
-	}
-	list.name[list.nr++] = name;
-}
-
 static int check_local_mod(unsigned char *head, int index_only)
 {
 	/*
@@ -115,19 +106,19 @@
 		 */
 		if (local_changes && staged_changes) {
 			if (!index_only || !(ce->ce_flags & CE_INTENT_TO_ADD))
-				errs = error("'%s' has staged content different "
+				errs = error(_("'%s' has staged content different "
 					     "from both the file and the HEAD\n"
-					     "(use -f to force removal)", name);
+					     "(use -f to force removal)"), name);
 		}
 		else if (!index_only) {
 			if (staged_changes)
-				errs = error("'%s' has changes staged in the index\n"
+				errs = error(_("'%s' has changes staged in the index\n"
 					     "(use --cached to keep the file, "
-					     "or -f to force removal)", name);
+					     "or -f to force removal)"), name);
 			if (local_changes)
-				errs = error("'%s' has local modifications\n"
+				errs = error(_("'%s' has local modifications\n"
 					     "(use --cached to keep the file, "
-					     "or -f to force removal)", name);
+					     "or -f to force removal)"), name);
 		}
 	}
 	return errs;
@@ -139,10 +130,10 @@
 static int ignore_unmatch = 0;
 
 static struct option builtin_rm_options[] = {
-	OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only),
-	OPT__QUIET(&quiet),
+	OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only, "dry run"),
+	OPT__QUIET(&quiet, "do not list removed files"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "cached",         &index_only, "only remove from the index"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force",          &force,      "override the up-to-date check"),
+	OPT__FORCE(&force, "override the up-to-date check"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('r', NULL,             &recursive,  "allow recursive removal"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "ignore-unmatch", &ignore_unmatch,
 				"exit with a zero status even if nothing matched"),
@@ -168,7 +159,7 @@
 	newfd = hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 1);
 
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		die("index file corrupt");
+		die(_("index file corrupt"));
 
 	pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
 	refresh_index(&the_index, REFRESH_QUIET, pathspec, NULL, NULL);
@@ -182,7 +173,8 @@
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
 		if (!match_pathspec(pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, seen))
 			continue;
-		add_list(ce->name);
+		ALLOC_GROW(list.name, list.nr + 1, list.alloc);
+		list.name[list.nr++] = ce->name;
 	}
 
 	if (pathspec) {
@@ -191,7 +183,7 @@
 		for (i = 0; (match = pathspec[i]) != NULL ; i++) {
 			if (!seen[i]) {
 				if (!ignore_unmatch) {
-					die("pathspec '%s' did not match any files",
+					die(_("pathspec '%s' did not match any files"),
 					    match);
 				}
 			}
@@ -199,7 +191,7 @@
 				seen_any = 1;
 			}
 			if (!recursive && seen[i] == MATCHED_RECURSIVELY)
-				die("not removing '%s' recursively without -r",
+				die(_("not removing '%s' recursively without -r"),
 				    *match ? match : ".");
 		}
 
@@ -235,7 +227,7 @@
 			printf("rm '%s'\n", path);
 
 		if (remove_file_from_cache(path))
-			die("git rm: unable to remove %s", path);
+			die(_("git rm: unable to remove %s"), path);
 	}
 
 	if (show_only)
@@ -265,7 +257,7 @@
 	if (active_cache_changed) {
 		if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 		    commit_locked_index(&lock_file))
-			die("Unable to write new index file");
+			die(_("Unable to write new index file"));
 	}
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/builtin/send-pack.c b/builtin/send-pack.c
index 481602d..c1f6ddd 100644
--- a/builtin/send-pack.c
+++ b/builtin/send-pack.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#include "cache.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
 		NULL,
 		NULL,
 		NULL,
+		NULL,
 	};
 	struct child_process po;
 	int i;
@@ -59,6 +60,8 @@
 		argv[i++] = "--delta-base-offset";
 	if (args->quiet)
 		argv[i++] = "-q";
+	if (args->progress)
+		argv[i++] = "--progress";
 	memset(&po, 0, sizeof(po));
 	po.argv = argv;
 	po.in = -1;
@@ -101,7 +104,7 @@
 	}
 
 	if (finish_command(&po))
-		return error("pack-objects died with strange error");
+		return -1;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -225,8 +228,11 @@
 
 static int sideband_demux(int in, int out, void *data)
 {
-	int *fd = data;
-	int ret = recv_sideband("send-pack", fd[0], out);
+	int *fd = data, ret;
+#ifdef NO_PTHREADS
+	close(fd[1]);
+#endif
+	ret = recv_sideband("send-pack", fd[0], out);
 	close(out);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -336,6 +342,10 @@
 		if (pack_objects(out, remote_refs, extra_have, args) < 0) {
 			for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
 				ref->status = REF_STATUS_NONE;
+			if (args->stateless_rpc)
+				close(out);
+			if (git_connection_is_socket(conn))
+				shutdown(fd[0], SHUT_WR);
 			if (use_sideband)
 				finish_async(&demux);
 			return -1;
diff --git a/builtin/shortlog.c b/builtin/shortlog.c
index 2135b0d..f5efc67 100644
--- a/builtin/shortlog.c
+++ b/builtin/shortlog.c
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@
 		buffer = eol;
 	}
 	if (!author)
-		die("Missing author: %s",
+		die(_("Missing author: %s"),
 		    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 	if (log->user_format) {
 		struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@
 	struct commit *commit;
 
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(rev))
-		die("revision walk setup failed");
+		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
 	while ((commit = get_revision(rev)) != NULL)
 		shortlog_add_commit(log, commit);
 }
@@ -268,8 +268,8 @@
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 	shortlog_init(&log);
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
-	parse_options_start(&ctx, argc, argv, prefix, PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH |
-			    PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0);
+	parse_options_start(&ctx, argc, argv, prefix, options,
+			    PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH | PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0);
 
 	for (;;) {
 		switch (parse_options_step(&ctx, options, shortlog_usage)) {
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@
 	argc = parse_options_end(&ctx);
 
 	if (setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL) != 1) {
-		error("unrecognized argument: %s", argv[1]);
+		error(_("unrecognized argument: %s"), argv[1]);
 		usage_with_options(shortlog_usage, options);
 	}
 
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@
 		add_head_to_pending(&rev);
 	if (rev.pending.nr == 0) {
 		if (isatty(0))
-			fprintf(stderr, "(reading log message from standard input)\n");
+			fprintf(stderr, _("(reading log message from standard input)\n"));
 		read_from_stdin(&log);
 	}
 	else
diff --git a/builtin/show-branch.c b/builtin/show-branch.c
index 8663cca..da69581 100644
--- a/builtin/show-branch.c
+++ b/builtin/show-branch.c
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@
 			if (mark_seen(p, seen_p) && !still_interesting)
 				extra--;
 			p->object.flags |= flags;
-			insert_by_date(p, list_p);
+			commit_list_insert_by_date(p, list_p);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -859,7 +859,7 @@
 		 */
 		commit->object.flags |= flag;
 		if (commit->object.flags == flag)
-			insert_by_date(commit, &list);
+			commit_list_insert_by_date(commit, &list);
 		rev[num_rev] = commit;
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < num_rev; i++)
@@ -868,7 +868,7 @@
 	if (0 <= extra)
 		join_revs(&list, &seen, num_rev, extra);
 
-	sort_by_date(&seen);
+	commit_list_sort_by_date(&seen);
 
 	if (merge_base)
 		return show_merge_base(seen, num_rev);
diff --git a/builtin/show-ref.c b/builtin/show-ref.c
index be9b512..45f0340 100644
--- a/builtin/show-ref.c
+++ b/builtin/show-ref.c
@@ -193,7 +193,8 @@
 	  "only show SHA1 hash using <n> digits",
 	  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, &hash_callback },
 	OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
-	OPT__QUIET(&quiet),
+	OPT__QUIET(&quiet,
+		   "do not print results to stdout (useful with --verify)"),
 	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "exclude-existing", &exclude_existing_arg,
 	  "pattern", "show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository",
 	  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, exclude_existing_callback },
diff --git a/builtin/symbolic-ref.c b/builtin/symbolic-ref.c
index ca855a5..dea849c 100644
--- a/builtin/symbolic-ref.c
+++ b/builtin/symbolic-ref.c
@@ -30,7 +30,8 @@
 	int quiet = 0;
 	const char *msg = NULL;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT__QUIET(&quiet),
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet,
+			"suppress error message for non-symbolic (detached) refs"),
 		OPT_STRING('m', NULL, &msg, "reason", "reason of the update"),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
diff --git a/builtin/tag.c b/builtin/tag.c
index d311491..b66b34a 100644
--- a/builtin/tag.c
+++ b/builtin/tag.c
@@ -29,8 +29,6 @@
 	struct commit_list *with_commit;
 };
 
-#define PGP_SIGNATURE "-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----"
-
 static int show_reference(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
 			  int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
@@ -70,9 +68,9 @@
 			return 0;
 		}
 		/* only take up to "lines" lines, and strip the signature */
+		size = parse_signature(buf, size);
 		for (i = 0, sp += 2;
-				i < filter->lines && sp < buf + size &&
-				prefixcmp(sp, PGP_SIGNATURE "\n");
+				i < filter->lines && sp < buf + size;
 				i++) {
 			if (i)
 				printf("\n    ");
@@ -120,12 +118,12 @@
 	for (p = argv; *p; p++) {
 		if (snprintf(ref, sizeof(ref), "refs/tags/%s", *p)
 					>= sizeof(ref)) {
-			error("tag name too long: %.*s...", 50, *p);
+			error(_("tag name too long: %.*s..."), 50, *p);
 			had_error = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!resolve_ref(ref, sha1, 1, NULL)) {
-			error("tag '%s' not found.", *p);
+			error(_("tag '%s' not found."), *p);
 			had_error = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -140,7 +138,7 @@
 {
 	if (delete_ref(ref, sha1, 0))
 		return 1;
-	printf("Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n", name, find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+	printf(_("Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"), name, find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -152,7 +150,7 @@
 	argv_verify_tag[2] = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
 
 	if (run_command_v_opt(argv_verify_tag, RUN_GIT_CMD))
-		return error("could not verify the tag '%s'", name);
+		return error(_("could not verify the tag '%s'"), name);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -167,7 +165,7 @@
 	if (!*signingkey) {
 		if (strlcpy(signingkey, git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME),
 				sizeof(signingkey)) > sizeof(signingkey) - 1)
-			return error("committer info too long.");
+			return error(_("committer info too long."));
 		bracket = strchr(signingkey, '>');
 		if (bracket)
 			bracket[1] = '\0';
@@ -187,20 +185,20 @@
 	args[3] = NULL;
 
 	if (start_command(&gpg))
-		return error("could not run gpg.");
+		return error(_("could not run gpg."));
 
 	if (write_in_full(gpg.in, buffer->buf, buffer->len) != buffer->len) {
 		close(gpg.in);
 		close(gpg.out);
 		finish_command(&gpg);
-		return error("gpg did not accept the tag data");
+		return error(_("gpg did not accept the tag data"));
 	}
 	close(gpg.in);
 	len = strbuf_read(buffer, gpg.out, 1024);
 	close(gpg.out);
 
 	if (finish_command(&gpg) || !len || len < 0)
-		return error("gpg failed to sign the tag");
+		return error(_("gpg failed to sign the tag"));
 
 	/* Strip CR from the line endings, in case we are on Windows. */
 	for (i = j = 0; i < buffer->len; i++)
@@ -215,15 +213,15 @@
 }
 
 static const char tag_template[] =
-	"\n"
+	N_("\n"
 	"#\n"
 	"# Write a tag message\n"
-	"#\n";
+	"#\n");
 
 static void set_signingkey(const char *value)
 {
 	if (strlcpy(signingkey, value, sizeof(signingkey)) >= sizeof(signingkey))
-		die("signing key value too long (%.10s...)", value);
+		die(_("signing key value too long (%.10s...)"), value);
 }
 
 static int git_tag_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
@@ -242,8 +240,7 @@
 {
 	unsigned long size;
 	enum object_type type;
-	char *buf, *sp, *eob;
-	size_t len;
+	char *buf, *sp;
 
 	buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
 	if (!buf)
@@ -256,12 +253,7 @@
 		return;
 	}
 	sp += 2; /* skip the 2 LFs */
-	eob = strstr(sp, "\n" PGP_SIGNATURE "\n");
-	if (eob)
-		len = eob - sp;
-	else
-		len = buf + size - sp;
-	write_or_die(fd, sp, len);
+	write_or_die(fd, sp, parse_signature(sp, buf + size - sp));
 
 	free(buf);
 }
@@ -269,9 +261,9 @@
 static int build_tag_object(struct strbuf *buf, int sign, unsigned char *result)
 {
 	if (sign && do_sign(buf) < 0)
-		return error("unable to sign the tag");
+		return error(_("unable to sign the tag"));
 	if (write_sha1_file(buf->buf, buf->len, tag_type, result) < 0)
-		return error("unable to write tag file");
+		return error(_("unable to write tag file"));
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -286,7 +278,7 @@
 
 	type = sha1_object_info(object, NULL);
 	if (type <= OBJ_NONE)
-	    die("bad object type.");
+	    die(_("bad object type."));
 
 	header_len = snprintf(header_buf, sizeof(header_buf),
 			  "object %s\n"
@@ -299,7 +291,7 @@
 			  git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME));
 
 	if (header_len > sizeof(header_buf) - 1)
-		die("tag header too big.");
+		die(_("tag header too big."));
 
 	if (!message) {
 		int fd;
@@ -308,17 +300,17 @@
 		path = git_pathdup("TAG_EDITMSG");
 		fd = open(path, O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_WRONLY, 0600);
 		if (fd < 0)
-			die_errno("could not create file '%s'", path);
+			die_errno(_("could not create file '%s'"), path);
 
 		if (!is_null_sha1(prev))
 			write_tag_body(fd, prev);
 		else
-			write_or_die(fd, tag_template, strlen(tag_template));
+			write_or_die(fd, _(tag_template), strlen(_(tag_template)));
 		close(fd);
 
 		if (launch_editor(path, buf, NULL)) {
 			fprintf(stderr,
-			"Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n");
+			_("Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"));
 			exit(1);
 		}
 	}
@@ -326,13 +318,13 @@
 	stripspace(buf, 1);
 
 	if (!message && !buf->len)
-		die("no tag message?");
+		die(_("no tag message?"));
 
 	strbuf_insert(buf, 0, header_buf, header_len);
 
 	if (build_tag_object(buf, sign, result) < 0) {
 		if (path)
-			fprintf(stderr, "The tag message has been left in %s\n",
+			fprintf(stderr, _("The tag message has been left in %s\n"),
 				path);
 		exit(128);
 	}
@@ -384,13 +376,13 @@
 		OPT_GROUP("Tag creation options"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('a', NULL, &annotate,
 					"annotated tag, needs a message"),
-		OPT_CALLBACK('m', NULL, &msg, "msg",
-			     "message for the tag", parse_msg_arg),
-		OPT_FILENAME('F', NULL, &msgfile, "message in a file"),
+		OPT_CALLBACK('m', NULL, &msg, "message",
+			     "tag message", parse_msg_arg),
+		OPT_FILENAME('F', NULL, &msgfile, "read message from file"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('s', NULL, &sign, "annotated and GPG-signed tag"),
 		OPT_STRING('u', NULL, &keyid, "key-id",
 					"use another key to sign the tag"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &force, "replace the tag if exists"),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force, "replace the tag if exists"),
 
 		OPT_GROUP("Tag listing options"),
 		{
@@ -425,9 +417,9 @@
 		return list_tags(argv[0], lines == -1 ? 0 : lines,
 				 with_commit);
 	if (lines != -1)
-		die("-n option is only allowed with -l.");
+		die(_("-n option is only allowed with -l."));
 	if (with_commit)
-		die("--contains option is only allowed with -l.");
+		die(_("--contains option is only allowed with -l."));
 	if (delete)
 		return for_each_tag_name(argv, delete_tag);
 	if (verify)
@@ -435,17 +427,17 @@
 
 	if (msg.given || msgfile) {
 		if (msg.given && msgfile)
-			die("only one -F or -m option is allowed.");
+			die(_("only one -F or -m option is allowed."));
 		annotate = 1;
 		if (msg.given)
 			strbuf_addbuf(&buf, &(msg.buf));
 		else {
 			if (!strcmp(msgfile, "-")) {
 				if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 1024) < 0)
-					die_errno("cannot read '%s'", msgfile);
+					die_errno(_("cannot read '%s'"), msgfile);
 			} else {
 				if (strbuf_read_file(&buf, msgfile, 1024) < 0)
-					die_errno("could not open or read '%s'",
+					die_errno(_("could not open or read '%s'"),
 						msgfile);
 			}
 		}
@@ -455,20 +447,20 @@
 
 	object_ref = argc == 2 ? argv[1] : "HEAD";
 	if (argc > 2)
-		die("too many params");
+		die(_("too many params"));
 
 	if (get_sha1(object_ref, object))
-		die("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref.", object_ref);
+		die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), object_ref);
 
 	if (snprintf(ref, sizeof(ref), "refs/tags/%s", tag) > sizeof(ref) - 1)
-		die("tag name too long: %.*s...", 50, tag);
+		die(_("tag name too long: %.*s..."), 50, tag);
 	if (check_ref_format(ref))
-		die("'%s' is not a valid tag name.", tag);
+		die(_("'%s' is not a valid tag name."), tag);
 
 	if (!resolve_ref(ref, prev, 1, NULL))
 		hashclr(prev);
 	else if (!force)
-		die("tag '%s' already exists", tag);
+		die(_("tag '%s' already exists"), tag);
 
 	if (annotate)
 		create_tag(object, tag, &buf, msg.given || msgfile,
@@ -476,11 +468,11 @@
 
 	lock = lock_any_ref_for_update(ref, prev, 0);
 	if (!lock)
-		die("%s: cannot lock the ref", ref);
+		die(_("%s: cannot lock the ref"), ref);
 	if (write_ref_sha1(lock, object, NULL) < 0)
-		die("%s: cannot update the ref", ref);
+		die(_("%s: cannot update the ref"), ref);
 	if (force && hashcmp(prev, object))
-		printf("Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n", tag, find_unique_abbrev(prev, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+		printf(_("Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"), tag, find_unique_abbrev(prev, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	return 0;
diff --git a/builtin/unpack-file.c b/builtin/unpack-file.c
index 608590a..1920029 100644
--- a/builtin/unpack-file.c
+++ b/builtin/unpack-file.c
@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "blob.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
 
 static char *create_temp_file(unsigned char *sha1)
 {
diff --git a/builtin/update-index.c b/builtin/update-index.c
index 62d9f3f..d7850c6 100644
--- a/builtin/update-index.c
+++ b/builtin/update-index.c
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "resolve-undo.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
 /*
  * Default to not allowing changes to the list of files. The
@@ -397,8 +398,10 @@
 	strbuf_release(&uq);
 }
 
-static const char update_index_usage[] =
-"git update-index [-q] [--add] [--replace] [--remove] [--unmerged] [--refresh] [--really-refresh] [--cacheinfo] [--chmod=(+|-)x] [--assume-unchanged] [--skip-worktree|--no-skip-worktree] [--info-only] [--force-remove] [--stdin] [--index-info] [--unresolve] [--again | -g] [--ignore-missing] [-z] [--verbose] [--] [<file>...]";
+static const char * const update_index_usage[] = {
+	"git update-index [options] [--] [<file>...]",
+	NULL
+};
 
 static unsigned char head_sha1[20];
 static unsigned char merge_head_sha1[20];
@@ -543,7 +546,10 @@
 	 */
 	int pos;
 	int has_head = 1;
-	const char **pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, av + 1);
+	const char **paths = get_pathspec(prefix, av + 1);
+	struct pathspec pathspec;
+
+	init_pathspec(&pathspec, paths);
 
 	if (read_ref("HEAD", head_sha1))
 		/* If there is no HEAD, that means it is an initial
@@ -556,7 +562,7 @@
 		struct cache_entry *old = NULL;
 		int save_nr;
 
-		if (ce_stage(ce) || !ce_path_match(ce, pathspec))
+		if (ce_stage(ce) || !ce_path_match(ce, &pathspec))
 			continue;
 		if (has_head)
 			old = read_one_ent(NULL, head_sha1,
@@ -575,19 +581,218 @@
 		if (save_nr != active_nr)
 			goto redo;
 	}
+	free_pathspec(&pathspec);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct refresh_params {
+	unsigned int flags;
+	int *has_errors;
+};
+
+static int refresh(struct refresh_params *o, unsigned int flag)
+{
+	setup_work_tree();
+	*o->has_errors |= refresh_cache(o->flags | flag);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int refresh_callback(const struct option *opt,
+				const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	return refresh(opt->value, 0);
+}
+
+static int really_refresh_callback(const struct option *opt,
+				const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	return refresh(opt->value, REFRESH_REALLY);
+}
+
+static int chmod_callback(const struct option *opt,
+				const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	char *flip = opt->value;
+	if ((arg[0] != '-' && arg[0] != '+') || arg[1] != 'x' || arg[2])
+		return error("option 'chmod' expects \"+x\" or \"-x\"");
+	*flip = arg[0];
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int resolve_undo_clear_callback(const struct option *opt,
+				const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	resolve_undo_clear();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int cacheinfo_callback(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
+				const struct option *opt, int unset)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	unsigned int mode;
+
+	if (ctx->argc <= 3)
+		return error("option 'cacheinfo' expects three arguments");
+	if (strtoul_ui(*++ctx->argv, 8, &mode) ||
+	    get_sha1_hex(*++ctx->argv, sha1) ||
+	    add_cacheinfo(mode, sha1, *++ctx->argv, 0))
+		die("git update-index: --cacheinfo cannot add %s", *ctx->argv);
+	ctx->argc -= 3;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int stdin_cacheinfo_callback(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
+			      const struct option *opt, int unset)
+{
+	int *line_termination = opt->value;
+
+	if (ctx->argc != 1)
+		return error("option '%s' must be the last argument", opt->long_name);
+	allow_add = allow_replace = allow_remove = 1;
+	read_index_info(*line_termination);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int stdin_callback(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
+				const struct option *opt, int unset)
+{
+	int *read_from_stdin = opt->value;
+
+	if (ctx->argc != 1)
+		return error("option '%s' must be the last argument", opt->long_name);
+	*read_from_stdin = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int unresolve_callback(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
+				const struct option *opt, int flags)
+{
+	int *has_errors = opt->value;
+	const char *prefix = startup_info->prefix;
+
+	/* consume remaining arguments. */
+	*has_errors = do_unresolve(ctx->argc, ctx->argv,
+				prefix, prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0);
+	if (*has_errors)
+		active_cache_changed = 0;
+
+	ctx->argv += ctx->argc - 1;
+	ctx->argc = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int reupdate_callback(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
+				const struct option *opt, int flags)
+{
+	int *has_errors = opt->value;
+	const char *prefix = startup_info->prefix;
+
+	/* consume remaining arguments. */
+	setup_work_tree();
+	*has_errors = do_reupdate(ctx->argc, ctx->argv,
+				prefix, prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0);
+	if (*has_errors)
+		active_cache_changed = 0;
+
+	ctx->argv += ctx->argc - 1;
+	ctx->argc = 1;
 	return 0;
 }
 
 int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i, newfd, entries, has_errors = 0, line_termination = '\n';
-	int allow_options = 1;
+	int newfd, entries, has_errors = 0, line_termination = '\n';
 	int read_from_stdin = 0;
 	int prefix_length = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
 	char set_executable_bit = 0;
-	unsigned int refresh_flags = 0;
+	struct refresh_params refresh_args = {0, &has_errors};
 	int lock_error = 0;
 	struct lock_file *lock_file;
+	struct parse_opt_ctx_t ctx;
+	int parseopt_state = PARSE_OPT_UNKNOWN;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BIT('q', NULL, &refresh_args.flags,
+			"continue refresh even when index needs update",
+			REFRESH_QUIET),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "ignore-submodules", &refresh_args.flags,
+			"refresh: ignore submodules",
+			REFRESH_IGNORE_SUBMODULES),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "add", &allow_add,
+			"do not ignore new files", 1),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "replace", &allow_replace,
+			"let files replace directories and vice-versa", 1),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "remove", &allow_remove,
+			"notice files missing from worktree", 1),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "unmerged", &refresh_args.flags,
+			"refresh even if index contains unmerged entries",
+			REFRESH_UNMERGED),
+		{OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "refresh", &refresh_args, NULL,
+			"refresh stat information",
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+			refresh_callback},
+		{OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "really-refresh", &refresh_args, NULL,
+			"like --refresh, but ignore assume-unchanged setting",
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+			really_refresh_callback},
+		{OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 0, "cacheinfo", NULL,
+			"<mode> <object> <path>",
+			"add the specified entry to the index",
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG |	/* disallow --cacheinfo=<mode> form */
+			PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP,
+			(parse_opt_cb *) cacheinfo_callback},
+		{OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "chmod", &set_executable_bit, "(+/-)x",
+			"override the executable bit of the listed files",
+			PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP,
+			chmod_callback},
+		{OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "assume-unchanged", &mark_valid_only, NULL,
+			"mark files as \"not changing\"",
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, MARK_FLAG},
+		{OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "no-assume-unchanged", &mark_valid_only, NULL,
+			"clear assumed-unchanged bit",
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, UNMARK_FLAG},
+		{OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "skip-worktree", &mark_skip_worktree_only, NULL,
+			"mark files as \"index-only\"",
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, MARK_FLAG},
+		{OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "no-skip-worktree", &mark_skip_worktree_only, NULL,
+			"clear skip-worktree bit",
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, UNMARK_FLAG},
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "info-only", &info_only,
+			"add to index only; do not add content to object database", 1),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "force-remove", &force_remove,
+			"remove named paths even if present in worktree", 1),
+		OPT_SET_INT('z', NULL, &line_termination,
+			"with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes", '\0'),
+		{OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 0, "stdin", &read_from_stdin, NULL,
+			"read list of paths to be updated from standard input",
+			PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NOARG,
+			(parse_opt_cb *) stdin_callback},
+		{OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 0, "index-info", &line_termination, NULL,
+			"add entries from standard input to the index",
+			PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NOARG,
+			(parse_opt_cb *) stdin_cacheinfo_callback},
+		{OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 0, "unresolve", &has_errors, NULL,
+			"repopulate stages #2 and #3 for the listed paths",
+			PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NOARG,
+			(parse_opt_cb *) unresolve_callback},
+		{OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 'g', "again", &has_errors, NULL,
+			"only update entries that differ from HEAD",
+			PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NOARG,
+			(parse_opt_cb *) reupdate_callback},
+		OPT_BIT(0, "ignore-missing", &refresh_args.flags,
+			"ignore files missing from worktree",
+			REFRESH_IGNORE_MISSING),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "verbose", &verbose,
+			"report actions to standard output", 1),
+		{OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "clear-resolve-undo", NULL, NULL,
+			"(for porcelains) forget saved unresolved conflicts",
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+			resolve_undo_clear_callback},
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage(update_index_usage[0]);
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
@@ -602,151 +807,48 @@
 	if (entries < 0)
 		die("cache corrupted");
 
-	for (i = 1 ; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *path = argv[i];
-		const char *p;
+	/*
+	 * Custom copy of parse_options() because we want to handle
+	 * filename arguments as they come.
+	 */
+	parse_options_start(&ctx, argc, argv, prefix,
+			    options, PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);
+	while (ctx.argc) {
+		if (parseopt_state != PARSE_OPT_DONE)
+			parseopt_state = parse_options_step(&ctx, options,
+							    update_index_usage);
+		if (!ctx.argc)
+			break;
+		switch (parseopt_state) {
+		case PARSE_OPT_HELP:
+			exit(129);
+		case PARSE_OPT_NON_OPTION:
+		case PARSE_OPT_DONE:
+		{
+			const char *path = ctx.argv[0];
+			const char *p;
 
-		if (allow_options && *path == '-') {
-			if (!strcmp(path, "--")) {
-				allow_options = 0;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "-q")) {
-				refresh_flags |= REFRESH_QUIET;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "--ignore-submodules")) {
-				refresh_flags |= REFRESH_IGNORE_SUBMODULES;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "--add")) {
-				allow_add = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "--replace")) {
-				allow_replace = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "--remove")) {
-				allow_remove = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "--unmerged")) {
-				refresh_flags |= REFRESH_UNMERGED;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "--refresh")) {
-				setup_work_tree();
-				has_errors |= refresh_cache(refresh_flags);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "--really-refresh")) {
-				setup_work_tree();
-				has_errors |= refresh_cache(REFRESH_REALLY | refresh_flags);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "--cacheinfo")) {
-				unsigned char sha1[20];
-				unsigned int mode;
-
-				if (i+3 >= argc)
-					die("git update-index: --cacheinfo <mode> <sha1> <path>");
-
-				if (strtoul_ui(argv[i+1], 8, &mode) ||
-				    get_sha1_hex(argv[i+2], sha1) ||
-				    add_cacheinfo(mode, sha1, argv[i+3], 0))
-					die("git update-index: --cacheinfo"
-					    " cannot add %s", argv[i+3]);
-				i += 3;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "--chmod=-x") ||
-			    !strcmp(path, "--chmod=+x")) {
-				if (argc <= i+1)
-					die("git update-index: %s <path>", path);
-				set_executable_bit = path[8];
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "--assume-unchanged")) {
-				mark_valid_only = MARK_FLAG;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "--no-assume-unchanged")) {
-				mark_valid_only = UNMARK_FLAG;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "--no-skip-worktree")) {
-				mark_skip_worktree_only = UNMARK_FLAG;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "--skip-worktree")) {
-				mark_skip_worktree_only = MARK_FLAG;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "--info-only")) {
-				info_only = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "--force-remove")) {
-				force_remove = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "-z")) {
-				line_termination = 0;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "--stdin")) {
-				if (i != argc - 1)
-					die("--stdin must be at the end");
-				read_from_stdin = 1;
-				break;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "--index-info")) {
-				if (i != argc - 1)
-					die("--index-info must be at the end");
-				allow_add = allow_replace = allow_remove = 1;
-				read_index_info(line_termination);
-				break;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "--unresolve")) {
-				has_errors = do_unresolve(argc - i, argv + i,
-							  prefix, prefix_length);
-				if (has_errors)
-					active_cache_changed = 0;
-				goto finish;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "--again") || !strcmp(path, "-g")) {
-				setup_work_tree();
-				has_errors = do_reupdate(argc - i, argv + i,
-							 prefix, prefix_length);
-				if (has_errors)
-					active_cache_changed = 0;
-				goto finish;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "--ignore-missing")) {
-				refresh_flags |= REFRESH_IGNORE_MISSING;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "--verbose")) {
-				verbose = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "--clear-resolve-undo")) {
-				resolve_undo_clear();
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(path, "-h") || !strcmp(path, "--help"))
-				usage(update_index_usage);
-			die("unknown option %s", path);
+			setup_work_tree();
+			p = prefix_path(prefix, prefix_length, path);
+			update_one(p, NULL, 0);
+			if (set_executable_bit)
+				chmod_path(set_executable_bit, p);
+			if (p < path || p > path + strlen(path))
+				free((char *)p);
+			ctx.argc--;
+			ctx.argv++;
+			break;
 		}
-		setup_work_tree();
-		p = prefix_path(prefix, prefix_length, path);
-		update_one(p, NULL, 0);
-		if (set_executable_bit)
-			chmod_path(set_executable_bit, p);
-		if (p < path || p > path + strlen(path))
-			free((char *)p);
+		case PARSE_OPT_UNKNOWN:
+			if (ctx.argv[0][1] == '-')
+				error("unknown option '%s'", ctx.argv[0] + 2);
+			else
+				error("unknown switch '%c'", *ctx.opt);
+			usage_with_options(update_index_usage, options);
+		}
 	}
+	argc = parse_options_end(&ctx);
+
 	if (read_from_stdin) {
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, nbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
@@ -770,10 +872,9 @@
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 	}
 
- finish:
 	if (active_cache_changed) {
 		if (newfd < 0) {
-			if (refresh_flags & REFRESH_QUIET)
+			if (refresh_args.flags & REFRESH_QUIET)
 				exit(128);
 			unable_to_lock_index_die(get_index_file(), lock_error);
 		}
diff --git a/builtin/update-server-info.c b/builtin/update-server-info.c
index 2b3fddc..b90dce6 100644
--- a/builtin/update-server-info.c
+++ b/builtin/update-server-info.c
@@ -11,8 +11,7 @@
 {
 	int force = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &force,
-			"update the info files from scratch"),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force, "update the info files from scratch"),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
diff --git a/builtin/var.c b/builtin/var.c
index 0744bb8..99d068a 100644
--- a/builtin/var.c
+++ b/builtin/var.c
@@ -3,8 +3,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) Eric Biederman, 2005
  */
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
 
 static const char var_usage[] = "git var (-l | <variable>)";
 
diff --git a/builtin/verify-tag.c b/builtin/verify-tag.c
index 9f482c2..3134766 100644
--- a/builtin/verify-tag.c
+++ b/builtin/verify-tag.c
@@ -17,13 +17,11 @@
 		NULL
 };
 
-#define PGP_SIGNATURE "-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----"
-
 static int run_gpg_verify(const char *buf, unsigned long size, int verbose)
 {
 	struct child_process gpg;
 	const char *args_gpg[] = {"gpg", "--verify", "FILE", "-", NULL};
-	char path[PATH_MAX], *eol;
+	char path[PATH_MAX];
 	size_t len;
 	int fd, ret;
 
@@ -37,11 +35,7 @@
 	close(fd);
 
 	/* find the length without signature */
-	len = 0;
-	while (len < size && prefixcmp(buf + len, PGP_SIGNATURE)) {
-		eol = memchr(buf + len, '\n', size - len);
-		len += eol ? eol - (buf + len) + 1 : size - len;
-	}
+	len = parse_signature(buf, size);
 	if (verbose)
 		write_in_full(1, buf, len);
 
@@ -93,7 +87,7 @@
 {
 	int i = 1, verbose = 0, had_error = 0;
 	const struct option verify_tag_options[] = {
-		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "print tag contents"),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
diff --git a/bundle.c b/bundle.c
index 65ea26b..f48fd7d 100644
--- a/bundle.c
+++ b/bundle.c
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@
 	int bundle_fd = -1;
 	int bundle_to_stdout;
 	const char **argv_boundary = xmalloc((argc + 4) * sizeof(const char *));
-	const char **argv_pack = xmalloc(5 * sizeof(const char *));
+	const char **argv_pack = xmalloc(6 * sizeof(const char *));
 	int i, ref_count = 0;
 	char buffer[1024];
 	struct rev_info revs;
@@ -346,7 +346,8 @@
 	argv_pack[1] = "--all-progress-implied";
 	argv_pack[2] = "--stdout";
 	argv_pack[3] = "--thin";
-	argv_pack[4] = NULL;
+	argv_pack[4] = "--delta-base-offset";
+	argv_pack[5] = NULL;
 	memset(&rls, 0, sizeof(rls));
 	rls.argv = argv_pack;
 	rls.in = -1;
diff --git a/cache.h b/cache.h
index 45bb36d..ce73e1f 100644
--- a/cache.h
+++ b/cache.h
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "hash.h"
 #include "advice.h"
+#include "gettext.h"
 
 #include SHA1_HEADER
 #ifndef git_SHA_CTX
@@ -170,26 +171,26 @@
  *
  * In-memory only flags
  */
-#define CE_UPDATE    (0x10000)
-#define CE_REMOVE    (0x20000)
-#define CE_UPTODATE  (0x40000)
-#define CE_ADDED     (0x80000)
+#define CE_UPDATE            (1 << 16)
+#define CE_REMOVE            (1 << 17)
+#define CE_UPTODATE          (1 << 18)
+#define CE_ADDED             (1 << 19)
 
-#define CE_HASHED    (0x100000)
-#define CE_UNHASHED  (0x200000)
-#define CE_CONFLICTED (0x800000)
+#define CE_HASHED            (1 << 20)
+#define CE_UNHASHED          (1 << 21)
+#define CE_WT_REMOVE         (1 << 22) /* remove in work directory */
+#define CE_CONFLICTED        (1 << 23)
 
-#define CE_WT_REMOVE (0x400000) /* remove in work directory */
-
-#define CE_UNPACKED  (0x1000000)
+#define CE_UNPACKED          (1 << 24)
+#define CE_NEW_SKIP_WORKTREE (1 << 25)
 
 /*
  * Extended on-disk flags
  */
-#define CE_INTENT_TO_ADD 0x20000000
-#define CE_SKIP_WORKTREE 0x40000000
+#define CE_INTENT_TO_ADD     (1 << 29)
+#define CE_SKIP_WORKTREE     (1 << 30)
 /* CE_EXTENDED2 is for future extension */
-#define CE_EXTENDED2 0x80000000
+#define CE_EXTENDED2         (1 << 31)
 
 #define CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS (CE_INTENT_TO_ADD | CE_SKIP_WORKTREE)
 
@@ -428,7 +429,7 @@
 extern void setup_work_tree(void);
 extern const char *setup_git_directory_gently(int *);
 extern const char *setup_git_directory(void);
-extern const char *prefix_path(const char *prefix, int len, const char *path);
+extern char *prefix_path(const char *prefix, int len, const char *path);
 extern const char *prefix_filename(const char *prefix, int len, const char *path);
 extern int check_filename(const char *prefix, const char *name);
 extern void verify_filename(const char *prefix, const char *name);
@@ -436,6 +437,7 @@
 
 #define INIT_DB_QUIET 0x0001
 
+extern int set_git_dir_init(const char *git_dir, const char *real_git_dir, int);
 extern int init_db(const char *template_dir, unsigned int flags);
 
 #define alloc_nr(x) (((x)+16)*3/2)
@@ -500,8 +502,23 @@
 extern int ie_match_stat(const struct index_state *, struct cache_entry *, struct stat *, unsigned int);
 extern int ie_modified(const struct index_state *, struct cache_entry *, struct stat *, unsigned int);
 
-extern int ce_path_match(const struct cache_entry *ce, const char **pathspec);
-extern int index_fd(unsigned char *sha1, int fd, struct stat *st, int write_object, enum object_type type, const char *path);
+struct pathspec {
+	const char **raw; /* get_pathspec() result, not freed by free_pathspec() */
+	int nr;
+	unsigned int has_wildcard:1;
+	unsigned int recursive:1;
+	int max_depth;
+	struct pathspec_item {
+		const char *match;
+		int len;
+		unsigned int has_wildcard:1;
+	} *items;
+};
+
+extern int init_pathspec(struct pathspec *, const char **);
+extern void free_pathspec(struct pathspec *);
+extern int ce_path_match(const struct cache_entry *ce, const struct pathspec *pathspec);
+extern int index_fd(unsigned char *sha1, int fd, struct stat *st, int write_object, enum object_type type, const char *path, int format_check);
 extern int index_path(unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, struct stat *st, int write_object);
 extern void fill_stat_cache_info(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st);
 
@@ -511,7 +528,7 @@
 #define REFRESH_IGNORE_MISSING	0x0008	/* ignore non-existent */
 #define REFRESH_IGNORE_SUBMODULES	0x0010	/* ignore submodules */
 #define REFRESH_IN_PORCELAIN	0x0020	/* user friendly output, not "needs update" */
-extern int refresh_index(struct index_state *, unsigned int flags, const char **pathspec, char *seen, char *header_msg);
+extern int refresh_index(struct index_state *, unsigned int flags, const char **pathspec, char *seen, const char *header_msg);
 
 struct lock_file {
 	struct lock_file *next;
@@ -527,6 +544,7 @@
 extern int hold_lock_file_for_update(struct lock_file *, const char *path, int);
 extern int hold_lock_file_for_append(struct lock_file *, const char *path, int);
 extern int commit_lock_file(struct lock_file *);
+extern void update_index_if_able(struct index_state *, struct lock_file *);
 
 extern int hold_locked_index(struct lock_file *, int);
 extern int commit_locked_index(struct lock_file *);
@@ -540,6 +558,7 @@
 extern int trust_ctime;
 extern int quote_path_fully;
 extern int has_symlinks;
+extern int minimum_abbrev, default_abbrev;
 extern int ignore_case;
 extern int assume_unchanged;
 extern int prefer_symlink_refs;
@@ -554,6 +573,7 @@
 extern size_t packed_git_window_size;
 extern size_t packed_git_limit;
 extern size_t delta_base_cache_limit;
+extern unsigned long big_file_threshold;
 extern int read_replace_refs;
 extern int fsync_object_files;
 extern int core_preload_index;
@@ -570,7 +590,7 @@
 enum auto_crlf {
 	AUTO_CRLF_FALSE = 0,
 	AUTO_CRLF_TRUE = 1,
-	AUTO_CRLF_INPUT = -1,
+	AUTO_CRLF_INPUT = -1
 };
 
 extern enum auto_crlf auto_crlf;
@@ -607,7 +627,7 @@
 enum push_default_type {
 	PUSH_DEFAULT_NOTHING = 0,
 	PUSH_DEFAULT_MATCHING,
-	PUSH_DEFAULT_TRACKING,
+	PUSH_DEFAULT_UPSTREAM,
 	PUSH_DEFAULT_CURRENT
 };
 
@@ -675,9 +695,11 @@
 
 #define EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX \
 	"4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904"
-#define EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN \
+#define EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN_LITERAL \
 	 "\x4b\x82\x5d\xc6\x42\xcb\x6e\xb9\xa0\x60" \
 	 "\xe5\x4b\xf8\xd6\x92\x88\xfb\xee\x49\x04"
+#define EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN \
+	 ((const unsigned char *) EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN_LITERAL)
 
 int git_mkstemp(char *path, size_t n, const char *template);
 
@@ -707,6 +729,7 @@
 #define adjust_shared_perm(path) set_shared_perm((path), 0)
 int safe_create_leading_directories(char *path);
 int safe_create_leading_directories_const(const char *path);
+int mkdir_in_gitdir(const char *path);
 extern char *expand_user_path(const char *path);
 char *enter_repo(char *path, int strict);
 static inline int is_absolute_path(const char *path)
@@ -714,9 +737,9 @@
 	return path[0] == '/' || has_dos_drive_prefix(path);
 }
 int is_directory(const char *);
-const char *make_absolute_path(const char *path);
-const char *make_nonrelative_path(const char *path);
-const char *make_relative_path(const char *abs, const char *base);
+const char *real_path(const char *path);
+const char *absolute_path(const char *path);
+const char *relative_path(const char *abs, const char *base);
 int normalize_path_copy(char *dst, const char *src);
 int longest_ancestor_length(const char *path, const char *prefix_list);
 char *strip_path_suffix(const char *path, const char *suffix);
@@ -757,8 +780,8 @@
 }
 
 /* Convert to/from hex/sha1 representation */
-#define MINIMUM_ABBREV 4
-#define DEFAULT_ABBREV 7
+#define MINIMUM_ABBREV minimum_abbrev
+#define DEFAULT_ABBREV default_abbrev
 
 struct object_context {
 	unsigned char tree[20];
@@ -859,7 +882,7 @@
 
 extern int has_symlink_leading_path(const char *name, int len);
 extern int threaded_has_symlink_leading_path(struct cache_def *, const char *, int);
-extern int has_symlink_or_noent_leading_path(const char *name, int len);
+extern int check_leading_path(const char *name, int len);
 extern int has_dirs_only_path(const char *name, int len, int prefix_len);
 extern void schedule_dir_for_removal(const char *name, int len);
 extern void remove_scheduled_dirs(void);
@@ -896,7 +919,8 @@
 	time_t mtime;
 	int pack_fd;
 	unsigned pack_local:1,
-		 pack_keep:1;
+		 pack_keep:1,
+		 do_not_close:1;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	/* something like ".git/objects/pack/xxxxx.pack" */
 	char pack_name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
@@ -941,6 +965,7 @@
 extern char *git_getpass(const char *prompt);
 extern struct child_process *git_connect(int fd[2], const char *url, const char *prog, int flags);
 extern int finish_connect(struct child_process *conn);
+extern int git_connection_is_socket(struct child_process *conn);
 extern int path_match(const char *path, int nr, char **match);
 struct extra_have_objects {
 	int nr, alloc;
@@ -994,14 +1019,17 @@
 extern int git_config_string(const char **, const char *, const char *);
 extern int git_config_pathname(const char **, const char *, const char *);
 extern int git_config_set(const char *, const char *);
+extern int git_config_parse_key(const char *, char **, int *);
 extern int git_config_set_multivar(const char *, const char *, const char *, int);
 extern int git_config_rename_section(const char *, const char *);
 extern const char *git_etc_gitconfig(void);
 extern int check_repository_format_version(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
 extern int git_env_bool(const char *, int);
 extern int git_config_system(void);
-extern int git_config_global(void);
 extern int config_error_nonbool(const char *);
+extern const char *get_log_output_encoding(void);
+extern const char *get_commit_output_encoding(void);
+
 extern const char *config_exclusive_filename;
 
 #define MAX_GITNAME (1000)
@@ -1059,9 +1087,14 @@
 /* trace.c */
 __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)))
 extern void trace_printf(const char *format, ...);
+extern void trace_vprintf(const char *key, const char *format, va_list ap);
 __attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)))
 extern void trace_argv_printf(const char **argv, const char *format, ...);
 extern void trace_repo_setup(const char *prefix);
+extern int trace_want(const char *key);
+extern void trace_strbuf(const char *key, const struct strbuf *buf);
+
+void packet_trace_identity(const char *prog);
 
 /* convert.c */
 /* returns 1 if *dst was used */
@@ -1087,15 +1120,17 @@
 /*
  * whitespace rules.
  * used by both diff and apply
+ * last two digits are tab width
  */
-#define WS_BLANK_AT_EOL         01
-#define WS_SPACE_BEFORE_TAB	02
-#define WS_INDENT_WITH_NON_TAB	04
-#define WS_CR_AT_EOL           010
-#define WS_BLANK_AT_EOF        020
-#define WS_TAB_IN_INDENT       040
+#define WS_BLANK_AT_EOL         0100
+#define WS_SPACE_BEFORE_TAB     0200
+#define WS_INDENT_WITH_NON_TAB  0400
+#define WS_CR_AT_EOL           01000
+#define WS_BLANK_AT_EOF        02000
+#define WS_TAB_IN_INDENT       04000
 #define WS_TRAILING_SPACE      (WS_BLANK_AT_EOL|WS_BLANK_AT_EOF)
-#define WS_DEFAULT_RULE (WS_TRAILING_SPACE|WS_SPACE_BEFORE_TAB)
+#define WS_DEFAULT_RULE (WS_TRAILING_SPACE|WS_SPACE_BEFORE_TAB|8)
+#define WS_TAB_WIDTH_MASK        077
 extern unsigned whitespace_rule_cfg;
 extern unsigned whitespace_rule(const char *);
 extern unsigned parse_whitespace_rule(const char *);
@@ -1104,6 +1139,7 @@
 extern char *whitespace_error_string(unsigned ws);
 extern void ws_fix_copy(struct strbuf *, const char *, int, unsigned, int *);
 extern int ws_blank_line(const char *line, int len, unsigned ws_rule);
+#define ws_tab_width(rule)     ((rule) & WS_TAB_WIDTH_MASK)
 
 /* ls-files */
 int report_path_error(const char *ps_matched, const char **pathspec, int prefix_offset);
@@ -1117,6 +1153,7 @@
 /* git.c */
 struct startup_info {
 	int have_repository;
+	const char *prefix;
 };
 extern struct startup_info *startup_info;
 
diff --git a/color.c b/color.c
index 1b00554..417cf8f 100644
--- a/color.c
+++ b/color.c
@@ -175,6 +175,15 @@
 	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
+void color_print_strbuf(FILE *fp, const char *color, const struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	if (*color)
+		fprintf(fp, "%s", color);
+	fprintf(fp, "%s", sb->buf);
+	if (*color)
+		fprintf(fp, "%s", GIT_COLOR_RESET);
+}
+
 static int color_vfprintf(FILE *fp, const char *color, const char *fmt,
 		va_list args, const char *trail)
 {
@@ -211,3 +220,8 @@
 	va_end(args);
 	return r;
 }
+
+int color_is_nil(const char *c)
+{
+	return !strcmp(c, "NIL");
+}
diff --git a/color.h b/color.h
index 03ca064..c0528cf 100644
--- a/color.h
+++ b/color.h
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #ifndef COLOR_H
 #define COLOR_H
 
+struct strbuf;
+
 /*  2 + (2 * num_attrs) + 8 + 1 + 8 + 'm' + NUL */
 /* "\033[1;2;4;5;7;38;5;2xx;48;5;2xxm\0" */
 /*
@@ -43,6 +45,9 @@
 #define GIT_COLOR_BG_MAGENTA	"\033[45m"
 #define GIT_COLOR_BG_CYAN	"\033[46m"
 
+/* A special value meaning "no color selected" */
+#define GIT_COLOR_NIL "NIL"
+
 /*
  * This variable stores the value of color.ui
  */
@@ -61,5 +66,8 @@
 int color_fprintf(FILE *fp, const char *color, const char *fmt, ...);
 __attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)))
 int color_fprintf_ln(FILE *fp, const char *color, const char *fmt, ...);
+void color_print_strbuf(FILE *fp, const char *color, const struct strbuf *sb);
+
+int color_is_nil(const char *color);
 
 #endif /* COLOR_H */
diff --git a/commit.c b/commit.c
index 0094ec1..ac337c7 100644
--- a/commit.c
+++ b/commit.c
@@ -49,6 +49,19 @@
 	return check_commit(obj, sha1, 0);
 }
 
+struct commit *lookup_commit_reference_by_name(const char *name)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct commit *commit;
+
+	if (get_sha1(name, sha1))
+		return NULL;
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	if (!commit || parse_commit(commit))
+		return NULL;
+	return commit;
+}
+
 static unsigned long parse_commit_date(const char *buf, const char *tail)
 {
 	const char *dateptr;
@@ -137,12 +150,8 @@
 		buf[--len] = '\0';
 	if (buf[0] == '#' || buf[0] == '\0')
 		return NULL;
-	if ((len + 1) % 41) {
-	bad_graft_data:
-		error("bad graft data: %s", buf);
-		free(graft);
-		return NULL;
-	}
+	if ((len + 1) % 41)
+		goto bad_graft_data;
 	i = (len + 1) / 41 - 1;
 	graft = xmalloc(sizeof(*graft) + 20 * i);
 	graft->nr_parent = i;
@@ -155,6 +164,11 @@
 			goto bad_graft_data;
 	}
 	return graft;
+
+bad_graft_data:
+	error("bad graft data: %s", buf);
+	free(graft);
+	return NULL;
 }
 
 static int read_graft_file(const char *graft_file)
@@ -231,10 +245,10 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int parse_commit_buffer(struct commit *item, void *buffer, unsigned long size)
+int parse_commit_buffer(struct commit *item, const void *buffer, unsigned long size)
 {
-	char *tail = buffer;
-	char *bufptr = buffer;
+	const char *tail = buffer;
+	const char *bufptr = buffer;
 	unsigned char parent[20];
 	struct commit_list **pptr;
 	struct commit_graft *graft;
@@ -360,7 +374,7 @@
 	}
 }
 
-struct commit_list * insert_by_date(struct commit *item, struct commit_list **list)
+struct commit_list * commit_list_insert_by_date(struct commit *item, struct commit_list **list)
 {
 	struct commit_list **pp = list;
 	struct commit_list *p;
@@ -374,11 +388,11 @@
 }
 
 
-void sort_by_date(struct commit_list **list)
+void commit_list_sort_by_date(struct commit_list **list)
 {
 	struct commit_list *ret = NULL;
 	while (*list) {
-		insert_by_date((*list)->item, &ret);
+		commit_list_insert_by_date((*list)->item, &ret);
 		*list = (*list)->next;
 	}
 	*list = ret;
@@ -398,7 +412,7 @@
 		struct commit *commit = parents->item;
 		if (!parse_commit(commit) && !(commit->object.flags & mark)) {
 			commit->object.flags |= mark;
-			insert_by_date(commit, list);
+			commit_list_insert_by_date(commit, list);
 		}
 		parents = parents->next;
 	}
@@ -487,7 +501,7 @@
 
 	/* process the list in topological order */
 	if (!lifo)
-		sort_by_date(&work);
+		commit_list_sort_by_date(&work);
 
 	pptr = list;
 	*list = NULL;
@@ -513,7 +527,7 @@
 			 */
 			if (--parent->indegree == 1) {
 				if (!lifo)
-					insert_by_date(parent, &work);
+					commit_list_insert_by_date(parent, &work);
 				else
 					commit_list_insert(parent, &work);
 			}
@@ -573,10 +587,10 @@
 	}
 
 	one->object.flags |= PARENT1;
-	insert_by_date(one, &list);
+	commit_list_insert_by_date(one, &list);
 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
 		twos[i]->object.flags |= PARENT2;
-		insert_by_date(twos[i], &list);
+		commit_list_insert_by_date(twos[i], &list);
 	}
 
 	while (interesting(list)) {
@@ -594,7 +608,7 @@
 		if (flags == (PARENT1 | PARENT2)) {
 			if (!(commit->object.flags & RESULT)) {
 				commit->object.flags |= RESULT;
-				insert_by_date(commit, &result);
+				commit_list_insert_by_date(commit, &result);
 			}
 			/* Mark parents of a found merge stale */
 			flags |= STALE;
@@ -608,7 +622,7 @@
 			if (parse_commit(p))
 				return NULL;
 			p->object.flags |= flags;
-			insert_by_date(p, &list);
+			commit_list_insert_by_date(p, &list);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -618,7 +632,7 @@
 	while (list) {
 		struct commit_list *next = list->next;
 		if (!(list->item->object.flags & STALE))
-			insert_by_date(list->item, &result);
+			commit_list_insert_by_date(list->item, &result);
 		free(list);
 		list = next;
 	}
@@ -711,7 +725,7 @@
 	result = NULL;
 	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
 		if (rslt[i])
-			insert_by_date(rslt[i], &result);
+			commit_list_insert_by_date(rslt[i], &result);
 	}
 	free(rslt);
 	return result;
diff --git a/commit.h b/commit.h
index 9113bbe..4198513 100644
--- a/commit.h
+++ b/commit.h
@@ -36,22 +36,23 @@
 struct commit *lookup_commit_reference(const unsigned char *sha1);
 struct commit *lookup_commit_reference_gently(const unsigned char *sha1,
 					      int quiet);
+struct commit *lookup_commit_reference_by_name(const char *name);
 
-int parse_commit_buffer(struct commit *item, void *buffer, unsigned long size);
-
+int parse_commit_buffer(struct commit *item, const void *buffer, unsigned long size);
 int parse_commit(struct commit *item);
 
 /* Find beginning and length of commit subject. */
 int find_commit_subject(const char *commit_buffer, const char **subject);
 
-struct commit_list * commit_list_insert(struct commit *item, struct commit_list **list_p);
+struct commit_list *commit_list_insert(struct commit *item,
+					struct commit_list **list);
 unsigned commit_list_count(const struct commit_list *l);
-struct commit_list * insert_by_date(struct commit *item, struct commit_list **list);
+struct commit_list *commit_list_insert_by_date(struct commit *item,
+				    struct commit_list **list);
+void commit_list_sort_by_date(struct commit_list **list);
 
 void free_commit_list(struct commit_list *list);
 
-void sort_by_date(struct commit_list **list);
-
 /* Commit formats */
 enum cmit_fmt {
 	CMIT_FMT_RAW,
@@ -67,8 +68,7 @@
 	CMIT_FMT_UNSPECIFIED
 };
 
-struct pretty_print_context
-{
+struct pretty_print_context {
 	int abbrev;
 	const char *subject;
 	const char *after_subject;
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@
 	int need_8bit_cte;
 	int show_notes;
 	struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info;
+	const char *output_encoding;
 };
 
 struct userformat_want {
@@ -84,6 +85,8 @@
 
 extern int has_non_ascii(const char *text);
 struct rev_info; /* in revision.h, it circularly uses enum cmit_fmt */
+extern char *logmsg_reencode(const struct commit *commit,
+			     const char *output_encoding);
 extern char *reencode_commit_message(const struct commit *commit,
 				     const char **encoding_p);
 extern void get_commit_format(const char *arg, struct rev_info *);
diff --git a/compat/bswap.h b/compat/bswap.h
index 54756db..5061214 100644
--- a/compat/bswap.h
+++ b/compat/bswap.h
@@ -21,14 +21,16 @@
 
 #if defined(__GNUC__) && (defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__))
 
-#define bswap32(x) ({ \
-	uint32_t __res; \
-	if (__builtin_constant_p(x)) { \
-		__res = default_swab32(x); \
-	} else { \
-		__asm__("bswap %0" : "=r" (__res) : "0" ((uint32_t)(x))); \
-	} \
-	__res; })
+#define bswap32 git_bswap32
+static inline uint32_t git_bswap32(uint32_t x)
+{
+	uint32_t result;
+	if (__builtin_constant_p(x))
+		result = default_swab32(x);
+	else
+		__asm__("bswap %0" : "=r" (result) : "0" (x));
+	return result;
+}
 
 #elif defined(_MSC_VER) && (defined(_M_IX86) || defined(_M_X64))
 
diff --git a/compat/inet_ntop.c b/compat/inet_ntop.c
index f444982..ea249c6 100644
--- a/compat/inet_ntop.c
+++ b/compat/inet_ntop.c
@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@
 
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/socket.h>
-#include <netinet/in.h>
-#include <arpa/inet.h>
+
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
@@ -50,10 +50,7 @@
  *	Paul Vixie, 1996.
  */
 static const char *
-inet_ntop4(src, dst, size)
-	const u_char *src;
-	char *dst;
-	size_t size;
+inet_ntop4(const u_char *src, char *dst, size_t size)
 {
 	static const char fmt[] = "%u.%u.%u.%u";
 	char tmp[sizeof "255.255.255.255"];
@@ -78,10 +75,7 @@
  *	Paul Vixie, 1996.
  */
 static const char *
-inet_ntop6(src, dst, size)
-	const u_char *src;
-	char *dst;
-	size_t size;
+inet_ntop6(const u_char *src, char *dst, size_t size)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Note that int32_t and int16_t need only be "at least" large enough
@@ -178,11 +172,7 @@
  *	Paul Vixie, 1996.
  */
 const char *
-inet_ntop(af, src, dst, size)
-	int af;
-	const void *src;
-	char *dst;
-	size_t size;
+inet_ntop(int af, const void *src, char *dst, size_t size)
 {
 	switch (af) {
 	case AF_INET:
diff --git a/compat/inet_pton.c b/compat/inet_pton.c
index 4078fc0..2ec995e 100644
--- a/compat/inet_pton.c
+++ b/compat/inet_pton.c
@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@
 
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/socket.h>
-#include <netinet/in.h>
-#include <arpa/inet.h>
+
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
@@ -41,7 +41,9 @@
  */
 
 static int inet_pton4(const char *src, unsigned char *dst);
+#ifndef NO_IPV6
 static int inet_pton6(const char *src, unsigned char *dst);
+#endif
 
 /* int
  * inet_pton4(src, dst)
diff --git a/compat/mingw.c b/compat/mingw.c
index 6590f33..4423961 100644
--- a/compat/mingw.c
+++ b/compat/mingw.c
@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@
 #include "win32.h"
 #include <conio.h>
 #include "../strbuf.h"
+#include "../run-command.h"
+
+static const int delay[] = { 0, 1, 10, 20, 40 };
 
 int err_win_to_posix(DWORD winerr)
 {
@@ -116,6 +119,165 @@
 	return error;
 }
 
+static inline int is_file_in_use_error(DWORD errcode)
+{
+	switch (errcode) {
+	case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
+	case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int read_yes_no_answer(void)
+{
+	char answer[1024];
+
+	if (fgets(answer, sizeof(answer), stdin)) {
+		size_t answer_len = strlen(answer);
+		int got_full_line = 0, c;
+
+		/* remove the newline */
+		if (answer_len >= 2 && answer[answer_len-2] == '\r') {
+			answer[answer_len-2] = '\0';
+			got_full_line = 1;
+		} else if (answer_len >= 1 && answer[answer_len-1] == '\n') {
+			answer[answer_len-1] = '\0';
+			got_full_line = 1;
+		}
+		/* flush the buffer in case we did not get the full line */
+		if (!got_full_line)
+			while ((c = getchar()) != EOF && c != '\n')
+				;
+	} else
+		/* we could not read, return the
+		 * default answer which is no */
+		return 0;
+
+	if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'y' && !answer[1])
+		return 1;
+	if (!strncasecmp(answer, "yes", sizeof(answer)))
+		return 1;
+	if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'n' && !answer[1])
+		return 0;
+	if (!strncasecmp(answer, "no", sizeof(answer)))
+		return 0;
+
+	/* did not find an answer we understand */
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int ask_yes_no_if_possible(const char *format, ...)
+{
+	char question[4096];
+	const char *retry_hook[] = { NULL, NULL, NULL };
+	va_list args;
+
+	va_start(args, format);
+	vsnprintf(question, sizeof(question), format, args);
+	va_end(args);
+
+	if ((retry_hook[0] = getenv("GIT_ASK_YESNO"))) {
+		retry_hook[1] = question;
+		return !run_command_v_opt(retry_hook, 0);
+	}
+
+	if (!isatty(_fileno(stdin)) || !isatty(_fileno(stderr)))
+		return 0;
+
+	while (1) {
+		int answer;
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s (y/n) ", question);
+
+		if ((answer = read_yes_no_answer()) >= 0)
+			return answer;
+
+		fprintf(stderr, "Sorry, I did not understand your answer. "
+				"Please type 'y' or 'n'\n");
+	}
+}
+
+#undef unlink
+int mingw_unlink(const char *pathname)
+{
+	int ret, tries = 0;
+
+	/* read-only files cannot be removed */
+	chmod(pathname, 0666);
+	while ((ret = unlink(pathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
+		if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
+			break;
+		/*
+		 * We assume that some other process had the source or
+		 * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
+		 * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
+		 * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
+		 * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
+		 */
+		Sleep(delay[tries]);
+		tries++;
+	}
+	while (ret == -1 && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
+	       ask_yes_no_if_possible("Unlink of file '%s' failed. "
+			"Should I try again?", pathname))
+	       ret = unlink(pathname);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int is_dir_empty(const char *path)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	WIN32_FIND_DATAA findbuf;
+	HANDLE handle;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s\\*", path);
+	handle = FindFirstFileA(buf.buf, &findbuf);
+	if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		return GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
+	}
+
+	while (!strcmp(findbuf.cFileName, ".") ||
+			!strcmp(findbuf.cFileName, ".."))
+		if (!FindNextFile(handle, &findbuf)) {
+			strbuf_release(&buf);
+			return GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
+		}
+	FindClose(handle);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#undef rmdir
+int mingw_rmdir(const char *pathname)
+{
+	int ret, tries = 0;
+
+	while ((ret = rmdir(pathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
+		if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
+			break;
+		if (!is_dir_empty(pathname)) {
+			errno = ENOTEMPTY;
+			break;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * We assume that some other process had the source or
+		 * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
+		 * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
+		 * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
+		 * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
+		 */
+		Sleep(delay[tries]);
+		tries++;
+	}
+	while (ret == -1 && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
+	       ask_yes_no_if_possible("Deletion of directory '%s' failed. "
+			"Should I try again?", pathname))
+	       ret = rmdir(pathname);
+	return ret;
+}
+
 #undef open
 int mingw_open (const char *filename, int oflags, ...)
 {
@@ -198,9 +360,10 @@
  */
 static int do_lstat(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 {
+	int err;
 	WIN32_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DATA fdata;
 
-	if (!(errno = get_file_attr(file_name, &fdata))) {
+	if (!(err = get_file_attr(file_name, &fdata))) {
 		buf->st_ino = 0;
 		buf->st_gid = 0;
 		buf->st_uid = 0;
@@ -233,6 +396,7 @@
 		}
 		return 0;
 	}
+	errno = err;
 	return -1;
 }
 
@@ -408,71 +572,6 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int poll(struct pollfd *ufds, unsigned int nfds, int timeout)
-{
-	int i, pending;
-
-	if (timeout >= 0) {
-		if (nfds == 0) {
-			Sleep(timeout);
-			return 0;
-		}
-		return errno = EINVAL, error("poll timeout not supported");
-	}
-
-	/* When there is only one fd to wait for, then we pretend that
-	 * input is available and let the actual wait happen when the
-	 * caller invokes read().
-	 */
-	if (nfds == 1) {
-		if (!(ufds[0].events & POLLIN))
-			return errno = EINVAL, error("POLLIN not set");
-		ufds[0].revents = POLLIN;
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-repeat:
-	pending = 0;
-	for (i = 0; i < nfds; i++) {
-		DWORD avail = 0;
-		HANDLE h = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle(ufds[i].fd);
-		if (h == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
-			return -1;	/* errno was set */
-
-		if (!(ufds[i].events & POLLIN))
-			return errno = EINVAL, error("POLLIN not set");
-
-		/* this emulation works only for pipes */
-		if (!PeekNamedPipe(h, NULL, 0, NULL, &avail, NULL)) {
-			int err = GetLastError();
-			if (err == ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE) {
-				ufds[i].revents = POLLHUP;
-				pending++;
-			} else {
-				errno = EINVAL;
-				return error("PeekNamedPipe failed,"
-					" GetLastError: %u", err);
-			}
-		} else if (avail) {
-			ufds[i].revents = POLLIN;
-			pending++;
-		} else
-			ufds[i].revents = 0;
-	}
-	if (!pending) {
-		/* The only times that we spin here is when the process
-		 * that is connected through the pipes is waiting for
-		 * its own input data to become available. But since
-		 * the process (pack-objects) is itself CPU intensive,
-		 * it will happily pick up the time slice that we are
-		 * relinquishing here.
-		 */
-		Sleep(0);
-		goto repeat;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
 struct tm *gmtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 {
 	/* gmtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
@@ -702,6 +801,14 @@
 	return strcasecmp(*ea, *eb);
 }
 
+struct pinfo_t {
+	struct pinfo_t *next;
+	pid_t pid;
+	HANDLE proc;
+} pinfo_t;
+struct pinfo_t *pinfo = NULL;
+CRITICAL_SECTION pinfo_cs;
+
 static pid_t mingw_spawnve_fd(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env,
 			      const char *dir,
 			      int prepend_cmd, int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
@@ -794,7 +901,26 @@
 		return -1;
 	}
 	CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
-	return (pid_t)pi.hProcess;
+
+	/*
+	 * The process ID is the human-readable identifier of the process
+	 * that we want to present in log and error messages. The handle
+	 * is not useful for this purpose. But we cannot close it, either,
+	 * because it is not possible to turn a process ID into a process
+	 * handle after the process terminated.
+	 * Keep the handle in a list for waitpid.
+	 */
+	EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
+	{
+		struct pinfo_t *info = xmalloc(sizeof(struct pinfo_t));
+		info->pid = pi.dwProcessId;
+		info->proc = pi.hProcess;
+		info->next = pinfo;
+		pinfo = info;
+	}
+	LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
+
+	return (pid_t)pi.dwProcessId;
 }
 
 static pid_t mingw_spawnve(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env,
@@ -909,6 +1035,25 @@
 	mingw_execve(cmd, argv, environ);
 }
 
+int mingw_kill(pid_t pid, int sig)
+{
+	if (pid > 0 && sig == SIGTERM) {
+		HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, FALSE, pid);
+
+		if (TerminateProcess(h, -1)) {
+			CloseHandle(h);
+			return 0;
+		}
+
+		errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
+		CloseHandle(h);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	errno = EINVAL;
+	return -1;
+}
+
 static char **copy_environ(void)
 {
 	char **env;
@@ -985,7 +1130,7 @@
 
 /*
  * Note, this isn't a complete replacement for getaddrinfo. It assumes
- * that service contains a numerical port, or that it it is null. It
+ * that service contains a numerical port, or that it is null. It
  * does a simple search using gethostbyname, and returns one IPv4 host
  * if one was found.
  */
@@ -993,19 +1138,22 @@
 				   const struct addrinfo *hints,
 				   struct addrinfo **res)
 {
-	struct hostent *h = gethostbyname(node);
+	struct hostent *h = NULL;
 	struct addrinfo *ai;
 	struct sockaddr_in *sin;
 
-	if (!h)
-		return WSAGetLastError();
+	if (node) {
+		h = gethostbyname(node);
+		if (!h)
+			return WSAGetLastError();
+	}
 
 	ai = xmalloc(sizeof(struct addrinfo));
 	*res = ai;
 	ai->ai_flags = 0;
 	ai->ai_family = AF_INET;
-	ai->ai_socktype = hints->ai_socktype;
-	switch (hints->ai_socktype) {
+	ai->ai_socktype = hints ? hints->ai_socktype : 0;
+	switch (ai->ai_socktype) {
 	case SOCK_STREAM:
 		ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
 		break;
@@ -1017,14 +1165,25 @@
 		break;
 	}
 	ai->ai_addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
-	ai->ai_canonname = strdup(h->h_name);
+	if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_CANONNAME))
+		ai->ai_canonname = h ? strdup(h->h_name) : NULL;
+	else
+		ai->ai_canonname = NULL;
 
 	sin = xmalloc(ai->ai_addrlen);
 	memset(sin, 0, ai->ai_addrlen);
 	sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
+	/* Note: getaddrinfo is supposed to allow service to be a string,
+	 * which should be looked up using getservbyname. This is
+	 * currently not implemented */
 	if (service)
 		sin->sin_port = htons(atoi(service));
-	sin->sin_addr = *(struct in_addr *)h->h_addr;
+	if (h)
+		sin->sin_addr = *(struct in_addr *)h->h_addr;
+	else if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_PASSIVE))
+		sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
+	else
+		sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_LOOPBACK;
 	ai->ai_addr = (struct sockaddr *)sin;
 	ai->ai_next = 0;
 	return 0;
@@ -1175,7 +1334,10 @@
 int mingw_socket(int domain, int type, int protocol)
 {
 	int sockfd;
-	SOCKET s = WSASocket(domain, type, protocol, NULL, 0, 0);
+	SOCKET s;
+
+	ensure_socket_initialization();
+	s = WSASocket(domain, type, protocol, NULL, 0, 0);
 	if (s == INVALID_SOCKET) {
 		/*
 		 * WSAGetLastError() values are regular BSD error codes
@@ -1205,12 +1367,50 @@
 	return connect(s, sa, sz);
 }
 
+#undef bind
+int mingw_bind(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
+{
+	SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
+	return bind(s, sa, sz);
+}
+
+#undef setsockopt
+int mingw_setsockopt(int sockfd, int lvl, int optname, void *optval, int optlen)
+{
+	SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
+	return setsockopt(s, lvl, optname, (const char*)optval, optlen);
+}
+
+#undef listen
+int mingw_listen(int sockfd, int backlog)
+{
+	SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
+	return listen(s, backlog);
+}
+
+#undef accept
+int mingw_accept(int sockfd1, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *sz)
+{
+	int sockfd2;
+
+	SOCKET s1 = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd1);
+	SOCKET s2 = accept(s1, sa, sz);
+
+	/* convert into a file descriptor */
+	if ((sockfd2 = _open_osfhandle(s2, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
+		int err = errno;
+		closesocket(s2);
+		return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
+			strerror(err));
+	}
+	return sockfd2;
+}
+
 #undef rename
 int mingw_rename(const char *pold, const char *pnew)
 {
 	DWORD attrs, gle;
 	int tries = 0;
-	static const int delay[] = { 0, 1, 10, 20, 40 };
 
 	/*
 	 * Try native rename() first to get errno right.
@@ -1252,6 +1452,11 @@
 		tries++;
 		goto repeat;
 	}
+	if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
+	       ask_yes_no_if_possible("Rename from '%s' to '%s' failed. "
+		       "Should I try again?", pold, pnew))
+		goto repeat;
+
 	errno = EACCES;
 	return -1;
 }
@@ -1476,62 +1681,54 @@
 	return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 }
 
-#ifndef NO_MINGW_REPLACE_READDIR
-/* MinGW readdir implementation to avoid extra lstats for Git */
-struct mingw_DIR
+pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, unsigned options)
 {
-	struct _finddata_t	dd_dta;		/* disk transfer area for this dir */
-	struct mingw_dirent	dd_dir;		/* Our own implementation, including d_type */
-	long			dd_handle;	/* _findnext handle */
-	int			dd_stat; 	/* 0 = next entry to read is first entry, -1 = off the end, positive = 0 based index of next entry */
-	char			dd_name[1]; 	/* given path for dir with search pattern (struct is extended) */
-};
-
-struct dirent *mingw_readdir(DIR *dir)
-{
-	WIN32_FIND_DATAA buf;
-	HANDLE handle;
-	struct mingw_DIR *mdir = (struct mingw_DIR*)dir;
-
-	if (!dir->dd_handle) {
-		errno = EBADF; /* No set_errno for mingw */
-		return NULL;
+	HANDLE h = OpenProcess(SYNCHRONIZE | PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION,
+	    FALSE, pid);
+	if (!h) {
+		errno = ECHILD;
+		return -1;
 	}
 
-	if (dir->dd_handle == (long)INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE && dir->dd_stat == 0)
-	{
-		DWORD lasterr;
-		handle = FindFirstFileA(dir->dd_name, &buf);
-		lasterr = GetLastError();
-		dir->dd_handle = (long)handle;
-		if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE && (lasterr != ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES)) {
-			errno = err_win_to_posix(lasterr);
-			return NULL;
+	if (pid > 0 && options & WNOHANG) {
+		if (WAIT_OBJECT_0 != WaitForSingleObject(h, 0)) {
+			CloseHandle(h);
+			return 0;
 		}
-	} else if (dir->dd_handle == (long)INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
-		return NULL;
-	} else if (!FindNextFileA((HANDLE)dir->dd_handle, &buf)) {
-		DWORD lasterr = GetLastError();
-		FindClose((HANDLE)dir->dd_handle);
-		dir->dd_handle = (long)INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
-		/* POSIX says you shouldn't set errno when readdir can't
-		   find any more files; so, if another error we leave it set. */
-		if (lasterr != ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES)
-			errno = err_win_to_posix(lasterr);
-		return NULL;
+		options &= ~WNOHANG;
 	}
 
-	/* We get here if `buf' contains valid data.  */
-	strcpy(dir->dd_dir.d_name, buf.cFileName);
-	++dir->dd_stat;
+	if (options == 0) {
+		struct pinfo_t **ppinfo;
+		if (WaitForSingleObject(h, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
+			CloseHandle(h);
+			return 0;
+		}
 
-	/* Set file type, based on WIN32_FIND_DATA */
-	mdir->dd_dir.d_type = 0;
-	if (buf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY)
-		mdir->dd_dir.d_type |= DT_DIR;
-	else
-		mdir->dd_dir.d_type |= DT_REG;
+		if (status)
+			GetExitCodeProcess(h, (LPDWORD)status);
 
-	return (struct dirent*)&dir->dd_dir;
+		EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
+
+		ppinfo = &pinfo;
+		while (*ppinfo) {
+			struct pinfo_t *info = *ppinfo;
+			if (info->pid == pid) {
+				CloseHandle(info->proc);
+				*ppinfo = info->next;
+				free(info);
+				break;
+			}
+			ppinfo = &info->next;
+		}
+
+		LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
+
+		CloseHandle(h);
+		return pid;
+	}
+	CloseHandle(h);
+
+	errno = EINVAL;
+	return -1;
 }
-#endif // !NO_MINGW_REPLACE_READDIR
diff --git a/compat/mingw.h b/compat/mingw.h
index 83e35e8..62eccd3 100644
--- a/compat/mingw.h
+++ b/compat/mingw.h
@@ -7,18 +7,13 @@
 
 typedef int pid_t;
 typedef int uid_t;
+typedef int socklen_t;
 #define hstrerror strerror
 
 #define S_IFLNK    0120000 /* Symbolic link */
 #define S_ISLNK(x) (((x) & S_IFMT) == S_IFLNK)
 #define S_ISSOCK(x) 0
 
-#ifndef _STAT_H_
-#define S_IRUSR 0
-#define S_IWUSR 0
-#define S_IXUSR 0
-#define S_IRWXU (S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IXUSR)
-#endif
 #define S_IRGRP 0
 #define S_IWGRP 0
 #define S_IXGRP 0
@@ -36,6 +31,9 @@
 #define WEXITSTATUS(x) ((x) & 0xff)
 #define WTERMSIG(x) SIGTERM
 
+#define EWOULDBLOCK EAGAIN
+#define SHUT_WR SD_SEND
+
 #define SIGHUP 1
 #define SIGQUIT 3
 #define SIGKILL 9
@@ -47,6 +45,9 @@
 #define F_SETFD 2
 #define FD_CLOEXEC 0x1
 
+#define EAFNOSUPPORT WSAEAFNOSUPPORT
+#define ECONNABORTED WSAECONNABORTED
+
 struct passwd {
 	char *pw_name;
 	char *pw_gecos;
@@ -55,16 +56,6 @@
 
 extern char *getpass(const char *prompt);
 
-#ifndef POLLIN
-struct pollfd {
-	int fd;           /* file descriptor */
-	short events;     /* requested events */
-	short revents;    /* returned events */
-};
-#define POLLIN 1
-#define POLLHUP 2
-#endif
-
 typedef void (__cdecl *sig_handler_t)(int);
 struct sigaction {
 	sig_handler_t sa_handler;
@@ -128,21 +119,11 @@
 }
 #define mkdir mingw_mkdir
 
-static inline int mingw_unlink(const char *pathname)
-{
-	/* read-only files cannot be removed */
-	chmod(pathname, 0666);
-	return unlink(pathname);
-}
-#define unlink mingw_unlink
+#define WNOHANG 1
+pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, unsigned options);
 
-static inline pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, unsigned options)
-{
-	if (options == 0)
-		return _cwait(status, pid, 0);
-	errno = EINVAL;
-	return -1;
-}
+#define kill mingw_kill
+int mingw_kill(pid_t pid, int sig);
 
 #ifndef NO_OPENSSL
 #include <openssl/ssl.h>
@@ -173,7 +154,6 @@
 unsigned int sleep (unsigned int seconds);
 int mkstemp(char *template);
 int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, void *tz);
-int poll(struct pollfd *ufds, unsigned int nfds, int timeout);
 struct tm *gmtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result);
 struct tm *localtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result);
 int getpagesize(void);	/* defined in MinGW's libgcc.a */
@@ -186,6 +166,12 @@
  * replacements of existing functions
  */
 
+int mingw_unlink(const char *pathname);
+#define unlink mingw_unlink
+
+int mingw_rmdir(const char *path);
+#define rmdir mingw_rmdir
+
 int mingw_open (const char *filename, int oflags, ...);
 #define open mingw_open
 
@@ -225,6 +211,18 @@
 int mingw_connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz);
 #define connect mingw_connect
 
+int mingw_bind(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz);
+#define bind mingw_bind
+
+int mingw_setsockopt(int sockfd, int lvl, int optname, void *optval, int optlen);
+#define setsockopt mingw_setsockopt
+
+int mingw_listen(int sockfd, int backlog);
+#define listen mingw_listen
+
+int mingw_accept(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *sz);
+#define accept mingw_accept
+
 int mingw_rename(const char*, const char*);
 #define rename mingw_rename
 
@@ -233,6 +231,22 @@
 #define getpagesize mingw_getpagesize
 #endif
 
+struct rlimit {
+	unsigned int rlim_cur;
+};
+#define RLIMIT_NOFILE 0
+
+static inline int getrlimit(int resource, struct rlimit *rlp)
+{
+	if (resource != RLIMIT_NOFILE) {
+		errno = EINVAL;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	rlp->rlim_cur = 2048;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /* Use mingw_lstat() instead of lstat()/stat() and
  * mingw_fstat() instead of fstat() on Windows.
  */
@@ -305,44 +319,17 @@
 static int mingw_main(); \
 int main(int argc, const char **argv) \
 { \
+	extern CRITICAL_SECTION pinfo_cs; \
 	_fmode = _O_BINARY; \
 	_setmode(_fileno(stdin), _O_BINARY); \
 	_setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_BINARY); \
 	_setmode(_fileno(stderr), _O_BINARY); \
 	argv[0] = xstrdup(_pgmptr); \
+	InitializeCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs); \
 	return mingw_main(argc, argv); \
 } \
 static int mingw_main(c,v)
 
-#ifndef NO_MINGW_REPLACE_READDIR
-/*
- * A replacement of readdir, to ensure that it reads the file type at
- * the same time. This avoid extra unneeded lstats in git on MinGW
- */
-#undef DT_UNKNOWN
-#undef DT_DIR
-#undef DT_REG
-#undef DT_LNK
-#define DT_UNKNOWN	0
-#define DT_DIR		1
-#define DT_REG		2
-#define DT_LNK		3
-
-struct mingw_dirent
-{
-	long		d_ino;			/* Always zero. */
-	union {
-		unsigned short	d_reclen;	/* Always zero. */
-		unsigned char   d_type;		/* Reimplementation adds this */
-	};
-	unsigned short	d_namlen;		/* Length of name in d_name. */
-	char		d_name[FILENAME_MAX];	/* File name. */
-};
-#define dirent mingw_dirent
-#define readdir(x) mingw_readdir(x)
-struct dirent *mingw_readdir(DIR *dir);
-#endif // !NO_MINGW_REPLACE_READDIR
-
 /*
  * Used by Pthread API implementation for Windows
  */
diff --git a/compat/msvc.c b/compat/msvc.c
index ac04a4c..71843d7 100644
--- a/compat/msvc.c
+++ b/compat/msvc.c
@@ -3,33 +3,4 @@
 #include <conio.h>
 #include "../strbuf.h"
 
-DIR *opendir(const char *name)
-{
-	int len;
-	DIR *p;
-	p = (DIR*)malloc(sizeof(DIR));
-	memset(p, 0, sizeof(DIR));
-	strncpy(p->dd_name, name, PATH_MAX);
-	len = strlen(p->dd_name);
-	p->dd_name[len] = '/';
-	p->dd_name[len+1] = '*';
-
-	if (p == NULL)
-		return NULL;
-
-	p->dd_handle = _findfirst(p->dd_name, &p->dd_dta);
-
-	if (p->dd_handle == -1) {
-		free(p);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	return p;
-}
-int closedir(DIR *dir)
-{
-	_findclose(dir->dd_handle);
-	free(dir);
-	return 0;
-}
-
 #include "mingw.c"
diff --git a/compat/msvc.h b/compat/msvc.h
index 023aba0..a33b01c 100644
--- a/compat/msvc.h
+++ b/compat/msvc.h
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 #define inline __inline
 #define __inline__ __inline
 #define __attribute__(x)
-#define va_copy(dst, src)     ((dst) = (src))
 #define strncasecmp  _strnicmp
 #define ftruncate    _chsize
 
diff --git a/compat/nedmalloc/malloc.c.h b/compat/nedmalloc/malloc.c.h
index 87260d2..ff7c2c4 100644
--- a/compat/nedmalloc/malloc.c.h
+++ b/compat/nedmalloc/malloc.c.h
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@
 
        If you don't like either of these options, you can define
        CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION and USAGE_ERROR_ACTION to do anything
-       else. And if if you are sure that your program using malloc has
+       else. And if you are sure that your program using malloc has
        no errors or vulnerabilities, you can define INSECURE to 1,
        which might (or might not) provide a small performance improvement.
 
@@ -2279,12 +2279,12 @@
   of the same size are arranged in a circularly-linked list, with only
   the oldest chunk (the next to be used, in our FIFO ordering)
   actually in the tree.  (Tree members are distinguished by a non-null
-  parent pointer.)  If a chunk with the same size an an existing node
+  parent pointer.)  If a chunk with the same size as an existing node
   is inserted, it is linked off the existing node using pointers that
   work in the same way as fd/bk pointers of small chunks.
 
   Each tree contains a power of 2 sized range of chunk sizes (the
-  smallest is 0x100 <= x < 0x180), which is is divided in half at each
+  smallest is 0x100 <= x < 0x180), which is divided in half at each
   tree level, with the chunks in the smaller half of the range (0x100
   <= x < 0x140 for the top nose) in the left subtree and the larger
   half (0x140 <= x < 0x180) in the right subtree.  This is, of course,
@@ -3943,7 +3943,7 @@
     least-preferred order):
     1. A call to MORECORE that can normally contiguously extend memory.
        (disabled if not MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS or not HAVE_MORECORE or
-       or main space is mmapped or a previous contiguous call failed)
+       main space is mmapped or a previous contiguous call failed)
     2. A call to MMAP new space (disabled if not HAVE_MMAP).
        Note that under the default settings, if MORECORE is unable to
        fulfill a request, and HAVE_MMAP is true, then mmap is
@@ -5748,5 +5748,3 @@
 	 structure of old version,  but most details differ.)
 
 */
-
-
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/dirent.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/dirent.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 440618d..0000000
--- a/compat/vcbuild/include/dirent.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,128 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * DIRENT.H (formerly DIRLIB.H)
- * This file has no copyright assigned and is placed in the Public Domain.
- * This file is a part of the mingw-runtime package.
- *
- * The mingw-runtime package and its code is distributed in the hope that it
- * will be useful but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY.  ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR
- * IMPLIED ARE HEREBY DISCLAIMED.  This includes but is not limited to
- * warranties of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
- *
- * You are free to use this package and its code without limitation.
- */
-#ifndef _DIRENT_H_
-#define _DIRENT_H_
-#include <io.h>
-
-#define PATH_MAX 512
-
-#define __MINGW_NOTHROW
-
-#ifndef RC_INVOKED
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
-struct dirent
-{
-	long		d_ino;		/* Always zero. */
-	unsigned short	d_reclen;	/* Always zero. */
-	unsigned short	d_namlen;	/* Length of name in d_name. */
-	char		d_name[FILENAME_MAX]; /* File name. */
-};
-
-/*
- * This is an internal data structure. Good programmers will not use it
- * except as an argument to one of the functions below.
- * dd_stat field is now int (was short in older versions).
- */
-typedef struct
-{
-	/* disk transfer area for this dir */
-	struct _finddata_t	dd_dta;
-
-	/* dirent struct to return from dir (NOTE: this makes this thread
-	 * safe as long as only one thread uses a particular DIR struct at
-	 * a time) */
-	struct dirent		dd_dir;
-
-	/* _findnext handle */
-	long			dd_handle;
-
-	/*
-	 * Status of search:
-	 *   0 = not started yet (next entry to read is first entry)
-	 *  -1 = off the end
-	 *   positive = 0 based index of next entry
-	 */
-	int			dd_stat;
-
-	/* given path for dir with search pattern (struct is extended) */
-	char			dd_name[PATH_MAX+3];
-} DIR;
-
-DIR* __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW opendir (const char*);
-struct dirent* __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW readdir (DIR*);
-int __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW closedir (DIR*);
-void __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW rewinddir (DIR*);
-long __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW telldir (DIR*);
-void __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW seekdir (DIR*, long);
-
-
-/* wide char versions */
-
-struct _wdirent
-{
-	long		d_ino;		/* Always zero. */
-	unsigned short	d_reclen;	/* Always zero. */
-	unsigned short	d_namlen;	/* Length of name in d_name. */
-	wchar_t		d_name[FILENAME_MAX]; /* File name. */
-};
-
-/*
- * This is an internal data structure. Good programmers will not use it
- * except as an argument to one of the functions below.
- */
-typedef struct
-{
-	/* disk transfer area for this dir */
-	//struct _wfinddata_t	dd_dta;
-
-	/* dirent struct to return from dir (NOTE: this makes this thread
-	 * safe as long as only one thread uses a particular DIR struct at
-	 * a time) */
-	struct _wdirent		dd_dir;
-
-	/* _findnext handle */
-	long			dd_handle;
-
-	/*
-	 * Status of search:
-	 *   0 = not started yet (next entry to read is first entry)
-	 *  -1 = off the end
-	 *   positive = 0 based index of next entry
-	 */
-	int			dd_stat;
-
-	/* given path for dir with search pattern (struct is extended) */
-	wchar_t			dd_name[1];
-} _WDIR;
-
-
-
-_WDIR* __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW _wopendir (const wchar_t*);
-struct _wdirent*  __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW _wreaddir (_WDIR*);
-int __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW _wclosedir (_WDIR*);
-void __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW _wrewinddir (_WDIR*);
-long __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW _wtelldir (_WDIR*);
-void __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW _wseekdir (_WDIR*, long);
-
-
-#ifdef	__cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
-#endif	/* Not RC_INVOKED */
-
-#endif	/* Not _DIRENT_H_ */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/unistd.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/unistd.h
index 2a4f276..b14fcf9 100644
--- a/compat/vcbuild/include/unistd.h
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/include/unistd.h
@@ -45,6 +45,10 @@
 
 typedef int64_t off64_t;
 
+#define INTMAX_MIN  _I64_MIN
+#define INTMAX_MAX  _I64_MAX
+#define UINTMAX_MAX _UI64_MAX
+
 #define STDOUT_FILENO 1
 #define STDERR_FILENO 2
 
diff --git a/compat/win32/dirent.c b/compat/win32/dirent.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a0debe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/win32/dirent.c
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+#include "dirent.h"
+
+struct DIR {
+	struct dirent dd_dir; /* includes d_type */
+	HANDLE dd_handle;     /* FindFirstFile handle */
+	int dd_stat;          /* 0-based index */
+	char dd_name[1];      /* extend struct */
+};
+
+DIR *opendir(const char *name)
+{
+	DWORD attrs = GetFileAttributesA(name);
+	int len;
+	DIR *p;
+
+	/* check for valid path */
+	if (attrs == INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
+		errno = ENOENT;
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* check if it's a directory */
+	if (!(attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY)) {
+		errno = ENOTDIR;
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* check that the pattern won't be too long for FindFirstFileA */
+	len = strlen(name);
+	if (is_dir_sep(name[len - 1]))
+		len--;
+	if (len + 2 >= MAX_PATH) {
+		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	p = malloc(sizeof(DIR) + len + 2);
+	if (!p)
+		return NULL;
+
+	memset(p, 0, sizeof(DIR) + len + 2);
+	strcpy(p->dd_name, name);
+	p->dd_name[len] = '/';
+	p->dd_name[len+1] = '*';
+
+	p->dd_handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+	return p;
+}
+
+struct dirent *readdir(DIR *dir)
+{
+	WIN32_FIND_DATAA buf;
+	HANDLE handle;
+
+	if (!dir || !dir->dd_handle) {
+		errno = EBADF; /* No set_errno for mingw */
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (dir->dd_handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE && dir->dd_stat == 0) {
+		DWORD lasterr;
+		handle = FindFirstFileA(dir->dd_name, &buf);
+		lasterr = GetLastError();
+		dir->dd_handle = handle;
+		if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE && (lasterr != ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES)) {
+			errno = err_win_to_posix(lasterr);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+	} else if (dir->dd_handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
+		return NULL;
+	} else if (!FindNextFileA(dir->dd_handle, &buf)) {
+		DWORD lasterr = GetLastError();
+		FindClose(dir->dd_handle);
+		dir->dd_handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+		/* POSIX says you shouldn't set errno when readdir can't
+		   find any more files; so, if another error we leave it set. */
+		if (lasterr != ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES)
+			errno = err_win_to_posix(lasterr);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* We get here if `buf' contains valid data.  */
+	strcpy(dir->dd_dir.d_name, buf.cFileName);
+	++dir->dd_stat;
+
+	/* Set file type, based on WIN32_FIND_DATA */
+	dir->dd_dir.d_type = 0;
+	if (buf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY)
+		dir->dd_dir.d_type |= DT_DIR;
+	else
+		dir->dd_dir.d_type |= DT_REG;
+
+	return &dir->dd_dir;
+}
+
+int closedir(DIR *dir)
+{
+	if (!dir) {
+		errno = EBADF;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (dir->dd_handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
+		FindClose(dir->dd_handle);
+	free(dir);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/compat/win32/dirent.h b/compat/win32/dirent.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..927a25c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/win32/dirent.h
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#ifndef DIRENT_H
+#define DIRENT_H
+
+typedef struct DIR DIR;
+
+#define DT_UNKNOWN 0
+#define DT_DIR     1
+#define DT_REG     2
+#define DT_LNK     3
+
+struct dirent {
+	long d_ino;                      /* Always zero. */
+	char d_name[FILENAME_MAX];       /* File name. */
+	union {
+		unsigned short d_reclen; /* Always zero. */
+		unsigned char  d_type;   /* Reimplementation adds this */
+	};
+};
+
+DIR *opendir(const char *dirname);
+struct dirent *readdir(DIR *dir);
+int closedir(DIR *dir);
+
+#endif /* DIRENT_H */
diff --git a/compat/win32/sys/poll.c b/compat/win32/sys/poll.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..708a6c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/win32/sys/poll.c
@@ -0,0 +1,599 @@
+/* Emulation for poll(2)
+   Contributed by Paolo Bonzini.
+
+   Copyright 2001-2003, 2006-2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This file is part of gnulib.
+
+   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+   any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+   with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+   Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.  */
+
+/* Tell gcc not to warn about the (nfd < 0) tests, below.  */
+#if (__GNUC__ == 4 && 3 <= __GNUC_MINOR__) || 4 < __GNUC__
+# pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wtype-limits"
+#endif
+
+#include <malloc.h>
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include "poll.h"
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+
+#if (defined _WIN32 || defined __WIN32__) && ! defined __CYGWIN__
+# define WIN32_NATIVE
+# if defined (_MSC_VER)
+#  define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0502
+# endif
+# include <winsock2.h>
+# include <windows.h>
+# include <io.h>
+# include <stdio.h>
+# include <conio.h>
+#else
+# include <sys/time.h>
+# include <sys/socket.h>
+# include <sys/select.h>
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_SYS_IOCTL_H
+# include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#endif
+#ifdef HAVE_SYS_FILIO_H
+# include <sys/filio.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <time.h>
+
+#ifndef INFTIM
+# define INFTIM (-1)
+#endif
+
+/* BeOS does not have MSG_PEEK.  */
+#ifndef MSG_PEEK
+# define MSG_PEEK 0
+#endif
+
+#ifdef WIN32_NATIVE
+
+#define IsConsoleHandle(h) (((long) (h) & 3) == 3)
+
+static BOOL
+IsSocketHandle (HANDLE h)
+{
+  WSANETWORKEVENTS ev;
+
+  if (IsConsoleHandle (h))
+    return FALSE;
+
+  /* Under Wine, it seems that getsockopt returns 0 for pipes too.
+     WSAEnumNetworkEvents instead distinguishes the two correctly.  */
+  ev.lNetworkEvents = 0xDEADBEEF;
+  WSAEnumNetworkEvents ((SOCKET) h, NULL, &ev);
+  return ev.lNetworkEvents != 0xDEADBEEF;
+}
+
+/* Declare data structures for ntdll functions.  */
+typedef struct _FILE_PIPE_LOCAL_INFORMATION {
+  ULONG NamedPipeType;
+  ULONG NamedPipeConfiguration;
+  ULONG MaximumInstances;
+  ULONG CurrentInstances;
+  ULONG InboundQuota;
+  ULONG ReadDataAvailable;
+  ULONG OutboundQuota;
+  ULONG WriteQuotaAvailable;
+  ULONG NamedPipeState;
+  ULONG NamedPipeEnd;
+} FILE_PIPE_LOCAL_INFORMATION, *PFILE_PIPE_LOCAL_INFORMATION;
+
+typedef struct _IO_STATUS_BLOCK
+{
+  union {
+    DWORD Status;
+    PVOID Pointer;
+  } u;
+  ULONG_PTR Information;
+} IO_STATUS_BLOCK, *PIO_STATUS_BLOCK;
+
+typedef enum _FILE_INFORMATION_CLASS {
+  FilePipeLocalInformation = 24
+} FILE_INFORMATION_CLASS, *PFILE_INFORMATION_CLASS;
+
+typedef DWORD (WINAPI *PNtQueryInformationFile)
+	 (HANDLE, IO_STATUS_BLOCK *, VOID *, ULONG, FILE_INFORMATION_CLASS);
+
+# ifndef PIPE_BUF
+#  define PIPE_BUF      512
+# endif
+
+/* Compute revents values for file handle H.  If some events cannot happen
+   for the handle, eliminate them from *P_SOUGHT.  */
+
+static int
+win32_compute_revents (HANDLE h, int *p_sought)
+{
+  int i, ret, happened;
+  INPUT_RECORD *irbuffer;
+  DWORD avail, nbuffer;
+  BOOL bRet;
+  IO_STATUS_BLOCK iosb;
+  FILE_PIPE_LOCAL_INFORMATION fpli;
+  static PNtQueryInformationFile NtQueryInformationFile;
+  static BOOL once_only;
+
+  switch (GetFileType (h))
+    {
+    case FILE_TYPE_PIPE:
+      if (!once_only)
+	{
+	  NtQueryInformationFile = (PNtQueryInformationFile)
+	    GetProcAddress (GetModuleHandle ("ntdll.dll"),
+			    "NtQueryInformationFile");
+	  once_only = TRUE;
+	}
+
+      happened = 0;
+      if (PeekNamedPipe (h, NULL, 0, NULL, &avail, NULL) != 0)
+	{
+	  if (avail)
+	    happened |= *p_sought & (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM);
+	}
+      else if (GetLastError () == ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE)
+	happened |= POLLHUP;
+
+      else
+	{
+	  /* It was the write-end of the pipe.  Check if it is writable.
+	     If NtQueryInformationFile fails, optimistically assume the pipe is
+	     writable.  This could happen on Win9x, where NtQueryInformationFile
+	     is not available, or if we inherit a pipe that doesn't permit
+	     FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES access on the write end (I think this should
+	     not happen since WinXP SP2; WINE seems fine too).  Otherwise,
+	     ensure that enough space is available for atomic writes.  */
+	  memset (&iosb, 0, sizeof (iosb));
+	  memset (&fpli, 0, sizeof (fpli));
+
+	  if (!NtQueryInformationFile
+	      || NtQueryInformationFile (h, &iosb, &fpli, sizeof (fpli),
+					 FilePipeLocalInformation)
+	      || fpli.WriteQuotaAvailable >= PIPE_BUF
+	      || (fpli.OutboundQuota < PIPE_BUF &&
+		  fpli.WriteQuotaAvailable == fpli.OutboundQuota))
+	    happened |= *p_sought & (POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM | POLLWRBAND);
+	}
+      return happened;
+
+    case FILE_TYPE_CHAR:
+      ret = WaitForSingleObject (h, 0);
+      if (!IsConsoleHandle (h))
+	return ret == WAIT_OBJECT_0 ? *p_sought & ~(POLLPRI | POLLRDBAND) : 0;
+
+      nbuffer = avail = 0;
+      bRet = GetNumberOfConsoleInputEvents (h, &nbuffer);
+      if (bRet)
+	{
+	  /* Input buffer.  */
+	  *p_sought &= POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;
+	  if (nbuffer == 0)
+	    return POLLHUP;
+	  if (!*p_sought)
+	    return 0;
+
+	  irbuffer = (INPUT_RECORD *) alloca (nbuffer * sizeof (INPUT_RECORD));
+	  bRet = PeekConsoleInput (h, irbuffer, nbuffer, &avail);
+	  if (!bRet || avail == 0)
+	    return POLLHUP;
+
+	  for (i = 0; i < avail; i++)
+	    if (irbuffer[i].EventType == KEY_EVENT)
+	      return *p_sought;
+	  return 0;
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  /* Screen buffer.  */
+	  *p_sought &= POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM | POLLWRBAND;
+	  return *p_sought;
+	}
+
+    default:
+      ret = WaitForSingleObject (h, 0);
+      if (ret == WAIT_OBJECT_0)
+	return *p_sought & ~(POLLPRI | POLLRDBAND);
+
+      return *p_sought & (POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM | POLLWRBAND);
+    }
+}
+
+/* Convert fd_sets returned by select into revents values.  */
+
+static int
+win32_compute_revents_socket (SOCKET h, int sought, long lNetworkEvents)
+{
+  int happened = 0;
+
+  if ((lNetworkEvents & (FD_READ | FD_ACCEPT | FD_CLOSE)) == FD_ACCEPT)
+    happened |= (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM) & sought;
+
+  else if (lNetworkEvents & (FD_READ | FD_ACCEPT | FD_CLOSE))
+    {
+      int r, error;
+
+      char data[64];
+      WSASetLastError (0);
+      r = recv (h, data, sizeof (data), MSG_PEEK);
+      error = WSAGetLastError ();
+      WSASetLastError (0);
+
+      if (r > 0 || error == WSAENOTCONN)
+	happened |= (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM) & sought;
+
+      /* Distinguish hung-up sockets from other errors.  */
+      else if (r == 0 || error == WSAESHUTDOWN || error == WSAECONNRESET
+	       || error == WSAECONNABORTED || error == WSAENETRESET)
+	happened |= POLLHUP;
+
+      else
+	happened |= POLLERR;
+    }
+
+  if (lNetworkEvents & (FD_WRITE | FD_CONNECT))
+    happened |= (POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM | POLLWRBAND) & sought;
+
+  if (lNetworkEvents & FD_OOB)
+    happened |= (POLLPRI | POLLRDBAND) & sought;
+
+  return happened;
+}
+
+#else /* !MinGW */
+
+/* Convert select(2) returned fd_sets into poll(2) revents values.  */
+static int
+compute_revents (int fd, int sought, fd_set *rfds, fd_set *wfds, fd_set *efds)
+{
+  int happened = 0;
+  if (FD_ISSET (fd, rfds))
+    {
+      int r;
+      int socket_errno;
+
+# if defined __MACH__ && defined __APPLE__
+      /* There is a bug in Mac OS X that causes it to ignore MSG_PEEK
+	 for some kinds of descriptors.  Detect if this descriptor is a
+	 connected socket, a server socket, or something else using a
+	 0-byte recv, and use ioctl(2) to detect POLLHUP.  */
+      r = recv (fd, NULL, 0, MSG_PEEK);
+      socket_errno = (r < 0) ? errno : 0;
+      if (r == 0 || socket_errno == ENOTSOCK)
+	ioctl (fd, FIONREAD, &r);
+# else
+      char data[64];
+      r = recv (fd, data, sizeof (data), MSG_PEEK);
+      socket_errno = (r < 0) ? errno : 0;
+# endif
+      if (r == 0)
+	happened |= POLLHUP;
+
+      /* If the event happened on an unconnected server socket,
+	 that's fine. */
+      else if (r > 0 || ( /* (r == -1) && */ socket_errno == ENOTCONN))
+	happened |= (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM) & sought;
+
+      /* Distinguish hung-up sockets from other errors.  */
+      else if (socket_errno == ESHUTDOWN || socket_errno == ECONNRESET
+	       || socket_errno == ECONNABORTED || socket_errno == ENETRESET)
+	happened |= POLLHUP;
+
+      else
+	happened |= POLLERR;
+    }
+
+  if (FD_ISSET (fd, wfds))
+    happened |= (POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM | POLLWRBAND) & sought;
+
+  if (FD_ISSET (fd, efds))
+    happened |= (POLLPRI | POLLRDBAND) & sought;
+
+  return happened;
+}
+#endif /* !MinGW */
+
+int
+poll (pfd, nfd, timeout)
+     struct pollfd *pfd;
+     nfds_t nfd;
+     int timeout;
+{
+#ifndef WIN32_NATIVE
+  fd_set rfds, wfds, efds;
+  struct timeval tv;
+  struct timeval *ptv;
+  int maxfd, rc;
+  nfds_t i;
+
+# ifdef _SC_OPEN_MAX
+  static int sc_open_max = -1;
+
+  if (nfd < 0
+      || (nfd > sc_open_max
+	  && (sc_open_max != -1
+	      || nfd > (sc_open_max = sysconf (_SC_OPEN_MAX)))))
+    {
+      errno = EINVAL;
+      return -1;
+    }
+# else /* !_SC_OPEN_MAX */
+#  ifdef OPEN_MAX
+  if (nfd < 0 || nfd > OPEN_MAX)
+    {
+      errno = EINVAL;
+      return -1;
+    }
+#  endif /* OPEN_MAX -- else, no check is needed */
+# endif /* !_SC_OPEN_MAX */
+
+  /* EFAULT is not necessary to implement, but let's do it in the
+     simplest case. */
+  if (!pfd)
+    {
+      errno = EFAULT;
+      return -1;
+    }
+
+  /* convert timeout number into a timeval structure */
+  if (timeout == 0)
+    {
+      ptv = &tv;
+      ptv->tv_sec = 0;
+      ptv->tv_usec = 0;
+    }
+  else if (timeout > 0)
+    {
+      ptv = &tv;
+      ptv->tv_sec = timeout / 1000;
+      ptv->tv_usec = (timeout % 1000) * 1000;
+    }
+  else if (timeout == INFTIM)
+    /* wait forever */
+    ptv = NULL;
+  else
+    {
+      errno = EINVAL;
+      return -1;
+    }
+
+  /* create fd sets and determine max fd */
+  maxfd = -1;
+  FD_ZERO (&rfds);
+  FD_ZERO (&wfds);
+  FD_ZERO (&efds);
+  for (i = 0; i < nfd; i++)
+    {
+      if (pfd[i].fd < 0)
+	continue;
+
+      if (pfd[i].events & (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM))
+	FD_SET (pfd[i].fd, &rfds);
+
+      /* see select(2): "the only exceptional condition detectable
+	 is out-of-band data received on a socket", hence we push
+	 POLLWRBAND events onto wfds instead of efds. */
+      if (pfd[i].events & (POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM | POLLWRBAND))
+	FD_SET (pfd[i].fd, &wfds);
+      if (pfd[i].events & (POLLPRI | POLLRDBAND))
+	FD_SET (pfd[i].fd, &efds);
+      if (pfd[i].fd >= maxfd
+	  && (pfd[i].events & (POLLIN | POLLOUT | POLLPRI
+			       | POLLRDNORM | POLLRDBAND
+			       | POLLWRNORM | POLLWRBAND)))
+	{
+	  maxfd = pfd[i].fd;
+	  if (maxfd > FD_SETSIZE)
+	    {
+	      errno = EOVERFLOW;
+	      return -1;
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+  /* examine fd sets */
+  rc = select (maxfd + 1, &rfds, &wfds, &efds, ptv);
+  if (rc < 0)
+    return rc;
+
+  /* establish results */
+  rc = 0;
+  for (i = 0; i < nfd; i++)
+    if (pfd[i].fd < 0)
+      pfd[i].revents = 0;
+    else
+      {
+	int happened = compute_revents (pfd[i].fd, pfd[i].events,
+					&rfds, &wfds, &efds);
+	if (happened)
+	  {
+	    pfd[i].revents = happened;
+	    rc++;
+	  }
+      }
+
+  return rc;
+#else
+  static struct timeval tv0;
+  static HANDLE hEvent;
+  WSANETWORKEVENTS ev;
+  HANDLE h, handle_array[FD_SETSIZE + 2];
+  DWORD ret, wait_timeout, nhandles;
+  fd_set rfds, wfds, xfds;
+  BOOL poll_again;
+  MSG msg;
+  int rc = 0;
+  nfds_t i;
+
+  if (nfd < 0 || timeout < -1)
+    {
+      errno = EINVAL;
+      return -1;
+    }
+
+  if (!hEvent)
+    hEvent = CreateEvent (NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
+
+  handle_array[0] = hEvent;
+  nhandles = 1;
+  FD_ZERO (&rfds);
+  FD_ZERO (&wfds);
+  FD_ZERO (&xfds);
+
+  /* Classify socket handles and create fd sets. */
+  for (i = 0; i < nfd; i++)
+    {
+      int sought = pfd[i].events;
+      pfd[i].revents = 0;
+      if (pfd[i].fd < 0)
+	continue;
+      if (!(sought & (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM | POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM | POLLWRBAND
+		      | POLLPRI | POLLRDBAND)))
+	continue;
+
+      h = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle (pfd[i].fd);
+      assert (h != NULL);
+      if (IsSocketHandle (h))
+	{
+	  int requested = FD_CLOSE;
+
+	  /* see above; socket handles are mapped onto select.  */
+	  if (sought & (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM))
+	    {
+	      requested |= FD_READ | FD_ACCEPT;
+	      FD_SET ((SOCKET) h, &rfds);
+	    }
+	  if (sought & (POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM | POLLWRBAND))
+	    {
+	      requested |= FD_WRITE | FD_CONNECT;
+	      FD_SET ((SOCKET) h, &wfds);
+	    }
+	  if (sought & (POLLPRI | POLLRDBAND))
+	    {
+	      requested |= FD_OOB;
+	      FD_SET ((SOCKET) h, &xfds);
+	    }
+
+	  if (requested)
+	    WSAEventSelect ((SOCKET) h, hEvent, requested);
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  /* Poll now.  If we get an event, do not poll again.  Also,
+	     screen buffer handles are waitable, and they'll block until
+	     a character is available.  win32_compute_revents eliminates
+	     bits for the "wrong" direction. */
+	  pfd[i].revents = win32_compute_revents (h, &sought);
+	  if (sought)
+	    handle_array[nhandles++] = h;
+	  if (pfd[i].revents)
+	    timeout = 0;
+	}
+    }
+
+  if (select (0, &rfds, &wfds, &xfds, &tv0) > 0)
+    {
+      /* Do MsgWaitForMultipleObjects anyway to dispatch messages, but
+	 no need to call select again.  */
+      poll_again = FALSE;
+      wait_timeout = 0;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      poll_again = TRUE;
+      if (timeout == INFTIM)
+	wait_timeout = INFINITE;
+      else
+	wait_timeout = timeout;
+    }
+
+  for (;;)
+    {
+      ret = MsgWaitForMultipleObjects (nhandles, handle_array, FALSE,
+				       wait_timeout, QS_ALLINPUT);
+
+      if (ret == WAIT_OBJECT_0 + nhandles)
+	{
+	  /* new input of some other kind */
+	  BOOL bRet;
+	  while ((bRet = PeekMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE)) != 0)
+	    {
+	      TranslateMessage (&msg);
+	      DispatchMessage (&msg);
+	    }
+	}
+      else
+	break;
+    }
+
+  if (poll_again)
+    select (0, &rfds, &wfds, &xfds, &tv0);
+
+  /* Place a sentinel at the end of the array.  */
+  handle_array[nhandles] = NULL;
+  nhandles = 1;
+  for (i = 0; i < nfd; i++)
+    {
+      int happened;
+
+      if (pfd[i].fd < 0)
+	continue;
+      if (!(pfd[i].events & (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM |
+			     POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM | POLLWRBAND)))
+	continue;
+
+      h = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle (pfd[i].fd);
+      if (h != handle_array[nhandles])
+	{
+	  /* It's a socket.  */
+	  WSAEnumNetworkEvents ((SOCKET) h, NULL, &ev);
+	  WSAEventSelect ((SOCKET) h, 0, 0);
+
+	  /* If we're lucky, WSAEnumNetworkEvents already provided a way
+	     to distinguish FD_READ and FD_ACCEPT; this saves a recv later.  */
+	  if (FD_ISSET ((SOCKET) h, &rfds)
+	      && !(ev.lNetworkEvents & (FD_READ | FD_ACCEPT)))
+	    ev.lNetworkEvents |= FD_READ | FD_ACCEPT;
+	  if (FD_ISSET ((SOCKET) h, &wfds))
+	    ev.lNetworkEvents |= FD_WRITE | FD_CONNECT;
+	  if (FD_ISSET ((SOCKET) h, &xfds))
+	    ev.lNetworkEvents |= FD_OOB;
+
+	  happened = win32_compute_revents_socket ((SOCKET) h, pfd[i].events,
+						   ev.lNetworkEvents);
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  /* Not a socket.  */
+	  int sought = pfd[i].events;
+	  happened = win32_compute_revents (h, &sought);
+	  nhandles++;
+	}
+
+       if ((pfd[i].revents |= happened) != 0)
+	rc++;
+    }
+
+  return rc;
+#endif
+}
diff --git a/compat/win32/sys/poll.h b/compat/win32/sys/poll.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b7aa59d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/win32/sys/poll.h
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/* Header for poll(2) emulation
+   Contributed by Paolo Bonzini.
+
+   Copyright 2001, 2002, 2003, 2007, 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This file is part of gnulib.
+
+   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+   any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+   with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+   Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.  */
+
+#ifndef _GL_POLL_H
+#define _GL_POLL_H
+
+/* fake a poll(2) environment */
+#define POLLIN      0x0001      /* any readable data available   */
+#define POLLPRI     0x0002      /* OOB/Urgent readable data      */
+#define POLLOUT     0x0004      /* file descriptor is writeable  */
+#define POLLERR     0x0008      /* some poll error occurred      */
+#define POLLHUP     0x0010      /* file descriptor was "hung up" */
+#define POLLNVAL    0x0020      /* requested events "invalid"    */
+#define POLLRDNORM  0x0040
+#define POLLRDBAND  0x0080
+#define POLLWRNORM  0x0100
+#define POLLWRBAND  0x0200
+
+struct pollfd
+{
+  int fd;                       /* which file descriptor to poll */
+  short events;                 /* events we are interested in   */
+  short revents;                /* events found on return        */
+};
+
+typedef unsigned long nfds_t;
+
+extern int poll (struct pollfd *pfd, nfds_t nfd, int timeout);
+
+/* Define INFTIM only if doing so conforms to POSIX.  */
+#if !defined (_POSIX_C_SOURCE) && !defined (_XOPEN_SOURCE)
+#define INFTIM (-1)
+#endif
+
+#endif /* _GL_POLL_H */
diff --git a/compat/win32/syslog.c b/compat/win32/syslog.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..42b95a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/win32/syslog.c
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+#include "../../git-compat-util.h"
+#include "../../strbuf.h"
+
+static HANDLE ms_eventlog;
+
+void openlog(const char *ident, int logopt, int facility)
+{
+	if (ms_eventlog)
+		return;
+
+	ms_eventlog = RegisterEventSourceA(NULL, ident);
+
+	if (!ms_eventlog)
+		warning("RegisterEventSource() failed: %lu", GetLastError());
+}
+
+void syslog(int priority, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf_expand_dict_entry dict[] = {
+		{"1", "% 1"},
+		{NULL, NULL}
+	};
+	WORD logtype;
+	char *str;
+	int str_len;
+	va_list ap;
+
+	if (!ms_eventlog)
+		return;
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	str_len = vsnprintf(NULL, 0, fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+
+	if (str_len < 0) {
+		warning("vsnprintf failed: '%s'", strerror(errno));
+		return;
+	}
+
+	str = malloc(str_len + 1);
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	vsnprintf(str, str_len + 1, fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+	strbuf_expand(&sb, str, strbuf_expand_dict_cb, &dict);
+	free(str);
+
+	switch (priority) {
+	case LOG_EMERG:
+	case LOG_ALERT:
+	case LOG_CRIT:
+	case LOG_ERR:
+		logtype = EVENTLOG_ERROR_TYPE;
+		break;
+
+	case LOG_WARNING:
+		logtype = EVENTLOG_WARNING_TYPE;
+		break;
+
+	case LOG_NOTICE:
+	case LOG_INFO:
+	case LOG_DEBUG:
+	default:
+		logtype = EVENTLOG_INFORMATION_TYPE;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	ReportEventA(ms_eventlog, logtype, 0, 0, NULL, 1, 0,
+	    (const char **)&sb.buf, NULL);
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
diff --git a/compat/win32/syslog.h b/compat/win32/syslog.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70daa7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/win32/syslog.h
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#ifndef SYSLOG_H
+#define SYSLOG_H
+
+#define LOG_PID     0x01
+
+#define LOG_EMERG   0
+#define LOG_ALERT   1
+#define LOG_CRIT    2
+#define LOG_ERR     3
+#define LOG_WARNING 4
+#define LOG_NOTICE  5
+#define LOG_INFO    6
+#define LOG_DEBUG   7
+
+#define LOG_DAEMON  (3<<3)
+
+void openlog(const char *ident, int logopt, int facility);
+void syslog(int priority, const char *fmt, ...);
+
+#endif /* SYSLOG_H */
diff --git a/config.c b/config.c
index 8220c0c..61de4d6 100644
--- a/config.c
+++ b/config.c
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@
 	return ret;
 }
 
-int git_config_maybe_bool(const char *name, const char *value)
+static int git_config_maybe_bool_text(const char *name, const char *value)
 {
 	if (!value)
 		return 1;
@@ -414,9 +414,19 @@
 	return -1;
 }
 
+int git_config_maybe_bool(const char *name, const char *value)
+{
+	long v = git_config_maybe_bool_text(name, value);
+	if (0 <= v)
+		return v;
+	if (git_parse_long(value, &v))
+		return !!v;
+	return -1;
+}
+
 int git_config_bool_or_int(const char *name, const char *value, int *is_bool)
 {
-	int v = git_config_maybe_bool(name, value);
+	int v = git_config_maybe_bool_text(name, value);
 	if (0 <= v) {
 		*is_bool = 1;
 		return v;
@@ -501,6 +511,14 @@
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.abbrev")) {
+		int abbrev = git_config_int(var, value);
+		if (abbrev < minimum_abbrev || abbrev > 40)
+			return -1;
+		default_abbrev = abbrev;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.loosecompression")) {
 		int level = git_config_int(var, value);
 		if (level == -1)
@@ -537,6 +555,12 @@
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.bigfilethreshold")) {
+		long n = git_config_int(var, value);
+		big_file_threshold = 0 < n ? n : 0;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.packedgitlimit")) {
 		packed_git_limit = git_config_int(var, value);
 		return 0;
@@ -707,8 +731,10 @@
 			push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_NOTHING;
 		else if (!strcmp(value, "matching"))
 			push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_MATCHING;
-		else if (!strcmp(value, "tracking"))
-			push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_TRACKING;
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "upstream"))
+			push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_UPSTREAM;
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "tracking")) /* deprecated */
+			push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_UPSTREAM;
 		else if (!strcmp(value, "current"))
 			push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_CURRENT;
 		else {
@@ -801,11 +827,6 @@
 	return !git_env_bool("GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM", 0);
 }
 
-int git_config_global(void)
-{
-	return !git_env_bool("GIT_CONFIG_NOGLOBAL", 0);
-}
-
 int git_config_early(config_fn_t fn, void *data, const char *repo_config)
 {
 	int ret = 0, found = 0;
@@ -821,7 +842,7 @@
 	}
 
 	home = getenv("HOME");
-	if (git_config_global() && home) {
+	if (home) {
 		char *user_config = xstrdup(mkpath("%s/.gitconfig", home));
 		if (!access(user_config, R_OK)) {
 			ret += git_config_from_file(fn, user_config, data);
@@ -846,9 +867,7 @@
 		break;
 	}
 
-	if (found == 0)
-		return -1;
-	return ret;
+	return ret == 0 ? found : ret;
 }
 
 int git_config(config_fn_t fn, void *data)
@@ -1062,6 +1081,75 @@
 }
 
 /*
+ * Auxiliary function to sanity-check and split the key into the section
+ * identifier and variable name.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success, -1 when there is an invalid character in the key and
+ * -2 if there is no section name in the key.
+ *
+ * store_key - pointer to char* which will hold a copy of the key with
+ *             lowercase section and variable name
+ * baselen - pointer to int which will hold the length of the
+ *           section + subsection part, can be NULL
+ */
+int git_config_parse_key(const char *key, char **store_key, int *baselen_)
+{
+	int i, dot, baselen;
+	const char *last_dot = strrchr(key, '.');
+
+	/*
+	 * Since "key" actually contains the section name and the real
+	 * key name separated by a dot, we have to know where the dot is.
+	 */
+
+	if (last_dot == NULL || last_dot == key) {
+		error("key does not contain a section: %s", key);
+		return -2;
+	}
+
+	if (!last_dot[1]) {
+		error("key does not contain variable name: %s", key);
+		return -2;
+	}
+
+	baselen = last_dot - key;
+	if (baselen_)
+		*baselen_ = baselen;
+
+	/*
+	 * Validate the key and while at it, lower case it for matching.
+	 */
+	*store_key = xmalloc(strlen(key) + 1);
+
+	dot = 0;
+	for (i = 0; key[i]; i++) {
+		unsigned char c = key[i];
+		if (c == '.')
+			dot = 1;
+		/* Leave the extended basename untouched.. */
+		if (!dot || i > baselen) {
+			if (!iskeychar(c) ||
+			    (i == baselen + 1 && !isalpha(c))) {
+				error("invalid key: %s", key);
+				goto out_free_ret_1;
+			}
+			c = tolower(c);
+		} else if (c == '\n') {
+			error("invalid key (newline): %s", key);
+			goto out_free_ret_1;
+		}
+		(*store_key)[i] = c;
+	}
+	(*store_key)[i] = 0;
+
+	return 0;
+
+out_free_ret_1:
+	free(*store_key);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/*
  * If value==NULL, unset in (remove from) config,
  * if value_regex!=NULL, disregard key/value pairs where value does not match.
  * if multi_replace==0, nothing, or only one matching key/value is replaced,
@@ -1087,59 +1175,23 @@
 int git_config_set_multivar(const char *key, const char *value,
 	const char *value_regex, int multi_replace)
 {
-	int i, dot;
 	int fd = -1, in_fd;
 	int ret;
 	char *config_filename;
 	struct lock_file *lock = NULL;
-	const char *last_dot = strrchr(key, '.');
 
 	if (config_exclusive_filename)
 		config_filename = xstrdup(config_exclusive_filename);
 	else
 		config_filename = git_pathdup("config");
 
-	/*
-	 * Since "key" actually contains the section name and the real
-	 * key name separated by a dot, we have to know where the dot is.
-	 */
-
-	if (last_dot == NULL) {
-		error("key does not contain a section: %s", key);
-		ret = 2;
+	/* parse-key returns negative; flip the sign to feed exit(3) */
+	ret = 0 - git_config_parse_key(key, &store.key, &store.baselen);
+	if (ret)
 		goto out_free;
-	}
-	store.baselen = last_dot - key;
 
 	store.multi_replace = multi_replace;
 
-	/*
-	 * Validate the key and while at it, lower case it for matching.
-	 */
-	store.key = xmalloc(strlen(key) + 1);
-	dot = 0;
-	for (i = 0; key[i]; i++) {
-		unsigned char c = key[i];
-		if (c == '.')
-			dot = 1;
-		/* Leave the extended basename untouched.. */
-		if (!dot || i > store.baselen) {
-			if (!iskeychar(c) || (i == store.baselen+1 && !isalpha(c))) {
-				error("invalid key: %s", key);
-				free(store.key);
-				ret = 1;
-				goto out_free;
-			}
-			c = tolower(c);
-		} else if (c == '\n') {
-			error("invalid key (newline): %s", key);
-			free(store.key);
-			ret = 1;
-			goto out_free;
-		}
-		store.key[i] = c;
-	}
-	store.key[i] = 0;
 
 	/*
 	 * The lock serves a purpose in addition to locking: the new
diff --git a/config.mak.in b/config.mak.in
index a0c34ee..1258528 100644
--- a/config.mak.in
+++ b/config.mak.in
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 gitexecdir = @libexecdir@/git-core
 datarootdir = @datarootdir@
 template_dir = @datadir@/git-core/templates
+sysconfdir = @sysconfdir@
 
 mandir=@mandir@
 
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@
 export exec_prefix mandir
 export srcdir VPATH
 
-ASCIIDOC8=@ASCIIDOC8@
+ASCIIDOC7=@ASCIIDOC7@
 NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO=@NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO@
 NO_OPENSSL=@NO_OPENSSL@
 NO_CURL=@NO_CURL@
@@ -43,10 +44,11 @@
 NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT=@NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT@
 NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE=@NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE@
 NO_IPV6=@NO_IPV6@
-NO_C99_FORMAT=@NO_C99_FORMAT@
 NO_HSTRERROR=@NO_HSTRERROR@
 NO_STRCASESTR=@NO_STRCASESTR@
 NO_STRTOK_R=@NO_STRTOK_R@
+NO_FNMATCH=@NO_FNMATCH@
+NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD=@NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD@
 NO_MEMMEM=@NO_MEMMEM@
 NO_STRLCPY=@NO_STRLCPY@
 NO_UINTMAX_T=@NO_UINTMAX_T@
diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index cc55b6d..fafd815 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@
 AC_CACHE_CHECK([if linker supports -R], git_cv_ld_dashr, [
    SAVE_LDFLAGS="${LDFLAGS}"
    LDFLAGS="${SAVE_LDFLAGS} -R /"
-   AC_LINK_IFELSE(AC_LANG_PROGRAM([], []), [git_cv_ld_dashr=yes], [git_cv_ld_dashr=no])
+   AC_LINK_IFELSE([AC_LANG_PROGRAM([], [])], [git_cv_ld_dashr=yes], [git_cv_ld_dashr=no])
    LDFLAGS="${SAVE_LDFLAGS}"
 ])
 if test "$git_cv_ld_dashr" = "yes"; then
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@
    AC_CACHE_CHECK([if linker supports -Wl,-rpath,], git_cv_ld_wl_rpath, [
       SAVE_LDFLAGS="${LDFLAGS}"
       LDFLAGS="${SAVE_LDFLAGS} -Wl,-rpath,/"
-      AC_LINK_IFELSE(AC_LANG_PROGRAM([], []), [git_cv_ld_wl_rpath=yes], [git_cv_ld_wl_rpath=no])
+      AC_LINK_IFELSE([AC_LANG_PROGRAM([], [])], [git_cv_ld_wl_rpath=yes], [git_cv_ld_wl_rpath=no])
       LDFLAGS="${SAVE_LDFLAGS}"
    ])
    if test "$git_cv_ld_wl_rpath" = "yes"; then
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@
       AC_CACHE_CHECK([if linker supports -rpath], git_cv_ld_rpath, [
          SAVE_LDFLAGS="${LDFLAGS}"
          LDFLAGS="${SAVE_LDFLAGS} -rpath /"
-         AC_LINK_IFELSE(AC_LANG_PROGRAM([], []), [git_cv_ld_rpath=yes], [git_cv_ld_rpath=no])
+         AC_LINK_IFELSE([AC_LANG_PROGRAM([], [])], [git_cv_ld_rpath=yes], [git_cv_ld_rpath=no])
          LDFLAGS="${SAVE_LDFLAGS}"
       ])
       if test "$git_cv_ld_rpath" = "yes"; then
@@ -398,21 +398,21 @@
 	AC_MSG_CHECKING([for asciidoc version])
 	asciidoc_version=`$ASCIIDOC --version 2>/dev/null`
 	case "${asciidoc_version}" in
-	asciidoc' '8*)
-		ASCIIDOC8=YesPlease
+	asciidoc' '7*)
+		ASCIIDOC7=YesPlease
 		AC_MSG_RESULT([${asciidoc_version} > 7])
 		;;
-	asciidoc' '7*)
-		ASCIIDOC8=
+	asciidoc' '8*)
+		ASCIIDOC7=
 		AC_MSG_RESULT([${asciidoc_version}])
 		;;
 	*)
-		ASCIIDOC8=
+		ASCIIDOC7=
 		AC_MSG_RESULT([${asciidoc_version} (unknown)])
 		;;
 	esac
 fi
-AC_SUBST(ASCIIDOC8)
+AC_SUBST(ASCIIDOC7)
 
 
 ## Checks for libraries.
@@ -472,15 +472,9 @@
 
 GIT_STASH_FLAGS($ICONVDIR)
 
-AC_DEFUN([ICONVTEST_SRC], [
-#include <iconv.h>
-
-int main(void)
-{
-	iconv_open("", "");
-	return 0;
-}
-])
+AC_DEFUN([ICONVTEST_SRC],
+[AC_LANG_PROGRAM([#include <iconv.h>],
+ [iconv_open("", "");])])
 
 if test -n "$ICONVDIR"; then
    lib_order="-liconv -lc"
@@ -500,7 +494,7 @@
     old_LIBS="$LIBS"
     LIBS="$LIBS $l"
     AC_MSG_CHECKING([for iconv in $l])
-    AC_LINK_IFELSE(ICONVTEST_SRC,
+    AC_LINK_IFELSE([ICONVTEST_SRC],
 	[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
 	NO_ICONV=
 	break],
@@ -528,18 +522,12 @@
 GIT_STASH_FLAGS($ZLIB_PATH)
 
 AC_DEFUN([ZLIBTEST_SRC], [
-#include <zlib.h>
-
-int main(void)
-{
-	deflateBound(0, 0);
-	return 0;
-}
-])
+AC_LANG_PROGRAM([#include <zlib.h>],
+ [deflateBound(0, 0);])])
 AC_MSG_CHECKING([for deflateBound in -lz])
 old_LIBS="$LIBS"
 LIBS="$LIBS -lz"
-AC_LINK_IFELSE(ZLIBTEST_SRC,
+AC_LINK_IFELSE([ZLIBTEST_SRC],
 	[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])],
 	[AC_MSG_RESULT([no])
 	NO_DEFLATE_BOUND=yes])
@@ -617,25 +605,33 @@
 [NO_SYS_SELECT_H=UnfortunatelyYes])
 AC_SUBST(NO_SYS_SELECT_H)
 #
+# Define NO_SYS_POLL_H if you don't have sys/poll.h
+AC_CHECK_HEADER([sys/poll.h],
+[NO_SYS_POLL_H=],
+[NO_SYS_POLL_H=UnfortunatelyYes])
+AC_SUBST(NO_SYS_POLL_H)
+#
+# Define NO_INTTYPES_H if you don't have inttypes.h
+AC_CHECK_HEADER([inttypes.h],
+[NO_INTTYPES_H=],
+[NO_INTTYPES_H=UnfortunatelyYes])
+AC_SUBST(NO_INTTYPES_H)
+#
 # Define OLD_ICONV if your library has an old iconv(), where the second
 # (input buffer pointer) parameter is declared with type (const char **).
-AC_DEFUN([OLDICONVTEST_SRC], [[
+AC_DEFUN([OLDICONVTEST_SRC], [
+AC_LANG_PROGRAM([[
 #include <iconv.h>
 
 extern size_t iconv(iconv_t cd,
 		    char **inbuf, size_t *inbytesleft,
 		    char **outbuf, size_t *outbytesleft);
-
-int main(void)
-{
-	return 0;
-}
-]])
+]], [])])
 
 GIT_STASH_FLAGS($ICONVDIR)
 
 AC_MSG_CHECKING([for old iconv()])
-AC_COMPILE_IFELSE(OLDICONVTEST_SRC,
+AC_COMPILE_IFELSE([OLDICONVTEST_SRC],
 	[AC_MSG_RESULT([no])],
 	[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
 	OLD_ICONV=UnfortunatelyYes])
@@ -690,30 +686,6 @@
 ])
 AC_SUBST(NO_IPV6)
 #
-# Define NO_C99_FORMAT if your formatted IO functions (printf/scanf et.al.)
-# do not support the 'size specifiers' introduced by C99, namely ll, hh,
-# j, z, t. (representing long long int, char, intmax_t, size_t, ptrdiff_t).
-# some C compilers supported these specifiers prior to C99 as an extension.
-AC_CACHE_CHECK([whether formatted IO functions support C99 size specifiers],
- [ac_cv_c_c99_format],
-[# Actually git uses only %z (%zu) in alloc.c, and %t (%td) in mktag.c
-AC_RUN_IFELSE(
-	[AC_LANG_PROGRAM([AC_INCLUDES_DEFAULT],
-		[[char buf[64];
-		if (sprintf(buf, "%lld%hhd%jd%zd%td", (long long int)1, (char)2, (intmax_t)3, (size_t)4, (ptrdiff_t)5) != 5)
-		  return 1;
-		else if (strcmp(buf, "12345"))
-		  return 2;]])],
-	[ac_cv_c_c99_format=yes],
-	[ac_cv_c_c99_format=no])
-])
-if test $ac_cv_c_c99_format = no; then
-	NO_C99_FORMAT=YesPlease
-else
-	NO_C99_FORMAT=
-fi
-AC_SUBST(NO_C99_FORMAT)
-#
 # Define NO_REGEX if you have no or inferior regex support in your C library.
 AC_CACHE_CHECK([whether the platform regex can handle null bytes],
  [ac_cv_c_excellent_regex], [
@@ -818,6 +790,34 @@
 [NO_STRTOK_R=YesPlease])
 AC_SUBST(NO_STRTOK_R)
 #
+# Define NO_FNMATCH if you don't have fnmatch
+GIT_CHECK_FUNC(fnmatch,
+[NO_FNMATCH=],
+[NO_FNMATCH=YesPlease])
+AC_SUBST(NO_FNMATCH)
+#
+# Define NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD if your fnmatch function doesn't have the
+# FNM_CASEFOLD GNU extension.
+AC_CACHE_CHECK([whether the fnmatch function supports the FNMATCH_CASEFOLD GNU extension],
+ [ac_cv_c_excellent_fnmatch], [
+AC_EGREP_CPP(yippeeyeswehaveit,
+	AC_LANG_PROGRAM([
+#include <fnmatch.h>
+],
+[#ifdef FNM_CASEFOLD
+yippeeyeswehaveit
+#endif
+]),
+	[ac_cv_c_excellent_fnmatch=yes],
+	[ac_cv_c_excellent_fnmatch=no])
+])
+if test $ac_cv_c_excellent_fnmatch = yes; then
+	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD=
+else
+	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD=YesPlease
+fi
+AC_SUBST(NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD)
+#
 # Define NO_MEMMEM if you don't have memmem.
 GIT_CHECK_FUNC(memmem,
 [NO_MEMMEM=],
@@ -868,6 +868,12 @@
 [NO_MKSTEMPS=YesPlease])
 AC_SUBST(NO_MKSTEMPS)
 #
+# Define NO_INITGROUPS if you don't have initgroups in the C library.
+GIT_CHECK_FUNC(initgroups,
+[NO_INITGROUPS=],
+[NO_INITGROUPS=YesPlease])
+AC_SUBST(NO_INITGROUPS)
+#
 #
 # Define NO_MMAP if you want to avoid mmap.
 #
@@ -885,18 +891,18 @@
 #
 # Define PTHREAD_LIBS to the linker flag used for Pthread support.
 AC_DEFUN([PTHREADTEST_SRC], [
+AC_LANG_PROGRAM([[
 #include <pthread.h>
-
-int main(void)
-{
+]], [[
 	pthread_mutex_t test_mutex;
+	pthread_key_t test_key;
 	int retcode = 0;
+	retcode |= pthread_key_create(&test_key, (void *)0);
 	retcode |= pthread_mutex_init(&test_mutex,(void *)0);
 	retcode |= pthread_mutex_lock(&test_mutex);
 	retcode |= pthread_mutex_unlock(&test_mutex);
 	return retcode;
-}
-])
+]])])
 
 dnl AC_LANG_CONFTEST([AC_LANG_PROGRAM(
 dnl   [[#include <pthread.h>]],
@@ -916,7 +922,7 @@
      old_CFLAGS="$CFLAGS"
      CFLAGS="$opt $CFLAGS"
      AC_MSG_CHECKING([Checking for POSIX Threads with '$opt'])
-     AC_LINK_IFELSE(PTHREADTEST_SRC,
+     AC_LINK_IFELSE([PTHREADTEST_SRC],
 	[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
 		NO_PTHREADS=
 		PTHREAD_LIBS="$opt"
@@ -936,7 +942,7 @@
   old_CFLAGS="$CFLAGS"
   CFLAGS="$PTHREAD_CFLAGS $CFLAGS"
   AC_MSG_CHECKING([Checking for POSIX Threads with '$PTHREAD_CFLAGS'])
-  AC_LINK_IFELSE(PTHREADTEST_SRC,
+  AC_LINK_IFELSE([PTHREADTEST_SRC],
 	[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
 		NO_PTHREADS=
 		PTHREAD_LIBS="$PTHREAD_CFLAGS"
diff --git a/connect.c b/connect.c
index 57dc20c..2119c3f 100644
--- a/connect.c
+++ b/connect.c
@@ -395,26 +395,28 @@
 	return (git_proxy_command && *git_proxy_command);
 }
 
-static void git_proxy_connect(int fd[2], char *host)
+static struct child_process *git_proxy_connect(int fd[2], char *host)
 {
 	const char *port = STR(DEFAULT_GIT_PORT);
-	const char *argv[4];
-	struct child_process proxy;
+	const char **argv;
+	struct child_process *proxy;
 
 	get_host_and_port(&host, &port);
 
+	argv = xmalloc(sizeof(*argv) * 4);
 	argv[0] = git_proxy_command;
 	argv[1] = host;
 	argv[2] = port;
 	argv[3] = NULL;
-	memset(&proxy, 0, sizeof(proxy));
-	proxy.argv = argv;
-	proxy.in = -1;
-	proxy.out = -1;
-	if (start_command(&proxy))
+	proxy = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*proxy));
+	proxy->argv = argv;
+	proxy->in = -1;
+	proxy->out = -1;
+	if (start_command(proxy))
 		die("cannot start proxy %s", argv[0]);
-	fd[0] = proxy.out; /* read from proxy stdout */
-	fd[1] = proxy.in;  /* write to proxy stdin */
+	fd[0] = proxy->out; /* read from proxy stdout */
+	fd[1] = proxy->in;  /* write to proxy stdin */
+	return proxy;
 }
 
 #define MAX_CMD_LEN 1024
@@ -455,7 +457,7 @@
 	char *host, *path;
 	char *end;
 	int c;
-	struct child_process *conn;
+	struct child_process *conn = &no_fork;
 	enum protocol protocol = PROTO_LOCAL;
 	int free_path = 0;
 	char *port = NULL;
@@ -540,7 +542,7 @@
 		 */
 		char *target_host = xstrdup(host);
 		if (git_use_proxy(host))
-			git_proxy_connect(fd, host);
+			conn = git_proxy_connect(fd, host);
 		else
 			git_tcp_connect(fd, host, flags);
 		/*
@@ -558,7 +560,7 @@
 		free(url);
 		if (free_path)
 			free(path);
-		return &no_fork;
+		return conn;
 	}
 
 	conn = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*conn));
@@ -607,10 +609,15 @@
 	return conn;
 }
 
+int git_connection_is_socket(struct child_process *conn)
+{
+	return conn == &no_fork;
+}
+
 int finish_connect(struct child_process *conn)
 {
 	int code;
-	if (!conn || conn == &no_fork)
+	if (!conn || git_connection_is_socket(conn))
 		return 0;
 
 	code = finish_command(conn);
diff --git a/contrib/ciabot/ciabot.py b/contrib/ciabot/ciabot.py
index d0627e0..9775dff 100755
--- a/contrib/ciabot/ciabot.py
+++ b/contrib/ciabot/ciabot.py
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@
     branch = os.path.basename(refname)
 
     # Compute a shortnane for the revision
-    rev = do("git describe ${merged} 2>/dev/null") or merged[:12]
+    rev = do("git describe '"+ merged +"' 2>/dev/null") or merged[:12]
 
     # Extract the neta-information for the commit
     rawcommit = do("git cat-file commit " + merged)
diff --git a/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash b/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash
index 64341d5..a7d20df 100755
--- a/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash
+++ b/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash
@@ -246,6 +246,8 @@
 				fi
 			elif [ -f "$g/MERGE_HEAD" ]; then
 				r="|MERGING"
+			elif [ -f "$g/CHERRY_PICK_HEAD" ]; then
+				r="|CHERRY-PICKING"
 			elif [ -f "$g/BISECT_LOG" ]; then
 				r="|BISECTING"
 			fi
@@ -261,7 +263,7 @@
 				(describe)
 					git describe HEAD ;;
 				(* | default)
-					git describe --exact-match HEAD ;;
+					git describe --tags --exact-match HEAD ;;
 				esac 2>/dev/null)" ||
 
 				b="$(cut -c1-7 "$g/HEAD" 2>/dev/null)..." ||
@@ -327,11 +329,168 @@
 	done
 }
 
+# The following function is based on code from:
+#
+#   bash_completion - programmable completion functions for bash 3.2+
+#
+#   Copyright © 2006-2008, Ian Macdonald <ian@caliban.org>
+#             © 2009-2010, Bash Completion Maintainers
+#                     <bash-completion-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org>
+#
+#   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+#   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+#   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+#   any later version.
+#
+#   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+#   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+#   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+#   GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+#   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+#   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+#   Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
+#
+#   The latest version of this software can be obtained here:
+#
+#   http://bash-completion.alioth.debian.org/
+#
+#   RELEASE: 2.x
+
+# This function can be used to access a tokenized list of words
+# on the command line:
+#
+#	__git_reassemble_comp_words_by_ref '=:'
+#	if test "${words_[cword_-1]}" = -w
+#	then
+#		...
+#	fi
+#
+# The argument should be a collection of characters from the list of
+# word completion separators (COMP_WORDBREAKS) to treat as ordinary
+# characters.
+#
+# This is roughly equivalent to going back in time and setting
+# COMP_WORDBREAKS to exclude those characters.  The intent is to
+# make option types like --date=<type> and <rev>:<path> easy to
+# recognize by treating each shell word as a single token.
+#
+# It is best not to set COMP_WORDBREAKS directly because the value is
+# shared with other completion scripts.  By the time the completion
+# function gets called, COMP_WORDS has already been populated so local
+# changes to COMP_WORDBREAKS have no effect.
+#
+# Output: words_, cword_, cur_.
+
+__git_reassemble_comp_words_by_ref()
+{
+	local exclude i j first
+	# Which word separators to exclude?
+	exclude="${1//[^$COMP_WORDBREAKS]}"
+	cword_=$COMP_CWORD
+	if [ -z "$exclude" ]; then
+		words_=("${COMP_WORDS[@]}")
+		return
+	fi
+	# List of word completion separators has shrunk;
+	# re-assemble words to complete.
+	for ((i=0, j=0; i < ${#COMP_WORDS[@]}; i++, j++)); do
+		# Append each nonempty word consisting of just
+		# word separator characters to the current word.
+		first=t
+		while
+			[ $i -gt 0 ] &&
+			[ -n "${COMP_WORDS[$i]}" ] &&
+			# word consists of excluded word separators
+			[ "${COMP_WORDS[$i]//[^$exclude]}" = "${COMP_WORDS[$i]}" ]
+		do
+			# Attach to the previous token,
+			# unless the previous token is the command name.
+			if [ $j -ge 2 ] && [ -n "$first" ]; then
+				((j--))
+			fi
+			first=
+			words_[$j]=${words_[j]}${COMP_WORDS[i]}
+			if [ $i = $COMP_CWORD ]; then
+				cword_=$j
+			fi
+			if (($i < ${#COMP_WORDS[@]} - 1)); then
+				((i++))
+			else
+				# Done.
+				return
+			fi
+		done
+		words_[$j]=${words_[j]}${COMP_WORDS[i]}
+		if [ $i = $COMP_CWORD ]; then
+			cword_=$j
+		fi
+	done
+}
+
+if ! type _get_comp_words_by_ref >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+if [[ -z ${ZSH_VERSION:+set} ]]; then
+_get_comp_words_by_ref ()
+{
+	local exclude cur_ words_ cword_
+	if [ "$1" = "-n" ]; then
+		exclude=$2
+		shift 2
+	fi
+	__git_reassemble_comp_words_by_ref "$exclude"
+	cur_=${words_[cword_]}
+	while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
+		case "$1" in
+		cur)
+			cur=$cur_
+			;;
+		prev)
+			prev=${words_[$cword_-1]}
+			;;
+		words)
+			words=("${words_[@]}")
+			;;
+		cword)
+			cword=$cword_
+			;;
+		esac
+		shift
+	done
+}
+else
+_get_comp_words_by_ref ()
+{
+	while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
+		case "$1" in
+		cur)
+			cur=${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}
+			;;
+		prev)
+			prev=${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}
+			;;
+		words)
+			words=("${COMP_WORDS[@]}")
+			;;
+		cword)
+			cword=$COMP_CWORD
+			;;
+		-n)
+			# assume COMP_WORDBREAKS is already set sanely
+			shift
+			;;
+		esac
+		shift
+	done
+}
+fi
+fi
+
 # __gitcomp accepts 1, 2, 3, or 4 arguments
 # generates completion reply with compgen
 __gitcomp ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	if [ $# -gt 2 ]; then
 		cur="$3"
 	fi
@@ -386,16 +545,20 @@
 	done
 }
 
-# __git_refs accepts 0 or 1 arguments (to pass to __gitdir)
+# __git_refs accepts 0, 1 (to pass to __gitdir), or 2 arguments
+# presence of 2nd argument means use the guess heuristic employed
+# by checkout for tracking branches
 __git_refs ()
 {
-	local i is_hash=y dir="$(__gitdir "${1-}")"
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" format refs
+	local i is_hash=y dir="$(__gitdir "${1-}")" track="${2-}"
+	local cur format refs
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	if [ -d "$dir" ]; then
 		case "$cur" in
 		refs|refs/*)
 			format="refname"
 			refs="${cur%/*}"
+			track=""
 			;;
 		*)
 			for i in HEAD FETCH_HEAD ORIG_HEAD MERGE_HEAD; do
@@ -407,6 +570,21 @@
 		esac
 		git --git-dir="$dir" for-each-ref --format="%($format)" \
 			$refs
+		if [ -n "$track" ]; then
+			# employ the heuristic used by git checkout
+			# Try to find a remote branch that matches the completion word
+			# but only output if the branch name is unique
+			local ref entry
+			git --git-dir="$dir" for-each-ref --shell --format="ref=%(refname:short)" \
+				"refs/remotes/" | \
+			while read entry; do
+				eval "$entry"
+				ref="${ref#*/}"
+				if [[ "$ref" == "$cur"* ]]; then
+					echo "$ref"
+				fi
+			done | uniq -u
+		fi
 		return
 	fi
 	for i in $(git ls-remote "$dir" 2>/dev/null); do
@@ -486,10 +664,14 @@
 	: ${__git_merge_strategies:=$(__git_list_merge_strategies)}
 }
 
-__git_complete_file ()
+__git_complete_revlist_file ()
 {
-	local pfx ls ref cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local pfx ls ref cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
+	*..?*:*)
+		return
+		;;
 	?*:*)
 		ref="${cur%%:*}"
 		cur="${cur#*:}"
@@ -503,7 +685,7 @@
 		*)
 			ls="$ref"
 			;;
-	    esac
+		esac
 
 		case "$COMP_WORDBREAKS" in
 		*:*) : great ;;
@@ -528,16 +710,6 @@
 				       s/^.*	//')" \
 			-- "$cur"))
 		;;
-	*)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
-		;;
-	esac
-}
-
-__git_complete_revlist ()
-{
-	local pfx cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
-	case "$cur" in
 	*...*)
 		pfx="${cur%...*}..."
 		cur="${cur#*...}"
@@ -554,13 +726,25 @@
 	esac
 }
 
+
+__git_complete_file ()
+{
+	__git_complete_revlist_file
+}
+
+__git_complete_revlist ()
+{
+	__git_complete_revlist_file
+}
+
 __git_complete_remote_or_refspec ()
 {
-	local cmd="${COMP_WORDS[1]}"
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur words cword
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur words cword
+	local cmd="${words[1]}"
 	local i c=2 remote="" pfx="" lhs=1 no_complete_refspec=0
-	while [ $c -lt $COMP_CWORD ]; do
-		i="${COMP_WORDS[c]}"
+	while [ $c -lt $cword ]; do
+		i="${words[c]}"
 		case "$i" in
 		--mirror) [ "$cmd" = "push" ] && no_complete_refspec=1 ;;
 		--all)
@@ -628,13 +812,14 @@
 
 __git_complete_strategy ()
 {
+	local cur prev
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur prev
 	__git_compute_merge_strategies
-	case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}" in
+	case "$prev" in
 	-s|--strategy)
 		__gitcomp "$__git_merge_strategies"
 		return 0
 	esac
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
 	case "$cur" in
 	--strategy=*)
 		__gitcomp "$__git_merge_strategies" "" "${cur##--strategy=}"
@@ -717,7 +902,6 @@
 		quiltimport)      : import;;
 		read-tree)        : plumbing;;
 		receive-pack)     : plumbing;;
-		reflog)           : plumbing;;
 		remote-*)         : transport;;
 		repo-config)      : deprecated;;
 		rerere)           : plumbing;;
@@ -756,6 +940,19 @@
 	: ${__git_porcelain_commands:=$(__git_list_porcelain_commands)}
 }
 
+__git_pretty_aliases ()
+{
+	local i IFS=$'\n'
+	for i in $(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" config --get-regexp "pretty\..*" 2>/dev/null); do
+		case "$i" in
+		pretty.*)
+			i="${i#pretty.}"
+			echo "${i/ */}"
+			;;
+		esac
+	done
+}
+
 __git_aliases ()
 {
 	local i IFS=$'\n'
@@ -794,10 +991,10 @@
 # __git_find_on_cmdline requires 1 argument
 __git_find_on_cmdline ()
 {
-	local word subcommand c=1
-
-	while [ $c -lt $COMP_CWORD ]; do
-		word="${COMP_WORDS[c]}"
+	local word subcommand c=1 words cword
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: words cword
+	while [ $c -lt $cword ]; do
+		word="${words[c]}"
 		for subcommand in $1; do
 			if [ "$subcommand" = "$word" ]; then
 				echo "$subcommand"
@@ -810,9 +1007,10 @@
 
 __git_has_doubledash ()
 {
-	local c=1
-	while [ $c -lt $COMP_CWORD ]; do
-		if [ "--" = "${COMP_WORDS[c]}" ]; then
+	local c=1 words cword
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: words cword
+	while [ $c -lt $cword ]; do
+		if [ "--" = "${words[c]}" ]; then
 			return 0
 		fi
 		c=$((++c))
@@ -824,7 +1022,8 @@
 
 _git_am ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" dir="$(__gitdir)"
+	local cur dir="$(__gitdir)"
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	if [ -d "$dir"/rebase-apply ]; then
 		__gitcomp "--skip --continue --resolved --abort"
 		return
@@ -848,7 +1047,8 @@
 
 _git_apply ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--whitespace=*)
 		__gitcomp "$__git_whitespacelist" "" "${cur##--whitespace=}"
@@ -871,7 +1071,8 @@
 {
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
@@ -885,7 +1086,8 @@
 
 _git_archive ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--format=*)
 		__gitcomp "$(git archive --list)" "" "${cur##--format=}"
@@ -913,12 +1115,16 @@
 	local subcommands="start bad good skip reset visualize replay log run"
 	local subcommand="$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")"
 	if [ -z "$subcommand" ]; then
-		__gitcomp "$subcommands"
+		if [ -f "$(__gitdir)"/BISECT_START ]; then
+			__gitcomp "$subcommands"
+		else
+			__gitcomp "replay start"
+		fi
 		return
 	fi
 
 	case "$subcommand" in
-	bad|good|reset|skip)
+	bad|good|reset|skip|start)
 		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
 		;;
 	*)
@@ -929,10 +1135,11 @@
 
 _git_branch ()
 {
-	local i c=1 only_local_ref="n" has_r="n"
+	local i c=1 only_local_ref="n" has_r="n" cur words cword
 
-	while [ $c -lt $COMP_CWORD ]; do
-		i="${COMP_WORDS[c]}"
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur words cword
+	while [ $c -lt $cword ]; do
+		i="${words[c]}"
 		case "$i" in
 		-d|-m)	only_local_ref="y" ;;
 		-r)	has_r="y" ;;
@@ -940,7 +1147,7 @@
 		c=$((++c))
 	done
 
-	case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" in
+	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
 			--color --no-color --verbose --abbrev= --no-abbrev
@@ -960,8 +1167,10 @@
 
 _git_bundle ()
 {
-	local cmd="${COMP_WORDS[2]}"
-	case "$COMP_CWORD" in
+	local words cword
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: words cword
+	local cmd="${words[2]}"
+	case "$cword" in
 	2)
 		__gitcomp "create list-heads verify unbundle"
 		;;
@@ -982,7 +1191,8 @@
 {
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--conflict=*)
 		__gitcomp "diff3 merge" "" "${cur##--conflict=}"
@@ -994,7 +1204,13 @@
 			"
 		;;
 	*)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+		# check if --track, --no-track, or --no-guess was specified
+		# if so, disable DWIM mode
+		local flags="--track --no-track --no-guess" track=1
+		if [ -n "$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$flags")" ]; then
+			track=''
+		fi
+		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs '' $track)"
 		;;
 	esac
 }
@@ -1006,7 +1222,8 @@
 
 _git_cherry_pick ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "--edit --no-commit"
@@ -1021,7 +1238,8 @@
 {
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "--dry-run --quiet"
@@ -1033,7 +1251,8 @@
 
 _git_clone ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
@@ -1060,7 +1279,8 @@
 {
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--cleanup=*)
 		__gitcomp "default strip verbatim whitespace
@@ -1095,7 +1315,8 @@
 
 _git_describe ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
@@ -1127,7 +1348,8 @@
 {
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "--cached --staged --pickaxe-all --pickaxe-regex
@@ -1137,18 +1359,19 @@
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
-	__git_complete_file
+	__git_complete_revlist_file
 }
 
 __git_mergetools_common="diffuse ecmerge emerge kdiff3 meld opendiff
-			tkdiff vimdiff gvimdiff xxdiff araxis p4merge
+			tkdiff vimdiff gvimdiff xxdiff araxis p4merge bc3
 "
 
 _git_difftool ()
 {
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--tool=*)
 		__gitcomp "$__git_mergetools_common kompare" "" "${cur##--tool=}"
@@ -1173,7 +1396,8 @@
 
 _git_fetch ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "$__git_fetch_options"
@@ -1185,7 +1409,8 @@
 
 _git_format_patch ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--thread=*)
 		__gitcomp "
@@ -1217,7 +1442,8 @@
 
 _git_fsck ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
@@ -1232,7 +1458,8 @@
 
 _git_gc ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "--prune --aggressive"
@@ -1251,7 +1478,8 @@
 {
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
@@ -1274,7 +1502,8 @@
 
 _git_help ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "--all --info --man --web"
@@ -1282,7 +1511,7 @@
 		;;
 	esac
 	__git_compute_all_commands
-	__gitcomp "$__git_all_commands
+	__gitcomp "$__git_all_commands $(__git_aliases)
 		attributes cli core-tutorial cvs-migration
 		diffcore gitk glossary hooks ignore modules
 		repository-layout tutorial tutorial-2
@@ -1292,7 +1521,8 @@
 
 _git_init ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--shared=*)
 		__gitcomp "
@@ -1312,7 +1542,8 @@
 {
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "--cached --deleted --modified --others --ignored
@@ -1346,6 +1577,8 @@
 	--max-count=
 	--max-age= --since= --after=
 	--min-age= --until= --before=
+	--min-parents= --max-parents=
+	--no-min-parents --no-max-parents
 "
 # Options that go well for log and gitk (not shortlog)
 __git_log_gitk_options="
@@ -1366,20 +1599,21 @@
 {
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
 	local g="$(git rev-parse --git-dir 2>/dev/null)"
 	local merge=""
 	if [ -f "$g/MERGE_HEAD" ]; then
 		merge="--merge"
 	fi
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--pretty=*)
-		__gitcomp "$__git_log_pretty_formats
+		__gitcomp "$__git_log_pretty_formats $(__git_pretty_aliases)
 			" "" "${cur##--pretty=}"
 		return
 		;;
 	--format=*)
-		__gitcomp "$__git_log_pretty_formats
+		__gitcomp "$__git_log_pretty_formats $(__git_pretty_aliases)
 			" "" "${cur##--format=}"
 		return
 		;;
@@ -1425,7 +1659,8 @@
 {
 	__git_complete_strategy && return
 
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "$__git_merge_options"
@@ -1436,7 +1671,8 @@
 
 _git_mergetool ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--tool=*)
 		__gitcomp "$__git_mergetools_common tortoisemerge" "" "${cur##--tool=}"
@@ -1457,7 +1693,8 @@
 
 _git_mv ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "--dry-run"
@@ -1474,18 +1711,51 @@
 
 _git_notes ()
 {
-	local subcommands="edit show"
-	if [ -z "$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")" ]; then
-		__gitcomp "$subcommands"
-		return
-	fi
+	local subcommands='add append copy edit list prune remove show'
+	local subcommand="$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")"
+	local cur words cword
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur words cword
 
-	case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}" in
-	-m|-F)
-		COMPREPLY=()
+	case "$subcommand,$cur" in
+	,--*)
+		__gitcomp '--ref'
+		;;
+	,*)
+		case "${words[cword-1]}" in
+		--ref)
+			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+			;;
+		*)
+			__gitcomp "$subcommands --ref"
+			;;
+		esac
+		;;
+	add,--reuse-message=*|append,--reuse-message=*)
+		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "" "${cur##--reuse-message=}"
+		;;
+	add,--reedit-message=*|append,--reedit-message=*)
+		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "" "${cur##--reedit-message=}"
+		;;
+	add,--*|append,--*)
+		__gitcomp '--file= --message= --reedit-message=
+				--reuse-message='
+		;;
+	copy,--*)
+		__gitcomp '--stdin'
+		;;
+	prune,--*)
+		__gitcomp '--dry-run --verbose'
+		;;
+	prune,*)
 		;;
 	*)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+		case "${words[cword-1]}" in
+		-m|-F)
+			;;
+		*)
+			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+			;;
+		esac
 		;;
 	esac
 }
@@ -1494,7 +1764,8 @@
 {
 	__git_complete_strategy && return
 
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
@@ -1510,8 +1781,9 @@
 
 _git_push ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
-	case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}" in
+	local cur prev
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur prev
+	case "$prev" in
 	--repo)
 		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)"
 		return
@@ -1534,7 +1806,9 @@
 
 _git_rebase ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" dir="$(__gitdir)"
+	local dir="$(__gitdir)"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	if [ -d "$dir"/rebase-apply ] || [ -d "$dir"/rebase-merge ]; then
 		__gitcomp "--continue --skip --abort"
 		return
@@ -1559,12 +1833,25 @@
 	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
 }
 
+_git_reflog ()
+{
+	local subcommands="show delete expire"
+	local subcommand="$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")"
+
+	if [ -z "$subcommand" ]; then
+		__gitcomp "$subcommands"
+	else
+		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+	fi
+}
+
 __git_send_email_confirm_options="always never auto cc compose"
 __git_send_email_suppresscc_options="author self cc bodycc sob cccmd body all"
 
 _git_send_email ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--confirm=*)
 		__gitcomp "
@@ -1606,9 +1893,11 @@
 
 __git_config_get_set_variables ()
 {
-	local prevword word config_file= c=$COMP_CWORD
+	local words cword
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: words cword
+	local prevword word config_file= c=$cword
 	while [ $c -gt 1 ]; do
-		word="${COMP_WORDS[c]}"
+		word="${words[c]}"
 		case "$word" in
 		--global|--system|--file=*)
 			config_file="$word"
@@ -1636,9 +1925,9 @@
 
 _git_config ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
-	local prv="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}"
-	case "$prv" in
+	local cur prev
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur prev
+	case "$prev" in
 	branch.*.remote)
 		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)"
 		return
@@ -1648,13 +1937,13 @@
 		return
 		;;
 	remote.*.fetch)
-		local remote="${prv#remote.}"
+		local remote="${prev#remote.}"
 		remote="${remote%.fetch}"
 		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs_remotes "$remote")"
 		return
 		;;
 	remote.*.push)
-		local remote="${prv#remote.}"
+		local remote="${prev#remote.}"
 		remote="${remote%.push}"
 		__gitcomp "$(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" \
 			for-each-ref --format='%(refname):%(refname)' \
@@ -1791,30 +2080,50 @@
 		;;
 	esac
 	__gitcomp "
-		add.ignore-errors
+		add.ignoreErrors
+		advice.commitBeforeMerge
+		advice.detachedHead
+		advice.implicitIdentity
+		advice.pushNonFastForward
+		advice.resolveConflict
+		advice.statusHints
 		alias.
+		am.keepcr
 		apply.ignorewhitespace
 		apply.whitespace
 		branch.autosetupmerge
 		branch.autosetuprebase
+		browser.
 		clean.requireForce
 		color.branch
 		color.branch.current
 		color.branch.local
 		color.branch.plain
 		color.branch.remote
+		color.decorate.HEAD
+		color.decorate.branch
+		color.decorate.remoteBranch
+		color.decorate.stash
+		color.decorate.tag
 		color.diff
 		color.diff.commit
 		color.diff.frag
+		color.diff.func
 		color.diff.meta
 		color.diff.new
 		color.diff.old
 		color.diff.plain
 		color.diff.whitespace
 		color.grep
-		color.grep.external
+		color.grep.context
+		color.grep.filename
+		color.grep.function
+		color.grep.linenumber
 		color.grep.match
+		color.grep.selected
+		color.grep.separator
 		color.interactive
+		color.interactive.error
 		color.interactive.header
 		color.interactive.help
 		color.interactive.prompt
@@ -1828,21 +2137,29 @@
 		color.status.untracked
 		color.status.updated
 		color.ui
+		commit.status
 		commit.template
+		core.abbrevguard
+		core.askpass
+		core.attributesfile
 		core.autocrlf
 		core.bare
+		core.bigFileThreshold
 		core.compression
 		core.createObject
 		core.deltaBaseCacheLimit
 		core.editor
+		core.eol
 		core.excludesfile
 		core.fileMode
 		core.fsyncobjectfiles
 		core.gitProxy
 		core.ignoreCygwinFSTricks
 		core.ignoreStat
+		core.ignorecase
 		core.logAllRefUpdates
 		core.loosecompression
+		core.notesRef
 		core.packedGitLimit
 		core.packedGitWindowSize
 		core.pager
@@ -1852,6 +2169,7 @@
 		core.repositoryFormatVersion
 		core.safecrlf
 		core.sharedRepository
+		core.sparseCheckout
 		core.symlinks
 		core.trustctime
 		core.warnAmbiguousRefs
@@ -1859,15 +2177,17 @@
 		core.worktree
 		diff.autorefreshindex
 		diff.external
+		diff.ignoreSubmodules
 		diff.mnemonicprefix
+		diff.noprefix
 		diff.renameLimit
-		diff.renameLimit.
 		diff.renames
 		diff.suppressBlankEmpty
 		diff.tool
 		diff.wordRegex
 		difftool.
 		difftool.prompt
+		fetch.recurseSubmodules
 		fetch.unpackLimit
 		format.attach
 		format.cc
@@ -1879,6 +2199,8 @@
 		format.subjectprefix
 		format.suffix
 		format.thread
+		format.to
+		gc.
 		gc.aggressiveWindow
 		gc.auto
 		gc.autopacklimit
@@ -1916,15 +2238,20 @@
 		http.lowSpeedLimit
 		http.lowSpeedTime
 		http.maxRequests
+		http.minSessions
 		http.noEPSV
+		http.postBuffer
 		http.proxy
 		http.sslCAInfo
 		http.sslCAPath
 		http.sslCert
+		http.sslCertPasswordProtected
 		http.sslKey
 		http.sslVerify
+		http.useragent
 		i18n.commitEncoding
 		i18n.logOutputEncoding
+		imap.authMethod
 		imap.folder
 		imap.host
 		imap.pass
@@ -1933,6 +2260,7 @@
 		imap.sslverify
 		imap.tunnel
 		imap.user
+		init.templatedir
 		instaweb.browser
 		instaweb.httpd
 		instaweb.local
@@ -1940,19 +2268,29 @@
 		instaweb.port
 		interactive.singlekey
 		log.date
+		log.decorate
 		log.showroot
 		mailmap.file
 		man.
 		man.viewer
+		merge.
 		merge.conflictstyle
 		merge.log
 		merge.renameLimit
+		merge.renormalize
 		merge.stat
 		merge.tool
 		merge.verbosity
 		mergetool.
 		mergetool.keepBackup
+		mergetool.keepTemporaries
 		mergetool.prompt
+		notes.displayRef
+		notes.rewrite.
+		notes.rewrite.amend
+		notes.rewrite.rebase
+		notes.rewriteMode
+		notes.rewriteRef
 		pack.compression
 		pack.deltaCacheLimit
 		pack.deltaCacheSize
@@ -1963,31 +2301,42 @@
 		pack.window
 		pack.windowMemory
 		pager.
+		pretty.
 		pull.octopus
 		pull.twohead
 		push.default
+		rebase.autosquash
 		rebase.stat
+		receive.autogc
 		receive.denyCurrentBranch
+		receive.denyDeleteCurrent
 		receive.denyDeletes
 		receive.denyNonFastForwards
 		receive.fsckObjects
 		receive.unpackLimit
+		receive.updateserverinfo
+		remotes.
 		repack.usedeltabaseoffset
 		rerere.autoupdate
 		rerere.enabled
+		sendemail.
 		sendemail.aliasesfile
-		sendemail.aliasesfiletype
+		sendemail.aliasfiletype
 		sendemail.bcc
 		sendemail.cc
 		sendemail.cccmd
 		sendemail.chainreplyto
 		sendemail.confirm
 		sendemail.envelopesender
+		sendemail.from
+		sendemail.identity
 		sendemail.multiedit
 		sendemail.signedoffbycc
+		sendemail.smtpdomain
 		sendemail.smtpencryption
 		sendemail.smtppass
 		sendemail.smtpserver
+		sendemail.smtpserveroption
 		sendemail.smtpserverport
 		sendemail.smtpuser
 		sendemail.suppresscc
@@ -1998,6 +2347,8 @@
 		showbranch.default
 		status.relativePaths
 		status.showUntrackedFiles
+		status.submodulesummary
+		submodule.
 		tar.umask
 		transfer.unpackLimit
 		url.
@@ -2045,7 +2396,8 @@
 {
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "--merge --mixed --hard --soft --patch"
@@ -2057,7 +2409,8 @@
 
 _git_revert ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "--edit --mainline --no-edit --no-commit --signoff"
@@ -2071,7 +2424,8 @@
 {
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "--cached --dry-run --ignore-unmatch --quiet"
@@ -2085,7 +2439,8 @@
 {
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
@@ -2103,15 +2458,16 @@
 {
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--pretty=*)
-		__gitcomp "$__git_log_pretty_formats
+		__gitcomp "$__git_log_pretty_formats $(__git_pretty_aliases)
 			" "" "${cur##--pretty=}"
 		return
 		;;
 	--format=*)
-		__gitcomp "$__git_log_pretty_formats
+		__gitcomp "$__git_log_pretty_formats $(__git_pretty_aliases)
 			" "" "${cur##--format=}"
 		return
 		;;
@@ -2127,7 +2483,8 @@
 
 _git_show_branch ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
@@ -2144,7 +2501,8 @@
 
 _git_stash ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	local save_opts='--keep-index --no-keep-index --quiet --patch'
 	local subcommands='save list show apply clear drop pop create branch'
 	local subcommand="$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")"
@@ -2189,7 +2547,8 @@
 
 	local subcommands="add status init update summary foreach sync"
 	if [ -z "$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")" ]; then
-		local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+		local cur
+		_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 		case "$cur" in
 		--*)
 			__gitcomp "--quiet --cached"
@@ -2233,7 +2592,8 @@
 			--edit --rmdir --find-copies-harder --copy-similarity=
 			"
 
-		local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+		local cur
+		_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 		case "$subcommand,$cur" in
 		fetch,--*)
 			__gitcomp "--revision= --fetch-all $fc_opts"
@@ -2305,8 +2665,10 @@
 _git_tag ()
 {
 	local i c=1 f=0
-	while [ $c -lt $COMP_CWORD ]; do
-		i="${COMP_WORDS[c]}"
+	local words cword prev
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: words cword prev
+	while [ $c -lt $cword ]; do
+		i="${words[c]}"
 		case "$i" in
 		-d|-v)
 			__gitcomp "$(__git_tags)"
@@ -2319,7 +2681,7 @@
 		c=$((++c))
 	done
 
-	case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}" in
+	case "$prev" in
 	-m|-F)
 		COMPREPLY=()
 		;;
@@ -2345,13 +2707,19 @@
 {
 	local i c=1 command __git_dir
 
-	if [[ -n $ZSH_VERSION ]]; then
+	if [[ -n ${ZSH_VERSION-} ]]; then
 		emulate -L bash
 		setopt KSH_TYPESET
+
+		# workaround zsh's bug that leaves 'words' as a special
+		# variable in versions < 4.3.12
+		typeset -h words
 	fi
 
-	while [ $c -lt $COMP_CWORD ]; do
-		i="${COMP_WORDS[c]}"
+	local cur words cword
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur words cword
+	while [ $c -lt $cword ]; do
+		i="${words[c]}"
 		case "$i" in
 		--git-dir=*) __git_dir="${i#--git-dir=}" ;;
 		--bare)      __git_dir="." ;;
@@ -2363,7 +2731,7 @@
 	done
 
 	if [ -z "$command" ]; then
-		case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" in
+		case "$cur" in
 		--*)   __gitcomp "
 			--paginate
 			--no-pager
@@ -2394,19 +2762,24 @@
 
 _gitk ()
 {
-	if [[ -n $ZSH_VERSION ]]; then
+	if [[ -n ${ZSH_VERSION-} ]]; then
 		emulate -L bash
 		setopt KSH_TYPESET
+
+		# workaround zsh's bug that leaves 'words' as a special
+		# variable in versions < 4.3.12
+		typeset -h words
 	fi
 
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local cur
 	local g="$(__gitdir)"
 	local merge=""
 	if [ -f "$g/MERGE_HEAD" ]; then
 		merge="--merge"
 	fi
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
@@ -2434,7 +2807,7 @@
 	|| complete -o default -o nospace -F _git git.exe
 fi
 
-if [[ -n $ZSH_VERSION ]]; then
+if [[ -n ${ZSH_VERSION-} ]]; then
 	shopt () {
 		local option
 		if [ $# -ne 2 ]; then
diff --git a/contrib/emacs/git-blame.el b/contrib/emacs/git-blame.el
index 7f4c792..d351cfb 100644
--- a/contrib/emacs/git-blame.el
+++ b/contrib/emacs/git-blame.el
@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@
 ;;; Code:
 
 (eval-when-compile (require 'cl))			      ; to use `push', `pop'
+(require 'format-spec)
 
 (defface git-blame-prefix-face
   '((((background dark)) (:foreground "gray"
diff --git a/contrib/emacs/git.el b/contrib/emacs/git.el
index 214930a..65c95d9 100644
--- a/contrib/emacs/git.el
+++ b/contrib/emacs/git.el
@@ -1310,6 +1310,13 @@
       (when sign-off (git-append-sign-off committer-name committer-email)))
     buffer))
 
+(define-derived-mode git-log-edit-mode log-edit-mode "Git-Log-Edit"
+  "Major mode for editing git log messages.
+
+Set up git-specific `font-lock-keywords' for `log-edit-mode'."
+  (set (make-local-variable 'font-lock-defaults)
+       '(git-log-edit-font-lock-keywords t t)))
+
 (defun git-commit-file ()
   "Commit the marked file(s), asking for a commit message."
   (interactive)
@@ -1335,9 +1342,9 @@
         (git-setup-log-buffer buffer (git-get-merge-heads) author-name author-email subject date))
       (if (boundp 'log-edit-diff-function)
 	  (log-edit 'git-do-commit nil '((log-edit-listfun . git-log-edit-files)
-					 (log-edit-diff-function . git-log-edit-diff)) buffer)
-	(log-edit 'git-do-commit nil 'git-log-edit-files buffer))
-      (setq font-lock-keywords (font-lock-compile-keywords git-log-edit-font-lock-keywords))
+					 (log-edit-diff-function . git-log-edit-diff)) buffer 'git-log-edit-mode)
+	(log-edit 'git-do-commit nil 'git-log-edit-files buffer
+                  'git-log-edit-mode))
       (setq paragraph-separate (concat (regexp-quote git-log-msg-separator) "$\\|Author: \\|Date: \\|Merge: \\|Signed-off-by: \\|\f\\|[ 	]*$"))
       (setq buffer-file-coding-system coding-system)
       (re-search-forward (regexp-quote (concat git-log-msg-separator "\n")) nil t))))
diff --git a/contrib/examples/builtin-fetch--tool.c b/contrib/examples/builtin-fetch--tool.c
index cd10dbc..3140e40 100644
--- a/contrib/examples/builtin-fetch--tool.c
+++ b/contrib/examples/builtin-fetch--tool.c
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@
 		what = remote_name + 10;
 	}
 	else if (!strncmp(remote_name, "refs/remotes/", 13)) {
-		kind = "remote branch";
+		kind = "remote-tracking branch";
 		what = remote_name + 13;
 	}
 	else {
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-revert.sh b/contrib/examples/git-revert.sh
index 60a05a8..6bf155c 100755
--- a/contrib/examples/git-revert.sh
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-revert.sh
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 cd_to_toplevel
 
 no_commit=
+xopt=
 while case "$#" in 0) break ;; esac
 do
 	case "$1" in
@@ -44,6 +45,16 @@
 	-x|--i-really-want-to-expose-my-private-commit-object-name)
 		replay=
 		;;
+	-X?*)
+		xopt="$xopt$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "--${1#-X}")"
+		;;
+	--strategy-option=*)
+		xopt="$xopt$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "--${1#--strategy-option=}")"
+		;;
+	-X|--strategy-option)
+		shift
+		xopt="$xopt$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "--$1")"
+		;;
 	-*)
 		usage
 		;;
@@ -159,7 +170,7 @@
 # and $prev on top of us (when reverting), or the change between
 # $prev and $commit on top of us (when cherry-picking or replaying).
 
-git-merge-recursive $base -- $head $next &&
+eval "git merge-recursive $xopt $base -- $head $next" &&
 result=$(git-write-tree 2>/dev/null) || {
 	mv -f .msg "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_MSG"
 	{
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/git-p4 b/contrib/fast-import/git-p4
index c1ea643..78e5b3a 100755
--- a/contrib/fast-import/git-p4
+++ b/contrib/fast-import/git-p4
@@ -222,10 +222,10 @@
     try:
         while True:
             entry = marshal.load(p4.stdout)
-	    if cb is not None:
-		cb(entry)
-	    else:
-		result.append(entry)
+            if cb is not None:
+                cb(entry)
+            else:
+                result.append(entry)
     except EOFError:
         pass
     exitCode = p4.wait()
@@ -333,9 +333,13 @@
     return proc.wait() == 0;
 
 _gitConfig = {}
-def gitConfig(key):
+def gitConfig(key, args = None): # set args to "--bool", for instance
     if not _gitConfig.has_key(key):
-        _gitConfig[key] = read_pipe("git config %s" % key, ignore_error=True).strip()
+        argsFilter = ""
+        if args != None:
+            argsFilter = "%s " % args
+        cmd = "git config %s%s" % (argsFilter, key)
+        _gitConfig[key] = read_pipe(cmd, ignore_error=True).strip()
     return _gitConfig[key]
 
 def p4BranchesInGit(branchesAreInRemotes = True):
@@ -445,13 +449,26 @@
 
     changes = {}
     for line in output:
-	changeNum = int(line.split(" ")[1])
-	changes[changeNum] = True
+        changeNum = int(line.split(" ")[1])
+        changes[changeNum] = True
 
     changelist = changes.keys()
     changelist.sort()
     return changelist
 
+def p4PathStartsWith(path, prefix):
+    # This method tries to remedy a potential mixed-case issue:
+    #
+    # If UserA adds  //depot/DirA/file1
+    # and UserB adds //depot/dira/file2
+    #
+    # we may or may not have a problem. If you have core.ignorecase=true,
+    # we treat DirA and dira as the same directory
+    ignorecase = gitConfig("core.ignorecase", "--bool") == "true"
+    if ignorecase:
+        return path.lower().startswith(prefix.lower())
+    return path.startswith(prefix)
+
 class Command:
     def __init__(self):
         self.usage = "usage: %prog [options]"
@@ -543,13 +560,13 @@
         self.options = [
                 optparse.make_option("--verbose", dest="verbose", action="store_true"),
                 optparse.make_option("--origin", dest="origin"),
-                optparse.make_option("-M", dest="detectRename", action="store_true"),
+                optparse.make_option("-M", dest="detectRenames", action="store_true"),
         ]
         self.description = "Submit changes from git to the perforce depot."
         self.usage += " [name of git branch to submit into perforce depot]"
         self.interactive = True
         self.origin = ""
-        self.detectRename = False
+        self.detectRenames = False
         self.verbose = False
         self.isWindows = (platform.system() == "Windows")
 
@@ -570,7 +587,7 @@
                 continue
 
             if inDescriptionSection:
-                if line.startswith("Files:"):
+                if line.startswith("Files:") or line.startswith("Jobs:"):
                     inDescriptionSection = False
                 else:
                     continue
@@ -599,7 +616,7 @@
                     lastTab = path.rfind("\t")
                     if lastTab != -1:
                         path = path[:lastTab]
-                        if not path.startswith(self.depotPath):
+                        if not p4PathStartsWith(path, self.depotPath):
                             continue
                 else:
                     inFilesSection = False
@@ -613,7 +630,22 @@
 
     def applyCommit(self, id):
         print "Applying %s" % (read_pipe("git log --max-count=1 --pretty=oneline %s" % id))
-        diffOpts = ("", "-M")[self.detectRename]
+
+        if not self.detectRenames:
+            # If not explicitly set check the config variable
+            self.detectRenames = gitConfig("git-p4.detectRenames").lower() == "true"
+
+        if self.detectRenames:
+            diffOpts = "-M"
+        else:
+            diffOpts = ""
+
+        if gitConfig("git-p4.detectCopies").lower() == "true":
+            diffOpts += " -C"
+
+        if gitConfig("git-p4.detectCopiesHarder").lower() == "true":
+            diffOpts += " --find-copies-harder"
+
         diff = read_pipe_lines("git diff-tree -r %s \"%s^\" \"%s\"" % (diffOpts, id, id))
         filesToAdd = set()
         filesToDelete = set()
@@ -637,11 +669,23 @@
                 filesToDelete.add(path)
                 if path in filesToAdd:
                     filesToAdd.remove(path)
+            elif modifier == "C":
+                src, dest = diff['src'], diff['dst']
+                p4_system("integrate -Dt \"%s\" \"%s\"" % (src, dest))
+                if diff['src_sha1'] != diff['dst_sha1']:
+                    p4_system("edit \"%s\"" % (dest))
+                if isModeExecChanged(diff['src_mode'], diff['dst_mode']):
+                    p4_system("edit \"%s\"" % (dest))
+                    filesToChangeExecBit[dest] = diff['dst_mode']
+                os.unlink(dest)
+                editedFiles.add(dest)
             elif modifier == "R":
                 src, dest = diff['src'], diff['dst']
                 p4_system("integrate -Dt \"%s\" \"%s\"" % (src, dest))
-                p4_system("edit \"%s\"" % (dest))
+                if diff['src_sha1'] != diff['dst_sha1']:
+                    p4_system("edit \"%s\"" % (dest))
                 if isModeExecChanged(diff['src_mode'], diff['dst_mode']):
+                    p4_system("edit \"%s\"" % (dest))
                     filesToChangeExecBit[dest] = diff['dst_mode']
                 os.unlink(dest)
                 editedFiles.add(dest)
@@ -706,7 +750,9 @@
             submitTemplate = self.prepareLogMessage(template, logMessage)
             if os.environ.has_key("P4DIFF"):
                 del(os.environ["P4DIFF"])
-            diff = p4_read_pipe("diff -du ...")
+            diff = ""
+            for editedFile in editedFiles:
+                diff += p4_read_pipe("diff -du %r" % editedFile)
 
             newdiff = ""
             for newFile in filesToAdd:
@@ -832,6 +878,8 @@
         return True
 
 class P4Sync(Command):
+    delete_actions = ( "delete", "move/delete", "purge" )
+
     def __init__(self):
         Command.__init__(self)
         self.options = [
@@ -880,6 +928,23 @@
         if gitConfig("git-p4.syncFromOrigin") == "false":
             self.syncWithOrigin = False
 
+    #
+    # P4 wildcards are not allowed in filenames.  P4 complains
+    # if you simply add them, but you can force it with "-f", in
+    # which case it translates them into %xx encoding internally.
+    # Search for and fix just these four characters.  Do % last so
+    # that fixing it does not inadvertently create new %-escapes.
+    #
+    def wildcard_decode(self, path):
+        # Cannot have * in a filename in windows; untested as to
+        # what p4 would do in such a case.
+        if not self.isWindows:
+            path = path.replace("%2A", "*")
+        path = path.replace("%23", "#") \
+                   .replace("%40", "@") \
+                   .replace("%25", "%")
+        return path
+
     def extractFilesFromCommit(self, commit):
         self.cloneExclude = [re.sub(r"\.\.\.$", "", path)
                              for path in self.cloneExclude]
@@ -889,11 +954,11 @@
             path =  commit["depotFile%s" % fnum]
 
             if [p for p in self.cloneExclude
-                if path.startswith (p)]:
+                if p4PathStartsWith(path, p)]:
                 found = False
             else:
                 found = [p for p in self.depotPaths
-                         if path.startswith (p)]
+                         if p4PathStartsWith(path, p)]
             if not found:
                 fnum = fnum + 1
                 continue
@@ -908,11 +973,27 @@
         return files
 
     def stripRepoPath(self, path, prefixes):
+        if self.useClientSpec:
+
+            # if using the client spec, we use the output directory
+            # specified in the client.  For example, a view
+            #   //depot/foo/branch/... //client/branch/foo/...
+            # will end up putting all foo/branch files into
+            #  branch/foo/
+            for val in self.clientSpecDirs:
+                if path.startswith(val[0]):
+                    # replace the depot path with the client path
+                    path = path.replace(val[0], val[1][1])
+                    # now strip out the client (//client/...)
+                    path = re.sub("^(//[^/]+/)", '', path)
+                    # the rest is all path
+                    return path
+
         if self.keepRepoPath:
             prefixes = [re.sub("^(//[^/]+/).*", r'\1', prefixes[0])]
 
         for p in prefixes:
-            if path.startswith(p):
+            if p4PathStartsWith(path, p):
                 path = path[len(p):]
 
         return path
@@ -923,7 +1004,7 @@
         while commit.has_key("depotFile%s" % fnum):
             path =  commit["depotFile%s" % fnum]
             found = [p for p in self.depotPaths
-                     if path.startswith (p)]
+                     if p4PathStartsWith(path, p)]
             if not found:
                 fnum = fnum + 1
                 continue
@@ -952,12 +1033,13 @@
     # - helper for streamP4Files
 
     def streamOneP4File(self, file, contents):
-	if file["type"] == "apple":
-	    print "\nfile %s is a strange apple file that forks. Ignoring" % \
-		file['depotFile']
-	    return
+        if file["type"] == "apple":
+            print "\nfile %s is a strange apple file that forks. Ignoring" % \
+                file['depotFile']
+            return
 
         relPath = self.stripRepoPath(file['depotFile'], self.branchPrefixes)
+        relPath = self.wildcard_decode(relPath)
         if verbose:
             sys.stderr.write("%s\n" % relPath)
 
@@ -1003,22 +1085,22 @@
     # handle another chunk of streaming data
     def streamP4FilesCb(self, marshalled):
 
-	if marshalled.has_key('depotFile') and self.stream_have_file_info:
-	    # start of a new file - output the old one first
-	    self.streamOneP4File(self.stream_file, self.stream_contents)
-	    self.stream_file = {}
-	    self.stream_contents = []
-	    self.stream_have_file_info = False
+        if marshalled.has_key('depotFile') and self.stream_have_file_info:
+            # start of a new file - output the old one first
+            self.streamOneP4File(self.stream_file, self.stream_contents)
+            self.stream_file = {}
+            self.stream_contents = []
+            self.stream_have_file_info = False
 
-	# pick up the new file information... for the
-	# 'data' field we need to append to our array
-	for k in marshalled.keys():
-	    if k == 'data':
-		self.stream_contents.append(marshalled['data'])
-	    else:
-		self.stream_file[k] = marshalled[k]
+        # pick up the new file information... for the
+        # 'data' field we need to append to our array
+        for k in marshalled.keys():
+            if k == 'data':
+                self.stream_contents.append(marshalled['data'])
+            else:
+                self.stream_file[k] = marshalled[k]
 
-	self.stream_have_file_info = True
+        self.stream_have_file_info = True
 
     # Stream directly from "p4 files" into "git fast-import"
     def streamP4Files(self, files):
@@ -1030,16 +1112,16 @@
             includeFile = True
             for val in self.clientSpecDirs:
                 if f['path'].startswith(val[0]):
-                    if val[1] <= 0:
+                    if val[1][0] <= 0:
                         includeFile = False
                     break
 
             if includeFile:
                 filesForCommit.append(f)
-                if f['action'] not in ('delete', 'move/delete', 'purge'):
-                    filesToRead.append(f)
-                else:
+                if f['action'] in self.delete_actions:
                     filesToDelete.append(f)
+                else:
+                    filesToRead.append(f)
 
         # deleted files...
         for f in filesToDelete:
@@ -1050,14 +1132,14 @@
             self.stream_contents = []
             self.stream_have_file_info = False
 
-	    # curry self argument
-	    def streamP4FilesCbSelf(entry):
-		self.streamP4FilesCb(entry)
+            # curry self argument
+            def streamP4FilesCbSelf(entry):
+                self.streamP4FilesCb(entry)
 
-	    p4CmdList("-x - print",
-		'\n'.join(['%s#%s' % (f['path'], f['rev'])
+            p4CmdList("-x - print",
+                '\n'.join(['%s#%s' % (f['path'], f['rev'])
                                                   for f in filesToRead]),
-	        cb=streamP4FilesCbSelf)
+                cb=streamP4FilesCbSelf)
 
             # do the last chunk
             if self.stream_file.has_key('depotFile'):
@@ -1066,7 +1148,7 @@
     def commit(self, details, files, branch, branchPrefixes, parent = ""):
         epoch = details["time"]
         author = details["user"]
-	self.branchPrefixes = branchPrefixes
+        self.branchPrefixes = branchPrefixes
 
         if self.verbose:
             print "commit into %s" % branch
@@ -1075,10 +1157,10 @@
         # create a commit.
         new_files = []
         for f in files:
-            if [p for p in branchPrefixes if f['path'].startswith(p)]:
+            if [p for p in branchPrefixes if p4PathStartsWith(f['path'], p)]:
                 new_files.append (f)
             else:
-                sys.stderr.write("Ignoring file outside of prefix: %s\n" % path)
+                sys.stderr.write("Ignoring file outside of prefix: %s\n" % f['path'])
 
         self.gitStream.write("commit %s\n" % branch)
 #        gitStream.write("mark :%s\n" % details["change"])
@@ -1125,7 +1207,7 @@
 
                 cleanedFiles = {}
                 for info in files:
-                    if info["action"] in ("delete", "purge"):
+                    if info["action"] in self.delete_actions:
                         continue
                     cleanedFiles[info["depotFile"]] = info["rev"]
 
@@ -1171,7 +1253,7 @@
 
         s = ''
         for (key, val) in self.users.items():
-	    s += "%s\t%s\n" % (key.expandtabs(1), val.expandtabs(1))
+            s += "%s\t%s\n" % (key.expandtabs(1), val.expandtabs(1))
 
         open(self.getUserCacheFilename(), "wb").write(s)
         self.userMapFromPerforceServer = True
@@ -1239,7 +1321,7 @@
                 source = paths[0]
                 destination = paths[1]
                 ## HACK
-                if source.startswith(self.depotPaths[0]) and destination.startswith(self.depotPaths[0]):
+                if p4PathStartsWith(source, self.depotPaths[0]) and p4PathStartsWith(destination, self.depotPaths[0]):
                     source = source[len(self.depotPaths[0]):-4]
                     destination = destination[len(self.depotPaths[0]):-4]
 
@@ -1427,7 +1509,7 @@
         print "Doing initial import of %s from revision %s into %s" % (' '.join(self.depotPaths), revision, self.branch)
 
         details = { "user" : "git perforce import user", "time" : int(time.time()) }
-        details["desc"] = ("Initial import of %s from the state at revision %s"
+        details["desc"] = ("Initial import of %s from the state at revision %s\n"
                            % (' '.join(self.depotPaths), revision))
         details["change"] = revision
         newestRevision = 0
@@ -1438,9 +1520,16 @@
                                            % (p, revision)
                                            for p in self.depotPaths])):
 
-            if info['code'] == 'error':
+            if 'code' in info and info['code'] == 'error':
                 sys.stderr.write("p4 returned an error: %s\n"
                                  % info['data'])
+                if info['data'].find("must refer to client") >= 0:
+                    sys.stderr.write("This particular p4 error is misleading.\n")
+                    sys.stderr.write("Perhaps the depot path was misspelled.\n");
+                    sys.stderr.write("Depot path:  %s\n" % " ".join(self.depotPaths))
+                sys.exit(1)
+            if 'p4ExitCode' in info:
+                sys.stderr.write("p4 exitcode: %s\n" % info['p4ExitCode'])
                 sys.exit(1)
 
 
@@ -1448,7 +1537,7 @@
             if change > newestRevision:
                 newestRevision = change
 
-            if info["action"] in ("delete", "purge"):
+            if info["action"] in self.delete_actions:
                 # don't increase the file cnt, otherwise details["depotFile123"] will have gaps!
                 #fileCnt = fileCnt + 1
                 continue
@@ -1473,19 +1562,45 @@
         for entry in specList:
             for k,v in entry.iteritems():
                 if k.startswith("View"):
+
+                    # p4 has these %%1 to %%9 arguments in specs to
+                    # reorder paths; which we can't handle (yet :)
+                    if re.match('%%\d', v) != None:
+                        print "Sorry, can't handle %%n arguments in client specs"
+                        sys.exit(1)
+
                     if v.startswith('"'):
                         start = 1
                     else:
                         start = 0
                     index = v.find("...")
+
+                    # save the "client view"; i.e the RHS of the view
+                    # line that tells the client where to put the
+                    # files for this view.
+                    cv = v[index+3:].strip() # +3 to remove previous '...'
+
+                    # if the client view doesn't end with a
+                    # ... wildcard, then we're going to mess up the
+                    # output directory, so fail gracefully.
+                    if not cv.endswith('...'):
+                        print 'Sorry, client view in "%s" needs to end with wildcard' % (k)
+                        sys.exit(1)
+                    cv=cv[:-3]
+
+                    # now save the view; +index means included, -index
+                    # means it should be filtered out.
                     v = v[start:index]
                     if v.startswith("-"):
                         v = v[1:]
-                        temp[v] = -len(v)
+                        include = -len(v)
                     else:
-                        temp[v] = len(v)
+                        include = len(v)
+
+                    temp[v] = (include, cv)
+
         self.clientSpecDirs = temp.items()
-        self.clientSpecDirs.sort( lambda x, y: abs( y[1] ) - abs( x[1] ) )
+        self.clientSpecDirs.sort( lambda x, y: abs( y[1][0] ) - abs( x[1][0] ) )
 
     def run(self, args):
         self.depotPaths = []
@@ -1665,6 +1780,10 @@
 
                 changes.sort()
             else:
+                # catch "git-p4 sync" with no new branches, in a repo that
+                # does not have any existing git-p4 branches
+                if len(args) == 0 and not self.p4BranchesInGit:
+                    die("No remote p4 branches.  Perhaps you never did \"git p4 clone\" in here.");
                 if self.verbose:
                     print "Getting p4 changes for %s...%s" % (', '.join(self.depotPaths),
                                                               self.changeRange)
@@ -1745,10 +1864,13 @@
                                  help="where to leave result of the clone"),
             optparse.make_option("-/", dest="cloneExclude",
                                  action="append", type="string",
-                                 help="exclude depot path")
+                                 help="exclude depot path"),
+            optparse.make_option("--bare", dest="cloneBare",
+                                 action="store_true", default=False),
         ]
         self.cloneDestination = None
         self.needsGit = False
+        self.cloneBare = False
 
     # This is required for the "append" cloneExclude action
     def ensure_value(self, attr, value):
@@ -1788,11 +1910,16 @@
             self.cloneDestination = self.defaultDestination(args)
 
         print "Importing from %s into %s" % (', '.join(depotPaths), self.cloneDestination)
+
         if not os.path.exists(self.cloneDestination):
             os.makedirs(self.cloneDestination)
         chdir(self.cloneDestination)
-        system("git init")
-        self.gitdir = os.getcwd() + "/.git"
+
+        init_cmd = [ "git", "init" ]
+        if self.cloneBare:
+            init_cmd.append("--bare")
+        subprocess.check_call(init_cmd)
+
         if not P4Sync.run(self, depotPaths):
             return False
         if self.branch != "master":
@@ -1802,7 +1929,8 @@
                 masterbranch = "refs/heads/p4/master"
             if gitBranchExists(masterbranch):
                 system("git branch master %s" % masterbranch)
-                system("git checkout -f")
+                if not self.cloneBare:
+                    system("git checkout -f")
             else:
                 print "Could not detect main branch. No checkout/master branch created."
 
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/git-p4.txt b/contrib/fast-import/git-p4.txt
index 49b3359..e09da44 100644
--- a/contrib/fast-import/git-p4.txt
+++ b/contrib/fast-import/git-p4.txt
@@ -191,6 +191,11 @@
 
   git config [--global] git-p4.useclientspec false
 
+The P4CLIENT environment variable should be correctly set for p4 to be
+able to find the relevant client.  This client spec will be used to
+both filter the files cloned by git and set the directory layout as
+specified in the client (this implies --keep-path style semantics).
+
 Implementation Details...
 =========================
 
diff --git a/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email b/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email
index 85724bf..21989fc 100755
--- a/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email
+++ b/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email
@@ -144,13 +144,13 @@
 			short_refname=${refname##refs/remotes/}
 			echo >&2 "*** Push-update of tracking branch, $refname"
 			echo >&2 "***  - no email generated."
-			exit 0
+			return 1
 			;;
 		*)
 			# Anything else (is there anything else?)
 			echo >&2 "*** Unknown type of update to $refname ($rev_type)"
 			echo >&2 "***  - no email generated"
-			return 0
+			return 1
 			;;
 	esac
 
@@ -166,10 +166,10 @@
 		esac
 		echo >&2 "*** $config_name is not set so no email will be sent"
 		echo >&2 "*** for $refname update $oldrev->$newrev"
-		return 0
+		return 1
 	fi
 
-	return 1
+	return 0
 }
 
 #
@@ -709,7 +709,7 @@
 	exit 1
 fi
 
-projectdesc=$(sed -ne '1p' "$GIT_DIR/description")
+projectdesc=$(sed -ne '1p' "$GIT_DIR/description" 2>/dev/null)
 # Check if the description is unchanged from it's default, and shorten it to
 # a more manageable length if it is
 if expr "$projectdesc" : "Unnamed repository.*$" >/dev/null
diff --git a/contrib/svn-fe/svn-fe.c b/contrib/svn-fe/svn-fe.c
index a2677b0..35db24f 100644
--- a/contrib/svn-fe/svn-fe.c
+++ b/contrib/svn-fe/svn-fe.c
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
-	svndump_init(NULL);
+	if (svndump_init(NULL))
+		return 1;
 	svndump_read((argc > 1) ? argv[1] : NULL);
 	svndump_deinit();
 	svndump_reset();
diff --git a/contrib/svn-fe/svn-fe.txt b/contrib/svn-fe/svn-fe.txt
index 35f84bd..cd075b9 100644
--- a/contrib/svn-fe/svn-fe.txt
+++ b/contrib/svn-fe/svn-fe.txt
@@ -18,6 +18,9 @@
 repositories can be mirrored on local disk using the `svnsync`
 command.
 
+Note: this tool is very young.  The details of its commandline
+interface may change in backward incompatible ways.
+
 INPUT FORMAT
 ------------
 Subversion's repository dump format is documented in full in
diff --git a/contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline/appp.sh b/contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline/appp.sh
index cc518f3..5eb4a51 100755
--- a/contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline/appp.sh
+++ b/contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline/appp.sh
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-#!/bin/bash
+#!/bin/sh
 # Copyright 2008 Lukas Sandström <luksan@gmail.com>
 #
 # AppendPatch - A script to be used together with ExternalEditor
-# for Mozilla Thunderbird to properly include pathes inline i e-mails.
+# for Mozilla Thunderbird to properly include patches inline in e-mails.
 
 # ExternalEditor can be downloaded at http://globs.org/articles.php?lng=en&pg=2
 
diff --git a/convert.c b/convert.c
index 01de9a8..7eb51b1 100644
--- a/convert.c
+++ b/convert.c
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "attr.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "quote.h"
 
 /*
  * convert.c - convert a file when checking it out and checking it in.
@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@
 	CRLF_TEXT,
 	CRLF_INPUT,
 	CRLF_CRLF,
-	CRLF_AUTO,
+	CRLF_AUTO
 };
 
 struct text_stat {
@@ -318,6 +319,7 @@
 	const char *src;
 	unsigned long size;
 	const char *cmd;
+	const char *path;
 };
 
 static int filter_buffer(int in, int out, void *data)
@@ -330,7 +332,23 @@
 	int write_err, status;
 	const char *argv[] = { NULL, NULL };
 
-	argv[0] = params->cmd;
+	/* apply % substitution to cmd */
+	struct strbuf cmd = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf_expand_dict_entry dict[] = {
+		{ "f", NULL, },
+		{ NULL, NULL, },
+	};
+
+	/* quote the path to preserve spaces, etc. */
+	sq_quote_buf(&path, params->path);
+	dict[0].value = path.buf;
+
+	/* expand all %f with the quoted path */
+	strbuf_expand(&cmd, params->cmd, strbuf_expand_dict_cb, &dict);
+	strbuf_release(&path);
+
+	argv[0] = cmd.buf;
 
 	memset(&child_process, 0, sizeof(child_process));
 	child_process.argv = argv;
@@ -350,6 +368,8 @@
 	status = finish_command(&child_process);
 	if (status)
 		error("external filter %s failed %d", params->cmd, status);
+
+	strbuf_release(&cmd);
 	return (write_err || status);
 }
 
@@ -377,6 +397,7 @@
 	params.src = src;
 	params.size = len;
 	params.cmd = cmd;
+	params.path = path;
 
 	fflush(NULL);
 	if (start_async(&async))
diff --git a/csum-file.c b/csum-file.c
index 4d50cc5..be49d5f 100644
--- a/csum-file.c
+++ b/csum-file.c
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@
 
 void crc32_begin(struct sha1file *f)
 {
-	f->crc32 = crc32(0, Z_NULL, 0);
+	f->crc32 = crc32(0, NULL, 0);
 	f->do_crc = 1;
 }
 
diff --git a/daemon.c b/daemon.c
index 7ccd097..4c8346d 100644
--- a/daemon.c
+++ b/daemon.c
@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 
-#include <syslog.h>
-
 #ifndef HOST_NAME_MAX
 #define HOST_NAME_MAX 256
 #endif
@@ -15,6 +13,10 @@
 #define NI_MAXSERV 32
 #endif
 
+#ifdef NO_INITGROUPS
+#define initgroups(x, y) (0) /* nothing */
+#endif
+
 static int log_syslog;
 static int verbose;
 static int reuseaddr;
@@ -25,10 +27,10 @@
 "           [--strict-paths] [--base-path=<path>] [--base-path-relaxed]\n"
 "           [--user-path | --user-path=<path>]\n"
 "           [--interpolated-path=<path>]\n"
-"           [--reuseaddr] [--detach] [--pid-file=<file>]\n"
+"           [--reuseaddr] [--pid-file=<file>]\n"
 "           [--(enable|disable|allow-override|forbid-override)=<service>]\n"
 "           [--inetd | [--listen=<host_or_ipaddr>] [--port=<n>]\n"
-"                      [--user=<user> [--group=<group>]]\n"
+"                      [--detach] [--user=<user> [--group=<group>]]\n"
 "           [<directory>...]";
 
 /* List of acceptable pathname prefixes */
@@ -69,12 +71,14 @@
 		syslog(priority, "%s", buf);
 	} else {
 		/*
-		 * Since stderr is set to linebuffered mode, the
+		 * Since stderr is set to buffered mode, the
 		 * logging of different processes will not overlap
+		 * unless they overflow the (rather big) buffers.
 		 */
 		fprintf(stderr, "[%"PRIuMAX"] ", (uintmax_t)getpid());
 		vfprintf(stderr, err, params);
 		fputc('\n', stderr);
+		fflush(stderr);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -516,37 +520,14 @@
 }
 
 
-static int execute(struct sockaddr *addr)
+static int execute(void)
 {
 	static char line[1000];
 	int pktlen, len, i;
+	char *addr = getenv("REMOTE_ADDR"), *port = getenv("REMOTE_PORT");
 
-	if (addr) {
-		char addrbuf[256] = "";
-		int port = -1;
-
-		if (addr->sa_family == AF_INET) {
-			struct sockaddr_in *sin_addr = (void *) addr;
-			inet_ntop(addr->sa_family, &sin_addr->sin_addr, addrbuf, sizeof(addrbuf));
-			port = ntohs(sin_addr->sin_port);
-#ifndef NO_IPV6
-		} else if (addr && addr->sa_family == AF_INET6) {
-			struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6_addr = (void *) addr;
-
-			char *buf = addrbuf;
-			*buf++ = '['; *buf = '\0'; /* stpcpy() is cool */
-			inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &sin6_addr->sin6_addr, buf, sizeof(addrbuf) - 1);
-			strcat(buf, "]");
-
-			port = ntohs(sin6_addr->sin6_port);
-#endif
-		}
-		loginfo("Connection from %s:%d", addrbuf, port);
-		setenv("REMOTE_ADDR", addrbuf, 1);
-	}
-	else {
-		unsetenv("REMOTE_ADDR");
-	}
+	if (addr)
+		loginfo("Connection from %s:%s", addr, port);
 
 	alarm(init_timeout ? init_timeout : timeout);
 	pktlen = packet_read_line(0, line, sizeof(line));
@@ -616,17 +597,17 @@
 
 static struct child {
 	struct child *next;
-	pid_t pid;
+	struct child_process cld;
 	struct sockaddr_storage address;
 } *firstborn;
 
-static void add_child(pid_t pid, struct sockaddr *addr, int addrlen)
+static void add_child(struct child_process *cld, struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t addrlen)
 {
 	struct child *newborn, **cradle;
 
 	newborn = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*newborn));
 	live_children++;
-	newborn->pid = pid;
+	memcpy(&newborn->cld, cld, sizeof(*cld));
 	memcpy(&newborn->address, addr, addrlen);
 	for (cradle = &firstborn; *cradle; cradle = &(*cradle)->next)
 		if (!addrcmp(&(*cradle)->address, &newborn->address))
@@ -635,19 +616,6 @@
 	*cradle = newborn;
 }
 
-static void remove_child(pid_t pid)
-{
-	struct child **cradle, *blanket;
-
-	for (cradle = &firstborn; (blanket = *cradle); cradle = &blanket->next)
-		if (blanket->pid == pid) {
-			*cradle = blanket->next;
-			live_children--;
-			free(blanket);
-			break;
-		}
-}
-
 /*
  * This gets called if the number of connections grows
  * past "max_connections".
@@ -663,7 +631,7 @@
 
 	for (; (next = blanket->next); blanket = next)
 		if (!addrcmp(&blanket->address, &next->address)) {
-			kill(blanket->pid, SIGTERM);
+			kill(blanket->cld.pid, SIGTERM);
 			break;
 		}
 }
@@ -673,18 +641,28 @@
 	int status;
 	pid_t pid;
 
-	while ((pid = waitpid(-1, &status, WNOHANG)) > 0) {
-		const char *dead = "";
-		remove_child(pid);
-		if (!WIFEXITED(status) || (WEXITSTATUS(status) > 0))
-			dead = " (with error)";
-		loginfo("[%"PRIuMAX"] Disconnected%s", (uintmax_t)pid, dead);
-	}
+	struct child **cradle, *blanket;
+	for (cradle = &firstborn; (blanket = *cradle);)
+		if ((pid = waitpid(blanket->cld.pid, &status, WNOHANG)) > 1) {
+			const char *dead = "";
+			if (status)
+				dead = " (with error)";
+			loginfo("[%"PRIuMAX"] Disconnected%s", (uintmax_t)pid, dead);
+
+			/* remove the child */
+			*cradle = blanket->next;
+			live_children--;
+			free(blanket);
+		} else
+			cradle = &blanket->next;
 }
 
-static void handle(int incoming, struct sockaddr *addr, int addrlen)
+static char **cld_argv;
+static void handle(int incoming, struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t addrlen)
 {
-	pid_t pid;
+	struct child_process cld = { NULL };
+	char addrbuf[300] = "REMOTE_ADDR=", portbuf[300];
+	char *env[] = { addrbuf, portbuf, NULL };
 
 	if (max_connections && live_children >= max_connections) {
 		kill_some_child();
@@ -697,22 +675,37 @@
 		}
 	}
 
-	if ((pid = fork())) {
-		close(incoming);
-		if (pid < 0) {
-			logerror("Couldn't fork %s", strerror(errno));
-			return;
-		}
+	if (addr->sa_family == AF_INET) {
+		struct sockaddr_in *sin_addr = (void *) addr;
+		inet_ntop(addr->sa_family, &sin_addr->sin_addr, addrbuf + 12,
+		    sizeof(addrbuf) - 12);
+		snprintf(portbuf, sizeof(portbuf), "REMOTE_PORT=%d",
+		    ntohs(sin_addr->sin_port));
+#ifndef NO_IPV6
+	} else if (addr && addr->sa_family == AF_INET6) {
+		struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6_addr = (void *) addr;
 
-		add_child(pid, addr, addrlen);
-		return;
+		char *buf = addrbuf + 12;
+		*buf++ = '['; *buf = '\0'; /* stpcpy() is cool */
+		inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &sin6_addr->sin6_addr, buf,
+		    sizeof(addrbuf) - 13);
+		strcat(buf, "]");
+
+		snprintf(portbuf, sizeof(portbuf), "REMOTE_PORT=%d",
+		    ntohs(sin6_addr->sin6_port));
+#endif
 	}
 
-	dup2(incoming, 0);
-	dup2(incoming, 1);
-	close(incoming);
+	cld.env = (const char **)env;
+	cld.argv = (const char **)cld_argv;
+	cld.in = incoming;
+	cld.out = dup(incoming);
 
-	exit(execute(addr));
+	if (start_command(&cld))
+		logerror("unable to fork");
+	else
+		add_child(&cld, addr, addrlen);
+	close(incoming);
 }
 
 static void child_handler(int signo)
@@ -914,9 +907,15 @@
 
 		for (i = 0; i < socklist->nr; i++) {
 			if (pfd[i].revents & POLLIN) {
-				struct sockaddr_storage ss;
-				unsigned int sslen = sizeof(ss);
-				int incoming = accept(pfd[i].fd, (struct sockaddr *)&ss, &sslen);
+				union {
+					struct sockaddr sa;
+					struct sockaddr_in sai;
+#ifndef NO_IPV6
+					struct sockaddr_in6 sai6;
+#endif
+				} ss;
+				socklen_t sslen = sizeof(ss);
+				int incoming = accept(pfd[i].fd, &ss.sa, &sslen);
 				if (incoming < 0) {
 					switch (errno) {
 					case EAGAIN:
@@ -927,7 +926,7 @@
 						die_errno("accept returned");
 					}
 				}
-				handle(incoming, (struct sockaddr *)&ss, sslen);
+				handle(incoming, &ss.sa, sslen);
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -945,6 +944,62 @@
 		close(fd);
 }
 
+#ifdef NO_POSIX_GOODIES
+
+struct credentials;
+
+static void drop_privileges(struct credentials *cred)
+{
+	/* nothing */
+}
+
+static void daemonize(void)
+{
+	die("--detach not supported on this platform");
+}
+
+static struct credentials *prepare_credentials(const char *user_name,
+    const char *group_name)
+{
+	die("--user not supported on this platform");
+}
+
+#else
+
+struct credentials {
+	struct passwd *pass;
+	gid_t gid;
+};
+
+static void drop_privileges(struct credentials *cred)
+{
+	if (cred && (initgroups(cred->pass->pw_name, cred->gid) ||
+	    setgid (cred->gid) || setuid(cred->pass->pw_uid)))
+		die("cannot drop privileges");
+}
+
+static struct credentials *prepare_credentials(const char *user_name,
+    const char *group_name)
+{
+	static struct credentials c;
+
+	c.pass = getpwnam(user_name);
+	if (!c.pass)
+		die("user not found - %s", user_name);
+
+	if (!group_name)
+		c.gid = c.pass->pw_gid;
+	else {
+		struct group *group = getgrnam(group_name);
+		if (!group)
+			die("group not found - %s", group_name);
+
+		c.gid = group->gr_gid;
+	}
+
+	return &c;
+}
+
 static void daemonize(void)
 {
 	switch (fork()) {
@@ -962,6 +1017,7 @@
 	close(2);
 	sanitize_stdfds();
 }
+#endif
 
 static void store_pid(const char *path)
 {
@@ -972,7 +1028,8 @@
 		die_errno("failed to write pid file '%s'", path);
 }
 
-static int serve(struct string_list *listen_addr, int listen_port, struct passwd *pass, gid_t gid)
+static int serve(struct string_list *listen_addr, int listen_port,
+    struct credentials *cred)
 {
 	struct socketlist socklist = { NULL, 0, 0 };
 
@@ -981,10 +1038,7 @@
 		die("unable to allocate any listen sockets on port %u",
 		    listen_port);
 
-	if (pass && gid &&
-	    (initgroups(pass->pw_name, gid) || setgid (gid) ||
-	     setuid(pass->pw_uid)))
-		die("cannot drop privileges");
+	drop_privileges(cred);
 
 	return service_loop(&socklist);
 }
@@ -993,12 +1047,10 @@
 {
 	int listen_port = 0;
 	struct string_list listen_addr = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
-	int inetd_mode = 0;
+	int serve_mode = 0, inetd_mode = 0;
 	const char *pid_file = NULL, *user_name = NULL, *group_name = NULL;
 	int detach = 0;
-	struct passwd *pass = NULL;
-	struct group *group;
-	gid_t gid = 0;
+	struct credentials *cred = NULL;
 	int i;
 
 	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
@@ -1019,6 +1071,10 @@
 				continue;
 			}
 		}
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--serve")) {
+			serve_mode = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--inetd")) {
 			inetd_mode = 1;
 			log_syslog = 1;
@@ -1127,10 +1183,10 @@
 		set_die_routine(daemon_die);
 	} else
 		/* avoid splitting a message in the middle */
-		setvbuf(stderr, NULL, _IOLBF, 0);
+		setvbuf(stderr, NULL, _IOFBF, 4096);
 
-	if (inetd_mode && (group_name || user_name))
-		die("--user and --group are incompatible with --inetd");
+	if (inetd_mode && (detach || group_name || user_name))
+		die("--detach, --user and --group are incompatible with --inetd");
 
 	if (inetd_mode && (listen_port || (listen_addr.nr > 0)))
 		die("--listen= and --port= are incompatible with --inetd");
@@ -1140,21 +1196,8 @@
 	if (group_name && !user_name)
 		die("--group supplied without --user");
 
-	if (user_name) {
-		pass = getpwnam(user_name);
-		if (!pass)
-			die("user not found - %s", user_name);
-
-		if (!group_name)
-			gid = pass->pw_gid;
-		else {
-			group = getgrnam(group_name);
-			if (!group)
-				die("group not found - %s", group_name);
-
-			gid = group->gr_gid;
-		}
-	}
+	if (user_name)
+		cred = prepare_credentials(user_name, group_name);
 
 	if (strict_paths && (!ok_paths || !*ok_paths))
 		die("option --strict-paths requires a whitelist");
@@ -1164,19 +1207,13 @@
 		    base_path);
 
 	if (inetd_mode) {
-		struct sockaddr_storage ss;
-		struct sockaddr *peer = (struct sockaddr *)&ss;
-		socklen_t slen = sizeof(ss);
-
 		if (!freopen("/dev/null", "w", stderr))
 			die_errno("failed to redirect stderr to /dev/null");
-
-		if (getpeername(0, peer, &slen))
-			peer = NULL;
-
-		return execute(peer);
 	}
 
+	if (inetd_mode || serve_mode)
+		return execute();
+
 	if (detach) {
 		daemonize();
 		loginfo("Ready to rumble");
@@ -1187,5 +1224,13 @@
 	if (pid_file)
 		store_pid(pid_file);
 
-	return serve(&listen_addr, listen_port, pass, gid);
+	/* prepare argv for serving-processes */
+	cld_argv = xmalloc(sizeof (char *) * (argc + 2));
+	cld_argv[0] = argv[0];	/* git-daemon */
+	cld_argv[1] = "--serve";
+	for (i = 1; i < argc; ++i)
+		cld_argv[i+1] = argv[i];
+	cld_argv[argc+1] = NULL;
+
+	return serve(&listen_addr, listen_port, cred);
 }
diff --git a/date.c b/date.c
index 00f9eb5..896fbb4 100644
--- a/date.c
+++ b/date.c
@@ -129,8 +129,9 @@
 	}
 	/* Give years and months for 5 years or so */
 	if (diff < 1825) {
-		unsigned long years = diff / 365;
-		unsigned long months = (diff % 365 + 15) / 30;
+		unsigned long totalmonths = (diff * 12 * 2 + 365) / (365 * 2);
+		unsigned long years = totalmonths / 12;
+		unsigned long months = totalmonths % 12;
 		int n;
 		n = snprintf(timebuf, timebuf_size, "%lu year%s",
 				years, (years > 1 ? "s" : ""));
diff --git a/diff-lib.c b/diff-lib.c
index 392ce2b..3b5f224 100644
--- a/diff-lib.c
+++ b/diff-lib.c
@@ -103,14 +103,17 @@
 		unsigned dirty_submodule = 0;
 
 		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs->diffopt, QUICK) &&
-			DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs->diffopt, HAS_CHANGES))
+		    !revs->diffopt.filter &&
+		    DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs->diffopt, HAS_CHANGES))
 			break;
 
-		if (!ce_path_match(ce, revs->prune_data))
+		if (!ce_path_match(ce, &revs->prune_data))
 			continue;
 
 		if (ce_stage(ce)) {
 			struct combine_diff_path *dpath;
+			struct diff_filepair *pair;
+			unsigned int wt_mode = 0;
 			int num_compare_stages = 0;
 			size_t path_len;
 
@@ -129,7 +132,7 @@
 
 			changed = check_removed(ce, &st);
 			if (!changed)
-				dpath->mode = ce_mode_from_stat(ce, st.st_mode);
+				wt_mode = ce_mode_from_stat(ce, st.st_mode);
 			else {
 				if (changed < 0) {
 					perror(ce->name);
@@ -137,7 +140,9 @@
 				}
 				if (silent_on_removed)
 					continue;
+				wt_mode = 0;
 			}
+			dpath->mode = wt_mode;
 
 			while (i < entries) {
 				struct cache_entry *nce = active_cache[i];
@@ -183,7 +188,9 @@
 			 * Show the diff for the 'ce' if we found the one
 			 * from the desired stage.
 			 */
-			diff_unmerge(&revs->diffopt, ce->name, 0, null_sha1);
+			pair = diff_unmerge(&revs->diffopt, ce->name);
+			if (wt_mode)
+				pair->two->mode = wt_mode;
 			if (ce_stage(ce) != diff_unmerged_stage)
 				continue;
 		}
@@ -372,8 +379,9 @@
 	match_missing = !revs->ignore_merges;
 
 	if (cached && idx && ce_stage(idx)) {
-		diff_unmerge(&revs->diffopt, idx->name, idx->ce_mode,
-			     idx->sha1);
+		struct diff_filepair *pair;
+		pair = diff_unmerge(&revs->diffopt, idx->name);
+		fill_filespec(pair->one, idx->sha1, idx->ce_mode);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -427,7 +435,7 @@
 	if (tree == o->df_conflict_entry)
 		tree = NULL;
 
-	if (ce_path_match(idx ? idx : tree, revs->prune_data))
+	if (ce_path_match(idx ? idx : tree, &revs->prune_data))
 		do_oneway_diff(o, idx, tree);
 
 	return 0;
@@ -501,7 +509,7 @@
 	active_nr = dst - active_cache;
 
 	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
-	revs.prune_data = opt->paths;
+	init_pathspec(&revs.prune_data, opt->pathspec.raw);
 	tree = parse_tree_indirect(tree_sha1);
 	if (!tree)
 		die("bad tree object %s", sha1_to_hex(tree_sha1));
diff --git a/diff-no-index.c b/diff-no-index.c
index ce9e783..3a36144 100644
--- a/diff-no-index.c
+++ b/diff-no-index.c
@@ -231,8 +231,9 @@
 
 	if (prefix) {
 		int len = strlen(prefix);
+		const char *paths[3];
+		memset(paths, 0, sizeof(paths));
 
-		revs->diffopt.paths = xcalloc(2, sizeof(char *));
 		for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
 			const char *p = argv[argc - 2 + i];
 			/*
@@ -242,12 +243,12 @@
 			p = (strcmp(p, "-")
 			     ? xstrdup(prefix_filename(prefix, len, p))
 			     : p);
-			revs->diffopt.paths[i] = p;
+			paths[i] = p;
 		}
+		diff_tree_setup_paths(paths, &revs->diffopt);
 	}
 	else
-		revs->diffopt.paths = argv + argc - 2;
-	revs->diffopt.nr_paths = 2;
+		diff_tree_setup_paths(argv + argc - 2, &revs->diffopt);
 	revs->diffopt.skip_stat_unmatch = 1;
 	if (!revs->diffopt.output_format)
 		revs->diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
@@ -259,8 +260,8 @@
 	if (diff_setup_done(&revs->diffopt) < 0)
 		die("diff_setup_done failed");
 
-	if (queue_diff(&revs->diffopt, revs->diffopt.paths[0],
-		       revs->diffopt.paths[1]))
+	if (queue_diff(&revs->diffopt, revs->diffopt.pathspec.raw[0],
+		       revs->diffopt.pathspec.raw[1]))
 		exit(1);
 	diff_set_mnemonic_prefix(&revs->diffopt, "1/", "2/");
 	diffcore_std(&revs->diffopt);
diff --git a/diff.c b/diff.c
index d1c6b91..559bf57 100644
--- a/diff.c
+++ b/diff.c
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #endif
 
 static int diff_detect_rename_default;
-static int diff_rename_limit_default = 200;
+static int diff_rename_limit_default = 400;
 static int diff_suppress_blank_empty;
 int diff_use_color_default = -1;
 static const char *diff_word_regex_cfg;
@@ -245,6 +245,15 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+/* like fill_mmfile, but only for size, so we can avoid retrieving blob */
+static unsigned long diff_filespec_size(struct diff_filespec *one)
+{
+	if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(one))
+		return 0;
+	diff_populate_filespec(one, 1);
+	return one->size;
+}
+
 static int count_trailing_blank(mmfile_t *mf, unsigned ws_rule)
 {
 	char *ptr = mf->ptr;
@@ -606,22 +615,20 @@
 	buffer->text.ptr[buffer->text.size] = '\0';
 }
 
-struct diff_words_style_elem
-{
+struct diff_words_style_elem {
 	const char *prefix;
 	const char *suffix;
 	const char *color; /* NULL; filled in by the setup code if
 			    * color is enabled */
 };
 
-struct diff_words_style
-{
+struct diff_words_style {
 	enum diff_words_type type;
 	struct diff_words_style_elem new, old, ctx;
 	const char *newline;
 };
 
-struct diff_words_style diff_words_styles[] = {
+static struct diff_words_style diff_words_styles[] = {
 	{ DIFF_WORDS_PORCELAIN, {"+", "\n"}, {"-", "\n"}, {" ", "\n"}, "~\n" },
 	{ DIFF_WORDS_PLAIN, {"{+", "+}"}, {"[-", "-]"}, {"", ""}, "\n" },
 	{ DIFF_WORDS_COLOR, {"", ""}, {"", ""}, {"", ""}, "\n" }
@@ -1043,8 +1050,16 @@
 			emit_line(ecbdata->opt, plain, reset, line, len);
 			fputs("~\n", ecbdata->opt->file);
 		} else {
-			/* don't print the prefix character */
-			emit_line(ecbdata->opt, plain, reset, line+1, len-1);
+			/*
+			 * Skip the prefix character, if any.  With
+			 * diff_suppress_blank_empty, there may be
+			 * none.
+			 */
+			if (line[0] != '\n') {
+			      line++;
+			      len--;
+			}
+			emit_line(ecbdata->opt, plain, reset, line, len);
 		}
 		return;
 	}
@@ -1235,7 +1250,7 @@
 	uintmax_t max_change = 0, max_len = 0;
 	int total_files = data->nr;
 	int width, name_width;
-	const char *reset, *set, *add_c, *del_c;
+	const char *reset, *add_c, *del_c;
 	const char *line_prefix = "";
 	struct strbuf *msg = NULL;
 
@@ -1262,7 +1277,6 @@
 
 	/* Find the longest filename and max number of changes */
 	reset = diff_get_color_opt(options, DIFF_RESET);
-	set   = diff_get_color_opt(options, DIFF_PLAIN);
 	add_c = diff_get_color_opt(options, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
 	del_c = diff_get_color_opt(options, DIFF_FILE_OLD);
 
@@ -1532,8 +1546,36 @@
 		struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
 		const char *name;
 		unsigned long copied, added, damage;
+		int content_changed;
 
-		name = p->one->path ? p->one->path : p->two->path;
+		name = p->two->path ? p->two->path : p->one->path;
+
+		if (p->one->sha1_valid && p->two->sha1_valid)
+			content_changed = hashcmp(p->one->sha1, p->two->sha1);
+		else
+			content_changed = 1;
+
+		if (!content_changed) {
+			/*
+			 * The SHA1 has not changed, so pre-/post-content is
+			 * identical. We can therefore skip looking at the
+			 * file contents altogether.
+			 */
+			damage = 0;
+			goto found_damage;
+		}
+
+		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(options, DIRSTAT_BY_FILE)) {
+			/*
+			 * In --dirstat-by-file mode, we don't really need to
+			 * look at the actual file contents at all.
+			 * The fact that the SHA1 changed is enough for us to
+			 * add this file to the list of results
+			 * (with each file contributing equal damage).
+			 */
+			damage = 1;
+			goto found_damage;
+		}
 
 		if (DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->one) && DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->two)) {
 			diff_populate_filespec(p->one, 0);
@@ -1557,14 +1599,18 @@
 		/*
 		 * Original minus copied is the removed material,
 		 * added is the new material.  They are both damages
-		 * made to the preimage. In --dirstat-by-file mode, count
-		 * damaged files, not damaged lines. This is done by
-		 * counting only a single damaged line per file.
+		 * made to the preimage.
+		 * If the resulting damage is zero, we know that
+		 * diffcore_count_changes() considers the two entries to
+		 * be identical, but since content_changed is true, we
+		 * know that there must have been _some_ kind of change,
+		 * so we force all entries to have damage > 0.
 		 */
 		damage = (p->one->size - copied) + added;
-		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(options, DIRSTAT_BY_FILE) && damage > 0)
+		if (!damage)
 			damage = 1;
 
+found_damage:
 		ALLOC_GROW(dir.files, dir.nr + 1, dir.alloc);
 		dir.files[dir.nr].name = name;
 		dir.files[dir.nr].changed = damage;
@@ -1771,8 +1817,14 @@
 
 static void diff_filespec_load_driver(struct diff_filespec *one)
 {
-	if (!one->driver)
+	/* Use already-loaded driver */
+	if (one->driver)
+		return;
+
+	if (S_ISREG(one->mode))
 		one->driver = userdiff_find_by_path(one->path);
+
+	/* Fallback to default settings */
 	if (!one->driver)
 		one->driver = userdiff_find_by_name("default");
 }
@@ -1820,8 +1872,7 @@
 {
 	if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(one))
 		return NULL;
-	if (!S_ISREG(one->mode))
-		return NULL;
+
 	diff_filespec_load_driver(one);
 	if (!one->driver->textconv)
 		return NULL;
@@ -2074,25 +2125,28 @@
 		data->is_unmerged = 1;
 		return;
 	}
-	if (complete_rewrite) {
+
+	if (diff_filespec_is_binary(one) || diff_filespec_is_binary(two)) {
+		data->is_binary = 1;
+		data->added = diff_filespec_size(two);
+		data->deleted = diff_filespec_size(one);
+	}
+
+	else if (complete_rewrite) {
 		diff_populate_filespec(one, 0);
 		diff_populate_filespec(two, 0);
 		data->deleted = count_lines(one->data, one->size);
 		data->added = count_lines(two->data, two->size);
-		goto free_and_return;
 	}
-	if (fill_mmfile(&mf1, one) < 0 || fill_mmfile(&mf2, two) < 0)
-		die("unable to read files to diff");
 
-	if (diff_filespec_is_binary(one) || diff_filespec_is_binary(two)) {
-		data->is_binary = 1;
-		data->added = mf2.size;
-		data->deleted = mf1.size;
-	} else {
+	else {
 		/* Crazy xdl interfaces.. */
 		xpparam_t xpp;
 		xdemitconf_t xecfg;
 
+		if (fill_mmfile(&mf1, one) < 0 || fill_mmfile(&mf2, two) < 0)
+			die("unable to read files to diff");
+
 		memset(&xpp, 0, sizeof(xpp));
 		memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
 		xpp.flags = o->xdl_opts;
@@ -2100,7 +2154,6 @@
 			      &xpp, &xecfg);
 	}
 
- free_and_return:
 	diff_free_filespec_data(one);
 	diff_free_filespec_data(two);
 }
@@ -2153,7 +2206,7 @@
 
 			ecbdata.ws_rule = data.ws_rule;
 			check_blank_at_eof(&mf1, &mf2, &ecbdata);
-			blank_at_eof = ecbdata.blank_at_eof_in_preimage;
+			blank_at_eof = ecbdata.blank_at_eof_in_postimage;
 
 			if (blank_at_eof) {
 				static char *err;
@@ -2386,10 +2439,14 @@
 	}
 	else {
 		enum object_type type;
-		if (size_only)
+		if (size_only) {
 			type = sha1_object_info(s->sha1, &s->size);
-		else {
+			if (type < 0)
+				die("unable to read %s", sha1_to_hex(s->sha1));
+		} else {
 			s->data = read_sha1_file(s->sha1, &type, &s->size);
+			if (!s->data)
+				die("unable to read %s", sha1_to_hex(s->sha1));
 			s->should_free = 1;
 		}
 	}
@@ -3143,20 +3200,20 @@
 	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-B") || !prefixcmp(arg, "--break-rewrites=") ||
 		 !strcmp(arg, "--break-rewrites")) {
 		if ((options->break_opt = diff_scoreopt_parse(arg)) == -1)
-			return -1;
+			return error("invalid argument to -B: %s", arg+2);
 	}
-	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-M") || !prefixcmp(arg, "--detect-renames=") ||
-		 !strcmp(arg, "--detect-renames")) {
+	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-M") || !prefixcmp(arg, "--find-renames=") ||
+		 !strcmp(arg, "--find-renames")) {
 		if ((options->rename_score = diff_scoreopt_parse(arg)) == -1)
-			return -1;
+			return error("invalid argument to -M: %s", arg+2);
 		options->detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
 	}
-	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-C") || !prefixcmp(arg, "--detect-copies=") ||
-		 !strcmp(arg, "--detect-copies")) {
+	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-C") || !prefixcmp(arg, "--find-copies=") ||
+		 !strcmp(arg, "--find-copies")) {
 		if (options->detect_rename == DIFF_DETECT_COPY)
 			DIFF_OPT_SET(options, FIND_COPIES_HARDER);
 		if ((options->rename_score = diff_scoreopt_parse(arg)) == -1)
-			return -1;
+			return error("invalid argument to -C: %s", arg+2);
 		options->detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_COPY;
 	}
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-renames"))
@@ -3375,12 +3432,12 @@
 			opt += strlen("break-rewrites");
 			if (*opt == 0 || *opt++ == '=')
 				cmd = 'B';
-		} else if (!prefixcmp(opt, "detect-copies")) {
-			opt += strlen("detect-copies");
+		} else if (!prefixcmp(opt, "find-copies")) {
+			opt += strlen("find-copies");
 			if (*opt == 0 || *opt++ == '=')
 				cmd = 'C';
-		} else if (!prefixcmp(opt, "detect-renames")) {
-			opt += strlen("detect-renames");
+		} else if (!prefixcmp(opt, "find-renames")) {
+			opt += strlen("find-renames");
 			if (*opt == 0 || *opt++ == '=')
 				cmd = 'M';
 		}
@@ -3889,7 +3946,7 @@
 
 		xpp.flags = 0;
 		xecfg.ctxlen = 3;
-		xecfg.flags = XDL_EMIT_FUNCNAMES;
+		xecfg.flags = 0;
 		xdi_diff_outf(&mf1, &mf2, patch_id_consume, &data,
 			      &xpp, &xecfg);
 	}
@@ -3938,6 +3995,28 @@
 	return 1;
 }
 
+static const char rename_limit_warning[] =
+"inexact rename detection was skipped due to too many files.";
+
+static const char degrade_cc_to_c_warning[] =
+"only found copies from modified paths due to too many files.";
+
+static const char rename_limit_advice[] =
+"you may want to set your %s variable to at least "
+"%d and retry the command.";
+
+void diff_warn_rename_limit(const char *varname, int needed, int degraded_cc)
+{
+	if (degraded_cc)
+		warning(degrade_cc_to_c_warning);
+	else if (needed)
+		warning(rename_limit_warning);
+	else
+		return;
+	if (0 < needed && needed < 32767)
+		warning(rename_limit_advice, varname, needed);
+}
+
 void diff_flush(struct diff_options *options)
 {
 	struct diff_queue_struct *q = &diff_queued_diff;
@@ -4219,6 +4298,10 @@
 int diff_result_code(struct diff_options *opt, int status)
 {
 	int result = 0;
+
+	diff_warn_rename_limit("diff.renamelimit",
+			       opt->needed_rename_limit,
+			       opt->degraded_cc_to_c);
 	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS) &&
 	    !(opt->output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_CHECKDIFF))
 		return status;
@@ -4332,20 +4415,20 @@
 		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, HAS_CHANGES);
 }
 
-void diff_unmerge(struct diff_options *options,
-		  const char *path,
-		  unsigned mode, const unsigned char *sha1)
+struct diff_filepair *diff_unmerge(struct diff_options *options, const char *path)
 {
+	struct diff_filepair *pair;
 	struct diff_filespec *one, *two;
 
 	if (options->prefix &&
 	    strncmp(path, options->prefix, options->prefix_length))
-		return;
+		return NULL;
 
 	one = alloc_filespec(path);
 	two = alloc_filespec(path);
-	fill_filespec(one, sha1, mode);
-	diff_queue(&diff_queued_diff, one, two)->is_unmerged = 1;
+	pair = diff_queue(&diff_queued_diff, one, two);
+	pair->is_unmerged = 1;
+	return pair;
 }
 
 static char *run_textconv(const char *pgm, struct diff_filespec *spec,
@@ -4403,7 +4486,7 @@
 		return df->size;
 	}
 
-	if (driver->textconv_cache) {
+	if (driver->textconv_cache && df->sha1_valid) {
 		*outbuf = notes_cache_get(driver->textconv_cache, df->sha1,
 					  &size);
 		if (*outbuf)
@@ -4414,7 +4497,7 @@
 	if (!*outbuf)
 		die("unable to read files to diff");
 
-	if (driver->textconv_cache) {
+	if (driver->textconv_cache && df->sha1_valid) {
 		/* ignore errors, as we might be in a readonly repository */
 		notes_cache_put(driver->textconv_cache, df->sha1, *outbuf,
 				size);
diff --git a/diff.h b/diff.h
index 0083d92..6e4d436 100644
--- a/diff.h
+++ b/diff.h
@@ -110,7 +110,9 @@
 	int pickaxe_opts;
 	int rename_score;
 	int rename_limit;
-	int warn_on_too_large_rename;
+	int needed_rename_limit;
+	int degraded_cc_to_c;
+	int show_rename_progress;
 	int dirstat_percent;
 	int setup;
 	int abbrev;
@@ -133,9 +135,7 @@
 	FILE *file;
 	int close_file;
 
-	int nr_paths;
-	const char **paths;
-	int *pathlens;
+	struct pathspec pathspec;
 	change_fn_t change;
 	add_remove_fn_t add_remove;
 	diff_format_fn_t format_callback;
@@ -209,10 +209,7 @@
 			const char *fullpath,
 			unsigned dirty_submodule1, unsigned dirty_submodule2);
 
-extern void diff_unmerge(struct diff_options *,
-			 const char *path,
-			 unsigned mode,
-			 const unsigned char *sha1);
+extern struct diff_filepair *diff_unmerge(struct diff_options *, const char *path);
 
 #define DIFF_SETUP_REVERSE      	1
 #define DIFF_SETUP_USE_CACHE		2
@@ -274,6 +271,7 @@
 
 extern int diff_queue_is_empty(void);
 extern void diff_flush(struct diff_options*);
+extern void diff_warn_rename_limit(const char *varname, int needed, int degraded_cc);
 
 /* diff-raw status letters */
 #define DIFF_STATUS_ADDED		'A'
diff --git a/diffcore-rename.c b/diffcore-rename.c
index df41be5..f639601 100644
--- a/diffcore-rename.c
+++ b/diffcore-rename.c
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "diffcore.h"
 #include "hash.h"
+#include "progress.h"
 
 /* Table of rename/copy destinations */
 
@@ -54,22 +55,23 @@
 
 /* Table of rename/copy src files */
 static struct diff_rename_src {
-	struct diff_filespec *one;
+	struct diff_filepair *p;
 	unsigned short score; /* to remember the break score */
 } *rename_src;
 static int rename_src_nr, rename_src_alloc;
 
-static struct diff_rename_src *register_rename_src(struct diff_filespec *one,
-						   unsigned short score)
+static struct diff_rename_src *register_rename_src(struct diff_filepair *p)
 {
 	int first, last;
+	struct diff_filespec *one = p->one;
+	unsigned short score = p->score;
 
 	first = 0;
 	last = rename_src_nr;
 	while (last > first) {
 		int next = (last + first) >> 1;
 		struct diff_rename_src *src = &(rename_src[next]);
-		int cmp = strcmp(one->path, src->one->path);
+		int cmp = strcmp(one->path, src->p->one->path);
 		if (!cmp)
 			return src;
 		if (cmp < 0) {
@@ -89,7 +91,7 @@
 	if (first < rename_src_nr)
 		memmove(rename_src + first + 1, rename_src + first,
 			(rename_src_nr - first - 1) * sizeof(*rename_src));
-	rename_src[first].one = one;
+	rename_src[first].p = p;
 	rename_src[first].score = score;
 	return &(rename_src[first]);
 }
@@ -170,7 +172,7 @@
 	 * and the final score computation below would not have a
 	 * divide-by-zero issue.
 	 */
-	if (base_size * (MAX_SCORE-minimum_score) < delta_size * MAX_SCORE)
+	if (max_size * (MAX_SCORE-minimum_score) < delta_size * MAX_SCORE)
 		return 0;
 
 	if (!src->cnt_data && diff_populate_filespec(src, 0))
@@ -204,7 +206,7 @@
 	if (rename_dst[dst_index].pair)
 		die("internal error: dst already matched.");
 
-	src = rename_src[src_index].one;
+	src = rename_src[src_index].p->one;
 	src->rename_used++;
 	src->count++;
 
@@ -247,7 +249,8 @@
 };
 
 static int find_identical_files(struct file_similarity *src,
-				struct file_similarity *dst)
+				struct file_similarity *dst,
+				struct diff_options *options)
 {
 	int renames = 0;
 
@@ -277,6 +280,8 @@
 			}
 			/* Give higher scores to sources that haven't been used already */
 			score = !source->rename_used;
+			if (source->rename_used && options->detect_rename != DIFF_DETECT_COPY)
+				continue;
 			score += basename_same(source, target);
 			if (score > best_score) {
 				best = p;
@@ -306,11 +311,12 @@
 	}
 }
 
-static int find_same_files(void *ptr)
+static int find_same_files(void *ptr, void *data)
 {
 	int ret;
 	struct file_similarity *p = ptr;
 	struct file_similarity *src = NULL, *dst = NULL;
+	struct diff_options *options = data;
 
 	/* Split the hash list up into sources and destinations */
 	do {
@@ -329,7 +335,7 @@
 	 * If we have both sources *and* destinations, see if
 	 * we can match them up
 	 */
-	ret = (src && dst) ? find_identical_files(src, dst) : 0;
+	ret = (src && dst) ? find_identical_files(src, dst, options) : 0;
 
 	/* Free the hashes and return the number of renames found */
 	free_similarity_list(src);
@@ -377,20 +383,20 @@
  * and then during the second round we try to match
  * cache-dirty entries as well.
  */
-static int find_exact_renames(void)
+static int find_exact_renames(struct diff_options *options)
 {
 	int i;
 	struct hash_table file_table;
 
 	init_hash(&file_table);
 	for (i = 0; i < rename_src_nr; i++)
-		insert_file_table(&file_table, -1, i, rename_src[i].one);
+		insert_file_table(&file_table, -1, i, rename_src[i].p->one);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < rename_dst_nr; i++)
 		insert_file_table(&file_table, 1, i, rename_dst[i].two);
 
 	/* Find the renames */
-	i = for_each_hash(&file_table, find_same_files);
+	i = for_each_hash(&file_table, find_same_files, options);
 
 	/* .. and free the hash data structure */
 	free_hash(&file_table);
@@ -414,16 +420,86 @@
 		m[worst] = *o;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Returns:
+ * 0 if we are under the limit;
+ * 1 if we need to disable inexact rename detection;
+ * 2 if we would be under the limit if we were given -C instead of -C -C.
+ */
+static int too_many_rename_candidates(int num_create,
+				      struct diff_options *options)
+{
+	int rename_limit = options->rename_limit;
+	int num_src = rename_src_nr;
+	int i;
+
+	options->needed_rename_limit = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * This basically does a test for the rename matrix not
+	 * growing larger than a "rename_limit" square matrix, ie:
+	 *
+	 *    num_create * num_src > rename_limit * rename_limit
+	 *
+	 * but handles the potential overflow case specially (and we
+	 * assume at least 32-bit integers)
+	 */
+	if (rename_limit <= 0 || rename_limit > 32767)
+		rename_limit = 32767;
+	if ((num_create <= rename_limit || num_src <= rename_limit) &&
+	    (num_create * num_src <= rename_limit * rename_limit))
+		return 0;
+
+	options->needed_rename_limit =
+		num_src > num_create ? num_src : num_create;
+
+	/* Are we running under -C -C? */
+	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(options, FIND_COPIES_HARDER))
+		return 1;
+
+	/* Would we bust the limit if we were running under -C? */
+	for (num_src = i = 0; i < rename_src_nr; i++) {
+		if (diff_unmodified_pair(rename_src[i].p))
+			continue;
+		num_src++;
+	}
+	if ((num_create <= rename_limit || num_src <= rename_limit) &&
+	    (num_create * num_src <= rename_limit * rename_limit))
+		return 2;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int find_renames(struct diff_score *mx, int dst_cnt, int minimum_score, int copies)
+{
+	int count = 0, i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < dst_cnt * NUM_CANDIDATE_PER_DST; i++) {
+		struct diff_rename_dst *dst;
+
+		if ((mx[i].dst < 0) ||
+		    (mx[i].score < minimum_score))
+			break; /* there is no more usable pair. */
+		dst = &rename_dst[mx[i].dst];
+		if (dst->pair)
+			continue; /* already done, either exact or fuzzy. */
+		if (!copies && rename_src[mx[i].src].p->one->rename_used)
+			continue;
+		record_rename_pair(mx[i].dst, mx[i].src, mx[i].score);
+		count++;
+	}
+	return count;
+}
+
 void diffcore_rename(struct diff_options *options)
 {
 	int detect_rename = options->detect_rename;
 	int minimum_score = options->rename_score;
-	int rename_limit = options->rename_limit;
 	struct diff_queue_struct *q = &diff_queued_diff;
 	struct diff_queue_struct outq;
 	struct diff_score *mx;
-	int i, j, rename_count;
-	int num_create, num_src, dst_cnt;
+	int i, j, rename_count, skip_unmodified = 0;
+	int num_create, dst_cnt;
+	struct progress *progress = NULL;
 
 	if (!minimum_score)
 		minimum_score = DEFAULT_RENAME_SCORE;
@@ -439,7 +515,7 @@
 			else
 				locate_rename_dst(p->two, 1);
 		}
-		else if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->two)) {
+		else if (!DIFF_PAIR_UNMERGED(p) && !DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->two)) {
 			/*
 			 * If the source is a broken "delete", and
 			 * they did not really want to get broken,
@@ -449,7 +525,7 @@
 			 */
 			if (p->broken_pair && !p->score)
 				p->one->rename_used++;
-			register_rename_src(p->one, p->score);
+			register_rename_src(p);
 		}
 		else if (detect_rename == DIFF_DETECT_COPY) {
 			/*
@@ -457,7 +533,7 @@
 			 * one, to indicate ourselves as a user.
 			 */
 			p->one->rename_used++;
-			register_rename_src(p->one, p->score);
+			register_rename_src(p);
 		}
 	}
 	if (rename_dst_nr == 0 || rename_src_nr == 0)
@@ -467,7 +543,7 @@
 	 * We really want to cull the candidates list early
 	 * with cheap tests in order to avoid doing deltas.
 	 */
-	rename_count = find_exact_renames();
+	rename_count = find_exact_renames(options);
 
 	/* Did we only want exact renames? */
 	if (minimum_score == MAX_SCORE)
@@ -478,28 +554,26 @@
 	 * files still remain as options for rename/copies!)
 	 */
 	num_create = (rename_dst_nr - rename_count);
-	num_src = rename_src_nr;
 
 	/* All done? */
 	if (!num_create)
 		goto cleanup;
 
-	/*
-	 * This basically does a test for the rename matrix not
-	 * growing larger than a "rename_limit" square matrix, ie:
-	 *
-	 *    num_create * num_src > rename_limit * rename_limit
-	 *
-	 * but handles the potential overflow case specially (and we
-	 * assume at least 32-bit integers)
-	 */
-	if (rename_limit <= 0 || rename_limit > 32767)
-		rename_limit = 32767;
-	if ((num_create > rename_limit && num_src > rename_limit) ||
-	    (num_create * num_src > rename_limit * rename_limit)) {
-		if (options->warn_on_too_large_rename)
-			warning("too many files (created: %d deleted: %d), skipping inexact rename detection", num_create, num_src);
+	switch (too_many_rename_candidates(num_create, options)) {
+	case 1:
 		goto cleanup;
+	case 2:
+		options->degraded_cc_to_c = 1;
+		skip_unmodified = 1;
+		break;
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+
+	if (options->show_rename_progress) {
+		progress = start_progress_delay(
+				"Performing inexact rename detection",
+				rename_dst_nr * rename_src_nr, 50, 1);
 	}
 
 	mx = xcalloc(num_create * NUM_CANDIDATE_PER_DST, sizeof(*mx));
@@ -515,8 +589,13 @@
 			m[j].dst = -1;
 
 		for (j = 0; j < rename_src_nr; j++) {
-			struct diff_filespec *one = rename_src[j].one;
+			struct diff_filespec *one = rename_src[j].p->one;
 			struct diff_score this_src;
+
+			if (skip_unmodified &&
+			    diff_unmodified_pair(rename_src[j].p))
+				continue;
+
 			this_src.score = estimate_similarity(one, two,
 							     minimum_score);
 			this_src.name_score = basename_same(one, two);
@@ -531,38 +610,16 @@
 			diff_free_filespec_blob(two);
 		}
 		dst_cnt++;
+		display_progress(progress, (i+1)*rename_src_nr);
 	}
+	stop_progress(&progress);
 
 	/* cost matrix sorted by most to least similar pair */
 	qsort(mx, dst_cnt * NUM_CANDIDATE_PER_DST, sizeof(*mx), score_compare);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < dst_cnt * NUM_CANDIDATE_PER_DST; i++) {
-		struct diff_rename_dst *dst;
-
-		if ((mx[i].dst < 0) ||
-		    (mx[i].score < minimum_score))
-			break; /* there is no more usable pair. */
-		dst = &rename_dst[mx[i].dst];
-		if (dst->pair)
-			continue; /* already done, either exact or fuzzy. */
-		if (rename_src[mx[i].src].one->rename_used)
-			continue;
-		record_rename_pair(mx[i].dst, mx[i].src, mx[i].score);
-		rename_count++;
-	}
-
-	for (i = 0; i < dst_cnt * NUM_CANDIDATE_PER_DST; i++) {
-		struct diff_rename_dst *dst;
-
-		if ((mx[i].dst < 0) ||
-		    (mx[i].score < minimum_score))
-			break; /* there is no more usable pair. */
-		dst = &rename_dst[mx[i].dst];
-		if (dst->pair)
-			continue; /* already done, either exact or fuzzy. */
-		record_rename_pair(mx[i].dst, mx[i].src, mx[i].score);
-		rename_count++;
-	}
+	rename_count += find_renames(mx, dst_cnt, minimum_score, 0);
+	if (detect_rename == DIFF_DETECT_COPY)
+		rename_count += find_renames(mx, dst_cnt, minimum_score, 1);
 	free(mx);
 
  cleanup:
@@ -574,7 +631,10 @@
 		struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
 		struct diff_filepair *pair_to_free = NULL;
 
-		if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->one) && DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->two)) {
+		if (DIFF_PAIR_UNMERGED(p)) {
+			diff_q(&outq, p);
+		}
+		else if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->one) && DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->two)) {
 			/*
 			 * Creation
 			 *
diff --git a/dir.c b/dir.c
index d1e5e5e..532bcb6 100644
--- a/dir.c
+++ b/dir.c
@@ -18,6 +18,22 @@
 	int check_only, const struct path_simplify *simplify);
 static int get_dtype(struct dirent *de, const char *path, int len);
 
+/* helper string functions with support for the ignore_case flag */
+int strcmp_icase(const char *a, const char *b)
+{
+	return ignore_case ? strcasecmp(a, b) : strcmp(a, b);
+}
+
+int strncmp_icase(const char *a, const char *b, size_t count)
+{
+	return ignore_case ? strncasecmp(a, b, count) : strncmp(a, b, count);
+}
+
+int fnmatch_icase(const char *pattern, const char *string, int flags)
+{
+	return fnmatch(pattern, string, flags | (ignore_case ? FNM_CASEFOLD : 0));
+}
+
 static int common_prefix(const char **pathspec)
 {
 	const char *path, *slash, *next;
@@ -71,6 +87,21 @@
 	return len;
 }
 
+int within_depth(const char *name, int namelen,
+			int depth, int max_depth)
+{
+	const char *cp = name, *cpe = name + namelen;
+
+	while (cp < cpe) {
+		if (*cp++ != '/')
+			continue;
+		depth++;
+		if (depth > max_depth)
+			return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
 /*
  * Does 'match' match the given name?
  * A match is found if
@@ -91,16 +122,30 @@
 	if (!*match)
 		return MATCHED_RECURSIVELY;
 
-	for (;;) {
-		unsigned char c1 = *match;
-		unsigned char c2 = *name;
-		if (c1 == '\0' || is_glob_special(c1))
-			break;
-		if (c1 != c2)
-			return 0;
-		match++;
-		name++;
-		namelen--;
+	if (ignore_case) {
+		for (;;) {
+			unsigned char c1 = tolower(*match);
+			unsigned char c2 = tolower(*name);
+			if (c1 == '\0' || is_glob_special(c1))
+				break;
+			if (c1 != c2)
+				return 0;
+			match++;
+			name++;
+			namelen--;
+		}
+	} else {
+		for (;;) {
+			unsigned char c1 = *match;
+			unsigned char c2 = *name;
+			if (c1 == '\0' || is_glob_special(c1))
+				break;
+			if (c1 != c2)
+				return 0;
+			match++;
+			name++;
+			namelen--;
+		}
 	}
 
 
@@ -109,8 +154,8 @@
 	 * we need to match by fnmatch
 	 */
 	matchlen = strlen(match);
-	if (strncmp(match, name, matchlen))
-		return !fnmatch(match, name, 0) ? MATCHED_FNMATCH : 0;
+	if (strncmp_icase(match, name, matchlen))
+		return !fnmatch_icase(match, name, 0) ? MATCHED_FNMATCH : 0;
 
 	if (namelen == matchlen)
 		return MATCHED_EXACTLY;
@@ -154,6 +199,95 @@
 	return retval;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Does 'match' match the given name?
+ * A match is found if
+ *
+ * (1) the 'match' string is leading directory of 'name', or
+ * (2) the 'match' string is a wildcard and matches 'name', or
+ * (3) the 'match' string is exactly the same as 'name'.
+ *
+ * and the return value tells which case it was.
+ *
+ * It returns 0 when there is no match.
+ */
+static int match_pathspec_item(const struct pathspec_item *item, int prefix,
+			       const char *name, int namelen)
+{
+	/* name/namelen has prefix cut off by caller */
+	const char *match = item->match + prefix;
+	int matchlen = item->len - prefix;
+
+	/* If the match was just the prefix, we matched */
+	if (!*match)
+		return MATCHED_RECURSIVELY;
+
+	if (matchlen <= namelen && !strncmp(match, name, matchlen)) {
+		if (matchlen == namelen)
+			return MATCHED_EXACTLY;
+
+		if (match[matchlen-1] == '/' || name[matchlen] == '/')
+			return MATCHED_RECURSIVELY;
+	}
+
+	if (item->has_wildcard && !fnmatch(match, name, 0))
+		return MATCHED_FNMATCH;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Given a name and a list of pathspecs, see if the name matches
+ * any of the pathspecs.  The caller is also interested in seeing
+ * all pathspec matches some names it calls this function with
+ * (otherwise the user could have mistyped the unmatched pathspec),
+ * and a mark is left in seen[] array for pathspec element that
+ * actually matched anything.
+ */
+int match_pathspec_depth(const struct pathspec *ps,
+			 const char *name, int namelen,
+			 int prefix, char *seen)
+{
+	int i, retval = 0;
+
+	if (!ps->nr) {
+		if (!ps->recursive || ps->max_depth == -1)
+			return MATCHED_RECURSIVELY;
+
+		if (within_depth(name, namelen, 0, ps->max_depth))
+			return MATCHED_EXACTLY;
+		else
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	name += prefix;
+	namelen -= prefix;
+
+	for (i = ps->nr - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+		int how;
+		if (seen && seen[i] == MATCHED_EXACTLY)
+			continue;
+		how = match_pathspec_item(ps->items+i, prefix, name, namelen);
+		if (ps->recursive && ps->max_depth != -1 &&
+		    how && how != MATCHED_FNMATCH) {
+			int len = ps->items[i].len;
+			if (name[len] == '/')
+				len++;
+			if (within_depth(name+len, namelen-len, 0, ps->max_depth))
+				how = MATCHED_EXACTLY;
+			else
+				how = 0;
+		}
+		if (how) {
+			if (retval < how)
+				retval = how;
+			if (seen && seen[i] < how)
+				seen[i] = how;
+		}
+	}
+	return retval;
+}
+
 static int no_wildcard(const char *string)
 {
 	return string[strcspn(string, "*?[{\\")] == '\0';
@@ -223,6 +357,18 @@
 	return data;
 }
 
+void free_excludes(struct exclude_list *el)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < el->nr; i++)
+		free(el->excludes[i]);
+	free(el->excludes);
+
+	el->nr = 0;
+	el->excludes = NULL;
+}
+
 int add_excludes_from_file_to_list(const char *fname,
 				   const char *base,
 				   int baselen,
@@ -359,12 +505,6 @@
 			int to_exclude = x->to_exclude;
 
 			if (x->flags & EXC_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR) {
-				if (!dtype) {
-					if (!prefixcmp(pathname, exclude))
-						return to_exclude;
-					else
-						continue;
-				}
 				if (*dtype == DT_UNKNOWN)
 					*dtype = get_dtype(NULL, pathname, pathlen);
 				if (*dtype != DT_DIR)
@@ -374,14 +514,14 @@
 			if (x->flags & EXC_FLAG_NODIR) {
 				/* match basename */
 				if (x->flags & EXC_FLAG_NOWILDCARD) {
-					if (!strcmp(exclude, basename))
+					if (!strcmp_icase(exclude, basename))
 						return to_exclude;
 				} else if (x->flags & EXC_FLAG_ENDSWITH) {
 					if (x->patternlen - 1 <= pathlen &&
-					    !strcmp(exclude + 1, pathname + pathlen - x->patternlen + 1))
+					    !strcmp_icase(exclude + 1, pathname + pathlen - x->patternlen + 1))
 						return to_exclude;
 				} else {
-					if (fnmatch(exclude, basename, 0) == 0)
+					if (fnmatch_icase(exclude, basename, 0) == 0)
 						return to_exclude;
 				}
 			}
@@ -396,14 +536,14 @@
 
 				if (pathlen < baselen ||
 				    (baselen && pathname[baselen-1] != '/') ||
-				    strncmp(pathname, x->base, baselen))
+				    strncmp_icase(pathname, x->base, baselen))
 				    continue;
 
 				if (x->flags & EXC_FLAG_NOWILDCARD) {
-					if (!strcmp(exclude, pathname + baselen))
+					if (!strcmp_icase(exclude, pathname + baselen))
 						return to_exclude;
 				} else {
-					if (fnmatch(exclude, pathname+baselen,
+					if (fnmatch_icase(exclude, pathname+baselen,
 						    FNM_PATHNAME) == 0)
 					    return to_exclude;
 				}
@@ -469,6 +609,39 @@
 };
 
 /*
+ * Do not use the alphabetically stored index to look up
+ * the directory name; instead, use the case insensitive
+ * name hash.
+ */
+static enum exist_status directory_exists_in_index_icase(const char *dirname, int len)
+{
+	struct cache_entry *ce = index_name_exists(&the_index, dirname, len + 1, ignore_case);
+	unsigned char endchar;
+
+	if (!ce)
+		return index_nonexistent;
+	endchar = ce->name[len];
+
+	/*
+	 * The cache_entry structure returned will contain this dirname
+	 * and possibly additional path components.
+	 */
+	if (endchar == '/')
+		return index_directory;
+
+	/*
+	 * If there are no additional path components, then this cache_entry
+	 * represents a submodule.  Submodules, despite being directories,
+	 * are stored in the cache without a closing slash.
+	 */
+	if (!endchar && S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
+		return index_gitdir;
+
+	/* This should never be hit, but it exists just in case. */
+	return index_nonexistent;
+}
+
+/*
  * The index sorts alphabetically by entry name, which
  * means that a gitlink sorts as '\0' at the end, while
  * a directory (which is defined not as an entry, but as
@@ -477,7 +650,12 @@
  */
 static enum exist_status directory_exists_in_index(const char *dirname, int len)
 {
-	int pos = cache_name_pos(dirname, len);
+	int pos;
+
+	if (ignore_case)
+		return directory_exists_in_index_icase(dirname, len);
+
+	pos = cache_name_pos(dirname, len);
 	if (pos < 0)
 		pos = -pos-1;
 	while (pos < active_nr) {
@@ -950,7 +1128,7 @@
 		die_errno("can't find the current directory");
 
 	if (!is_absolute_path(dir))
-		dir = make_absolute_path(dir);
+		dir = real_path(dir);
 
 	while (*dir && *dir == *cwd) {
 		dir++;
@@ -964,6 +1142,12 @@
 	case '/':
 		return cwd + 1;
 	default:
+		/*
+		 * dir can end with a path separator when it's root
+		 * directory. Return proper prefix in that case.
+		 */
+		if (dir[-1] == '/')
+			return cwd;
 		return NULL;
 	}
 }
@@ -1008,7 +1192,7 @@
 
 	dir = opendir(path->buf);
 	if (!dir)
-		return -1;
+		return rmdir(path->buf);
 	if (path->buf[original_len - 1] != '/')
 		strbuf_addch(path, '/');
 
@@ -1071,3 +1255,50 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int pathspec_item_cmp(const void *a_, const void *b_)
+{
+	struct pathspec_item *a, *b;
+
+	a = (struct pathspec_item *)a_;
+	b = (struct pathspec_item *)b_;
+	return strcmp(a->match, b->match);
+}
+
+int init_pathspec(struct pathspec *pathspec, const char **paths)
+{
+	const char **p = paths;
+	int i;
+
+	memset(pathspec, 0, sizeof(*pathspec));
+	if (!p)
+		return 0;
+	while (*p)
+		p++;
+	pathspec->raw = paths;
+	pathspec->nr = p - paths;
+	if (!pathspec->nr)
+		return 0;
+
+	pathspec->items = xmalloc(sizeof(struct pathspec_item)*pathspec->nr);
+	for (i = 0; i < pathspec->nr; i++) {
+		struct pathspec_item *item = pathspec->items+i;
+		const char *path = paths[i];
+
+		item->match = path;
+		item->len = strlen(path);
+		item->has_wildcard = !no_wildcard(path);
+		if (item->has_wildcard)
+			pathspec->has_wildcard = 1;
+	}
+
+	qsort(pathspec->items, pathspec->nr,
+	      sizeof(struct pathspec_item), pathspec_item_cmp);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void free_pathspec(struct pathspec *pathspec)
+{
+	free(pathspec->items);
+	pathspec->items = NULL;
+}
diff --git a/dir.h b/dir.h
index 278d84c..aa511da 100644
--- a/dir.h
+++ b/dir.h
@@ -65,6 +65,10 @@
 #define MATCHED_FNMATCH 2
 #define MATCHED_EXACTLY 3
 extern int match_pathspec(const char **pathspec, const char *name, int namelen, int prefix, char *seen);
+extern int match_pathspec_depth(const struct pathspec *pathspec,
+				const char *name, int namelen,
+				int prefix, char *seen);
+extern int within_depth(const char *name, int namelen, int depth, int max_depth);
 
 extern int fill_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char **pathspec);
 extern int read_directory(struct dir_struct *, const char *path, int len, const char **pathspec);
@@ -78,6 +82,7 @@
 extern void add_excludes_from_file(struct dir_struct *, const char *fname);
 extern void add_exclude(const char *string, const char *base,
 			int baselen, struct exclude_list *which);
+extern void free_excludes(struct exclude_list *el);
 extern int file_exists(const char *);
 
 extern char *get_relative_cwd(char *buffer, int size, const char *dir);
@@ -101,4 +106,8 @@
 /* tries to remove the path with empty directories along it, ignores ENOENT */
 extern int remove_path(const char *path);
 
+extern int strcmp_icase(const char *a, const char *b);
+extern int strncmp_icase(const char *a, const char *b, size_t count);
+extern int fnmatch_icase(const char *pattern, const char *string, int flags);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/entry.c b/entry.c
index 004182c..b017167 100644
--- a/entry.c
+++ b/entry.c
@@ -106,14 +106,14 @@
 	case S_IFLNK:
 		new = read_blob_entry(ce, &size);
 		if (!new)
-			return error("git checkout-index: unable to read sha1 file of %s (%s)",
+			return error("unable to read sha1 file of %s (%s)",
 				path, sha1_to_hex(ce->sha1));
 
 		if (ce_mode_s_ifmt == S_IFLNK && has_symlinks && !to_tempfile) {
 			ret = symlink(new, path);
 			free(new);
 			if (ret)
-				return error("git checkout-index: unable to create symlink %s (%s)",
+				return error("unable to create symlink %s (%s)",
 					     path, strerror(errno));
 			break;
 		}
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@
 		}
 		if (fd < 0) {
 			free(new);
-			return error("git checkout-index: unable to create file %s (%s)",
+			return error("unable to create file %s (%s)",
 				path, strerror(errno));
 		}
 
@@ -155,16 +155,16 @@
 		close(fd);
 		free(new);
 		if (wrote != size)
-			return error("git checkout-index: unable to write file %s", path);
+			return error("unable to write file %s", path);
 		break;
 	case S_IFGITLINK:
 		if (to_tempfile)
-			return error("git checkout-index: cannot create temporary subproject %s", path);
+			return error("cannot create temporary subproject %s", path);
 		if (mkdir(path, 0777) < 0)
-			return error("git checkout-index: cannot create subproject directory %s", path);
+			return error("cannot create subproject directory %s", path);
 		break;
 	default:
-		return error("git checkout-index: unknown file mode for %s", path);
+		return error("unknown file mode for %s in index", path);
 	}
 
 	if (state->refresh_cache) {
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@
 			return 0;
 		if (!state->force) {
 			if (!state->quiet)
-				fprintf(stderr, "git-checkout-index: %s already exists\n", path);
+				fprintf(stderr, "%s already exists, no checkout\n", path);
 			return -1;
 		}
 
diff --git a/environment.c b/environment.c
index de5581f..40185bc 100644
--- a/environment.c
+++ b/environment.c
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 int trust_executable_bit = 1;
 int trust_ctime = 1;
 int has_symlinks = 1;
+int minimum_abbrev = 4, default_abbrev = 7;
 int ignore_case;
 int assume_unchanged;
 int prefer_symlink_refs;
@@ -34,6 +35,7 @@
 size_t packed_git_window_size = DEFAULT_PACKED_GIT_WINDOW_SIZE;
 size_t packed_git_limit = DEFAULT_PACKED_GIT_LIMIT;
 size_t delta_base_cache_limit = 16 * 1024 * 1024;
+unsigned long big_file_threshold = 512 * 1024 * 1024;
 const char *pager_program;
 int pager_use_color = 1;
 const char *editor_program;
@@ -87,6 +89,7 @@
 static void setup_git_env(void)
 {
 	git_dir = getenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
+	git_dir = git_dir ? xstrdup(git_dir) : NULL;
 	if (!git_dir) {
 		git_dir = read_gitfile_gently(DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
 		git_dir = git_dir ? xstrdup(git_dir) : NULL;
@@ -137,30 +140,20 @@
  */
 void set_git_work_tree(const char *new_work_tree)
 {
-	if (is_bare_repository_cfg >= 0)
-		die("cannot set work tree after initialization");
+	if (git_work_tree_initialized) {
+		new_work_tree = real_path(new_work_tree);
+		if (strcmp(new_work_tree, work_tree))
+			die("internal error: work tree has already been set\n"
+			    "Current worktree: %s\nNew worktree: %s",
+			    work_tree, new_work_tree);
+		return;
+	}
 	git_work_tree_initialized = 1;
-	free(work_tree);
-	work_tree = xstrdup(make_absolute_path(new_work_tree));
-	is_bare_repository_cfg = 0;
+	work_tree = xstrdup(real_path(new_work_tree));
 }
 
 const char *get_git_work_tree(void)
 {
-	if (!git_work_tree_initialized) {
-		work_tree = getenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT);
-		/* core.bare = true overrides implicit and config work tree */
-		if (!work_tree && is_bare_repository_cfg < 1) {
-			work_tree = git_work_tree_cfg;
-			/* make_absolute_path also normalizes the path */
-			if (work_tree && !is_absolute_path(work_tree))
-				work_tree = xstrdup(make_absolute_path(git_path("%s", work_tree)));
-		} else if (work_tree)
-			work_tree = xstrdup(make_absolute_path(work_tree));
-		git_work_tree_initialized = 1;
-		if (work_tree)
-			is_bare_repository_cfg = 0;
-	}
 	return work_tree;
 }
 
@@ -171,6 +164,43 @@
 	return git_object_dir;
 }
 
+int odb_mkstemp(char *template, size_t limit, const char *pattern)
+{
+	int fd;
+	/*
+	 * we let the umask do its job, don't try to be more
+	 * restrictive except to remove write permission.
+	 */
+	int mode = 0444;
+	snprintf(template, limit, "%s/%s",
+		 get_object_directory(), pattern);
+	fd = git_mkstemp_mode(template, mode);
+	if (0 <= fd)
+		return fd;
+
+	/* slow path */
+	/* some mkstemp implementations erase template on failure */
+	snprintf(template, limit, "%s/%s",
+		 get_object_directory(), pattern);
+	safe_create_leading_directories(template);
+	return xmkstemp_mode(template, mode);
+}
+
+int odb_pack_keep(char *name, size_t namesz, unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	int fd;
+
+	snprintf(name, namesz, "%s/pack/pack-%s.keep",
+		 get_object_directory(), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600);
+	if (0 <= fd)
+		return fd;
+
+	/* slow path */
+	safe_create_leading_directories(name);
+	return open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600);
+}
+
 char *get_index_file(void)
 {
 	if (!git_index_file)
@@ -192,3 +222,14 @@
 	setup_git_env();
 	return 0;
 }
+
+const char *get_log_output_encoding(void)
+{
+	return git_log_output_encoding ? git_log_output_encoding
+		: get_commit_output_encoding();
+}
+
+const char *get_commit_output_encoding(void)
+{
+	return git_commit_encoding ? git_commit_encoding : "UTF-8";
+}
diff --git a/exec_cmd.c b/exec_cmd.c
index bf22570..171e841 100644
--- a/exec_cmd.c
+++ b/exec_cmd.c
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 #include "quote.h"
 #define MAX_ARGS	32
 
-extern char **environ;
 static const char *argv_exec_path;
 static const char *argv0_path;
 
@@ -90,7 +89,7 @@
 		if (is_absolute_path(path))
 			strbuf_addstr(out, path);
 		else
-			strbuf_addstr(out, make_nonrelative_path(path));
+			strbuf_addstr(out, absolute_path(path));
 
 		strbuf_addch(out, PATH_SEP);
 	}
diff --git a/fast-import.c b/fast-import.c
index 77549eb..78d9786 100644
--- a/fast-import.c
+++ b/fast-import.c
@@ -24,10 +24,12 @@
     commit_msg
     ('from' sp committish lf)?
     ('merge' sp committish lf)*
-    file_change*
+    (file_change | ls)*
     lf?;
   commit_msg ::= data;
 
+  ls ::= 'ls' sp '"' quoted(path) '"' lf;
+
   file_change ::= file_clr
     | file_del
     | file_rnm
@@ -132,14 +134,19 @@
   ts    ::= # time since the epoch in seconds, ascii base10 notation;
   tz    ::= # GIT style timezone;
 
-     # note: comments may appear anywhere in the input, except
-     # within a data command.  Any form of the data command
-     # always escapes the related input from comment processing.
+     # note: comments, ls and cat requests may appear anywhere
+     # in the input, except within a data command.  Any form
+     # of the data command always escapes the related input
+     # from comment processing.
      #
      # In case it is not clear, the '#' that starts the comment
      # must be the first character on that line (an lf
      # preceded it).
      #
+
+  cat_blob ::= 'cat-blob' sp (hexsha1 | idnum) lf;
+  ls_tree  ::= 'ls' sp (hexsha1 | idnum) sp path_str lf;
+
   comment ::= '#' not_lf* lf;
   not_lf  ::= # Any byte that is not ASCII newline (LF);
 */
@@ -156,14 +163,14 @@
 #include "csum-file.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "dir.h"
 
 #define PACK_ID_BITS 16
 #define MAX_PACK_ID ((1<<PACK_ID_BITS)-1)
 #define DEPTH_BITS 13
 #define MAX_DEPTH ((1<<DEPTH_BITS)-1)
 
-struct object_entry
-{
+struct object_entry {
 	struct pack_idx_entry idx;
 	struct object_entry *next;
 	uint32_t type : TYPE_BITS,
@@ -171,16 +178,14 @@
 		depth : DEPTH_BITS;
 };
 
-struct object_entry_pool
-{
+struct object_entry_pool {
 	struct object_entry_pool *next_pool;
 	struct object_entry *next_free;
 	struct object_entry *end;
 	struct object_entry entries[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
 };
 
-struct mark_set
-{
+struct mark_set {
 	union {
 		struct object_entry *marked[1024];
 		struct mark_set *sets[1024];
@@ -188,57 +193,49 @@
 	unsigned int shift;
 };
 
-struct last_object
-{
+struct last_object {
 	struct strbuf data;
 	off_t offset;
 	unsigned int depth;
 	unsigned no_swap : 1;
 };
 
-struct mem_pool
-{
+struct mem_pool {
 	struct mem_pool *next_pool;
 	char *next_free;
 	char *end;
 	uintmax_t space[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
 };
 
-struct atom_str
-{
+struct atom_str {
 	struct atom_str *next_atom;
 	unsigned short str_len;
 	char str_dat[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
 };
 
 struct tree_content;
-struct tree_entry
-{
+struct tree_entry {
 	struct tree_content *tree;
 	struct atom_str *name;
-	struct tree_entry_ms
-	{
+	struct tree_entry_ms {
 		uint16_t mode;
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 	} versions[2];
 };
 
-struct tree_content
-{
+struct tree_content {
 	unsigned int entry_capacity; /* must match avail_tree_content */
 	unsigned int entry_count;
 	unsigned int delta_depth;
 	struct tree_entry *entries[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
 };
 
-struct avail_tree_content
-{
+struct avail_tree_content {
 	unsigned int entry_capacity; /* must match tree_content */
 	struct avail_tree_content *next_avail;
 };
 
-struct branch
-{
+struct branch {
 	struct branch *table_next_branch;
 	struct branch *active_next_branch;
 	const char *name;
@@ -250,16 +247,14 @@
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 };
 
-struct tag
-{
+struct tag {
 	struct tag *next_tag;
 	const char *name;
 	unsigned int pack_id;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 };
 
-struct hash_list
-{
+struct hash_list {
 	struct hash_list *next;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 };
@@ -270,8 +265,7 @@
 	WHENSPEC_NOW
 } whenspec_type;
 
-struct recent_command
-{
+struct recent_command {
 	struct recent_command *prev;
 	struct recent_command *next;
 	char *buf;
@@ -280,7 +274,6 @@
 /* Configured limits on output */
 static unsigned long max_depth = 10;
 static off_t max_packsize;
-static uintmax_t big_file_threshold = 512 * 1024 * 1024;
 static int force_update;
 static int pack_compression_level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
 static int pack_compression_seen;
@@ -325,6 +318,7 @@
 static const char *export_marks_file;
 static const char *import_marks_file;
 static int import_marks_file_from_stream;
+static int import_marks_file_ignore_missing;
 static int relative_marks_paths;
 
 /* Our last blob */
@@ -361,7 +355,15 @@
 static struct strbuf new_data = STRBUF_INIT;
 static int seen_data_command;
 
+/* Signal handling */
+static volatile sig_atomic_t checkpoint_requested;
+
+/* Where to write output of cat-blob commands */
+static int cat_blob_fd = STDOUT_FILENO;
+
 static void parse_argv(void);
+static void parse_cat_blob(void);
+static void parse_ls(struct branch *b);
 
 static void write_branch_report(FILE *rpt, struct branch *b)
 {
@@ -500,6 +502,32 @@
 	exit(128);
 }
 
+#ifndef SIGUSR1	/* Windows, for example */
+
+static void set_checkpoint_signal(void)
+{
+}
+
+#else
+
+static void checkpoint_signal(int signo)
+{
+	checkpoint_requested = 1;
+}
+
+static void set_checkpoint_signal(void)
+{
+	struct sigaction sa;
+
+	memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
+	sa.sa_handler = checkpoint_signal;
+	sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
+	sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
+	sigaction(SIGUSR1, &sa, NULL);
+}
+
+#endif
+
 static void alloc_objects(unsigned int cnt)
 {
 	struct object_entry_pool *b;
@@ -539,22 +567,17 @@
 {
 	unsigned int h = sha1[0] << 8 | sha1[1];
 	struct object_entry *e = object_table[h];
-	struct object_entry *p = NULL;
 
 	while (e) {
 		if (!hashcmp(sha1, e->idx.sha1))
 			return e;
-		p = e;
 		e = e->next;
 	}
 
 	e = new_object(sha1);
-	e->next = NULL;
+	e->next = object_table[h];
 	e->idx.offset = 0;
-	if (p)
-		p->next = e;
-	else
-		object_table[h] = e;
+	object_table[h] = e;
 	return e;
 }
 
@@ -839,6 +862,7 @@
 	p = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*p) + strlen(tmpfile) + 2);
 	strcpy(p->pack_name, tmpfile);
 	p->pack_fd = pack_fd;
+	p->do_not_close = 1;
 	pack_file = sha1fd(pack_fd, p->pack_name);
 
 	hdr.hdr_signature = htonl(PACK_SIGNATURE);
@@ -1437,6 +1461,20 @@
 	t->entry_count -= del;
 }
 
+static void tree_content_replace(
+	struct tree_entry *root,
+	const unsigned char *sha1,
+	const uint16_t mode,
+	struct tree_content *newtree)
+{
+	if (!S_ISDIR(mode))
+		die("Root cannot be a non-directory");
+	hashcpy(root->versions[1].sha1, sha1);
+	if (root->tree)
+		release_tree_content_recursive(root->tree);
+	root->tree = newtree;
+}
+
 static int tree_content_set(
 	struct tree_entry *root,
 	const char *p,
@@ -1444,7 +1482,7 @@
 	const uint16_t mode,
 	struct tree_content *subtree)
 {
-	struct tree_content *t = root->tree;
+	struct tree_content *t;
 	const char *slash1;
 	unsigned int i, n;
 	struct tree_entry *e;
@@ -1454,23 +1492,17 @@
 		n = slash1 - p;
 	else
 		n = strlen(p);
-	if (!slash1 && !n) {
-		if (!S_ISDIR(mode))
-			die("Root cannot be a non-directory");
-		hashcpy(root->versions[1].sha1, sha1);
-		if (root->tree)
-			release_tree_content_recursive(root->tree);
-		root->tree = subtree;
-		return 1;
-	}
 	if (!n)
 		die("Empty path component found in input");
 	if (!slash1 && !S_ISDIR(mode) && subtree)
 		die("Non-directories cannot have subtrees");
 
+	if (!root->tree)
+		load_tree(root);
+	t = root->tree;
 	for (i = 0; i < t->entry_count; i++) {
 		e = t->entries[i];
-		if (e->name->str_len == n && !strncmp(p, e->name->str_dat, n)) {
+		if (e->name->str_len == n && !strncmp_icase(p, e->name->str_dat, n)) {
 			if (!slash1) {
 				if (!S_ISDIR(mode)
 						&& e->versions[1].mode == mode
@@ -1523,7 +1555,7 @@
 	const char *p,
 	struct tree_entry *backup_leaf)
 {
-	struct tree_content *t = root->tree;
+	struct tree_content *t;
 	const char *slash1;
 	unsigned int i, n;
 	struct tree_entry *e;
@@ -1534,9 +1566,12 @@
 	else
 		n = strlen(p);
 
+	if (!root->tree)
+		load_tree(root);
+	t = root->tree;
 	for (i = 0; i < t->entry_count; i++) {
 		e = t->entries[i];
-		if (e->name->str_len == n && !strncmp(p, e->name->str_dat, n)) {
+		if (e->name->str_len == n && !strncmp_icase(p, e->name->str_dat, n)) {
 			if (slash1 && !S_ISDIR(e->versions[1].mode))
 				/*
 				 * If p names a file in some subdirectory, and a
@@ -1581,7 +1616,7 @@
 	const char *p,
 	struct tree_entry *leaf)
 {
-	struct tree_content *t = root->tree;
+	struct tree_content *t;
 	const char *slash1;
 	unsigned int i, n;
 	struct tree_entry *e;
@@ -1592,9 +1627,12 @@
 	else
 		n = strlen(p);
 
+	if (!root->tree)
+		load_tree(root);
+	t = root->tree;
 	for (i = 0; i < t->entry_count; i++) {
 		e = t->entries[i];
-		if (e->name->str_len == n && !strncmp(p, e->name->str_dat, n)) {
+		if (e->name->str_len == n && !strncmp_icase(p, e->name->str_dat, n)) {
 			if (!slash1) {
 				memcpy(leaf, e, sizeof(*leaf));
 				if (e->tree && is_null_sha1(e->versions[1].sha1))
@@ -1749,7 +1787,11 @@
 {
 	char line[512];
 	FILE *f = fopen(import_marks_file, "r");
-	if (!f)
+	if (f)
+		;
+	else if (import_marks_file_ignore_missing && errno == ENOENT)
+		return; /* Marks file does not exist */
+	else
 		die_errno("cannot read '%s'", import_marks_file);
 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
 		uintmax_t mark;
@@ -1790,7 +1832,7 @@
 		return EOF;
 	}
 
-	do {
+	for (;;) {
 		if (unread_command_buf) {
 			unread_command_buf = 0;
 		} else {
@@ -1823,9 +1865,14 @@
 			rc->prev->next = rc;
 			cmd_tail = rc;
 		}
-	} while (command_buf.buf[0] == '#');
-
-	return 0;
+		if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "cat-blob ")) {
+			parse_cat_blob();
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (command_buf.buf[0] == '#')
+			continue;
+		return 0;
+	}
 }
 
 static void skip_optional_lf(void)
@@ -2180,6 +2227,12 @@
 		p = uq.buf;
 	}
 
+	/* Git does not track empty, non-toplevel directories. */
+	if (S_ISDIR(mode) && !memcmp(sha1, EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN, 20) && *p) {
+		tree_content_remove(&b->branch_tree, p, NULL);
+		return;
+	}
+
 	if (S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
 		if (inline_data)
 			die("Git links cannot be specified 'inline': %s",
@@ -2218,6 +2271,10 @@
 				command_buf.buf);
 	}
 
+	if (!*p) {
+		tree_content_replace(&b->branch_tree, sha1, mode, NULL);
+		return;
+	}
 	tree_content_set(&b->branch_tree, p, sha1, mode, NULL);
 }
 
@@ -2276,6 +2333,13 @@
 		tree_content_get(&b->branch_tree, s, &leaf);
 	if (!leaf.versions[1].mode)
 		die("Path %s not in branch", s);
+	if (!*d) {	/* C "path/to/subdir" "" */
+		tree_content_replace(&b->branch_tree,
+			leaf.versions[1].sha1,
+			leaf.versions[1].mode,
+			leaf.tree);
+		return;
+	}
 	tree_content_set(&b->branch_tree, d,
 		leaf.versions[1].sha1,
 		leaf.versions[1].mode,
@@ -2541,6 +2605,8 @@
 			note_change_n(b, prev_fanout);
 		else if (!strcmp("deleteall", command_buf.buf))
 			file_change_deleteall(b);
+		else if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "ls "))
+			parse_ls(b);
 		else {
 			unread_command_buf = 1;
 			break;
@@ -2689,14 +2755,242 @@
 		unread_command_buf = 1;
 }
 
-static void parse_checkpoint(void)
+static void cat_blob_write(const char *buf, unsigned long size)
 {
+	if (write_in_full(cat_blob_fd, buf, size) != size)
+		die_errno("Write to frontend failed");
+}
+
+static void cat_blob(struct object_entry *oe, unsigned char sha1[20])
+{
+	struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
+	unsigned long size;
+	enum object_type type = 0;
+	char *buf;
+
+	if (!oe || oe->pack_id == MAX_PACK_ID) {
+		buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	} else {
+		type = oe->type;
+		buf = gfi_unpack_entry(oe, &size);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Output based on batch_one_object() from cat-file.c.
+	 */
+	if (type <= 0) {
+		strbuf_reset(&line);
+		strbuf_addf(&line, "%s missing\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		cat_blob_write(line.buf, line.len);
+		strbuf_release(&line);
+		free(buf);
+		return;
+	}
+	if (!buf)
+		die("Can't read object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	if (type != OBJ_BLOB)
+		die("Object %s is a %s but a blob was expected.",
+		    sha1_to_hex(sha1), typename(type));
+	strbuf_reset(&line);
+	strbuf_addf(&line, "%s %s %lu\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1),
+						typename(type), size);
+	cat_blob_write(line.buf, line.len);
+	strbuf_release(&line);
+	cat_blob_write(buf, size);
+	cat_blob_write("\n", 1);
+	free(buf);
+}
+
+static void parse_cat_blob(void)
+{
+	const char *p;
+	struct object_entry *oe = oe;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+
+	/* cat-blob SP <object> LF */
+	p = command_buf.buf + strlen("cat-blob ");
+	if (*p == ':') {
+		char *x;
+		oe = find_mark(strtoumax(p + 1, &x, 10));
+		if (x == p + 1)
+			die("Invalid mark: %s", command_buf.buf);
+		if (!oe)
+			die("Unknown mark: %s", command_buf.buf);
+		if (*x)
+			die("Garbage after mark: %s", command_buf.buf);
+		hashcpy(sha1, oe->idx.sha1);
+	} else {
+		if (get_sha1_hex(p, sha1))
+			die("Invalid SHA1: %s", command_buf.buf);
+		if (p[40])
+			die("Garbage after SHA1: %s", command_buf.buf);
+		oe = find_object(sha1);
+	}
+
+	cat_blob(oe, sha1);
+}
+
+static struct object_entry *dereference(struct object_entry *oe,
+					unsigned char sha1[20])
+{
+	unsigned long size;
+	char *buf = NULL;
+	if (!oe) {
+		enum object_type type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+		if (type < 0)
+			die("object not found: %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		/* cache it! */
+		oe = insert_object(sha1);
+		oe->type = type;
+		oe->pack_id = MAX_PACK_ID;
+		oe->idx.offset = 1;
+	}
+	switch (oe->type) {
+	case OBJ_TREE:	/* easy case. */
+		return oe;
+	case OBJ_COMMIT:
+	case OBJ_TAG:
+		break;
+	default:
+		die("Not a treeish: %s", command_buf.buf);
+	}
+
+	if (oe->pack_id != MAX_PACK_ID) {	/* in a pack being written */
+		buf = gfi_unpack_entry(oe, &size);
+	} else {
+		enum object_type unused;
+		buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &unused, &size);
+	}
+	if (!buf)
+		die("Can't load object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+
+	/* Peel one layer. */
+	switch (oe->type) {
+	case OBJ_TAG:
+		if (size < 40 + strlen("object ") ||
+		    get_sha1_hex(buf + strlen("object "), sha1))
+			die("Invalid SHA1 in tag: %s", command_buf.buf);
+		break;
+	case OBJ_COMMIT:
+		if (size < 40 + strlen("tree ") ||
+		    get_sha1_hex(buf + strlen("tree "), sha1))
+			die("Invalid SHA1 in commit: %s", command_buf.buf);
+	}
+
+	free(buf);
+	return find_object(sha1);
+}
+
+static struct object_entry *parse_treeish_dataref(const char **p)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_entry *e;
+
+	if (**p == ':') {	/* <mark> */
+		char *endptr;
+		e = find_mark(strtoumax(*p + 1, &endptr, 10));
+		if (endptr == *p + 1)
+			die("Invalid mark: %s", command_buf.buf);
+		if (!e)
+			die("Unknown mark: %s", command_buf.buf);
+		*p = endptr;
+		hashcpy(sha1, e->idx.sha1);
+	} else {	/* <sha1> */
+		if (get_sha1_hex(*p, sha1))
+			die("Invalid SHA1: %s", command_buf.buf);
+		e = find_object(sha1);
+		*p += 40;
+	}
+
+	while (!e || e->type != OBJ_TREE)
+		e = dereference(e, sha1);
+	return e;
+}
+
+static void print_ls(int mode, const unsigned char *sha1, const char *path)
+{
+	static struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	/* See show_tree(). */
+	const char *type =
+		S_ISGITLINK(mode) ? commit_type :
+		S_ISDIR(mode) ? tree_type :
+		blob_type;
+
+	if (!mode) {
+		/* missing SP path LF */
+		strbuf_reset(&line);
+		strbuf_addstr(&line, "missing ");
+		quote_c_style(path, &line, NULL, 0);
+		strbuf_addch(&line, '\n');
+	} else {
+		/* mode SP type SP object_name TAB path LF */
+		strbuf_reset(&line);
+		strbuf_addf(&line, "%06o %s %s\t",
+				mode, type, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		quote_c_style(path, &line, NULL, 0);
+		strbuf_addch(&line, '\n');
+	}
+	cat_blob_write(line.buf, line.len);
+}
+
+static void parse_ls(struct branch *b)
+{
+	const char *p;
+	struct tree_entry *root = NULL;
+	struct tree_entry leaf = {NULL};
+
+	/* ls SP (<treeish> SP)? <path> */
+	p = command_buf.buf + strlen("ls ");
+	if (*p == '"') {
+		if (!b)
+			die("Not in a commit: %s", command_buf.buf);
+		root = &b->branch_tree;
+	} else {
+		struct object_entry *e = parse_treeish_dataref(&p);
+		root = new_tree_entry();
+		hashcpy(root->versions[1].sha1, e->idx.sha1);
+		load_tree(root);
+		if (*p++ != ' ')
+			die("Missing space after tree-ish: %s", command_buf.buf);
+	}
+	if (*p == '"') {
+		static struct strbuf uq = STRBUF_INIT;
+		const char *endp;
+		strbuf_reset(&uq);
+		if (unquote_c_style(&uq, p, &endp))
+			die("Invalid path: %s", command_buf.buf);
+		if (*endp)
+			die("Garbage after path in: %s", command_buf.buf);
+		p = uq.buf;
+	}
+	tree_content_get(root, p, &leaf);
+	/*
+	 * A directory in preparation would have a sha1 of zero
+	 * until it is saved.  Save, for simplicity.
+	 */
+	if (S_ISDIR(leaf.versions[1].mode))
+		store_tree(&leaf);
+
+	print_ls(leaf.versions[1].mode, leaf.versions[1].sha1, p);
+	if (!b || root != &b->branch_tree)
+		release_tree_entry(root);
+}
+
+static void checkpoint(void)
+{
+	checkpoint_requested = 0;
 	if (object_count) {
 		cycle_packfile();
 		dump_branches();
 		dump_tags();
 		dump_marks();
 	}
+}
+
+static void parse_checkpoint(void)
+{
+	checkpoint_requested = 1;
 	skip_optional_lf();
 }
 
@@ -2718,7 +3012,8 @@
 	return strbuf_detach(&abs_path, NULL);
 }
 
-static void option_import_marks(const char *marks, int from_stream)
+static void option_import_marks(const char *marks,
+					int from_stream, int ignore_missing)
 {
 	if (import_marks_file) {
 		if (from_stream)
@@ -2732,6 +3027,7 @@
 	import_marks_file = make_fast_import_path(marks);
 	safe_create_leading_directories_const(import_marks_file);
 	import_marks_file_from_stream = from_stream;
+	import_marks_file_ignore_missing = ignore_missing;
 }
 
 static void option_date_format(const char *fmt)
@@ -2746,16 +3042,25 @@
 		die("unknown --date-format argument %s", fmt);
 }
 
+static unsigned long ulong_arg(const char *option, const char *arg)
+{
+	char *endptr;
+	unsigned long rv = strtoul(arg, &endptr, 0);
+	if (strchr(arg, '-') || endptr == arg || *endptr)
+		die("%s: argument must be a non-negative integer", option);
+	return rv;
+}
+
 static void option_depth(const char *depth)
 {
-	max_depth = strtoul(depth, NULL, 0);
+	max_depth = ulong_arg("--depth", depth);
 	if (max_depth > MAX_DEPTH)
 		die("--depth cannot exceed %u", MAX_DEPTH);
 }
 
 static void option_active_branches(const char *branches)
 {
-	max_active_branches = strtoul(branches, NULL, 0);
+	max_active_branches = ulong_arg("--active-branches", branches);
 }
 
 static void option_export_marks(const char *marks)
@@ -2764,6 +3069,14 @@
 	safe_create_leading_directories_const(export_marks_file);
 }
 
+static void option_cat_blob_fd(const char *fd)
+{
+	unsigned long n = ulong_arg("--cat-blob-fd", fd);
+	if (n > (unsigned long) INT_MAX)
+		die("--cat-blob-fd cannot exceed %d", INT_MAX);
+	cat_blob_fd = (int) n;
+}
+
 static void option_export_pack_edges(const char *edges)
 {
 	if (pack_edges)
@@ -2814,15 +3127,22 @@
 	if (!prefixcmp(feature, "date-format=")) {
 		option_date_format(feature + 12);
 	} else if (!prefixcmp(feature, "import-marks=")) {
-		option_import_marks(feature + 13, from_stream);
+		option_import_marks(feature + 13, from_stream, 0);
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(feature, "import-marks-if-exists=")) {
+		option_import_marks(feature + strlen("import-marks-if-exists="),
+					from_stream, 1);
 	} else if (!prefixcmp(feature, "export-marks=")) {
 		option_export_marks(feature + 13);
-	} else if (!prefixcmp(feature, "relative-marks")) {
+	} else if (!strcmp(feature, "cat-blob")) {
+		; /* Don't die - this feature is supported */
+	} else if (!strcmp(feature, "relative-marks")) {
 		relative_marks_paths = 1;
-	} else if (!prefixcmp(feature, "no-relative-marks")) {
+	} else if (!strcmp(feature, "no-relative-marks")) {
 		relative_marks_paths = 0;
-	} else if (!prefixcmp(feature, "force")) {
+	} else if (!strcmp(feature, "force")) {
 		force_update = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(feature, "notes") || !strcmp(feature, "ls")) {
+		; /* do nothing; we have the feature */
 	} else {
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -2885,10 +3205,6 @@
 		max_packsize = git_config_ulong(k, v);
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if (!strcmp(k, "core.bigfilethreshold")) {
-		long n = git_config_int(k, v);
-		big_file_threshold = 0 < n ? n : 0;
-	}
 	return git_default_config(k, v, cb);
 }
 
@@ -2911,6 +3227,11 @@
 		if (parse_one_feature(a + 2, 0))
 			continue;
 
+		if (!prefixcmp(a + 2, "cat-blob-fd=")) {
+			option_cat_blob_fd(a + 2 + strlen("cat-blob-fd="));
+			continue;
+		}
+
 		die("unknown option %s", a);
 	}
 	if (i != global_argc)
@@ -2953,9 +3274,12 @@
 	prepare_packed_git();
 	start_packfile();
 	set_die_routine(die_nicely);
+	set_checkpoint_signal();
 	while (read_next_command() != EOF) {
 		if (!strcmp("blob", command_buf.buf))
 			parse_new_blob();
+		else if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "ls "))
+			parse_ls(NULL);
 		else if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "commit "))
 			parse_new_commit();
 		else if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "tag "))
@@ -2974,6 +3298,9 @@
 			/* ignore non-git options*/;
 		else
 			die("Unsupported command: %s", command_buf.buf);
+
+		if (checkpoint_requested)
+			checkpoint();
 	}
 
 	/* argv hasn't been parsed yet, do so */
diff --git a/fetch-pack.h b/fetch-pack.h
index fbe85ac..0608eda 100644
--- a/fetch-pack.h
+++ b/fetch-pack.h
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef FETCH_PACK_H
 #define FETCH_PACK_H
 
-struct fetch_pack_args
-{
+struct fetch_pack_args {
 	const char *uploadpack;
 	int unpacklimit;
 	int depth;
diff --git a/fsck.c b/fsck.c
index 3d05d4a..60bd4bb 100644
--- a/fsck.c
+++ b/fsck.c
@@ -347,26 +347,14 @@
 int fsck_error_function(struct object *obj, int type, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	va_list ap;
-	int len;
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	strbuf_addf(&sb, "object %s:", obj->sha1?sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1):"(null)");
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "object %s:", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 
 	va_start(ap, fmt);
-	len = vsnprintf(sb.buf + sb.len, strbuf_avail(&sb), fmt, ap);
+	strbuf_vaddf(&sb, fmt, ap);
 	va_end(ap);
 
-	if (len < 0)
-		len = 0;
-	if (len >= strbuf_avail(&sb)) {
-		strbuf_grow(&sb, len + 2);
-		va_start(ap, fmt);
-		len = vsnprintf(sb.buf + sb.len, strbuf_avail(&sb), fmt, ap);
-		va_end(ap);
-		if (len >= strbuf_avail(&sb))
-			die("this should not happen, your snprintf is broken");
-	}
-
 	error("%s", sb.buf);
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
 	return 1;
diff --git a/generate-cmdlist.sh b/generate-cmdlist.sh
index 75c68d9..3ef4861 100755
--- a/generate-cmdlist.sh
+++ b/generate-cmdlist.sh
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
 echo "/* Automatically generated by $0 */
-struct cmdname_help
-{
+struct cmdname_help {
     char name[16];
     char help[80];
 };
diff --git a/gettext.c b/gettext.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae5394a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gettext.c
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2010 Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
+ */
+
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "gettext.h"
+
+int use_gettext_poison(void)
+{
+	static int poison_requested = -1;
+	if (poison_requested == -1)
+		poison_requested = getenv("GIT_GETTEXT_POISON") ? 1 : 0;
+	return poison_requested;
+}
diff --git a/gettext.h b/gettext.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..24d9182
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gettext.h
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2010-2011 Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
+ *
+ * This is a skeleton no-op implementation of gettext for Git.
+ * You can replace it with something that uses libintl.h and wraps
+ * gettext() to try out the translations.
+ */
+
+#ifndef GETTEXT_H
+#define GETTEXT_H
+
+#if defined(_) || defined(Q_)
+#error "namespace conflict: '_' or 'Q_' is pre-defined?"
+#endif
+
+#define FORMAT_PRESERVING(n) __attribute__((format_arg(n)))
+
+#ifdef GETTEXT_POISON
+extern int use_gettext_poison(void);
+#else
+#define use_gettext_poison() 0
+#endif
+
+static inline FORMAT_PRESERVING(1) const char *_(const char *msgid)
+{
+	return use_gettext_poison() ? "# GETTEXT POISON #" : msgid;
+}
+
+static inline FORMAT_PRESERVING(1) FORMAT_PRESERVING(2)
+const char *Q_(const char *msgid, const char *plu, unsigned long n)
+{
+	if (use_gettext_poison())
+		return "# GETTEXT POISON #";
+	return n == 1 ? msgid : plu;
+}
+
+/* Mark msgid for translation but do not translate it. */
+#define N_(msgid) msgid
+
+#endif
diff --git a/git-add--interactive.perl b/git-add--interactive.perl
index 77f60fa..8f0839d 100755
--- a/git-add--interactive.perl
+++ b/git-add--interactive.perl
@@ -45,6 +45,9 @@
 my $normal_color = $repo->get_color("", "reset");
 
 my $use_readkey = 0;
+my $use_termcap = 0;
+my %term_escapes;
+
 sub ReadMode;
 sub ReadKey;
 if ($repo->config_bool("interactive.singlekey")) {
@@ -53,6 +56,14 @@
 		Term::ReadKey->import;
 		$use_readkey = 1;
 	};
+	eval {
+		require Term::Cap;
+		my $termcap = Term::Cap->Tgetent;
+		foreach (values %$termcap) {
+			$term_escapes{$_} = 1 if /^\e/;
+		}
+		$use_termcap = 1;
+	};
 }
 
 sub colored {
@@ -89,6 +100,7 @@
 		TARGET => '',
 		PARTICIPLE => 'staging',
 		FILTER => 'file-only',
+		IS_REVERSE => 0,
 	},
 	'stash' => {
 		DIFF => 'diff-index -p HEAD',
@@ -98,6 +110,7 @@
 		TARGET => '',
 		PARTICIPLE => 'stashing',
 		FILTER => undef,
+		IS_REVERSE => 0,
 	},
 	'reset_head' => {
 		DIFF => 'diff-index -p --cached',
@@ -107,6 +120,7 @@
 		TARGET => '',
 		PARTICIPLE => 'unstaging',
 		FILTER => 'index-only',
+		IS_REVERSE => 1,
 	},
 	'reset_nothead' => {
 		DIFF => 'diff-index -R -p --cached',
@@ -116,6 +130,7 @@
 		TARGET => ' to index',
 		PARTICIPLE => 'applying',
 		FILTER => 'index-only',
+		IS_REVERSE => 0,
 	},
 	'checkout_index' => {
 		DIFF => 'diff-files -p',
@@ -125,6 +140,7 @@
 		TARGET => ' from worktree',
 		PARTICIPLE => 'discarding',
 		FILTER => 'file-only',
+		IS_REVERSE => 1,
 	},
 	'checkout_head' => {
 		DIFF => 'diff-index -p',
@@ -134,6 +150,7 @@
 		TARGET => ' from index and worktree',
 		PARTICIPLE => 'discarding',
 		FILTER => undef,
+		IS_REVERSE => 1,
 	},
 	'checkout_nothead' => {
 		DIFF => 'diff-index -R -p',
@@ -143,6 +160,7 @@
 		TARGET => ' to index and worktree',
 		PARTICIPLE => 'applying',
 		FILTER => undef,
+		IS_REVERSE => 0,
 	},
 );
 
@@ -698,7 +716,7 @@
 sub run_git_apply {
 	my $cmd = shift;
 	my $fh;
-	open $fh, '| git ' . $cmd;
+	open $fh, '| git ' . $cmd . " --recount --allow-overlap";
 	print $fh @_;
 	return close $fh;
 }
@@ -1001,10 +1019,12 @@
 	print $fh "# Manual hunk edit mode -- see bottom for a quick guide\n";
 	print $fh @$oldtext;
 	my $participle = $patch_mode_flavour{PARTICIPLE};
+	my $is_reverse = $patch_mode_flavour{IS_REVERSE};
+	my ($remove_plus, $remove_minus) = $is_reverse ? ('-', '+') : ('+', '-');
 	print $fh <<EOF;
 # ---
-# To remove '-' lines, make them ' ' lines (context).
-# To remove '+' lines, delete them.
+# To remove '$remove_minus' lines, make them ' ' lines (context).
+# To remove '$remove_plus' lines, delete them.
 # Lines starting with # will be removed.
 #
 # If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be
@@ -1041,7 +1061,7 @@
 
 sub diff_applies {
 	my $fh;
-	return run_git_apply($patch_mode_flavour{APPLY_CHECK} . ' --recount --check',
+	return run_git_apply($patch_mode_flavour{APPLY_CHECK} . ' --check',
 			     map { @{$_->{TEXT}} } @_);
 }
 
@@ -1058,6 +1078,14 @@
 		ReadMode 'cbreak';
 		my $key = ReadKey 0;
 		ReadMode 'restore';
+		if ($use_termcap and $key eq "\e") {
+			while (!defined $term_escapes{$key}) {
+				my $next = ReadKey 0.5;
+				last if (!defined $next);
+				$key .= $next;
+			}
+			$key =~ s/\e/^[/;
+		}
 		print "$key" if defined $key;
 		print "\n";
 		return $key;
@@ -1130,7 +1158,7 @@
 
 sub apply_patch {
 	my $cmd = shift;
-	my $ret = run_git_apply $cmd . ' --recount', @_;
+	my $ret = run_git_apply $cmd, @_;
 	if (!$ret) {
 		print STDERR @_;
 	}
@@ -1139,17 +1167,17 @@
 
 sub apply_patch_for_checkout_commit {
 	my $reverse = shift;
-	my $applies_index = run_git_apply 'apply '.$reverse.' --cached --recount --check', @_;
-	my $applies_worktree = run_git_apply 'apply '.$reverse.' --recount --check', @_;
+	my $applies_index = run_git_apply 'apply '.$reverse.' --cached --check', @_;
+	my $applies_worktree = run_git_apply 'apply '.$reverse.' --check', @_;
 
 	if ($applies_worktree && $applies_index) {
-		run_git_apply 'apply '.$reverse.' --cached --recount', @_;
-		run_git_apply 'apply '.$reverse.' --recount', @_;
+		run_git_apply 'apply '.$reverse.' --cached', @_;
+		run_git_apply 'apply '.$reverse, @_;
 		return 1;
 	} elsif (!$applies_index) {
 		print colored $error_color, "The selected hunks do not apply to the index!\n";
 		if (prompt_yesno "Apply them to the worktree anyway? ") {
-			return run_git_apply 'apply '.$reverse.' --recount', @_;
+			return run_git_apply 'apply '.$reverse, @_;
 		} else {
 			print colored $error_color, "Nothing was applied.\n";
 			return 0;
@@ -1357,14 +1385,13 @@
 				next;
 			}
 			elsif ($line =~ /^q/i) {
-				while ($ix < $num) {
-					if (!defined $hunk[$ix]{USE}) {
-						$hunk[$ix]{USE} = 0;
+				for ($i = 0; $i < $num; $i++) {
+					if (!defined $hunk[$i]{USE}) {
+						$hunk[$i]{USE} = 0;
 					}
-					$ix++;
 				}
 				$quit = 1;
-				next;
+				last;
 			}
 			elsif ($line =~ m|^/(.*)|) {
 				my $regex = $1;
diff --git a/git-am.sh b/git-am.sh
index df09b42..6cdd591 100755
--- a/git-am.sh
+++ b/git-am.sh
@@ -68,9 +68,31 @@
 
 stop_here () {
     echo "$1" >"$dotest/next"
+    git rev-parse --verify -q HEAD >"$dotest/abort-safety"
     exit 1
 }
 
+safe_to_abort () {
+	if test -f "$dotest/dirtyindex"
+	then
+		return 1
+	fi
+
+	if ! test -s "$dotest/abort-safety"
+	then
+		return 0
+	fi
+
+	abort_safety=$(cat "$dotest/abort-safety")
+	if test "z$(git rev-parse --verify -q HEAD)" = "z$abort_safety"
+	then
+		return 0
+	fi
+	echo >&2 "You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure."
+	echo >&2 "Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
+	return 1
+}
+
 stop_here_user_resolve () {
     if [ -n "$resolvemsg" ]; then
 	    printf '%s\n' "$resolvemsg"
@@ -419,10 +441,11 @@
 			exec git rebase --abort
 		fi
 		git rerere clear
-		test -f "$dotest/dirtyindex" || {
+		if safe_to_abort
+		then
 			git read-tree --reset -u HEAD ORIG_HEAD
 			git reset ORIG_HEAD
-		}
+		fi
 		rm -fr "$dotest"
 		exit ;;
 	esac
@@ -554,13 +577,6 @@
 	resume=
 fi
 
-if test "$this" -gt "$last"
-then
-	say Nothing to do.
-	rm -fr "$dotest"
-	exit
-fi
-
 while test "$this" -le "$last"
 do
 	msgnum=`printf "%0${prec}d" $this`
diff --git a/git-bisect.sh b/git-bisect.sh
index 6e2acb8..415a8d0 100755
--- a/git-bisect.sh
+++ b/git-bisect.sh
@@ -288,10 +288,12 @@
 
 	if test $# = 0
 	then
-		case "${DISPLAY+set}${SESSIONNAME+set}${MSYSTEM+set}${SECURITYSESSIONID+set}" in
-		'')	set git log ;;
-		set*)	set gitk ;;
-		esac
+		if test -n "${DISPLAY+set}${SESSIONNAME+set}${MSYSTEM+set}${SECURITYSESSIONID+set}" &&
+		   type gitk >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+			set gitk
+		else
+			set git log
+		fi
 	else
 		case "$1" in
 		git*|tig) ;;
@@ -316,7 +318,12 @@
 	*)
 	    usage ;;
 	esac
-	git checkout "$branch" -- && bisect_clean_state
+	if git checkout "$branch" -- ; then
+		bisect_clean_state
+	else
+		die "Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'." \
+				"Try 'git bisect reset <commit>'."
+	fi
 }
 
 bisect_clean_state() {
@@ -338,6 +345,7 @@
 }
 
 bisect_replay () {
+	test "$#" -eq 1 || die "No logfile given"
 	test -r "$1" || die "cannot read $1 for replaying"
 	bisect_reset
 	while read git bisect command rev
@@ -412,6 +420,10 @@
     done
 }
 
+bisect_log () {
+	test -s "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG" || die "We are not bisecting."
+	cat "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
+}
 
 case "$#" in
 0)
@@ -438,7 +450,7 @@
     replay)
 	bisect_replay "$@" ;;
     log)
-	cat "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG" ;;
+	bisect_log ;;
     run)
         bisect_run "$@" ;;
     *)
diff --git a/git-compat-util.h b/git-compat-util.h
index 2af8d3e..40498b3 100644
--- a/git-compat-util.h
+++ b/git-compat-util.h
@@ -31,6 +31,9 @@
 #define maximum_signed_value_of_type(a) \
     (INTMAX_MAX >> (bitsizeof(intmax_t) - bitsizeof(a)))
 
+#define maximum_unsigned_value_of_type(a) \
+    (UINTMAX_MAX >> (bitsizeof(uintmax_t) - bitsizeof(a)))
+
 /*
  * Signed integer overflow is undefined in C, so here's a helper macro
  * to detect if the sum of two integers will overflow.
@@ -40,6 +43,9 @@
 #define signed_add_overflows(a, b) \
     ((b) > maximum_signed_value_of_type(a) - (a))
 
+#define unsigned_add_overflows(a, b) \
+    ((b) > maximum_unsigned_value_of_type(a) - (a))
+
 #ifdef __GNUC__
 #define TYPEOF(x) (__typeof__(x))
 #else
@@ -104,9 +110,15 @@
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <regex.h>
 #include <utime.h>
+#include <syslog.h>
+#ifndef NO_SYS_POLL_H
+#include <sys/poll.h>
+#else
+#include <poll.h>
+#endif
 #ifndef __MINGW32__
 #include <sys/wait.h>
-#include <sys/poll.h>
+#include <sys/resource.h>
 #include <sys/socket.h>
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 #include <termios.h>
@@ -118,7 +130,11 @@
 #include <arpa/inet.h>
 #include <netdb.h>
 #include <pwd.h>
+#ifndef NO_INTTYPES_H
 #include <inttypes.h>
+#else
+#include <stdint.h>
+#endif
 #if defined(__CYGWIN__)
 #undef _XOPEN_SOURCE
 #include <grp.h>
@@ -199,7 +215,10 @@
 #define is_dir_sep(c) ((c) == '/')
 #endif
 
-#ifdef __GNUC__
+#if __HP_cc >= 61000
+#define NORETURN __attribute__((noreturn))
+#define NORETURN_PTR
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
 #define NORETURN __attribute__((__noreturn__))
 #define NORETURN_PTR __attribute__((__noreturn__))
 #elif defined(_MSC_VER)
@@ -386,6 +405,14 @@
 }
 #endif
 
+#ifdef NO_INET_PTON
+int inet_pton(int af, const char *src, void *dst);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef NO_INET_NTOP
+const char *inet_ntop(int af, const void *src, char *dst, size_t size);
+#endif
+
 extern void release_pack_memory(size_t, int);
 
 typedef void (*try_to_free_t)(size_t);
@@ -404,6 +431,7 @@
 extern int xdup(int fd);
 extern FILE *xfdopen(int fd, const char *mode);
 extern int xmkstemp(char *template);
+extern int xmkstemp_mode(char *template, int mode);
 extern int odb_mkstemp(char *template, size_t limit, const char *pattern);
 extern int odb_pack_keep(char *name, size_t namesz, unsigned char *sha1);
 
@@ -511,6 +539,19 @@
 #define fstat_is_reliable() 1
 #endif
 
+#ifndef va_copy
+/*
+ * Since an obvious implementation of va_list would be to make it a
+ * pointer into the stack frame, a simple assignment will work on
+ * many systems.  But let's try to be more portable.
+ */
+#ifdef __va_copy
+#define va_copy(dst, src) __va_copy(dst, src)
+#else
+#define va_copy(dst, src) ((dst) = (src))
+#endif
+#endif
+
 /*
  * Preserves errno, prints a message, but gives no warning for ENOENT.
  * Always returns the return value of unlink(2).
diff --git a/git-cvsimport.perl b/git-cvsimport.perl
index d27abfe..8d41610 100755
--- a/git-cvsimport.perl
+++ b/git-cvsimport.perl
@@ -90,23 +90,40 @@
 }
 
 # convert getopts specs for use by git config
+my %longmap = (
+	'A:' => 'authors-file',
+	'M:' => 'merge-regex',
+	'P:' => undef,
+	'R' => 'track-revisions',
+	'S:' => 'ignore-paths',
+);
+
 sub read_repo_config {
-    # Split the string between characters, unless there is a ':'
-    # So "abc:de" becomes ["a", "b", "c:", "d", "e"]
+	# Split the string between characters, unless there is a ':'
+	# So "abc:de" becomes ["a", "b", "c:", "d", "e"]
 	my @opts = split(/ *(?!:)/, shift);
 	foreach my $o (@opts) {
 		my $key = $o;
 		$key =~ s/://g;
 		my $arg = 'git config';
 		$arg .= ' --bool' if ($o !~ /:$/);
+		my $ckey = $key;
 
-        chomp(my $tmp = `$arg --get cvsimport.$key`);
+		if (exists $longmap{$o}) {
+			# An uppercase option like -R cannot be
+			# expressed in the configuration, as the
+			# variable names are downcased.
+			$ckey = $longmap{$o};
+			next if (! defined $ckey);
+			$ckey =~ s/-//g;
+		}
+		chomp(my $tmp = `$arg --get cvsimport.$ckey`);
 		if ($tmp && !($arg =~ /--bool/ && $tmp eq 'false')) {
-            no strict 'refs';
-            my $opt_name = "opt_" . $key;
-            if (!$$opt_name) {
-                $$opt_name = $tmp;
-            }
+			no strict 'refs';
+			my $opt_name = "opt_" . $key;
+			if (!$$opt_name) {
+				$$opt_name = $tmp;
+			}
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -210,6 +227,31 @@
 	return $self;
 }
 
+sub find_password_entry {
+	my ($cvspass, @cvsroot) = @_;
+	my ($file, $delim) = @$cvspass;
+	my $pass;
+	local ($_);
+
+	if (open(my $fh, $file)) {
+		# :pserver:cvs@mea.tmt.tele.fi:/cvsroot/zmailer Ah<Z
+		CVSPASSFILE:
+		while (<$fh>) {
+			chomp;
+			s/^\/\d+\s+//;
+			my ($w, $p) = split($delim,$_,2);
+			for my $cvsroot (@cvsroot) {
+				if ($w eq $cvsroot) {
+					$pass = $p;
+					last CVSPASSFILE;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		close($fh);
+	}
+	return $pass;
+}
+
 sub conn {
 	my $self = shift;
 	my $repo = $self->{'fullrep'};
@@ -242,19 +284,23 @@
 		if ($pass) {
 			$pass = $self->_scramble($pass);
 		} else {
-			open(H,$ENV{'HOME'}."/.cvspass") and do {
-				# :pserver:cvs@mea.tmt.tele.fi:/cvsroot/zmailer Ah<Z
-				while (<H>) {
-					chomp;
-					s/^\/\d+\s+//;
-					my ($w,$p) = split(/\s/,$_,2);
-					if ($w eq $rr or $w eq $rr2) {
-						$pass = $p;
-						last;
-					}
+			my @cvspass = ([$ENV{'HOME'}."/.cvspass", qr/\s/],
+				       [$ENV{'HOME'}."/.cvs/cvspass", qr/=/]);
+			my @loc = ();
+			foreach my $cvspass (@cvspass) {
+				my $p = find_password_entry($cvspass, $rr, $rr2);
+				if ($p) {
+					push @loc, $cvspass->[0];
+					$pass = $p;
 				}
-			};
-			$pass = "A" unless $pass;
+			}
+
+			if (1 < @loc) {
+				die("Multiple cvs password files have ".
+				    "entries for CVSROOT $opt_d: @loc");
+			} elsif (!$pass) {
+				$pass = "A";
+			}
 		}
 
 		my ($s, $rep);
@@ -349,7 +395,9 @@
 	$self->{'socketo'}->write("valid-requests\n");
 	$self->{'socketo'}->flush();
 
-	chomp(my $rep=$self->readline());
+	my $rep=$self->readline();
+	die "Failed to read from server" unless defined $rep;
+	chomp($rep);
 	if ($rep !~ s/^Valid-requests\s*//) {
 		$rep="<unknown>" unless $rep;
 		die "Expected Valid-requests from server, but got: $rep\n";
diff --git a/git-difftool--helper.sh b/git-difftool--helper.sh
index 524f5ea..0594bf7 100755
--- a/git-difftool--helper.sh
+++ b/git-difftool--helper.sh
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@
 	fi
 
 	if use_ext_cmd; then
+		export BASE
 		eval $GIT_DIFFTOOL_EXTCMD '"$LOCAL"' '"$REMOTE"'
 	else
 		run_merge_tool "$merge_tool"
diff --git a/git-difftool.perl b/git-difftool.perl
index e95e4ad..ced1615 100755
--- a/git-difftool.perl
+++ b/git-difftool.perl
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@
 	my @command = (exe('git'), 'diff');
 	my $skip_next = 0;
 	my $idx = -1;
+	my $prompt = '';
 	for my $arg (@ARGV) {
 		$idx++;
 		if ($skip_next) {
@@ -89,13 +90,11 @@
 			next;
 		}
 		if ($arg eq '-y' || $arg eq '--no-prompt') {
-			$ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT} = 'true';
-			delete $ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT};
+			$prompt = 'no';
 			next;
 		}
 		if ($arg eq '--prompt') {
-			$ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT} = 'true';
-			delete $ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT};
+			$prompt = 'yes';
 			next;
 		}
 		if ($arg eq '-h' || $arg eq '--help') {
@@ -103,6 +102,11 @@
 		}
 		push @command, $arg;
 	}
+	if ($prompt eq 'yes') {
+		$ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT} = 'true';
+	} elsif ($prompt eq 'no') {
+		$ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT} = 'true';
+	}
 	return @command
 }
 
diff --git a/git-gui/git-gui.sh b/git-gui/git-gui.sh
index 4617f29..fd6a43d 100755
--- a/git-gui/git-gui.sh
+++ b/git-gui/git-gui.sh
@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@
 		puts stderr "source    $name"
 		uplevel 1 real__source $name
 	}
+	if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "win32"} { console show }
 }
 
 ######################################################################
@@ -92,6 +93,25 @@
 
 package require msgcat
 
+# Check for Windows 7 MUI language pack (missed by msgcat < 1.4.4)
+if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "win32"
+	&& [package vcompare [package provide msgcat] 1.4.4] < 0
+} then {
+	proc _mc_update_locale {} {
+		set key {HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control Panel\Desktop}
+		if {![catch {
+			package require registry
+			set uilocale [registry get $key "PreferredUILanguages"]
+			msgcat::ConvertLocale [string map {- _} [lindex $uilocale 0]]
+		} uilocale]} {
+			if {[string length $uilocale] > 0} {
+				msgcat::mclocale $uilocale
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	_mc_update_locale
+}
+
 proc _mc_trim {fmt} {
 	set cmk [string first @@ $fmt]
 	if {$cmk > 0} {
@@ -138,6 +158,10 @@
 	set _trace 0
 }
 
+# variable for the last merged branch (useful for a default when deleting
+# branches).
+set _last_merged_branch {}
+
 proc shellpath {} {
 	global _shellpath env
 	if {[string match @@* $_shellpath]} {
@@ -444,6 +468,8 @@
 		set _nice [_which nice]
 		if {[catch {exec $_nice git version}]} {
 			set _nice {}
+		} elseif {[is_Windows] && [file dirname $_nice] ne [file dirname $::_git]} {
+			set _nice {}
 		}
 	}
 	if {$_nice ne {}} {
@@ -673,6 +699,7 @@
 if {[is_Windows]} {
 	wm iconbitmap . -default $oguilib/git-gui.ico
 	set ::tk::AlwaysShowSelection 1
+	bind . <Control-F2> {console show}
 
 	# Spoof an X11 display for SSH
 	if {![info exists env(DISPLAY)]} {
@@ -874,12 +901,19 @@
 	exit 1
 }
 
+proc get_trimmed_version {s} {
+    set r {}
+    foreach x [split $s -._] {
+        if {[string is integer -strict $x]} {
+            lappend r $x
+        } else {
+            break
+        }
+    }
+    return [join $r .]
+}
 set _real_git_version $_git_version
-regsub -- {[\-\.]dirty$} $_git_version {} _git_version
-regsub {\.[0-9]+\.g[0-9a-f]+$} $_git_version {} _git_version
-regsub {\.[a-zA-Z]+\.?[0-9]+$} $_git_version {} _git_version
-regsub {\.GIT$} $_git_version {} _git_version
-regsub {\.[a-zA-Z]+\.?[0-9]+$} $_git_version {} _git_version
+set _git_version [get_trimmed_version $_git_version]
 
 if {![regexp {^[1-9]+(\.[0-9]+)+$} $_git_version]} {
 	catch {wm withdraw .}
@@ -1183,13 +1217,22 @@
 # _gitdir exists, so try loading the config
 load_config 0
 apply_config
-# try to set work tree from environment, falling back to core.worktree
-if {[catch { set _gitworktree $env(GIT_WORK_TREE) }]} {
-	set _gitworktree [get_config core.worktree]
-	if {$_gitworktree eq ""} {
-		set _gitworktree [file dirname [file normalize $_gitdir]]
+
+# v1.7.0 introduced --show-toplevel to return the canonical work-tree
+if {[package vsatisfies $_git_version 1.7.0]} {
+	set _gitworktree [git rev-parse --show-toplevel]
+} else {
+	# try to set work tree from environment, core.worktree or use
+	# cdup to obtain a relative path to the top of the worktree. If
+	# run from the top, the ./ prefix ensures normalize expands pwd.
+	if {[catch { set _gitworktree $env(GIT_WORK_TREE) }]} {
+		set _gitworktree [get_config core.worktree]
+		if {$_gitworktree eq ""} {
+			set _gitworktree [file normalize ./[git rev-parse --show-cdup]]
+		}
 	}
 }
+
 if {$_prefix ne {}} {
 	if {$_gitworktree eq {}} {
 		regsub -all {[^/]+/} $_prefix ../ cdup
@@ -1428,13 +1471,17 @@
 		close $fd
 	}
 
-	set ls_others [list --exclude-per-directory=.gitignore]
-	if {[have_info_exclude]} {
-		lappend ls_others "--exclude-from=[gitdir info exclude]"
-	}
-	set user_exclude [get_config core.excludesfile]
-	if {$user_exclude ne {} && [file readable $user_exclude]} {
-		lappend ls_others "--exclude-from=$user_exclude"
+	if {[package vsatisfies $::_git_version 1.6.3]} {
+		set ls_others [list --exclude-standard]
+	} else {
+		set ls_others [list --exclude-per-directory=.gitignore]
+		if {[have_info_exclude]} {
+			lappend ls_others "--exclude-from=[gitdir info exclude]"
+		}
+		set user_exclude [get_config core.excludesfile]
+		if {$user_exclude ne {} && [file readable $user_exclude]} {
+			lappend ls_others "--exclude-from=[file normalize $user_exclude]"
+		}
 	}
 
 	set buf_rdi {}
@@ -1938,8 +1985,8 @@
 } -maskdata $filemask
 
 image create bitmap file_statechange -background white -foreground green -data {
-#define file_merge_width 14
-#define file_merge_height 15
+#define file_statechange_width 14
+#define file_statechange_height 15
 static unsigned char file_statechange_bits[] = {
    0xfe, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x02, 0x05, 0x02, 0x09, 0x02, 0x1f, 0x62, 0x10,
    0x62, 0x10, 0xba, 0x11, 0xba, 0x11, 0x62, 0x10, 0x62, 0x10, 0x02, 0x10,
@@ -1973,7 +2020,11 @@
 		{MD {mc "Staged for commit, missing"}}
 
 		{_T {mc "File type changed, not staged"}}
+		{MT {mc "File type changed, old type staged for commit"}}
+		{AT {mc "File type changed, old type staged for commit"}}
 		{T_ {mc "File type changed, staged"}}
+		{TM {mc "File type change staged, modification not staged"}}
+		{TD {mc "File type change staged, file missing"}}
 
 		{_O {mc "Untracked, not staged"}}
 		{A_ {mc "Staged for commit"}}
@@ -2861,7 +2912,8 @@
 	set s "usage: $::argv0 $::subcommand $::subcommand_args"
 	if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "win32"} {
 		wm withdraw .
-		tk_messageBox -icon info -title "Usage" -message $s
+		tk_messageBox -icon info -message $s \
+			-title [mc "Usage"]
 	} else {
 		puts stderr $s
 	}
@@ -2934,7 +2986,11 @@
 			if {[catch {
 					set head [git rev-parse --verify $head]
 				} err]} {
-				puts stderr $err
+				if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "win32"} {
+					tk_messageBox -icon error -title [mc Error] -message $err
+				} else {
+					puts stderr $err
+				}
 				exit 1
 			}
 		}
@@ -2973,18 +3029,19 @@
 citool -
 gui {
 	if {[llength $argv] != 0} {
-		puts -nonewline stderr "usage: $argv0"
-		if {$subcommand ne {gui}
-			&& [file tail $argv0] ne "git-$subcommand"} {
-			puts -nonewline stderr " $subcommand"
-		}
-		puts stderr {}
-		exit 1
+		usage
 	}
 	# fall through to setup UI for commits
 }
 default {
-	puts stderr "usage: $argv0 \[{blame|browser|citool}\]"
+	set err "usage: $argv0 \[{blame|browser|citool}\]"
+	if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "win32"} {
+		wm withdraw .
+		tk_messageBox -icon error -message $err \
+			-title [mc "Usage"]
+	} else {
+		puts stderr $err
+	}
 	exit 1
 }
 }
@@ -3286,6 +3343,7 @@
 	-xscrollcommand {.vpane.lower.diff.body.sbx set} \
 	-yscrollcommand {.vpane.lower.diff.body.sby set} \
 	-state disabled
+catch {$ui_diff configure -tabstyle wordprocessor}
 ${NS}::scrollbar .vpane.lower.diff.body.sbx -orient horizontal \
 	-command [list $ui_diff xview]
 ${NS}::scrollbar .vpane.lower.diff.body.sby -orient vertical \
@@ -3296,8 +3354,18 @@
 pack .vpane.lower.diff.header -side top -fill x
 pack .vpane.lower.diff.body -side bottom -fill both -expand 1
 
+foreach {n c} {0 black 1 red4 2 green4 3 yellow4 4 blue4 5 magenta4 6 cyan4 7 grey60} {
+	$ui_diff tag configure clr4$n -background $c
+	$ui_diff tag configure clri4$n -foreground $c
+	$ui_diff tag configure clr3$n -foreground $c
+	$ui_diff tag configure clri3$n -background $c
+}
+$ui_diff tag configure clr1 -font font_diffbold
+
+$ui_diff tag conf d_info -foreground blue -font font_diffbold
+
 $ui_diff tag conf d_cr -elide true
-$ui_diff tag conf d_@ -foreground blue -font font_diffbold
+$ui_diff tag conf d_@ -font font_diffbold
 $ui_diff tag conf d_+ -foreground {#00a000}
 $ui_diff tag conf d_- -foreground red
 
@@ -3316,13 +3384,13 @@
 	-foreground red \
 	-background ivory1
 
-$ui_diff tag conf d<<<<<<< \
+$ui_diff tag conf d< \
 	-foreground orange \
 	-font font_diffbold
-$ui_diff tag conf d======= \
+$ui_diff tag conf d= \
 	-foreground orange \
 	-font font_diffbold
-$ui_diff tag conf d>>>>>>> \
+$ui_diff tag conf d> \
 	-foreground orange \
 	-font font_diffbold
 
@@ -3498,8 +3566,8 @@
 			|| $current_diff_path eq {}
 			|| {__} eq $state
 			|| {_O} eq $state
-			|| {_T} eq $state
-			|| {T_} eq $state
+			|| [string match {?T} $state]
+			|| [string match {T?} $state]
 			|| [has_textconv $current_diff_path]} {
 			set s disabled
 		} else {
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/branch_rename.tcl b/git-gui/lib/branch_rename.tcl
index 6398877..6e510ec 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/branch_rename.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/branch_rename.tcl
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
 			return 1
 		}
 
-	grid $w.rename.oldname_l $w.rename.oldname_m -sticky w  -padx {0 5}
+	grid $w.rename.oldname_l $w.rename.oldname_m -sticky we -padx {0 5}
 	grid $w.rename.newname_l $w.rename.newname_t -sticky we -padx {0 5}
 	grid columnconfigure $w.rename 1 -weight 1
 	pack $w.rename -anchor nw -fill x -pady 5 -padx 5
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/browser.tcl b/git-gui/lib/browser.tcl
index c241572..a8c6223 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/browser.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/browser.tcl
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@
 		if {$browser_stack eq {}} {
 			regsub {:.*$} $browser_path {:} browser_path
 		} else {
-			regsub {/[^/]+$} $browser_path {} browser_path
+			regsub {/[^/]+/$} $browser_path {/} browser_path
 		}
 		set browser_status [mc "Loading %s..." $browser_path]
 		_ls $this [lindex $parent 0] [lindex $parent 1]
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/choose_repository.tcl b/git-gui/lib/choose_repository.tcl
index fae1192..657f7d5 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/choose_repository.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/choose_repository.tcl
@@ -214,14 +214,6 @@
 	}
 }
 
-proc _home {} {
-	if {[catch {set h $::env(HOME)}]
-		|| ![file isdirectory $h]} {
-		set h .
-	}
-	return $h
-}
-
 method _center {} {
 	set nx [winfo reqwidth $top]
 	set ny [winfo reqheight $top]
@@ -420,7 +412,7 @@
 	if {$local_path ne {}} {
 		set p [file dirname $local_path]
 	} else {
-		set p [_home]
+		set p [pwd]
 	}
 
 	set p [tk_chooseDirectory \
@@ -541,7 +533,7 @@
 	if {$origin_url ne {} && [file isdirectory $origin_url]} {
 		set p $origin_url
 	} else {
-		set p [_home]
+		set p [pwd]
 	}
 
 	set p [tk_chooseDirectory \
@@ -1042,7 +1034,7 @@
 	if {$local_path ne {}} {
 		set p $local_path
 	} else {
-		set p [_home]
+		set p [pwd]
 	}
 
 	set p [tk_chooseDirectory \
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/commit.tcl b/git-gui/lib/commit.tcl
index 7f459cd..5ce4687 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/commit.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/commit.tcl
@@ -161,11 +161,12 @@
 	#
 	set files_ready 0
 	foreach path [array names file_states] {
-		switch -glob -- [lindex $file_states($path) 0] {
+		set s $file_states($path)
+		switch -glob -- [lindex $s 0] {
 		_? {continue}
 		A? -
 		D? -
-		T_ -
+		T? -
 		M? {set files_ready 1}
 		_U -
 		U? {
@@ -452,7 +453,11 @@
 		}
 		AM -
 		AD -
+		AT -
+		TM -
+		TD -
 		MM -
+		MT -
 		MD {
 			set file_states($path) [list \
 				_[string index $m 1] \
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/diff.tcl b/git-gui/lib/diff.tcl
index c628750..cf8a95e 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/diff.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/diff.tcl
@@ -122,22 +122,22 @@
 	if {$merge_stages(2) eq {}} {
 		set is_conflict_diff 1
 		lappend current_diff_queue \
-			[list [mc "LOCAL: deleted\nREMOTE:\n"] d======= \
+			[list [mc "LOCAL: deleted\nREMOTE:\n"] d= \
 			    [list ":1:$current_diff_path" ":3:$current_diff_path"]]
 	} elseif {$merge_stages(3) eq {}} {
 		set is_conflict_diff 1
 		lappend current_diff_queue \
-			[list [mc "REMOTE: deleted\nLOCAL:\n"] d======= \
+			[list [mc "REMOTE: deleted\nLOCAL:\n"] d= \
 			    [list ":1:$current_diff_path" ":2:$current_diff_path"]]
 	} elseif {[lindex $merge_stages(1) 0] eq {120000}
 		|| [lindex $merge_stages(2) 0] eq {120000}
 		|| [lindex $merge_stages(3) 0] eq {120000}} {
 		set is_conflict_diff 1
 		lappend current_diff_queue \
-			[list [mc "LOCAL:\n"] d======= \
+			[list [mc "LOCAL:\n"] d= \
 			    [list ":1:$current_diff_path" ":2:$current_diff_path"]]
 		lappend current_diff_queue \
-			[list [mc "REMOTE:\n"] d======= \
+			[list [mc "REMOTE:\n"] d= \
 			    [list ":1:$current_diff_path" ":3:$current_diff_path"]]
 	} else {
 		start_show_diff $cont_info
@@ -208,32 +208,32 @@
 			$ui_diff insert end [append \
 				"* " \
 				[mc "Git Repository (subproject)"] \
-				"\n"] d_@
+				"\n"] d_info
 		} elseif {![catch {set type [exec file $path]}]} {
 			set n [string length $path]
 			if {[string equal -length $n $path $type]} {
 				set type [string range $type $n end]
 				regsub {^:?\s*} $type {} type
 			}
-			$ui_diff insert end "* $type\n" d_@
+			$ui_diff insert end "* $type\n" d_info
 		}
 		if {[string first "\0" $content] != -1} {
 			$ui_diff insert end \
 				[mc "* Binary file (not showing content)."] \
-				d_@
+				d_info
 		} else {
 			if {$sz > $max_sz} {
 				$ui_diff insert end [mc \
 "* Untracked file is %d bytes.
 * Showing only first %d bytes.
-" $sz $max_sz] d_@
+" $sz $max_sz] d_info
 			}
 			$ui_diff insert end $content
 			if {$sz > $max_sz} {
 				$ui_diff insert end [mc "
 * Untracked file clipped here by %s.
 * To see the entire file, use an external editor.
-" [appname]] d_@
+" [appname]] d_info
 			}
 		}
 		$ui_diff conf -state disabled
@@ -253,6 +253,19 @@
 	}
 }
 
+proc get_conflict_marker_size {path} {
+	set size 7
+	catch {
+		set fd_rc [eval [list git_read check-attr "conflict-marker-size" -- $path]]
+		set ret [gets $fd_rc line]
+		close $fd_rc
+		if {$ret > 0} {
+			regexp {.*: conflict-marker-size: (\d+)$} $line line size
+		}
+	}
+	return $size
+}
+
 proc start_show_diff {cont_info {add_opts {}}} {
 	global file_states file_lists
 	global is_3way_diff is_submodule_diff diff_active repo_config
@@ -268,6 +281,7 @@
 	set is_submodule_diff 0
 	set diff_active 1
 	set current_diff_header {}
+	set conflict_size [get_conflict_marker_size $path]
 
 	set cmd [list]
 	if {$w eq $ui_index} {
@@ -294,7 +308,7 @@
 	}
 
 	lappend cmd -p
-	lappend cmd --no-color
+	lappend cmd --color
 	if {$repo_config(gui.diffcontext) >= 1} {
 		lappend cmd "-U$repo_config(gui.diffcontext)"
 	}
@@ -329,10 +343,35 @@
 		-blocking 0 \
 		-encoding [get_path_encoding $path] \
 		-translation lf
-	fileevent $fd readable [list read_diff $fd $cont_info]
+	fileevent $fd readable [list read_diff $fd $conflict_size $cont_info]
 }
 
-proc read_diff {fd cont_info} {
+proc parse_color_line {line} {
+	set start 0
+	set result ""
+	set markup [list]
+	set regexp {\033\[((?:\d+;)*\d+)?m}
+	set need_reset 0
+	while {[regexp -indices -start $start $regexp $line match code]} {
+		foreach {begin end} $match break
+		append result [string range $line $start [expr {$begin - 1}]]
+		set pos [string length $result]
+		set col [eval [linsert $code 0 string range $line]]
+		set start [incr end]
+		if {$col eq "0" || $col eq ""} {
+			if {!$need_reset} continue
+			set need_reset 0
+		} else {
+			set need_reset 1
+		}
+		lappend markup $pos $col
+	}
+	append result [string range $line $start end]
+	if {[llength $markup] < 4} {set markup {}}
+	return [list $result $markup]
+}
+
+proc read_diff {fd conflict_size cont_info} {
 	global ui_diff diff_active is_submodule_diff
 	global is_3way_diff is_conflict_diff current_diff_header
 	global current_diff_queue
@@ -340,37 +379,53 @@
 
 	$ui_diff conf -state normal
 	while {[gets $fd line] >= 0} {
-		# -- Cleanup uninteresting diff header lines.
+		foreach {line markup} [parse_color_line $line] break
+		set line [string map {\033 ^} $line]
+
+		set tags {}
+
+		# -- Check for start of diff header.
+		if {   [string match {diff --git *}      $line]
+		    || [string match {diff --cc *}       $line]
+		    || [string match {diff --combined *} $line]} {
+			set ::current_diff_inheader 1
+		}
+
+		# -- Check for end of diff header (any hunk line will do this).
 		#
-		if {$::current_diff_inheader} {
-			if {   [string match {diff --git *}      $line]
-			    || [string match {diff --cc *}       $line]
-			    || [string match {diff --combined *} $line]
-			    || [string match {--- *}             $line]
-			    || [string match {+++ *}             $line]} {
-				append current_diff_header $line "\n"
-				continue
-			}
-		}
-		if {[string match {index *} $line]} continue
-		if {$line eq {deleted file mode 120000}} {
-			set line "deleted symlink"
-		}
-		set ::current_diff_inheader 0
+		if {[regexp {^@@+ } $line]} {set ::current_diff_inheader 0}
 
 		# -- Automatically detect if this is a 3 way diff.
 		#
 		if {[string match {@@@ *} $line]} {set is_3way_diff 1}
 
-		if {[string match {mode *} $line]
-			|| [string match {new file *} $line]
-			|| [regexp {^(old|new) mode *} $line]
-			|| [string match {deleted file *} $line]
-			|| [string match {deleted symlink} $line]
-			|| [string match {Binary files * and * differ} $line]
-			|| $line eq {\ No newline at end of file}
-			|| [regexp {^\* Unmerged path } $line]} {
-			set tags {}
+		if {$::current_diff_inheader} {
+
+			# -- These two lines stop a diff header and shouldn't be in there
+			if {   [string match {Binary files * and * differ} $line]
+			    || [regexp {^\* Unmerged path }                $line]} {
+				set ::current_diff_inheader 0
+			} else {
+				append current_diff_header $line "\n"
+			}
+
+			# -- Cleanup uninteresting diff header lines.
+			#
+			if {   [string match {diff --git *}      $line]
+			    || [string match {diff --cc *}       $line]
+			    || [string match {diff --combined *} $line]
+			    || [string match {--- *}             $line]
+			    || [string match {+++ *}             $line]
+			    || [string match {index *}           $line]} {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			# -- Name it symlink, not 120000
+			#    Note, that the original line is in $current_diff_header
+			regsub {^(deleted|new) file mode 120000} $line {\1 symlink} line
+
+		} elseif {   $line eq {\ No newline at end of file}} {
+			# -- Handle some special lines
 		} elseif {$is_3way_diff} {
 			set op [string range $line 0 1]
 			switch -- $op {
@@ -382,7 +437,9 @@
 			{- } {set tags d_-s}
 			{--} {set tags d_--}
 			{++} {
-				if {[regexp {^\+\+([<>]{7} |={7})} $line _g op]} {
+				set regexp [string map [list %conflict_size $conflict_size]\
+								{^\+\+([<>=]){%conflict_size}(?: |$)}]
+				if {[regexp $regexp $line _g op]} {
 					set is_conflict_diff 1
 					set line [string replace $line 0 1 {  }]
 					set tags d$op
@@ -398,10 +455,10 @@
 		} elseif {$is_submodule_diff} {
 			if {$line == ""} continue
 			if {[regexp {^Submodule } $line]} {
-				set tags d_@
+				set tags d_info
 			} elseif {[regexp {^\* } $line]} {
 				set line [string replace $line 0 1 {Submodule }]
-				set tags d_@
+				set tags d_info
 			} else {
 				set op [string range $line 0 2]
 				switch -- $op {
@@ -421,7 +478,9 @@
 			{@} {set tags d_@}
 			{-} {set tags d_-}
 			{+} {
-				if {[regexp {^\+([<>]{7} |={7})} $line _g op]} {
+				set regexp [string map [list %conflict_size $conflict_size]\
+								{^\+([<>=]){%conflict_size}(?: |$)}]
+				if {[regexp $regexp $line _g op]} {
 					set is_conflict_diff 1
 					set tags d$op
 				} else {
@@ -434,11 +493,23 @@
 			}
 			}
 		}
+		set mark [$ui_diff index "end - 1 line linestart"]
 		$ui_diff insert end $line $tags
 		if {[string index $line end] eq "\r"} {
 			$ui_diff tag add d_cr {end - 2c}
 		}
 		$ui_diff insert end "\n" $tags
+
+		foreach {posbegin colbegin posend colend} $markup {
+			set prefix clr
+			foreach style [split $colbegin ";"] {
+				if {$style eq "7"} {append prefix i; continue}
+				if {$style < 30 || $style > 47} {continue}
+				set a "$mark linestart + $posbegin chars"
+				set b "$mark linestart + $posend chars"
+				catch {$ui_diff tag add $prefix$style $a $b}
+			}
+		}
 	}
 	$ui_diff conf -state disabled
 
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/index.tcl b/git-gui/lib/index.tcl
index e9db0c4..5d7bbf2 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/index.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/index.tcl
@@ -103,8 +103,11 @@
 		set s $file_states($path)
 		switch -glob -- [lindex $s 0] {
 		A? {set new _O}
-		M? {set new _M}
+		MT -
+		TM -
 		T_ {set new _T}
+		M? {set new _M}
+		TD -
 		D_ {set new _D}
 		D? {set new _?}
 		?? {continue}
@@ -167,7 +170,10 @@
 		AD {set new __}
 		?D {set new D_}
 		_O -
+		AT -
 		AM {set new A_}
+		TM -
+		MT -
 		_T {set new T_}
 		_U -
 		U? {
@@ -261,7 +267,7 @@
 		switch -glob -- [lindex $file_states($path) 0] {
 		A? -
 		M? -
-		T_ -
+		T? -
 		D? {
 			lappend pathList $path
 			if {$path eq $current_diff_path} {
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/merge.tcl b/git-gui/lib/merge.tcl
index 5cded23..460d32f 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/merge.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/merge.tcl
@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@
 
 method _start {} {
 	global HEAD current_branch remote_url
+	global _last_merged_branch
 
 	set name [_rev $this]
 	if {$name eq {}} {
@@ -109,6 +110,7 @@
 	regsub ^refs/heads/ $branch {} branch
 	puts $fh "$cmit\t\tbranch '$branch' of $remote"
 	close $fh
+	set _last_merged_branch $branch
 
 	set cmd [list git]
 	lappend cmd merge
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/mergetool.tcl b/git-gui/lib/mergetool.tcl
index 3fe90e6..3c8e73b 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/mergetool.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/mergetool.tcl
@@ -175,48 +175,23 @@
 
 	# Build the command line
 	switch -- $tool {
-	kdiff3 {
+	araxis {
 		if {$base_stage ne {}} {
-			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" --auto --L1 "$MERGED (Base)" \
-				--L2 "$MERGED (Local)" --L3 "$MERGED (Remote)" -o "$MERGED" "$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"]
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -wait -merge -3 -a1 \
+				-title1:"'$MERGED (Base)'" -title2:"'$MERGED (Local)'" \
+				-title3:"'$MERGED (Remote)'" \
+				"$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED"]
 		} else {
-			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" --auto --L1 "$MERGED (Local)" \
-				--L2 "$MERGED (Remote)" -o "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"]
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -wait -2 \
+				 -title1:"'$MERGED (Local)'" -title2:"'$MERGED (Remote)'" \
+				 "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED"]
 		}
 	}
-	tkdiff {
+	bc3 {
 		if {$base_stage ne {}} {
-			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -a "$BASE" -o "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"]
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$BASE" -mergeoutput="$MERGED"]
 		} else {
-			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -o "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"]
-		}
-	}
-	meld {
-		set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"]
-	}
-	gvimdiff {
-		set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -f "$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"]
-	}
-	xxdiff {
-		if {$base_stage ne {}} {
-			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -X --show-merged-pane \
-					    -R {Accel.SaveAsMerged: "Ctrl-S"} \
-					    -R {Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"} \
-					    -R {Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"} \
-					    --merged-file "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$BASE" "$REMOTE"]
-		} else {
-			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -X --show-merged-pane \
-					    -R {Accel.SaveAsMerged: "Ctrl-S"} \
-					    -R {Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"} \
-					    -R {Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"} \
-					    --merged-file "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"]
-		}
-	}
-	opendiff {
-		if {$base_stage ne {}} {
-			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" -ancestor "$BASE" -merge "$MERGED"]
-		} else {
-			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" -merge "$MERGED"]
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" -mergeoutput="$MERGED"]
 		}
 	}
 	ecmerge {
@@ -235,6 +210,42 @@
 					"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$basename"]
 		}
 	}
+	gvimdiff {
+		set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -f "$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"]
+	}
+	kdiff3 {
+		if {$base_stage ne {}} {
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" --auto --L1 "$MERGED (Base)" \
+				--L2 "$MERGED (Local)" --L3 "$MERGED (Remote)" -o "$MERGED" "$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"]
+		} else {
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" --auto --L1 "$MERGED (Local)" \
+				--L2 "$MERGED (Remote)" -o "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"]
+		}
+	}
+	meld {
+		set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"]
+	}
+	opendiff {
+		if {$base_stage ne {}} {
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" -ancestor "$BASE" -merge "$MERGED"]
+		} else {
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" -merge "$MERGED"]
+		}
+	}
+	p4merge {
+		set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" "$BASE" "$REMOTE" "$LOCAL" "$MERGED"]
+	}
+	tkdiff {
+		if {$base_stage ne {}} {
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -a "$BASE" -o "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"]
+		} else {
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -o "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"]
+		}
+	}
+	vimdiff {
+		error_popup [mc "Not a GUI merge tool: '%s'" $tool]
+		return
+	}
 	winmerge {
 		if {$base_stage ne {}} {
 			# This tool does not support 3-way merges.
@@ -245,25 +256,21 @@
 				-dl "Theirs File" -dr "Mine File" "$REMOTE" "$LOCAL" "$MERGED"]
 		}
 	}
-	araxis {
+	xxdiff {
 		if {$base_stage ne {}} {
-			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -wait -merge -3 -a1 \
-				-title1:"'$MERGED (Base)'" -title2:"'$MERGED (Local)'" \
-				-title3:"'$MERGED (Remote)'" \
-				"$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED"]
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -X --show-merged-pane \
+					    -R {Accel.SaveAsMerged: "Ctrl-S"} \
+					    -R {Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"} \
+					    -R {Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"} \
+					    --merged-file "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$BASE" "$REMOTE"]
 		} else {
-			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -wait -2 \
-				 -title1:"'$MERGED (Local)'" -title2:"'$MERGED (Remote)'" \
-				 "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED"]
+			set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" -X --show-merged-pane \
+					    -R {Accel.SaveAsMerged: "Ctrl-S"} \
+					    -R {Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"} \
+					    -R {Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"} \
+					    --merged-file "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"]
 		}
 	}
-	p4merge {
-		set cmdline [list "$merge_tool_path" "$BASE" "$REMOTE" "$LOCAL" "$MERGED"]
-	}
-	vimdiff {
-		error_popup [mc "Not a GUI merge tool: '%s'" $tool]
-		return
-	}
 	default {
 		error_popup [mc "Unsupported merge tool '%s'" $tool]
 		return
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/remote.tcl b/git-gui/lib/remote.tcl
index b92b429..5e4e7f4 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/remote.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/remote.tcl
@@ -157,22 +157,7 @@
 	}
 
 	if {$enable} {
-		if {![winfo exists $fetch_m]} {
-			menu $remove_m
-			$remote_m insert 0 cascade \
-				-label [mc "Remove Remote"] \
-				-menu $remove_m
-
-			menu $prune_m
-			$remote_m insert 0 cascade \
-				-label [mc "Prune from"] \
-				-menu $prune_m
-
-			menu $fetch_m
-			$remote_m insert 0 cascade \
-				-label [mc "Fetch from"] \
-				-menu $fetch_m
-		}
+		make_sure_remote_submenues_exist $remote_m
 
 		$fetch_m add command \
 			-label $r \
@@ -222,6 +207,70 @@
 	}
 }
 
+proc make_sure_remote_submenues_exist {remote_m} {
+	set fetch_m $remote_m.fetch
+	set prune_m $remote_m.prune
+	set remove_m $remote_m.remove
+
+	if {![winfo exists $fetch_m]} {
+		menu $remove_m
+		$remote_m insert 0 cascade \
+			-label [mc "Remove Remote"] \
+			-menu $remove_m
+
+		menu $prune_m
+		$remote_m insert 0 cascade \
+			-label [mc "Prune from"] \
+			-menu $prune_m
+
+		menu $fetch_m
+		$remote_m insert 0 cascade \
+			-label [mc "Fetch from"] \
+			-menu $fetch_m
+	}
+}
+
+proc update_all_remotes_menu_entry {} {
+	global all_remotes
+
+	if {[git-version < 1.6.6]} { return }
+
+	set have_remote 0
+	foreach r $all_remotes {
+		incr have_remote
+	}
+
+	set remote_m .mbar.remote
+	set fetch_m $remote_m.fetch
+	set prune_m $remote_m.prune
+	if {$have_remote > 1} {
+		make_sure_remote_submenues_exist $remote_m
+		if {[$fetch_m entrycget end -label] ne "All"} {
+
+			$fetch_m insert end separator
+			$fetch_m insert end command \
+				-label "All" \
+				-command fetch_from_all
+
+			$prune_m insert end separator
+			$prune_m insert end command \
+				-label "All" \
+				-command prune_from_all
+		}
+	} else {
+		if {[winfo exists $fetch_m]} {
+			if {[$fetch_m entrycget end -label] eq "All"} {
+
+				delete_from_menu $fetch_m end
+				delete_from_menu $fetch_m end
+
+				delete_from_menu $prune_m end
+				delete_from_menu $prune_m end
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 proc populate_remotes_menu {} {
 	global all_remotes
 
@@ -229,6 +278,8 @@
 		add_fetch_entry $r
 		add_push_entry $r
 	}
+
+	update_all_remotes_menu_entry
 }
 
 proc add_single_remote {name location} {
@@ -244,6 +295,8 @@
 
 	add_fetch_entry $name
 	add_push_entry $name
+
+	update_all_remotes_menu_entry
 }
 
 proc delete_from_menu {menu name} {
@@ -264,8 +317,8 @@
 		unset repo_config(remote.$name.push)
 	}
 
-	set i [lsearch -exact all_remotes $name]
-	lreplace all_remotes $i $i
+	set i [lsearch -exact $all_remotes $name]
+	set all_remotes [lreplace $all_remotes $i $i]
 
 	set remote_m .mbar.remote
 	delete_from_menu $remote_m.fetch $name
@@ -273,4 +326,6 @@
 	delete_from_menu $remote_m.remove $name
 	# Not all remotes are in the push menu
 	catch { delete_from_menu $remote_m.push $name }
+
+	update_all_remotes_menu_entry
 }
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl b/git-gui/lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl
index f872a3d..fcc06d0 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@
 method _write_check_head {args} { set checktype head }
 
 method _write_head_list {args} {
-	global current_branch
+	global current_branch _last_merged_branch
 
 	$head_m delete 0 end
 	foreach abr $head_list {
@@ -267,6 +267,13 @@
 			set check_head $current_branch
 		}
 	}
+	set lmb [lsearch -exact -sorted $head_list $_last_merged_branch]
+	if {$lmb >= 0} {
+		$w.heads.l conf -state normal
+		$w.heads.l select set $lmb
+		$w.heads.l yview $lmb
+		$w.heads.l conf -state disabled
+	}
 }
 
 method _write_urltype {args} {
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/transport.tcl b/git-gui/lib/transport.tcl
index 60e3a64..7fad9b7 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/transport.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/transport.tcl
@@ -20,6 +20,35 @@
 	console::exec $w [list git remote prune $remote]
 }
 
+proc fetch_from_all {} {
+	set w [console::new \
+		[mc "fetch all remotes"] \
+		[mc "Fetching new changes from all remotes"]]
+
+	set cmd [list git fetch --all]
+	if {[is_config_true gui.pruneduringfetch]} {
+		lappend cmd --prune
+	}
+
+	console::exec $w $cmd
+}
+
+proc prune_from_all {} {
+	global all_remotes
+
+	set w [console::new \
+		[mc "remote prune all remotes"] \
+		[mc "Pruning tracking branches deleted from all remotes"]]
+
+	set cmd [list git remote prune]
+
+	foreach r $all_remotes {
+		lappend cmd $r
+	}
+
+	console::exec $w $cmd
+}
+
 proc push_to {remote} {
 	set w [console::new \
 		[mc "push %s" $remote] \
@@ -123,6 +152,7 @@
 		$w.source.l insert end $h
 		if {$h eq $current_branch} {
 			$w.source.l select set end
+			$w.source.l yview end
 		}
 	}
 	pack $w.source.l -side left -fill both -expand 1
@@ -135,7 +165,9 @@
 			-value remote \
 			-variable push_urltype
 		if {$use_ttk} {
-			ttk::combobox $w.dest.remote_m -textvariable push_remote \
+			ttk::combobox $w.dest.remote_m -state readonly \
+				-exportselection false \
+				-textvariable push_remote \
 				-values $all_remotes
 		} else {
 			eval tk_optionMenu $w.dest.remote_m push_remote $all_remotes
diff --git a/git-gui/po/glossary/pt_br.po b/git-gui/po/glossary/pt_br.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eb039b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/glossary/pt_br.po
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+# Translation of git-gui to Brazilian Portuguese
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce, et al.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the git-gui package.
+#
+# Alexandre Erwin Ittner <alexandre@ittner.com.br>, 2010.
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: git-gui\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-01-26 15:47-0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-18 11:09-0300\n"
+"Last-Translator: Alexandre Erwin Ittner <alexandre@ittner.com.br>\n"
+"Language-Team: Brazilian Portuguese <>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#. "English Definition (Dear translator: This file will never be visible to the user! It should only serve as a tool for you, the translator. Nothing more.)"
+msgid ""
+"English Term (Dear translator: This file will never be visible to the user!)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. ""
+msgid "amend"
+msgstr "corrigir"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "annotate"
+msgstr "anotar"
+
+#. "A 'branch' is an active line of development."
+msgid "branch [noun]"
+msgstr "ramo"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "branch [verb]"
+msgstr "ramificar"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "checkout [noun]"
+msgstr "checkout"
+
+#. "The action of updating the working tree to a revision which was stored in the object database."
+msgid "checkout [verb]"
+msgstr "efetuar checkout"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "clone [verb]"
+msgstr "clonar"
+
+#. "A single point in the git history."
+msgid "commit [noun]"
+msgstr "revisão"
+
+#. "The action of storing a new snapshot of the project's state in the git history."
+msgid "commit [verb]"
+msgstr "salvar revisão"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "diff [noun]"
+msgstr "diff"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "diff [verb]"
+msgstr "comparar"
+
+#. "A fast-forward is a special type of merge where you have a revision and you are merging another branch's changes that happen to be a descendant of what you have."
+msgid "fast forward merge"
+msgstr "mesclagem rápida"
+
+#. "Fetching a branch means to get the branch's head from a remote repository, to find out which objects are missing from the local object database, and to get them, too."
+msgid "fetch"
+msgstr "receber"
+
+#. "One context of consecutive lines in a whole patch, which consists of many such hunks"
+msgid "hunk"
+msgstr "trecho"
+
+#. "A collection of files. The index is a stored version of your working tree."
+msgid "index (in git-gui: staging area)"
+msgstr "índice"
+
+#. "A successful merge results in the creation of a new commit representing the result of the merge."
+msgid "merge [noun]"
+msgstr "mesclagem"
+
+#. "To bring the contents of another branch into the current branch."
+msgid "merge [verb]"
+msgstr "mesclar"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "message"
+msgstr "descrição da revisão"
+
+#. "Deletes all stale tracking branches under <name>. These stale branches have already been removed from the remote repository referenced by <name>, but are still locally available in 'remotes/<name>'."
+msgid "prune"
+msgstr "limpar"
+
+#. "Pulling a branch means to fetch it and merge it."
+msgid "pull"
+msgstr "receber e mesclar"
+
+#. "Pushing a branch means to get the branch's head ref from a remote repository, and ... (well, can someone please explain it for mere mortals?)"
+msgid "push"
+msgstr "enviar"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "redo"
+msgstr "refazer"
+
+#. "An other repository ('remote'). One might have a set of remotes whose branches one tracks."
+msgid "remote"
+msgstr "repositório remoto"
+
+#. "A collection of refs (?) together with an object database containing all objects which are reachable from the refs... (oops, you've lost me here. Again, please an explanation for mere mortals?)"
+msgid "repository"
+msgstr "repositório"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "reset"
+msgstr "descartar, redefinir"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "revert"
+msgstr "reverter"
+
+#. "A particular state of files and directories which was stored in the object database."
+msgid "revision"
+msgstr "revisão"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "sign off"
+msgstr "assinar embaixo"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "staging area"
+msgstr "???"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "status"
+msgstr "status"
+
+#. "A ref pointing to a tag or commit object"
+msgid "tag [noun]"
+msgstr "etiqueta"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "tag [verb]"
+msgstr "marcar etiqueta"
+
+#. "A regular git branch that is used to follow changes from another repository."
+msgid "tracking branch"
+msgstr "ramo de rastreamento"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "undo"
+msgstr "desfazer"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "update"
+msgstr "atualizar"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "verify"
+msgstr "verificar"
+
+#. "The tree of actual checked out files."
+msgid "working copy, working tree"
+msgstr "cópia de trabalho, árvore de trabalho"
diff --git a/git-gui/po/pt_br.po b/git-gui/po/pt_br.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b175b97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/pt_br.po
@@ -0,0 +1,2568 @@
+# Translation of git-gui to Brazilian Portuguese
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce, et al.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the git-gui package.
+#
+# Alexandre Erwin Ittner <alexandre@ittner.com.br>, 2010.
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: git-gui\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-01-26 15:47-0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-18 11:09-0300\n"
+"Last-Translator: Alexandre Erwin Ittner <alexandre@ittner.com.br>\n"
+"Language-Team: Brazilian Portuguese <>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:41 git-gui.sh:793 git-gui.sh:807 git-gui.sh:820 git-gui.sh:903
+#: git-gui.sh:922
+msgid "git-gui: fatal error"
+msgstr "git-gui: erro fatal"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:743
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid font specified in %s:"
+msgstr "Fonte inválida indicada em %s:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:779
+msgid "Main Font"
+msgstr "Fonte principal"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:780
+msgid "Diff/Console Font"
+msgstr "Fonte para o diff/console"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:794
+msgid "Cannot find git in PATH."
+msgstr "Impossível encontrar o git no \"PATH\""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:821
+msgid "Cannot parse Git version string:"
+msgstr "Impossível interpretar a versão do git:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:839
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Git version cannot be determined.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s claims it is version '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s requires at least Git 1.5.0 or later.\n"
+"\n"
+"Assume '%s' is version 1.5.0?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Não foi possível determinar a versão do git:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s afirmar que sua versão é \"%s\".\n"
+"\n"
+"%s exige o Git 1.5.0 ou posterior.\n"
+"\n"
+"Assumir que '%s' é a versão 1.5.0?\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1128
+msgid "Git directory not found:"
+msgstr "Diretório do Git não encontrado:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1146
+msgid "Cannot move to top of working directory:"
+msgstr "Impossível mover para o início do diretório de trabalho:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1154
+msgid "Cannot use bare repository:"
+msgstr "Impossível usar repositório puro:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1162
+msgid "No working directory"
+msgstr "Sem diretório de trabalho"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1334 lib/checkout_op.tcl:306
+msgid "Refreshing file status..."
+msgstr "Atualizando estado dos arquivos..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1390
+msgid "Scanning for modified files ..."
+msgstr "Procurando por arquivos modificados ..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1454
+msgid "Calling prepare-commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr "Executando hook \"prepare-commit-msg\"..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1471
+msgid "Commit declined by prepare-commit-msg hook."
+msgstr "O script \"prepare-commit-msg\" negou a criação de uma nova revisão"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1629 lib/browser.tcl:246
+msgid "Ready."
+msgstr "Pronto."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1787
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Displaying only %s of %s files."
+msgstr "Exibindo apenas %s de %s arquivos."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1913
+msgid "Unmodified"
+msgstr "Não modificado"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1915
+msgid "Modified, not staged"
+msgstr "Modificado, não marcado"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1916 git-gui.sh:1924
+msgid "Staged for commit"
+msgstr "Marcado para uma nova revisão"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1917 git-gui.sh:1925
+msgid "Portions staged for commit"
+msgstr "Trechos marcados para revisão"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1918 git-gui.sh:1926
+msgid "Staged for commit, missing"
+msgstr "Marcado para revisão, faltando"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1920
+msgid "File type changed, not staged"
+msgstr "Tipo do arquivo modificado, não marcado"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1921
+msgid "File type changed, staged"
+msgstr "Tipo do arquivo modificado, marcado"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1923
+msgid "Untracked, not staged"
+msgstr "Não monitorado, não marcado"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1928
+msgid "Missing"
+msgstr "Faltando"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1929
+msgid "Staged for removal"
+msgstr "Marcado para remoção"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1930
+msgid "Staged for removal, still present"
+msgstr "Marcado para remoção, ainda presente"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1932 git-gui.sh:1933 git-gui.sh:1934 git-gui.sh:1935
+#: git-gui.sh:1936 git-gui.sh:1937
+msgid "Requires merge resolution"
+msgstr "Requer resolução de conflitos"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1972
+msgid "Starting gitk... please wait..."
+msgstr "Iniciando gitk... Aguarde..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1984
+msgid "Couldn't find gitk in PATH"
+msgstr "Impossível encontrar o gitk no PATH"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2043
+msgid "Couldn't find git gui in PATH"
+msgstr "Impossível encontrar o \"git gui\" no PATH"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2455 lib/choose_repository.tcl:36
+msgid "Repository"
+msgstr "Repositório"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2456
+msgid "Edit"
+msgstr "Editar"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2458 lib/choose_rev.tcl:561
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "Ramo"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2461 lib/choose_rev.tcl:548
+msgid "Commit@@noun"
+msgstr "Revisão"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2464 lib/merge.tcl:121 lib/merge.tcl:150 lib/merge.tcl:168
+msgid "Merge"
+msgstr "Mesclar"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2465 lib/choose_rev.tcl:557
+msgid "Remote"
+msgstr "Remoto"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2468
+msgid "Tools"
+msgstr "Ferramentas"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2477
+msgid "Explore Working Copy"
+msgstr "Explorar cópia de trabalho"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2483
+msgid "Browse Current Branch's Files"
+msgstr "Explorar arquivos do ramo atual"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2487
+msgid "Browse Branch Files..."
+msgstr "Explorar arquivos do ramo..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2492
+msgid "Visualize Current Branch's History"
+msgstr "Visualizar histórico do ramo atual"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2496
+msgid "Visualize All Branch History"
+msgstr "Visualizar histórico de todos os ramos"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2503
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Browse %s's Files"
+msgstr "Explorar arquivos de %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2505
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Visualize %s's History"
+msgstr "Visualizar histórico de %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2510 lib/database.tcl:27 lib/database.tcl:67
+msgid "Database Statistics"
+msgstr "Estatísticas do banco de dados"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2513 lib/database.tcl:34
+msgid "Compress Database"
+msgstr "Compactar banco de dados"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2516
+msgid "Verify Database"
+msgstr "Verificar banco de dados"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2523 git-gui.sh:2527 git-gui.sh:2531 lib/shortcut.tcl:8
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:40 lib/shortcut.tcl:72
+msgid "Create Desktop Icon"
+msgstr "Criar ícone na área de trabalho"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2539 lib/choose_repository.tcl:183 lib/choose_repository.tcl:191
+msgid "Quit"
+msgstr "Sair"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2547
+msgid "Undo"
+msgstr "Desfazer"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2550
+msgid "Redo"
+msgstr "Refazer"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2554 git-gui.sh:3109
+msgid "Cut"
+msgstr "Recortar"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2557 git-gui.sh:3112 git-gui.sh:3186 git-gui.sh:3259
+#: lib/console.tcl:69
+msgid "Copy"
+msgstr "Copiar"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2560 git-gui.sh:3115
+msgid "Paste"
+msgstr "Colar"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2563 git-gui.sh:3118 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:38
+msgid "Delete"
+msgstr "Apagar"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2567 git-gui.sh:3122 git-gui.sh:3263 lib/console.tcl:71
+msgid "Select All"
+msgstr "Selecionar tudo"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2576
+msgid "Create..."
+msgstr "Criar..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2582
+msgid "Checkout..."
+msgstr "Checkout..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2588
+msgid "Rename..."
+msgstr "Renomear..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2593
+msgid "Delete..."
+msgstr "Apagar..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2598
+msgid "Reset..."
+msgstr "Redefinir..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2608
+msgid "Done"
+msgstr "Pronto"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2610
+msgid "Commit@@verb"
+msgstr "Salvar revisão"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2619 git-gui.sh:3050
+msgid "New Commit"
+msgstr "Nova revisão"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2627 git-gui.sh:3057
+msgid "Amend Last Commit"
+msgstr "Corrigir última revisão"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2637 git-gui.sh:3011 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
+msgid "Rescan"
+msgstr "Atualizar"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2643
+msgid "Stage To Commit"
+msgstr "Marcar para revisão"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2649
+msgid "Stage Changed Files To Commit"
+msgstr "Marcar arquivos modificados"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2655
+msgid "Unstage From Commit"
+msgstr "Desmarcar"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2661 lib/index.tcl:412
+msgid "Revert Changes"
+msgstr "Reverter mudanças"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2669 git-gui.sh:3310 git-gui.sh:3341
+msgid "Show Less Context"
+msgstr "Mostrar menos contexto"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2673 git-gui.sh:3314 git-gui.sh:3345
+msgid "Show More Context"
+msgstr "Mostrar mais contexto"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2680 git-gui.sh:3024 git-gui.sh:3133
+msgid "Sign Off"
+msgstr "Assinar embaixo"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2696
+msgid "Local Merge..."
+msgstr "Mesclar localmente..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2701
+msgid "Abort Merge..."
+msgstr "Abortar mesclagem..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2713 git-gui.sh:2741
+msgid "Add..."
+msgstr "Adicionar..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2717
+msgid "Push..."
+msgstr "Enviar..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2721
+msgid "Delete Branch..."
+msgstr "Apagar ramo..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2731 git-gui.sh:3292
+msgid "Options..."
+msgstr "Opções..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2742
+msgid "Remove..."
+msgstr "Remover..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2751 lib/choose_repository.tcl:50
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr "Ajuda"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2755 git-gui.sh:2759 lib/about.tcl:14
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:44 lib/choose_repository.tcl:53
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "About %s"
+msgstr "Sobre o %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2783
+msgid "Online Documentation"
+msgstr "Ajuda online"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2786 lib/choose_repository.tcl:47 lib/choose_repository.tcl:56
+msgid "Show SSH Key"
+msgstr "Mostrar chave SSH"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2893
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
+msgstr ""
+"erro fatal: impossível executar \"stat\" em  %s: Arquivo ou diretório não "
+"encontrado"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2926
+msgid "Current Branch:"
+msgstr "Ramo atual:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2947
+msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
+msgstr "Mudanças marcadas"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2967
+msgid "Unstaged Changes"
+msgstr "Mudanças não marcadas"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3017
+msgid "Stage Changed"
+msgstr "Marcar alterados"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3036 lib/transport.tcl:104 lib/transport.tcl:193
+msgid "Push"
+msgstr "Enviar"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3071
+msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Descrição da revisão inicial:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3072
+msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Descrição da revisão corrigida:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3073
+msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Descrição da revisão inicial corrigida:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3074
+msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Descrição da revisão de mescla corrigida:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3075
+msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Descrição da revisão de mescla:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3076
+msgid "Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Descrição da revisão:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3125 git-gui.sh:3267 lib/console.tcl:73
+msgid "Copy All"
+msgstr "Copiar todos"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3149 lib/blame.tcl:104
+msgid "File:"
+msgstr "Arquivo:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3255
+msgid "Refresh"
+msgstr "Atualizar"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3276
+msgid "Decrease Font Size"
+msgstr "Reduzir tamanho da fonte"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3280
+msgid "Increase Font Size"
+msgstr "Aumentar tamanho da fonte"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3288 lib/blame.tcl:281
+msgid "Encoding"
+msgstr "Codificação"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3299
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
+msgstr "Aplicar/reverter trecho"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3304
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Line"
+msgstr "Aplicar/reverter linha"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3323
+msgid "Run Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Executar ferramenta de mescla"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3328
+msgid "Use Remote Version"
+msgstr "Usar versão remota"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3332
+msgid "Use Local Version"
+msgstr "Usar versão local"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3336
+msgid "Revert To Base"
+msgstr "Reverter para a versão-base"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3354
+msgid "Visualize These Changes In The Submodule"
+msgstr "Visualizar estas mudanças no sub-módulo"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3358
+msgid "Visualize Current Branch History In The Submodule"
+msgstr "Visualizar histórico do ramo atual no sub-módulo"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3362
+msgid "Visualize All Branch History In The Submodule"
+msgstr "Visualizar histórico de todos os camos no sub-módulo"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3367
+msgid "Start git gui In The Submodule"
+msgstr "Iniciar \"git gui\" no sub-módulo"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3389
+msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
+msgstr "Desmarcar trecho para revisão"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3391
+msgid "Unstage Lines From Commit"
+msgstr "Desmarcar linhas para revisão"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3393
+msgid "Unstage Line From Commit"
+msgstr "Desmarcar linha para revisão"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3396
+msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
+msgstr "Marcar trecho para revisão"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3398
+msgid "Stage Lines For Commit"
+msgstr "Marcar linhas para revisão"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3400
+msgid "Stage Line For Commit"
+msgstr "Marcar linha para revisão"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3424
+msgid "Initializing..."
+msgstr "Iniciando..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3541
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Possible environment issues exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"The following environment variables are probably\n"
+"going to be ignored by any Git subprocess run\n"
+"by %s:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Possíveis problemas com as variáveis de ambiente.\n"
+"\n"
+"As seguintes variáveis de ambiente provavelmente serão\n"
+"ignoradas por qualquer sub-processo do Git executado por\n"
+"%s:\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3570
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"This is due to a known issue with the\n"
+"Tcl binary distributed by Cygwin."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Isto se deve a um problema conhecido com os binários da Tcl \n"
+"distribuídos com o Cygwin"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3575
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"A good replacement for %s\n"
+"is placing values for the user.name and\n"
+"user.email settings into your personal\n"
+"~/.gitconfig file.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"Uma boa alternativa para %s\n"
+"é colocar os valores para o nome de usuário e e-mail\n"
+"no seu arquivo \"~/.gitconfig\"\n"
+
+#: lib/about.tcl:26
+msgid "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."
+msgstr "git-gui - uma interface gráfica para o Git"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:72
+msgid "File Viewer"
+msgstr "Visualizador de arquivos"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:78
+msgid "Commit:"
+msgstr "Revisão:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:271
+msgid "Copy Commit"
+msgstr "Copiar revisão"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:275
+msgid "Find Text..."
+msgstr "Procurar texto..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:284
+msgid "Do Full Copy Detection"
+msgstr "Executar detecção completa de cópias"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:288
+msgid "Show History Context"
+msgstr "Mostrar contexto do histórico"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:291
+msgid "Blame Parent Commit"
+msgstr "Anotar revisão anterior"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:450
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reading %s..."
+msgstr "Lendo %s..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:557
+msgid "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."
+msgstr "Carregando anotações de cópia/movimentação..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:577
+msgid "lines annotated"
+msgstr "linhas anotadas"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:769
+msgid "Loading original location annotations..."
+msgstr "Carregando anotações originais..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:772
+msgid "Annotation complete."
+msgstr "Anotação completa."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:802
+msgid "Busy"
+msgstr "Ocupado"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:803
+msgid "Annotation process is already running."
+msgstr "O processo de anotação já está em execução"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:842
+msgid "Running thorough copy detection..."
+msgstr "Executando detecção de cópia..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:910
+msgid "Loading annotation..."
+msgstr "Carregando anotações..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:963
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "Autor:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:967
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "Revisor:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:972
+msgid "Original File:"
+msgstr "Arquivo original:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1020
+msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
+msgstr "Impossível encontrar revisão HEAD:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1075
+msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
+msgstr "Impossível encontrar revisão anterior:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1090
+msgid "Unable to display parent"
+msgstr "Impossível exibir revisão anterior"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1091 lib/diff.tcl:320
+msgid "Error loading diff:"
+msgstr "Erro ao carregar as diferenças:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1231
+msgid "Originally By:"
+msgstr "Originalmente por:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1237
+msgid "In File:"
+msgstr "No arquivo:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1242
+msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
+msgstr "Copiado ou movido para cá por:"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:14 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:19
+msgid "Checkout Branch"
+msgstr "Efetuar checkout do ramo"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:23
+msgid "Checkout"
+msgstr "Checkout"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:27 lib/branch_create.tcl:35
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:32 lib/branch_rename.tcl:30 lib/browser.tcl:282
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:579 lib/choose_font.tcl:43 lib/merge.tcl:172
+#: lib/option.tcl:125 lib/remote_add.tcl:32 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:42
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:40 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:204 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:352
+#: lib/transport.tcl:108
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "Cancelar"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:32 lib/browser.tcl:287 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:328
+msgid "Revision"
+msgstr "Revisão"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:36 lib/branch_create.tcl:69 lib/option.tcl:280
+msgid "Options"
+msgstr "Opções"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:39 lib/branch_create.tcl:92
+msgid "Fetch Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Obter ramo de rastreamento"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:44
+msgid "Detach From Local Branch"
+msgstr "Separar do ramo local"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:22
+msgid "Create Branch"
+msgstr "Criar ramo"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:27
+msgid "Create New Branch"
+msgstr "Criar novo ramo"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:31 lib/choose_repository.tcl:381
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "Criar"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:40
+msgid "Branch Name"
+msgstr "Nome do ramo"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:43 lib/remote_add.tcl:39 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:50
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "Nome:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:58
+msgid "Match Tracking Branch Name"
+msgstr "Coincidir nome do ramo de rastreamento"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:66
+msgid "Starting Revision"
+msgstr "Revisão inicial"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:72
+msgid "Update Existing Branch:"
+msgstr "Atualizar ramo existente:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:75
+msgid "No"
+msgstr "Não"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:80
+msgid "Fast Forward Only"
+msgstr "Somente se for um avanço rápido"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:85 lib/checkout_op.tcl:571
+msgid "Reset"
+msgstr "Redefinir"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:97
+msgid "Checkout After Creation"
+msgstr "Efetuar checkout após a criação"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:131
+msgid "Please select a tracking branch."
+msgstr "Selecione um ramo de rastreamento."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:140
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository."
+msgstr "O ramo de rastreamento %s não é um ramo do repositório remoto."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:153 lib/branch_rename.tcl:86
+msgid "Please supply a branch name."
+msgstr "Indique um nome para o ramo."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:164 lib/branch_rename.tcl:106
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name."
+msgstr "\"%s\" não é um nome de ramo válido"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:15
+msgid "Delete Branch"
+msgstr "Apagar ramo"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:20
+msgid "Delete Local Branch"
+msgstr "Apagar ramo local"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:37
+msgid "Local Branches"
+msgstr "Ramos locais"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:52
+msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
+msgstr "Apagar somente se mesclado em"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:54 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:119
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
+msgstr "Forçar exclusão (não verificar se o ramo foi mesclado)"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:103
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
+msgstr "Os ramos seguintes não foram completamente mesclados em %s:"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:115 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:217
+msgid ""
+"Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
+"\n"
+"Delete the selected branches?"
+msgstr ""
+"Recuperar ramos apagados é difícil.\n"
+"\n"
+"Apagar os ramos selecionados?"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to delete branches:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Erro ao apagar ramos:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:14 lib/branch_rename.tcl:22
+msgid "Rename Branch"
+msgstr "Renomear ramo"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:26
+msgid "Rename"
+msgstr "Renomear"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:36
+msgid "Branch:"
+msgstr "Ramo:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:39
+msgid "New Name:"
+msgstr "Novo nome:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:75
+msgid "Please select a branch to rename."
+msgstr "Selecione um ramo para renomear."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:96 lib/checkout_op.tcl:202
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "O ramo \"%s\" já existe."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:117
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to rename '%s'."
+msgstr "Erro ao renomear \"%s\"."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:17
+msgid "Starting..."
+msgstr "Inciando..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:26
+msgid "File Browser"
+msgstr "Navegador de arquivos"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:126 lib/browser.tcl:143
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading %s..."
+msgstr "Carregando %s..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:187
+msgid "[Up To Parent]"
+msgstr "[Subir]"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:267 lib/browser.tcl:273
+msgid "Browse Branch Files"
+msgstr "Explorar arquivos do ramo"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:278 lib/choose_repository.tcl:398
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:486 lib/choose_repository.tcl:497
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1028
+msgid "Browse"
+msgstr "Explorar"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:85
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching %s from %s"
+msgstr "Obtendo %s de %s"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:133
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: Cannot resolve %s"
+msgstr "Erro fatal: impossível resolver %s"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:146 lib/console.tcl:81 lib/database.tcl:31
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:53
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "Fechar"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:175
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' does not exist."
+msgstr "O ramo \"%s\" não existe."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:194
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to configure simplified git-pull for '%s'."
+msgstr "Erro ao configurar git-pull simplificado para \"%s\"."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:229
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Branch '%s' already exists.\n"
+"\n"
+"It cannot fast-forward to %s.\n"
+"A merge is required."
+msgstr ""
+"O ramo \"%s\" já existe.\n"
+"\n"
+"Não é possível avançá-lo para %s.\n"
+"É preciso mesclar."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:243
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge strategy '%s' not supported."
+msgstr "Estratégia de mesclagem \"%s\" não suportada."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:262
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to update '%s'."
+msgstr "Erro ao atualizar \"%s\"."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:274
+msgid "Staging area (index) is already locked."
+msgstr "A área de marcação (staging area, index) já está bloqueada."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:289
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before the current branch can be changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"O último estado lido não confere com o estado atual.\n"
+"\n"
+"Outro programa do Git modificou o repositório desde a última leitura. Uma "
+"atualização deve ser executada antes de alterar o ramo atual.\n"
+"\n"
+"A atualização começará automaticamente agora.\n"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:345
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Updating working directory to '%s'..."
+msgstr "Atualizando diretório de trabalho para \"%s\"..."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:346
+msgid "files checked out"
+msgstr "arquivos retirados"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:376
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Aborted checkout of '%s' (file level merging is required)."
+msgstr "Checkout de \"%s\" abortado (é preciso mesclar alguns arquivos)"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:377
+msgid "File level merge required."
+msgstr "Mesclagem de arquivos necessária."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:381
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Staying on branch '%s'."
+msgstr "Permanecendo no ramo \"%s\"."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:452
+msgid ""
+"You are no longer on a local branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you wanted to be on a branch, create one now starting from 'This Detached "
+"Checkout'."
+msgstr ""
+"Você não está mais em um ramo local\n"
+"\n"
+"Se você deseja um ramo, crie um agora a partir deste checkout."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:503 lib/checkout_op.tcl:507
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Checked out '%s'."
+msgstr "Checkout de \"%s\" concluído."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:535
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Resetting '%s' to '%s' will lose the following commits:"
+msgstr "Redefinir \"%s\" para \"%s\" provocará a perda das seguintes revisões:"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:557
+msgid "Recovering lost commits may not be easy."
+msgstr "Recuperar revisões perdidas pode não ser fácil."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:562
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset '%s'?"
+msgstr "Redefinir \"%s\"?"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:567 lib/merge.tcl:164 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:343
+msgid "Visualize"
+msgstr "Visualizar"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:635
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to set current branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"This working directory is only partially switched.  We successfully updated "
+"your files, but failed to update an internal Git file.\n"
+"\n"
+"This should not have occurred.  %s will now close and give up."
+msgstr ""
+"Erro ao definir o ramo atual.\n"
+"\n"
+"Este diretório de trabalho está incompleto. Foi possível atualizar seus "
+"arquivos, mas houve uma falha ao atualizar os arquivos internos do Git.\n"
+"\n"
+"Isto não deveria ter acontecido, %s terminará agora."
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:39
+msgid "Select"
+msgstr "Selecionar"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:53
+msgid "Font Family"
+msgstr "Tipo da fonte"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:74
+msgid "Font Size"
+msgstr "Tamanho da fonte"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:91
+msgid "Font Example"
+msgstr "Exemplo"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:103
+msgid ""
+"This is example text.\n"
+"If you like this text, it can be your font."
+msgstr ""
+"Este é um texto de exemplo.\n"
+"Se você gostar deste texto, esta pode ser sua fonte."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:28
+msgid "Git Gui"
+msgstr "Git Gui"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:87 lib/choose_repository.tcl:386
+msgid "Create New Repository"
+msgstr "Criar novo repositório"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:93
+msgid "New..."
+msgstr "Novo..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:100 lib/choose_repository.tcl:471
+msgid "Clone Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Clonar repositório existente"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:106
+msgid "Clone..."
+msgstr "Clonar..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:113 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1016
+msgid "Open Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Abrir repositório existente"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:119
+msgid "Open..."
+msgstr "Abrir..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:132
+msgid "Recent Repositories"
+msgstr "Repositórios recentes"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:138
+msgid "Open Recent Repository:"
+msgstr "Abrir repositório recente:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:306 lib/choose_repository.tcl:313
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:320
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to create repository %s:"
+msgstr "Erro ao criar repositório %s:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:391
+msgid "Directory:"
+msgstr "Diretório:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:423 lib/choose_repository.tcl:550
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1052
+msgid "Git Repository"
+msgstr "Repositório Git"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:448
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Directory %s already exists."
+msgstr "O diretório %s já existe."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:452
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s already exists."
+msgstr "O arquivo %s já existe."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:466
+msgid "Clone"
+msgstr "Clonar"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:479
+msgid "Source Location:"
+msgstr "Origem:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:490
+msgid "Target Directory:"
+msgstr "Diretório de destino:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:502
+msgid "Clone Type:"
+msgstr "Tipo de clonagem:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:508
+msgid "Standard (Fast, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"
+msgstr "Padrão (rápida, semi-redundante, com hardlinks)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:514
+msgid "Full Copy (Slower, Redundant Backup)"
+msgstr "Cópia completa (mais lenta, backup redundante)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:520
+msgid "Shared (Fastest, Not Recommended, No Backup)"
+msgstr "Compartilhada (A mais rápida, não recomendada, sem backup)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:556 lib/choose_repository.tcl:603
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:749 lib/choose_repository.tcl:819
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1058 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1066
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a Git repository: %s"
+msgstr "Este não é um repositório do Git: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:592
+msgid "Standard only available for local repository."
+msgstr "Clonagens padrões só são possíveis em repositórios locais."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:596
+msgid "Shared only available for local repository."
+msgstr "Clonagens parciais só são possíveis em repositórios locais."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:617
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Location %s already exists."
+msgstr "O local %s já existe."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:628
+msgid "Failed to configure origin"
+msgstr "Erro ao configurar origem"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:640
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "Contando objetos"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:641
+msgid "buckets"
+msgstr "buckets"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:665
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy objects/info/alternates: %s"
+msgstr "Erro ao copiar objetos ou informações adicionais: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:701
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Nothing to clone from %s."
+msgstr "Não há nada para clonar em %s."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:703 lib/choose_repository.tcl:917
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:929
+msgid "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."
+msgstr "O ramo \"master\" não foi inicializado."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:716
+msgid "Hardlinks are unavailable.  Falling back to copying."
+msgstr "Não foi possível criar hardlinks, usando cópias convencionais."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:728
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cloning from %s"
+msgstr "Clonando de %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:759
+msgid "Copying objects"
+msgstr "Copiando objetos"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:760
+msgid "KiB"
+msgstr "KiB"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:784
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy object: %s"
+msgstr "Não foi possível copiar o objeto: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:794
+msgid "Linking objects"
+msgstr "Ligando objetos"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:795
+msgid "objects"
+msgstr "objetos"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:803
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to hardlink object: %s"
+msgstr "Não foi possível ligar o objeto: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:858
+msgid "Cannot fetch branches and objects.  See console output for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Não foi possível receber ramos ou objetos. Veja a saída do console para "
+"detalhes."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:869
+msgid "Cannot fetch tags.  See console output for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Não foi possível receber as etiquetas. Veja a saída do console para detalhes."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:893
+msgid "Cannot determine HEAD.  See console output for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Não foi possível determinar a etiqueta HEAD. Veja a saída do console para "
+"detalhes."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:902
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to cleanup %s"
+msgstr "Não foi possível limpar %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:908
+msgid "Clone failed."
+msgstr "A clonagem falhou."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:915
+msgid "No default branch obtained."
+msgstr "O ramo padrão não foi recebido."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:926
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot resolve %s as a commit."
+msgstr "Não foi possível resolver %s como uma revisão."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:938
+msgid "Creating working directory"
+msgstr "Criando diretório de trabalho."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:939 lib/index.tcl:67 lib/index.tcl:130
+#: lib/index.tcl:198
+msgid "files"
+msgstr "arquivos"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:968
+msgid "Initial file checkout failed."
+msgstr "Erro ao efetuar checkout inicial."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1011
+msgid "Open"
+msgstr "Abrir"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1021
+msgid "Repository:"
+msgstr "Repositório:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1072
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to open repository %s:"
+msgstr "Erro ao abrir o repositório %s:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:53
+msgid "This Detached Checkout"
+msgstr "Este checkout"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:60
+msgid "Revision Expression:"
+msgstr "Expressão de revisão:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:74
+msgid "Local Branch"
+msgstr "Ramo local"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:79
+msgid "Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Ramo de rastreamento"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:84 lib/choose_rev.tcl:538
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "Etiqueta"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:317
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid revision: %s"
+msgstr "Revisão inválida: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:338
+msgid "No revision selected."
+msgstr "Nenhuma revisão selecionada."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:346
+msgid "Revision expression is empty."
+msgstr "A expressão de revisão está vazia."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:531
+msgid "Updated"
+msgstr "Atualizado"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:559
+msgid "URL"
+msgstr "URL"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:9
+msgid ""
+"There is nothing to amend.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are about to create the initial commit.  There is no commit before this "
+"to amend.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Não há nada para corrigir.\n"
+"\n"
+"Você está prestes a criar uma revisão inicial. Não há revisão anterior para "
+"corrigir.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:18
+msgid ""
+"Cannot amend while merging.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully "
+"completed.  You cannot amend the prior commit unless you first abort the "
+"current merge activity.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Não é possível corrigir durante uma mesclagem.\n"
+"\n"
+"Você está em meio a uma operação de mesclagem que não foi completada. Não é "
+"possível corrigir a revisão anterior a menos que você aborte a mescla atual "
+"antes.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:48
+msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
+msgstr "Erro ao carregar dados da revisão para corrigir:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:75
+msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
+msgstr "Não foi possível obter a sua identidade:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:80
+msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+msgstr "Variável \"GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT\" inválida:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:129
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
+msgstr "aviso: O Tcl não suporta a codificação \"%s\"."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:149
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before another commit can be created.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"O último estado lido não confere com o estado atual.\n"
+"\n"
+"Outro programa do Git modificou o repositório desde a última leitura. Uma "
+"atualização deve ser executada antes de criar outra revisão.\n"
+"\n"
+"A atualização começará automaticamente agora.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:172
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file "
+"before committing.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Não é possível salvar revisões para arquivos não mesclados.\n"
+"\n"
+"O arquivo %s possui conflitos de mesclagem. Você deve resolvê-los e marcar o "
+"arquivo antes de salvar a revisão.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:180
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s cannot be committed by this program.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Estado desconhecido detectado para o arquivo %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"Este programa não pode salvar uma revisão para o arquivo %s.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:188
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must stage at least 1 file before you can commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Não há mudanças para salvar.\n"
+"\n"
+"Você deve marcar ao menos um arquivo antes de salvar a revisão.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:203
+msgid ""
+"Please supply a commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"A good commit message has the following format:\n"
+"\n"
+"- First line: Describe in one sentence what you did.\n"
+"- Second line: Blank\n"
+"- Remaining lines: Describe why this change is good.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Por favor, indique uma descrição para a revisão.\n"
+"\n"
+"Uma boa descrição tem o seguinte formato:\n"
+"\n"
+"- Primeira linha: descreve, em uma única frase, o que você fez.\n"
+"- Segunda linha: em branco.\n"
+"- Demais linhas: Descreve detalhadamente a revisão.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:234
+msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
+msgstr "Executando script \"pre-commit\"..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:249
+msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
+msgstr "A revisão foi bloqueada pelo script \"pre-commit\"."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:272
+msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr "Executando script \"commit-msg\"..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:287
+msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
+msgstr "Revisão bloqueada pelo script \"commit-msg\"."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:300
+msgid "Committing changes..."
+msgstr "Salvando revisão..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:316
+msgid "write-tree failed:"
+msgstr "write-tree falhou:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:317 lib/commit.tcl:361 lib/commit.tcl:382
+msgid "Commit failed."
+msgstr "A revisão falhou."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:334
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
+msgstr "A revisão %s parece estar corrompida."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:339
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"No files were modified by this commit and it was not a merge commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Não há alterações para salvar.\n"
+"\n"
+"Nenhum arquivo foi modificado e esta não é uma revisão de mesclagem.\n"
+"\n"
+"Uma atualização será executada automaticamente agora.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:346
+msgid "No changes to commit."
+msgstr "Não há alterações para salvar."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:360
+msgid "commit-tree failed:"
+msgstr "commit-tree falhou:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:381
+msgid "update-ref failed:"
+msgstr "update-ref falhou:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:469
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
+msgstr "Revisão %s criada: %s"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:59
+msgid "Working... please wait..."
+msgstr "Trabalhando... aguarde..."
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:186
+msgid "Success"
+msgstr "Sucesso"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:200
+msgid "Error: Command Failed"
+msgstr "Erro: o comando falhou"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:43
+msgid "Number of loose objects"
+msgstr "Número de objetos soltos"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:44
+msgid "Disk space used by loose objects"
+msgstr "Espaço ocupado pelos objetos soltos"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:45
+msgid "Number of packed objects"
+msgstr "Número de objetos compactados"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:46
+msgid "Number of packs"
+msgstr "Número de pacotes"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:47
+msgid "Disk space used by packed objects"
+msgstr "Espaço ocupado pelos objetos compactados"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:48
+msgid "Packed objects waiting for pruning"
+msgstr "Objetos compactados aguardando eliminação"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:49
+msgid "Garbage files"
+msgstr "Arquivos de lixo"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:72
+msgid "Compressing the object database"
+msgstr "Compactando banco de dados de objetos"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:83
+msgid "Verifying the object database with fsck-objects"
+msgstr "Verificando banco de dados de objetos com fsck-objects"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:107
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"This repository currently has approximately %i loose objects.\n"
+"\n"
+"To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress "
+"the database.\n"
+"\n"
+"Compress the database now?"
+msgstr ""
+"Este repositório possui aproximadamente %i objetos soltos.\n"
+"\n"
+"Para manter o desempenho ótimo é altamente recomendado que você compacte o "
+"banco de dados.\n"
+"\n"
+"Compactar o banco de dados agora?"
+
+#: lib/date.tcl:25
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid date from Git: %s"
+msgstr "Data inválida recebida do Git: %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:64
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"No differences detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s has no changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"The modification date of this file was updated by another application, but "
+"the content within the file was not changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started to find other files which may have "
+"the same state."
+msgstr ""
+"Nenhuma diferença foi detectada.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s não possui mudanças.\n"
+"\n"
+"A data de modificação deste arquivo foi atualizada por outro aplicativo, mas "
+"o conteúdo do arquivo não foi alterado.\n"
+"\n"
+"Uma atualização ser executada para encontrar outros arquivos que possam ter "
+"o mesmo estado."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:104
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading diff of %s..."
+msgstr "Carregando diferenças de %s..."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:125
+msgid ""
+"LOCAL: deleted\n"
+"REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Local: apagado\n"
+"Remoto:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:130
+msgid ""
+"REMOTE: deleted\n"
+"LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Remoto: apagado\n"
+"Local:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:137
+msgid "LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr "Local:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:140
+msgid "REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr "Remoto:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:202 lib/diff.tcl:319
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to display %s"
+msgstr "Impossível exibir %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:203
+msgid "Error loading file:"
+msgstr "Erro ao carregar o arquivo:"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:210
+msgid "Git Repository (subproject)"
+msgstr "Repositório Git (sub-projeto)"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:222
+msgid "* Binary file (not showing content)."
+msgstr "* Arquivo binário (conteúdo não exibido)."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:227
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"* Untracked file is %d bytes.\n"
+"* Showing only first %d bytes.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* O arquivo não rastreado possui %d bytes.\n"
+"* Exibindo apenas os primeiros %d bytes.\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:233
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"* Untracked file clipped here by %s.\n"
+"* To see the entire file, use an external editor.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"* O arquivo não rastreado foi cortado aqui por %s.\n"
+"* Para ver o arquivo completo, use um editor externo.\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:482
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
+msgstr "Erro ao desmarcar o trecho selecionado."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:489
+msgid "Failed to stage selected hunk."
+msgstr "Erro ao marcar o trecho selecionado."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:568
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected line."
+msgstr "Erro ao desmarcar a linha selecionada."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:576
+msgid "Failed to stage selected line."
+msgstr "Erro ao marcar a linha selecionada."
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:443
+msgid "Default"
+msgstr "Padrão"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:448
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "System (%s)"
+msgstr "Sistema (%s)"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:459 lib/encoding.tcl:465
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr "Outro"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:20 lib/error.tcl:114
+msgid "error"
+msgstr "Erro"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:36
+msgid "warning"
+msgstr "aviso"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:94
+msgid "You must correct the above errors before committing."
+msgstr "Você precisa corrigir os erros acima antes de salvar a revisão."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:6
+msgid "Unable to unlock the index."
+msgstr "Impossível desbloquear o índice."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:15
+msgid "Index Error"
+msgstr "Erro no índice"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:17
+msgid ""
+"Updating the Git index failed.  A rescan will be automatically started to "
+"resynchronize git-gui."
+msgstr ""
+"A atualização do índice do Git falhou. Uma atualização será executada "
+"automaticamente para ressincronizar o Git GUI"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:28
+msgid "Continue"
+msgstr "Continuar"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:31
+msgid "Unlock Index"
+msgstr "Desbloquear índice"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:289
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unstaging %s from commit"
+msgstr "Desmarcando %s para revisão"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:328
+msgid "Ready to commit."
+msgstr "Pronto para salvar a revisão."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:341
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr "Adicionando %s"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:398
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in file %s?"
+msgstr "Reverter as alterações no arquivo %s?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:400
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in these %i files?"
+msgstr "Reverter as alterações nestes %i arquivos?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:408
+msgid "Any unstaged changes will be permanently lost by the revert."
+msgstr ""
+"Qualquer alteração não marcada será permanentemente perdida na reversão."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:411
+msgid "Do Nothing"
+msgstr "Não fazer nada"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:429
+msgid "Reverting selected files"
+msgstr "Revertendo os arquivos selecionados"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:433
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting %s"
+msgstr "Revertendo %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:13
+msgid ""
+"Cannot merge while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit before starting any type of merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Não é possível mesclar durante uma correção.\n"
+"\n"
+"Você deve concluir a correção antes de começar qualquer mesclagem.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:27
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before a merge can be performed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"O último estado lido não confere com o estado atual.\n"
+"\n"
+"Outro programa do Git modificou o repositório desde a última leitura. Uma "
+"atualização deve ser executada antes de efetuar uma mesclagem.\n"
+"\n"
+"A atualização começará automaticamente agora.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a conflicted merge.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must resolve them, stage the file, and commit to complete the current "
+"merge.  Only then can you begin another merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Há uma mesclagem com conflitos em progresso.\n"
+"\n"
+"O arquivo %s possui conflitos de mesclagem.\n"
+"\n"
+"Você deve resolvê-los, marcar o arquivo e salvar a revisão para completar a "
+"mesclagem atual. Só então você poderá começar outra.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:55
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a change.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s is modified.\n"
+"\n"
+"You should complete the current commit before starting a merge.  Doing so "
+"will help you abort a failed merge, should the need arise.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Você está em meio a uma mudança.\n"
+"\n"
+"O arquivo %s foi modificado.\n"
+"\n"
+"Você deve completar e salvar a revisão atual antes de começar uma mesclagem. "
+"Ao fazê-lo, você poderá abortar a mesclagem caso haja algum erro.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:107
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s of %s"
+msgstr "%s de %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:120
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merging %s and %s..."
+msgstr "Mesclando %s e %s..."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:131
+msgid "Merge completed successfully."
+msgstr "Mesclagem completada com sucesso."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:133
+msgid "Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required."
+msgstr "A mesclagem falhou. É necessário resolver conflitos."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:158
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge Into %s"
+msgstr "Mesclar em %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:177
+msgid "Revision To Merge"
+msgstr "Revisão para mesclar"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:212
+msgid ""
+"Cannot abort while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Não é possível abortar durante uma correção.\n"
+"\n"
+"Você precisa finalizar a correção desta revisão.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:222
+msgid ""
+"Abort merge?\n"
+"\n"
+"Aborting the current merge will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with aborting the current merge?"
+msgstr ""
+"Abortar mesclagem?\n"
+"\n"
+"Abortar a mesclagem atual implicará na perda de *TODAS* as mudanças não "
+"salvas.\n"
+"\n"
+"Abortar a mesclagem atual?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:228
+msgid ""
+"Reset changes?\n"
+"\n"
+"Resetting the changes will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with resetting the current changes?"
+msgstr ""
+"Descartar as mudanças?\n"
+"\n"
+"Ao fazê-lo, *TODAS* as alterações não salvas serão perdidas.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continuar e descartar as mudanças atuais?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:239
+msgid "Aborting"
+msgstr "Abortando"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:239
+msgid "files reset"
+msgstr "arquivos redefindos"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:267
+msgid "Abort failed."
+msgstr "A tentativa de abortar a operação falhou"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:269
+msgid "Abort completed.  Ready."
+msgstr "Operação abortada com sucesso. Pronto."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:8
+msgid "Force resolution to the base version?"
+msgstr "Forçar a resolução para a versão base?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:9
+msgid "Force resolution to this branch?"
+msgstr "Forçar resolução para este ramo?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:10
+msgid "Force resolution to the other branch?"
+msgstr "Forçar resolução para o outro ramo?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:14
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Note that the diff shows only conflicting changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s will be overwritten.\n"
+"\n"
+"This operation can be undone only by restarting the merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Note que o diff mostra apenas as mudanças conflitantes.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s será sobrescrito.\n"
+"\n"
+"Caso necessário, será preciso reiniciar a mesclagem para desfazer esta "
+"operação."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s seems to have unresolved conflicts, still stage?"
+msgstr "O arquivo %s parece ter conflitos não resolvidos. Marcar mesmo assim?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:60
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding resolution for %s"
+msgstr "Adicionando resolução para %s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:141
+msgid "Cannot resolve deletion or link conflicts using a tool"
+msgstr ""
+"Impossível resolver conflitos envolvendo exclusão ou links de arquivos com "
+"esta ferramenta."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:146
+msgid "Conflict file does not exist"
+msgstr "O arquivo conflitante não existe"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:264
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a GUI merge tool: '%s'"
+msgstr "Não é uma ferramenta de mesclagem gráfica: \"%s\""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:268
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unsupported merge tool '%s'"
+msgstr "Ferramenta de mesclagem não suportada \"%s\""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:303
+msgid "Merge tool is already running, terminate it?"
+msgstr "A ferramenta de mesclagem já está em execução. Finalizar?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:323
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Error retrieving versions:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Erro ao obter as versões:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:343
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start the merge tool:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Não foi possível iniciar a ferramenta de mesclagem:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:347
+msgid "Running merge tool..."
+msgstr "Executando ferramenta de mesclagem..."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:375 lib/mergetool.tcl:383
+msgid "Merge tool failed."
+msgstr "Ferramenta de mesclagem falhou."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:11
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid global encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "Codificação global inválida \"%s\""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid repo encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "Codificação do repositório inválida \"%s\""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:117
+msgid "Restore Defaults"
+msgstr "Restaurar padrões"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:121
+msgid "Save"
+msgstr "Salvar"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:131
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s Repository"
+msgstr "Repositório %s"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:132
+msgid "Global (All Repositories)"
+msgstr "Global (todos os repositórios)"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:138
+msgid "User Name"
+msgstr "Nome do usuário"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:139
+msgid "Email Address"
+msgstr "Endereço de e-mail"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:141
+msgid "Summarize Merge Commits"
+msgstr "Exibir sumário das revisões de mesclagem"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:142
+msgid "Merge Verbosity"
+msgstr "Nível de detalhamento da mesclagem"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:143
+msgid "Show Diffstat After Merge"
+msgstr "Exibir estatísticas após mesclagens"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:144
+msgid "Use Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Usar ferramenta de mesclagem"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:146
+msgid "Trust File Modification Timestamps"
+msgstr "Confiar nas datas de modificação dos arquivos"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:147
+msgid "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"
+msgstr "Eliminar ramos de rastreamento ao receber"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:148
+msgid "Match Tracking Branches"
+msgstr "Coincidir ramos de rastreamento"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:149
+msgid "Blame Copy Only On Changed Files"
+msgstr "Detectar cópias somente em arquivos modificados"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:150
+msgid "Minimum Letters To Blame Copy On"
+msgstr "Número mínimo de letras para detectar cópias"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:151
+msgid "Blame History Context Radius (days)"
+msgstr "Extensão do contexto de detecção (em dias)"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:152
+msgid "Number of Diff Context Lines"
+msgstr "Número de linhas para o diff contextual"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:153
+msgid "Commit Message Text Width"
+msgstr "Largura do texto da descrição da revisão"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:154
+msgid "New Branch Name Template"
+msgstr "Modelo de nome para novos ramos"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:155
+msgid "Default File Contents Encoding"
+msgstr "Codificação padrão dos arquivos"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:203
+msgid "Change"
+msgstr "Alterar"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:230
+msgid "Spelling Dictionary:"
+msgstr "Dicionário para o verificador ortográfico:"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:254
+msgid "Change Font"
+msgstr "Mudar fonte"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:258
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Choose %s"
+msgstr "Escolher %s"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:264
+msgid "pt."
+msgstr "pt."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:278
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "Preferências"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:314
+msgid "Failed to completely save options:"
+msgstr "Houve um erro ao salvar as opções:"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:163
+msgid "Remove Remote"
+msgstr "Excluir"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:168
+msgid "Prune from"
+msgstr "Limpar de"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:173
+msgid "Fetch from"
+msgstr "Receber de"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:215
+msgid "Push to"
+msgstr "Enviar para"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:19
+msgid "Add Remote"
+msgstr "Adicionar repositório remoto"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:24
+msgid "Add New Remote"
+msgstr "Adicionar novo repositório remoto"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:28 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:36
+msgid "Add"
+msgstr "Adicionar"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:37
+msgid "Remote Details"
+msgstr "Detalhes do repositório remoto"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:50
+msgid "Location:"
+msgstr "Local:"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:62
+msgid "Further Action"
+msgstr "Ações adicionais"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:65
+msgid "Fetch Immediately"
+msgstr "Receber imediatamente"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:71
+msgid "Initialize Remote Repository and Push"
+msgstr "Inicializar repositório remoto e enviar"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:77
+msgid "Do Nothing Else Now"
+msgstr "Não fazer nada agora"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:101
+msgid "Please supply a remote name."
+msgstr "Por favor, indique um nome para o repositório remoto."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:114
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable remote name."
+msgstr "\"%s\" não é um nome válido para um repositório remoto."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:125
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to add remote '%s' of location '%s'."
+msgstr "Erro ao adicionar repositório remoto \"%s\" do local \"%s\":"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:133 lib/transport.tcl:6
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fetch %s"
+msgstr "receber %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:134
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching the %s"
+msgstr "Recebendo o %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:157
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
+msgstr "Não sabe como inicializar o repositório remoto em \"%s\"."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:63
+#: lib/transport.tcl:81
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "push %s"
+msgstr "enviar %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:164
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Setting up the %s (at %s)"
+msgstr "Configurando %s (em %s)"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
+msgid "Delete Branch Remotely"
+msgstr "Apagar ramo remoto"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:47
+msgid "From Repository"
+msgstr "Do repositório"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:134
+msgid "Remote:"
+msgstr "Remoto:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:149
+msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
+msgstr "Outro local:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:84
+msgid "Branches"
+msgstr "Ramos"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:109
+msgid "Delete Only If"
+msgstr "Apagar somente se"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:111
+msgid "Merged Into:"
+msgstr "Mesclado em:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:152
+msgid "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."
+msgstr "É preciso indicar um ramo para \"Mesclado em\"."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:184
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The following branches are not completely merged into %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Os seguintes ramos não estão inteiramente mesclados em %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:189
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
+"necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first."
+msgstr ""
+"Um ou mais testes de mesclagem falharam porque você não possui as revisões "
+"necessárias. Tente receber revisões de %s primeiro."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:207
+msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
+msgstr "Por favor selecione um ou mais ramos para apagar."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:226
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Deleting branches from %s"
+msgstr "Apagar ramos de %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:292
+msgid "No repository selected."
+msgstr "Nenhum repositório foi selecionado."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:297
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Scanning %s..."
+msgstr "Atualizando %s..."
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:21
+msgid "Find:"
+msgstr "Encontrar:"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:23
+msgid "Next"
+msgstr "Próximo"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:24
+msgid "Prev"
+msgstr "Anterior"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:25
+msgid "Case-Sensitive"
+msgstr "Sensível a maiúsculas/minúsculas"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:21 lib/shortcut.tcl:62
+msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
+msgstr "Não foi possível gravar o atalho:"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:137
+msgid "Cannot write icon:"
+msgstr "Não foi possível gravar o ícone:"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:57
+msgid "Unsupported spell checker"
+msgstr "Verificador ortográfico não suportado"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:65
+msgid "Spell checking is unavailable"
+msgstr "Verificação ortográfica indisponível"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:68
+msgid "Invalid spell checking configuration"
+msgstr "Configuração do verificador ortográfico inválida"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:70
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting dictionary to %s."
+msgstr "Revertendo dicionário para %s."
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:73
+msgid "Spell checker silently failed on startup"
+msgstr "O verificador ortográfico falhou sem relatar nenhum erro"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:80
+msgid "Unrecognized spell checker"
+msgstr "Verificador ortográfico não reconhecido"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:186
+msgid "No Suggestions"
+msgstr "Sem sugestões"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:388
+msgid "Unexpected EOF from spell checker"
+msgstr "Final de arquivo inesperado recebido do verificador ortográfico"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:392
+msgid "Spell Checker Failed"
+msgstr "A verificação ortográfica falhou"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:31
+msgid "No keys found."
+msgstr "Nenhuma chave encontrada"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:34
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Found a public key in: %s"
+msgstr "Chave pública encontrada em: %s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:40
+msgid "Generate Key"
+msgstr "Gerar chave"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:56
+msgid "Copy To Clipboard"
+msgstr "Copiar para a área de transferência"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:70
+msgid "Your OpenSSH Public Key"
+msgstr "Sua chave pública OpenSSH"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:78
+msgid "Generating..."
+msgstr "Gerando..."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:84
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Impossível iniciar ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:111
+msgid "Generation failed."
+msgstr "A geração da chave falhou."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:118
+msgid "Generation succeded, but no keys found."
+msgstr "A geração da chave foi bem-sucedida, mas nenhuma chave foi encontrada."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:121
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Your key is in: %s"
+msgstr "Sua chave em: %s"
+
+#: lib/status_bar.tcl:83
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+msgstr "%s ... %*i de %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:75
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running %s requires a selected file."
+msgstr "É preciso selecionar um arquivo para executar %s."
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:90
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to run %s?"
+msgstr "Você tem certeza que deseja executar %s?"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:110
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool: %s"
+msgstr "Ferramenta: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:111
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running: %s"
+msgstr "Executando: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:149
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
+msgstr "Execução completada com sucesso: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool failed: %s"
+msgstr "Ferramenta falhou: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:22
+msgid "Add Tool"
+msgstr "Adicionar ferramenta"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:28
+msgid "Add New Tool Command"
+msgstr "Adicionar novo comando de ferramenta"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:33
+msgid "Add globally"
+msgstr "Adicionar globalmente"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:45
+msgid "Tool Details"
+msgstr "Detalhes da ferramenta"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:48
+msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
+msgstr "Use o separador \"/\" para criar uma árvore de sub-menus:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:61
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Comando:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:74
+msgid "Show a dialog before running"
+msgstr "Exibir uma caixa de diálogo antes de executar"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:80
+msgid "Ask the user to select a revision (sets $REVISION)"
+msgstr "Solicitar a seleção de uma revisão (a variável $REVISION)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:85
+msgid "Ask the user for additional arguments (sets $ARGS)"
+msgstr "Solicitar argumentos adicionais (define a variável $ARGS)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:92
+msgid "Don't show the command output window"
+msgstr "Não exibir a janela de saída do comando"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:97
+msgid "Run only if a diff is selected ($FILENAME not empty)"
+msgstr "Executar apenas se houver um diff selecionado ($FILENAME não-vazio)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:121
+msgid "Please supply a name for the tool."
+msgstr "Por favor, indique um nome para a ferramenta."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:129
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "A ferramenta \"%s\" já existe."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not add tool:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Não foi possível adicionar a ferramenta:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:190
+msgid "Remove Tool"
+msgstr "Excluir ferramenta"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:196
+msgid "Remove Tool Commands"
+msgstr "Excluir comando de ferramenta"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:200
+msgid "Remove"
+msgstr "Excluir"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:236
+msgid "(Blue denotes repository-local tools)"
+msgstr "(Azul indica ferramentas do repositório local)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:297
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Run Command: %s"
+msgstr "Executar comando: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:311
+msgid "Arguments"
+msgstr "Argumentos"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:348
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "OK"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:7
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching new changes from %s"
+msgstr "Recebendo novas mudanças de %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:18
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "remote prune %s"
+msgstr "Limpar %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s"
+msgstr "Limpando ramos excluídos de %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:26
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
+msgstr "Enviando mudanças para %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:64
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Mirroring to %s"
+msgstr "Duplicando para %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:82
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
+msgstr "Enviando %s %s para %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:100
+msgid "Push Branches"
+msgstr "Enviar ramos"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:114
+msgid "Source Branches"
+msgstr "Ramos de origem"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:131
+msgid "Destination Repository"
+msgstr "Repositório de destino"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:169
+msgid "Transfer Options"
+msgstr "Opções de transferência"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:171
+msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
+msgstr "Sobrescrever ramos existentes (pode descartar mudanças)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:175
+msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
+msgstr "Usar compactação minimalista (para redes lentas)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:179
+msgid "Include tags"
+msgstr "Incluir etiquetas"
diff --git a/git-gui/po/ru.po b/git-gui/po/ru.po
index 364c074..30f4b77 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/ru.po
+++ b/git-gui/po/ru.po
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: git-gui\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-12-08 08:31-0800\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-01-26 15:47-0800\n"
 "PO-Revision-Date: 2007-10-22 22:30-0200\n"
 "Last-Translator: Alex Riesen <raa.lkml@gmail.com>\n"
 "Language-Team: Russian Translation <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
@@ -15,33 +15,33 @@
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:41 git-gui.sh:737 git-gui.sh:751 git-gui.sh:764 git-gui.sh:847
-#: git-gui.sh:866
+#: git-gui.sh:41 git-gui.sh:793 git-gui.sh:807 git-gui.sh:820 git-gui.sh:903
+#: git-gui.sh:922
 msgid "git-gui: fatal error"
 msgstr "git-gui: критическая ошибка"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:689
+#: git-gui.sh:743
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Invalid font specified in %s:"
 msgstr "В %s установлен неверный шрифт:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:723
+#: git-gui.sh:779
 msgid "Main Font"
 msgstr "Шрифт интерфейса"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:724
+#: git-gui.sh:780
 msgid "Diff/Console Font"
 msgstr "Шрифт консоли и изменений (diff)"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:738
+#: git-gui.sh:794
 msgid "Cannot find git in PATH."
 msgstr "git не найден в PATH."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:765
+#: git-gui.sh:821
 msgid "Cannot parse Git version string:"
 msgstr "Невозможно распознать строку версии Git: "
 
-#: git-gui.sh:783
+#: git-gui.sh:839
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Git version cannot be determined.\n"
@@ -60,450 +60,474 @@
 "\n"
 "Принять '%s' как версию 1.5.0?\n"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1062
+#: git-gui.sh:1128
 msgid "Git directory not found:"
 msgstr "Каталог Git не найден:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1069
+#: git-gui.sh:1146
 msgid "Cannot move to top of working directory:"
 msgstr "Невозможно перейти к корню рабочего каталога репозитория: "
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1076
-msgid "Cannot use funny .git directory:"
-msgstr "Каталог .git испорчен: "
+#: git-gui.sh:1154
+msgid "Cannot use bare repository:"
+msgstr "Невозможно использование репозитория без рабочего каталога:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1081
+#: git-gui.sh:1162
 msgid "No working directory"
 msgstr "Отсутствует рабочий каталог"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1247 lib/checkout_op.tcl:305
+#: git-gui.sh:1334 lib/checkout_op.tcl:306
 msgid "Refreshing file status..."
 msgstr "Обновление информации о состоянии файлов..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1303
+#: git-gui.sh:1390
 msgid "Scanning for modified files ..."
 msgstr "Поиск измененных файлов..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1367
+#: git-gui.sh:1454
 msgid "Calling prepare-commit-msg hook..."
 msgstr "Вызов программы поддержки репозитория prepare-commit-msg..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1384
+#: git-gui.sh:1471
 msgid "Commit declined by prepare-commit-msg hook."
 msgstr ""
 "Сохранение прервано программой поддержки репозитория prepare-commit-msg"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1542 lib/browser.tcl:246
+#: git-gui.sh:1629 lib/browser.tcl:246
 msgid "Ready."
 msgstr "Готово."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1726
+#: git-gui.sh:1787
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Displaying only %s of %s files."
 msgstr "Показано %s из %s файлов."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1819
+#: git-gui.sh:1913
 msgid "Unmodified"
 msgstr "Не изменено"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1821
+#: git-gui.sh:1915
 msgid "Modified, not staged"
 msgstr "Изменено, не подготовлено"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1822 git-gui.sh:1830
+#: git-gui.sh:1916 git-gui.sh:1924
 msgid "Staged for commit"
 msgstr "Подготовлено для сохранения"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1823 git-gui.sh:1831
+#: git-gui.sh:1917 git-gui.sh:1925
 msgid "Portions staged for commit"
 msgstr "Части, подготовленные для сохранения"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1824 git-gui.sh:1832
+#: git-gui.sh:1918 git-gui.sh:1926
 msgid "Staged for commit, missing"
 msgstr "Подготовлено для сохранения, отсутствует"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1826
+#: git-gui.sh:1920
 msgid "File type changed, not staged"
 msgstr "Тип файла изменён, не подготовлено"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1827
+#: git-gui.sh:1921
 msgid "File type changed, staged"
 msgstr "Тип файла изменён, подготовлено"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1829
+#: git-gui.sh:1923
 msgid "Untracked, not staged"
 msgstr "Не отслеживается, не подготовлено"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1834
+#: git-gui.sh:1928
 msgid "Missing"
 msgstr "Отсутствует"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1835
+#: git-gui.sh:1929
 msgid "Staged for removal"
 msgstr "Подготовлено для удаления"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1836
+#: git-gui.sh:1930
 msgid "Staged for removal, still present"
 msgstr "Подготовлено для удаления, еще не удалено"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1838 git-gui.sh:1839 git-gui.sh:1840 git-gui.sh:1841
-#: git-gui.sh:1842 git-gui.sh:1843
+#: git-gui.sh:1932 git-gui.sh:1933 git-gui.sh:1934 git-gui.sh:1935
+#: git-gui.sh:1936 git-gui.sh:1937
 msgid "Requires merge resolution"
 msgstr "Требуется разрешение конфликта при слиянии"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1878
+#: git-gui.sh:1972
 msgid "Starting gitk... please wait..."
 msgstr "Запускается gitk... Подождите, пожалуйста..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1887
+#: git-gui.sh:1984
 msgid "Couldn't find gitk in PATH"
 msgstr "gitk не найден в PATH."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2280 lib/choose_repository.tcl:36
+#: git-gui.sh:2043
+msgid "Couldn't find git gui in PATH"
+msgstr "git gui не найден в PATH."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2455 lib/choose_repository.tcl:36
 msgid "Repository"
 msgstr "Репозиторий"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2281
+#: git-gui.sh:2456
 msgid "Edit"
 msgstr "Редактировать"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2283 lib/choose_rev.tcl:561
+#: git-gui.sh:2458 lib/choose_rev.tcl:561
 msgid "Branch"
 msgstr "Ветвь"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2286 lib/choose_rev.tcl:548
+#: git-gui.sh:2461 lib/choose_rev.tcl:548
 msgid "Commit@@noun"
 msgstr "Состояние"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2289 lib/merge.tcl:121 lib/merge.tcl:150 lib/merge.tcl:168
+#: git-gui.sh:2464 lib/merge.tcl:121 lib/merge.tcl:150 lib/merge.tcl:168
 msgid "Merge"
 msgstr "Слияние"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2290 lib/choose_rev.tcl:557
+#: git-gui.sh:2465 lib/choose_rev.tcl:557
 msgid "Remote"
 msgstr "Внешние репозитории"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2293
+#: git-gui.sh:2468
 msgid "Tools"
 msgstr "Вспомогательные операции"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2302
+#: git-gui.sh:2477
 msgid "Explore Working Copy"
 msgstr "Просмотр рабочего каталога"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2307
+#: git-gui.sh:2483
 msgid "Browse Current Branch's Files"
 msgstr "Просмотреть файлы текущей ветви"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2311
+#: git-gui.sh:2487
 msgid "Browse Branch Files..."
 msgstr "Показать файлы ветви..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2316
+#: git-gui.sh:2492
 msgid "Visualize Current Branch's History"
 msgstr "Показать историю текущей ветви"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2320
+#: git-gui.sh:2496
 msgid "Visualize All Branch History"
 msgstr "Показать историю всех ветвей"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2327
+#: git-gui.sh:2503
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Browse %s's Files"
 msgstr "Показать файлы ветви %s"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2329
+#: git-gui.sh:2505
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Visualize %s's History"
 msgstr "Показать историю ветви %s"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2334 lib/database.tcl:27 lib/database.tcl:67
+#: git-gui.sh:2510 lib/database.tcl:27 lib/database.tcl:67
 msgid "Database Statistics"
 msgstr "Статистика базы данных"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2337 lib/database.tcl:34
+#: git-gui.sh:2513 lib/database.tcl:34
 msgid "Compress Database"
 msgstr "Сжать базу данных"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2340
+#: git-gui.sh:2516
 msgid "Verify Database"
 msgstr "Проверить базу данных"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2347 git-gui.sh:2351 git-gui.sh:2355 lib/shortcut.tcl:7
-#: lib/shortcut.tcl:39 lib/shortcut.tcl:71
+#: git-gui.sh:2523 git-gui.sh:2527 git-gui.sh:2531 lib/shortcut.tcl:8
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:40 lib/shortcut.tcl:72
 msgid "Create Desktop Icon"
 msgstr "Создать ярлык на рабочем столе"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2363 lib/choose_repository.tcl:183 lib/choose_repository.tcl:191
+#: git-gui.sh:2539 lib/choose_repository.tcl:183 lib/choose_repository.tcl:191
 msgid "Quit"
 msgstr "Выход"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2371
+#: git-gui.sh:2547
 msgid "Undo"
 msgstr "Отменить"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2374
+#: git-gui.sh:2550
 msgid "Redo"
 msgstr "Повторить"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2378 git-gui.sh:2937
+#: git-gui.sh:2554 git-gui.sh:3109
 msgid "Cut"
 msgstr "Вырезать"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2381 git-gui.sh:2940 git-gui.sh:3014 git-gui.sh:3096
+#: git-gui.sh:2557 git-gui.sh:3112 git-gui.sh:3186 git-gui.sh:3259
 #: lib/console.tcl:69
 msgid "Copy"
 msgstr "Копировать"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2384 git-gui.sh:2943
+#: git-gui.sh:2560 git-gui.sh:3115
 msgid "Paste"
 msgstr "Вставить"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2387 git-gui.sh:2946 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
+#: git-gui.sh:2563 git-gui.sh:3118 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:38
 msgid "Delete"
 msgstr "Удалить"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2391 git-gui.sh:2950 git-gui.sh:3100 lib/console.tcl:71
+#: git-gui.sh:2567 git-gui.sh:3122 git-gui.sh:3263 lib/console.tcl:71
 msgid "Select All"
 msgstr "Выделить все"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2400
+#: git-gui.sh:2576
 msgid "Create..."
 msgstr "Создать..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2406
+#: git-gui.sh:2582
 msgid "Checkout..."
 msgstr "Перейти..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2412
+#: git-gui.sh:2588
 msgid "Rename..."
 msgstr "Переименовать..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2417
+#: git-gui.sh:2593
 msgid "Delete..."
 msgstr "Удалить..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2422
+#: git-gui.sh:2598
 msgid "Reset..."
 msgstr "Сбросить..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2432
+#: git-gui.sh:2608
 msgid "Done"
 msgstr "Завершено"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2434
+#: git-gui.sh:2610
 msgid "Commit@@verb"
 msgstr "Сохранить"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2443 git-gui.sh:2878
+#: git-gui.sh:2619 git-gui.sh:3050
 msgid "New Commit"
 msgstr "Новое состояние"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2451 git-gui.sh:2885
+#: git-gui.sh:2627 git-gui.sh:3057
 msgid "Amend Last Commit"
 msgstr "Исправить последнее состояние"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2461 git-gui.sh:2839 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
+#: git-gui.sh:2637 git-gui.sh:3011 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
 msgid "Rescan"
 msgstr "Перечитать"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2467
+#: git-gui.sh:2643
 msgid "Stage To Commit"
 msgstr "Подготовить для сохранения"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2473
+#: git-gui.sh:2649
 msgid "Stage Changed Files To Commit"
 msgstr "Подготовить измененные файлы для сохранения"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2479
+#: git-gui.sh:2655
 msgid "Unstage From Commit"
 msgstr "Убрать из подготовленного"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2484 lib/index.tcl:410
+#: git-gui.sh:2661 lib/index.tcl:412
 msgid "Revert Changes"
 msgstr "Отменить изменения"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2491 git-gui.sh:3083
+#: git-gui.sh:2669 git-gui.sh:3310 git-gui.sh:3341
 msgid "Show Less Context"
 msgstr "Меньше контекста"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2495 git-gui.sh:3087
+#: git-gui.sh:2673 git-gui.sh:3314 git-gui.sh:3345
 msgid "Show More Context"
 msgstr "Больше контекста"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2502 git-gui.sh:2852 git-gui.sh:2961
+#: git-gui.sh:2680 git-gui.sh:3024 git-gui.sh:3133
 msgid "Sign Off"
 msgstr "Вставить Signed-off-by"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2518
+#: git-gui.sh:2696
 msgid "Local Merge..."
 msgstr "Локальное слияние..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2523
+#: git-gui.sh:2701
 msgid "Abort Merge..."
 msgstr "Прервать слияние..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2535 git-gui.sh:2575
+#: git-gui.sh:2713 git-gui.sh:2741
 msgid "Add..."
 msgstr "Добавить..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2539
+#: git-gui.sh:2717
 msgid "Push..."
 msgstr "Отправить..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2543
+#: git-gui.sh:2721
 msgid "Delete Branch..."
 msgstr "Удалить ветвь..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2553 git-gui.sh:2589 lib/about.tcl:14
+#: git-gui.sh:2731 git-gui.sh:3292
+msgid "Options..."
+msgstr "Настройки..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2742
+msgid "Remove..."
+msgstr "Удалить..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2751 lib/choose_repository.tcl:50
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr "Помощь"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2755 git-gui.sh:2759 lib/about.tcl:14
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:44 lib/choose_repository.tcl:53
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "About %s"
 msgstr "О %s"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2557
-msgid "Preferences..."
-msgstr "Настройки..."
-
-#: git-gui.sh:2565 git-gui.sh:3129
-msgid "Options..."
-msgstr "Настройки..."
-
-#: git-gui.sh:2576
-msgid "Remove..."
-msgstr "Удалить..."
-
-#: git-gui.sh:2585 lib/choose_repository.tcl:50
-msgid "Help"
-msgstr "Помощь"
-
-#: git-gui.sh:2611
+#: git-gui.sh:2783
 msgid "Online Documentation"
 msgstr "Документация в интернете"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2614 lib/choose_repository.tcl:47 lib/choose_repository.tcl:56
+#: git-gui.sh:2786 lib/choose_repository.tcl:47 lib/choose_repository.tcl:56
 msgid "Show SSH Key"
 msgstr "Показать ключ SSH"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2721
+#: git-gui.sh:2893
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
 msgstr "критическая ошибка: %s: нет такого файла или каталога"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2754
+#: git-gui.sh:2926
 msgid "Current Branch:"
 msgstr "Текущая ветвь:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2775
+#: git-gui.sh:2947
 msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
 msgstr "Подготовлено (будет сохранено)"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2795
+#: git-gui.sh:2967
 msgid "Unstaged Changes"
 msgstr "Изменено (не будет сохранено)"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2845
+#: git-gui.sh:3017
 msgid "Stage Changed"
 msgstr "Подготовить все"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2864 lib/transport.tcl:104 lib/transport.tcl:193
+#: git-gui.sh:3036 lib/transport.tcl:104 lib/transport.tcl:193
 msgid "Push"
 msgstr "Отправить"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2899
+#: git-gui.sh:3071
 msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Комментарий к первому состоянию:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2900
+#: git-gui.sh:3072
 msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Комментарий к исправленному состоянию:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2901
+#: git-gui.sh:3073
 msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Комментарий к исправленному первоначальному состоянию:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2902
+#: git-gui.sh:3074
 msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Комментарий к исправленному слиянию:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2903
+#: git-gui.sh:3075
 msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Комментарий к слиянию:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2904
+#: git-gui.sh:3076
 msgid "Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Комментарий к состоянию:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2953 git-gui.sh:3104 lib/console.tcl:73
+#: git-gui.sh:3125 git-gui.sh:3267 lib/console.tcl:73
 msgid "Copy All"
 msgstr "Копировать все"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2977 lib/blame.tcl:104
+#: git-gui.sh:3149 lib/blame.tcl:104
 msgid "File:"
 msgstr "Файл:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3092
+#: git-gui.sh:3255
 msgid "Refresh"
 msgstr "Обновить"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3113
+#: git-gui.sh:3276
 msgid "Decrease Font Size"
 msgstr "Уменьшить размер шрифта"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3117
+#: git-gui.sh:3280
 msgid "Increase Font Size"
 msgstr "Увеличить размер шрифта"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3125 lib/blame.tcl:281
+#: git-gui.sh:3288 lib/blame.tcl:281
 msgid "Encoding"
 msgstr "Кодировка"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3136
+#: git-gui.sh:3299
 msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
 msgstr "Применить/Убрать изменение"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3141
+#: git-gui.sh:3304
 msgid "Apply/Reverse Line"
 msgstr "Применить/Убрать строку"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3151
+#: git-gui.sh:3323
 msgid "Run Merge Tool"
 msgstr "Запустить программу слияния"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3156
+#: git-gui.sh:3328
 msgid "Use Remote Version"
 msgstr "Взять внешнюю версию"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3160
+#: git-gui.sh:3332
 msgid "Use Local Version"
 msgstr "Взять локальную версию"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3164
+#: git-gui.sh:3336
 msgid "Revert To Base"
 msgstr "Отменить изменения"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3183
+#: git-gui.sh:3354
+msgid "Visualize These Changes In The Submodule"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3358
+msgid "Visualize Current Branch History In The Submodule"
+msgstr "Показать историю текущей ветви подмодуля"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3362
+msgid "Visualize All Branch History In The Submodule"
+msgstr "Показать историю всех ветвей подмодуля"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3367
+msgid "Start git gui In The Submodule"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3389
 msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
 msgstr "Не сохранять часть"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3184
+#: git-gui.sh:3391
+msgid "Unstage Lines From Commit"
+msgstr "Убрать строки из подготовленного"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3393
 msgid "Unstage Line From Commit"
 msgstr "Убрать строку из подготовленного"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3186
+#: git-gui.sh:3396
 msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
 msgstr "Подготовить часть для сохранения"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3187
+#: git-gui.sh:3398
+msgid "Stage Lines For Commit"
+msgstr "Подготовить строки для сохранения"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3400
 msgid "Stage Line For Commit"
 msgstr "Подготовить строку для сохранения"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3210
+#: git-gui.sh:3424
 msgid "Initializing..."
 msgstr "Инициализация..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3315
+#: git-gui.sh:3541
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Possible environment issues exist.\n"
@@ -520,7 +544,7 @@
 "запущенными из %s\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3345
+#: git-gui.sh:3570
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "This is due to a known issue with the\n"
@@ -530,7 +554,7 @@
 "Это известная проблема с Tcl,\n"
 "распространяемым Cygwin."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3350
+#: git-gui.sh:3575
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -640,7 +664,7 @@
 msgid "Unable to display parent"
 msgstr "Не могу показать предка"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1091 lib/diff.tcl:297
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1091 lib/diff.tcl:320
 msgid "Error loading diff:"
 msgstr "Ошибка загрузки изменений:"
 
@@ -666,7 +690,7 @@
 
 #: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:27 lib/branch_create.tcl:35
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:32 lib/branch_rename.tcl:30 lib/browser.tcl:282
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:544 lib/choose_font.tcl:43 lib/merge.tcl:172
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:579 lib/choose_font.tcl:43 lib/merge.tcl:172
 #: lib/option.tcl:125 lib/remote_add.tcl:32 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:42
 #: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:40 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:204 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:352
 #: lib/transport.tcl:108
@@ -697,7 +721,7 @@
 msgid "Create New Branch"
 msgstr "Создать новую ветвь"
 
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:31 lib/choose_repository.tcl:377
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:31 lib/choose_repository.tcl:381
 msgid "Create"
 msgstr "Создать"
 
@@ -729,7 +753,7 @@
 msgid "Fast Forward Only"
 msgstr "Только Fast Forward"
 
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:85 lib/checkout_op.tcl:536
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:85 lib/checkout_op.tcl:571
 msgid "Reset"
 msgstr "Сброс"
 
@@ -771,8 +795,8 @@
 msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
 msgstr "Удалить только в случае, если было слияние с"
 
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:54
-msgid "Always (Do not perform merge test.)"
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:54 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:119
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
 msgstr "Всегда (не выполнять проверку на слияние)"
 
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:103
@@ -780,6 +804,16 @@
 msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
 msgstr "Ветви, которые не полностью сливаются с %s:"
 
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:115 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:217
+msgid ""
+"Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
+"\n"
+"Delete the selected branches?"
+msgstr ""
+"Восстановить удаленные ветви сложно.\n"
+"\n"
+"Продолжить?"
+
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
@@ -809,7 +843,7 @@
 msgid "Please select a branch to rename."
 msgstr "Укажите ветвь для переименования."
 
-#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:96 lib/checkout_op.tcl:201
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:96 lib/checkout_op.tcl:202
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' already exists."
 msgstr "Ветвь '%s' уже существует."
@@ -840,38 +874,38 @@
 msgid "Browse Branch Files"
 msgstr "Показать файлы ветви"
 
-#: lib/browser.tcl:278 lib/choose_repository.tcl:394
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:480 lib/choose_repository.tcl:491
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:995
+#: lib/browser.tcl:278 lib/choose_repository.tcl:398
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:486 lib/choose_repository.tcl:497
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1028
 msgid "Browse"
 msgstr "Показать"
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:84
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:85
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Fetching %s from %s"
 msgstr "Получение %s из %s "
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:132
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:133
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "fatal: Cannot resolve %s"
 msgstr "критическая ошибка: невозможно разрешить %s"
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:145 lib/console.tcl:81 lib/database.tcl:31
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:146 lib/console.tcl:81 lib/database.tcl:31
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:53
 msgid "Close"
 msgstr "Закрыть"
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:174
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:175
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' does not exist."
 msgstr "Ветвь '%s' не существует "
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:193
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:194
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Failed to configure simplified git-pull for '%s'."
 msgstr "Ошибка создания упрощённой конфигурации git pull для '%s'."
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:228
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:229
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Branch '%s' already exists.\n"
@@ -884,21 +918,21 @@
 "Она не может быть прокручена(fast-forward) к %s.\n"
 "Требуется слияние."
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:242
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:243
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Merge strategy '%s' not supported."
 msgstr "Неизвестная стратегия слияния: '%s'."
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:261
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:262
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Failed to update '%s'."
 msgstr "Не удалось обновить '%s'."
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:273
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:274
 msgid "Staging area (index) is already locked."
 msgstr "Рабочая область заблокирована другим процессом."
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:288
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:289
 msgid ""
 "Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -914,30 +948,30 @@
 "\n"
 "Это будет сделано сейчас автоматически.\n"
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:344
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:345
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Updating working directory to '%s'..."
 msgstr "Обновление рабочего каталога из '%s'..."
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:345
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:346
 msgid "files checked out"
 msgstr "файлы извлечены"
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:375
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:376
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Aborted checkout of '%s' (file level merging is required)."
 msgstr "Прерван переход на '%s' (требуется слияние содержания файлов)"
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:376
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:377
 msgid "File level merge required."
 msgstr "Требуется слияние содержания файлов."
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:380
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:381
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Staying on branch '%s'."
 msgstr "Ветвь '%s' остается текущей."
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:451
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:452
 msgid ""
 "You are no longer on a local branch.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -949,30 +983,30 @@
 "Если вы хотите снова вернуться к какой-нибудь ветви, создайте ее сейчас, "
 "начиная с 'Текущего отсоединенного состояния'."
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:468 lib/checkout_op.tcl:472
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:503 lib/checkout_op.tcl:507
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Checked out '%s'."
 msgstr "Ветвь '%s' сделана текущей."
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:500
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:535
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Resetting '%s' to '%s' will lose the following commits:"
 msgstr "Сброс '%s' в '%s' приведет к потере следующих сохраненных состояний: "
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:522
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:557
 msgid "Recovering lost commits may not be easy."
 msgstr "Восстановить потерянные сохраненные состояния будет сложно."
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:527
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:562
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset '%s'?"
 msgstr "Сбросить '%s'?"
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:532 lib/merge.tcl:164 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:343
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:567 lib/merge.tcl:164 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:343
 msgid "Visualize"
 msgstr "Наглядно"
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:600
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:635
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Failed to set current branch.\n"
@@ -1017,7 +1051,7 @@
 msgid "Git Gui"
 msgstr "Git Gui"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:87 lib/choose_repository.tcl:382
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:87 lib/choose_repository.tcl:386
 msgid "Create New Repository"
 msgstr "Создать новый репозиторий"
 
@@ -1025,7 +1059,7 @@
 msgid "New..."
 msgstr "Новый..."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:100 lib/choose_repository.tcl:465
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:100 lib/choose_repository.tcl:471
 msgid "Clone Existing Repository"
 msgstr "Склонировать существующий репозиторий"
 
@@ -1033,7 +1067,7 @@
 msgid "Clone..."
 msgstr "Склонировать..."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:113 lib/choose_repository.tcl:983
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:113 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1016
 msgid "Open Existing Repository"
 msgstr "Выбрать существующий репозиторий"
 
@@ -1049,194 +1083,194 @@
 msgid "Open Recent Repository:"
 msgstr "Открыть последний репозиторий"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:302 lib/choose_repository.tcl:309
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:316
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:306 lib/choose_repository.tcl:313
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:320
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Failed to create repository %s:"
 msgstr "Не удалось создать репозиторий %s:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:387
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:391
 msgid "Directory:"
 msgstr "Каталог:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:417 lib/choose_repository.tcl:544
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1017
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:423 lib/choose_repository.tcl:550
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1052
 msgid "Git Repository"
 msgstr "Репозиторий"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:442
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:448
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Directory %s already exists."
 msgstr "Каталог '%s' уже существует."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:446
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:452
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "File %s already exists."
 msgstr "Файл '%s' уже существует."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:460
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:466
 msgid "Clone"
 msgstr "Склонировать"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:473
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:479
 msgid "Source Location:"
 msgstr "Исходное положение:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:484
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:490
 msgid "Target Directory:"
 msgstr "Каталог назначения:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:496
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:502
 msgid "Clone Type:"
 msgstr "Тип клона:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:502
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:508
 msgid "Standard (Fast, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"
 msgstr "Стандартный (Быстрый, полуизбыточный, \"жесткие\" ссылки)"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:508
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:514
 msgid "Full Copy (Slower, Redundant Backup)"
 msgstr "Полная копия (Медленный, создает резервную копию)"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:514
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:520
 msgid "Shared (Fastest, Not Recommended, No Backup)"
 msgstr "Общий (Самый быстрый, не рекомендуется, без резервной копии)"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:550 lib/choose_repository.tcl:597
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:743 lib/choose_repository.tcl:813
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1023 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1031
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:556 lib/choose_repository.tcl:603
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:749 lib/choose_repository.tcl:819
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1058 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1066
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Not a Git repository: %s"
 msgstr "Каталог не является репозиторием: %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:586
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:592
 msgid "Standard only available for local repository."
 msgstr "Стандартный клон возможен только для локального репозитория."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:590
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:596
 msgid "Shared only available for local repository."
 msgstr "Общий клон возможен только для локального репозитория."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:611
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:617
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Location %s already exists."
 msgstr "Путь '%s' уже существует."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:622
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:628
 msgid "Failed to configure origin"
 msgstr "Не могу сконфигурировать исходный репозиторий."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:634
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:640
 msgid "Counting objects"
 msgstr "Считаю объекты"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:635
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:641
 msgid "buckets"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:659
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:665
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unable to copy objects/info/alternates: %s"
 msgstr "Не могу скопировать objects/info/alternates: %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:695
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:701
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Nothing to clone from %s."
 msgstr "Нечего клонировать с %s."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:697 lib/choose_repository.tcl:911
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:923
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:703 lib/choose_repository.tcl:917
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:929
 msgid "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."
 msgstr "Не инициализирована ветвь 'master'."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:710
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:716
 msgid "Hardlinks are unavailable.  Falling back to copying."
 msgstr "\"Жесткие ссылки\" недоступны. Будет использовано копирование."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:722
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:728
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Cloning from %s"
 msgstr "Клонирование %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:753
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:759
 msgid "Copying objects"
 msgstr "Копирование objects"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:754
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:760
 msgid "KiB"
 msgstr "КБ"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:778
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:784
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unable to copy object: %s"
 msgstr "Не могу скопировать объект: %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:788
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:794
 msgid "Linking objects"
 msgstr "Создание ссылок на objects"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:789
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:795
 msgid "objects"
 msgstr "объекты"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:797
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:803
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unable to hardlink object: %s"
 msgstr "Не могу \"жестко связать\" объект: %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:852
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:858
 msgid "Cannot fetch branches and objects.  See console output for details."
 msgstr ""
 "Не могу получить ветви и объекты. Дополнительная информация на консоли."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:863
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:869
 msgid "Cannot fetch tags.  See console output for details."
 msgstr "Не могу получить метки. Дополнительная информация на консоли."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:887
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:893
 msgid "Cannot determine HEAD.  See console output for details."
 msgstr "Не могу определить HEAD. Дополнительная информация на консоли."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:896
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:902
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unable to cleanup %s"
 msgstr "Не могу очистить %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:902
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:908
 msgid "Clone failed."
 msgstr "Клонирование не удалось."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:909
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:915
 msgid "No default branch obtained."
 msgstr "Не было получено ветви по умолчанию."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:920
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:926
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Cannot resolve %s as a commit."
 msgstr "Не могу распознать %s как состояние."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:932
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:938
 msgid "Creating working directory"
 msgstr "Создаю рабочий каталог"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:933 lib/index.tcl:65 lib/index.tcl:128
-#: lib/index.tcl:196
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:939 lib/index.tcl:67 lib/index.tcl:130
+#: lib/index.tcl:198
 msgid "files"
 msgstr "файлов"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:962
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:968
 msgid "Initial file checkout failed."
 msgstr "Не удалось получить начальное состояние файлов репозитория."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:978
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1011
 msgid "Open"
 msgstr "Открыть"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:988
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1021
 msgid "Repository:"
 msgstr "Репозиторий:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1037
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1072
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Failed to open repository %s:"
 msgstr "Не удалось открыть репозиторий %s:"
@@ -1318,7 +1352,12 @@
 msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
 msgstr "Неверный GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:132
+#: lib/commit.tcl:129
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
+msgstr "предупреждение: Tcl не поддерживает кодировку '%s'."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:149
 msgid ""
 "Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1334,7 +1373,7 @@
 "\n"
 "Это будет сделано сейчас автоматически.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:155
+#: lib/commit.tcl:172
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
@@ -1342,12 +1381,12 @@
 "File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file "
 "before committing.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Нельзя сохранить файлы с незавершённой операцей слияния.\n"
+"Нельзя сохранить файлы с незавершённой операцией слияния.\n"
 "\n"
 "Для файла %s возник конфликт слияния. Разрешите конфликт и добавьте к "
 "подготовленным файлам перед сохранением.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:163
+#: lib/commit.tcl:180
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
@@ -1358,7 +1397,7 @@
 "\n"
 "Файл %s не может быть сохранен данной программой.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:171
+#: lib/commit.tcl:188
 msgid ""
 "No changes to commit.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1368,7 +1407,7 @@
 "\n"
 "Подготовьте хотя бы один файл до создания сохраненного состояния.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:186
+#: lib/commit.tcl:203
 msgid ""
 "Please supply a commit message.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1386,45 +1425,40 @@
 "- вторая строка пустая\n"
 "- оставшиеся строки: опишите, что дают ваши изменения.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:210
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
-msgstr "предупреждение: Tcl не поддерживает кодировку '%s'."
-
-#: lib/commit.tcl:226
+#: lib/commit.tcl:234
 msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
 msgstr "Вызов программы поддержки репозитория pre-commit..."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:241
+#: lib/commit.tcl:249
 msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
 msgstr "Сохранение прервано программой поддержки репозитория pre-commit"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:264
+#: lib/commit.tcl:272
 msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
 msgstr "Вызов программы поддержки репозитория commit-msg..."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:279
+#: lib/commit.tcl:287
 msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
 msgstr "Сохранение прервано программой поддержки репозитория commit-msg"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:292
+#: lib/commit.tcl:300
 msgid "Committing changes..."
 msgstr "Сохранение изменений..."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:308
+#: lib/commit.tcl:316
 msgid "write-tree failed:"
 msgstr "Программа write-tree завершилась с ошибкой:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:309 lib/commit.tcl:353 lib/commit.tcl:373
+#: lib/commit.tcl:317 lib/commit.tcl:361 lib/commit.tcl:382
 msgid "Commit failed."
 msgstr "Сохранить состояние не удалось."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:326
+#: lib/commit.tcl:334
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
 msgstr "Состояние %s выглядит поврежденным"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:331
+#: lib/commit.tcl:339
 msgid ""
 "No changes to commit.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1438,19 +1472,19 @@
 "\n"
 "Сейчас автоматически запустится перечитывание репозитория.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:338
+#: lib/commit.tcl:346
 msgid "No changes to commit."
-msgstr "Отуствуют измения для сохранения."
+msgstr "Отсутствуют изменения для сохранения."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:352
+#: lib/commit.tcl:360
 msgid "commit-tree failed:"
 msgstr "Программа commit-tree завершилась с ошибкой:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:372
+#: lib/commit.tcl:381
 msgid "update-ref failed:"
 msgstr "Программа update-ref завершилась с ошибкой:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:460
+#: lib/commit.tcl:469
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
 msgstr "Создано состояние %s: %s "
@@ -1503,20 +1537,19 @@
 msgid "Verifying the object database with fsck-objects"
 msgstr "Проверка базы объектов при помощи fsck"
 
-#: lib/database.tcl:108
+#: lib/database.tcl:107
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "This repository currently has approximately %i loose objects.\n"
 "\n"
 "To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress "
-"the database when more than %i loose objects exist.\n"
+"the database.\n"
 "\n"
 "Compress the database now?"
 msgstr ""
 "Этот репозиторий сейчас содержит примерно %i свободных объектов\n"
 "\n"
-"Для лучшей производительности рекомендуется сжать базу данных, когда есть "
-"более %i несвязанных объектов.\n"
+"Для лучшей производительности рекомендуется сжать базу данных.\n"
 "\n"
 "Сжать базу данных сейчас?"
 
@@ -1525,7 +1558,7 @@
 msgid "Invalid date from Git: %s"
 msgstr "Неправильная дата в репозитории: %s"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:59
+#: lib/diff.tcl:64
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "No differences detected.\n"
@@ -1540,19 +1573,19 @@
 msgstr ""
 "Изменений не обнаружено.\n"
 "\n"
-"в %s отутствуют изменения.\n"
+"в %s отсутствуют изменения.\n"
 "\n"
 "Дата изменения файла была обновлена другой программой, но содержимое файла "
 "осталось прежним.\n"
 "\n"
 "Сейчас будет запущено перечитывание репозитория, чтобы найти подобные файлы."
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:99
+#: lib/diff.tcl:104
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Loading diff of %s..."
 msgstr "Загрузка изменений в %s..."
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:120
+#: lib/diff.tcl:125
 msgid ""
 "LOCAL: deleted\n"
 "REMOTE:\n"
@@ -1560,7 +1593,7 @@
 "ЛОКАЛЬНО: удалён\n"
 "ВНЕШНИЙ:\n"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:125
+#: lib/diff.tcl:130
 msgid ""
 "REMOTE: deleted\n"
 "LOCAL:\n"
@@ -1568,41 +1601,41 @@
 "ВНЕШНИЙ: удалён\n"
 "ЛОКАЛЬНО:\n"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:132
+#: lib/diff.tcl:137
 msgid "LOCAL:\n"
 msgstr "ЛОКАЛЬНО:\n"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:135
+#: lib/diff.tcl:140
 msgid "REMOTE:\n"
 msgstr "ВНЕШНИЙ:\n"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:197 lib/diff.tcl:296
+#: lib/diff.tcl:202 lib/diff.tcl:319
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unable to display %s"
 msgstr "Не могу показать %s"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:198
+#: lib/diff.tcl:203
 msgid "Error loading file:"
 msgstr "Ошибка загрузки файла:"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:205
+#: lib/diff.tcl:210
 msgid "Git Repository (subproject)"
 msgstr "Репозиторий Git (подпроект)"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:217
+#: lib/diff.tcl:222
 msgid "* Binary file (not showing content)."
 msgstr "* Двоичный файл (содержимое не показано)"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:222
+#: lib/diff.tcl:227
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "* Untracked file is %d bytes.\n"
 "* Showing only first %d bytes.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"* Размер неподготовленого файла %d байт.\n"
+"* Размер неподготовленного файла %d байт.\n"
 "* Показано первых %d байт.\n"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:228
+#: lib/diff.tcl:233
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -1610,22 +1643,22 @@
 "* To see the entire file, use an external editor.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"* Неподготовленый файл обрезан: %s.\n"
+"* Неподготовленный файл обрезан: %s.\n"
 "* Чтобы увидеть весь файл, используйте программу-редактор.\n"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:436
+#: lib/diff.tcl:482
 msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
 msgstr "Не удалось исключить выбранную часть."
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:443
+#: lib/diff.tcl:489
 msgid "Failed to stage selected hunk."
 msgstr "Не удалось подготовить к сохранению выбранную часть."
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:509
+#: lib/diff.tcl:568
 msgid "Failed to unstage selected line."
 msgstr "Не удалось исключить выбранную строку."
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:517
+#: lib/diff.tcl:576
 msgid "Failed to stage selected line."
 msgstr "Не удалось подготовить к сохранению выбранную строку."
 
@@ -1662,15 +1695,15 @@
 msgid "Index Error"
 msgstr "Ошибка в индексе"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:21
+#: lib/index.tcl:17
 msgid ""
 "Updating the Git index failed.  A rescan will be automatically started to "
 "resynchronize git-gui."
 msgstr ""
-"Не удалось обновить индекс Git. Состояние репозитория будетперечитано "
+"Не удалось обновить индекс Git. Состояние репозитория будет перечитано "
 "автоматически."
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:27
+#: lib/index.tcl:28
 msgid "Continue"
 msgstr "Продолжить"
 
@@ -1678,45 +1711,45 @@
 msgid "Unlock Index"
 msgstr "Разблокировать индекс"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:287
+#: lib/index.tcl:289
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unstaging %s from commit"
 msgstr "Удаление %s из подготовленного"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:326
+#: lib/index.tcl:328
 msgid "Ready to commit."
 msgstr "Подготовлено для сохранения"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:339
+#: lib/index.tcl:341
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Adding %s"
 msgstr "Добавление %s..."
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:396
+#: lib/index.tcl:398
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revert changes in file %s?"
 msgstr "Отменить изменения в файле %s?"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:398
+#: lib/index.tcl:400
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revert changes in these %i files?"
 msgstr "Отменить изменения в %i файле(-ах)?"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:406
+#: lib/index.tcl:408
 msgid "Any unstaged changes will be permanently lost by the revert."
 msgstr ""
 "Любые изменения, не подготовленные к сохранению, будут потеряны при данной "
 "операции."
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:409
+#: lib/index.tcl:411
 msgid "Do Nothing"
 msgstr "Ничего не делать"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:427
+#: lib/index.tcl:429
 msgid "Reverting selected files"
-msgstr "Удаление изменений в выбраных файлах"
+msgstr "Удаление изменений в выбранных файлах"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:431
+#: lib/index.tcl:433
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reverting %s"
 msgstr "Отмена изменений в %s"
@@ -1778,7 +1811,7 @@
 "\n"
 "Файл %s изменен.\n"
 "\n"
-"Подготовьте и сохраните измения перед началом слияния. В случае "
+"Подготовьте и сохраните изменения перед началом слияния. В случае "
 "необходимости это позволит прервать операцию слияния.\n"
 
 #: lib/merge.tcl:107
@@ -1893,7 +1926,7 @@
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "File %s seems to have unresolved conflicts, still stage?"
 msgstr ""
-"Файл %s кажется содержит необработаные конфликты. Продолжить подготовку к "
+"Файл %s, похоже, содержит необработанные конфликты. Продолжить подготовку к "
 "сохранению?"
 
 #: lib/mergetool.tcl:60
@@ -2152,7 +2185,7 @@
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:157
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
-msgstr "Невозможно инициалировать репозиторий в '%s'."
+msgstr "Невозможно инициализировать репозиторий в '%s'."
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:63
 #: lib/transport.tcl:81
@@ -2179,7 +2212,7 @@
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:149
 msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
-msgstr "Указаное положение:"
+msgstr "Указанное положение:"
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:84
 msgid "Branches"
@@ -2193,10 +2226,6 @@
 msgid "Merged Into:"
 msgstr "Слияние с:"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:119
-msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
-msgstr "Всегда (не выполнять проверку на слияние)"
-
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:152
 msgid "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."
 msgstr "Для опции 'Слияние с' требуется указать ветвь."
@@ -2225,26 +2254,16 @@
 msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
 msgstr "Укажите одну или несколько ветвей для удаления."
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:216
-msgid ""
-"Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
-"\n"
-"Delete the selected branches?"
-msgstr ""
-"Восстановить удаленные ветви сложно.\n"
-"\n"
-"Продолжить?"
-
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:226
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Deleting branches from %s"
 msgstr "Удаление ветвей из %s"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:286
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:292
 msgid "No repository selected."
 msgstr "Не указан репозиторий."
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:291
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:297
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Scanning %s..."
 msgstr "Перечитывание %s... "
@@ -2265,11 +2284,11 @@
 msgid "Case-Sensitive"
 msgstr "Игн. большие/маленькие"
 
-#: lib/shortcut.tcl:20 lib/shortcut.tcl:61
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:21 lib/shortcut.tcl:62
 msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
 msgstr "Невозможно записать ссылку:"
 
-#: lib/shortcut.tcl:136
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:137
 msgid "Cannot write icon:"
 msgstr "Невозможно записать значок:"
 
@@ -2292,11 +2311,11 @@
 
 #: lib/spellcheck.tcl:73
 msgid "Spell checker silently failed on startup"
-msgstr "Программа проверки правописания не смогла запустится"
+msgstr "Программа проверки правописания не смогла запуститься"
 
 #: lib/spellcheck.tcl:80
 msgid "Unrecognized spell checker"
-msgstr "Нераспознаная программа проверки правописания"
+msgstr "Нераспознанная программа проверки правописания"
 
 #: lib/spellcheck.tcl:186
 msgid "No Suggestions"
@@ -2412,7 +2431,7 @@
 
 #: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:48
 msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
-msgstr "Испольуйте '/' для создания подменю"
+msgstr "Используйте '/' для создания подменю"
 
 #: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:61
 msgid "Command:"
diff --git a/git-instaweb.sh b/git-instaweb.sh
index e6f6ecd..8bfa8a0 100755
--- a/git-instaweb.sh
+++ b/git-instaweb.sh
@@ -558,12 +558,14 @@
 
 # make it runnable as standalone app,
 # like it would be run via 'plackup' utility
-if (__FILE__ eq \$0) {
+if (caller) {
+	return \$app;
+} else {
 	require Plack::Runner;
 
 	my \$runner = Plack::Runner->new();
 	\$runner->parse_options(qw(--env deployment --port $port),
-			       "$local" ? qw(--host 127.0.0.1) : ());
+				"$local" ? qw(--host 127.0.0.1) : ());
 	\$runner->run(\$app);
 }
 __END__
@@ -580,6 +582,8 @@
 our \$projectroot = "$(dirname "$fqgitdir")";
 our \$git_temp = "$fqgitdir/gitweb/tmp";
 our \$projects_list = \$projectroot;
+
+\$feature{'remote_heads'}{'default'} = [1];
 EOF
 }
 
diff --git a/git-merge-one-file.sh b/git-merge-one-file.sh
index b86402a..7aeb969 100755
--- a/git-merge-one-file.sh
+++ b/git-merge-one-file.sh
@@ -22,6 +22,11 @@
 
 Blob ids and modes should be empty for missing files."
 
+SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
+. git-sh-setup
+cd_to_toplevel
+require_work_tree
+
 if ! test "$#" -eq 7
 then
 	echo "$LONG_USAGE"
@@ -132,7 +137,7 @@
 
 	# Create the working tree file, using "our tree" version from the
 	# index, and then store the result of the merge.
-	git checkout-index -f --stage=2 -- "$4" && cat "$src1" >"$4"
+	git checkout-index -f --stage=2 -- "$4" && cat "$src1" >"$4" || exit 1
 	rm -f -- "$orig" "$src1" "$src2"
 
 	if [ "$6" != "$7" ]; then
diff --git a/git-mergetool--lib.sh b/git-mergetool--lib.sh
index 77d4aee..4db9212 100644
--- a/git-mergetool--lib.sh
+++ b/git-mergetool--lib.sh
@@ -10,17 +10,20 @@
 
 translate_merge_tool_path () {
 	case "$1" in
-	vimdiff|vimdiff2)
-		echo vim
+	araxis)
+		echo compare
 		;;
-	gvimdiff|gvimdiff2)
-		echo gvim
+	bc3)
+		echo bcompare
 		;;
 	emerge)
 		echo emacs
 		;;
-	araxis)
-		echo compare
+	gvimdiff|gvimdiff2)
+		echo gvim
+		;;
+	vimdiff|vimdiff2)
+		echo vim
 		;;
 	*)
 		echo "$1"
@@ -46,17 +49,16 @@
 
 valid_tool () {
 	case "$1" in
-	kdiff3 | tkdiff | xxdiff | meld | opendiff | \
-	vimdiff | gvimdiff | vimdiff2 | gvimdiff2 | \
-	emerge | ecmerge | diffuse | araxis | p4merge)
+	araxis | bc3 | diffuse | ecmerge | emerge | gvimdiff | gvimdiff2 | \
+	kdiff3 | meld | opendiff | p4merge | tkdiff | vimdiff | vimdiff2 | xxdiff)
 		;; # happy
-	tortoisemerge)
-		if ! merge_mode; then
+	kompare)
+		if ! diff_mode; then
 			return 1
 		fi
 		;;
-	kompare)
-		if ! diff_mode; then
+	tortoisemerge)
+		if ! merge_mode; then
 			return 1
 		fi
 		;;
@@ -89,66 +91,34 @@
 	status=0
 
 	case "$1" in
-	kdiff3)
+	araxis)
 		if merge_mode; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
 			if $base_present; then
-				("$merge_tool_path" --auto \
-					--L1 "$MERGED (Base)" \
-					--L2 "$MERGED (Local)" \
-					--L3 "$MERGED (Remote)" \
-					-o "$MERGED" \
-					"$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
-				> /dev/null 2>&1)
+				"$merge_tool_path" -wait -merge -3 -a1 \
+					"$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED" \
+					>/dev/null 2>&1
 			else
-				("$merge_tool_path" --auto \
-					--L1 "$MERGED (Local)" \
-					--L2 "$MERGED (Remote)" \
-					-o "$MERGED" \
-					"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
-				> /dev/null 2>&1)
-			fi
-			status=$?
-		else
-			("$merge_tool_path" --auto \
-				--L1 "$MERGED (A)" \
-				--L2 "$MERGED (B)" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
-			> /dev/null 2>&1)
-		fi
-		;;
-	kompare)
-		"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
-		;;
-	tkdiff)
-		if merge_mode; then
-			if $base_present; then
-				"$merge_tool_path" -a "$BASE" \
-					-o "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
-			else
-				"$merge_tool_path" \
-					-o "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
-			fi
-			status=$?
-		else
-			"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
-		fi
-		;;
-	p4merge)
-		if merge_mode; then
-		    touch "$BACKUP"
-			if $base_present; then
-				"$merge_tool_path" "$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED"
-			else
-				"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED"
+				"$merge_tool_path" -wait -2 \
+					"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED" \
+					>/dev/null 2>&1
 			fi
 			check_unchanged
 		else
-			"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+			"$merge_tool_path" -wait -2 "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+				>/dev/null 2>&1
 		fi
 		;;
-	meld)
+	bc3)
 		if merge_mode; then
 			touch "$BACKUP"
-			"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"
+			if $base_present; then
+				"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$BASE" \
+					-mergeoutput="$MERGED"
+			else
+				"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+					-mergeoutput="$MERGED"
+			fi
 			check_unchanged
 		else
 			"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
@@ -170,75 +140,6 @@
 			"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" | cat
 		fi
 		;;
-	vimdiff|gvimdiff)
-		if merge_mode; then
-			touch "$BACKUP"
-			if $base_present; then
-				"$merge_tool_path" -f -d -c "wincmd J" \
-					"$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$BASE" "$REMOTE"
-			else
-				"$merge_tool_path" -f -d -c "wincmd l" \
-					"$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"
-			fi
-			check_unchanged
-		else
-			"$merge_tool_path" -f -d -c "wincmd l" \
-				"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
-		fi
-		;;
-	vimdiff2|gvimdiff2)
-		if merge_mode; then
-			touch "$BACKUP"
-			"$merge_tool_path" -f -d -c "wincmd l" \
-				"$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"
-			check_unchanged
-		else
-			"$merge_tool_path" -f -d -c "wincmd l" \
-				"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
-		fi
-		;;
-	xxdiff)
-		if merge_mode; then
-			touch "$BACKUP"
-			if $base_present; then
-				"$merge_tool_path" -X --show-merged-pane \
-					-R 'Accel.SaveAsMerged: "Ctrl-S"' \
-					-R 'Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"' \
-					-R 'Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"' \
-					--merged-file "$MERGED" \
-					"$LOCAL" "$BASE" "$REMOTE"
-			else
-				"$merge_tool_path" -X $extra \
-					-R 'Accel.SaveAsMerged: "Ctrl-S"' \
-					-R 'Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"' \
-					-R 'Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"' \
-					--merged-file "$MERGED" \
-					"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
-			fi
-			check_unchanged
-		else
-			"$merge_tool_path" \
-				-R 'Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"' \
-				-R 'Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"' \
-				"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
-		fi
-		;;
-	opendiff)
-		if merge_mode; then
-			touch "$BACKUP"
-			if $base_present; then
-				"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
-					-ancestor "$BASE" \
-					-merge "$MERGED" | cat
-			else
-				"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
-					-merge "$MERGED" | cat
-			fi
-			check_unchanged
-		else
-			"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" | cat
-		fi
-		;;
 	ecmerge)
 		if merge_mode; then
 			touch "$BACKUP"
@@ -274,6 +175,111 @@
 				"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
 		fi
 		;;
+	gvimdiff|vimdiff)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			if $base_present; then
+				"$merge_tool_path" -f -d -c "wincmd J" \
+					"$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$BASE" "$REMOTE"
+			else
+				"$merge_tool_path" -f -d -c "wincmd l" \
+					"$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"
+			fi
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" -R -f -d -c "wincmd l" \
+				"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		fi
+		;;
+	gvimdiff2|vimdiff2)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			"$merge_tool_path" -f -d -c "wincmd l" \
+				"$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" -R -f -d -c "wincmd l" \
+				"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		fi
+		;;
+	kdiff3)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			if $base_present; then
+				("$merge_tool_path" --auto \
+					--L1 "$MERGED (Base)" \
+					--L2 "$MERGED (Local)" \
+					--L3 "$MERGED (Remote)" \
+					-o "$MERGED" \
+					"$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+				> /dev/null 2>&1)
+			else
+				("$merge_tool_path" --auto \
+					--L1 "$MERGED (Local)" \
+					--L2 "$MERGED (Remote)" \
+					-o "$MERGED" \
+					"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+				> /dev/null 2>&1)
+			fi
+			status=$?
+		else
+			("$merge_tool_path" --auto \
+				--L1 "$MERGED (A)" \
+				--L2 "$MERGED (B)" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+			> /dev/null 2>&1)
+		fi
+		;;
+	kompare)
+		"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		;;
+	meld)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		fi
+		;;
+	opendiff)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			if $base_present; then
+				"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+					-ancestor "$BASE" \
+					-merge "$MERGED" | cat
+			else
+				"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+					-merge "$MERGED" | cat
+			fi
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" | cat
+		fi
+		;;
+	p4merge)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			$base_present || >"$BASE"
+			"$merge_tool_path" "$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED"
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		fi
+		;;
+	tkdiff)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			if $base_present; then
+				"$merge_tool_path" -a "$BASE" \
+					-o "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+			else
+				"$merge_tool_path" \
+					-o "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+			fi
+			status=$?
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		fi
+		;;
 	tortoisemerge)
 		if $base_present; then
 			touch "$BACKUP"
@@ -286,22 +292,30 @@
 			status=1
 		fi
 		;;
-	araxis)
+	xxdiff)
 		if merge_mode; then
 			touch "$BACKUP"
 			if $base_present; then
-				"$merge_tool_path" -wait -merge -3 -a1 \
-					"$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED" \
-					>/dev/null 2>&1
+				"$merge_tool_path" -X --show-merged-pane \
+					-R 'Accel.SaveAsMerged: "Ctrl-S"' \
+					-R 'Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"' \
+					-R 'Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"' \
+					--merged-file "$MERGED" \
+					"$LOCAL" "$BASE" "$REMOTE"
 			else
-				"$merge_tool_path" -wait -2 \
-					"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED" \
-					>/dev/null 2>&1
+				"$merge_tool_path" -X $extra \
+					-R 'Accel.SaveAsMerged: "Ctrl-S"' \
+					-R 'Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"' \
+					-R 'Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"' \
+					--merged-file "$MERGED" \
+					"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
 			fi
 			check_unchanged
 		else
-			"$merge_tool_path" -wait -2 "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
-				>/dev/null 2>&1
+			"$merge_tool_path" \
+				-R 'Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"' \
+				-R 'Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"' \
+				"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
 		fi
 		;;
 	*)
@@ -343,7 +357,7 @@
 		else
 			tools="opendiff kdiff3 tkdiff xxdiff meld $tools"
 		fi
-		tools="$tools gvimdiff diffuse ecmerge p4merge araxis"
+		tools="$tools gvimdiff diffuse ecmerge p4merge araxis bc3"
 	fi
 	case "${VISUAL:-$EDITOR}" in
 	*vim*)
diff --git a/git-mergetool.sh b/git-mergetool.sh
index 2f8dc44..3aab5aa 100755
--- a/git-mergetool.sh
+++ b/git-mergetool.sh
@@ -21,6 +21,10 @@
     test "$1" = 120000
 }
 
+is_submodule () {
+    test "$1" = 160000
+}
+
 local_present () {
     test -n "$local_mode"
 }
@@ -35,7 +39,8 @@
 
 cleanup_temp_files () {
     if test "$1" = --save-backup ; then
-	mv -- "$BACKUP" "$MERGED.orig"
+	rm -rf -- "$MERGED.orig"
+	test -e "$BACKUP" && mv -- "$BACKUP" "$MERGED.orig"
 	rm -f -- "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$BASE"
     else
 	rm -f -- "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$BASE" "$BACKUP"
@@ -52,11 +57,13 @@
 	echo "deleted"
     elif is_symlink "$mode" ; then
 	echo "a symbolic link -> '$(cat "$file")'"
+    elif is_submodule "$mode" ; then
+	echo "submodule commit $file"
     else
 	if base_present; then
-	    echo "modified"
+	    echo "modified file"
 	else
-	    echo "created"
+	    echo "created file"
 	fi
     fi
 }
@@ -112,6 +119,67 @@
 	done
 }
 
+resolve_submodule_merge () {
+    while true; do
+	printf "Use (l)ocal or (r)emote, or (a)bort? "
+	read ans
+	case "$ans" in
+	    [lL]*)
+		if ! local_present; then
+		    if test -n "$(git ls-tree HEAD -- "$MERGED")"; then
+			# Local isn't present, but it's a subdirectory
+			git ls-tree --full-name -r HEAD -- "$MERGED" | git update-index --index-info || exit $?
+		    else
+			test -e "$MERGED" && mv -- "$MERGED" "$BACKUP"
+			git update-index --force-remove "$MERGED"
+			cleanup_temp_files --save-backup
+		    fi
+		elif is_submodule "$local_mode"; then
+		    stage_submodule "$MERGED" "$local_sha1"
+		else
+		    git checkout-index -f --stage=2 -- "$MERGED"
+		    git add -- "$MERGED"
+		fi
+		return 0
+		;;
+	    [rR]*)
+		if ! remote_present; then
+		    if test -n "$(git ls-tree MERGE_HEAD -- "$MERGED")"; then
+			# Remote isn't present, but it's a subdirectory
+			git ls-tree --full-name -r MERGE_HEAD -- "$MERGED" | git update-index --index-info || exit $?
+		    else
+			test -e "$MERGED" && mv -- "$MERGED" "$BACKUP"
+			git update-index --force-remove "$MERGED"
+		    fi
+		elif is_submodule "$remote_mode"; then
+		    ! is_submodule "$local_mode" && test -e "$MERGED" && mv -- "$MERGED" "$BACKUP"
+		    stage_submodule "$MERGED" "$remote_sha1"
+		else
+		    test -e "$MERGED" && mv -- "$MERGED" "$BACKUP"
+		    git checkout-index -f --stage=3 -- "$MERGED"
+		    git add -- "$MERGED"
+		fi
+		cleanup_temp_files --save-backup
+		return 0
+		;;
+	    [aA]*)
+		return 1
+		;;
+	    esac
+	done
+}
+
+stage_submodule () {
+    path="$1"
+    submodule_sha1="$2"
+    mkdir -p "$path" || die "fatal: unable to create directory for module at $path"
+    # Find $path relative to work tree
+    work_tree_root=$(cd_to_toplevel && pwd)
+    work_rel_path=$(cd "$path" && GIT_WORK_TREE="${work_tree_root}" git rev-parse --show-prefix)
+    test -n "$work_rel_path" || die "fatal: unable to get path of module $path relative to work tree"
+    git update-index --add --replace --cacheinfo 160000 "$submodule_sha1" "${work_rel_path%/}" || die
+}
+
 checkout_staged_file () {
     tmpfile=$(expr "$(git checkout-index --temp --stage="$1" "$2")" : '\([^	]*\)	')
 
@@ -139,13 +207,23 @@
     REMOTE="./$MERGED.REMOTE.$ext"
     BASE="./$MERGED.BASE.$ext"
 
-    mv -- "$MERGED" "$BACKUP"
-    cp -- "$BACKUP" "$MERGED"
-
     base_mode=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==1) print $1;}')
     local_mode=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==2) print $1;}')
     remote_mode=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==3) print $1;}')
 
+    if is_submodule "$local_mode" || is_submodule "$remote_mode"; then
+	echo "Submodule merge conflict for '$MERGED':"
+	local_sha1=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==2) print $2;}')
+	remote_sha1=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==3) print $2;}')
+	describe_file "$local_mode" "local" "$local_sha1"
+	describe_file "$remote_mode" "remote" "$remote_sha1"
+	resolve_submodule_merge
+	return
+    fi
+
+    mv -- "$MERGED" "$BACKUP"
+    cp -- "$BACKUP" "$MERGED"
+
     base_present   && checkout_staged_file 1 "$MERGED" "$BASE"
     local_present  && checkout_staged_file 2 "$MERGED" "$LOCAL"
     remote_present && checkout_staged_file 3 "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"
@@ -269,7 +347,7 @@
 files_to_merge() {
     if test "$rerere" = true
     then
-	git rerere status
+	git rerere remaining
     else
 	git ls-files -u | sed -e 's/^[^	]*	//' | sort -u
     fi
diff --git a/git-parse-remote.sh b/git-parse-remote.sh
index 5f47b18..ea093d2 100644
--- a/git-parse-remote.sh
+++ b/git-parse-remote.sh
@@ -4,58 +4,9 @@
 # this would fail in that case and would issue an error message.
 GIT_DIR=$(git rev-parse -q --git-dir) || :;
 
-get_data_source () {
-	case "$1" in
-	*/*)
-		echo ''
-		;;
-	.)
-		echo self
-		;;
-	*)
-		if test "$(git config --get "remote.$1.url")"
-		then
-			echo config
-		elif test -f "$GIT_DIR/remotes/$1"
-		then
-			echo remotes
-		elif test -f "$GIT_DIR/branches/$1"
-		then
-			echo branches
-		else
-			echo ''
-		fi ;;
-	esac
-}
-
-get_remote_url () {
-	data_source=$(get_data_source "$1")
-	case "$data_source" in
-	'')
-		echo "$1"
-		;;
-	self)
-		echo "$1"
-		;;
-	config)
-		git config --get "remote.$1.url"
-		;;
-	remotes)
-		sed -ne '/^URL: */{
-			s///p
-			q
-		}' "$GIT_DIR/remotes/$1"
-		;;
-	branches)
-		sed -e 's/#.*//' "$GIT_DIR/branches/$1"
-		;;
-	*)
-		die "internal error: get-remote-url $1" ;;
-	esac
-}
-
 get_default_remote () {
-	curr_branch=$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD | sed -e 's|^refs/heads/||')
+	curr_branch=$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD)
+	curr_branch="${curr_branch#refs/heads/}"
 	origin=$(git config --get "branch.$curr_branch.remote")
 	echo ${origin:-origin}
 }
@@ -66,7 +17,7 @@
 	    origin="$1"
 	    default=$(get_default_remote)
 	    test -z "$origin" && origin=$default
-	    curr_branch=$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD)
+	    curr_branch=$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD) &&
 	    [ "$origin" = "$default" ] &&
 	    echo $(git for-each-ref --format='%(upstream)' $curr_branch)
 	    ;;
@@ -89,7 +40,13 @@
 	    refs/heads/*) remote=${remote#refs/heads/} ;;
 	    refs/* | tags/* | remotes/* ) remote=
 	    esac
-
-	    [ -n "$remote" ] && echo "refs/remotes/$repo/$remote"
+	    [ -n "$remote" ] && case "$repo" in
+		.)
+		    echo "refs/heads/$remote"
+		    ;;
+		*)
+		    echo "refs/remotes/$repo/$remote"
+		    ;;
+	    esac
 	esac
 }
diff --git a/git-pull.sh b/git-pull.sh
index 8eb74d4..4e9e0e4 100755
--- a/git-pull.sh
+++ b/git-pull.sh
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 test -f "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD" && die_merge
 
 strategy_args= diffstat= no_commit= squash= no_ff= ff_only=
-log_arg= verbosity= progress=
+log_arg= verbosity= progress= recurse_submodules=
 merge_args=
 curr_branch=$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD)
 curr_branch_short="${curr_branch#refs/heads/}"
@@ -53,6 +53,8 @@
 		verbosity="$verbosity -v" ;;
 	--progress)
 		progress=--progress ;;
+	--no-progress)
+		progress=--no-progress ;;
 	-n|--no-stat|--no-summary)
 		diffstat=--no-stat ;;
 	--stat|--summary)
@@ -105,10 +107,19 @@
 	--no-r|--no-re|--no-reb|--no-reba|--no-rebas|--no-rebase)
 		rebase=false
 		;;
+	--recurse-submodules)
+		recurse_submodules=--recurse-submodules
+		;;
+	--recurse-submodules=*)
+		recurse_submodules="$1"
+		;;
+	--no-recurse-submodules)
+		recurse_submodules=--no-recurse-submodules
+		;;
 	--d|--dr|--dry|--dry-|--dry-r|--dry-ru|--dry-run)
 		dry_run=--dry-run
 		;;
-	-h|--h|--he|--hel|--help)
+	-h|--h|--he|--hel|--help|--help-|--help-a|--help-al|--help-all)
 		usage
 		;;
 	*)
@@ -201,10 +212,7 @@
 			die "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
 		fi
 	else
-		git update-index --ignore-submodules --refresh &&
-		git diff-files --ignore-submodules --quiet &&
-		git diff-index --ignore-submodules --cached --quiet HEAD -- ||
-		die "refusing to pull with rebase: your working tree is not up-to-date"
+		require_clean_work_tree "pull with rebase" "Please commit or stash them."
 	fi
 	oldremoteref= &&
 	. git-parse-remote &&
@@ -220,7 +228,7 @@
 	done
 }
 orig_head=$(git rev-parse -q --verify HEAD)
-git fetch $verbosity $progress $dry_run --update-head-ok "$@" || exit 1
+git fetch $verbosity $progress $dry_run $recurse_submodules --update-head-ok "$@" || exit 1
 test -z "$dry_run" || exit 0
 
 curr_head=$(git rev-parse -q --verify HEAD)
@@ -269,7 +277,7 @@
 if test -z "$orig_head"
 then
 	git update-ref -m "initial pull" HEAD $merge_head "$curr_head" &&
-	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD || exit 1
+	git read-tree -m -u HEAD || exit 1
 	exit
 fi
 
@@ -290,8 +298,8 @@
 	;;
 *)
 	eval="git-merge $diffstat $no_commit $squash $no_ff $ff_only"
-	eval="$eval  $log_arg $strategy_args $merge_args"
-	eval="$eval \"\$merge_name\" HEAD $merge_head $verbosity"
+	eval="$eval  $log_arg $strategy_args $merge_args $verbosity $progress"
+	eval="$eval \"\$merge_name\" HEAD $merge_head"
 	;;
 esac
 eval "exec $eval"
diff --git a/git-rebase--interactive.sh b/git-rebase--interactive.sh
index a27952d..c308529 100755
--- a/git-rebase--interactive.sh
+++ b/git-rebase--interactive.sh
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 abort              abort rebasing process and restore original branch
 skip               skip current patch and continue rebasing process
 no-verify          override pre-rebase hook from stopping the operation
+verify             allow pre-rebase hook to run
 root               rebase all reachable commmits up to the root(s)
 autosquash         move commits that begin with squash!/fixup! under -i
 "
@@ -153,14 +154,6 @@
 	fi
 }
 
-require_clean_work_tree () {
-	# test if working tree is dirty
-	git rev-parse --verify HEAD > /dev/null &&
-	git update-index --ignore-submodules --refresh &&
-	git diff-files --quiet --ignore-submodules &&
-	git diff-index --cached --quiet HEAD --ignore-submodules -- ||
-	die "Working tree is dirty"
-}
 
 ORIG_REFLOG_ACTION="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"
 
@@ -346,7 +339,7 @@
 			# No point in merging the first parent, that's HEAD
 			new_parents=${new_parents# $first_parent}
 			if ! do_with_author output \
-				git merge $STRATEGY -m "$msg" $new_parents
+				git merge --no-ff $STRATEGY -m "$msg" $new_parents
 			then
 				printf "%s\n" "$msg" > "$GIT_DIR"/MERGE_MSG
 				die_with_patch $sha1 "Error redoing merge $sha1"
@@ -557,7 +550,7 @@
 			exit "$status"
 		fi
 		# Run in subshell because require_clean_work_tree can die.
-		if ! (require_clean_work_tree)
+		if ! (require_clean_work_tree "rebase")
 		then
 			warn "Commit or stash your changes, and then run"
 			warn
@@ -675,9 +668,27 @@
 # comes immediately after the former, and change "pick" to
 # "fixup"/"squash".
 rearrange_squash () {
-	sed -n -e 's/^pick \([0-9a-f]*\) \(squash\)! /\1 \2 /p' \
-		-e 's/^pick \([0-9a-f]*\) \(fixup\)! /\1 \2 /p' \
-		"$1" >"$1.sq"
+	# extract fixup!/squash! lines and resolve any referenced sha1's
+	while read -r pick sha1 message
+	do
+		case "$message" in
+		"squash! "*|"fixup! "*)
+			action="${message%%!*}"
+			rest="${message#*! }"
+			echo "$sha1 $action $rest"
+			# if it's a single word, try to resolve to a full sha1 and
+			# emit a second copy. This allows us to match on both message
+			# and on sha1 prefix
+			if test "${rest#* }" = "$rest"; then
+				fullsha="$(git rev-parse -q --verify "$rest" 2>/dev/null)"
+				if test -n "$fullsha"; then
+					# prefix the action to uniquely identify this line as
+					# intended for full sha1 match
+					echo "$sha1 +$action $fullsha"
+				fi
+			fi
+		esac
+	done >"$1.sq" <"$1"
 	test -s "$1.sq" || return
 
 	used=
@@ -687,14 +698,26 @@
 		*" $sha1 "*) continue ;;
 		esac
 		printf '%s\n' "$pick $sha1 $message"
+		used="$used$sha1 "
 		while read -r squash action msg
 		do
-			case "$message" in
-			"$msg"*)
+			case " $used" in
+			*" $squash "*) continue ;;
+			esac
+			emit=0
+			case "$action" in
+			+*)
+				action="${action#+}"
+				# full sha1 prefix test
+				case "$msg" in "$sha1"*) emit=1;; esac ;;
+			*)
+				# message prefix test
+				case "$message" in "$msg"*) emit=1;; esac ;;
+			esac
+			if test $emit = 1; then
 				printf '%s\n' "$action $squash $action! $msg"
 				used="$used$squash "
-				;;
-			esac
+			fi
 		done <"$1.sq"
 	done >"$1.rearranged" <"$1"
 	cat "$1.rearranged" >"$1"
@@ -727,6 +750,7 @@
 		OK_TO_SKIP_PRE_REBASE=yes
 		;;
 	--verify)
+		OK_TO_SKIP_PRE_REBASE=
 		;;
 	--continue)
 		is_standalone "$@" || usage
@@ -768,7 +792,7 @@
 
 		record_in_rewritten "$(cat "$DOTEST"/stopped-sha)"
 
-		require_clean_work_tree
+		require_clean_work_tree "rebase"
 		do_rest
 		;;
 	--abort)
@@ -866,11 +890,11 @@
 
 		comment_for_reflog start
 
-		require_clean_work_tree
+		require_clean_work_tree "rebase" "Please commit or stash them."
 
 		if test ! -z "$1"
 		then
-			output git checkout "$1" ||
+			output git checkout "$1" -- ||
 				die "Could not checkout $1"
 		fi
 
@@ -997,7 +1021,7 @@
 #  e, edit = use commit, but stop for amending
 #  s, squash = use commit, but meld into previous commit
 #  f, fixup = like "squash", but discard this commit's log message
-#  x <cmd>, exec <cmd> = Run a shell command <cmd>, and stop if it fails
+#  x, exec = run command (the rest of the line) using shell
 #
 # If you remove a line here THAT COMMIT WILL BE LOST.
 # However, if you remove everything, the rebase will be aborted.
diff --git a/git-rebase.sh b/git-rebase.sh
index e5df23b..cbb0ea9 100755
--- a/git-rebase.sh
+++ b/git-rebase.sh
@@ -49,7 +49,8 @@
 dotest="$GIT_DIR"/rebase-merge
 prec=4
 verbose=
-diffstat=$(git config --bool rebase.stat)
+diffstat=
+test "$(git config --bool rebase.stat)" = true && diffstat=t
 git_am_opt=
 rebase_root=
 force_rebase=
@@ -205,6 +206,9 @@
 	--no-verify)
 		OK_TO_SKIP_PRE_REBASE=yes
 		;;
+	--verify)
+		OK_TO_SKIP_PRE_REBASE=
+		;;
 	--continue)
 		test -d "$dotest" -o -d "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply ||
 			die "No rebase in progress?"
@@ -274,15 +278,16 @@
 			die "No rebase in progress?"
 
 		git rerere clear
-		if test -d "$dotest"
-		then
-			GIT_QUIET=$(cat "$dotest/quiet")
-			move_to_original_branch
-		else
-			dotest="$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply
-			GIT_QUIET=$(cat "$dotest/quiet")
-			move_to_original_branch
-		fi
+
+		test -d "$dotest" || dotest="$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply
+
+		head_name="$(cat "$dotest"/head-name)" &&
+		case "$head_name" in
+		refs/*)
+			git symbolic-ref HEAD $head_name ||
+			die "Could not move back to $head_name"
+			;;
+		esac
 		git reset --hard $(cat "$dotest/orig-head")
 		rm -r "$dotest"
 		exit
@@ -311,10 +316,6 @@
 		esac
 		strategy_opts="$strategy_opts $(git rev-parse --sq-quote "--$newopt")"
 		do_merge=t
-		if test -n "$strategy"
-		then
-			strategy=recursive
-		fi
 		;;
 	-s=*|--s=*|--st=*|--str=*|--stra=*|--strat=*|--strate=*|\
 		--strateg=*|--strategy=*|\
@@ -416,19 +417,7 @@
 	fi
 fi
 
-# The tree must be really really clean.
-if ! git update-index --ignore-submodules --refresh > /dev/null; then
-	echo >&2 "cannot rebase: you have unstaged changes"
-	git diff-files --name-status -r --ignore-submodules -- >&2
-	exit 1
-fi
-diff=$(git diff-index --cached --name-status -r --ignore-submodules HEAD --)
-case "$diff" in
-?*)	echo >&2 "cannot rebase: your index contains uncommitted changes"
-	echo >&2 "$diff"
-	exit 1
-	;;
-esac
+require_clean_work_tree "rebase" "Please commit or stash them."
 
 if test -z "$rebase_root"
 then
@@ -493,6 +482,7 @@
 	then
 		head_name="detached HEAD"
 	else
+		echo >&2 "fatal: no such branch: $1"
 		usage
 	fi
 	;;
@@ -524,7 +514,7 @@
 	if test -z "$force_rebase"
 	then
 		# Lazily switch to the target branch if needed...
-		test -z "$switch_to" || git checkout "$switch_to"
+		test -z "$switch_to" || git checkout "$switch_to" --
 		say "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
 		exit 0
 	else
diff --git a/git-repack.sh b/git-repack.sh
index 769baaf..624feec 100755
--- a/git-repack.sh
+++ b/git-repack.sh
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 esac
 
 PACKDIR="$GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY/pack"
-PACKTMP="$GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY/.tmp-$$-pack"
+PACKTMP="$PACKDIR/.tmp-$$-pack"
 rm -f "$PACKTMP"-*
 trap 'rm -f "$PACKTMP"-*' 0 1 2 3 15
 
@@ -82,6 +82,8 @@
 	;;
 esac
 
+mkdir -p "$PACKDIR" || exit
+
 args="$args $local ${GIT_QUIET:+-q} $no_reuse$extra"
 names=$(git pack-objects --keep-true-parents --honor-pack-keep --non-empty --all --reflog $args </dev/null "$PACKTMP") ||
 	exit 1
@@ -90,7 +92,6 @@
 fi
 
 # Ok we have prepared all new packfiles.
-mkdir -p "$PACKDIR" || exit
 
 # First see if there are packs of the same name and if so
 # if we can move them out of the way (this can happen if we
diff --git a/git-request-pull.sh b/git-request-pull.sh
index 6fdea39..fc080cc 100755
--- a/git-request-pull.sh
+++ b/git-request-pull.sh
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
 '
 
 . git-sh-setup
-. git-parse-remote
 
 GIT_PAGER=
 export GIT_PAGER
@@ -55,7 +54,7 @@
 		p
 		q
 	}")
-url=$(get_remote_url "$url")
+url=$(git ls-remote --get-url "$url")
 if [ -z "$branch" ]; then
 	echo "warn: No branch of $url is at:" >&2
 	git log --max-count=1 --pretty='tformat:warn:   %h: %s' $headrev >&2
diff --git a/git-send-email.perl b/git-send-email.perl
index f68ed5a..98ab33a 100755
--- a/git-send-email.perl
+++ b/git-send-email.perl
@@ -960,7 +960,7 @@
 sub send_message {
 	my @recipients = unique_email_list(@to);
 	@cc = (grep { my $cc = extract_valid_address($_);
-		      not grep { $cc eq $_ } @recipients
+		      not grep { $cc eq $_ || $_ =~ /<\Q${cc}\E>$/ } @recipients
 		    }
 	       map { sanitize_address($_) }
 	       @cc);
@@ -1091,7 +1091,7 @@
 			    "VALUES: server=$smtp_server ",
 			    "encryption=$smtp_encryption ",
 			    "hello=$smtp_domain",
-			    defined $smtp_server_port ? "port=$smtp_server_port" : "";
+			    defined $smtp_server_port ? " port=$smtp_server_port" : "";
 		}
 
 		if (defined $smtp_authuser) {
@@ -1319,7 +1319,8 @@
 
 	# set up for the next message
 	if ($thread && $message_was_sent &&
-		(chain_reply_to() || !defined $reply_to || length($reply_to) == 0)) {
+		(chain_reply_to() || !defined $reply_to || length($reply_to) == 0 ||
+		$message_num == 1)) {
 		$reply_to = $message_id;
 		if (length $references > 0) {
 			$references .= "\n $message_id";
diff --git a/git-sh-setup.sh b/git-sh-setup.sh
index ae031a1..aa16b83 100644
--- a/git-sh-setup.sh
+++ b/git-sh-setup.sh
@@ -145,6 +145,35 @@
 	die "fatal: $0 cannot be used without a working tree."
 }
 
+require_clean_work_tree () {
+	git rev-parse --verify HEAD >/dev/null || exit 1
+	git update-index -q --ignore-submodules --refresh
+	err=0
+
+	if ! git diff-files --quiet --ignore-submodules
+	then
+		echo >&2 "Cannot $1: You have unstaged changes."
+		err=1
+	fi
+
+	if ! git diff-index --cached --quiet --ignore-submodules HEAD --
+	then
+		if [ $err = 0 ]
+		then
+		    echo >&2 "Cannot $1: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+		else
+		    echo >&2 "Additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+		fi
+		err=1
+	fi
+
+	if [ $err = 1 ]
+	then
+		test -n "$2" && echo >&2 "$2"
+		exit 1
+	fi
+}
+
 get_author_ident_from_commit () {
 	pick_author_script='
 	/^author /{
diff --git a/git-stash.sh b/git-stash.sh
index 7561b37..0a94036 100755
--- a/git-stash.sh
+++ b/git-stash.sh
@@ -12,12 +12,14 @@
 
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
 OPTIONS_SPEC=
+START_DIR=`pwd`
 . git-sh-setup
 require_work_tree
 cd_to_toplevel
 
 TMP="$GIT_DIR/.git-stash.$$"
-trap 'rm -f "$TMP-*"' 0
+TMPindex=${GIT_INDEX_FILE-"$GIT_DIR/index"}.stash.$$
+trap 'rm -f "$TMP-"* "$TMPindex"' 0
 
 ref_stash=refs/stash
 
@@ -81,14 +83,12 @@
 
 		# state of the working tree
 		w_tree=$( (
-			rm -f "$TMP-index" &&
-			cp -p ${GIT_INDEX_FILE-"$GIT_DIR/index"} "$TMP-index" &&
-			GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMP-index" &&
+			git read-tree --index-output="$TMPindex" -m $i_tree &&
+			GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMPindex" &&
 			export GIT_INDEX_FILE &&
-			git read-tree -m $i_tree &&
 			git diff --name-only -z HEAD | git update-index -z --add --remove --stdin &&
 			git write-tree &&
-			rm -f "$TMP-index"
+			rm -f "$TMPindex"
 		) ) ||
 			die "Cannot save the current worktree state"
 
@@ -136,11 +136,12 @@
 			keep_index=t
 			;;
 		--no-keep-index)
-			keep_index=
+			keep_index=n
 			;;
 		-p|--patch)
 			patch_mode=t
-			keep_index=t
+			# only default to keep if we don't already have an override
+			test -z "$keep_index" && keep_index=t
 			;;
 		-q|--quiet)
 			GIT_QUIET=t
@@ -185,7 +186,7 @@
 	then
 		git reset --hard ${GIT_QUIET:+-q}
 
-		if test -n "$keep_index" && test -n $i_tree
+		if test "$keep_index" = "t" && test -n $i_tree
 		then
 			git read-tree --reset -u $i_tree
 		fi
@@ -193,7 +194,7 @@
 		git apply -R < "$TMP-patch" ||
 		die "Cannot remove worktree changes"
 
-		if test -z "$keep_index"
+		if test "$keep_index" != "t"
 		then
 			git reset
 		fi
@@ -264,7 +265,7 @@
 	b_tree=
 	i_tree=
 
-	REV=$(git rev-parse --no-flags --symbolic "$@" 2>/dev/null)
+	REV=$(git rev-parse --no-flags --symbolic "$@") || exit 1
 
 	FLAGS=
 	for opt
@@ -310,16 +311,6 @@
 	IS_STASH_LIKE=t &&
 	test "$ref_stash" = "$(git rev-parse --symbolic-full-name "${REV%@*}")" &&
 	IS_STASH_REF=t
-
-	if test "${REV}" != "${REV%{*\}}"
-	then
-		# maintainers: it would be better if git rev-parse indicated
-		# this condition with a non-zero status code but as of 1.7.2.1 it
-		# it did not. So, we use non-empty stderr output as a proxy for the
-		# condition of interest.
-		test -z "$(git rev-parse "$REV" 2>&1 >/dev/null)" || die "$REV does not exist in the stash log"
-	fi
-
 }
 
 is_stash_like()
@@ -344,9 +335,7 @@
 
 	assert_stash_like "$@"
 
-	git update-index -q --refresh &&
-	git diff-files --quiet --ignore-submodules ||
-		die 'Cannot apply to a dirty working tree, please stage your changes'
+	git update-index -q --refresh || die 'unable to refresh index'
 
 	# current index state
 	c_tree=$(git write-tree) ||
@@ -394,7 +383,7 @@
 		then
 			squelch='>/dev/null 2>&1'
 		fi
-		eval "git status $squelch" || :
+		(cd "$START_DIR" && eval "git status $squelch") || :
 	else
 		# Merge conflict; keep the exit status from merge-recursive
 		status=$?
diff --git a/git-submodule.sh b/git-submodule.sh
index 9ebbab7..4361ae4 100755
--- a/git-submodule.sh
+++ b/git-submodule.sh
@@ -37,12 +37,24 @@
 		die "remote ($remote) does not have a url defined in .git/config"
 	url="$1"
 	remoteurl=${remoteurl%/}
+	sep=/
 	while test -n "$url"
 	do
 		case "$url" in
 		../*)
 			url="${url#../}"
-			remoteurl="${remoteurl%/*}"
+			case "$remoteurl" in
+			*/*)
+				remoteurl="${remoteurl%/*}"
+				;;
+			*:*)
+				remoteurl="${remoteurl%:*}"
+				sep=:
+				;;
+			*)
+				die "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
+				;;
+			esac
 			;;
 		./*)
 			url="${url#./}"
@@ -51,7 +63,7 @@
 			break;;
 		esac
 	done
-	echo "$remoteurl/${url%/}"
+	echo "$remoteurl$sep${url%/}"
 }
 
 #
@@ -60,7 +72,24 @@
 #
 module_list()
 {
-	git ls-files --error-unmatch --stage -- "$@" | sane_grep '^160000 '
+	git ls-files --error-unmatch --stage -- "$@" |
+	perl -e '
+	my %unmerged = ();
+	my ($null_sha1) = ("0" x 40);
+	while (<STDIN>) {
+		chomp;
+		my ($mode, $sha1, $stage, $path) =
+			/^([0-7]+) ([0-9a-f]{40}) ([0-3])\t(.*)$/;
+		next unless $mode eq "160000";
+		if ($stage ne "0") {
+			if (!$unmerged{$path}++) {
+				print "$mode $null_sha1 U\t$path\n";
+			}
+			next;
+		}
+		print "$_\n";
+	}
+	'
 }
 
 #
@@ -93,20 +122,6 @@
 	url=$2
 	reference="$3"
 
-	# If there already is a directory at the submodule path,
-	# expect it to be empty (since that is the default checkout
-	# action) and try to remove it.
-	# Note: if $path is a symlink to a directory the test will
-	# succeed but the rmdir will fail. We might want to fix this.
-	if test -d "$path"
-	then
-		rmdir "$path" 2>/dev/null ||
-		die "Directory '$path' exists, but is neither empty nor a git repository"
-	fi
-
-	test -e "$path" &&
-	die "A file already exist at path '$path'"
-
 	if test -n "$reference"
 	then
 		git-clone "$reference" -n "$url" "$path"
@@ -241,7 +256,7 @@
 			# ash fails to wordsplit ${branch:+-b "$branch"...}
 			case "$branch" in
 			'') git checkout -f -q ;;
-			?*) git checkout -f -q -b "$branch" "origin/$branch" ;;
+			?*) git checkout -f -q -B "$branch" "origin/$branch" ;;
 			esac
 		) || die "Unable to checkout submodule '$path'"
 	fi
@@ -374,41 +389,35 @@
 cmd_update()
 {
 	# parse $args after "submodule ... update".
-	orig_args="$@"
+	orig_flags=
 	while test $# -ne 0
 	do
 		case "$1" in
 		-q|--quiet)
-			shift
 			GIT_QUIET=1
 			;;
 		-i|--init)
 			init=1
-			shift
 			;;
 		-N|--no-fetch)
-			shift
 			nofetch=1
 			;;
 		-r|--rebase)
-			shift
 			update="rebase"
 			;;
 		--reference)
 			case "$2" in '') usage ;; esac
 			reference="--reference=$2"
-			shift 2
+			orig_flags="$orig_flags $(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$1")"
+			shift
 			;;
 		--reference=*)
 			reference="$1"
-			shift
 			;;
 		-m|--merge)
-			shift
 			update="merge"
 			;;
 		--recursive)
-			shift
 			recursive=1
 			;;
 		--)
@@ -422,6 +431,8 @@
 			break
 			;;
 		esac
+		orig_flags="$orig_flags $(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$1")"
+		shift
 	done
 
 	if test -n "$init"
@@ -429,9 +440,15 @@
 		cmd_init "--" "$@" || return
 	fi
 
+	cloned_modules=
 	module_list "$@" |
 	while read mode sha1 stage path
 	do
+		if test "$stage" = U
+		then
+			echo >&2 "Skipping unmerged submodule $path"
+			continue
+		fi
 		name=$(module_name "$path") || exit
 		url=$(git config submodule."$name".url)
 		update_module=$(git config submodule."$name".update)
@@ -448,6 +465,7 @@
 		if ! test -d "$path"/.git -o -f "$path"/.git
 		then
 			module_clone "$path" "$url" "$reference"|| exit
+			cloned_modules="$cloned_modules;$name"
 			subsha1=
 		else
 			subsha1=$(clear_local_git_env; cd "$path" &&
@@ -470,11 +488,21 @@
 
 			if test -z "$nofetch"
 			then
+				# Run fetch only if $sha1 isn't present or it
+				# is not reachable from a ref.
 				(clear_local_git_env; cd "$path" &&
-					git-fetch) ||
+					( (rev=$(git rev-list -n 1 $sha1 --not --all 2>/dev/null) &&
+					 test -z "$rev") || git-fetch)) ||
 				die "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$path'"
 			fi
 
+			# Is this something we just cloned?
+			case ";$cloned_modules;" in
+			*";$name;"*)
+				# then there is no local change to integrate
+				update_module= ;;
+			esac
+
 			case "$update_module" in
 			rebase)
 				command="git rebase"
@@ -500,7 +528,7 @@
 
 		if test -n "$recursive"
 		then
-			(clear_local_git_env; cd "$path" && cmd_update $orig_args) ||
+			(clear_local_git_env; cd "$path" && eval cmd_update "$orig_flags") ||
 			die "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$path'"
 		fi
 	done
@@ -733,7 +761,7 @@
 cmd_status()
 {
 	# parse $args after "submodule ... status".
-	orig_args="$@"
+	orig_flags=
 	while test $# -ne 0
 	do
 		case "$1" in
@@ -757,6 +785,7 @@
 			break
 			;;
 		esac
+		orig_flags="$orig_flags $(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$1")"
 		shift
 	done
 
@@ -766,6 +795,11 @@
 		name=$(module_name "$path") || exit
 		url=$(git config submodule."$name".url)
 		displaypath="$prefix$path"
+		if test "$stage" = U
+		then
+			say "U$sha1 $displaypath"
+			continue
+		fi
 		if test -z "$url" || ! test -d "$path"/.git -o -f "$path"/.git
 		then
 			say "-$sha1 $displaypath"
@@ -790,7 +824,7 @@
 				prefix="$displaypath/"
 				clear_local_git_env
 				cd "$path" &&
-				cmd_status $orig_args
+				eval cmd_status "$orig_args"
 			) ||
 			die "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$path'"
 		fi
@@ -836,11 +870,12 @@
 			;;
 		esac
 
+		say "Synchronizing submodule url for '$name'"
+		git config submodule."$name".url "$url"
+
 		if test -e "$path"/.git
 		then
 		(
-			say "Synchronizing submodule url for '$name'"
-			git config submodule."$name".url "$url"
 			clear_local_git_env
 			cd "$path"
 			remote=$(get_default_remote)
diff --git a/git-svn.perl b/git-svn.perl
index 757de82..da3fea8 100755
--- a/git-svn.perl
+++ b/git-svn.perl
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@
 use Getopt::Long qw/:config gnu_getopt no_ignore_case auto_abbrev/;
 use IPC::Open3;
 use Git;
+use Memoize;  # core since 5.8.0, Jul 2002
 
 BEGIN {
 	# import functions from Git into our packages, en masse
@@ -72,6 +73,8 @@
 			*{"${package}::$_"} = \&{"Git::$_"};
 		}
 	}
+	Memoize::memoize 'Git::config';
+	Memoize::memoize 'Git::config_bool';
 }
 
 my ($SVN);
@@ -84,7 +87,7 @@
 	$_version, $_fetch_all, $_no_rebase, $_fetch_parent,
 	$_merge, $_strategy, $_dry_run, $_local,
 	$_prefix, $_no_checkout, $_url, $_verbose,
-	$_git_format, $_commit_url, $_tag);
+	$_git_format, $_commit_url, $_tag, $_merge_info);
 $Git::SVN::_follow_parent = 1;
 $_q ||= 0;
 my %remote_opts = ( 'username=s' => \$Git::SVN::Prompt::_username,
@@ -154,6 +157,7 @@
 			  'commit-url=s' => \$_commit_url,
 			  'revision|r=i' => \$_revision,
 			  'no-rebase' => \$_no_rebase,
+			  'mergeinfo=s' => \$_merge_info,
 			%cmt_opts, %fc_opts } ],
 	branch => [ \&cmd_branch,
 	            'Create a branch in the SVN repository',
@@ -527,7 +531,7 @@
 		$url = eval { command_oneline('config', '--get',
 			      "svn-remote.$gs->{repo_id}.commiturl") };
 		if (!$url) {
-			$url = $gs->full_url
+			$url = $gs->full_pushurl
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -569,6 +573,7 @@
 			                       print "Committed r$_[0]\n";
 			                       $cmt_rev = $_[0];
 			                },
+					mergeinfo => $_merge_info,
 			                svn_path => '');
 			if (!SVN::Git::Editor->new(\%ed_opts)->apply_diff) {
 				print "No changes\n$d~1 == $d\n";
@@ -674,7 +679,7 @@
 	$head ||= 'HEAD';
 
 	my (undef, $rev, undef, $gs) = working_head_info($head);
-	my $src = $gs->full_url;
+	my $src = $gs->full_pushurl;
 
 	my $remote = Git::SVN::read_all_remotes()->{$gs->{repo_id}};
 	my $allglobs = $remote->{ $_tag ? 'tags' : 'branches' };
@@ -725,7 +730,7 @@
 		$url = eval { command_oneline('config', '--get',
 			"svn-remote.$gs->{repo_id}.commiturl") };
 		if (!$url) {
-			$url = $remote->{url};
+			$url = $remote->{pushurl} || $remote->{url};
 		}
 	}
 	my $dst = join '/', $url, $lft, $branch_name, ($rgt || ());
@@ -1829,6 +1834,8 @@
 			$r->{$1}->{svm} = {};
 		} elsif (m!^(.+)\.url=\s*(.*)\s*$!) {
 			$r->{$1}->{url} = $2;
+		} elsif (m!^(.+)\.pushurl=\s*(.*)\s*$!) {
+			$r->{$1}->{pushurl} = $2;
 		} elsif (m!^(.+)\.(branches|tags)=$svn_refspec$!) {
 			my ($remote, $t, $local_ref, $remote_ref) =
 			                                     ($1, $2, $3, $4);
@@ -2066,6 +2073,8 @@
 	$self->{url} = command_oneline('config', '--get',
 	                               "svn-remote.$repo_id.url") or
                   die "Failed to read \"svn-remote.$repo_id.url\" in config\n";
+	$self->{pushurl} = eval { command_oneline('config', '--get',
+	                          "svn-remote.$repo_id.pushurl") };
 	$self->rebuild;
 	$self;
 }
@@ -2543,6 +2552,15 @@
 	$self->{url} . (length $self->{path} ? '/' . $self->{path} : '');
 }
 
+sub full_pushurl {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	if ($self->{pushurl}) {
+		return $self->{pushurl} . (length $self->{path} ? '/' .
+		       $self->{path} : '');
+	} else {
+		return $self->full_url;
+	}
+}
 
 sub set_commit_header_env {
 	my ($log_entry) = @_;
@@ -3195,6 +3213,8 @@
 		Memoize::unmemoize 'check_cherry_pick';
 		Memoize::unmemoize 'has_no_changes';
 	}
+
+	Memoize::memoize 'Git::SVN::repos_root';
 }
 
 END {
@@ -4451,6 +4471,7 @@
 	$self->{path_prefix} = length $self->{svn_path} ?
 	                       "$self->{svn_path}/" : '';
 	$self->{config} = $opts->{config};
+	$self->{mergeinfo} = $opts->{mergeinfo};
 	return $self;
 }
 
@@ -4760,6 +4781,11 @@
 	$self->SUPER::change_file_prop($fbat, $pname, $pval, $self->{pool});
 }
 
+sub change_dir_prop {
+	my ($self, $pbat, $pname, $pval) = @_;
+	$self->SUPER::change_dir_prop($pbat, $pname, $pval, $self->{pool});
+}
+
 sub _chg_file_get_blob ($$$$) {
 	my ($self, $fbat, $m, $which) = @_;
 	my $fh = $::_repository->temp_acquire("git_blob_$which");
@@ -4853,6 +4879,11 @@
 			fatal("Invalid change type: $f");
 		}
 	}
+
+	if (defined($self->{mergeinfo})) {
+		$self->change_dir_prop($self->{bat}{''}, "svn:mergeinfo",
+			               $self->{mergeinfo});
+	}
 	$self->rmdirs if $_rmdir;
 	if (@$mods == 0) {
 		$self->abort_edit;
@@ -5721,7 +5752,7 @@
 	my (@k, $c, $d, $stat);
 	my $esc_color = qr/(?:\033\[(?:(?:\d+;)*\d*)?m)*/;
 	while (<$log>) {
-		if (/^${esc_color}commit -?($::sha1_short)/o) {
+		if (/^${esc_color}commit (?:- )?($::sha1_short)/o) {
 			my $cmt = $1;
 			if ($c && cmt_showable($c) && $c->{r} != $r_last) {
 				$r_last = $c->{r};
diff --git a/git-web--browse.sh b/git-web--browse.sh
index 3fc4166..e9de241 100755
--- a/git-web--browse.sh
+++ b/git-web--browse.sh
@@ -31,154 +31,161 @@
 
 valid_tool() {
 	case "$1" in
-		firefox | iceweasel | chrome | google-chrome | chromium | konqueror | w3m | links | lynx | dillo | open | start)
-			;; # happy
-		*)
-			valid_custom_tool "$1" || return 1
-			;;
+	firefox | iceweasel | seamonkey | iceape | \
+	chrome | google-chrome | chromium | chromium-browser |\
+	konqueror | opera | w3m | elinks | links | lynx | dillo | open | start)
+		;; # happy
+	*)
+		valid_custom_tool "$1" || return 1
+		;;
 	esac
 }
 
 init_browser_path() {
 	browser_path=$(git config "browser.$1.path")
-	test -z "$browser_path" && browser_path="$1"
+	if test -z "$browser_path" &&
+	   test "$1" = chromium &&
+	   type chromium-browser >/dev/null 2>&1
+	then
+		browser_path=chromium-browser
+	fi
+	: ${browser_path:="$1"}
 }
 
 while test $# != 0
 do
-    case "$1" in
+	case "$1" in
 	-b|--browser*|-t|--tool*)
-	    case "$#,$1" in
+		case "$#,$1" in
 		*,*=*)
-		    browser=`expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)'`
-		    ;;
+			browser=`expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)'`
+			;;
 		1,*)
-		    usage ;;
+			usage ;;
 		*)
-		    browser="$2"
-		    shift ;;
-	    esac
-	    ;;
+			browser="$2"
+			shift ;;
+		esac
+		;;
 	-c|--config*)
-	    case "$#,$1" in
+		case "$#,$1" in
 		*,*=*)
-		    conf=`expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)'`
-		    ;;
+			conf=`expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)'`
+			;;
 		1,*)
-		    usage ;;
+			usage ;;
 		*)
-		    conf="$2"
-		    shift ;;
-	    esac
-	    ;;
+			conf="$2"
+			shift ;;
+		esac
+		;;
 	--)
-	    break
-	    ;;
+		break
+		;;
 	-*)
-	    usage
-	    ;;
+		usage
+		;;
 	*)
-	    break
-	    ;;
-    esac
-    shift
+		break
+		;;
+	esac
+	shift
 done
 
 test $# = 0 && usage
 
 if test -z "$browser"
 then
-    for opt in "$conf" "web.browser"
-    do
-	test -z "$opt" && continue
-	browser="`git config $opt`"
-	test -z "$browser" || break
-    done
-    if test -n "$browser" && ! valid_tool "$browser"; then
-	echo >&2 "git config option $opt set to unknown browser: $browser"
-	echo >&2 "Resetting to default..."
-	unset browser
-    fi
+	for opt in "$conf" "web.browser"
+	do
+		test -z "$opt" && continue
+		browser="`git config $opt`"
+		test -z "$browser" || break
+	done
+	if test -n "$browser" && ! valid_tool "$browser"; then
+		echo >&2 "git config option $opt set to unknown browser: $browser"
+		echo >&2 "Resetting to default..."
+		unset browser
+	fi
 fi
 
 if test -z "$browser" ; then
-    if test -n "$DISPLAY"; then
-	browser_candidates="firefox iceweasel google-chrome chrome chromium konqueror w3m links lynx dillo"
-	if test "$KDE_FULL_SESSION" = "true"; then
-	    browser_candidates="konqueror $browser_candidates"
+	if test -n "$DISPLAY"; then
+		browser_candidates="firefox iceweasel google-chrome chrome chromium chromium-browser konqueror opera seamonkey iceape w3m elinks links lynx dillo"
+		if test "$KDE_FULL_SESSION" = "true"; then
+			browser_candidates="konqueror $browser_candidates"
+		fi
+	else
+		browser_candidates="w3m elinks links lynx"
 	fi
-    else
-	browser_candidates="w3m links lynx"
-    fi
-    # SECURITYSESSIONID indicates an OS X GUI login session
-    if test -n "$SECURITYSESSIONID" \
-	    -o "$TERM_PROGRAM" = "Apple_Terminal" ; then
-	browser_candidates="open $browser_candidates"
-    fi
-    # /bin/start indicates MinGW
-    if test -x /bin/start; then
-	browser_candidates="start $browser_candidates"
-    fi
+	# SECURITYSESSIONID indicates an OS X GUI login session
+	if test -n "$SECURITYSESSIONID" \
+		-o "$TERM_PROGRAM" = "Apple_Terminal" ; then
+		browser_candidates="open $browser_candidates"
+	fi
+	# /bin/start indicates MinGW
+	if test -x /bin/start; then
+		browser_candidates="start $browser_candidates"
+	fi
 
-    for i in $browser_candidates; do
-	init_browser_path $i
-	if type "$browser_path" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
-	    browser=$i
-	    break
-	fi
-    done
-    test -z "$browser" && die "No known browser available."
+	for i in $browser_candidates; do
+		init_browser_path $i
+		if type "$browser_path" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+			browser=$i
+			break
+		fi
+	done
+	test -z "$browser" && die "No known browser available."
 else
-    valid_tool "$browser" || die "Unknown browser '$browser'."
+	valid_tool "$browser" || die "Unknown browser '$browser'."
 
-    init_browser_path "$browser"
+	init_browser_path "$browser"
 
-    if test -z "$browser_cmd" && ! type "$browser_path" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
-	die "The browser $browser is not available as '$browser_path'."
-    fi
+	if test -z "$browser_cmd" && ! type "$browser_path" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+		die "The browser $browser is not available as '$browser_path'."
+	fi
 fi
 
 case "$browser" in
-    firefox|iceweasel)
+firefox|iceweasel|seamonkey|iceape)
 	# Check version because firefox < 2.0 does not support "-new-tab".
 	vers=$(expr "$($browser_path -version)" : '.* \([0-9][0-9]*\)\..*')
 	NEWTAB='-new-tab'
 	test "$vers" -lt 2 && NEWTAB=''
 	"$browser_path" $NEWTAB "$@" &
 	;;
-    google-chrome|chrome|chromium)
-	# Actual command for chromium is chromium-browser.
+google-chrome|chrome|chromium|chromium-browser)
 	# No need to specify newTab. It's default in chromium
 	eval "$browser_path" "$@" &
 	;;
-    konqueror)
+konqueror)
 	case "$(basename "$browser_path")" in
-	    konqueror)
+	konqueror)
 		# It's simpler to use kfmclient to open a new tab in konqueror.
 		browser_path="$(echo "$browser_path" | sed -e 's/konqueror$/kfmclient/')"
 		type "$browser_path" > /dev/null 2>&1 || die "No '$browser_path' found."
 		eval "$browser_path" newTab "$@"
 		;;
-	    kfmclient)
+	kfmclient)
 		eval "$browser_path" newTab "$@"
 		;;
-	    *)
+	*)
 		"$browser_path" "$@" &
 		;;
 	esac
 	;;
-    w3m|links|lynx|open)
+w3m|elinks|links|lynx|open)
 	eval "$browser_path" "$@"
 	;;
-    start)
-        exec "$browser_path" '"web-browse"' "$@"
-        ;;
-    dillo)
+start)
+	exec "$browser_path" '"web-browse"' "$@"
+	;;
+opera|dillo)
 	"$browser_path" "$@" &
 	;;
-    *)
+*)
 	if test -n "$browser_cmd"; then
-	    ( eval $browser_cmd "$@" )
+		( eval $browser_cmd "$@" )
 	fi
 	;;
 esac
diff --git a/git.c b/git.c
index 6bea8ee..df4306d 100644
--- a/git.c
+++ b/git.c
@@ -19,14 +19,22 @@
 static int use_pager = -1;
 struct pager_config {
 	const char *cmd;
-	int val;
+	int want;
+	char *value;
 };
 
 static int pager_command_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *data)
 {
 	struct pager_config *c = data;
-	if (!prefixcmp(var, "pager.") && !strcmp(var + 6, c->cmd))
-		c->val = git_config_bool(var, value);
+	if (!prefixcmp(var, "pager.") && !strcmp(var + 6, c->cmd)) {
+		int b = git_config_maybe_bool(var, value);
+		if (b >= 0)
+			c->want = b;
+		else {
+			c->want = 1;
+			c->value = xstrdup(value);
+		}
+	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -35,9 +43,12 @@
 {
 	struct pager_config c;
 	c.cmd = cmd;
-	c.val = -1;
+	c.want = -1;
+	c.value = NULL;
 	git_config(pager_command_config, &c);
-	return c.val;
+	if (c.value)
+		pager_program = c.value;
+	return c.want;
 }
 
 static void commit_pager_choice(void) {
@@ -164,24 +175,24 @@
 	alias_string = alias_lookup(alias_command);
 	if (alias_string) {
 		if (alias_string[0] == '!') {
-			commit_pager_choice();
-			if (*argcp > 1) {
-				struct strbuf buf;
+			const char **alias_argv;
+			int argc = *argcp, i;
 
-				strbuf_init(&buf, PATH_MAX);
-				strbuf_addstr(&buf, alias_string);
-				sq_quote_argv(&buf, (*argv) + 1, PATH_MAX);
-				free(alias_string);
-				alias_string = buf.buf;
-			}
-			trace_printf("trace: alias to shell cmd: %s => %s\n",
-				     alias_command, alias_string + 1);
-			ret = system(alias_string + 1);
-			if (ret >= 0 && WIFEXITED(ret) &&
-			    WEXITSTATUS(ret) != 127)
-				exit(WEXITSTATUS(ret));
-			die("Failed to run '%s' when expanding alias '%s'",
-			    alias_string + 1, alias_command);
+			commit_pager_choice();
+
+			/* build alias_argv */
+			alias_argv = xmalloc(sizeof(*alias_argv) * (argc + 1));
+			alias_argv[0] = alias_string + 1;
+			for (i = 1; i < argc; ++i)
+				alias_argv[i] = (*argv)[i];
+			alias_argv[argc] = NULL;
+
+			ret = run_command_v_opt(alias_argv, RUN_USING_SHELL);
+			if (ret >= 0)   /* normal exit */
+				exit(ret);
+
+			die_errno("While expanding alias '%s': '%s'",
+			    alias_command, alias_string + 1);
 		}
 		count = split_cmdline(alias_string, &new_argv);
 		if (count < 0)
@@ -300,7 +311,6 @@
 	const char *cmd = argv[0];
 	static struct cmd_struct commands[] = {
 		{ "add", cmd_add, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
-		{ "stage", cmd_add, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 		{ "annotate", cmd_annotate, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "apply", cmd_apply, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
 		{ "archive", cmd_archive },
@@ -309,15 +319,15 @@
 		{ "branch", cmd_branch, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "bundle", cmd_bundle, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
 		{ "cat-file", cmd_cat_file, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "check-attr", cmd_check_attr, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "check-ref-format", cmd_check_ref_format },
 		{ "checkout", cmd_checkout, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 		{ "checkout-index", cmd_checkout_index,
 			RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE},
-		{ "check-ref-format", cmd_check_ref_format },
-		{ "check-attr", cmd_check_attr, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "cherry", cmd_cherry, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "cherry-pick", cmd_cherry_pick, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
-		{ "clone", cmd_clone },
 		{ "clean", cmd_clean, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
+		{ "clone", cmd_clone },
 		{ "commit", cmd_commit, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 		{ "commit-tree", cmd_commit_tree, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "config", cmd_config, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
@@ -345,8 +355,8 @@
 		{ "init-db", cmd_init_db },
 		{ "log", cmd_log, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "ls-files", cmd_ls_files, RUN_SETUP },
-		{ "ls-tree", cmd_ls_tree, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "ls-remote", cmd_ls_remote, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
+		{ "ls-tree", cmd_ls_tree, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "mailinfo", cmd_mailinfo },
 		{ "mailsplit", cmd_mailsplit },
 		{ "merge", cmd_merge, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
@@ -366,6 +376,7 @@
 		{ "notes", cmd_notes, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "pack-objects", cmd_pack_objects, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "pack-redundant", cmd_pack_redundant, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "pack-refs", cmd_pack_refs, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "patch-id", cmd_patch_id },
 		{ "peek-remote", cmd_ls_remote, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
 		{ "pickaxe", cmd_blame, RUN_SETUP },
@@ -376,8 +387,10 @@
 		{ "receive-pack", cmd_receive_pack },
 		{ "reflog", cmd_reflog, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "remote", cmd_remote, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "remote-ext", cmd_remote_ext },
+		{ "remote-fd", cmd_remote_fd },
 		{ "replace", cmd_replace, RUN_SETUP },
-		{ "repo-config", cmd_config, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
+		{ "repo-config", cmd_repo_config, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
 		{ "rerere", cmd_rerere, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "reset", cmd_reset, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "rev-list", cmd_rev_list, RUN_SETUP },
@@ -386,8 +399,10 @@
 		{ "rm", cmd_rm, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "send-pack", cmd_send_pack, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "shortlog", cmd_shortlog, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY | USE_PAGER },
-		{ "show-branch", cmd_show_branch, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "show", cmd_show, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "show-branch", cmd_show_branch, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "show-ref", cmd_show_ref, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "stage", cmd_add, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 		{ "status", cmd_status, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 		{ "stripspace", cmd_stripspace },
 		{ "symbolic-ref", cmd_symbolic_ref, RUN_SETUP },
@@ -400,13 +415,11 @@
 		{ "update-server-info", cmd_update_server_info, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "upload-archive", cmd_upload_archive },
 		{ "var", cmd_var, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
+		{ "verify-pack", cmd_verify_pack },
 		{ "verify-tag", cmd_verify_tag, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "version", cmd_version },
 		{ "whatchanged", cmd_whatchanged, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "write-tree", cmd_write_tree, RUN_SETUP },
-		{ "verify-pack", cmd_verify_pack },
-		{ "show-ref", cmd_show_ref, RUN_SETUP },
-		{ "pack-refs", cmd_pack_refs, RUN_SETUP },
 	};
 	int i;
 	static const char ext[] = STRIP_EXTENSION;
diff --git a/gitk-git/gitk b/gitk-git/gitk
old mode 100644
new mode 100755
index 1b0e09a..4cde0c4
--- a/gitk-git/gitk
+++ b/gitk-git/gitk
@@ -131,6 +131,7 @@
 
 proc parseviewargs {n arglist} {
     global vdatemode vmergeonly vflags vdflags vrevs vfiltered vorigargs env
+    global worddiff git_version
 
     set vdatemode($n) 0
     set vmergeonly($n) 0
@@ -168,7 +169,7 @@
 		lappend diffargs $arg
 	    }
 	    "--raw" - "--patch-with-raw" - "--patch-with-stat" -
-	    "--name-only" - "--name-status" - "--color" - "--color-words" -
+	    "--name-only" - "--name-status" - "--color" -
 	    "--log-size" - "--pretty=*" - "--decorate" - "--abbrev-commit" -
 	    "--cc" - "-z" - "--header" - "--parents" - "--boundary" -
 	    "--no-color" - "-g" - "--walk-reflogs" - "--no-walk" -
@@ -177,6 +178,18 @@
 		# These cause our parsing of git log's output to fail, or else
 		# they're options we want to set ourselves, so ignore them.
 	    }
+	    "--color-words*" - "--word-diff=color" {
+		# These trigger a word diff in the console interface,
+		# so help the user by enabling our own support
+		if {[package vcompare $git_version "1.7.2"] >= 0} {
+		    set worddiff [mc "Color words"]
+		}
+	    }
+	    "--word-diff*" {
+		if {[package vcompare $git_version "1.7.2"] >= 0} {
+		    set worddiff [mc "Markup words"]
+		}
+	    }
 	    "--stat=*" - "--numstat" - "--shortstat" - "--summary" -
 	    "--check" - "--exit-code" - "--quiet" - "--topo-order" -
 	    "--full-history" - "--dense" - "--sparse" -
@@ -313,6 +326,7 @@
     global viewactive viewinstances vmergeonly
     global mainheadid viewmainheadid viewmainheadid_orig
     global vcanopt vflags vrevs vorigargs
+    global show_notes
 
     set startmsecs [clock clicks -milliseconds]
     set commitidx($view) 0
@@ -361,8 +375,8 @@
     }
 
     if {[catch {
-	set fd [open [concat | git log --no-color -z --pretty=raw --parents \
-			 --boundary $args "--" $files] r]
+	set fd [open [concat | git log --no-color -z --pretty=raw $show_notes \
+			--parents --boundary $args "--" $files] r]
     } err]} {
 	error_popup "[mc "Error executing git log:"] $err"
 	return 0
@@ -456,6 +470,7 @@
     global mainheadid viewmainheadid viewmainheadid_orig pending_select
     global isworktree
     global varcid vposids vnegids vflags vrevs
+    global show_notes
 
     set isworktree [expr {[exec git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree] == "true"}]
     rereadrefs
@@ -508,8 +523,8 @@
 	set args $vorigargs($view)
     }
     if {[catch {
-	set fd [open [concat | git log --no-color -z --pretty=raw --parents \
-			  --boundary $args "--" $vfilelimit($view)] r]
+	set fd [open [concat | git log --no-color -z --pretty=raw $show_notes \
+			--parents --boundary $args "--" $vfilelimit($view)] r]
     } err]} {
 	error_popup "[mc "Error executing git log:"] $err"
 	return
@@ -1970,6 +1985,8 @@
     global fprogitem fprogcoord lastprogupdate progupdatepending
     global rprogitem rprogcoord rownumsel numcommits
     global have_tk85 use_ttk NS
+    global git_version
+    global worddiff
 
     # The "mc" arguments here are purely so that xgettext
     # sees the following string as needing to be translated
@@ -2243,6 +2260,15 @@
     ${NS}::checkbutton .bleft.mid.ignspace -text [mc "Ignore space change"] \
 	-command changeignorespace -variable ignorespace
     pack .bleft.mid.ignspace -side left -padx 5
+
+    set worddiff [mc "Line diff"]
+    if {[package vcompare $git_version "1.7.2"] >= 0} {
+	makedroplist .bleft.mid.worddiff worddiff [mc "Line diff"] \
+	    [mc "Markup words"] [mc "Color words"]
+	trace add variable worddiff write changeworddiff
+	pack .bleft.mid.worddiff -side left -padx 5
+    }
+
     set ctext .bleft.bottom.ctext
     text $ctext -background $bgcolor -foreground $fgcolor \
 	-state disabled -font textfont \
@@ -2451,6 +2477,7 @@
     global ctxbut
     bind $cflist $ctxbut {pop_flist_menu %W %X %Y %x %y}
     bind $ctext $ctxbut {pop_diff_menu %W %X %Y %x %y}
+    bind $ctext <Button-1> {focus %W}
 
     set maincursor [. cget -cursor]
     set textcursor [$ctext cget -cursor]
@@ -2625,7 +2652,7 @@
     global viewname viewfiles viewargs viewargscmd viewperm nextviewnum
     global cmitmode wrapcomment datetimeformat limitdiffs
     global colors uicolor bgcolor fgcolor diffcolors diffcontext selectbgcolor
-    global autoselect extdifftool perfile_attrs markbgcolor use_ttk
+    global autoselect autosellen extdifftool perfile_attrs markbgcolor use_ttk
     global hideremotes want_ttk
 
     if {$stuffsaved} return
@@ -2646,6 +2673,7 @@
 	puts $f [list set cmitmode $cmitmode]
 	puts $f [list set wrapcomment $wrapcomment]
 	puts $f [list set autoselect $autoselect]
+	puts $f [list set autosellen $autosellen]
 	puts $f [list set showneartags $showneartags]
 	puts $f [list set hideremotes $hideremotes]
 	puts $f [list set showlocalchanges $showlocalchanges]
@@ -6273,6 +6301,7 @@
 	       -width $lthickness -fill black -tags tag.$id]
     $canv lower $t
     foreach tag $marks x $xvals wid $wvals {
+	set tag_quoted [string map {% %%} $tag]
 	set xl [expr {$x + $delta}]
 	set xr [expr {$x + $delta + $wid + $lthickness}]
 	set font mainfont
@@ -6281,7 +6310,7 @@
 	    set t [$canv create polygon $x [expr {$yt + $delta}] $xl $yt \
 		       $xr $yt $xr $yb $xl $yb $x [expr {$yb - $delta}] \
 		       -width 1 -outline black -fill yellow -tags tag.$id]
-	    $canv bind $t <1> [list showtag $tag 1]
+	    $canv bind $t <1> [list showtag $tag_quoted 1]
 	    set rowtextx([rowofcommit $id]) [expr {$xr + $linespc}]
 	} else {
 	    # draw a head or other ref
@@ -6308,9 +6337,9 @@
 	set t [$canv create text $xl $y1 -anchor w -text $tag -fill $fgcolor \
 		   -font $font -tags [list tag.$id text]]
 	if {$ntags >= 0} {
-	    $canv bind $t <1> [list showtag $tag 1]
+	    $canv bind $t <1> [list showtag $tag_quoted 1]
 	} elseif {$nheads >= 0} {
-	    $canv bind $t $ctxbut [list headmenu %X %Y $id $tag]
+	    $canv bind $t $ctxbut [list headmenu %X %Y $id $tag_quoted]
 	}
     }
     return $xt
@@ -6869,7 +6898,7 @@
     global mergemax numcommits pending_select
     global cmitmode showneartags allcommits
     global targetrow targetid lastscrollrows
-    global autoselect jump_to_here
+    global autoselect autosellen jump_to_here
 
     catch {unset pending_select}
     $canv delete hover
@@ -6931,7 +6960,7 @@
     $sha1entry delete 0 end
     $sha1entry insert 0 $id
     if {$autoselect} {
-	$sha1entry selection range 0 end
+	$sha1entry selection range 0 $autosellen
     }
     rhighlight_sel $id
 
@@ -7301,6 +7330,7 @@
 			    [lindex [split $commentend .] 0]}]
 	    mark_ctext_line $lnum
 	}
+	$ctext config -state disabled
 	return 0
     }
     $ctext config -state disabled
@@ -7502,11 +7532,16 @@
     reselectline
 }
 
+proc changeworddiff {name ix op} {
+    reselectline
+}
+
 proc getblobdiffs {ids} {
     global blobdifffd diffids env
     global diffinhdr treediffs
     global diffcontext
     global ignorespace
+    global worddiff
     global limitdiffs vfilelimit curview
     global diffencoding targetline diffnparents
     global git_version currdiffsubmod
@@ -7523,6 +7558,9 @@
     if {$ignorespace} {
 	append cmd " -w"
     }
+    if {$worddiff ne [mc "Line diff"]} {
+	append cmd " --word-diff=porcelain"
+    }
     if {$limitdiffs && $vfilelimit($curview) ne {}} {
 	set cmd [concat $cmd -- $vfilelimit($curview)]
     }
@@ -7608,6 +7646,7 @@
     global ctext_file_names ctext_file_lines
     global diffinhdr treediffs mergemax diffnparents
     global diffencoding jump_to_here targetline diffline currdiffsubmod
+    global worddiff
 
     set nr 0
     $ctext conf -state normal
@@ -7747,15 +7786,28 @@
 	    # parse the prefix - one ' ', '-' or '+' for each parent
 	    set prefix [string range $line 0 [expr {$diffnparents - 1}]]
 	    set tag [expr {$diffnparents > 1? "m": "d"}]
+	    set dowords [expr {$worddiff ne [mc "Line diff"] && $diffnparents == 1}]
+	    set words_pre_markup ""
+	    set words_post_markup ""
 	    if {[string trim $prefix " -+"] eq {}} {
 		# prefix only has " ", "-" and "+" in it: normal diff line
 		set num [string first "-" $prefix]
+		if {$dowords} {
+		    set line [string range $line 1 end]
+		}
 		if {$num >= 0} {
 		    # removed line, first parent with line is $num
 		    if {$num >= $mergemax} {
 			set num "max"
 		    }
-		    $ctext insert end "$line\n" $tag$num
+		    if {$dowords && $worddiff eq [mc "Markup words"]} {
+			$ctext insert end "\[-$line-\]" $tag$num
+		    } else {
+			$ctext insert end "$line" $tag$num
+		    }
+		    if {!$dowords} {
+			$ctext insert end "\n" $tag$num
+		    }
 		} else {
 		    set tags {}
 		    if {[string first "+" $prefix] >= 0} {
@@ -7770,6 +7822,8 @@
 				lappend tags m$num
 			    }
 			}
+			set words_pre_markup "{+"
+			set words_post_markup "+}"
 		    }
 		    if {$targetline ne {}} {
 			if {$diffline == $targetline} {
@@ -7779,8 +7833,17 @@
 			    incr diffline
 			}
 		    }
-		    $ctext insert end "$line\n" $tags
+		    if {$dowords && $worddiff eq [mc "Markup words"]} {
+			$ctext insert end "$words_pre_markup$line$words_post_markup" $tags
+		    } else {
+			$ctext insert end "$line" $tags
+		    }
+		    if {!$dowords} {
+			$ctext insert end "\n" $tags
+		    }
 		}
+	    } elseif {$dowords && $prefix eq "~"} {
+		$ctext insert end "\n" {}
 	    } else {
 		# "\ No newline at end of file",
 		# or something else we don't recognize
@@ -9002,7 +9065,7 @@
 			to file '%s'.\nPlease commit, reset or stash\
 			your changes and try again." $fname]
 	} elseif {[regexp -line \
-		       {^(CONFLICT \(.*\):|Automatic cherry-pick failed)} \
+		       {^(CONFLICT \(.*\):|Automatic cherry-pick failed|error: could not apply)} \
 		       $err]} {
 	    if {[confirm_popup [mc "Cherry-pick failed because of merge\
 			conflict.\nDo you wish to run git citool to\
@@ -10695,7 +10758,7 @@
     global maxwidth maxgraphpct use_ttk NS
     global oldprefs prefstop showneartags showlocalchanges
     global uicolor bgcolor fgcolor ctext diffcolors selectbgcolor markbgcolor
-    global tabstop limitdiffs autoselect extdifftool perfile_attrs
+    global tabstop limitdiffs autoselect autosellen extdifftool perfile_attrs
     global hideremotes want_ttk have_ttk
 
     set top .gitkprefs
@@ -10723,9 +10786,10 @@
     ${NS}::checkbutton $top.showlocal -text [mc "Show local changes"] \
 	-variable showlocalchanges
     grid x $top.showlocal -sticky w
-    ${NS}::checkbutton $top.autoselect -text [mc "Auto-select SHA1"] \
+    ${NS}::checkbutton $top.autoselect -text [mc "Auto-select SHA1 (length)"] \
 	-variable autoselect
-    grid x $top.autoselect -sticky w
+    spinbox $top.autosellen -from 1 -to 40 -width 4 -textvariable autosellen
+    grid x $top.autoselect $top.autosellen -sticky w
     ${NS}::checkbutton $top.hideremotes -text [mc "Hide remote refs"] \
 	-variable hideremotes
     grid x $top.hideremotes -sticky w
@@ -11367,6 +11431,7 @@
 set limitdiffs 1
 set datetimeformat "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
 set autoselect 1
+set autosellen 40
 set perfile_attrs 0
 set want_ttk 1
 
@@ -11391,6 +11456,7 @@
 set diffcolors {red "#00a000" blue}
 set diffcontext 3
 set ignorespace 0
+set worddiff ""
 set markbgcolor "#e0e0ff"
 
 set circlecolors {white blue gray blue blue}
@@ -11519,7 +11585,12 @@
 set use_ttk [expr {$have_ttk && $want_ttk}]
 set NS [expr {$use_ttk ? "ttk" : ""}]
 
-set git_version [join [lrange [split [lindex [exec git version] end] .] 0 2] .]
+regexp {^git version ([\d.]*\d)} [exec git version] _ git_version
+
+set show_notes {}
+if {[package vcompare $git_version "1.6.6.2"] >= 0} {
+    set show_notes "--show-notes"
+}
 
 set runq {}
 set history {}
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/pt_br.po b/gitk-git/po/pt_br.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1486e32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gitk-git/po/pt_br.po
@@ -0,0 +1,1277 @@
+# Translation of gitk to Brazilian Portuguese.
+# Copyright (C) 2007 Paul Mackerras, et al.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the gitk package.
+#
+# Alexandre Erwin Ittner <alexandre@ittner.com.br>, 2010.
+#
+#, fuzzy
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: gitk\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-01-26 15:47-0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-12-06 23:39-0200\n"
+"Last-Translator: Alexandre Erwin Ittner <alexandre@ittner.com.br>\n"
+"Language-Team: Brazilian Portuguese <>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#: gitk:115
+msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
+msgstr "Não foi possível obter a lista dos arquivos não mesclados:"
+
+#: gitk:274
+msgid "Error parsing revisions:"
+msgstr "Erro ao interpretar revisões:"
+
+#: gitk:330
+msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
+msgstr "Erro ao executar o comando--argscmd:"
+
+#: gitk:343
+msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
+msgstr ""
+"Nenhum arquivo foi selecionado: --merge especificado mas não há arquivos não-"
+"mesclados."
+
+#: gitk:346
+msgid ""
+"No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
+"limit."
+msgstr ""
+"Nenhum arquivo foi selecionado: --merge especificado mas não há arquivos não-"
+"mesclados dentro dos limites."
+
+#: gitk:368 gitk:516
+msgid "Error executing git log:"
+msgstr "Erro ao executar git log:"
+
+#: gitk:386 gitk:532
+msgid "Reading"
+msgstr "Lendo"
+
+#: gitk:446 gitk:4271
+msgid "Reading commits..."
+msgstr "Lendo revisões..."
+
+#: gitk:449 gitk:1580 gitk:4274
+msgid "No commits selected"
+msgstr "Nenhuma revisão foi selecionada"
+
+#: gitk:1456
+msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
+msgstr "Não foi possível interpretar a saída do \"git log\":"
+
+#: gitk:1676
+msgid "No commit information available"
+msgstr "Não há informações disponíveis sobre a revisão"
+
+#: gitk:1818
+msgid "mc"
+msgstr "mc"
+
+#: gitk:1853 gitk:4064 gitk:9067 gitk:10607 gitk:10817
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "Ok"
+
+#: gitk:1855 gitk:4066 gitk:8657 gitk:8736 gitk:8851 gitk:8900 gitk:9069
+#: gitk:10608 gitk:10818
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "Cancelar"
+
+#: gitk:1980
+msgid "Update"
+msgstr "Atualizar"
+
+#: gitk:1981
+msgid "Reload"
+msgstr "Recarregar"
+
+#: gitk:1982
+msgid "Reread references"
+msgstr "Ler as referências novamente"
+
+#: gitk:1983
+msgid "List references"
+msgstr "Listar referências"
+
+#: gitk:1985
+msgid "Start git gui"
+msgstr "Iniciar Git GUI"
+
+#: gitk:1987
+msgid "Quit"
+msgstr "Sair"
+
+#: gitk:1979
+msgid "File"
+msgstr "Arquivo"
+
+#: gitk:1991
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "Preferências"
+
+#: gitk:1990
+msgid "Edit"
+msgstr "Editar"
+
+#: gitk:1995
+msgid "New view..."
+msgstr "Nova vista..."
+
+#: gitk:1996
+msgid "Edit view..."
+msgstr "Editar vista..."
+
+#: gitk:1997
+msgid "Delete view"
+msgstr "Apagar vista"
+
+#: gitk:1999
+msgid "All files"
+msgstr "Todos os arquivos"
+
+#: gitk:1994 gitk:3817
+msgid "View"
+msgstr "Exibir"
+
+#: gitk:2004 gitk:2014 gitk:2787
+msgid "About gitk"
+msgstr "Sobre o gitk"
+
+#: gitk:2005 gitk:2019
+msgid "Key bindings"
+msgstr "Atalhos de teclado"
+
+#: gitk:2003 gitk:2018
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr "Ajuda"
+
+#: gitk:2096 gitk:8132
+msgid "SHA1 ID:"
+msgstr "SHA1 ID:"
+
+#: gitk:2127
+msgid "Row"
+msgstr "Linha"
+
+#: gitk:2165
+msgid "Find"
+msgstr "Encontrar"
+
+#: gitk:2166
+msgid "next"
+msgstr "Próximo"
+
+#: gitk:2167
+msgid "prev"
+msgstr "Anterior"
+
+#: gitk:2168
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "Revisão"
+
+#: gitk:2171 gitk:2173 gitk:4432 gitk:4455 gitk:4479 gitk:6420 gitk:6492
+#: gitk:6576
+msgid "containing:"
+msgstr "contendo:"
+
+#: gitk:2174 gitk:3298 gitk:3303 gitk:4507
+msgid "touching paths:"
+msgstr "envolvendo os caminhos:"
+
+#: gitk:2175 gitk:4512
+msgid "adding/removing string:"
+msgstr "Adicionando/removendo texto:"
+
+#: gitk:2184 gitk:2186
+msgid "Exact"
+msgstr "Exatamente"
+
+#: gitk:2186 gitk:4587 gitk:6388
+msgid "IgnCase"
+msgstr "Ignorar maiúsculas/minúsculas"
+
+#: gitk:2186 gitk:4481 gitk:4585 gitk:6384
+msgid "Regexp"
+msgstr "Expressão regular"
+
+#: gitk:2188 gitk:2189 gitk:4606 gitk:4636 gitk:4643 gitk:6512 gitk:6580
+msgid "All fields"
+msgstr "Todos os campos"
+
+#: gitk:2189 gitk:4604 gitk:4636 gitk:6451
+msgid "Headline"
+msgstr "Assunto"
+
+#: gitk:2190 gitk:4604 gitk:6451 gitk:6580 gitk:7013
+msgid "Comments"
+msgstr "Descrição da revisão"
+
+#: gitk:2190 gitk:4604 gitk:4608 gitk:4643 gitk:6451 gitk:6948 gitk:8307
+#: gitk:8322
+msgid "Author"
+msgstr "Autor"
+
+#: gitk:2190 gitk:4604 gitk:6451 gitk:6950
+msgid "Committer"
+msgstr "Revisor"
+
+#: gitk:2221
+msgid "Search"
+msgstr "Buscar"
+
+#: gitk:2229
+msgid "Diff"
+msgstr "Diferenças"
+
+#: gitk:2231
+msgid "Old version"
+msgstr "Versão antiga"
+
+#: gitk:2233
+msgid "New version"
+msgstr "Versão nova"
+
+#: gitk:2235
+msgid "Lines of context"
+msgstr "Número de linhas de contexto"
+
+#: gitk:2245
+msgid "Ignore space change"
+msgstr "Ignorar mudanças de caixa"
+
+#: gitk:2304
+msgid "Patch"
+msgstr "Diferenças"
+
+#: gitk:2306
+msgid "Tree"
+msgstr "Árvore"
+
+#: gitk:2463 gitk:2480
+msgid "Diff this -> selected"
+msgstr "Comparar esta revisão com a selecionada"
+
+#: gitk:2464 gitk:2481
+msgid "Diff selected -> this"
+msgstr "Comparar a revisão selecionada com esta"
+
+#: gitk:2465 gitk:2482
+msgid "Make patch"
+msgstr "Criar patch"
+
+#: gitk:2466 gitk:8715
+msgid "Create tag"
+msgstr "Criar etiqueta"
+
+#: gitk:2467 gitk:8831
+msgid "Write commit to file"
+msgstr "Salvar revisão para um arquivo"
+
+#: gitk:2468 gitk:8888
+msgid "Create new branch"
+msgstr "Criar novo ramo"
+
+#: gitk:2469
+msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
+msgstr "Fazer cherry-pick desta revisão"
+
+#: gitk:2470
+msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
+msgstr "Redefinir HEAD para cá"
+
+#: gitk:2471
+msgid "Mark this commit"
+msgstr "Marcar esta revisão"
+
+#: gitk:2472
+msgid "Return to mark"
+msgstr "Voltar à marca"
+
+#: gitk:2473
+msgid "Find descendant of this and mark"
+msgstr "Encontrar descendente e marcar"
+
+#: gitk:2474
+msgid "Compare with marked commit"
+msgstr "Comparar com a revisão marcada"
+
+#: gitk:2488
+msgid "Check out this branch"
+msgstr "Efetuar checkout deste ramo"
+
+#: gitk:2489
+msgid "Remove this branch"
+msgstr "Excluir este ramo"
+
+#: gitk:2496
+msgid "Highlight this too"
+msgstr "Marcar este também"
+
+#: gitk:2497
+msgid "Highlight this only"
+msgstr "Marcar apenas este"
+
+#: gitk:2498
+msgid "External diff"
+msgstr "Diff externo"
+
+#: gitk:2499
+msgid "Blame parent commit"
+msgstr "Anotar revisão anterior"
+
+#: gitk:2506
+msgid "Show origin of this line"
+msgstr "Exibir origem desta linha"
+
+#: gitk:2507
+msgid "Run git gui blame on this line"
+msgstr "Executar 'git blame' nesta linha"
+
+#: gitk:2789
+msgid "\n"
+"Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
+"\n"
+"Copyright ©9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"\n"
+"Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
+msgstr "\n"
+"Gitk - um visualizador de revisões para o git \n"
+"\n"
+"Copyright ©9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"\n"
+"Uso e distribuição segundo os termos da Licença Pública Geral GNU"
+
+#: gitk:2797 gitk:2862 gitk:9253
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "Fechar"
+
+#: gitk:2818
+msgid "Gitk key bindings"
+msgstr "Atalhos de teclado"
+
+#: gitk:2821
+msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
+msgstr "Atalhos de teclado:"
+
+#: gitk:2823
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
+msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tSair"
+
+#: gitk:2824
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-W>\t\tClose window"
+msgstr "<%s-W>\t\tFechar janela"
+
+#: gitk:2825
+msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
+msgstr "<Home>\t\tIr para a primeira revisão"
+
+#: gitk:2826
+msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
+msgstr "<End>\t\tIr para a última revisão"
+
+#: gitk:2827
+msgid "<Up>, p, i\tMove up one commit"
+msgstr "<Up>, p, i\tIr para uma revisão acima"
+
+#: gitk:2828
+msgid "<Down>, n, k\tMove down one commit"
+msgstr "<Down>, n, k\tIr para uma revisão abaixo"
+
+#: gitk:2829
+msgid "<Left>, z, j\tGo back in history list"
+msgstr "<Left>, z, j\tVoltar no histórico"
+
+#: gitk:2830
+msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
+msgstr "<Right>, x, l\tAvançar no histórico"
+
+#: gitk:2831
+msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
+msgstr "<PageUp>\tSubir uma página na lista de revisões"
+
+#: gitk:2832
+msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
+msgstr "<PageDown>\tDescer uma página na lista de revisões"
+
+#: gitk:2833
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
+msgstr "<%s-Home>\tRolar para o início da lista de revisões"
+
+#: gitk:2834
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
+msgstr "<%s-End>\tRolar para o final da lista de revisões"
+
+#: gitk:2835
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
+msgstr "<%s-Up>\tRolar uma linha acima na lista de revisões"
+
+#: gitk:2836
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
+msgstr "<%s-Down>\tRolar uma linha abaixo na lista de revisões"
+
+#: gitk:2837
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
+msgstr "<%s-PageUp>\tRolar uma página acima na lista de revisões"
+
+#: gitk:2838
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
+msgstr "<%s-PageDown>\tRolar uma página abaixo na lista de revisões"
+
+#: gitk:2839
+msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
+msgstr "<Shift-Up>\tProcurar próxima (revisões mas recentes)"
+
+#: gitk:2840
+msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
+msgstr "<Shift-Down>\tProcurar anterior (revisões mais antigas)"
+
+#: gitk:2841
+msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
+msgstr "<Delete>, b\tRola alterações uma página acima"
+
+#: gitk:2842
+msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
+msgstr "<Backspace>\tRolar alterações uma página abaixo"
+
+#: gitk:2843
+msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
+msgstr "<Space>\t\tRolar alterações uma página abaixo"
+
+#: gitk:2844
+msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
+msgstr "u\t\tRolar alterações 18 linhas acima"
+
+#: gitk:2845
+msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
+msgstr "d\t\tRolar alterações 18 linhas abaixo"
+
+#: gitk:2846
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
+msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tProcurar"
+
+#: gitk:2847
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
+msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tIr para a próxima ocorrência"
+
+#: gitk:2848
+msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
+msgstr "<Return>\tIr para a próxima ocorrência"
+
+#: gitk:2849
+msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
+msgstr "/\t\tPor foco na caixa de busca"
+
+#: gitk:2850
+msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
+msgstr "?\t\tIr para a ocorrência anterior"
+
+#: gitk:2851
+msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
+msgstr "f\t\tRolar alterações para o próximo arquivo"
+
+#: gitk:2852
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
+msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tProcurar a próxima ocorrência na lista de alterações"
+
+#: gitk:2853
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
+msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tProcurar ocorrência anterior na lista de alterações"
+
+#: gitk:2854
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-KP+>\tAumentar tamanho da fonte"
+
+#: gitk:2855
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-plus>\tAumentar tamanho da fonte"
+
+#: gitk:2856
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-KP->\tReduzir tamanho da fonte"
+
+#: gitk:2857
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-minus>\tReduzir tamanho da fonte"
+
+#: gitk:2858
+msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
+msgstr "<F5>\t\tAtualizar"
+
+#: gitk:3313 gitk:3322
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error creating temporary directory %s:"
+msgstr "Erro ao criar o diretório temporário %s:"
+
+#: gitk:3335
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
+msgstr "Erro ao ler \"%s\" de %s:"
+
+#: gitk:3398
+msgid "command failed:"
+msgstr "O comando falhou:"
+
+#: gitk:3547
+msgid "No such commit"
+msgstr "Revisão não encontrada"
+
+#: gitk:3561
+msgid "git gui blame: command failed:"
+msgstr "Comando 'git gui blame' falhou:"
+
+#: gitk:3592
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Couldn't read merge head: %s"
+msgstr "Impossível ler merge head: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3600
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error reading index: %s"
+msgstr "Erro ao ler o índice: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3625
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Couldn't start git blame: %s"
+msgstr "Não foi possível inciar o 'git blame': %s"
+
+#: gitk:3628 gitk:6419
+msgid "Searching"
+msgstr "Procurando"
+
+#: gitk:3660
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error running git blame: %s"
+msgstr "Erro ao executar 'git blame': %s"
+
+#: gitk:3688
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "That line comes from commit %s,  which is not in this view"
+msgstr "Esta linha vem da revisão %s, que não está nesta vista"
+
+#: gitk:3702
+msgid "External diff viewer failed:"
+msgstr "Erro do visualizador de alterações externo:"
+
+#: gitk:3820
+msgid "Gitk view definition"
+msgstr "Definir vista"
+
+#: gitk:3824
+msgid "Remember this view"
+msgstr "Lembrar esta vista"
+
+#: gitk:3825
+msgid "References (space separated list):"
+msgstr "Referências (separar a lista com um espaço):"
+
+#: gitk:3826
+msgid "Branches & tags:"
+msgstr "Ramos & etiquetas:"
+
+#: gitk:3827
+msgid "All refs"
+msgstr "Todas as referências"
+
+#: gitk:3828
+msgid "All (local) branches"
+msgstr "Todos os ramos locais"
+
+#: gitk:3829
+msgid "All tags"
+msgstr "Todas as etiquetas"
+
+#: gitk:3830
+msgid "All remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr "Todos os ramos de rastreio"
+
+#: gitk:3831
+msgid "Commit Info (regular expressions):"
+msgstr "Informações da revisão (expressões regulares):"
+
+#: gitk:3832
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "Autor:"
+
+#: gitk:3833
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "Revisor:"
+
+#: gitk:3834
+msgid "Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Descrição da revisão:"
+
+#: gitk:3835
+msgid "Matches all Commit Info criteria"
+msgstr "Coincidir todos os critérios de informações da revisão"
+
+#: gitk:3836
+msgid "Changes to Files:"
+msgstr "Mudanças para os arquivos:"
+
+#: gitk:3837
+msgid "Fixed String"
+msgstr "Texto fixo"
+
+#: gitk:3838
+msgid "Regular Expression"
+msgstr "Expressão regular"
+
+#: gitk:3839
+msgid "Search string:"
+msgstr "Texto de busca"
+
+#: gitk:3840
+msgid ""
+"Commit Dates (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
+"15:27:38\"):"
+msgstr ""
+"Datas de revisão (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
+"15:27:38\"):"
+
+#: gitk:3841
+msgid "Since:"
+msgstr "Desde:"
+
+#: gitk:3842
+msgid "Until:"
+msgstr "Até:"
+
+#: gitk:3843
+msgid "Limit and/or skip a number of revisions (positive integer):"
+msgstr "Limitar e/ou ignorar um número de revisões (inteiro positivo):"
+
+#: gitk:3844
+msgid "Number to show:"
+msgstr "Número para mostrar:"
+
+#: gitk:3845
+msgid "Number to skip:"
+msgstr "Número para ignorar:"
+
+#: gitk:3846
+msgid "Miscellaneous options:"
+msgstr "Opções diversas:"
+
+#: gitk:3847
+msgid "Strictly sort by date"
+msgstr "Ordenar estritamente pela data"
+
+#: gitk:3848
+msgid "Mark branch sides"
+msgstr "Marcar os dois lados do ramo"
+
+#: gitk:3849
+msgid "Limit to first parent"
+msgstr "Limitar ao primeiro antecessor"
+
+#: gitk:3850
+msgid "Simple history"
+msgstr "Histórico simplificado"
+
+#: gitk:3851
+msgid "Additional arguments to git log:"
+msgstr "Argumentos adicionais para o 'git log':"
+
+#: gitk:3852
+msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
+msgstr "Arquivos e diretórios para incluir, um por linha"
+
+#: gitk:3853
+msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
+msgstr "Comando para gerar mais revisões para incluir:"
+
+#: gitk:3977
+msgid "Gitk: edit view"
+msgstr "Gitk: editar vista"
+
+#: gitk:3985
+msgid "-- criteria for selecting revisions"
+msgstr "-- critérios para selecionar revisões"
+
+#: gitk:3990
+msgid "View Name"
+msgstr "Nome da vista"
+
+#: gitk:4065
+msgid "Apply (F5)"
+msgstr "Aplicar (F5)"
+
+#: gitk:4103
+msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
+msgstr "Erro nos argumentos de seleção de revisões:"
+
+#: gitk:4156 gitk:4208 gitk:4656 gitk:4670 gitk:5931 gitk:11551 gitk:11552
+msgid "None"
+msgstr "Nenhum"
+
+#: gitk:4604 gitk:6451 gitk:8309 gitk:8324
+msgid "Date"
+msgstr "Data"
+
+#: gitk:4604 gitk:6451
+msgid "CDate"
+msgstr "DataR"
+
+#: gitk:4753 gitk:4758
+msgid "Descendant"
+msgstr "Descendente de"
+
+#: gitk:4754
+msgid "Not descendant"
+msgstr "Não descendente de"
+
+#: gitk:4761 gitk:4766
+msgid "Ancestor"
+msgstr "Antecessor de"
+
+#: gitk:4762
+msgid "Not ancestor"
+msgstr "Não antecessor de"
+
+#: gitk:5052
+msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
+msgstr "Mudanças locais marcadas, porém não salvas"
+
+#: gitk:5088
+msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
+msgstr "Mudanças locais não marcadas"
+
+#: gitk:6769
+msgid "many"
+msgstr "muitas"
+
+#: gitk:6952
+msgid "Tags:"
+msgstr "Etiquetas:"
+
+#: gitk:6969 gitk:6975 gitk:8302
+msgid "Parent"
+msgstr "Antecessor"
+
+#: gitk:6980
+msgid "Child"
+msgstr "Descendente"
+
+#: gitk:6989
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "Ramo"
+
+#: gitk:6992
+msgid "Follows"
+msgstr "Segue"
+
+#: gitk:6995
+msgid "Precedes"
+msgstr "Precede"
+
+#: gitk:7532
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error getting diffs: %s"
+msgstr "Erro ao obter diferenças: %s"
+
+#: gitk:8130
+msgid "Goto:"
+msgstr "Ir para:"
+
+#: gitk:8151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
+msgstr "O id SHA1 %s é ambíguo"
+
+#: gitk:8158
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revision %s is not known"
+msgstr "Revisão %s desconhecida"
+
+#: gitk:8168
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
+msgstr "Id SHA1 %s desconhecido"
+
+#: gitk:8170
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revision %s is not in the current view"
+msgstr "A revisão %s não está na vista atual"
+
+#: gitk:8312
+msgid "Children"
+msgstr "Descendentes"
+
+#: gitk:8370
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
+msgstr "Redefinir ramo %s para este ponto"
+
+#: gitk:8372
+msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
+msgstr "Detached head: impossível redefinir"
+
+#: gitk:8481 gitk:8487
+msgid "Skipping merge commit "
+msgstr "Saltando revisão de mesclagem"
+
+#: gitk:8496 gitk:8501
+msgid "Error getting patch ID for "
+msgstr "Erro ao obter patch ID para"
+
+#: gitk:8497 gitk:8502
+msgid " - stopping\n"
+msgstr "- parando\n"
+
+#: gitk:8507 gitk:8510 gitk:8518 gitk:8532 gitk:8541
+msgid "Commit "
+msgstr "Revisão"
+
+#: gitk:8511
+msgid ""
+" is the same patch as\n"
+"       "
+msgstr ""
+"é o mesmo patch que\n"
+"       "
+
+#: gitk:8519
+msgid ""
+" differs from\n"
+"       "
+msgstr "difere de"
+
+#: gitk:8521
+msgid ""
+"Diff of commits:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Diferença de revisões:\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: gitk:8533 gitk:8542
+#, tcl-format
+msgid " has %s children - stopping\n"
+msgstr "possui %s descendentes - parando\n"
+
+#: gitk:8561
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error writing commit to file: %s"
+msgstr "Erro ao salvar revisão para o arquivo: %s"
+
+#: gitk:8567
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error diffing commits: %s"
+msgstr "Erro ao comparar revisões: %s"
+
+#: gitk:8598
+msgid "Top"
+msgstr "Início"
+
+#: gitk:8599
+msgid "From"
+msgstr "De"
+
+#: gitk:8604
+msgid "To"
+msgstr "Para"
+
+#: gitk:8628
+msgid "Generate patch"
+msgstr "Gerar patch"
+
+#: gitk:8630
+msgid "From:"
+msgstr "De:"
+
+#: gitk:8639
+msgid "To:"
+msgstr "Para:"
+
+#: gitk:8648
+msgid "Reverse"
+msgstr "Inverter"
+
+#: gitk:8650 gitk:8845
+msgid "Output file:"
+msgstr "Arquivo de saída:"
+
+#: gitk:8656
+msgid "Generate"
+msgstr "Gerar"
+
+#: gitk:8694
+msgid "Error creating patch:"
+msgstr "Erro ao criar patch:"
+
+#: gitk:8717 gitk:8833 gitk:8890
+msgid "ID:"
+msgstr "ID:"
+
+#: gitk:8726
+msgid "Tag name:"
+msgstr "Nome da etiqueta:"
+
+#: gitk:8729
+msgid "Tag message is optional"
+msgstr "A descrição da etiqueta é opcional"
+
+#: gitk:8731
+msgid "Tag message:"
+msgstr "Descrição da etiqueta"
+
+#: gitk:8735 gitk:8899
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "Criar"
+
+#: gitk:8753
+msgid "No tag name specified"
+msgstr "Nome da etiqueta não indicado"
+
+#: gitk:8757
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
+msgstr "Etiqueta \"%s\" já existe"
+
+#: gitk:8767
+msgid "Error creating tag:"
+msgstr "Erro ao criar etiqueta:"
+
+#: gitk:8842
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Comando:"
+
+#: gitk:8850
+msgid "Write"
+msgstr "Exportar"
+
+#: gitk:8868
+msgid "Error writing commit:"
+msgstr "Erro ao exportar revisão"
+
+#: gitk:8895
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "Nome:"
+
+#: gitk:8918
+msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
+msgstr "Indique um nome para o novo ramo"
+
+#: gitk:8923
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?"
+msgstr "O ramo \"%s\" já existe. Sobrescrever?"
+
+#: gitk:8989
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
+msgstr "Revisão %s já inclusa no ramo %s -- você realmente deseja reaplicá-la?"
+
+#: gitk:8994
+msgid "Cherry-picking"
+msgstr "Cherry-picking"
+
+#: gitk:9003
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Cherry-pick failed because of local changes to file '%s'.\n"
+"Please commit, reset or stash your changes and try again."
+msgstr ""
+"O cherry-pick falhou porque o arquivo \"%s\" possui mudanças locais.\n"
+"Salve a uma revisão, redefina ou armazene (stash) suas mudanças e tente "
+"novamente."
+
+#: gitk:9009
+msgid ""
+"Cherry-pick failed because of merge conflict.\n"
+"Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
+msgstr ""
+"O cherry-pick falhou porque houve um conflito na mesclagem.\n"
+"Executar o 'git citool' para resolvê-lo?"
+
+#: gitk:9025
+msgid "No changes committed"
+msgstr "Nenhuma revisão foi salva"
+
+#: gitk:9051
+msgid "Confirm reset"
+msgstr "Confirmar redefinição"
+
+#: gitk:9053
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
+msgstr "Você realmente deseja redefinir o ramo %s para %s?"
+
+#: gitk:9055
+msgid "Reset type:"
+msgstr "Tipo de redefinição"
+
+#: gitk:9058
+msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
+msgstr "Soft: deixa a árvore de trabalho e o índice intocados"
+
+#: gitk:9061
+msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
+msgstr "Misto: Deixa a árvore de trabalho intocada, redefine o índice"
+
+#: gitk:9064
+msgid ""
+"Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
+"(discard ALL local changes)"
+msgstr ""
+"Hard: Redefine a árvore de trabalho e o índice\n"
+"(descarta TODAS as mudanças locais)"
+
+#: gitk:9081
+msgid "Resetting"
+msgstr "Redefinindo"
+
+#: gitk:9141
+msgid "Checking out"
+msgstr "Abrindo"
+
+#: gitk:9194
+msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
+msgstr "Impossível excluir o ramo atualmente aberto"
+
+#: gitk:9200
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
+"Really delete branch %s?"
+msgstr ""
+"As revisões do ramo \"%s\" não existem em nenhum outro ramo.\n"
+"Você realmente deseja excluir ramo \"%s\"?"
+
+#: gitk:9231
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
+msgstr "Referências: %s"
+
+#: gitk:9246
+msgid "Filter"
+msgstr "Filtro"
+
+#: gitk:9541
+msgid ""
+"Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
+"tag information will be incomplete."
+msgstr ""
+"Erro ao ler a topologia das revisões; as informações dos ramos e etiquetas "
+"antecessoras/sucessoras estarão incompletas"
+
+#: gitk:10527
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "Etiqueta"
+
+#: gitk:10527
+msgid "Id"
+msgstr "Id"
+
+#: gitk:10576
+msgid "Gitk font chooser"
+msgstr "Selecionar fontes do Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:10593
+msgid "B"
+msgstr "B"
+
+#: gitk:10596
+msgid "I"
+msgstr "I"
+
+#: gitk:10714
+msgid "Gitk preferences"
+msgstr "Preferências do Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:10716
+msgid "Commit list display options"
+msgstr "Opções da lista de revisões"
+
+#: gitk:10719
+msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
+msgstr "Largura máxima do grafo (linhas)"
+
+#: gitk:10722
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
+msgstr "Largura máxima do grafo (% do painel)"
+
+#: gitk:10725
+msgid "Show local changes"
+msgstr "Exibir mudanças locais"
+
+#: gitk:10728
+msgid "Auto-select SHA1"
+msgstr "Selecionar o SHA1 automaticamente"
+
+#: gitk:10731
+msgid "Hide remote refs"
+msgstr "Ocultar referências remotas"
+
+#: gitk:10735
+msgid "Diff display options"
+msgstr "Opções de exibição das alterações"
+
+#: gitk:10737
+msgid "Tab spacing"
+msgstr "Espaços por tabulação"
+
+#: gitk:10740
+msgid "Display nearby tags"
+msgstr "Exibir etiquetas próximas"
+
+#: gitk:10743
+msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
+msgstr "Limitar diferenças aos caminhos listados"
+
+#: gitk:10746
+msgid "Support per-file encodings"
+msgstr "Usar codificações distintas por arquivo"
+
+#: gitk:10752 gitk:10832
+msgid "External diff tool"
+msgstr "Ferramenta 'diff' externa"
+
+#: gitk:10753
+msgid "Choose..."
+msgstr "Selecionar..."
+
+#: gitk:10758
+msgid "General options"
+msgstr "Opções gerais"
+
+#: gitk:10761
+msgid "Use themed widgets"
+msgstr "Usar temas para as janelas"
+
+#: gitk:10763
+msgid "(change requires restart)"
+msgstr "(exige reinicialização)"
+
+#: gitk:10765
+msgid "(currently unavailable)"
+msgstr "(atualmente indisponível)"
+
+#: gitk:10769
+msgid "Colors: press to choose"
+msgstr "Cores: clique para escolher"
+
+#: gitk:10772
+msgid "Interface"
+msgstr "Interface"
+
+#: gitk:10773
+msgid "interface"
+msgstr "interface"
+
+#: gitk:10776
+msgid "Background"
+msgstr "Segundo plano"
+
+#: gitk:10777 gitk:10807
+msgid "background"
+msgstr "segundo plano"
+
+#: gitk:10780
+msgid "Foreground"
+msgstr "Primeiro plano"
+
+#: gitk:10781
+msgid "foreground"
+msgstr "primeiro plano"
+
+#: gitk:10784
+msgid "Diff: old lines"
+msgstr "Diff: linhas excluídas"
+
+#: gitk:10785
+msgid "diff old lines"
+msgstr "linhas excluídas"
+
+#: gitk:10789
+msgid "Diff: new lines"
+msgstr "Diff: linhas adicionadas"
+
+#: gitk:10790
+msgid "diff new lines"
+msgstr "linhas adicionadas"
+
+#: gitk:10794
+msgid "Diff: hunk header"
+msgstr "Diff: cabeçalho do bloco"
+
+#: gitk:10796
+msgid "diff hunk header"
+msgstr "cabeçalho do bloco"
+
+#: gitk:10800
+msgid "Marked line bg"
+msgstr "2º plano da linha marcada"
+
+#: gitk:10802
+msgid "marked line background"
+msgstr "segundo plano da linha marcada"
+
+#: gitk:10806
+msgid "Select bg"
+msgstr "2º plano da seleção"
+
+#: gitk:10810
+msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
+msgstr "Fontes: clique para escolher"
+
+#: gitk:10812
+msgid "Main font"
+msgstr "Fonte principal"
+
+#: gitk:10813
+msgid "Diff display font"
+msgstr "Fonte da lista de mudanças"
+
+#: gitk:10814
+msgid "User interface font"
+msgstr "Fonte da interface"
+
+#: gitk:10842
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
+msgstr "Gitk: selecionar cor para %s"
+
+#: gitk:11445
+msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
+msgstr "Não há nenhum repositório git aqui."
+
+#: gitk:11449
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
+msgstr "Impossível encontrar o diretório git \"%s\"."
+
+#: gitk:11496
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
+msgstr ""
+"O argumento \"%s\" é ambíguo (especifica tanto uma revisão e um nome de "
+"arquivo)"
+
+#: gitk:11508
+msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
+msgstr "Argumentos incorretos para o gitk:"
+
+#: gitk:11604
+msgid "Command line"
+msgstr "Linha de comando"
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/ru.po b/gitk-git/po/ru.po
index c3d0285..5987303 100644
--- a/gitk-git/po/ru.po
+++ b/gitk-git/po/ru.po
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 
 #: gitk:323
 msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
-msgstr "Ошибка выполнения команды заданой --argscmd:"
+msgstr "Ошибка выполнения команды заданной --argscmd:"
 
 #: gitk:336
 msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
 "No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
 "limit."
 msgstr ""
-"Файлы не выбраны: указан --merge, но в рамках указаного "
+"Файлы не выбраны: указан --merge, но в рамках указанного "
 "ограничения на имена файлов нет ни одного "
 "где эта операция должна быть завершена."
 
@@ -246,11 +246,11 @@
 
 #: gitk:2326 gitk:2339
 msgid "Diff this -> selected"
-msgstr "Сравнить это состояние с выделеным"
+msgstr "Сравнить это состояние с выделенным"
 
 #: gitk:2327 gitk:2340
 msgid "Diff selected -> this"
-msgstr "Сравнить выделеное с этим состоянием"
+msgstr "Сравнить выделенное с этим состоянием"
 
 #: gitk:2328 gitk:2341
 msgid "Make patch"
@@ -440,11 +440,11 @@
 #: gitk:2666
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
-msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tПерейти к следующему найденому состоянию"
+msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tПерейти к следующему найденному состоянию"
 
 #: gitk:2667
 msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
-msgstr "<Return>\tПерейти к следующему найденому состоянию"
+msgstr "<Return>\tПерейти к следующему найденному состоянию"
 
 #: gitk:2668
 msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@
 
 #: gitk:2669
 msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
-msgstr "?\t\tПерейти к предыдущему найденому состоянию"
+msgstr "?\t\tПерейти к предыдущему найденному состоянию"
 
 #: gitk:2670
 msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
@@ -466,7 +466,7 @@
 #: gitk:2672
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
-msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tПерейти к предыдущему найденому тексту в списке изменений"
+msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tПерейти к предыдущему найденному тексту в списке изменений"
 
 #: gitk:2673
 #, tcl-format
@@ -855,7 +855,7 @@
 #: gitk:8472
 msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
 msgstr ""
-"Смешаный: оставить рабочий каталог неизменным, установить индекс"
+"Смешанный: оставить рабочий каталог неизменным, установить индекс"
 
 #: gitk:8475
 msgid ""
@@ -962,7 +962,7 @@
 
 #: gitk:10126
 msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
-msgstr "Ограничить показ изменений выбраными файлами"
+msgstr "Ограничить показ изменений выбранными файлами"
 
 #: gitk:10129
 msgid "Support per-file encodings"
@@ -1022,11 +1022,11 @@
 
 #: gitk:10169
 msgid "Marked line bg"
-msgstr "Фон выбраной строки"
+msgstr "Фон выбранной строки"
 
 #: gitk:10171
 msgid "marked line background"
-msgstr "фон выбраной строки"
+msgstr "фон выбранной строки"
 
 #: gitk:10175
 msgid "Select bg"
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/sv.po b/gitk-git/po/sv.po
index 386763a..2f07a2e 100644
--- a/gitk-git/po/sv.po
+++ b/gitk-git/po/sv.po
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # Swedish translation for gitk
-# Copyright (C) 2005-2009 Paul Mackerras
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the gitk package.
 #
 # Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>, 2008-2010.
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: sv\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-01-28 13:16+0100\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-01-28 13:48+0100\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-09-12 21:14+0100\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-12 21:16+0100\n"
 "Last-Translator: Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>\n"
 "Language-Team: Swedish <tp-sv@listor.tp-sv.se>\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
@@ -24,17 +24,17 @@
 msgid "Error parsing revisions:"
 msgstr "Fel vid tolkning av revisioner:"
 
-#: gitk:329
+#: gitk:330
 msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
 msgstr "Fel vid körning av --argscmd-kommando:"
 
-#: gitk:342
+#: gitk:343
 msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
 msgstr ""
 "Inga filer valdes: --merge angavs men det finns inga filer som inte har "
 "slagits samman."
 
-#: gitk:345
+#: gitk:346
 msgid ""
 "No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
 "limit."
@@ -42,600 +42,605 @@
 "Inga filer valdes: --merge angavs men det finns inga filer inom "
 "filbegränsningen."
 
-#: gitk:367 gitk:514
+#: gitk:368 gitk:516
 msgid "Error executing git log:"
 msgstr "Fel vid körning av git log:"
 
-#: gitk:385 gitk:530
+#: gitk:386 gitk:532
 msgid "Reading"
 msgstr "Läser"
 
-#: gitk:445 gitk:4261
+#: gitk:446 gitk:4271
 msgid "Reading commits..."
 msgstr "Läser incheckningar..."
 
-#: gitk:448 gitk:1578 gitk:4264
+#: gitk:449 gitk:1580 gitk:4274
 msgid "No commits selected"
 msgstr "Inga incheckningar markerade"
 
-#: gitk:1454
+#: gitk:1456
 msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
 msgstr "Kan inte tolka utdata från git log:"
 
-#: gitk:1674
+#: gitk:1676
 msgid "No commit information available"
 msgstr "Ingen incheckningsinformation är tillgänglig"
 
-#: gitk:1816
+#: gitk:1818
 msgid "mc"
 msgstr "mc"
 
-#: gitk:1851 gitk:4054 gitk:9044 gitk:10585 gitk:10804
+#: gitk:1853 gitk:4064 gitk:9067 gitk:10607 gitk:10817
 msgid "OK"
 msgstr "OK"
 
-#: gitk:1853 gitk:4056 gitk:8634 gitk:8713 gitk:8828 gitk:8877 gitk:9046
-#: gitk:10586 gitk:10805
+#: gitk:1855 gitk:4066 gitk:8657 gitk:8736 gitk:8851 gitk:8900 gitk:9069
+#: gitk:10608 gitk:10818
 msgid "Cancel"
 msgstr "Avbryt"
 
-#: gitk:1975
+#: gitk:1980
 msgid "Update"
 msgstr "Uppdatera"
 
-#: gitk:1976
+#: gitk:1981
 msgid "Reload"
 msgstr "Ladda om"
 
-#: gitk:1977
+#: gitk:1982
 msgid "Reread references"
 msgstr "Läs om referenser"
 
-#: gitk:1978
+#: gitk:1983
 msgid "List references"
 msgstr "Visa referenser"
 
-#: gitk:1980
+#: gitk:1985
 msgid "Start git gui"
 msgstr "Starta git gui"
 
-#: gitk:1982
+#: gitk:1987
 msgid "Quit"
 msgstr "Avsluta"
 
-#: gitk:1974
+#: gitk:1979
 msgid "File"
 msgstr "Arkiv"
 
-#: gitk:1986
+#: gitk:1991
 msgid "Preferences"
 msgstr "Inställningar"
 
-#: gitk:1985
+#: gitk:1990
 msgid "Edit"
 msgstr "Redigera"
 
-#: gitk:1990
+#: gitk:1995
 msgid "New view..."
 msgstr "Ny vy..."
 
-#: gitk:1991
+#: gitk:1996
 msgid "Edit view..."
 msgstr "Ändra vy..."
 
-#: gitk:1992
+#: gitk:1997
 msgid "Delete view"
 msgstr "Ta bort vy"
 
-#: gitk:1994
+#: gitk:1999
 msgid "All files"
 msgstr "Alla filer"
 
-#: gitk:1989 gitk:3808
+#: gitk:1994 gitk:3817
 msgid "View"
 msgstr "Visa"
 
-#: gitk:1999 gitk:2009 gitk:2780
+#: gitk:2004 gitk:2014 gitk:2787
 msgid "About gitk"
 msgstr "Om gitk"
 
-#: gitk:2000 gitk:2014
+#: gitk:2005 gitk:2019
 msgid "Key bindings"
 msgstr "Tangentbordsbindningar"
 
-#: gitk:1998 gitk:2013
+#: gitk:2003 gitk:2018
 msgid "Help"
 msgstr "Hjälp"
 
-#: gitk:2091 gitk:8110
+#: gitk:2096 gitk:8132
 msgid "SHA1 ID:"
 msgstr "SHA1-id:"
 
-#: gitk:2122
+#: gitk:2127
 msgid "Row"
 msgstr "Rad"
 
-#: gitk:2160
+#: gitk:2165
 msgid "Find"
 msgstr "Sök"
 
-#: gitk:2161
+#: gitk:2166
 msgid "next"
 msgstr "nästa"
 
-#: gitk:2162
+#: gitk:2167
 msgid "prev"
 msgstr "föreg"
 
-#: gitk:2163
+#: gitk:2168
 msgid "commit"
 msgstr "incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2166 gitk:2168 gitk:4422 gitk:4445 gitk:4469 gitk:6410 gitk:6482
-#: gitk:6566
+#: gitk:2171 gitk:2173 gitk:4432 gitk:4455 gitk:4479 gitk:6420 gitk:6492
+#: gitk:6576
 msgid "containing:"
 msgstr "som innehåller:"
 
-#: gitk:2169 gitk:3290 gitk:3295 gitk:4497
+#: gitk:2174 gitk:3298 gitk:3303 gitk:4507
 msgid "touching paths:"
 msgstr "som rör sökväg:"
 
-#: gitk:2170 gitk:4502
+#: gitk:2175 gitk:4512
 msgid "adding/removing string:"
 msgstr "som lägger/till tar bort sträng:"
 
-#: gitk:2179 gitk:2181
+#: gitk:2184 gitk:2186
 msgid "Exact"
 msgstr "Exakt"
 
-#: gitk:2181 gitk:4577 gitk:6378
+#: gitk:2186 gitk:4587 gitk:6388
 msgid "IgnCase"
 msgstr "IgnVersaler"
 
-#: gitk:2181 gitk:4471 gitk:4575 gitk:6374
+#: gitk:2186 gitk:4481 gitk:4585 gitk:6384
 msgid "Regexp"
 msgstr "Reg.uttr."
 
-#: gitk:2183 gitk:2184 gitk:4596 gitk:4626 gitk:4633 gitk:6502 gitk:6570
+#: gitk:2188 gitk:2189 gitk:4606 gitk:4636 gitk:4643 gitk:6512 gitk:6580
 msgid "All fields"
 msgstr "Alla fält"
 
-#: gitk:2184 gitk:4594 gitk:4626 gitk:6441
+#: gitk:2189 gitk:4604 gitk:4636 gitk:6451
 msgid "Headline"
 msgstr "Rubrik"
 
-#: gitk:2185 gitk:4594 gitk:6441 gitk:6570 gitk:7003
+#: gitk:2190 gitk:4604 gitk:6451 gitk:6580 gitk:7013
 msgid "Comments"
 msgstr "Kommentarer"
 
-#: gitk:2185 gitk:4594 gitk:4598 gitk:4633 gitk:6441 gitk:6938 gitk:8285
-#: gitk:8300
+#: gitk:2190 gitk:4604 gitk:4608 gitk:4643 gitk:6451 gitk:6948 gitk:8307
+#: gitk:8322
 msgid "Author"
 msgstr "Författare"
 
-#: gitk:2185 gitk:4594 gitk:6441 gitk:6940
+#: gitk:2190 gitk:4604 gitk:6451 gitk:6950
 msgid "Committer"
 msgstr "Incheckare"
 
-#: gitk:2216
+#: gitk:2221
 msgid "Search"
 msgstr "Sök"
 
-#: gitk:2224
+#: gitk:2229
 msgid "Diff"
 msgstr "Diff"
 
-#: gitk:2226
+#: gitk:2231
 msgid "Old version"
 msgstr "Gammal version"
 
-#: gitk:2228
+#: gitk:2233
 msgid "New version"
 msgstr "Ny version"
 
-#: gitk:2230
+#: gitk:2235
 msgid "Lines of context"
 msgstr "Rader sammanhang"
 
-#: gitk:2240
+#: gitk:2245
 msgid "Ignore space change"
 msgstr "Ignorera ändringar i blanksteg"
 
-#: gitk:2299
+#: gitk:2304
 msgid "Patch"
 msgstr "Patch"
 
-#: gitk:2301
+#: gitk:2306
 msgid "Tree"
 msgstr "Träd"
 
-#: gitk:2456 gitk:2473
+#: gitk:2463 gitk:2480
 msgid "Diff this -> selected"
 msgstr "Diff denna -> markerad"
 
-#: gitk:2457 gitk:2474
+#: gitk:2464 gitk:2481
 msgid "Diff selected -> this"
 msgstr "Diff markerad -> denna"
 
-#: gitk:2458 gitk:2475
+#: gitk:2465 gitk:2482
 msgid "Make patch"
 msgstr "Skapa patch"
 
-#: gitk:2459 gitk:8692
+#: gitk:2466 gitk:8715
 msgid "Create tag"
 msgstr "Skapa tagg"
 
-#: gitk:2460 gitk:8808
+#: gitk:2467 gitk:8831
 msgid "Write commit to file"
 msgstr "Skriv incheckning till fil"
 
-#: gitk:2461 gitk:8865
+#: gitk:2468 gitk:8888
 msgid "Create new branch"
 msgstr "Skapa ny gren"
 
-#: gitk:2462
+#: gitk:2469
 msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
 msgstr "Plocka denna incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2463
+#: gitk:2470
 msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
 msgstr "Återställ HEAD-grenen hit"
 
-#: gitk:2464
+#: gitk:2471
 msgid "Mark this commit"
 msgstr "Markera denna incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2465
+#: gitk:2472
 msgid "Return to mark"
 msgstr "Återgå till markering"
 
-#: gitk:2466
+#: gitk:2473
 msgid "Find descendant of this and mark"
 msgstr "Hitta efterföljare till denna och markera"
 
-#: gitk:2467
+#: gitk:2474
 msgid "Compare with marked commit"
 msgstr "Jämför med markerad incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2481
+#: gitk:2488
 msgid "Check out this branch"
 msgstr "Checka ut denna gren"
 
-#: gitk:2482
+#: gitk:2489
 msgid "Remove this branch"
 msgstr "Ta bort denna gren"
 
-#: gitk:2489
+#: gitk:2496
 msgid "Highlight this too"
 msgstr "Markera även detta"
 
-#: gitk:2490
+#: gitk:2497
 msgid "Highlight this only"
 msgstr "Markera bara detta"
 
-#: gitk:2491
+#: gitk:2498
 msgid "External diff"
 msgstr "Extern diff"
 
-#: gitk:2492
+#: gitk:2499
 msgid "Blame parent commit"
 msgstr "Klandra föräldraincheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2499
+#: gitk:2506
 msgid "Show origin of this line"
 msgstr "Visa ursprunget för den här raden"
 
-#: gitk:2500
+#: gitk:2507
 msgid "Run git gui blame on this line"
 msgstr "Kör git gui blame på den här raden"
 
-#: gitk:2782
+#: gitk:2789
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright \\u00a9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright ©9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - en incheckningsvisare för git\n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright \\u00a9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright ©9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Använd och vidareförmedla enligt villkoren i GNU General Public License"
 
-#: gitk:2790 gitk:2854 gitk:9230
+#: gitk:2797 gitk:2862 gitk:9253
 msgid "Close"
 msgstr "Stäng"
 
-#: gitk:2811
+#: gitk:2818
 msgid "Gitk key bindings"
 msgstr "Tangentbordsbindningar för Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:2814
+#: gitk:2821
 msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
 msgstr "Tangentbordsbindningar för Gitk:"
 
-#: gitk:2816
+#: gitk:2823
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
 msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tAvsluta"
 
-#: gitk:2817
+#: gitk:2824
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-W>\t\tClose window"
+msgstr "<%s-W>\t\tStäng fönster"
+
+#: gitk:2825
 msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
 msgstr "<Home>\t\tGå till första incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2818
+#: gitk:2826
 msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
 msgstr "<End>\t\tGå till sista incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2819
+#: gitk:2827
 msgid "<Up>, p, i\tMove up one commit"
 msgstr "<Upp>, p, i\tGå en incheckning upp"
 
-#: gitk:2820
+#: gitk:2828
 msgid "<Down>, n, k\tMove down one commit"
 msgstr "<Ned>, n, k\tGå en incheckning ned"
 
-#: gitk:2821
+#: gitk:2829
 msgid "<Left>, z, j\tGo back in history list"
 msgstr "<Vänster>, z, j\tGå bakåt i historiken"
 
-#: gitk:2822
+#: gitk:2830
 msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
 msgstr "<Höger>, x, l\tGå framåt i historiken"
 
-#: gitk:2823
+#: gitk:2831
 msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<PageUp>\tGå upp en sida i incheckningslistan"
 
-#: gitk:2824
+#: gitk:2832
 msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<PageDown>\tGå ned en sida i incheckningslistan"
 
-#: gitk:2825
+#: gitk:2833
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-Home>\tRulla till början av incheckningslistan"
 
-#: gitk:2826
+#: gitk:2834
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-End>\tRulla till slutet av incheckningslistan"
 
-#: gitk:2827
+#: gitk:2835
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Upp>\tRulla incheckningslistan upp ett steg"
 
-#: gitk:2828
+#: gitk:2836
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Ned>\tRulla incheckningslistan ned ett steg"
 
-#: gitk:2829
+#: gitk:2837
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PageUp>\tRulla incheckningslistan upp en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2830
+#: gitk:2838
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PageDown>\tRulla incheckningslistan ned en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2831
+#: gitk:2839
 msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
 msgstr "<Skift-Upp>\tSök bakåt (uppåt, senare incheckningar)"
 
-#: gitk:2832
+#: gitk:2840
 msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
 msgstr "<Skift-Ned>\tSök framåt (nedåt, tidigare incheckningar)"
 
-#: gitk:2833
+#: gitk:2841
 msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Delete>, b\tRulla diffvisningen upp en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2834
+#: gitk:2842
 msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Baksteg>\tRulla diffvisningen upp en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2835
+#: gitk:2843
 msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
 msgstr "<Blanksteg>\tRulla diffvisningen ned en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2836
+#: gitk:2844
 msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
 msgstr "u\t\tRulla diffvisningen upp 18 rader"
 
-#: gitk:2837
+#: gitk:2845
 msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
 msgstr "d\t\tRulla diffvisningen ned 18 rader"
 
-#: gitk:2838
+#: gitk:2846
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
 msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tSök"
 
-#: gitk:2839
+#: gitk:2847
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tGå till nästa sökträff"
 
-#: gitk:2840
+#: gitk:2848
 msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<Return>\t\tGå till nästa sökträff"
 
-#: gitk:2841
+#: gitk:2849
 msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
 msgstr "/\t\tFokusera sökrutan"
 
-#: gitk:2842
+#: gitk:2850
 msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
 msgstr "?\t\tGå till föregående sökträff"
 
-#: gitk:2843
+#: gitk:2851
 msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
 msgstr "f\t\tRulla diffvisningen till nästa fil"
 
-#: gitk:2844
+#: gitk:2852
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tGå till nästa sökträff i diffvisningen"
 
-#: gitk:2845
+#: gitk:2853
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tGå till föregående sökträff i diffvisningen"
 
-#: gitk:2846
+#: gitk:2854
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-Num+>\tÖka teckenstorlek"
 
-#: gitk:2847
+#: gitk:2855
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-plus>\tÖka teckenstorlek"
 
-#: gitk:2848
+#: gitk:2856
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-Num->\tMinska teckenstorlek"
 
-#: gitk:2849
+#: gitk:2857
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-minus>\tMinska teckenstorlek"
 
-#: gitk:2850
+#: gitk:2858
 msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
 msgstr "<F5>\t\tUppdatera"
 
-#: gitk:3305 gitk:3314
+#: gitk:3313 gitk:3322
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error creating temporary directory %s:"
 msgstr "Fel vid skapande av temporär katalog %s:"
 
-#: gitk:3327
+#: gitk:3335
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
 msgstr "Fel vid hämtning av  \"%s\" från %s:"
 
-#: gitk:3390
+#: gitk:3398
 msgid "command failed:"
 msgstr "kommando misslyckades:"
 
-#: gitk:3539
+#: gitk:3547
 msgid "No such commit"
 msgstr "Incheckning saknas"
 
-#: gitk:3553
+#: gitk:3561
 msgid "git gui blame: command failed:"
 msgstr "git gui blame: kommando misslyckades:"
 
-#: gitk:3584
+#: gitk:3592
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't read merge head: %s"
 msgstr "Kunde inte läsa sammanslagningshuvud: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3592
+#: gitk:3600
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error reading index: %s"
 msgstr "Fel vid läsning av index: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3617
+#: gitk:3625
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't start git blame: %s"
 msgstr "Kunde inte starta git blame: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3620 gitk:6409
+#: gitk:3628 gitk:6419
 msgid "Searching"
 msgstr "Söker"
 
-#: gitk:3652
+#: gitk:3660
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error running git blame: %s"
 msgstr "Fel vid körning av git blame: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3680
+#: gitk:3688
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "That line comes from commit %s,  which is not in this view"
 msgstr "Raden kommer från incheckningen %s, som inte finns i denna vy"
 
-#: gitk:3694
+#: gitk:3702
 msgid "External diff viewer failed:"
 msgstr "Externt diff-verktyg misslyckades:"
 
-#: gitk:3812
+#: gitk:3820
 msgid "Gitk view definition"
 msgstr "Definition av Gitk-vy"
 
-#: gitk:3816
+#: gitk:3824
 msgid "Remember this view"
 msgstr "Spara denna vy"
 
-#: gitk:3817
+#: gitk:3825
 msgid "References (space separated list):"
 msgstr "Referenser (blankstegsavdelad lista):"
 
-#: gitk:3818
+#: gitk:3826
 msgid "Branches & tags:"
 msgstr "Grenar & taggar:"
 
-#: gitk:3819
+#: gitk:3827
 msgid "All refs"
 msgstr "Alla referenser"
 
-#: gitk:3820
+#: gitk:3828
 msgid "All (local) branches"
 msgstr "Alla (lokala) grenar"
 
-#: gitk:3821
+#: gitk:3829
 msgid "All tags"
 msgstr "Alla taggar"
 
-#: gitk:3822
+#: gitk:3830
 msgid "All remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "Alla fjärrspårande grenar"
 
-#: gitk:3823
+#: gitk:3831
 msgid "Commit Info (regular expressions):"
 msgstr "Incheckningsinfo (reguljära uttryck):"
 
-#: gitk:3824
+#: gitk:3832
 msgid "Author:"
 msgstr "Författare:"
 
-#: gitk:3825
+#: gitk:3833
 msgid "Committer:"
 msgstr "Incheckare:"
 
-#: gitk:3826
+#: gitk:3834
 msgid "Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Incheckningsmeddelande:"
 
-#: gitk:3827
+#: gitk:3835
 msgid "Matches all Commit Info criteria"
 msgstr "Motsvarar alla kriterier för incheckningsinfo"
 
-#: gitk:3828
+#: gitk:3836
 msgid "Changes to Files:"
 msgstr "Ändringar av filer:"
 
-#: gitk:3829
+#: gitk:3837
 msgid "Fixed String"
 msgstr "Fast sträng"
 
-#: gitk:3830
+#: gitk:3838
 msgid "Regular Expression"
 msgstr "Reguljärt uttryck"
 
-#: gitk:3831
+#: gitk:3839
 msgid "Search string:"
 msgstr "Söksträng:"
 
-#: gitk:3832
+#: gitk:3840
 msgid ""
 "Commit Dates (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
 "15:27:38\"):"
@@ -643,201 +648,201 @@
 "Incheckingsdatum (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
 "15:27:38\"):"
 
-#: gitk:3833
+#: gitk:3841
 msgid "Since:"
 msgstr "Från:"
 
-#: gitk:3834
+#: gitk:3842
 msgid "Until:"
 msgstr "Till:"
 
-#: gitk:3835
+#: gitk:3843
 msgid "Limit and/or skip a number of revisions (positive integer):"
 msgstr "Begränsa och/eller hoppa över ett antal revisioner (positivt heltal):"
 
-#: gitk:3836
+#: gitk:3844
 msgid "Number to show:"
 msgstr "Antal att visa:"
 
-#: gitk:3837
+#: gitk:3845
 msgid "Number to skip:"
 msgstr "Antal att hoppa över:"
 
-#: gitk:3838
+#: gitk:3846
 msgid "Miscellaneous options:"
 msgstr "Diverse alternativ:"
 
-#: gitk:3839
+#: gitk:3847
 msgid "Strictly sort by date"
 msgstr "Strikt datumsortering"
 
-#: gitk:3840
+#: gitk:3848
 msgid "Mark branch sides"
 msgstr "Markera sidogrenar"
 
-#: gitk:3841
+#: gitk:3849
 msgid "Limit to first parent"
 msgstr "Begränsa till första förälder"
 
-#: gitk:3842
+#: gitk:3850
 msgid "Simple history"
 msgstr "Enkel historik"
 
-#: gitk:3843
+#: gitk:3851
 msgid "Additional arguments to git log:"
 msgstr "Ytterligare argument till git log:"
 
-#: gitk:3844
+#: gitk:3852
 msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
 msgstr "Ange filer och kataloger att ta med, en per rad:"
 
-#: gitk:3845
+#: gitk:3853
 msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
 msgstr "Kommando för att generera fler incheckningar att ta med:"
 
-#: gitk:3967
+#: gitk:3977
 msgid "Gitk: edit view"
 msgstr "Gitk: redigera vy"
 
-#: gitk:3975
+#: gitk:3985
 msgid "-- criteria for selecting revisions"
 msgstr " - kriterier för val av revisioner"
 
-#: gitk:3980
+#: gitk:3990
 msgid "View Name"
 msgstr "Namn på vy"
 
-#: gitk:4055
+#: gitk:4065
 msgid "Apply (F5)"
 msgstr "Använd (F5)"
 
-#: gitk:4093
+#: gitk:4103
 msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
 msgstr "Fel i argument för val av incheckningar:"
 
-#: gitk:4146 gitk:4198 gitk:4646 gitk:4660 gitk:5921 gitk:11534 gitk:11535
+#: gitk:4156 gitk:4208 gitk:4656 gitk:4670 gitk:5931 gitk:11551 gitk:11552
 msgid "None"
 msgstr "Inget"
 
-#: gitk:4594 gitk:6441 gitk:8287 gitk:8302
+#: gitk:4604 gitk:6451 gitk:8309 gitk:8324
 msgid "Date"
 msgstr "Datum"
 
-#: gitk:4594 gitk:6441
+#: gitk:4604 gitk:6451
 msgid "CDate"
 msgstr "Skapat datum"
 
-#: gitk:4743 gitk:4748
+#: gitk:4753 gitk:4758
 msgid "Descendant"
 msgstr "Avkomling"
 
-#: gitk:4744
+#: gitk:4754
 msgid "Not descendant"
 msgstr "Inte avkomling"
 
-#: gitk:4751 gitk:4756
+#: gitk:4761 gitk:4766
 msgid "Ancestor"
 msgstr "Förfader"
 
-#: gitk:4752
+#: gitk:4762
 msgid "Not ancestor"
 msgstr "Inte förfader"
 
-#: gitk:5042
+#: gitk:5052
 msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
 msgstr "Lokala ändringar sparade i indexet men inte incheckade"
 
-#: gitk:5078
+#: gitk:5088
 msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
 msgstr "Lokala ändringar, ej sparade i indexet"
 
-#: gitk:6759
+#: gitk:6769
 msgid "many"
 msgstr "många"
 
-#: gitk:6942
+#: gitk:6952
 msgid "Tags:"
 msgstr "Taggar:"
 
-#: gitk:6959 gitk:6965 gitk:8280
+#: gitk:6969 gitk:6975 gitk:8302
 msgid "Parent"
 msgstr "Förälder"
 
-#: gitk:6970
+#: gitk:6980
 msgid "Child"
 msgstr "Barn"
 
-#: gitk:6979
+#: gitk:6989
 msgid "Branch"
 msgstr "Gren"
 
-#: gitk:6982
+#: gitk:6992
 msgid "Follows"
 msgstr "Följer"
 
-#: gitk:6985
+#: gitk:6995
 msgid "Precedes"
 msgstr "Föregår"
 
-#: gitk:7522
+#: gitk:7532
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting diffs: %s"
 msgstr "Fel vid hämtning av diff: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8108
+#: gitk:8130
 msgid "Goto:"
 msgstr "Gå till:"
 
-#: gitk:8129
+#: gitk:8151
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
 msgstr "Förkortat SHA1-id %s är tvetydigt"
 
-#: gitk:8136
+#: gitk:8158
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not known"
 msgstr "Revisionen %s är inte känd"
 
-#: gitk:8146
+#: gitk:8168
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
 msgstr "SHA-id:t %s är inte känt"
 
-#: gitk:8148
+#: gitk:8170
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not in the current view"
 msgstr "Revisionen %s finns inte i den nuvarande vyn"
 
-#: gitk:8290
+#: gitk:8312
 msgid "Children"
 msgstr "Barn"
 
-#: gitk:8348
+#: gitk:8370
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
 msgstr "Återställ grenen %s hit"
 
-#: gitk:8350
+#: gitk:8372
 msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
 msgstr "Frånkopplad head: kan inte återställa"
 
-#: gitk:8459 gitk:8465
+#: gitk:8481 gitk:8487
 msgid "Skipping merge commit "
 msgstr "Hoppar över sammanslagningsincheckning "
 
-#: gitk:8474 gitk:8479
+#: gitk:8496 gitk:8501
 msgid "Error getting patch ID for "
 msgstr "Fel vid hämtning av patch-id för "
 
-#: gitk:8475 gitk:8480
+#: gitk:8497 gitk:8502
 msgid " - stopping\n"
 msgstr " - stannar\n"
 
-#: gitk:8485 gitk:8488 gitk:8496 gitk:8510 gitk:8519
+#: gitk:8507 gitk:8510 gitk:8518 gitk:8532 gitk:8541
 msgid "Commit "
 msgstr "Incheckning "
 
-#: gitk:8489
+#: gitk:8511
 msgid ""
 " is the same patch as\n"
 "       "
@@ -845,7 +850,7 @@
 " är samma patch som\n"
 "       "
 
-#: gitk:8497
+#: gitk:8519
 msgid ""
 " differs from\n"
 "       "
@@ -853,139 +858,139 @@
 " skiljer sig från\n"
 "       "
 
-#: gitk:8499
+#: gitk:8521
 msgid ""
 "Diff of commits:\n"
 "\n"
-msgstr "Skillnad mellan incheckningar:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Skillnad mellan incheckningar:\n"
 "\n"
-""
 
-#: gitk:8511 gitk:8520
+#: gitk:8533 gitk:8542
 #, tcl-format
 msgid " has %s children - stopping\n"
 msgstr " har %s barn - stannar\n"
 
-#: gitk:8539
+#: gitk:8561
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error writing commit to file: %s"
 msgstr "Fel vid skrivning av incheckning till fil: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8545
+#: gitk:8567
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error diffing commits: %s"
 msgstr "Fel vid jämförelse av incheckningar: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8575
+#: gitk:8598
 msgid "Top"
 msgstr "Topp"
 
-#: gitk:8576
+#: gitk:8599
 msgid "From"
 msgstr "Från"
 
-#: gitk:8581
+#: gitk:8604
 msgid "To"
 msgstr "Till"
 
-#: gitk:8605
+#: gitk:8628
 msgid "Generate patch"
 msgstr "Generera patch"
 
-#: gitk:8607
+#: gitk:8630
 msgid "From:"
 msgstr "Från:"
 
-#: gitk:8616
+#: gitk:8639
 msgid "To:"
 msgstr "Till:"
 
-#: gitk:8625
+#: gitk:8648
 msgid "Reverse"
 msgstr "Vänd"
 
-#: gitk:8627 gitk:8822
+#: gitk:8650 gitk:8845
 msgid "Output file:"
 msgstr "Utdatafil:"
 
-#: gitk:8633
+#: gitk:8656
 msgid "Generate"
 msgstr "Generera"
 
-#: gitk:8671
+#: gitk:8694
 msgid "Error creating patch:"
 msgstr "Fel vid generering av patch:"
 
-#: gitk:8694 gitk:8810 gitk:8867
+#: gitk:8717 gitk:8833 gitk:8890
 msgid "ID:"
 msgstr "Id:"
 
-#: gitk:8703
+#: gitk:8726
 msgid "Tag name:"
 msgstr "Taggnamn:"
 
-#: gitk:8706
+#: gitk:8729
 msgid "Tag message is optional"
 msgstr "Taggmeddelandet är valfritt"
 
-#: gitk:8708
+#: gitk:8731
 msgid "Tag message:"
 msgstr "Taggmeddelande:"
 
-#: gitk:8712 gitk:8876
+#: gitk:8735 gitk:8899
 msgid "Create"
 msgstr "Skapa"
 
-#: gitk:8730
+#: gitk:8753
 msgid "No tag name specified"
 msgstr "Inget taggnamn angavs"
 
-#: gitk:8734
+#: gitk:8757
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
 msgstr "Taggen \"%s\" finns redan"
 
-#: gitk:8744
+#: gitk:8767
 msgid "Error creating tag:"
 msgstr "Fel vid skapande av tagg:"
 
-#: gitk:8819
+#: gitk:8842
 msgid "Command:"
 msgstr "Kommando:"
 
-#: gitk:8827
+#: gitk:8850
 msgid "Write"
 msgstr "Skriv"
 
-#: gitk:8845
+#: gitk:8868
 msgid "Error writing commit:"
 msgstr "Fel vid skrivning av incheckning:"
 
-#: gitk:8872
+#: gitk:8895
 msgid "Name:"
 msgstr "Namn:"
 
-#: gitk:8895
+#: gitk:8918
 msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
 msgstr "Ange ett namn för den nya grenen"
 
-#: gitk:8900
+#: gitk:8923
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?"
 msgstr "Grenen \"%s\" finns redan. Skriva över?"
 
-#: gitk:8966
+#: gitk:8989
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
 msgstr ""
 "Incheckningen %s finns redan på grenen %s -- skall den verkligen appliceras "
 "på nytt?"
 
-#: gitk:8971
+#: gitk:8994
 msgid "Cherry-picking"
 msgstr "Plockar"
 
-#: gitk:8980
+#: gitk:9003
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of local changes to file '%s'.\n"
@@ -995,7 +1000,7 @@
 "Checka in, återställ eller spara undan (stash) dina ändringar och försök "
 "igen."
 
-#: gitk:8986
+#: gitk:9009
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of merge conflict.\n"
 "Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
@@ -1003,32 +1008,32 @@
 "Cherry-pick misslyckades på grund av en sammanslagningskonflikt.\n"
 "Vill du köra git citool för att lösa den?"
 
-#: gitk:9002
+#: gitk:9025
 msgid "No changes committed"
 msgstr "Inga ändringar incheckade"
 
-#: gitk:9028
+#: gitk:9051
 msgid "Confirm reset"
 msgstr "Bekräfta återställning"
 
-#: gitk:9030
+#: gitk:9053
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
 msgstr "Återställa grenen %s till %s?"
 
-#: gitk:9032
+#: gitk:9055
 msgid "Reset type:"
 msgstr "Typ av återställning:"
 
-#: gitk:9035
+#: gitk:9058
 msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
 msgstr "Mjuk: Rör inte utcheckning och index"
 
-#: gitk:9038
+#: gitk:9061
 msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
 msgstr "Blandad: Rör inte utcheckning, återställ index"
 
-#: gitk:9041
+#: gitk:9064
 msgid ""
 "Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
 "(discard ALL local changes)"
@@ -1036,19 +1041,19 @@
 "Hård: Återställ utcheckning och index\n"
 "(förkastar ALLA lokala ändringar)"
 
-#: gitk:9058
+#: gitk:9081
 msgid "Resetting"
 msgstr "Återställer"
 
-#: gitk:9118
+#: gitk:9141
 msgid "Checking out"
 msgstr "Checkar ut"
 
-#: gitk:9171
+#: gitk:9194
 msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
 msgstr "Kan inte ta bort den just nu utcheckade grenen"
 
-#: gitk:9177
+#: gitk:9200
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
@@ -1057,16 +1062,16 @@
 "Incheckningarna på grenen %s existerar inte på någon annan gren.\n"
 "Vill du verkligen ta bort grenen %s?"
 
-#: gitk:9208
+#: gitk:9231
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
 msgstr "Taggar och huvuden: %s"
 
-#: gitk:9223
+#: gitk:9246
 msgid "Filter"
 msgstr "Filter"
 
-#: gitk:9518
+#: gitk:9541
 msgid ""
 "Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
 "tag information will be incomplete."
@@ -1074,203 +1079,203 @@
 "Fel vid läsning av information om incheckningstopologi; information om "
 "grenar och föregående/senare taggar kommer inte vara komplett."
 
-#: gitk:10504
+#: gitk:10527
 msgid "Tag"
 msgstr "Tagg"
 
-#: gitk:10504
+#: gitk:10527
 msgid "Id"
 msgstr "Id"
 
-#: gitk:10554
+#: gitk:10576
 msgid "Gitk font chooser"
 msgstr "Teckensnittsväljare för Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:10571
+#: gitk:10593
 msgid "B"
 msgstr "F"
 
-#: gitk:10574
+#: gitk:10596
 msgid "I"
 msgstr "K"
 
-#: gitk:10692
+#: gitk:10714
 msgid "Gitk preferences"
 msgstr "Inställningar för Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:10694
+#: gitk:10716
 msgid "Commit list display options"
 msgstr "Alternativ för incheckningslistvy"
 
-#: gitk:10697
+#: gitk:10719
 msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
 msgstr "Maximal grafbredd (rader)"
 
-#: gitk:10700
+#: gitk:10722
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
 msgstr "Maximal grafbredd (% av ruta)"
 
-#: gitk:10703
+#: gitk:10725
 msgid "Show local changes"
 msgstr "Visa lokala ändringar"
 
-#: gitk:10706
+#: gitk:10728
 msgid "Auto-select SHA1"
 msgstr "Välj SHA1 automatiskt"
 
-#: gitk:10709
+#: gitk:10731
 msgid "Hide remote refs"
 msgstr "Dölj fjärr-referenser"
 
-#: gitk:10713
+#: gitk:10735
 msgid "Diff display options"
 msgstr "Alternativ för diffvy"
 
-#: gitk:10715
+#: gitk:10737
 msgid "Tab spacing"
 msgstr "Blanksteg för tabulatortecken"
 
-#: gitk:10718
+#: gitk:10740
 msgid "Display nearby tags"
 msgstr "Visa närliggande taggar"
 
-#: gitk:10721
+#: gitk:10743
 msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
 msgstr "Begränsa diff till listade sökvägar"
 
-#: gitk:10724
+#: gitk:10746
 msgid "Support per-file encodings"
 msgstr "Stöd för filspecifika teckenkodningar"
 
-#: gitk:10730 gitk:10819
+#: gitk:10752 gitk:10832
 msgid "External diff tool"
 msgstr "Externt diff-verktyg"
 
-#: gitk:10731
+#: gitk:10753
 msgid "Choose..."
 msgstr "Välj..."
 
-#: gitk:10736
+#: gitk:10758
 msgid "General options"
 msgstr "Allmänna inställningar"
 
-#: gitk:10739
+#: gitk:10761
 msgid "Use themed widgets"
 msgstr "Använd tema på fönsterelement"
 
-#: gitk:10741
+#: gitk:10763
 msgid "(change requires restart)"
 msgstr "(ändringen kräver omstart)"
 
-#: gitk:10743
+#: gitk:10765
 msgid "(currently unavailable)"
 msgstr "(för närvarande inte tillgängligt)"
 
-#: gitk:10747
+#: gitk:10769
 msgid "Colors: press to choose"
 msgstr "Färger: tryck för att välja"
 
-#: gitk:10750
+#: gitk:10772
 msgid "Interface"
 msgstr "Gränssnitt"
 
-#: gitk:10751
+#: gitk:10773
 msgid "interface"
 msgstr "gränssnitt"
 
-#: gitk:10754
+#: gitk:10776
 msgid "Background"
 msgstr "Bakgrund"
 
-#: gitk:10755 gitk:10785
+#: gitk:10777 gitk:10807
 msgid "background"
 msgstr "bakgrund"
 
-#: gitk:10758
+#: gitk:10780
 msgid "Foreground"
 msgstr "Förgrund"
 
-#: gitk:10759
+#: gitk:10781
 msgid "foreground"
 msgstr "förgrund"
 
-#: gitk:10762
+#: gitk:10784
 msgid "Diff: old lines"
 msgstr "Diff: gamla rader"
 
-#: gitk:10763
+#: gitk:10785
 msgid "diff old lines"
 msgstr "diff gamla rader"
 
-#: gitk:10767
+#: gitk:10789
 msgid "Diff: new lines"
 msgstr "Diff: nya rader"
 
-#: gitk:10768
+#: gitk:10790
 msgid "diff new lines"
 msgstr "diff nya rader"
 
-#: gitk:10772
+#: gitk:10794
 msgid "Diff: hunk header"
 msgstr "Diff: delhuvud"
 
-#: gitk:10774
+#: gitk:10796
 msgid "diff hunk header"
 msgstr "diff delhuvud"
 
-#: gitk:10778
+#: gitk:10800
 msgid "Marked line bg"
 msgstr "Markerad rad bakgrund"
 
-#: gitk:10780
+#: gitk:10802
 msgid "marked line background"
 msgstr "markerad rad bakgrund"
 
-#: gitk:10784
+#: gitk:10806
 msgid "Select bg"
 msgstr "Markerad bakgrund"
 
-#: gitk:10788
+#: gitk:10810
 msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
 msgstr "Teckensnitt: tryck för att välja"
 
-#: gitk:10790
+#: gitk:10812
 msgid "Main font"
 msgstr "Huvudteckensnitt"
 
-#: gitk:10791
+#: gitk:10813
 msgid "Diff display font"
 msgstr "Teckensnitt för diffvisning"
 
-#: gitk:10792
+#: gitk:10814
 msgid "User interface font"
 msgstr "Teckensnitt för användargränssnitt"
 
-#: gitk:10829
+#: gitk:10842
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
 msgstr "Gitk: välj färg för %s"
 
-#: gitk:11433
+#: gitk:11445
 msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
-msgstr "Hittar inget gitk-arkiv här."
+msgstr "Hittar inget git-arkiv här."
 
-#: gitk:11437
+#: gitk:11449
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
 msgstr "Hittar inte git-katalogen \"%s\"."
 
-#: gitk:11484
+#: gitk:11496
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
 msgstr "Tvetydigt argument \"%s\": både revision och filnamn"
 
-#: gitk:11496
+#: gitk:11508
 msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
 msgstr "Felaktiga argument till gitk:"
 
-#: gitk:11587
+#: gitk:11604
 msgid "Command line"
 msgstr "Kommandorad"
 
diff --git a/gitweb/INSTALL b/gitweb/INSTALL
index 8230531..4964a67 100644
--- a/gitweb/INSTALL
+++ b/gitweb/INSTALL
@@ -237,6 +237,12 @@
  - Perl modules: CGI, Encode, Fcntl, File::Find, File::Basename.
  - web server
 
+The following optional Perl modules are required for extra features
+ - Digest::MD5 - for gravatar support
+ - CGI::Fast and FCGI - for running gitweb as FastCGI script
+ - HTML::TagCloud - for fancy tag cloud in project list view
+ - HTTP::Date or Time::ParseDate - to support If-Modified-Since for feeds
+
 
 Example web server configuration
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
diff --git a/gitweb/Makefile b/gitweb/Makefile
index e32ee76..0a6ac00 100644
--- a/gitweb/Makefile
+++ b/gitweb/Makefile
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@
 # include user config
 -include ../config.mak.autogen
 -include ../config.mak
+-include config.mak
 
 # determine version
 ../GIT-VERSION-FILE: .FORCE-GIT-VERSION-FILE
@@ -145,6 +146,15 @@
 	chmod +x $@+ && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
+### Testing rules
+
+test:
+	$(MAKE) -C ../t gitweb-test
+
+test-installed:
+	GITWEB_TEST_INSTALLED='$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitwebdir_SQ)' \
+		$(MAKE) -C ../t gitweb-test
+
 ### Installation rules
 
 install: all
@@ -158,5 +168,5 @@
 clean:
 	$(RM) gitweb.cgi static/gitweb.min.js static/gitweb.min.css GITWEB-BUILD-OPTIONS
 
-.PHONY: all clean install .FORCE-GIT-VERSION-FILE FORCE
+.PHONY: all clean install test test-installed .FORCE-GIT-VERSION-FILE FORCE
 
diff --git a/gitweb/README b/gitweb/README
index bf3664f..a92bde7 100644
--- a/gitweb/README
+++ b/gitweb/README
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
    The filesystem traversing limit for getting the project list; the number
    is taken as depth relative to the projectroot.  It is used when
    GITWEB_LIST is a directory (or is not set; then project root is used).
-   Is is meant to speed up project listing on large work trees by limiting
+   This is meant to speed up project listing on large work trees by limiting
    search depth.  [Default: 2007]
  * GITWEB_LIST
    Points to a directory to scan for projects (defaults to project root
@@ -177,13 +177,15 @@
  * $my_url, $my_uri
    Full URL and absolute URL of gitweb script;
    in earlier versions of gitweb you might have need to set those
-   variables, now there should be no need to do it.
+   variables, now there should be no need to do it.  See
+   $per_request_config if you need to set them still.
  * $base_url
    Base URL for relative URLs in pages generated by gitweb,
    (e.g. $logo, $favicon, @stylesheets if they are relative URLs),
    needed and used only for URLs with nonempty PATH_INFO via
    <base href="$base_url">.  Usually gitweb sets its value correctly,
    and there is no need to set this variable, e.g. to $my_uri or "/".
+   See $per_request_config if you need to set it anyway.
  * $home_link
    Target of the home link on top of all pages (the first part of view
    "breadcrumbs").  By default set to absolute URI of a page ($my_uri).
@@ -246,6 +248,16 @@
    http://www.andre-simon.de due to assumptions about parameters and output).
    Useful if highlight is not installed on your webserver's PATH.
    [Default: highlight]
+ * $per_request_config
+   If set to code reference, it would be run once per each request.  You can
+   set parts of configuration that change per session, e.g. by setting it to
+     sub { $ENV{GL_USER} = $cgi->remote_user || "gitweb"; }
+   Otherwise it is treated as boolean value: if true gitweb would process
+   config file once per request, if false it would process config file only
+   once.  Note: $my_url, $my_uri, and $base_url are overwritten with
+   their default values before every request, so if you want to change
+   them, be sure to set this variable to true or a code reference effecting
+   the desired changes.  The default is true.
 
 Projects list file format
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
diff --git a/gitweb/gitweb.perl b/gitweb/gitweb.perl
index 253f41a..f8db40a 100755
--- a/gitweb/gitweb.perl
+++ b/gitweb/gitweb.perl
@@ -17,12 +17,10 @@
 use Fcntl ':mode';
 use File::Find qw();
 use File::Basename qw(basename);
+use Time::HiRes qw(gettimeofday tv_interval);
 binmode STDOUT, ':utf8';
 
-our $t0;
-if (eval { require Time::HiRes; 1; }) {
-	$t0 = [Time::HiRes::gettimeofday()];
-}
+our $t0 = [ gettimeofday() ];
 our $number_of_git_cmds = 0;
 
 BEGIN {
@@ -188,7 +186,7 @@
 		'type' => 'application/x-gzip',
 		'suffix' => '.tar.gz',
 		'format' => 'tar',
-		'compressor' => ['gzip']},
+		'compressor' => ['gzip', '-n']},
 
 	'tbz2' => {
 		'display' => 'tar.bz2',
@@ -252,13 +250,14 @@
 	# main extensions, defining name of syntax;
 	# see files in /usr/share/highlight/langDefs/ directory
 	map { $_ => $_ }
-		qw(py c cpp rb java css php sh pl js tex bib xml awk bat ini spec tcl),
+		qw(py c cpp rb java css php sh pl js tex bib xml awk bat ini spec tcl sql make),
 	# alternate extensions, see /etc/highlight/filetypes.conf
 	'h' => 'c',
+	map { $_ => 'sh'  } qw(bash zsh ksh),
 	map { $_ => 'cpp' } qw(cxx c++ cc),
-	map { $_ => 'php' } qw(php3 php4),
+	map { $_ => 'php' } qw(php3 php4 php5 phps),
 	map { $_ => 'pl'  } qw(perl pm), # perhaps also 'cgi'
-	'mak' => 'make',
+	map { $_ => 'make'} qw(mak mk),
 	map { $_ => 'xml' } qw(xhtml html htm),
 );
 
@@ -493,6 +492,18 @@
 		'sub' => sub { feature_bool('highlight', @_) },
 		'override' => 0,
 		'default' => [0]},
+
+	# Enable displaying of remote heads in the heads list
+
+	# To enable system wide have in $GITWEB_CONFIG
+	# $feature{'remote_heads'}{'default'} = [1];
+	# To have project specific config enable override in $GITWEB_CONFIG
+	# $feature{'remote_heads'}{'override'} = 1;
+	# and in project config gitweb.remote_heads = 0|1;
+	'remote_heads' => {
+		'sub' => sub { feature_bool('remote_heads', @_) },
+		'override' => 0,
+		'default' => [0]},
 );
 
 sub gitweb_get_feature {
@@ -601,6 +612,14 @@
 		!$known_snapshot_formats{$_}{'disabled'}} @fmts;
 }
 
+# If it is set to code reference, it is code that it is to be run once per
+# request, allowing updating configurations that change with each request,
+# while running other code in config file only once.
+#
+# Otherwise, if it is false then gitweb would process config file only once;
+# if it is true then gitweb config would be run for each request.
+our $per_request_config = 1;
+
 our ($GITWEB_CONFIG, $GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM);
 sub evaluate_gitweb_config {
 	our $GITWEB_CONFIG = $ENV{'GITWEB_CONFIG'} || "++GITWEB_CONFIG++";
@@ -707,6 +726,7 @@
 	"log" => \&git_log,
 	"patch" => \&git_patch,
 	"patches" => \&git_patches,
+	"remotes" => \&git_remotes,
 	"rss" => \&git_rss,
 	"atom" => \&git_atom,
 	"search" => \&git_search,
@@ -1065,16 +1085,27 @@
 }
 
 sub reset_timer {
-	our $t0 = [Time::HiRes::gettimeofday()]
+	our $t0 = [ gettimeofday() ]
 		if defined $t0;
 	our $number_of_git_cmds = 0;
 }
 
+our $first_request = 1;
 sub run_request {
 	reset_timer();
 
 	evaluate_uri();
-	evaluate_gitweb_config();
+	if ($first_request) {
+		evaluate_gitweb_config();
+		evaluate_git_version();
+	}
+	if ($per_request_config) {
+		if (ref($per_request_config) eq 'CODE') {
+			$per_request_config->();
+		} elsif (!$first_request) {
+			evaluate_gitweb_config();
+		}
+	}
 	check_loadavg();
 
 	# $projectroot and $projects_list might be set in gitweb config file
@@ -1127,8 +1158,8 @@
 
 sub run {
 	evaluate_argv();
-	evaluate_git_version();
 
+	$first_request = 1;
 	$pre_listen_hook->()
 		if $pre_listen_hook;
 
@@ -1141,6 +1172,7 @@
 
 		$post_dispatch_hook->()
 			if $post_dispatch_hook;
+		$first_request = 0;
 
 		last REQUEST if ($is_last_request->());
 	}
@@ -1167,11 +1199,15 @@
 # -full => 0|1      - use absolute/full URL ($my_uri/$my_url as base)
 # -replay => 1      - start from a current view (replay with modifications)
 # -path_info => 0|1 - don't use/use path_info URL (if possible)
+# -anchor => ANCHOR - add #ANCHOR to end of URL, implies -replay if used alone
 sub href {
 	my %params = @_;
 	# default is to use -absolute url() i.e. $my_uri
 	my $href = $params{-full} ? $my_url : $my_uri;
 
+	# implicit -replay, must be first of implicit params
+	$params{-replay} = 1 if (keys %params == 1 && $params{-anchor});
+
 	$params{'project'} = $project unless exists $params{'project'};
 
 	if ($params{-replay}) {
@@ -1199,7 +1235,7 @@
 		$href =~ s,/$,,;
 
 		# Then add the project name, if present
-		$href .= "/".esc_url($params{'project'});
+		$href .= "/".esc_path_info($params{'project'});
 		delete $params{'project'};
 
 		# since we destructively absorb parameters, we keep this
@@ -1209,7 +1245,8 @@
 		# Summary just uses the project path URL, any other action is
 		# added to the URL
 		if (defined $params{'action'}) {
-			$href .= "/".esc_url($params{'action'}) unless $params{'action'} eq 'summary';
+			$href .= "/".esc_path_info($params{'action'})
+				unless $params{'action'} eq 'summary';
 			delete $params{'action'};
 		}
 
@@ -1219,13 +1256,13 @@
 			|| $params{'hash_parent'} || $params{'hash'});
 		if (defined $params{'hash_base'}) {
 			if (defined $params{'hash_parent_base'}) {
-				$href .= esc_url($params{'hash_parent_base'});
+				$href .= esc_path_info($params{'hash_parent_base'});
 				# skip the file_parent if it's the same as the file_name
 				if (defined $params{'file_parent'}) {
 					if (defined $params{'file_name'} && $params{'file_parent'} eq $params{'file_name'}) {
 						delete $params{'file_parent'};
 					} elsif ($params{'file_parent'} !~ /\.\./) {
-						$href .= ":/".esc_url($params{'file_parent'});
+						$href .= ":/".esc_path_info($params{'file_parent'});
 						delete $params{'file_parent'};
 					}
 				}
@@ -1233,19 +1270,19 @@
 				delete $params{'hash_parent'};
 				delete $params{'hash_parent_base'};
 			} elsif (defined $params{'hash_parent'}) {
-				$href .= esc_url($params{'hash_parent'}). "..";
+				$href .= esc_path_info($params{'hash_parent'}). "..";
 				delete $params{'hash_parent'};
 			}
 
-			$href .= esc_url($params{'hash_base'});
+			$href .= esc_path_info($params{'hash_base'});
 			if (defined $params{'file_name'} && $params{'file_name'} !~ /\.\./) {
-				$href .= ":/".esc_url($params{'file_name'});
+				$href .= ":/".esc_path_info($params{'file_name'});
 				delete $params{'file_name'};
 			}
 			delete $params{'hash'};
 			delete $params{'hash_base'};
 		} elsif (defined $params{'hash'}) {
-			$href .= esc_url($params{'hash'});
+			$href .= esc_path_info($params{'hash'});
 			delete $params{'hash'};
 		}
 
@@ -1278,6 +1315,13 @@
 	}
 	$href .= "?" . join(';', @result) if scalar @result;
 
+	# final transformation: trailing spaces must be escaped (URI-encoded)
+	$href =~ s/(\s+)$/CGI::escape($1)/e;
+
+	if ($params{-anchor}) {
+		$href .= "#".esc_param($params{-anchor});
+	}
+
 	return $href;
 }
 
@@ -1360,6 +1404,17 @@
 	return $str;
 }
 
+# the quoting rules for path_info fragment are slightly different
+sub esc_path_info {
+	my $str = shift;
+	return undef unless defined $str;
+
+	# path_info doesn't treat '+' as space (specially), but '?' must be escaped
+	$str =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.~();\/;:@&= +]+)/CGI::escape($1)/eg;
+
+	return $str;
+}
+
 # quote unsafe chars in whole URL, so some characters cannot be quoted
 sub esc_url {
 	my $str = shift;
@@ -1369,6 +1424,13 @@
 	return $str;
 }
 
+# quote unsafe characters in HTML attributes
+sub esc_attr {
+
+	# for XHTML conformance escaping '"' to '&quot;' is not enough
+	return esc_html(@_);
+}
+
 # replace invalid utf8 character with SUBSTITUTION sequence
 sub esc_html {
 	my $str = shift;
@@ -1774,7 +1836,7 @@
 					hash=>$dest
 				)}, $name);
 
-			$markers .= " <span class=\"$class\" title=\"$ref\">" .
+			$markers .= " <span class=\"".esc_attr($class)."\" title=\"".esc_attr($ref)."\">" .
 				$link . "</span>";
 		}
 	}
@@ -1858,7 +1920,7 @@
 		return $pre_white .
 		       "<img width=\"$size\" " .
 		            "class=\"avatar\" " .
-		            "src=\"$url\" " .
+		            "src=\"".esc_url($url)."\" " .
 			    "alt=\"\" " .
 		       "/>" . $post_white;
 	} else {
@@ -2569,7 +2631,7 @@
 	} else {
 		my @tags = sort { $cloud->{$a}->{count} <=> $cloud->{$b}->{count} } keys %$cloud;
 		return '<p align="center">' . join (', ', map {
-			"<a href=\"$home_link?by_tag=$_\">$cloud->{$_}->{topname}</a>"
+			$cgi->a({-href=>"$home_link?by_tag=$_"}, $cloud->{$_}->{topname})
 		} splice(@tags, 0, $count)) . '</p>';
 	}
 }
@@ -2759,6 +2821,44 @@
 	return (undef, undef);
 }
 
+# Implementation note: when a single remote is wanted, we cannot use 'git
+# remote show -n' because that command always work (assuming it's a remote URL
+# if it's not defined), and we cannot use 'git remote show' because that would
+# try to make a network roundtrip. So the only way to find if that particular
+# remote is defined is to walk the list provided by 'git remote -v' and stop if
+# and when we find what we want.
+sub git_get_remotes_list {
+	my $wanted = shift;
+	my %remotes = ();
+
+	open my $fd, '-|' , git_cmd(), 'remote', '-v';
+	return unless $fd;
+	while (my $remote = <$fd>) {
+		chomp $remote;
+		$remote =~ s!\t(.*?)\s+\((\w+)\)$!!;
+		next if $wanted and not $remote eq $wanted;
+		my ($url, $key) = ($1, $2);
+
+		$remotes{$remote} ||= { 'heads' => () };
+		$remotes{$remote}{$key} = $url;
+	}
+	close $fd or return;
+	return wantarray ? %remotes : \%remotes;
+}
+
+# Takes a hash of remotes as first parameter and fills it by adding the
+# available remote heads for each of the indicated remotes.
+sub fill_remote_heads {
+	my $remotes = shift;
+	my @heads = map { "remotes/$_" } keys %$remotes;
+	my @remoteheads = git_get_heads_list(undef, @heads);
+	foreach my $remote (keys %$remotes) {
+		$remotes->{$remote}{'heads'} = [ grep {
+			$_->{'name'} =~ s!^$remote/!!
+			} @remoteheads ];
+	}
+}
+
 sub git_get_references {
 	my $type = shift || "";
 	my %refs;
@@ -2821,8 +2921,10 @@
 	$date{'iso-8601'}  = sprintf "%04d-%02d-%02dT%02d:%02d:%02dZ",
 	                     1900+$year, 1+$mon, $mday, $hour ,$min, $sec;
 
-	$tz =~ m/^([+\-][0-9][0-9])([0-9][0-9])$/;
-	my $local = $epoch + ((int $1 + ($2/60)) * 3600);
+	my ($tz_sign, $tz_hour, $tz_min) =
+		($tz =~ m/^([-+])(\d\d)(\d\d)$/);
+	$tz_sign = ($tz_sign eq '-' ? -1 : +1);
+	my $local = $epoch + $tz_sign*((($tz_hour*60) + $tz_min)*60);
 	($sec, $min, $hour, $mday, $mon, $year, $wday, $yday) = gmtime($local);
 	$date{'hour_local'} = $hour;
 	$date{'minute_local'} = $min;
@@ -3157,13 +3259,15 @@
 ## parse to array of hashes functions
 
 sub git_get_heads_list {
-	my $limit = shift;
+	my ($limit, @classes) = @_;
+	@classes = ('heads') unless @classes;
+	my @patterns = map { "refs/$_" } @classes;
 	my @headslist;
 
 	open my $fd, '-|', git_cmd(), 'for-each-ref',
 		($limit ? '--count='.($limit+1) : ()), '--sort=-committerdate',
 		'--format=%(objectname) %(refname) %(subject)%00%(committer)',
-		'refs/heads'
+		@patterns
 		or return;
 	while (my $line = <$fd>) {
 		my %ref_item;
@@ -3174,7 +3278,7 @@
 		my ($committer, $epoch, $tz) =
 			($committerinfo =~ /^(.*) ([0-9]+) (.*)$/);
 		$ref_item{'fullname'}  = $name;
-		$name =~ s!^refs/heads/!!;
+		$name =~ s!^refs/(?:head|remote)s/!!;
 
 		$ref_item{'name'}  = $name;
 		$ref_item{'id'}    = $hash;
@@ -3371,11 +3475,10 @@
 	my ($fd, $highlight, $syntax) = @_;
 	return $fd unless ($highlight && defined $syntax);
 
-	close $fd
-		or die_error(404, "Reading blob failed");
+	close $fd;
 	open $fd, quote_command(git_cmd(), "cat-file", "blob", $hash)." | ".
 	          quote_command($highlight_bin).
-	          " --xhtml --fragment --syntax $syntax |"
+	          " --replace-tabs=8 --fragment --syntax $syntax |"
 		or die_error(500, "Couldn't open file or run syntax highlighter");
 	return $fd;
 }
@@ -3401,6 +3504,51 @@
 	return $title;
 }
 
+sub print_feed_meta {
+	if (defined $project) {
+		my %href_params = get_feed_info();
+		if (!exists $href_params{'-title'}) {
+			$href_params{'-title'} = 'log';
+		}
+
+		foreach my $format (qw(RSS Atom)) {
+			my $type = lc($format);
+			my %link_attr = (
+				'-rel' => 'alternate',
+				'-title' => esc_attr("$project - $href_params{'-title'} - $format feed"),
+				'-type' => "application/$type+xml"
+			);
+
+			$href_params{'action'} = $type;
+			$link_attr{'-href'} = href(%href_params);
+			print "<link ".
+			      "rel=\"$link_attr{'-rel'}\" ".
+			      "title=\"$link_attr{'-title'}\" ".
+			      "href=\"$link_attr{'-href'}\" ".
+			      "type=\"$link_attr{'-type'}\" ".
+			      "/>\n";
+
+			$href_params{'extra_options'} = '--no-merges';
+			$link_attr{'-href'} = href(%href_params);
+			$link_attr{'-title'} .= ' (no merges)';
+			print "<link ".
+			      "rel=\"$link_attr{'-rel'}\" ".
+			      "title=\"$link_attr{'-title'}\" ".
+			      "href=\"$link_attr{'-href'}\" ".
+			      "type=\"$link_attr{'-type'}\" ".
+			      "/>\n";
+		}
+
+	} else {
+		printf('<link rel="alternate" title="%s projects list" '.
+		       'href="%s" type="text/plain; charset=utf-8" />'."\n",
+		       esc_attr($site_name), href(project=>undef, action=>"project_index"));
+		printf('<link rel="alternate" title="%s projects feeds" '.
+		       'href="%s" type="text/x-opml" />'."\n",
+		       esc_attr($site_name), href(project=>undef, action=>"opml"));
+	}
+}
+
 sub git_header_html {
 	my $status = shift || "200 OK";
 	my $expires = shift;
@@ -3443,57 +3591,17 @@
 	# print out each stylesheet that exist, providing backwards capability
 	# for those people who defined $stylesheet in a config file
 	if (defined $stylesheet) {
-		print '<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="'.$stylesheet.'"/>'."\n";
+		print '<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="'.esc_url($stylesheet).'"/>'."\n";
 	} else {
 		foreach my $stylesheet (@stylesheets) {
 			next unless $stylesheet;
-			print '<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="'.$stylesheet.'"/>'."\n";
+			print '<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="'.esc_url($stylesheet).'"/>'."\n";
 		}
 	}
-	if (defined $project) {
-		my %href_params = get_feed_info();
-		if (!exists $href_params{'-title'}) {
-			$href_params{'-title'} = 'log';
-		}
-
-		foreach my $format qw(RSS Atom) {
-			my $type = lc($format);
-			my %link_attr = (
-				'-rel' => 'alternate',
-				'-title' => "$project - $href_params{'-title'} - $format feed",
-				'-type' => "application/$type+xml"
-			);
-
-			$href_params{'action'} = $type;
-			$link_attr{'-href'} = href(%href_params);
-			print "<link ".
-			      "rel=\"$link_attr{'-rel'}\" ".
-			      "title=\"$link_attr{'-title'}\" ".
-			      "href=\"$link_attr{'-href'}\" ".
-			      "type=\"$link_attr{'-type'}\" ".
-			      "/>\n";
-
-			$href_params{'extra_options'} = '--no-merges';
-			$link_attr{'-href'} = href(%href_params);
-			$link_attr{'-title'} .= ' (no merges)';
-			print "<link ".
-			      "rel=\"$link_attr{'-rel'}\" ".
-			      "title=\"$link_attr{'-title'}\" ".
-			      "href=\"$link_attr{'-href'}\" ".
-			      "type=\"$link_attr{'-type'}\" ".
-			      "/>\n";
-		}
-
-	} else {
-		printf('<link rel="alternate" title="%s projects list" '.
-		       'href="%s" type="text/plain; charset=utf-8" />'."\n",
-		       $site_name, href(project=>undef, action=>"project_index"));
-		printf('<link rel="alternate" title="%s projects feeds" '.
-		       'href="%s" type="text/x-opml" />'."\n",
-		       $site_name, href(project=>undef, action=>"opml"));
-	}
+	print_feed_meta()
+		if ($status eq '200 OK');
 	if (defined $favicon) {
-		print qq(<link rel="shortcut icon" href="$favicon" type="image/png" />\n);
+		print qq(<link rel="shortcut icon" href=").esc_url($favicon).qq(" type="image/png" />\n);
 	}
 
 	print "</head>\n" .
@@ -3503,15 +3611,28 @@
 		insert_file($site_header);
 	}
 
-	print "<div class=\"page_header\">\n" .
-	      $cgi->a({-href => esc_url($logo_url),
-	               -title => $logo_label},
-	              qq(<img src="$logo" width="72" height="27" alt="git" class="logo"/>));
+	print "<div class=\"page_header\">\n";
+	if (defined $logo) {
+		print $cgi->a({-href => esc_url($logo_url),
+		               -title => $logo_label},
+		              $cgi->img({-src => esc_url($logo),
+		                         -width => 72, -height => 27,
+		                         -alt => "git",
+		                         -class => "logo"}));
+	}
 	print $cgi->a({-href => esc_url($home_link)}, $home_link_str) . " / ";
 	if (defined $project) {
 		print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"summary")}, esc_html($project));
 		if (defined $action) {
-			print " / $action";
+			my $action_print = $action ;
+			if (defined $opts{-action_extra}) {
+				$action_print = $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>$action)},
+					$action);
+			}
+			print " / $action_print";
+		}
+		if (defined $opts{-action_extra}) {
+			print " / $opts{-action_extra}";
 		}
 		print "\n";
 	}
@@ -3571,7 +3692,7 @@
 		}
 		$href_params{'-title'} ||= 'log';
 
-		foreach my $format qw(RSS Atom) {
+		foreach my $format (qw(RSS Atom)) {
 			$href_params{'action'} = lc($format);
 			print $cgi->a({-href => href(%href_params),
 			              -title => "$href_params{'-title'} $format feed",
@@ -3590,7 +3711,7 @@
 		print "<div id=\"generating_info\">\n";
 		print 'This page took '.
 		      '<span id="generating_time" class="time_span">'.
-		      Time::HiRes::tv_interval($t0, [Time::HiRes::gettimeofday()]).
+		      tv_interval($t0, [ gettimeofday() ]).
 		      ' seconds </span>'.
 		      ' and '.
 		      '<span id="generating_cmd">'.
@@ -3604,7 +3725,7 @@
 		insert_file($site_footer);
 	}
 
-	print qq!<script type="text/javascript" src="$javascript"></script>\n!;
+	print qq!<script type="text/javascript" src="!.esc_url($javascript).qq!"></script>\n!;
 	if (defined $action &&
 	    $action eq 'blame_incremental') {
 		print qq!<script type="text/javascript">\n!.
@@ -3718,6 +3839,19 @@
 	      "</div>\n";
 }
 
+# returns a submenu for the nagivation of the refs views (tags, heads,
+# remotes) with the current view disabled and the remotes view only
+# available if the feature is enabled
+sub format_ref_views {
+	my ($current) = @_;
+	my @ref_views = qw{tags heads};
+	push @ref_views, 'remotes' if gitweb_check_feature('remote_heads');
+	return join " | ", map {
+		$_ eq $current ? $_ :
+		$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>$_)}, $_)
+	} @ref_views
+}
+
 sub format_paging_nav {
 	my ($action, $page, $has_next_link) = @_;
 	my $paging_nav;
@@ -3761,6 +3895,49 @@
 	      "\n</div>\n";
 }
 
+sub format_repo_url {
+	my ($name, $url) = @_;
+	return "<tr class=\"metadata_url\"><td>$name</td><td>$url</td></tr>\n";
+}
+
+# Group output by placing it in a DIV element and adding a header.
+# Options for start_div() can be provided by passing a hash reference as the
+# first parameter to the function.
+# Options to git_print_header_div() can be provided by passing an array
+# reference. This must follow the options to start_div if they are present.
+# The content can be a scalar, which is output as-is, a scalar reference, which
+# is output after html escaping, an IO handle passed either as *handle or
+# *handle{IO}, or a function reference. In the latter case all following
+# parameters will be taken as argument to the content function call.
+sub git_print_section {
+	my ($div_args, $header_args, $content);
+	my $arg = shift;
+	if (ref($arg) eq 'HASH') {
+		$div_args = $arg;
+		$arg = shift;
+	}
+	if (ref($arg) eq 'ARRAY') {
+		$header_args = $arg;
+		$arg = shift;
+	}
+	$content = $arg;
+
+	print $cgi->start_div($div_args);
+	git_print_header_div(@$header_args);
+
+	if (ref($content) eq 'CODE') {
+		$content->(@_);
+	} elsif (ref($content) eq 'SCALAR') {
+		print esc_html($$content);
+	} elsif (ref($content) eq 'GLOB' or ref($content) eq 'IO::Handle') {
+		print <$content>;
+	} elsif (!ref($content) && defined($content)) {
+		print $content;
+	}
+
+	print $cgi->end_div;
+}
+
 sub print_local_time {
 	print format_local_time(@_);
 }
@@ -4168,7 +4345,8 @@
 				# link to patch
 				$patchno++;
 				print "<td class=\"link\">" .
-				      $cgi->a({-href => "#patch$patchno"}, "patch") .
+				      $cgi->a({-href => href(-anchor=>"patch$patchno")},
+				              "patch") .
 				      " | " .
 				      "</td>\n";
 			}
@@ -4245,7 +4423,7 @@
 		}
 		if ($diff->{'from_mode'} ne ('0' x 6)) {
 			$from_mode_oct = oct $diff->{'from_mode'};
-			if (S_ISREG($to_mode_oct)) { # only for regular file
+			if (S_ISREG($from_mode_oct)) { # only for regular file
 				$from_mode_str = sprintf("%04o", $from_mode_oct & 0777); # permission bits
 			}
 			$from_file_type = file_type($diff->{'from_mode'});
@@ -4265,8 +4443,9 @@
 			if ($action eq 'commitdiff') {
 				# link to patch
 				$patchno++;
-				print $cgi->a({-href => "#patch$patchno"}, "patch");
-				print " | ";
+				print $cgi->a({-href => href(-anchor=>"patch$patchno")},
+				              "patch") .
+				      " | ";
 			}
 			print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$diff->{'to_id'},
 			                             hash_base=>$hash, file_name=>$diff->{'file'})},
@@ -4285,8 +4464,9 @@
 			if ($action eq 'commitdiff') {
 				# link to patch
 				$patchno++;
-				print $cgi->a({-href => "#patch$patchno"}, "patch");
-				print " | ";
+				print $cgi->a({-href => href(-anchor=>"patch$patchno")},
+				              "patch") .
+				      " | ";
 			}
 			print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$diff->{'from_id'},
 			                             hash_base=>$parent, file_name=>$diff->{'file'})},
@@ -4327,7 +4507,8 @@
 			if ($action eq 'commitdiff') {
 				# link to patch
 				$patchno++;
-				print $cgi->a({-href => "#patch$patchno"}, "patch") .
+				print $cgi->a({-href => href(-anchor=>"patch$patchno")},
+				              "patch") .
 				      " | ";
 			} elsif ($diff->{'to_id'} ne $diff->{'from_id'}) {
 				# "commit" view and modified file (not onlu mode changed)
@@ -4372,7 +4553,8 @@
 			if ($action eq 'commitdiff') {
 				# link to patch
 				$patchno++;
-				print $cgi->a({-href => "#patch$patchno"}, "patch") .
+				print $cgi->a({-href => href(-anchor=>"patch$patchno")},
+				              "patch") .
 				      " | ";
 			} elsif ($diff->{'to_id'} ne $diff->{'from_id'}) {
 				# "commit" view and modified file (not only pure rename or copy)
@@ -4739,7 +4921,6 @@
 		next if !%co;
 		my $commit = $co{'id'};
 		my $ref = format_ref_marker($refs, $commit);
-		my %ad = parse_date($co{'author_epoch'});
 		git_print_header_div('commit',
 		               "<span class=\"age\">$co{'age_string'}</span>" .
 		               esc_html($co{'title'}) . $ref,
@@ -4960,7 +5141,7 @@
 		      "<td class=\"link\">" .
 		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"shortlog", hash=>$ref{'fullname'})}, "shortlog") . " | " .
 		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"log", hash=>$ref{'fullname'})}, "log") . " | " .
-		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"tree", hash=>$ref{'fullname'}, hash_base=>$ref{'name'})}, "tree") .
+		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"tree", hash=>$ref{'fullname'}, hash_base=>$ref{'fullname'})}, "tree") .
 		      "</td>\n" .
 		      "</tr>";
 	}
@@ -4972,6 +5153,101 @@
 	print "</table>\n";
 }
 
+# Display a single remote block
+sub git_remote_block {
+	my ($remote, $rdata, $limit, $head) = @_;
+
+	my $heads = $rdata->{'heads'};
+	my $fetch = $rdata->{'fetch'};
+	my $push = $rdata->{'push'};
+
+	my $urls_table = "<table class=\"projects_list\">\n" ;
+
+	if (defined $fetch) {
+		if ($fetch eq $push) {
+			$urls_table .= format_repo_url("URL", $fetch);
+		} else {
+			$urls_table .= format_repo_url("Fetch URL", $fetch);
+			$urls_table .= format_repo_url("Push URL", $push) if defined $push;
+		}
+	} elsif (defined $push) {
+		$urls_table .= format_repo_url("Push URL", $push);
+	} else {
+		$urls_table .= format_repo_url("", "No remote URL");
+	}
+
+	$urls_table .= "</table>\n";
+
+	my $dots;
+	if (defined $limit && $limit < @$heads) {
+		$dots = $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"remotes", hash=>$remote)}, "...");
+	}
+
+	print $urls_table;
+	git_heads_body($heads, $head, 0, $limit, $dots);
+}
+
+# Display a list of remote names with the respective fetch and push URLs
+sub git_remotes_list {
+	my ($remotedata, $limit) = @_;
+	print "<table class=\"heads\">\n";
+	my $alternate = 1;
+	my @remotes = sort keys %$remotedata;
+
+	my $limited = $limit && $limit < @remotes;
+
+	$#remotes = $limit - 1 if $limited;
+
+	while (my $remote = shift @remotes) {
+		my $rdata = $remotedata->{$remote};
+		my $fetch = $rdata->{'fetch'};
+		my $push = $rdata->{'push'};
+		if ($alternate) {
+			print "<tr class=\"dark\">\n";
+		} else {
+			print "<tr class=\"light\">\n";
+		}
+		$alternate ^= 1;
+		print "<td>" .
+		      $cgi->a({-href=> href(action=>'remotes', hash=>$remote),
+			       -class=> "list name"},esc_html($remote)) .
+		      "</td>";
+		print "<td class=\"link\">" .
+		      (defined $fetch ? $cgi->a({-href=> $fetch}, "fetch") : "fetch") .
+		      " | " .
+		      (defined $push ? $cgi->a({-href=> $push}, "push") : "push") .
+		      "</td>";
+
+		print "</tr>\n";
+	}
+
+	if ($limited) {
+		print "<tr>\n" .
+		      "<td colspan=\"3\">" .
+		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"remotes")}, "...") .
+		      "</td>\n" . "</tr>\n";
+	}
+
+	print "</table>";
+}
+
+# Display remote heads grouped by remote, unless there are too many
+# remotes, in which case we only display the remote names
+sub git_remotes_body {
+	my ($remotedata, $limit, $head) = @_;
+	if ($limit and $limit < keys %$remotedata) {
+		git_remotes_list($remotedata, $limit);
+	} else {
+		fill_remote_heads($remotedata);
+		while (my ($remote, $rdata) = each %$remotedata) {
+			git_print_section({-class=>"remote", -id=>$remote},
+				["remotes", $remote, $remote], sub {
+					git_remote_block($remote, $rdata, $limit, $head);
+				});
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 sub git_search_grep_body {
 	my ($commitlist, $from, $to, $extra) = @_;
 	$from = 0 unless defined $from;
@@ -5109,6 +5385,7 @@
 	my %co = parse_commit("HEAD");
 	my %cd = %co ? parse_date($co{'committer_epoch'}, $co{'committer_tz'}) : ();
 	my $head = $co{'id'};
+	my $remote_heads = gitweb_check_feature('remote_heads');
 
 	my $owner = git_get_project_owner($project);
 
@@ -5117,6 +5394,7 @@
 	# there are more ...
 	my @taglist  = git_get_tags_list(16);
 	my @headlist = git_get_heads_list(16);
+	my %remotedata = $remote_heads ? git_get_remotes_list() : ();
 	my @forklist;
 	my $check_forks = gitweb_check_feature('forks');
 
@@ -5142,7 +5420,7 @@
 	@url_list = map { "$_/$project" } @git_base_url_list unless @url_list;
 	foreach my $git_url (@url_list) {
 		next unless $git_url;
-		print "<tr class=\"metadata_url\"><td>$url_tag</td><td>$git_url</td></tr>\n";
+		print format_repo_url($url_tag, $git_url);
 		$url_tag = "";
 	}
 
@@ -5194,6 +5472,11 @@
 		               $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"heads")}, "..."));
 	}
 
+	if (%remotedata) {
+		git_print_header_div('remotes');
+		git_remotes_body(\%remotedata, 15, $head);
+	}
+
 	if (@forklist) {
 		git_print_header_div('forks');
 		git_project_list_body(\@forklist, 'age', 0, 15,
@@ -5298,7 +5581,7 @@
 		print 'END';
 		if (defined $t0 && gitweb_check_feature('timed')) {
 			print ' '.
-			      Time::HiRes::tv_interval($t0, [Time::HiRes::gettimeofday()]).
+			      tv_interval($t0, [ gettimeofday() ]).
 			      ' '.$number_of_git_cmds;
 		}
 		print "\n";
@@ -5485,7 +5768,7 @@
 sub git_tags {
 	my $head = git_get_head_hash($project);
 	git_header_html();
-	git_print_page_nav('','', $head,undef,$head);
+	git_print_page_nav('','', $head,undef,$head,format_ref_views('tags'));
 	git_print_header_div('summary', $project);
 
 	my @tagslist = git_get_tags_list();
@@ -5498,7 +5781,7 @@
 sub git_heads {
 	my $head = git_get_head_hash($project);
 	git_header_html();
-	git_print_page_nav('','', $head,undef,$head);
+	git_print_page_nav('','', $head,undef,$head,format_ref_views('heads'));
 	git_print_header_div('summary', $project);
 
 	my @headslist = git_get_heads_list();
@@ -5508,6 +5791,39 @@
 	git_footer_html();
 }
 
+# used both for single remote view and for list of all the remotes
+sub git_remotes {
+	gitweb_check_feature('remote_heads')
+		or die_error(403, "Remote heads view is disabled");
+
+	my $head = git_get_head_hash($project);
+	my $remote = $input_params{'hash'};
+
+	my $remotedata = git_get_remotes_list($remote);
+	die_error(500, "Unable to get remote information") unless defined $remotedata;
+
+	unless (%$remotedata) {
+		die_error(404, defined $remote ?
+			"Remote $remote not found" :
+			"No remotes found");
+	}
+
+	git_header_html(undef, undef, -action_extra => $remote);
+	git_print_page_nav('', '',  $head, undef, $head,
+		format_ref_views($remote ? '' : 'remotes'));
+
+	fill_remote_heads($remotedata);
+	if (defined $remote) {
+		git_print_header_div('remotes', "$remote remote for $project");
+		git_remote_block($remote, $remotedata->{$remote}, undef, $head);
+	} else {
+		git_print_header_div('summary', "$project remotes");
+		git_remotes_body($remotedata, undef, $head);
+	}
+
+	git_footer_html();
+}
+
 sub git_blob_plain {
 	my $type = shift;
 	my $expires;
@@ -5624,14 +5940,14 @@
 	} else {
 		print "<div class=\"page_nav\">\n" .
 		      "<br/><br/></div>\n" .
-		      "<div class=\"title\">$hash</div>\n";
+		      "<div class=\"title\">".esc_html($hash)."</div>\n";
 	}
 	git_print_page_path($file_name, "blob", $hash_base);
 	print "<div class=\"page_body\">\n";
 	if ($mimetype =~ m!^image/!) {
-		print qq!<img type="$mimetype"!;
+		print qq!<img type="!.esc_attr($mimetype).qq!"!;
 		if ($file_name) {
-			print qq! alt="$file_name" title="$file_name"!;
+			print qq! alt="!.esc_attr($file_name).qq!" title="!.esc_attr($file_name).qq!"!;
 		}
 		print qq! src="! .
 		      href(action=>"blob_plain", hash=>$hash,
@@ -5644,7 +5960,7 @@
 			$nr++;
 			$line = untabify($line);
 			printf qq!<div class="pre"><a id="l%i" href="%s#l%i" class="linenr">%4i</a> %s</div>\n!,
-			       $nr, href(-replay => 1), $nr, $nr, $syntax ? $line : esc_html($line, -nbsp=>1);
+			       $nr, esc_attr(href(-replay => 1)), $nr, $nr, $syntax ? $line : esc_html($line, -nbsp=>1);
 		}
 	}
 	close $fd
@@ -5706,7 +6022,7 @@
 		undef $hash_base;
 		print "<div class=\"page_nav\">\n";
 		print "<br/><br/></div>\n";
-		print "<div class=\"title\">$hash</div>\n";
+		print "<div class=\"title\">".esc_html($hash)."</div>\n";
 	}
 	if (defined $file_name) {
 		$basedir = $file_name;
@@ -6174,7 +6490,7 @@
 			git_print_header_div('commit', esc_html($co{'title'}), $hash_base);
 		} else {
 			print "<div class=\"page_nav\"><br/>$formats_nav<br/></div>\n";
-			print "<div class=\"title\">$hash vs $hash_parent</div>\n";
+			print "<div class=\"title\">".esc_html("$hash vs $hash_parent")."</div>\n";
 		}
 		if (defined $file_name) {
 			git_print_page_path($file_name, "blob", $hash_base);
@@ -6762,7 +7078,7 @@
 	if (defined($commitlist[0])) {
 		%latest_commit = %{$commitlist[0]};
 		my $latest_epoch = $latest_commit{'committer_epoch'};
-		%latest_date   = parse_date($latest_epoch);
+		%latest_date   = parse_date($latest_epoch, $latest_commit{'comitter_tz'});
 		my $if_modified = $cgi->http('IF_MODIFIED_SINCE');
 		if (defined $if_modified) {
 			my $since;
@@ -6872,7 +7188,7 @@
 		if (defined $favicon) {
 			print "<icon>" . esc_url($favicon) . "</icon>\n";
 		}
-		if (defined $logo_url) {
+		if (defined $logo) {
 			# not twice as wide as tall: 72 x 27 pixels
 			print "<logo>" . esc_url($logo) . "</logo>\n";
 		}
@@ -6893,7 +7209,7 @@
 		if (($i >= 20) && ((time - $co{'author_epoch'}) > 48*60*60)) {
 			last;
 		}
-		my %cd = parse_date($co{'author_epoch'});
+		my %cd = parse_date($co{'author_epoch'}, $co{'author_tz'});
 
 		# get list of changed files
 		open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "diff-tree", '-r', @diff_opts,
diff --git a/gitweb/static/gitweb.css b/gitweb/static/gitweb.css
index 4132aab..79d7eeb 100644
--- a/gitweb/static/gitweb.css
+++ b/gitweb/static/gitweb.css
@@ -573,6 +573,12 @@
 	font-style: italic;
 }
 
+div.remote {
+	margin: .5em;
+	border: 1px solid #d9d8d1;
+	display: inline-block;
+}
+
 /* Style definition generated by highlight 2.4.5, http://www.andre-simon.de/ */
 
 /* Highlighting theme definition: */
diff --git a/gitweb/static/gitweb.js b/gitweb/static/gitweb.js
index 9c66928..40ec084 100644
--- a/gitweb/static/gitweb.js
+++ b/gitweb/static/gitweb.js
@@ -399,7 +399,24 @@
  * used to extract hours and minutes from timezone info, e.g '-0900'
  * @constant
  */
-var tzRe = /^([+-][0-9][0-9])([0-9][0-9])$/;
+var tzRe = /^([+-])([0-9][0-9])([0-9][0-9])$/;
+
+/**
+ * convert numeric timezone +/-ZZZZ to offset from UTC in seconds
+ *
+ * @param {String} timezoneInfo: numeric timezone '(+|-)HHMM'
+ * @returns {Number} offset from UTC in seconds for timezone
+ *
+ * @globals tzRe
+ */
+function timezoneOffset(timezoneInfo) {
+	var match = tzRe.exec(timezoneInfo);
+	var tz_sign = (match[1] === '-' ? -1 : +1);
+	var tz_hour = parseInt(match[2],10);
+	var tz_min  = parseInt(match[3],10);
+
+	return tz_sign*(((tz_hour*60) + tz_min)*60);
+}
 
 /**
  * return date in local time formatted in iso-8601 like format
@@ -408,14 +425,11 @@
  * @param {Number} epoch: seconds since '00:00:00 1970-01-01 UTC'
  * @param {String} timezoneInfo: numeric timezone '(+|-)HHMM'
  * @returns {String} date in local time in iso-8601 like format
- *
- * @globals tzRe
  */
 function formatDateISOLocal(epoch, timezoneInfo) {
-	var match = tzRe.exec(timezoneInfo);
 	// date corrected by timezone
 	var localDate = new Date(1000 * (epoch +
-		(parseInt(match[1],10)*3600 + parseInt(match[2],10)*60)));
+		timezoneOffset(timezoneInfo)));
 	var localDateStr = // e.g. '2005-08-07'
 		localDate.getUTCFullYear()                 + '-' +
 		padLeft(localDate.getUTCMonth()+1, 2, '0') + '-' +
diff --git a/graph.c b/graph.c
index f1a63c2..ef2e24e 100644
--- a/graph.c
+++ b/graph.c
@@ -798,22 +798,9 @@
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * If revs->left_right is set, print '<' for commits that
-	 * come from the left side, and '>' for commits from the right
-	 * side.
+	 * get_revision_mark() handles all other cases without assert()
 	 */
-	if (graph->revs && graph->revs->left_right) {
-		if (graph->commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT)
-			strbuf_addch(sb, '<');
-		else
-			strbuf_addch(sb, '>');
-		return;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Print '*' in all other cases
-	 */
-	strbuf_addch(sb, '*');
+	strbuf_addstr(sb, get_revision_mark(graph->revs, graph->commit));
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/hash.c b/hash.c
index 1cd4c9d..749ecfe 100644
--- a/hash.c
+++ b/hash.c
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
 	return insert_hash_entry(hash, ptr, table);
 }
 
-int for_each_hash(const struct hash_table *table, int (*fn)(void *))
+int for_each_hash(const struct hash_table *table, int (*fn)(void *, void *), void *data)
 {
 	int sum = 0;
 	unsigned int i;
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
 		void *ptr = array->ptr;
 		array++;
 		if (ptr) {
-			int val = fn(ptr);
+			int val = fn(ptr, data);
 			if (val < 0)
 				return val;
 			sum += val;
diff --git a/hash.h b/hash.h
index 69e33a4..b875ce6 100644
--- a/hash.h
+++ b/hash.h
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 
 extern void *lookup_hash(unsigned int hash, const struct hash_table *table);
 extern void **insert_hash(unsigned int hash, void *ptr, struct hash_table *table);
-extern int for_each_hash(const struct hash_table *table, int (*fn)(void *));
+extern int for_each_hash(const struct hash_table *table, int (*fn)(void *, void *), void *data);
 extern void free_hash(struct hash_table *table);
 
 static inline void init_hash(struct hash_table *table)
diff --git a/help.c b/help.c
index 7f4928e..7654f1b 100644
--- a/help.c
+++ b/help.c
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
 #include "levenshtein.h"
 #include "help.h"
+#include "common-cmds.h"
 
 /* most GUI terminals set COLUMNS (although some don't export it) */
 static int term_columns(void)
@@ -298,7 +299,8 @@
 }
 
 /* An empirically derived magic number */
-#define SIMILAR_ENOUGH(x) ((x) < 6)
+#define SIMILARITY_FLOOR 7
+#define SIMILAR_ENOUGH(x) ((x) < SIMILARITY_FLOOR)
 
 const char *help_unknown_cmd(const char *cmd)
 {
@@ -319,10 +321,28 @@
 	      sizeof(main_cmds.names), cmdname_compare);
 	uniq(&main_cmds);
 
-	/* This reuses cmdname->len for similarity index */
-	for (i = 0; i < main_cmds.cnt; ++i)
+	/* This abuses cmdname->len for levenshtein distance */
+	for (i = 0, n = 0; i < main_cmds.cnt; i++) {
+		int cmp = 0; /* avoid compiler stupidity */
+		const char *candidate = main_cmds.names[i]->name;
+
+		/* Does the candidate appear in common_cmds list? */
+		while (n < ARRAY_SIZE(common_cmds) &&
+		       (cmp = strcmp(common_cmds[n].name, candidate)) < 0)
+			n++;
+		if ((n < ARRAY_SIZE(common_cmds)) && !cmp) {
+			/* Yes, this is one of the common commands */
+			n++; /* use the entry from common_cmds[] */
+			if (!prefixcmp(candidate, cmd)) {
+				/* Give prefix match a very good score */
+				main_cmds.names[i]->len = 0;
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+
 		main_cmds.names[i]->len =
-			levenshtein(cmd, main_cmds.names[i]->name, 0, 2, 1, 4);
+			levenshtein(cmd, candidate, 0, 2, 1, 4) + 1;
+	}
 
 	qsort(main_cmds.names, main_cmds.cnt,
 	      sizeof(*main_cmds.names), levenshtein_compare);
@@ -330,10 +350,21 @@
 	if (!main_cmds.cnt)
 		die ("Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all.");
 
-	best_similarity = main_cmds.names[0]->len;
-	n = 1;
-	while (n < main_cmds.cnt && best_similarity == main_cmds.names[n]->len)
-		++n;
+	/* skip and count prefix matches */
+	for (n = 0; n < main_cmds.cnt && !main_cmds.names[n]->len; n++)
+		; /* still counting */
+
+	if (main_cmds.cnt <= n) {
+		/* prefix matches with everything? that is too ambiguous */
+		best_similarity = SIMILARITY_FLOOR + 1;
+	} else {
+		/* count all the most similar ones */
+		for (best_similarity = main_cmds.names[n++]->len;
+		     (n < main_cmds.cnt &&
+		      best_similarity == main_cmds.names[n]->len);
+		     n++)
+			; /* still counting */
+	}
 	if (autocorrect && n == 1 && SIMILAR_ENOUGH(best_similarity)) {
 		const char *assumed = main_cmds.names[0]->name;
 		main_cmds.names[0] = NULL;
diff --git a/http-backend.c b/http-backend.c
index 14c90c2..8501504 100644
--- a/http-backend.c
+++ b/http-backend.c
@@ -510,9 +510,7 @@
 			die("GIT_PROJECT_ROOT is set but PATH_INFO is not");
 		if (daemon_avoid_alias(pathinfo))
 			die("'%s': aliased", pathinfo);
-		strbuf_addstr(&buf, root);
-		if (buf.buf[buf.len - 1] != '/')
-			strbuf_addch(&buf, '/');
+		end_url_with_slash(&buf, root);
 		if (pathinfo[0] == '/')
 			pathinfo++;
 		strbuf_addstr(&buf, pathinfo);
diff --git a/http-fetch.c b/http-fetch.c
index 762c750..3af4c71b 100644
--- a/http-fetch.c
+++ b/http-fetch.c
@@ -8,14 +8,12 @@
 
 int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
-	const char *prefix;
 	struct walker *walker;
 	int commits_on_stdin = 0;
 	int commits;
 	const char **write_ref = NULL;
 	char **commit_id;
-	const char *url;
-	char *rewritten_url = NULL;
+	char *url = NULL;
 	int arg = 1;
 	int rc = 0;
 	int get_tree = 0;
@@ -57,19 +55,14 @@
 		commit_id = (char **) &argv[arg++];
 		commits = 1;
 	}
-	url = argv[arg];
 
-	prefix = setup_git_directory();
+	if (argv[arg])
+		str_end_url_with_slash(argv[arg], &url);
+
+	setup_git_directory();
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
-	if (url && url[strlen(url)-1] != '/') {
-		rewritten_url = xmalloc(strlen(url)+2);
-		strcpy(rewritten_url, url);
-		strcat(rewritten_url, "/");
-		url = rewritten_url;
-	}
-
 	http_init(NULL);
 	walker = get_http_walker(url);
 	walker->get_tree = get_tree;
@@ -93,7 +86,7 @@
 	walker_free(walker);
 	http_cleanup();
 
-	free(rewritten_url);
+	free(url);
 
 	return rc;
 }
diff --git a/http-push.c b/http-push.c
index c9bcd11..d18346c 100644
--- a/http-push.c
+++ b/http-push.c
@@ -82,8 +82,7 @@
 
 static struct object_list *objects;
 
-struct repo
-{
+struct repo {
 	char *url;
 	char *path;
 	int path_len;
@@ -108,8 +107,7 @@
 	COMPLETE
 };
 
-struct transfer_request
-{
+struct transfer_request {
 	struct object *obj;
 	char *url;
 	char *dest;
@@ -127,8 +125,7 @@
 
 static struct transfer_request *request_queue_head;
 
-struct xml_ctx
-{
+struct xml_ctx {
 	char *name;
 	int len;
 	char *cdata;
@@ -136,8 +133,7 @@
 	void *userData;
 };
 
-struct remote_lock
-{
+struct remote_lock {
 	char *url;
 	char *owner;
 	char *token;
@@ -156,8 +152,7 @@
 /* Flags that remote_ls passes to callback functions */
 #define IS_DIR (1u << 0)
 
-struct remote_ls_ctx
-{
+struct remote_ls_ctx {
 	char *path;
 	void (*userFunc)(struct remote_ls_ctx *ls);
 	void *userData;
@@ -1090,6 +1085,10 @@
 	if (tag_closed) {
 		if (!strcmp(ctx->name, DAV_PROPFIND_RESP) && ls->dentry_name) {
 			if (ls->dentry_flags & IS_DIR) {
+
+				/* ensure collection names end with slash */
+				str_end_url_with_slash(ls->dentry_name, &ls->dentry_name);
+
 				if (ls->flags & PROCESS_DIRS) {
 					ls->userFunc(ls);
 				}
@@ -1112,8 +1111,16 @@
 				}
 			}
 			if (path) {
-				path += repo->path_len;
-				ls->dentry_name = xstrdup(path);
+				const char *url = repo->url;
+				if (repo->path)
+					url = repo->path;
+				if (strncmp(path, url, repo->path_len))
+					error("Parsed path '%s' does not match url: '%s'\n",
+					      path, url);
+				else {
+					path += repo->path_len;
+					ls->dentry_name = xstrdup(path);
+				}
 			}
 		} else if (!strcmp(ctx->name, DAV_PROPFIND_COLLECTION)) {
 			ls->dentry_flags |= IS_DIR;
@@ -1789,7 +1796,6 @@
 	int new_refs;
 	struct ref *ref, *local_refs;
 	struct remote *remote;
-	char *rewritten_url = NULL;
 
 	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 
@@ -1835,8 +1841,8 @@
 		}
 		if (!repo->url) {
 			char *path = strstr(arg, "//");
-			repo->url = arg;
-			repo->path_len = strlen(arg);
+			str_end_url_with_slash(arg, &repo->url);
+			repo->path_len = strlen(repo->url);
 			if (path) {
 				repo->path = strchr(path+2, '/');
 				if (repo->path)
@@ -1872,15 +1878,6 @@
 	remote->url[remote->url_nr++] = repo->url;
 	http_init(remote);
 
-	if (repo->url && repo->url[strlen(repo->url)-1] != '/') {
-		rewritten_url = xmalloc(strlen(repo->url)+2);
-		strcpy(rewritten_url, repo->url);
-		strcat(rewritten_url, "/");
-		repo->path = rewritten_url + (repo->path - repo->url);
-		repo->path_len++;
-		repo->url = rewritten_url;
-	}
-
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
 	is_running_queue = 0;
 #endif
@@ -2088,7 +2085,6 @@
 	}
 
  cleanup:
-	free(rewritten_url);
 	if (info_ref_lock)
 		unlock_remote(info_ref_lock);
 	free(repo);
diff --git a/http-walker.c b/http-walker.c
index 18bd650..9bc8114 100644
--- a/http-walker.c
+++ b/http-walker.c
@@ -3,8 +3,7 @@
 #include "walker.h"
 #include "http.h"
 
-struct alt_base
-{
+struct alt_base {
 	char *base;
 	int got_indices;
 	struct packed_git *packs;
@@ -18,8 +17,7 @@
 	COMPLETE
 };
 
-struct object_request
-{
+struct object_request {
 	struct walker *walker;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	struct alt_base *repo;
diff --git a/http.c b/http.c
index 0a5011f..b27bb57 100644
--- a/http.c
+++ b/http.c
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #include "pack.h"
 #include "sideband.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "url.h"
 
 int data_received;
 int active_requests;
@@ -279,6 +280,11 @@
 	}
 
 	curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1);
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x071301
+	curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_POSTREDIR, CURL_REDIR_POST_ALL);
+#elif LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x071101
+	curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_POST301, 1);
+#endif
 
 	if (getenv("GIT_CURL_VERBOSE"))
 		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, 1);
@@ -297,7 +303,7 @@
 
 static void http_auth_init(const char *url)
 {
-	char *at, *colon, *cp, *slash;
+	char *at, *colon, *cp, *slash, *decoded;
 	int len;
 
 	cp = strstr(url, "://");
@@ -322,16 +328,25 @@
 		user_name = xmalloc(len + 1);
 		memcpy(user_name, cp, len);
 		user_name[len] = '\0';
+		decoded = url_decode(user_name);
+		free(user_name);
+		user_name = decoded;
 		user_pass = NULL;
 	} else {
 		len = colon - cp;
 		user_name = xmalloc(len + 1);
 		memcpy(user_name, cp, len);
 		user_name[len] = '\0';
+		decoded = url_decode(user_name);
+		free(user_name);
+		user_name = decoded;
 		len = at - (colon + 1);
 		user_pass = xmalloc(len + 1);
 		memcpy(user_pass, colon + 1, len);
 		user_pass[len] = '\0';
+		decoded = url_decode(user_pass);
+		free(user_pass);
+		user_pass = decoded;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -521,6 +536,7 @@
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, NULL);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, NULL);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, NULL);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, NULL);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_UPLOAD, 0);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPGET, 1);
 
@@ -728,13 +744,6 @@
 		return 'A' + v - 10;
 }
 
-void end_url_with_slash(struct strbuf *buf, const char *url)
-{
-	strbuf_addstr(buf, url);
-	if (buf->len && buf->buf[buf->len - 1] != '/')
-		strbuf_addstr(buf, "/");
-}
-
 static char *quote_ref_url(const char *base, const char *ref)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
diff --git a/http.h b/http.h
index 173f74c..e9ed3c2 100644
--- a/http.h
+++ b/http.h
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "remote.h"
+#include "url.h"
 
 /*
  * We detect based on the cURL version if multi-transfer is
@@ -41,14 +42,12 @@
 #define NO_CURL_IOCTL
 #endif
 
-struct slot_results
-{
+struct slot_results {
 	CURLcode curl_result;
 	long http_code;
 };
 
-struct active_request_slot
-{
+struct active_request_slot {
 	CURL *curl;
 	FILE *local;
 	int in_use;
@@ -61,8 +60,7 @@
 	struct active_request_slot *next;
 };
 
-struct buffer
-{
+struct buffer {
 	struct strbuf buf;
 	size_t posn;
 };
@@ -117,7 +115,6 @@
 				     int only_two_digit_prefix);
 extern char *get_remote_object_url(const char *url, const char *hex,
 				   int only_two_digit_prefix);
-extern void end_url_with_slash(struct strbuf *buf, const char *url);
 
 /* Options for http_request_*() */
 #define HTTP_NO_CACHE		1
@@ -149,8 +146,7 @@
 extern int http_get_info_packs(const char *base_url,
 	struct packed_git **packs_head);
 
-struct http_pack_request
-{
+struct http_pack_request {
 	char *url;
 	struct packed_git *target;
 	struct packed_git **lst;
@@ -166,8 +162,7 @@
 extern void release_http_pack_request(struct http_pack_request *preq);
 
 /* Helpers for fetching object */
-struct http_object_request
-{
+struct http_object_request {
 	char *url;
 	char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
 	int localfile;
diff --git a/ident.c b/ident.c
index 9e24388..8e56b5e 100644
--- a/ident.c
+++ b/ident.c
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 			*dst++ = toupper(*w->pw_name);
 			memcpy(dst, w->pw_name + 1, nlen - 1);
 			dst += nlen - 1;
+			len += nlen;
 		}
 	}
 	if (len < sz)
@@ -217,8 +218,10 @@
 	}
 
 	strcpy(date, git_default_date);
-	if (!name_addr_only && date_str)
-		parse_date(date_str, date, sizeof(date));
+	if (!name_addr_only && date_str && date_str[0]) {
+		if (parse_date(date_str, date, sizeof(date)) < 0)
+			die("invalid date format: %s", date_str);
+	}
 
 	i = copy(buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0, name);
 	i = add_raw(buffer, sizeof(buffer), i, " <");
diff --git a/imap-send.c b/imap-send.c
index 71506a8..9adf4b9 100644
--- a/imap-send.c
+++ b/imap-send.c
@@ -1069,7 +1069,7 @@
 
 	if (srvc->tunnel) {
 		const char *argv[] = { srvc->tunnel, NULL };
-		struct child_process tunnel = {0};
+		struct child_process tunnel = {NULL};
 
 		imap_info("Starting tunnel '%s'... ", srvc->tunnel);
 
diff --git a/list-objects.c b/list-objects.c
index 8953548..838b6a7 100644
--- a/list-objects.c
+++ b/list-objects.c
@@ -61,12 +61,15 @@
 			 struct tree *tree,
 			 show_object_fn show,
 			 struct name_path *path,
+			 struct strbuf *base,
 			 const char *name)
 {
 	struct object *obj = &tree->object;
 	struct tree_desc desc;
 	struct name_entry entry;
 	struct name_path me;
+	int all_interesting = (revs->diffopt.pathspec.nr == 0);
+	int baselen = base->len;
 
 	if (!revs->tree_objects)
 		return;
@@ -82,13 +85,32 @@
 	me.elem = name;
 	me.elem_len = strlen(name);
 
+	if (!all_interesting) {
+		strbuf_addstr(base, name);
+		if (base->len)
+			strbuf_addch(base, '/');
+	}
+
 	init_tree_desc(&desc, tree->buffer, tree->size);
 
 	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry)) {
+		if (!all_interesting) {
+			int showit = tree_entry_interesting(&entry,
+							    base, 0,
+							    &revs->diffopt.pathspec);
+
+			if (showit < 0)
+				break;
+			else if (!showit)
+				continue;
+			else if (showit == 2)
+				all_interesting = 1;
+		}
+
 		if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode))
 			process_tree(revs,
 				     lookup_tree(entry.sha1),
-				     show, &me, entry.path);
+				     show, &me, base, entry.path);
 		else if (S_ISGITLINK(entry.mode))
 			process_gitlink(revs, entry.sha1,
 					show, &me, entry.path);
@@ -97,6 +119,7 @@
 				     lookup_blob(entry.sha1),
 				     show, &me, entry.path);
 	}
+	strbuf_setlen(base, baselen);
 	free(tree->buffer);
 	tree->buffer = NULL;
 }
@@ -146,9 +169,16 @@
 {
 	int i;
 	struct commit *commit;
+	struct strbuf base;
 
+	strbuf_init(&base, PATH_MAX);
 	while ((commit = get_revision(revs)) != NULL) {
-		add_pending_tree(revs, commit->tree);
+		/*
+		 * an uninteresting boundary commit may not have its tree
+		 * parsed yet, but we are not going to show them anyway
+		 */
+		if (commit->tree)
+			add_pending_tree(revs, commit->tree);
 		show_commit(commit, data);
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < revs->pending.nr; i++) {
@@ -164,7 +194,7 @@
 		}
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE) {
 			process_tree(revs, (struct tree *)obj, show_object,
-				     NULL, name);
+				     NULL, &base, name);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB) {
@@ -181,4 +211,5 @@
 		revs->pending.alloc = 0;
 		revs->pending.objects = NULL;
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&base);
 }
diff --git a/ll-merge.c b/ll-merge.c
index 007dd3e..6ce512e 100644
--- a/ll-merge.c
+++ b/ll-merge.c
@@ -351,16 +351,13 @@
 	     const struct ll_merge_options *opts)
 {
 	static struct git_attr_check check[2];
+	static const struct ll_merge_options default_opts;
 	const char *ll_driver_name = NULL;
 	int marker_size = DEFAULT_CONFLICT_MARKER_SIZE;
 	const struct ll_merge_driver *driver;
 
-	if (!opts) {
-		struct ll_merge_options default_opts = {0};
-		return ll_merge(result_buf, path, ancestor, ancestor_label,
-				ours, our_label, theirs, their_label,
-				&default_opts);
-	}
+	if (!opts)
+		opts = &default_opts;
 
 	if (opts->renormalize) {
 		normalize_file(ancestor, path);
diff --git a/lockfile.c b/lockfile.c
index b0d74cd..c6fb77b 100644
--- a/lockfile.c
+++ b/lockfile.c
@@ -164,10 +164,10 @@
 		    "If no other git process is currently running, this probably means a\n"
 		    "git process crashed in this repository earlier. Make sure no other git\n"
 		    "process is running and remove the file manually to continue.",
-			    make_nonrelative_path(path), strerror(err));
+			    absolute_path(path), strerror(err));
 	} else
 		strbuf_addf(&buf, "Unable to create '%s.lock': %s",
-			    make_nonrelative_path(path), strerror(err));
+			    absolute_path(path), strerror(err));
 	return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 }
 
diff --git a/log-tree.c b/log-tree.c
index b46ed3b..2a1e3a9 100644
--- a/log-tree.c
+++ b/log-tree.c
@@ -380,18 +380,8 @@
 	if (!opt->verbose_header) {
 		graph_show_commit(opt->graph);
 
-		if (!opt->graph) {
-			if (commit->object.flags & BOUNDARY)
-				putchar('-');
-			else if (commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
-				putchar('^');
-			else if (opt->left_right) {
-				if (commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT)
-					putchar('<');
-				else
-					putchar('>');
-			}
-		}
+		if (!opt->graph)
+			put_revision_mark(opt, commit);
 		fputs(find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, abbrev_commit), stdout);
 		if (opt->print_parents)
 			show_parents(commit, abbrev_commit);
@@ -448,18 +438,8 @@
 		if (opt->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
 			fputs("commit ", stdout);
 
-		if (!opt->graph) {
-			if (commit->object.flags & BOUNDARY)
-				putchar('-');
-			else if (commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
-				putchar('^');
-			else if (opt->left_right) {
-				if (commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT)
-					putchar('<');
-				else
-					putchar('>');
-			}
-		}
+		if (!opt->graph)
+			put_revision_mark(opt, commit);
 		fputs(find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, abbrev_commit),
 		      stdout);
 		if (opt->print_parents)
diff --git a/mailmap.c b/mailmap.c
index f80b701..02fcfde 100644
--- a/mailmap.c
+++ b/mailmap.c
@@ -79,12 +79,14 @@
 	if (old_name == NULL) {
 		debug_mm("mailmap: adding (simple) entry for %s at index %d\n", old_email, index);
 		/* Replace current name and new email for simple entry */
-		free(me->name);
-		free(me->email);
-		if (new_name)
+		if (new_name) {
+			free(me->name);
 			me->name = xstrdup(new_name);
-		if (new_email)
+		}
+		if (new_email) {
+			free(me->email);
 			me->email = xstrdup(new_email);
+		}
 	} else {
 		struct mailmap_info *mi = xmalloc(sizeof(struct mailmap_info));
 		debug_mm("mailmap: adding (complex) entry for %s at index %d\n", old_email, index);
diff --git a/merge-recursive.c b/merge-recursive.c
index 875859f..ae6ade4 100644
--- a/merge-recursive.c
+++ b/merge-recursive.c
@@ -63,20 +63,62 @@
 	return a && b && hashcmp(a, b) == 0;
 }
 
+enum rename_type {
+	RENAME_NORMAL = 0,
+	RENAME_DELETE,
+	RENAME_ONE_FILE_TO_TWO
+};
+
+struct rename_df_conflict_info {
+	enum rename_type rename_type;
+	struct diff_filepair *pair1;
+	struct diff_filepair *pair2;
+	const char *branch1;
+	const char *branch2;
+	struct stage_data *dst_entry1;
+	struct stage_data *dst_entry2;
+};
+
 /*
  * Since we want to write the index eventually, we cannot reuse the index
  * for these (temporary) data.
  */
-struct stage_data
-{
-	struct
-	{
+struct stage_data {
+	struct {
 		unsigned mode;
 		unsigned char sha[20];
 	} stages[4];
+	struct rename_df_conflict_info *rename_df_conflict_info;
 	unsigned processed:1;
 };
 
+static inline void setup_rename_df_conflict_info(enum rename_type rename_type,
+						 struct diff_filepair *pair1,
+						 struct diff_filepair *pair2,
+						 const char *branch1,
+						 const char *branch2,
+						 struct stage_data *dst_entry1,
+						 struct stage_data *dst_entry2)
+{
+	struct rename_df_conflict_info *ci = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct rename_df_conflict_info));
+	ci->rename_type = rename_type;
+	ci->pair1 = pair1;
+	ci->branch1 = branch1;
+	ci->branch2 = branch2;
+
+	ci->dst_entry1 = dst_entry1;
+	dst_entry1->rename_df_conflict_info = ci;
+	dst_entry1->processed = 0;
+
+	assert(!pair2 == !dst_entry2);
+	if (dst_entry2) {
+		ci->dst_entry2 = dst_entry2;
+		ci->pair2 = pair2;
+		dst_entry2->rename_df_conflict_info = ci;
+		dst_entry2->processed = 0;
+	}
+}
+
 static int show(struct merge_options *o, int v)
 {
 	return (!o->call_depth && o->verbosity >= v) || o->verbosity >= 5;
@@ -93,7 +135,6 @@
 __attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)))
 static void output(struct merge_options *o, int v, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
-	int len;
 	va_list ap;
 
 	if (!show(o, v))
@@ -104,21 +145,9 @@
 	strbuf_setlen(&o->obuf, o->obuf.len + o->call_depth * 2);
 
 	va_start(ap, fmt);
-	len = vsnprintf(o->obuf.buf + o->obuf.len, strbuf_avail(&o->obuf), fmt, ap);
+	strbuf_vaddf(&o->obuf, fmt, ap);
 	va_end(ap);
 
-	if (len < 0)
-		len = 0;
-	if (len >= strbuf_avail(&o->obuf)) {
-		strbuf_grow(&o->obuf, len + 2);
-		va_start(ap, fmt);
-		len = vsnprintf(o->obuf.buf + o->obuf.len, strbuf_avail(&o->obuf), fmt, ap);
-		va_end(ap);
-		if (len >= strbuf_avail(&o->obuf)) {
-			die("this should not happen, your snprintf is broken");
-		}
-	}
-	strbuf_setlen(&o->obuf, o->obuf.len + len);
 	strbuf_add(&o->obuf, "\n", 1);
 	if (!o->buffer_output)
 		flush_output(o);
@@ -302,8 +331,62 @@
 	return unmerged;
 }
 
-struct rename
+static void make_room_for_directories_of_df_conflicts(struct merge_options *o,
+						      struct string_list *entries)
 {
+	/* If there are D/F conflicts, and the paths currently exist
+	 * in the working copy as a file, we want to remove them to
+	 * make room for the corresponding directory.  Such paths will
+	 * later be processed in process_df_entry() at the end.  If
+	 * the corresponding directory ends up being removed by the
+	 * merge, then the file will be reinstated at that time;
+	 * otherwise, if the file is not supposed to be removed by the
+	 * merge, the contents of the file will be placed in another
+	 * unique filename.
+	 *
+	 * NOTE: This function relies on the fact that entries for a
+	 * D/F conflict will appear adjacent in the index, with the
+	 * entries for the file appearing before entries for paths
+	 * below the corresponding directory.
+	 */
+	const char *last_file = NULL;
+	int last_len = 0;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < entries->nr; i++) {
+		const char *path = entries->items[i].string;
+		int len = strlen(path);
+		struct stage_data *e = entries->items[i].util;
+
+		/*
+		 * Check if last_file & path correspond to a D/F conflict;
+		 * i.e. whether path is last_file+'/'+<something>.
+		 * If so, remove last_file to make room for path and friends.
+		 */
+		if (last_file &&
+		    len > last_len &&
+		    memcmp(path, last_file, last_len) == 0 &&
+		    path[last_len] == '/') {
+			output(o, 3, "Removing %s to make room for subdirectory; may re-add later.", last_file);
+			unlink(last_file);
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Determine whether path could exist as a file in the
+		 * working directory as a possible D/F conflict.  This
+		 * will only occur when it exists in stage 2 as a
+		 * file.
+		 */
+		if (S_ISREG(e->stages[2].mode) || S_ISLNK(e->stages[2].mode)) {
+			last_file = path;
+			last_len = len;
+		} else {
+			last_file = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+struct rename {
 	struct diff_filepair *pair;
 	struct stage_data *src_entry;
 	struct stage_data *dst_entry;
@@ -333,14 +416,16 @@
 	opts.detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
 	opts.rename_limit = o->merge_rename_limit >= 0 ? o->merge_rename_limit :
 			    o->diff_rename_limit >= 0 ? o->diff_rename_limit :
-			    500;
+			    1000;
 	opts.rename_score = o->rename_score;
-	opts.warn_on_too_large_rename = 1;
+	opts.show_rename_progress = o->show_rename_progress;
 	opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
 	if (diff_setup_done(&opts) < 0)
 		die("diff setup failed");
 	diff_tree_sha1(o_tree->object.sha1, tree->object.sha1, "", &opts);
 	diffcore_std(&opts);
+	if (opts.needed_rename_limit > o->needed_rename_limit)
+		o->needed_rename_limit = opts.needed_rename_limit;
 	for (i = 0; i < diff_queued_diff.nr; ++i) {
 		struct string_list_item *item;
 		struct rename *re;
@@ -374,11 +459,10 @@
 	return renames;
 }
 
-static int update_stages(const char *path, struct diff_filespec *o,
+static int update_stages_options(const char *path, struct diff_filespec *o,
 			 struct diff_filespec *a, struct diff_filespec *b,
-			 int clear)
+			 int clear, int options)
 {
-	int options = ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD | ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE;
 	if (clear)
 		if (remove_file_from_cache(path))
 			return -1;
@@ -394,6 +478,34 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int update_stages(const char *path, struct diff_filespec *o,
+			 struct diff_filespec *a, struct diff_filespec *b,
+			 int clear)
+{
+	int options = ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD | ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE;
+	return update_stages_options(path, o, a, b, clear, options);
+}
+
+static int update_stages_and_entry(const char *path,
+				   struct stage_data *entry,
+				   struct diff_filespec *o,
+				   struct diff_filespec *a,
+				   struct diff_filespec *b,
+				   int clear)
+{
+	int options;
+
+	entry->processed = 0;
+	entry->stages[1].mode = o->mode;
+	entry->stages[2].mode = a->mode;
+	entry->stages[3].mode = b->mode;
+	hashcpy(entry->stages[1].sha, o->sha1);
+	hashcpy(entry->stages[2].sha, a->sha1);
+	hashcpy(entry->stages[3].sha, b->sha1);
+	options = ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD | ADD_CACHE_SKIP_DFCHECK;
+	return update_stages_options(path, o, a, b, clear, options);
+}
+
 static int remove_file(struct merge_options *o, int clean,
 		       const char *path, int no_wd)
 {
@@ -589,8 +701,7 @@
 
 /* Low level file merging, update and removal */
 
-struct merge_file_info
-{
+struct merge_file_info {
 	unsigned char sha[20];
 	unsigned mode;
 	unsigned clean:1,
@@ -732,29 +843,56 @@
 	return result;
 }
 
-static void conflict_rename_rename(struct merge_options *o,
-				   struct rename *ren1,
-				   const char *branch1,
-				   struct rename *ren2,
-				   const char *branch2)
+static void conflict_rename_delete(struct merge_options *o,
+				   struct diff_filepair *pair,
+				   const char *rename_branch,
+				   const char *other_branch)
 {
+	char *dest_name = pair->two->path;
+	int df_conflict = 0;
+	struct stat st;
+
+	output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (rename/delete): Rename %s->%s in %s "
+	       "and deleted in %s",
+	       pair->one->path, pair->two->path, rename_branch,
+	       other_branch);
+	if (!o->call_depth)
+		update_stages(dest_name, NULL,
+			      rename_branch == o->branch1 ? pair->two : NULL,
+			      rename_branch == o->branch1 ? NULL : pair->two,
+			      1);
+	if (lstat(dest_name, &st) == 0 && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+		dest_name = unique_path(o, dest_name, rename_branch);
+		df_conflict = 1;
+	}
+	update_file(o, 0, pair->two->sha1, pair->two->mode, dest_name);
+	if (df_conflict)
+		free(dest_name);
+}
+
+static void conflict_rename_rename_1to2(struct merge_options *o,
+					struct diff_filepair *pair1,
+					const char *branch1,
+					struct diff_filepair *pair2,
+					const char *branch2)
+{
+	/* One file was renamed in both branches, but to different names. */
 	char *del[2];
 	int delp = 0;
-	const char *ren1_dst = ren1->pair->two->path;
-	const char *ren2_dst = ren2->pair->two->path;
+	const char *ren1_dst = pair1->two->path;
+	const char *ren2_dst = pair2->two->path;
 	const char *dst_name1 = ren1_dst;
 	const char *dst_name2 = ren2_dst;
-	if (string_list_has_string(&o->current_directory_set, ren1_dst)) {
+	struct stat st;
+	if (lstat(ren1_dst, &st) == 0 && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
 		dst_name1 = del[delp++] = unique_path(o, ren1_dst, branch1);
 		output(o, 1, "%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead",
 		       ren1_dst, branch2, dst_name1);
-		remove_file(o, 0, ren1_dst, 0);
 	}
-	if (string_list_has_string(&o->current_directory_set, ren2_dst)) {
+	if (lstat(ren2_dst, &st) == 0 && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
 		dst_name2 = del[delp++] = unique_path(o, ren2_dst, branch2);
 		output(o, 1, "%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead",
 		       ren2_dst, branch1, dst_name2);
-		remove_file(o, 0, ren2_dst, 0);
 	}
 	if (o->call_depth) {
 		remove_file_from_cache(dst_name1);
@@ -762,34 +900,27 @@
 		/*
 		 * Uncomment to leave the conflicting names in the resulting tree
 		 *
-		 * update_file(o, 0, ren1->pair->two->sha1, ren1->pair->two->mode, dst_name1);
-		 * update_file(o, 0, ren2->pair->two->sha1, ren2->pair->two->mode, dst_name2);
+		 * update_file(o, 0, pair1->two->sha1, pair1->two->mode, dst_name1);
+		 * update_file(o, 0, pair2->two->sha1, pair2->two->mode, dst_name2);
 		 */
 	} else {
-		update_stages(dst_name1, NULL, ren1->pair->two, NULL, 1);
-		update_stages(dst_name2, NULL, NULL, ren2->pair->two, 1);
+		update_stages(ren1_dst, NULL, pair1->two, NULL, 1);
+		update_stages(ren2_dst, NULL, NULL, pair2->two, 1);
+
+		update_file(o, 0, pair1->two->sha1, pair1->two->mode, dst_name1);
+		update_file(o, 0, pair2->two->sha1, pair2->two->mode, dst_name2);
 	}
 	while (delp--)
 		free(del[delp]);
 }
 
-static void conflict_rename_dir(struct merge_options *o,
-				struct rename *ren1,
-				const char *branch1)
+static void conflict_rename_rename_2to1(struct merge_options *o,
+					struct rename *ren1,
+					const char *branch1,
+					struct rename *ren2,
+					const char *branch2)
 {
-	char *new_path = unique_path(o, ren1->pair->two->path, branch1);
-	output(o, 1, "Renaming %s to %s instead", ren1->pair->one->path, new_path);
-	remove_file(o, 0, ren1->pair->two->path, 0);
-	update_file(o, 0, ren1->pair->two->sha1, ren1->pair->two->mode, new_path);
-	free(new_path);
-}
-
-static void conflict_rename_rename_2(struct merge_options *o,
-				     struct rename *ren1,
-				     const char *branch1,
-				     struct rename *ren2,
-				     const char *branch2)
-{
+	/* Two files were renamed to the same thing. */
 	char *new_path1 = unique_path(o, ren1->pair->two->path, branch1);
 	char *new_path2 = unique_path(o, ren2->pair->two->path, branch2);
 	output(o, 1, "Renaming %s to %s and %s to %s instead",
@@ -823,7 +954,6 @@
 	}
 
 	for (i = 0, j = 0; i < a_renames->nr || j < b_renames->nr;) {
-		char *src;
 		struct string_list *renames1, *renames2Dst;
 		struct rename *ren1 = NULL, *ren2 = NULL;
 		const char *branch1, *branch2;
@@ -858,7 +988,6 @@
 			ren2 = ren1;
 			ren1 = tmp;
 		}
-		src = ren1->pair->one->path;
 
 		ren1->dst_entry->processed = 1;
 		ren1->src_entry->processed = 1;
@@ -879,84 +1008,60 @@
 			ren2->dst_entry->processed = 1;
 			ren2->processed = 1;
 			if (strcmp(ren1_dst, ren2_dst) != 0) {
-				clean_merge = 0;
-				output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (rename/rename): "
-				       "Rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in branch \"%s\" "
-				       "rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in \"%s\"%s",
-				       src, ren1_dst, branch1,
-				       src, ren2_dst, branch2,
-				       o->call_depth ? " (left unresolved)": "");
-				if (o->call_depth) {
-					remove_file_from_cache(src);
-					update_file(o, 0, ren1->pair->one->sha1,
-						    ren1->pair->one->mode, src);
-				}
-				conflict_rename_rename(o, ren1, branch1, ren2, branch2);
+				setup_rename_df_conflict_info(RENAME_ONE_FILE_TO_TWO,
+							      ren1->pair,
+							      ren2->pair,
+							      branch1,
+							      branch2,
+							      ren1->dst_entry,
+							      ren2->dst_entry);
 			} else {
-				struct merge_file_info mfi;
 				remove_file(o, 1, ren1_src, 1);
-				mfi = merge_file(o,
-						 ren1->pair->one,
-						 ren1->pair->two,
-						 ren2->pair->two,
-						 branch1,
-						 branch2);
-				if (mfi.merge || !mfi.clean)
-					output(o, 1, "Renaming %s->%s", src, ren1_dst);
-
-				if (mfi.merge)
-					output(o, 2, "Auto-merging %s", ren1_dst);
-
-				if (!mfi.clean) {
-					output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (content): merge conflict in %s",
-					       ren1_dst);
-					clean_merge = 0;
-
-					if (!o->call_depth)
-						update_stages(ren1_dst,
-							      ren1->pair->one,
-							      ren1->pair->two,
-							      ren2->pair->two,
-							      1 /* clear */);
-				}
-				update_file(o, mfi.clean, mfi.sha, mfi.mode, ren1_dst);
+				update_stages_and_entry(ren1_dst,
+							ren1->dst_entry,
+							ren1->pair->one,
+							ren1->pair->two,
+							ren2->pair->two,
+							1 /* clear */);
 			}
 		} else {
 			/* Renamed in 1, maybe changed in 2 */
 			struct string_list_item *item;
 			/* we only use sha1 and mode of these */
 			struct diff_filespec src_other, dst_other;
-			int try_merge, stage = a_renames == renames1 ? 3: 2;
+			int try_merge;
 
-			remove_file(o, 1, ren1_src, o->call_depth || stage == 3);
+			/*
+			 * unpack_trees loads entries from common-commit
+			 * into stage 1, from head-commit into stage 2, and
+			 * from merge-commit into stage 3.  We keep track
+			 * of which side corresponds to the rename.
+			 */
+			int renamed_stage = a_renames == renames1 ? 2 : 3;
+			int other_stage =   a_renames == renames1 ? 3 : 2;
 
-			hashcpy(src_other.sha1, ren1->src_entry->stages[stage].sha);
-			src_other.mode = ren1->src_entry->stages[stage].mode;
-			hashcpy(dst_other.sha1, ren1->dst_entry->stages[stage].sha);
-			dst_other.mode = ren1->dst_entry->stages[stage].mode;
+			remove_file(o, 1, ren1_src, o->call_depth || renamed_stage == 2);
 
+			hashcpy(src_other.sha1, ren1->src_entry->stages[other_stage].sha);
+			src_other.mode = ren1->src_entry->stages[other_stage].mode;
+			hashcpy(dst_other.sha1, ren1->dst_entry->stages[other_stage].sha);
+			dst_other.mode = ren1->dst_entry->stages[other_stage].mode;
 			try_merge = 0;
 
-			if (string_list_has_string(&o->current_directory_set, ren1_dst)) {
-				clean_merge = 0;
-				output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (rename/directory): Rename %s->%s in %s "
-				       " directory %s added in %s",
-				       ren1_src, ren1_dst, branch1,
-				       ren1_dst, branch2);
-				conflict_rename_dir(o, ren1, branch1);
-			} else if (sha_eq(src_other.sha1, null_sha1)) {
-				clean_merge = 0;
-				output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (rename/delete): Rename %s->%s in %s "
-				       "and deleted in %s",
-				       ren1_src, ren1_dst, branch1,
-				       branch2);
-				update_file(o, 0, ren1->pair->two->sha1, ren1->pair->two->mode, ren1_dst);
-				if (!o->call_depth)
-					update_stages(ren1_dst, NULL,
-							branch1 == o->branch1 ?
-							ren1->pair->two : NULL,
-							branch1 == o->branch1 ?
-							NULL : ren1->pair->two, 1);
+			if (sha_eq(src_other.sha1, null_sha1)) {
+				if (string_list_has_string(&o->current_directory_set, ren1_dst)) {
+					ren1->dst_entry->processed = 0;
+					setup_rename_df_conflict_info(RENAME_DELETE,
+								      ren1->pair,
+								      NULL,
+								      branch1,
+								      branch2,
+								      ren1->dst_entry,
+								      NULL);
+				} else {
+					clean_merge = 0;
+					conflict_rename_delete(o, ren1->pair, branch1, branch2);
+				}
 			} else if ((dst_other.mode == ren1->pair->two->mode) &&
 				   sha_eq(dst_other.sha1, ren1->pair->two->sha1)) {
 				/* Added file on the other side
@@ -991,6 +1096,7 @@
 						    mfi.sha,
 						    mfi.mode,
 						    ren1_dst);
+					try_merge = 0;
 				} else {
 					new_path = unique_path(o, ren1_dst, branch2);
 					output(o, 1, "Adding as %s instead", new_path);
@@ -1005,13 +1111,12 @@
 				       "Rename %s->%s in %s",
 				       ren1_src, ren1_dst, branch1,
 				       ren2->pair->one->path, ren2->pair->two->path, branch2);
-				conflict_rename_rename_2(o, ren1, branch1, ren2, branch2);
+				conflict_rename_rename_2to1(o, ren1, branch1, ren2, branch2);
 			} else
 				try_merge = 1;
 
 			if (try_merge) {
 				struct diff_filespec *one, *a, *b;
-				struct merge_file_info mfi;
 				src_other.path = (char *)ren1_src;
 
 				one = ren1->pair->one;
@@ -1022,41 +1127,15 @@
 					b = ren1->pair->two;
 					a = &src_other;
 				}
-				mfi = merge_file(o, one, a, b,
-						o->branch1, o->branch2);
-
-				if (mfi.clean &&
-				    sha_eq(mfi.sha, ren1->pair->two->sha1) &&
-				    mfi.mode == ren1->pair->two->mode) {
-					/*
-					 * This message is part of
-					 * t6022 test. If you change
-					 * it update the test too.
-					 */
-					output(o, 3, "Skipped %s (merged same as existing)", ren1_dst);
-
-					/* There may be higher stage entries left
-					 * in the index (e.g. due to a D/F
-					 * conflict) that need to be resolved.
-					 */
-					if (!ren1->dst_entry->stages[2].mode !=
-					    !ren1->dst_entry->stages[3].mode)
-						ren1->dst_entry->processed = 0;
-				} else {
-					if (mfi.merge || !mfi.clean)
-						output(o, 1, "Renaming %s => %s", ren1_src, ren1_dst);
-					if (mfi.merge)
-						output(o, 2, "Auto-merging %s", ren1_dst);
-					if (!mfi.clean) {
-						output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (rename/modify): Merge conflict in %s",
-						       ren1_dst);
-						clean_merge = 0;
-
-						if (!o->call_depth)
-							update_stages(ren1_dst,
-								      one, a, b, 1);
-					}
-					update_file(o, mfi.clean, mfi.sha, mfi.mode, ren1_dst);
+				update_stages_and_entry(ren1_dst, ren1->dst_entry, one, a, b, 1);
+				if (string_list_has_string(&o->current_directory_set, ren1_dst)) {
+					setup_rename_df_conflict_info(RENAME_NORMAL,
+								      ren1->pair,
+								      NULL,
+								      branch1,
+								      NULL,
+								      ren1->dst_entry,
+								      NULL);
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -1119,6 +1198,90 @@
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static void handle_delete_modify(struct merge_options *o,
+				 const char *path,
+				 const char *new_path,
+				 unsigned char *a_sha, int a_mode,
+				 unsigned char *b_sha, int b_mode)
+{
+	if (!a_sha) {
+		output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (delete/modify): %s deleted in %s "
+		       "and modified in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree%s%s.",
+		       path, o->branch1,
+		       o->branch2, o->branch2, path,
+		       path == new_path ? "" : " at ",
+		       path == new_path ? "" : new_path);
+		update_file(o, 0, b_sha, b_mode, new_path);
+	} else {
+		output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (delete/modify): %s deleted in %s "
+		       "and modified in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree%s%s.",
+		       path, o->branch2,
+		       o->branch1, o->branch1, path,
+		       path == new_path ? "" : " at ",
+		       path == new_path ? "" : new_path);
+		update_file(o, 0, a_sha, a_mode, new_path);
+	}
+}
+
+static int merge_content(struct merge_options *o,
+			 const char *path,
+			 unsigned char *o_sha, int o_mode,
+			 unsigned char *a_sha, int a_mode,
+			 unsigned char *b_sha, int b_mode,
+			 const char *df_rename_conflict_branch)
+{
+	const char *reason = "content";
+	struct merge_file_info mfi;
+	struct diff_filespec one, a, b;
+	struct stat st;
+	unsigned df_conflict_remains = 0;
+
+	if (!o_sha) {
+		reason = "add/add";
+		o_sha = (unsigned char *)null_sha1;
+	}
+	one.path = a.path = b.path = (char *)path;
+	hashcpy(one.sha1, o_sha);
+	one.mode = o_mode;
+	hashcpy(a.sha1, a_sha);
+	a.mode = a_mode;
+	hashcpy(b.sha1, b_sha);
+	b.mode = b_mode;
+
+	mfi = merge_file(o, &one, &a, &b, o->branch1, o->branch2);
+	if (df_rename_conflict_branch &&
+	    lstat(path, &st) == 0 && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+		df_conflict_remains = 1;
+	}
+
+	if (mfi.clean && !df_conflict_remains &&
+	    sha_eq(mfi.sha, a_sha) && mfi.mode == a.mode)
+		output(o, 3, "Skipped %s (merged same as existing)", path);
+	else
+		output(o, 2, "Auto-merging %s", path);
+
+	if (!mfi.clean) {
+		if (S_ISGITLINK(mfi.mode))
+			reason = "submodule";
+		output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s",
+				reason, path);
+	}
+
+	if (df_conflict_remains) {
+		const char *new_path;
+		update_file_flags(o, mfi.sha, mfi.mode, path,
+				  o->call_depth || mfi.clean, 0);
+		new_path = unique_path(o, path, df_rename_conflict_branch);
+		mfi.clean = 0;
+		output(o, 1, "Adding as %s instead", new_path);
+		update_file_flags(o, mfi.sha, mfi.mode, new_path, 0, 1);
+	} else {
+		update_file(o, mfi.clean, mfi.sha, mfi.mode, path);
+	}
+	return mfi.clean;
+
+}
+
 /* Per entry merge function */
 static int process_entry(struct merge_options *o,
 			 const char *path, struct stage_data *entry)
@@ -1136,6 +1299,9 @@
 	unsigned char *a_sha = stage_sha(entry->stages[2].sha, a_mode);
 	unsigned char *b_sha = stage_sha(entry->stages[3].sha, b_mode);
 
+	if (entry->rename_df_conflict_info)
+		return 1; /* Such cases are handled elsewhere. */
+
 	entry->processed = 1;
 	if (o_sha && (!a_sha || !b_sha)) {
 		/* Case A: Deleted in one */
@@ -1148,22 +1314,15 @@
 				output(o, 2, "Removing %s", path);
 			/* do not touch working file if it did not exist */
 			remove_file(o, 1, path, !a_sha);
+		} else if (string_list_has_string(&o->current_directory_set,
+						  path)) {
+			entry->processed = 0;
+			return 1; /* Assume clean until processed */
 		} else {
 			/* Deleted in one and changed in the other */
 			clean_merge = 0;
-			if (!a_sha) {
-				output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (delete/modify): %s deleted in %s "
-				       "and modified in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree.",
-				       path, o->branch1,
-				       o->branch2, o->branch2, path);
-				update_file(o, 0, b_sha, b_mode, path);
-			} else {
-				output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (delete/modify): %s deleted in %s "
-				       "and modified in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree.",
-				       path, o->branch2,
-				       o->branch1, o->branch1, path);
-				update_file(o, 0, a_sha, a_mode, path);
-			}
+			handle_delete_modify(o, path, path,
+					     a_sha, a_mode, b_sha, b_mode);
 		}
 
 	} else if ((!o_sha && a_sha && !b_sha) ||
@@ -1182,15 +1341,7 @@
 		if (string_list_has_string(&o->current_directory_set, path)) {
 			/* Handle D->F conflicts after all subfiles */
 			entry->processed = 0;
-			/* But get any file out of the way now, so conflicted
-			 * entries below the directory of the same name can
-			 * be put in the working directory.
-			 */
-			if (a_sha)
-				output(o, 2, "Removing %s", path);
-			/* do not touch working file if it did not exist */
-			remove_file(o, 0, path, !a_sha);
-			return 1; /* Assume clean till processed */
+			return 1; /* Assume clean until processed */
 		} else {
 			output(o, 2, "Adding %s", path);
 			update_file(o, 1, sha, mode, path);
@@ -1198,34 +1349,9 @@
 	} else if (a_sha && b_sha) {
 		/* Case C: Added in both (check for same permissions) and */
 		/* case D: Modified in both, but differently. */
-		const char *reason = "content";
-		struct merge_file_info mfi;
-		struct diff_filespec one, a, b;
-
-		if (!o_sha) {
-			reason = "add/add";
-			o_sha = (unsigned char *)null_sha1;
-		}
-		output(o, 2, "Auto-merging %s", path);
-		one.path = a.path = b.path = (char *)path;
-		hashcpy(one.sha1, o_sha);
-		one.mode = o_mode;
-		hashcpy(a.sha1, a_sha);
-		a.mode = a_mode;
-		hashcpy(b.sha1, b_sha);
-		b.mode = b_mode;
-
-		mfi = merge_file(o, &one, &a, &b,
-				 o->branch1, o->branch2);
-
-		clean_merge = mfi.clean;
-		if (!mfi.clean) {
-			if (S_ISGITLINK(mfi.mode))
-				reason = "submodule";
-			output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s",
-					reason, path);
-		}
-		update_file(o, mfi.clean, mfi.sha, mfi.mode, path);
+		clean_merge = merge_content(o, path,
+					    o_sha, o_mode, a_sha, a_mode, b_sha, b_mode,
+					    NULL);
 	} else if (!o_sha && !a_sha && !b_sha) {
 		/*
 		 * this entry was deleted altogether. a_mode == 0 means
@@ -1239,13 +1365,19 @@
 }
 
 /*
- * Per entry merge function for D/F conflicts, to be called only after
- * all files below dir have been processed.  We do this because in the
- * cases we can cleanly resolve D/F conflicts, process_entry() can clean
- * out all the files below the directory for us.
+ * Per entry merge function for D/F (and/or rename) conflicts.  In the
+ * cases we can cleanly resolve D/F conflicts, process_entry() can
+ * clean out all the files below the directory for us.  All D/F
+ * conflict cases must be handled here at the end to make sure any
+ * directories that can be cleaned out, are.
+ *
+ * Some rename conflicts may also be handled here that don't necessarily
+ * involve D/F conflicts, since the code to handle them is generic enough
+ * to handle those rename conflicts with or without D/F conflicts also
+ * being involved.
  */
 static int process_df_entry(struct merge_options *o,
-			 const char *path, struct stage_data *entry)
+			    const char *path, struct stage_data *entry)
 {
 	int clean_merge = 1;
 	unsigned o_mode = entry->stages[1].mode;
@@ -1254,43 +1386,91 @@
 	unsigned char *o_sha = stage_sha(entry->stages[1].sha, o_mode);
 	unsigned char *a_sha = stage_sha(entry->stages[2].sha, a_mode);
 	unsigned char *b_sha = stage_sha(entry->stages[3].sha, b_mode);
-	const char *add_branch;
-	const char *other_branch;
-	unsigned mode;
-	const unsigned char *sha;
-	const char *conf;
 	struct stat st;
 
-	/* We currently only handle D->F cases */
-	assert((!o_sha && a_sha && !b_sha) ||
-	       (!o_sha && !a_sha && b_sha));
-
 	entry->processed = 1;
-
-	if (a_sha) {
-		add_branch = o->branch1;
-		other_branch = o->branch2;
-		mode = a_mode;
-		sha = a_sha;
-		conf = "file/directory";
-	} else {
-		add_branch = o->branch2;
-		other_branch = o->branch1;
-		mode = b_mode;
-		sha = b_sha;
-		conf = "directory/file";
-	}
-	if (lstat(path, &st) == 0 && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
-		const char *new_path = unique_path(o, path, add_branch);
+	if (entry->rename_df_conflict_info) {
+		struct rename_df_conflict_info *conflict_info = entry->rename_df_conflict_info;
+		char *src;
+		switch (conflict_info->rename_type) {
+		case RENAME_NORMAL:
+			clean_merge = merge_content(o, path,
+						    o_sha, o_mode, a_sha, a_mode, b_sha, b_mode,
+						    conflict_info->branch1);
+			break;
+		case RENAME_DELETE:
+			clean_merge = 0;
+			conflict_rename_delete(o, conflict_info->pair1,
+					       conflict_info->branch1,
+					       conflict_info->branch2);
+			break;
+		case RENAME_ONE_FILE_TO_TWO:
+			src = conflict_info->pair1->one->path;
+			clean_merge = 0;
+			output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (rename/rename): "
+			       "Rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in branch \"%s\" "
+			       "rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in \"%s\"%s",
+			       src, conflict_info->pair1->two->path, conflict_info->branch1,
+			       src, conflict_info->pair2->two->path, conflict_info->branch2,
+			       o->call_depth ? " (left unresolved)" : "");
+			if (o->call_depth) {
+				remove_file_from_cache(src);
+				update_file(o, 0, conflict_info->pair1->one->sha1,
+					    conflict_info->pair1->one->mode, src);
+			}
+			conflict_rename_rename_1to2(o, conflict_info->pair1,
+						    conflict_info->branch1,
+						    conflict_info->pair2,
+						    conflict_info->branch2);
+			conflict_info->dst_entry2->processed = 1;
+			break;
+		default:
+			entry->processed = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+	} else if (o_sha && (!a_sha || !b_sha)) {
+		/* Modify/delete; deleted side may have put a directory in the way */
+		const char *new_path = path;
+		if (lstat(path, &st) == 0 && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
+			new_path = unique_path(o, path, a_sha ? o->branch1 : o->branch2);
 		clean_merge = 0;
-		output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. "
-		       "Adding %s as %s",
-		       conf, path, other_branch, path, new_path);
-		remove_file(o, 0, path, 0);
-		update_file(o, 0, sha, mode, new_path);
+		handle_delete_modify(o, path, new_path,
+				     a_sha, a_mode, b_sha, b_mode);
+	} else if (!o_sha && !!a_sha != !!b_sha) {
+		/* directory -> (directory, file) */
+		const char *add_branch;
+		const char *other_branch;
+		unsigned mode;
+		const unsigned char *sha;
+		const char *conf;
+
+		if (a_sha) {
+			add_branch = o->branch1;
+			other_branch = o->branch2;
+			mode = a_mode;
+			sha = a_sha;
+			conf = "file/directory";
+		} else {
+			add_branch = o->branch2;
+			other_branch = o->branch1;
+			mode = b_mode;
+			sha = b_sha;
+			conf = "directory/file";
+		}
+		if (lstat(path, &st) == 0 && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+			const char *new_path = unique_path(o, path, add_branch);
+			clean_merge = 0;
+			output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. "
+			       "Adding %s as %s",
+			       conf, path, other_branch, path, new_path);
+			update_file(o, 0, sha, mode, new_path);
+		} else {
+			output(o, 2, "Adding %s", path);
+			update_file(o, 1, sha, mode, path);
+		}
 	} else {
-		output(o, 2, "Adding %s", path);
-		update_file(o, 1, sha, mode, path);
+		entry->processed = 0;
+		return 1; /* not handled; assume clean until processed */
 	}
 
 	return clean_merge;
@@ -1335,6 +1515,7 @@
 		get_files_dirs(o, merge);
 
 		entries = get_unmerged();
+		make_room_for_directories_of_df_conflicts(o, entries);
 		re_head  = get_renames(o, head, common, head, merge, entries);
 		re_merge = get_renames(o, merge, common, head, merge, entries);
 		clean = process_renames(o, re_head, re_merge);
@@ -1352,6 +1533,12 @@
 				&& !process_df_entry(o, path, e))
 				clean = 0;
 		}
+		for (i = 0; i < entries->nr; i++) {
+			struct stage_data *e = entries->items[i].util;
+			if (!e->processed)
+				die("Unprocessed path??? %s",
+				    entries->items[i].string);
+		}
 
 		string_list_clear(re_merge, 0);
 		string_list_clear(re_head, 0);
@@ -1460,6 +1647,9 @@
 		commit_list_insert(h2, &(*result)->parents->next);
 	}
 	flush_output(o);
+	if (show(o, 2))
+		diff_warn_rename_limit("merge.renamelimit",
+				       o->needed_rename_limit, 0);
 	return clean;
 }
 
@@ -1517,15 +1707,15 @@
 static int merge_recursive_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	struct merge_options *o = cb;
-	if (!strcasecmp(var, "merge.verbosity")) {
+	if (!strcmp(var, "merge.verbosity")) {
 		o->verbosity = git_config_int(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if (!strcasecmp(var, "diff.renamelimit")) {
+	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.renamelimit")) {
 		o->diff_rename_limit = git_config_int(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if (!strcasecmp(var, "merge.renamelimit")) {
+	if (!strcmp(var, "merge.renamelimit")) {
 		o->merge_rename_limit = git_config_int(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
diff --git a/merge-recursive.h b/merge-recursive.h
index c8135b0..7e1e972 100644
--- a/merge-recursive.h
+++ b/merge-recursive.h
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
 	int diff_rename_limit;
 	int merge_rename_limit;
 	int rename_score;
+	int needed_rename_limit;
+	int show_rename_progress;
 	int call_depth;
 	struct strbuf obuf;
 	struct string_list current_file_set;
@@ -57,6 +59,8 @@
 int parse_merge_opt(struct merge_options *out, const char *s);
 
 /* builtin/merge.c */
-int try_merge_command(const char *strategy, struct commit_list *common, const char *head_arg, struct commit_list *remotes);
+int try_merge_command(const char *strategy, size_t xopts_nr,
+		const char **xopts, struct commit_list *common,
+		const char *head_arg, struct commit_list *remotes);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/name-hash.c b/name-hash.c
index 0031d78..c6b6a3f 100644
--- a/name-hash.c
+++ b/name-hash.c
@@ -32,6 +32,42 @@
 	return hash;
 }
 
+static void hash_index_entry_directories(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Throw each directory component in the hash for quick lookup
+	 * during a git status. Directory components are stored with their
+	 * closing slash.  Despite submodules being a directory, they never
+	 * reach this point, because they are stored without a closing slash
+	 * in the cache.
+	 *
+	 * Note that the cache_entry stored with the directory does not
+	 * represent the directory itself.  It is a pointer to an existing
+	 * filename, and its only purpose is to represent existence of the
+	 * directory in the cache.  It is very possible multiple directory
+	 * hash entries may point to the same cache_entry.
+	 */
+	unsigned int hash;
+	void **pos;
+
+	const char *ptr = ce->name;
+	while (*ptr) {
+		while (*ptr && *ptr != '/')
+			++ptr;
+		if (*ptr == '/') {
+			++ptr;
+			hash = hash_name(ce->name, ptr - ce->name);
+			if (!lookup_hash(hash, &istate->name_hash)) {
+				pos = insert_hash(hash, ce, &istate->name_hash);
+				if (pos) {
+					ce->next = *pos;
+					*pos = ce;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 static void hash_index_entry(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_entry *ce)
 {
 	void **pos;
@@ -47,6 +83,9 @@
 		ce->next = *pos;
 		*pos = ce;
 	}
+
+	if (ignore_case)
+		hash_index_entry_directories(istate, ce);
 }
 
 static void lazy_init_name_hash(struct index_state *istate)
@@ -97,7 +136,21 @@
 	if (len == namelen && !cache_name_compare(name, namelen, ce->name, len))
 		return 1;
 
-	return icase && slow_same_name(name, namelen, ce->name, len);
+	if (!icase)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * If the entry we're comparing is a filename (no trailing slash), then compare
+	 * the lengths exactly.
+	 */
+	if (name[namelen - 1] != '/')
+		return slow_same_name(name, namelen, ce->name, len);
+
+	/*
+	 * For a directory, we point to an arbitrary cache_entry filename.  Just
+	 * make sure the directory portion matches.
+	 */
+	return slow_same_name(name, namelen, ce->name, namelen < len ? namelen : len);
 }
 
 struct cache_entry *index_name_exists(struct index_state *istate, const char *name, int namelen, int icase)
@@ -115,5 +168,22 @@
 		}
 		ce = ce->next;
 	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Might be a submodule.  Despite submodules being directories,
+	 * they are stored in the name hash without a closing slash.
+	 * When ignore_case is 1, directories are stored in the name hash
+	 * with their closing slash.
+	 *
+	 * The side effect of this storage technique is we have need to
+	 * remove the slash from name and perform the lookup again without
+	 * the slash.  If a match is made, S_ISGITLINK(ce->mode) will be
+	 * true.
+	 */
+	if (icase && name[namelen - 1] == '/') {
+		ce = index_name_exists(istate, name, namelen - 1, icase);
+		if (ce && S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
+			return ce;
+	}
 	return NULL;
 }
diff --git a/notes-cache.c b/notes-cache.c
index dee6d62..4c8984e 100644
--- a/notes-cache.c
+++ b/notes-cache.c
@@ -89,6 +89,5 @@
 
 	if (write_sha1_file(data, size, "blob", value_sha1) < 0)
 		return -1;
-	add_note(&c->tree, key_sha1, value_sha1, NULL);
-	return 0;
+	return add_note(&c->tree, key_sha1, value_sha1, NULL);
 }
diff --git a/notes-merge.c b/notes-merge.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..28046a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/notes-merge.c
@@ -0,0 +1,737 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "diffcore.h"
+#include "xdiff-interface.h"
+#include "ll-merge.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "notes.h"
+#include "notes-merge.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+
+struct notes_merge_pair {
+	unsigned char obj[20], base[20], local[20], remote[20];
+};
+
+void init_notes_merge_options(struct notes_merge_options *o)
+{
+	memset(o, 0, sizeof(struct notes_merge_options));
+	strbuf_init(&(o->commit_msg), 0);
+	o->verbosity = NOTES_MERGE_VERBOSITY_DEFAULT;
+}
+
+#define OUTPUT(o, v, ...) \
+	do { \
+		if ((o)->verbosity >= (v)) { \
+			printf(__VA_ARGS__); \
+			puts(""); \
+		} \
+	} while (0)
+
+static int path_to_sha1(const char *path, unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	char hex_sha1[40];
+	int i = 0;
+	while (*path && i < 40) {
+		if (*path != '/')
+			hex_sha1[i++] = *path;
+		path++;
+	}
+	if (*path || i != 40)
+		return -1;
+	return get_sha1_hex(hex_sha1, sha1);
+}
+
+static int verify_notes_filepair(struct diff_filepair *p, unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	switch (p->status) {
+	case DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED:
+		assert(p->one->mode == p->two->mode);
+		assert(!is_null_sha1(p->one->sha1));
+		assert(!is_null_sha1(p->two->sha1));
+		break;
+	case DIFF_STATUS_ADDED:
+		assert(is_null_sha1(p->one->sha1));
+		break;
+	case DIFF_STATUS_DELETED:
+		assert(is_null_sha1(p->two->sha1));
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -1;
+	}
+	assert(!strcmp(p->one->path, p->two->path));
+	return path_to_sha1(p->one->path, sha1);
+}
+
+static struct notes_merge_pair *find_notes_merge_pair_pos(
+		struct notes_merge_pair *list, int len, unsigned char *obj,
+		int insert_new, int *occupied)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Both diff_tree_remote() and diff_tree_local() tend to process
+	 * merge_pairs in ascending order. Therefore, cache last returned
+	 * index, and search sequentially from there until the appropriate
+	 * position is found.
+	 *
+	 * Since inserts only happen from diff_tree_remote() (which mainly
+	 * _appends_), we don't care that inserting into the middle of the
+	 * list is expensive (using memmove()).
+	 */
+	static int last_index;
+	int i = last_index < len ? last_index : len - 1;
+	int prev_cmp = 0, cmp = -1;
+	while (i >= 0 && i < len) {
+		cmp = hashcmp(obj, list[i].obj);
+		if (!cmp) /* obj belongs @ i */
+			break;
+		else if (cmp < 0 && prev_cmp <= 0) /* obj belongs < i */
+			i--;
+		else if (cmp < 0) /* obj belongs between i-1 and i */
+			break;
+		else if (cmp > 0 && prev_cmp >= 0) /* obj belongs > i */
+			i++;
+		else /* if (cmp > 0) */ { /* obj belongs between i and i+1 */
+			i++;
+			break;
+		}
+		prev_cmp = cmp;
+	}
+	if (i < 0)
+		i = 0;
+	/* obj belongs at, or immediately preceding, index i (0 <= i <= len) */
+
+	if (!cmp)
+		*occupied = 1;
+	else {
+		*occupied = 0;
+		if (insert_new && i < len) {
+			memmove(list + i + 1, list + i,
+				(len - i) * sizeof(struct notes_merge_pair));
+			memset(list + i, 0, sizeof(struct notes_merge_pair));
+		}
+	}
+	last_index = i;
+	return list + i;
+}
+
+static unsigned char uninitialized[20] =
+	"\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff" \
+	"\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff";
+
+static struct notes_merge_pair *diff_tree_remote(struct notes_merge_options *o,
+						 const unsigned char *base,
+						 const unsigned char *remote,
+						 int *num_changes)
+{
+	struct diff_options opt;
+	struct notes_merge_pair *changes;
+	int i, len = 0;
+
+	trace_printf("\tdiff_tree_remote(base = %.7s, remote = %.7s)\n",
+	       sha1_to_hex(base), sha1_to_hex(remote));
+
+	diff_setup(&opt);
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&opt, RECURSIVE);
+	opt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
+	if (diff_setup_done(&opt) < 0)
+		die("diff_setup_done failed");
+	diff_tree_sha1(base, remote, "", &opt);
+	diffcore_std(&opt);
+
+	changes = xcalloc(diff_queued_diff.nr, sizeof(struct notes_merge_pair));
+
+	for (i = 0; i < diff_queued_diff.nr; i++) {
+		struct diff_filepair *p = diff_queued_diff.queue[i];
+		struct notes_merge_pair *mp;
+		int occupied;
+		unsigned char obj[20];
+
+		if (verify_notes_filepair(p, obj)) {
+			trace_printf("\t\tCannot merge entry '%s' (%c): "
+			       "%.7s -> %.7s. Skipping!\n", p->one->path,
+			       p->status, sha1_to_hex(p->one->sha1),
+			       sha1_to_hex(p->two->sha1));
+			continue;
+		}
+		mp = find_notes_merge_pair_pos(changes, len, obj, 1, &occupied);
+		if (occupied) {
+			/* We've found an addition/deletion pair */
+			assert(!hashcmp(mp->obj, obj));
+			if (is_null_sha1(p->one->sha1)) { /* addition */
+				assert(is_null_sha1(mp->remote));
+				hashcpy(mp->remote, p->two->sha1);
+			} else if (is_null_sha1(p->two->sha1)) { /* deletion */
+				assert(is_null_sha1(mp->base));
+				hashcpy(mp->base, p->one->sha1);
+			} else
+				assert(!"Invalid existing change recorded");
+		} else {
+			hashcpy(mp->obj, obj);
+			hashcpy(mp->base, p->one->sha1);
+			hashcpy(mp->local, uninitialized);
+			hashcpy(mp->remote, p->two->sha1);
+			len++;
+		}
+		trace_printf("\t\tStored remote change for %s: %.7s -> %.7s\n",
+		       sha1_to_hex(mp->obj), sha1_to_hex(mp->base),
+		       sha1_to_hex(mp->remote));
+	}
+	diff_flush(&opt);
+	diff_tree_release_paths(&opt);
+
+	*num_changes = len;
+	return changes;
+}
+
+static void diff_tree_local(struct notes_merge_options *o,
+			    struct notes_merge_pair *changes, int len,
+			    const unsigned char *base,
+			    const unsigned char *local)
+{
+	struct diff_options opt;
+	int i;
+
+	trace_printf("\tdiff_tree_local(len = %i, base = %.7s, local = %.7s)\n",
+	       len, sha1_to_hex(base), sha1_to_hex(local));
+
+	diff_setup(&opt);
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&opt, RECURSIVE);
+	opt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
+	if (diff_setup_done(&opt) < 0)
+		die("diff_setup_done failed");
+	diff_tree_sha1(base, local, "", &opt);
+	diffcore_std(&opt);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < diff_queued_diff.nr; i++) {
+		struct diff_filepair *p = diff_queued_diff.queue[i];
+		struct notes_merge_pair *mp;
+		int match;
+		unsigned char obj[20];
+
+		if (verify_notes_filepair(p, obj)) {
+			trace_printf("\t\tCannot merge entry '%s' (%c): "
+			       "%.7s -> %.7s. Skipping!\n", p->one->path,
+			       p->status, sha1_to_hex(p->one->sha1),
+			       sha1_to_hex(p->two->sha1));
+			continue;
+		}
+		mp = find_notes_merge_pair_pos(changes, len, obj, 0, &match);
+		if (!match) {
+			trace_printf("\t\tIgnoring local-only change for %s: "
+			       "%.7s -> %.7s\n", sha1_to_hex(obj),
+			       sha1_to_hex(p->one->sha1),
+			       sha1_to_hex(p->two->sha1));
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		assert(!hashcmp(mp->obj, obj));
+		if (is_null_sha1(p->two->sha1)) { /* deletion */
+			/*
+			 * Either this is a true deletion (1), or it is part
+			 * of an A/D pair (2), or D/A pair (3):
+			 *
+			 * (1) mp->local is uninitialized; set it to null_sha1
+			 * (2) mp->local is not uninitialized; don't touch it
+			 * (3) mp->local is uninitialized; set it to null_sha1
+			 *     (will be overwritten by following addition)
+			 */
+			if (!hashcmp(mp->local, uninitialized))
+				hashclr(mp->local);
+		} else if (is_null_sha1(p->one->sha1)) { /* addition */
+			/*
+			 * Either this is a true addition (1), or it is part
+			 * of an A/D pair (2), or D/A pair (3):
+			 *
+			 * (1) mp->local is uninitialized; set to p->two->sha1
+			 * (2) mp->local is uninitialized; set to p->two->sha1
+			 * (3) mp->local is null_sha1;     set to p->two->sha1
+			 */
+			assert(is_null_sha1(mp->local) ||
+			       !hashcmp(mp->local, uninitialized));
+			hashcpy(mp->local, p->two->sha1);
+		} else { /* modification */
+			/*
+			 * This is a true modification. p->one->sha1 shall
+			 * match mp->base, and mp->local shall be uninitialized.
+			 * Set mp->local to p->two->sha1.
+			 */
+			assert(!hashcmp(p->one->sha1, mp->base));
+			assert(!hashcmp(mp->local, uninitialized));
+			hashcpy(mp->local, p->two->sha1);
+		}
+		trace_printf("\t\tStored local change for %s: %.7s -> %.7s\n",
+		       sha1_to_hex(mp->obj), sha1_to_hex(mp->base),
+		       sha1_to_hex(mp->local));
+	}
+	diff_flush(&opt);
+	diff_tree_release_paths(&opt);
+}
+
+static void check_notes_merge_worktree(struct notes_merge_options *o)
+{
+	if (!o->has_worktree) {
+		/*
+		 * Must establish NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE.
+		 * Abort if NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE already exists
+		 */
+		if (file_exists(git_path(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE))) {
+			if (advice_resolve_conflict)
+				die("You have not concluded your previous "
+				    "notes merge (%s exists).\nPlease, use "
+				    "'git notes merge --commit' or 'git notes "
+				    "merge --abort' to commit/abort the "
+				    "previous merge before you start a new "
+				    "notes merge.", git_path("NOTES_MERGE_*"));
+			else
+				die("You have not concluded your notes merge "
+				    "(%s exists).", git_path("NOTES_MERGE_*"));
+		}
+
+		if (safe_create_leading_directories(git_path(
+				NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE "/.test")))
+			die_errno("unable to create directory %s",
+				  git_path(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE));
+		o->has_worktree = 1;
+	} else if (!file_exists(git_path(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE)))
+		/* NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE should already be established */
+		die("missing '%s'. This should not happen",
+		    git_path(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE));
+}
+
+static void write_buf_to_worktree(const unsigned char *obj,
+				  const char *buf, unsigned long size)
+{
+	int fd;
+	char *path = git_path(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE "/%s", sha1_to_hex(obj));
+	if (safe_create_leading_directories(path))
+		die_errno("unable to create directory for '%s'", path);
+	if (file_exists(path))
+		die("found existing file at '%s'", path);
+
+	fd = open(path, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC | O_CREAT, 0666);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		die_errno("failed to open '%s'", path);
+
+	while (size > 0) {
+		long ret = write_in_full(fd, buf, size);
+		if (ret < 0) {
+			/* Ignore epipe */
+			if (errno == EPIPE)
+				break;
+			die_errno("notes-merge");
+		} else if (!ret) {
+			die("notes-merge: disk full?");
+		}
+		size -= ret;
+		buf += ret;
+	}
+
+	close(fd);
+}
+
+static void write_note_to_worktree(const unsigned char *obj,
+				   const unsigned char *note)
+{
+	enum object_type type;
+	unsigned long size;
+	void *buf = read_sha1_file(note, &type, &size);
+
+	if (!buf)
+		die("cannot read note %s for object %s",
+		    sha1_to_hex(note), sha1_to_hex(obj));
+	if (type != OBJ_BLOB)
+		die("blob expected in note %s for object %s",
+		    sha1_to_hex(note), sha1_to_hex(obj));
+	write_buf_to_worktree(obj, buf, size);
+	free(buf);
+}
+
+static int ll_merge_in_worktree(struct notes_merge_options *o,
+				struct notes_merge_pair *p)
+{
+	mmbuffer_t result_buf;
+	mmfile_t base, local, remote;
+	int status;
+
+	read_mmblob(&base, p->base);
+	read_mmblob(&local, p->local);
+	read_mmblob(&remote, p->remote);
+
+	status = ll_merge(&result_buf, sha1_to_hex(p->obj), &base, NULL,
+			  &local, o->local_ref, &remote, o->remote_ref, NULL);
+
+	free(base.ptr);
+	free(local.ptr);
+	free(remote.ptr);
+
+	if ((status < 0) || !result_buf.ptr)
+		die("Failed to execute internal merge");
+
+	write_buf_to_worktree(p->obj, result_buf.ptr, result_buf.size);
+	free(result_buf.ptr);
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+static int merge_one_change_manual(struct notes_merge_options *o,
+				   struct notes_merge_pair *p,
+				   struct notes_tree *t)
+{
+	const char *lref = o->local_ref ? o->local_ref : "local version";
+	const char *rref = o->remote_ref ? o->remote_ref : "remote version";
+
+	trace_printf("\t\t\tmerge_one_change_manual(obj = %.7s, base = %.7s, "
+	       "local = %.7s, remote = %.7s)\n",
+	       sha1_to_hex(p->obj), sha1_to_hex(p->base),
+	       sha1_to_hex(p->local), sha1_to_hex(p->remote));
+
+	/* add "Conflicts:" section to commit message first time through */
+	if (!o->has_worktree)
+		strbuf_addstr(&(o->commit_msg), "\n\nConflicts:\n");
+
+	strbuf_addf(&(o->commit_msg), "\t%s\n", sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
+
+	OUTPUT(o, 2, "Auto-merging notes for %s", sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
+	check_notes_merge_worktree(o);
+	if (is_null_sha1(p->local)) {
+		/* D/F conflict, checkout p->remote */
+		assert(!is_null_sha1(p->remote));
+		OUTPUT(o, 1, "CONFLICT (delete/modify): Notes for object %s "
+		       "deleted in %s and modified in %s. Version from %s "
+		       "left in tree.", sha1_to_hex(p->obj), lref, rref, rref);
+		write_note_to_worktree(p->obj, p->remote);
+	} else if (is_null_sha1(p->remote)) {
+		/* D/F conflict, checkout p->local */
+		assert(!is_null_sha1(p->local));
+		OUTPUT(o, 1, "CONFLICT (delete/modify): Notes for object %s "
+		       "deleted in %s and modified in %s. Version from %s "
+		       "left in tree.", sha1_to_hex(p->obj), rref, lref, lref);
+		write_note_to_worktree(p->obj, p->local);
+	} else {
+		/* "regular" conflict, checkout result of ll_merge() */
+		const char *reason = "content";
+		if (is_null_sha1(p->base))
+			reason = "add/add";
+		assert(!is_null_sha1(p->local));
+		assert(!is_null_sha1(p->remote));
+		OUTPUT(o, 1, "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in notes for "
+		       "object %s", reason, sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
+		ll_merge_in_worktree(o, p);
+	}
+
+	trace_printf("\t\t\tremoving from partial merge result\n");
+	remove_note(t, p->obj);
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int merge_one_change(struct notes_merge_options *o,
+			    struct notes_merge_pair *p, struct notes_tree *t)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Return 0 if change is successfully resolved (stored in notes_tree).
+	 * Return 1 is change results in a conflict (NOT stored in notes_tree,
+	 * but instead written to NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE with conflict markers).
+	 */
+	switch (o->strategy) {
+	case NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_MANUAL:
+		return merge_one_change_manual(o, p, t);
+	case NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_OURS:
+		OUTPUT(o, 2, "Using local notes for %s", sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
+		/* nothing to do */
+		return 0;
+	case NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_THEIRS:
+		OUTPUT(o, 2, "Using remote notes for %s", sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
+		if (add_note(t, p->obj, p->remote, combine_notes_overwrite))
+			die("BUG: combine_notes_overwrite failed");
+		return 0;
+	case NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_UNION:
+		OUTPUT(o, 2, "Concatenating local and remote notes for %s",
+		       sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
+		if (add_note(t, p->obj, p->remote, combine_notes_concatenate))
+			die("failed to concatenate notes "
+			    "(combine_notes_concatenate)");
+		return 0;
+	case NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_CAT_SORT_UNIQ:
+		OUTPUT(o, 2, "Concatenating unique lines in local and remote "
+		       "notes for %s", sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
+		if (add_note(t, p->obj, p->remote, combine_notes_cat_sort_uniq))
+			die("failed to concatenate notes "
+			    "(combine_notes_cat_sort_uniq)");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	die("Unknown strategy (%i).", o->strategy);
+}
+
+static int merge_changes(struct notes_merge_options *o,
+			 struct notes_merge_pair *changes, int *num_changes,
+			 struct notes_tree *t)
+{
+	int i, conflicts = 0;
+
+	trace_printf("\tmerge_changes(num_changes = %i)\n", *num_changes);
+	for (i = 0; i < *num_changes; i++) {
+		struct notes_merge_pair *p = changes + i;
+		trace_printf("\t\t%.7s: %.7s -> %.7s/%.7s\n",
+		       sha1_to_hex(p->obj), sha1_to_hex(p->base),
+		       sha1_to_hex(p->local), sha1_to_hex(p->remote));
+
+		if (!hashcmp(p->base, p->remote)) {
+			/* no remote change; nothing to do */
+			trace_printf("\t\t\tskipping (no remote change)\n");
+		} else if (!hashcmp(p->local, p->remote)) {
+			/* same change in local and remote; nothing to do */
+			trace_printf("\t\t\tskipping (local == remote)\n");
+		} else if (!hashcmp(p->local, uninitialized) ||
+			   !hashcmp(p->local, p->base)) {
+			/* no local change; adopt remote change */
+			trace_printf("\t\t\tno local change, adopted remote\n");
+			if (add_note(t, p->obj, p->remote,
+				     combine_notes_overwrite))
+				die("BUG: combine_notes_overwrite failed");
+		} else {
+			/* need file-level merge between local and remote */
+			trace_printf("\t\t\tneed content-level merge\n");
+			conflicts += merge_one_change(o, p, t);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return conflicts;
+}
+
+static int merge_from_diffs(struct notes_merge_options *o,
+			    const unsigned char *base,
+			    const unsigned char *local,
+			    const unsigned char *remote, struct notes_tree *t)
+{
+	struct notes_merge_pair *changes;
+	int num_changes, conflicts;
+
+	trace_printf("\tmerge_from_diffs(base = %.7s, local = %.7s, "
+	       "remote = %.7s)\n", sha1_to_hex(base), sha1_to_hex(local),
+	       sha1_to_hex(remote));
+
+	changes = diff_tree_remote(o, base, remote, &num_changes);
+	diff_tree_local(o, changes, num_changes, base, local);
+
+	conflicts = merge_changes(o, changes, &num_changes, t);
+	free(changes);
+
+	OUTPUT(o, 4, "Merge result: %i unmerged notes and a %s notes tree",
+	       conflicts, t->dirty ? "dirty" : "clean");
+
+	return conflicts ? -1 : 1;
+}
+
+void create_notes_commit(struct notes_tree *t, struct commit_list *parents,
+			 const char *msg, unsigned char *result_sha1)
+{
+	unsigned char tree_sha1[20];
+
+	assert(t->initialized);
+
+	if (write_notes_tree(t, tree_sha1))
+		die("Failed to write notes tree to database");
+
+	if (!parents) {
+		/* Deduce parent commit from t->ref */
+		unsigned char parent_sha1[20];
+		if (!read_ref(t->ref, parent_sha1)) {
+			struct commit *parent = lookup_commit(parent_sha1);
+			if (!parent || parse_commit(parent))
+				die("Failed to find/parse commit %s", t->ref);
+			commit_list_insert(parent, &parents);
+		}
+		/* else: t->ref points to nothing, assume root/orphan commit */
+	}
+
+	if (commit_tree(msg, tree_sha1, parents, result_sha1, NULL))
+		die("Failed to commit notes tree to database");
+}
+
+int notes_merge(struct notes_merge_options *o,
+		struct notes_tree *local_tree,
+		unsigned char *result_sha1)
+{
+	unsigned char local_sha1[20], remote_sha1[20];
+	struct commit *local, *remote;
+	struct commit_list *bases = NULL;
+	const unsigned char *base_sha1, *base_tree_sha1;
+	int result = 0;
+
+	assert(o->local_ref && o->remote_ref);
+	assert(!strcmp(o->local_ref, local_tree->ref));
+	hashclr(result_sha1);
+
+	trace_printf("notes_merge(o->local_ref = %s, o->remote_ref = %s)\n",
+	       o->local_ref, o->remote_ref);
+
+	/* Dereference o->local_ref into local_sha1 */
+	if (!resolve_ref(o->local_ref, local_sha1, 0, NULL))
+		die("Failed to resolve local notes ref '%s'", o->local_ref);
+	else if (!check_ref_format(o->local_ref) && is_null_sha1(local_sha1))
+		local = NULL; /* local_sha1 == null_sha1 indicates unborn ref */
+	else if (!(local = lookup_commit_reference(local_sha1)))
+		die("Could not parse local commit %s (%s)",
+		    sha1_to_hex(local_sha1), o->local_ref);
+	trace_printf("\tlocal commit: %.7s\n", sha1_to_hex(local_sha1));
+
+	/* Dereference o->remote_ref into remote_sha1 */
+	if (get_sha1(o->remote_ref, remote_sha1)) {
+		/*
+		 * Failed to get remote_sha1. If o->remote_ref looks like an
+		 * unborn ref, perform the merge using an empty notes tree.
+		 */
+		if (!check_ref_format(o->remote_ref)) {
+			hashclr(remote_sha1);
+			remote = NULL;
+		} else {
+			die("Failed to resolve remote notes ref '%s'",
+			    o->remote_ref);
+		}
+	} else if (!(remote = lookup_commit_reference(remote_sha1))) {
+		die("Could not parse remote commit %s (%s)",
+		    sha1_to_hex(remote_sha1), o->remote_ref);
+	}
+	trace_printf("\tremote commit: %.7s\n", sha1_to_hex(remote_sha1));
+
+	if (!local && !remote)
+		die("Cannot merge empty notes ref (%s) into empty notes ref "
+		    "(%s)", o->remote_ref, o->local_ref);
+	if (!local) {
+		/* result == remote commit */
+		hashcpy(result_sha1, remote_sha1);
+		goto found_result;
+	}
+	if (!remote) {
+		/* result == local commit */
+		hashcpy(result_sha1, local_sha1);
+		goto found_result;
+	}
+	assert(local && remote);
+
+	/* Find merge bases */
+	bases = get_merge_bases(local, remote, 1);
+	if (!bases) {
+		base_sha1 = null_sha1;
+		base_tree_sha1 = EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN;
+		OUTPUT(o, 4, "No merge base found; doing history-less merge");
+	} else if (!bases->next) {
+		base_sha1 = bases->item->object.sha1;
+		base_tree_sha1 = bases->item->tree->object.sha1;
+		OUTPUT(o, 4, "One merge base found (%.7s)",
+		       sha1_to_hex(base_sha1));
+	} else {
+		/* TODO: How to handle multiple merge-bases? */
+		base_sha1 = bases->item->object.sha1;
+		base_tree_sha1 = bases->item->tree->object.sha1;
+		OUTPUT(o, 3, "Multiple merge bases found. Using the first "
+		       "(%.7s)", sha1_to_hex(base_sha1));
+	}
+
+	OUTPUT(o, 4, "Merging remote commit %.7s into local commit %.7s with "
+	       "merge-base %.7s", sha1_to_hex(remote->object.sha1),
+	       sha1_to_hex(local->object.sha1), sha1_to_hex(base_sha1));
+
+	if (!hashcmp(remote->object.sha1, base_sha1)) {
+		/* Already merged; result == local commit */
+		OUTPUT(o, 2, "Already up-to-date!");
+		hashcpy(result_sha1, local->object.sha1);
+		goto found_result;
+	}
+	if (!hashcmp(local->object.sha1, base_sha1)) {
+		/* Fast-forward; result == remote commit */
+		OUTPUT(o, 2, "Fast-forward");
+		hashcpy(result_sha1, remote->object.sha1);
+		goto found_result;
+	}
+
+	result = merge_from_diffs(o, base_tree_sha1, local->tree->object.sha1,
+				  remote->tree->object.sha1, local_tree);
+
+	if (result != 0) { /* non-trivial merge (with or without conflicts) */
+		/* Commit (partial) result */
+		struct commit_list *parents = NULL;
+		commit_list_insert(remote, &parents); /* LIFO order */
+		commit_list_insert(local, &parents);
+		create_notes_commit(local_tree, parents, o->commit_msg.buf,
+				    result_sha1);
+	}
+
+found_result:
+	free_commit_list(bases);
+	strbuf_release(&(o->commit_msg));
+	trace_printf("notes_merge(): result = %i, result_sha1 = %.7s\n",
+	       result, sha1_to_hex(result_sha1));
+	return result;
+}
+
+int notes_merge_commit(struct notes_merge_options *o,
+		       struct notes_tree *partial_tree,
+		       struct commit *partial_commit,
+		       unsigned char *result_sha1)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Iterate through files in .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE and add all
+	 * found notes to 'partial_tree'. Write the updates notes tree to
+	 * the DB, and commit the resulting tree object while reusing the
+	 * commit message and parents from 'partial_commit'.
+	 * Finally store the new commit object SHA1 into 'result_sha1'.
+	 */
+	struct dir_struct dir;
+	const char *path = git_path(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE "/");
+	int path_len = strlen(path), i;
+	const char *msg = strstr(partial_commit->buffer, "\n\n");
+
+	OUTPUT(o, 3, "Committing notes in notes merge worktree at %.*s",
+	       path_len - 1, path);
+
+	if (!msg || msg[2] == '\0')
+		die("partial notes commit has empty message");
+	msg += 2;
+
+	memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
+	read_directory(&dir, path, path_len, NULL);
+	for (i = 0; i < dir.nr; i++) {
+		struct dir_entry *ent = dir.entries[i];
+		struct stat st;
+		const char *relpath = ent->name + path_len;
+		unsigned char obj_sha1[20], blob_sha1[20];
+
+		if (ent->len - path_len != 40 || get_sha1_hex(relpath, obj_sha1)) {
+			OUTPUT(o, 3, "Skipping non-SHA1 entry '%s'", ent->name);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* write file as blob, and add to partial_tree */
+		if (stat(ent->name, &st))
+			die_errno("Failed to stat '%s'", ent->name);
+		if (index_path(blob_sha1, ent->name, &st, 1))
+			die("Failed to write blob object from '%s'", ent->name);
+		if (add_note(partial_tree, obj_sha1, blob_sha1, NULL))
+			die("Failed to add resolved note '%s' to notes tree",
+			    ent->name);
+		OUTPUT(o, 4, "Added resolved note for object %s: %s",
+		       sha1_to_hex(obj_sha1), sha1_to_hex(blob_sha1));
+	}
+
+	create_notes_commit(partial_tree, partial_commit->parents, msg,
+			    result_sha1);
+	OUTPUT(o, 4, "Finalized notes merge commit: %s",
+	       sha1_to_hex(result_sha1));
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int notes_merge_abort(struct notes_merge_options *o)
+{
+	/* Remove .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE directory and all files within */
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, git_path(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE));
+	OUTPUT(o, 3, "Removing notes merge worktree at %s", buf.buf);
+	ret = remove_dir_recursively(&buf, 0);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return ret;
+}
diff --git a/notes-merge.h b/notes-merge.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..168a672
--- /dev/null
+++ b/notes-merge.h
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+#ifndef NOTES_MERGE_H
+#define NOTES_MERGE_H
+
+#define NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE "NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE"
+
+enum notes_merge_verbosity {
+	NOTES_MERGE_VERBOSITY_DEFAULT = 2,
+	NOTES_MERGE_VERBOSITY_MAX = 5
+};
+
+struct notes_merge_options {
+	const char *local_ref;
+	const char *remote_ref;
+	struct strbuf commit_msg;
+	int verbosity;
+	enum {
+		NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_MANUAL = 0,
+		NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_OURS,
+		NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_THEIRS,
+		NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_UNION,
+		NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_CAT_SORT_UNIQ
+	} strategy;
+	unsigned has_worktree:1;
+};
+
+void init_notes_merge_options(struct notes_merge_options *o);
+
+/*
+ * Create new notes commit from the given notes tree
+ *
+ * Properties of the created commit:
+ * - tree: the result of converting t to a tree object with write_notes_tree().
+ * - parents: the given parents OR (if NULL) the commit referenced by t->ref.
+ * - author/committer: the default determined by commmit_tree().
+ * - commit message: msg
+ *
+ * The resulting commit SHA1 is stored in result_sha1.
+ */
+void create_notes_commit(struct notes_tree *t, struct commit_list *parents,
+			 const char *msg, unsigned char *result_sha1);
+
+/*
+ * Merge notes from o->remote_ref into o->local_ref
+ *
+ * The given notes_tree 'local_tree' must be the notes_tree referenced by the
+ * o->local_ref. This is the notes_tree in which the object-level merge is
+ * performed.
+ *
+ * The commits given by the two refs are merged, producing one of the following
+ * outcomes:
+ *
+ * 1. The merge trivially results in an existing commit (e.g. fast-forward or
+ *    already-up-to-date). 'local_tree' is untouched, the SHA1 of the result
+ *    is written into 'result_sha1' and 0 is returned.
+ * 2. The merge successfully completes, producing a merge commit. local_tree
+ *    contains the updated notes tree, the SHA1 of the resulting commit is
+ *    written into 'result_sha1', and 1 is returned.
+ * 3. The merge results in conflicts. This is similar to #2 in that the
+ *    partial merge result (i.e. merge result minus the unmerged entries)
+ *    are stored in 'local_tree', and the SHA1 or the resulting commit
+ *    (to be amended when the conflicts have been resolved) is written into
+ *    'result_sha1'. The unmerged entries are written into the
+ *    .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE directory with conflict markers.
+ *    -1 is returned.
+ *
+ * Both o->local_ref and o->remote_ref must be given (non-NULL), but either ref
+ * (although not both) may refer to a non-existing notes ref, in which case
+ * that notes ref is interpreted as an empty notes tree, and the merge
+ * trivially results in what the other ref points to.
+ */
+int notes_merge(struct notes_merge_options *o,
+		struct notes_tree *local_tree,
+		unsigned char *result_sha1);
+
+/*
+ * Finalize conflict resolution from an earlier notes_merge()
+ *
+ * The given notes tree 'partial_tree' must be the notes_tree corresponding to
+ * the given 'partial_commit', the partial result commit created by a previous
+ * call to notes_merge().
+ *
+ * This function will add the (now resolved) notes in .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE
+ * to 'partial_tree', and create a final notes merge commit, the SHA1 of which
+ * will be stored in 'result_sha1'.
+ */
+int notes_merge_commit(struct notes_merge_options *o,
+		       struct notes_tree *partial_tree,
+		       struct commit *partial_commit,
+		       unsigned char *result_sha1);
+
+/*
+ * Abort conflict resolution from an earlier notes_merge()
+ *
+ * Removes the notes merge worktree in .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE.
+ */
+int notes_merge_abort(struct notes_merge_options *o);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/notes.c b/notes.c
index 70d0013..a013c1b 100644
--- a/notes.c
+++ b/notes.c
@@ -150,86 +150,6 @@
 }
 
 /*
- * To insert a leaf_node:
- * Search to the tree location appropriate for the given leaf_node's key:
- * - If location is unused (NULL), store the tweaked pointer directly there
- * - If location holds a note entry that matches the note-to-be-inserted, then
- *   combine the two notes (by calling the given combine_notes function).
- * - If location holds a note entry that matches the subtree-to-be-inserted,
- *   then unpack the subtree-to-be-inserted into the location.
- * - If location holds a matching subtree entry, unpack the subtree at that
- *   location, and restart the insert operation from that level.
- * - Else, create a new int_node, holding both the node-at-location and the
- *   node-to-be-inserted, and store the new int_node into the location.
- */
-static void note_tree_insert(struct notes_tree *t, struct int_node *tree,
-		unsigned char n, struct leaf_node *entry, unsigned char type,
-		combine_notes_fn combine_notes)
-{
-	struct int_node *new_node;
-	struct leaf_node *l;
-	void **p = note_tree_search(t, &tree, &n, entry->key_sha1);
-
-	assert(GET_PTR_TYPE(entry) == 0); /* no type bits set */
-	l = (struct leaf_node *) CLR_PTR_TYPE(*p);
-	switch (GET_PTR_TYPE(*p)) {
-	case PTR_TYPE_NULL:
-		assert(!*p);
-		*p = SET_PTR_TYPE(entry, type);
-		return;
-	case PTR_TYPE_NOTE:
-		switch (type) {
-		case PTR_TYPE_NOTE:
-			if (!hashcmp(l->key_sha1, entry->key_sha1)) {
-				/* skip concatenation if l == entry */
-				if (!hashcmp(l->val_sha1, entry->val_sha1))
-					return;
-
-				if (combine_notes(l->val_sha1, entry->val_sha1))
-					die("failed to combine notes %s and %s"
-					    " for object %s",
-					    sha1_to_hex(l->val_sha1),
-					    sha1_to_hex(entry->val_sha1),
-					    sha1_to_hex(l->key_sha1));
-				free(entry);
-				return;
-			}
-			break;
-		case PTR_TYPE_SUBTREE:
-			if (!SUBTREE_SHA1_PREFIXCMP(l->key_sha1,
-						    entry->key_sha1)) {
-				/* unpack 'entry' */
-				load_subtree(t, entry, tree, n);
-				free(entry);
-				return;
-			}
-			break;
-		}
-		break;
-	case PTR_TYPE_SUBTREE:
-		if (!SUBTREE_SHA1_PREFIXCMP(entry->key_sha1, l->key_sha1)) {
-			/* unpack 'l' and restart insert */
-			*p = NULL;
-			load_subtree(t, l, tree, n);
-			free(l);
-			note_tree_insert(t, tree, n, entry, type,
-					 combine_notes);
-			return;
-		}
-		break;
-	}
-
-	/* non-matching leaf_node */
-	assert(GET_PTR_TYPE(*p) == PTR_TYPE_NOTE ||
-	       GET_PTR_TYPE(*p) == PTR_TYPE_SUBTREE);
-	new_node = (struct int_node *) xcalloc(sizeof(struct int_node), 1);
-	note_tree_insert(t, new_node, n + 1, l, GET_PTR_TYPE(*p),
-			 combine_notes);
-	*p = SET_PTR_TYPE(new_node, PTR_TYPE_INTERNAL);
-	note_tree_insert(t, new_node, n + 1, entry, type, combine_notes);
-}
-
-/*
  * How to consolidate an int_node:
  * If there are > 1 non-NULL entries, give up and return non-zero.
  * Otherwise replace the int_node at the given index in the given parent node
@@ -305,6 +225,93 @@
 		i--;
 }
 
+/*
+ * To insert a leaf_node:
+ * Search to the tree location appropriate for the given leaf_node's key:
+ * - If location is unused (NULL), store the tweaked pointer directly there
+ * - If location holds a note entry that matches the note-to-be-inserted, then
+ *   combine the two notes (by calling the given combine_notes function).
+ * - If location holds a note entry that matches the subtree-to-be-inserted,
+ *   then unpack the subtree-to-be-inserted into the location.
+ * - If location holds a matching subtree entry, unpack the subtree at that
+ *   location, and restart the insert operation from that level.
+ * - Else, create a new int_node, holding both the node-at-location and the
+ *   node-to-be-inserted, and store the new int_node into the location.
+ */
+static int note_tree_insert(struct notes_tree *t, struct int_node *tree,
+		unsigned char n, struct leaf_node *entry, unsigned char type,
+		combine_notes_fn combine_notes)
+{
+	struct int_node *new_node;
+	struct leaf_node *l;
+	void **p = note_tree_search(t, &tree, &n, entry->key_sha1);
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	assert(GET_PTR_TYPE(entry) == 0); /* no type bits set */
+	l = (struct leaf_node *) CLR_PTR_TYPE(*p);
+	switch (GET_PTR_TYPE(*p)) {
+	case PTR_TYPE_NULL:
+		assert(!*p);
+		if (is_null_sha1(entry->val_sha1))
+			free(entry);
+		else
+			*p = SET_PTR_TYPE(entry, type);
+		return 0;
+	case PTR_TYPE_NOTE:
+		switch (type) {
+		case PTR_TYPE_NOTE:
+			if (!hashcmp(l->key_sha1, entry->key_sha1)) {
+				/* skip concatenation if l == entry */
+				if (!hashcmp(l->val_sha1, entry->val_sha1))
+					return 0;
+
+				ret = combine_notes(l->val_sha1,
+						    entry->val_sha1);
+				if (!ret && is_null_sha1(l->val_sha1))
+					note_tree_remove(t, tree, n, entry);
+				free(entry);
+				return ret;
+			}
+			break;
+		case PTR_TYPE_SUBTREE:
+			if (!SUBTREE_SHA1_PREFIXCMP(l->key_sha1,
+						    entry->key_sha1)) {
+				/* unpack 'entry' */
+				load_subtree(t, entry, tree, n);
+				free(entry);
+				return 0;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+		break;
+	case PTR_TYPE_SUBTREE:
+		if (!SUBTREE_SHA1_PREFIXCMP(entry->key_sha1, l->key_sha1)) {
+			/* unpack 'l' and restart insert */
+			*p = NULL;
+			load_subtree(t, l, tree, n);
+			free(l);
+			return note_tree_insert(t, tree, n, entry, type,
+						combine_notes);
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+
+	/* non-matching leaf_node */
+	assert(GET_PTR_TYPE(*p) == PTR_TYPE_NOTE ||
+	       GET_PTR_TYPE(*p) == PTR_TYPE_SUBTREE);
+	if (is_null_sha1(entry->val_sha1)) { /* skip insertion of empty note */
+		free(entry);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	new_node = (struct int_node *) xcalloc(sizeof(struct int_node), 1);
+	ret = note_tree_insert(t, new_node, n + 1, l, GET_PTR_TYPE(*p),
+			       combine_notes);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	*p = SET_PTR_TYPE(new_node, PTR_TYPE_INTERNAL);
+	return note_tree_insert(t, new_node, n + 1, entry, type, combine_notes);
+}
+
 /* Free the entire notes data contained in the given tree */
 static void note_tree_free(struct int_node *tree)
 {
@@ -445,8 +452,12 @@
 				l->key_sha1[19] = (unsigned char) len;
 				type = PTR_TYPE_SUBTREE;
 			}
-			note_tree_insert(t, node, n, l, type,
-					 combine_notes_concatenate);
+			if (note_tree_insert(t, node, n, l, type,
+					     combine_notes_concatenate))
+				die("Failed to load %s %s into notes tree "
+				    "from %s",
+				    type == PTR_TYPE_NOTE ? "note" : "subtree",
+				    sha1_to_hex(l->key_sha1), t->ref);
 		}
 		continue;
 
@@ -804,16 +815,17 @@
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	/* we will separate the notes by a newline anyway */
+	/* we will separate the notes by two newlines anyway */
 	if (cur_msg[cur_len - 1] == '\n')
 		cur_len--;
 
 	/* concatenate cur_msg and new_msg into buf */
-	buf_len = cur_len + 1 + new_len;
+	buf_len = cur_len + 2 + new_len;
 	buf = (char *) xmalloc(buf_len);
 	memcpy(buf, cur_msg, cur_len);
 	buf[cur_len] = '\n';
-	memcpy(buf + cur_len + 1, new_msg, new_len);
+	buf[cur_len + 1] = '\n';
+	memcpy(buf + cur_len + 2, new_msg, new_len);
 	free(cur_msg);
 	free(new_msg);
 
@@ -836,6 +848,82 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int string_list_add_note_lines(struct string_list *sort_uniq_list,
+				      const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	char *data;
+	unsigned long len;
+	enum object_type t;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf **lines = NULL;
+	int i, list_index;
+
+	if (is_null_sha1(sha1))
+		return 0;
+
+	/* read_sha1_file NUL-terminates */
+	data = read_sha1_file(sha1, &t, &len);
+	if (t != OBJ_BLOB || !data || !len) {
+		free(data);
+		return t != OBJ_BLOB || !data;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_attach(&buf, data, len, len + 1);
+	lines = strbuf_split(&buf, '\n');
+
+	for (i = 0; lines[i]; i++) {
+		if (lines[i]->buf[lines[i]->len - 1] == '\n')
+			strbuf_setlen(lines[i], lines[i]->len - 1);
+		if (!lines[i]->len)
+			continue; /* skip empty lines */
+		list_index = string_list_find_insert_index(sort_uniq_list,
+							   lines[i]->buf, 0);
+		if (list_index < 0)
+			continue; /* skip duplicate lines */
+		string_list_insert_at_index(sort_uniq_list, list_index,
+					    lines[i]->buf);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_list_free(lines);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int string_list_join_lines_helper(struct string_list_item *item,
+					 void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct strbuf *buf = cb_data;
+	strbuf_addstr(buf, item->string);
+	strbuf_addch(buf, '\n');
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int combine_notes_cat_sort_uniq(unsigned char *cur_sha1,
+		const unsigned char *new_sha1)
+{
+	struct string_list sort_uniq_list = { NULL, 0, 0, 1 };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = 1;
+
+	/* read both note blob objects into unique_lines */
+	if (string_list_add_note_lines(&sort_uniq_list, cur_sha1))
+		goto out;
+	if (string_list_add_note_lines(&sort_uniq_list, new_sha1))
+		goto out;
+
+	/* create a new blob object from sort_uniq_list */
+	if (for_each_string_list(&sort_uniq_list,
+				 string_list_join_lines_helper, &buf))
+		goto out;
+
+	ret = write_sha1_file(buf.buf, buf.len, blob_type, cur_sha1);
+
+out:
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	string_list_clear(&sort_uniq_list, 0);
+	return ret;
+}
+
 static int string_list_add_one_ref(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1,
 				   int flag, void *cb)
 {
@@ -893,7 +981,7 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static const char *default_notes_ref(void)
+const char *default_notes_ref(void)
 {
 	const char *notes_ref = NULL;
 	if (!notes_ref)
@@ -935,7 +1023,7 @@
 		return;
 	if (get_tree_entry(object_sha1, "", sha1, &mode))
 		die("Failed to read notes tree referenced by %s (%s)",
-		    notes_ref, object_sha1);
+		    notes_ref, sha1_to_hex(object_sha1));
 
 	hashclr(root_tree.key_sha1);
 	hashcpy(root_tree.val_sha1, sha1);
@@ -989,7 +1077,7 @@
 	string_list_clear(&display_notes_refs, 0);
 }
 
-void add_note(struct notes_tree *t, const unsigned char *object_sha1,
+int add_note(struct notes_tree *t, const unsigned char *object_sha1,
 		const unsigned char *note_sha1, combine_notes_fn combine_notes)
 {
 	struct leaf_node *l;
@@ -1003,7 +1091,7 @@
 	l = (struct leaf_node *) xmalloc(sizeof(struct leaf_node));
 	hashcpy(l->key_sha1, object_sha1);
 	hashcpy(l->val_sha1, note_sha1);
-	note_tree_insert(t, t->root, 0, l, PTR_TYPE_NOTE, combine_notes);
+	return note_tree_insert(t, t->root, 0, l, PTR_TYPE_NOTE, combine_notes);
 }
 
 int remove_note(struct notes_tree *t, const unsigned char *object_sha1)
@@ -1182,7 +1270,7 @@
 
 int copy_note(struct notes_tree *t,
 	      const unsigned char *from_obj, const unsigned char *to_obj,
-	      int force, combine_notes_fn combine_fn)
+	      int force, combine_notes_fn combine_notes)
 {
 	const unsigned char *note = get_note(t, from_obj);
 	const unsigned char *existing_note = get_note(t, to_obj);
@@ -1191,9 +1279,9 @@
 		return 1;
 
 	if (note)
-		add_note(t, to_obj, note, combine_fn);
+		return add_note(t, to_obj, note, combine_notes);
 	else if (existing_note)
-		add_note(t, to_obj, null_sha1, combine_fn);
+		return add_note(t, to_obj, null_sha1, combine_notes);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/notes.h b/notes.h
index 5106761..83bd6e0 100644
--- a/notes.h
+++ b/notes.h
@@ -12,7 +12,10 @@
  * resulting SHA1 into the first SHA1 argument (cur_sha1). A non-zero return
  * value indicates failure.
  *
- * The two given SHA1s must both be non-NULL and different from each other.
+ * The two given SHA1s shall both be non-NULL and different from each other.
+ * Either of them (but not both) may be == null_sha1, which indicates an
+ * empty/non-existent note. If the resulting SHA1 (cur_sha1) is == null_sha1,
+ * the note will be removed from the notes tree.
  *
  * The default combine_notes function (you get this when passing NULL) is
  * combine_notes_concatenate(), which appends the contents of the new note to
@@ -24,6 +27,7 @@
 int combine_notes_concatenate(unsigned char *cur_sha1, const unsigned char *new_sha1);
 int combine_notes_overwrite(unsigned char *cur_sha1, const unsigned char *new_sha1);
 int combine_notes_ignore(unsigned char *cur_sha1, const unsigned char *new_sha1);
+int combine_notes_cat_sort_uniq(unsigned char *cur_sha1, const unsigned char *new_sha1);
 
 /*
  * Notes tree object
@@ -44,6 +48,20 @@
 } default_notes_tree;
 
 /*
+ * Return the default notes ref.
+ *
+ * The default notes ref is the notes ref that is used when notes_ref == NULL
+ * is passed to init_notes().
+ *
+ * This the first of the following to be defined:
+ * 1. The '--ref' option to 'git notes', if given
+ * 2. The $GIT_NOTES_REF environment variable, if set
+ * 3. The value of the core.notesRef config variable, if set
+ * 4. GIT_NOTES_DEFAULT_REF (i.e. "refs/notes/commits")
+ */
+const char *default_notes_ref(void);
+
+/*
  * Flags controlling behaviour of notes tree initialization
  *
  * Default behaviour is to initialize the notes tree from the tree object
@@ -76,11 +94,24 @@
 /*
  * Add the given note object to the given notes_tree structure
  *
+ * If there already exists a note for the given object_sha1, the given
+ * combine_notes function is invoked to break the tie. If not given (i.e.
+ * combine_notes == NULL), the default combine_notes function for the given
+ * notes_tree is used.
+ *
+ * Passing note_sha1 == null_sha1 indicates the addition of an
+ * empty/non-existent note. This is a (potentially expensive) no-op unless
+ * there already exists a note for the given object_sha1, AND combining that
+ * note with the empty note (using the given combine_notes function) results
+ * in a new/changed note.
+ *
+ * Returns zero on success; non-zero means combine_notes failed.
+ *
  * IMPORTANT: The changes made by add_note() to the given notes_tree structure
  * are not persistent until a subsequent call to write_notes_tree() returns
  * zero.
  */
-void add_note(struct notes_tree *t, const unsigned char *object_sha1,
+int add_note(struct notes_tree *t, const unsigned char *object_sha1,
 		const unsigned char *note_sha1, combine_notes_fn combine_notes);
 
 /*
@@ -105,11 +136,18 @@
 /*
  * Copy a note from one object to another in the given notes_tree.
  *
- * Fails if the to_obj already has a note unless 'force' is true.
+ * Returns 1 if the to_obj already has a note and 'force' is false. Otherwise,
+ * returns non-zero if 'force' is true, but the given combine_notes function
+ * failed to combine from_obj's note with to_obj's existing note.
+ * Returns zero on success.
+ *
+ * IMPORTANT: The changes made by copy_note() to the given notes_tree structure
+ * are not persistent until a subsequent call to write_notes_tree() returns
+ * zero.
  */
 int copy_note(struct notes_tree *t,
 	      const unsigned char *from_obj, const unsigned char *to_obj,
-	      int force, combine_notes_fn combine_fn);
+	      int force, combine_notes_fn combine_notes);
 
 /*
  * Flags controlling behaviour of for_each_note()
@@ -151,6 +189,7 @@
  * notes tree) from within the callback:
  * - add_note()
  * - remove_note()
+ * - copy_note()
  * - free_notes()
  */
 typedef int each_note_fn(const unsigned char *object_sha1,
diff --git a/object.h b/object.h
index 4d1d615..b6618d9 100644
--- a/object.h
+++ b/object.h
@@ -6,11 +6,6 @@
 	struct object_list *next;
 };
 
-struct object_refs {
-	unsigned count;
-	struct object *ref[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
-};
-
 struct object_array {
 	unsigned int nr;
 	unsigned int alloc;
diff --git a/pack-check.c b/pack-check.c
index 9d0cb9a..a1a5216 100644
--- a/pack-check.c
+++ b/pack-check.c
@@ -2,8 +2,7 @@
 #include "pack.h"
 #include "pack-revindex.h"
 
-struct idx_entry
-{
+struct idx_entry {
 	off_t                offset;
 	const unsigned char *sha1;
 	unsigned int nr;
@@ -24,7 +23,7 @@
 		   off_t offset, off_t len, unsigned int nr)
 {
 	const uint32_t *index_crc;
-	uint32_t data_crc = crc32(0, Z_NULL, 0);
+	uint32_t data_crc = crc32(0, NULL, 0);
 
 	do {
 		unsigned int avail;
diff --git a/parse-options.c b/parse-options.c
index 0fa79bc..73bd28a 100644
--- a/parse-options.c
+++ b/parse-options.c
@@ -11,6 +11,13 @@
 #define OPT_SHORT 1
 #define OPT_UNSET 2
 
+static int optbug(const struct option *opt, const char *reason)
+{
+	if (opt->long_name)
+		return error("BUG: option '%s' %s", opt->long_name, reason);
+	return error("BUG: switch '%c' %s", opt->short_name, reason);
+}
+
 static int opterror(const struct option *opt, const char *reason, int flags)
 {
 	if (flags & OPT_SHORT)
@@ -55,25 +62,13 @@
 		return opterror(opt, "takes no value", flags);
 	if (unset && (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_NONEG))
 		return opterror(opt, "isn't available", flags);
-
-	if (!(flags & OPT_SHORT) && p->opt) {
-		switch (opt->type) {
-		case OPTION_CALLBACK:
-			if (!(opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG))
-				break;
-			/* FALLTHROUGH */
-		case OPTION_BOOLEAN:
-		case OPTION_BIT:
-		case OPTION_NEGBIT:
-		case OPTION_SET_INT:
-		case OPTION_SET_PTR:
-			return opterror(opt, "takes no value", flags);
-		default:
-			break;
-		}
-	}
+	if (!(flags & OPT_SHORT) && p->opt && (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG))
+		return opterror(opt, "takes no value", flags);
 
 	switch (opt->type) {
+	case OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK:
+		return (*(parse_opt_ll_cb *)opt->callback)(p, opt, unset);
+
 	case OPTION_BIT:
 		if (unset)
 			*(int *)opt->value &= ~opt->defval;
@@ -281,13 +276,6 @@
 	for (; options->type != OPTION_END; options++) {
 		if (!(options->flags & PARSE_OPT_NODASH))
 			continue;
-		if ((options->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG) ||
-		    !(options->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG))
-			die("BUG: dashless options don't support arguments");
-		if (!(options->flags & PARSE_OPT_NONEG))
-			die("BUG: dashless options don't support negation");
-		if (options->long_name)
-			die("BUG: dashless options can't be long");
 		if (options->short_name == arg[0] && arg[1] == '\0')
 			return get_value(p, options, OPT_SHORT);
 	}
@@ -320,25 +308,37 @@
 
 	for (; opts->type != OPTION_END; opts++) {
 		if ((opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT) &&
-		    (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG)) {
-			if (opts->long_name) {
-				error("`--%s` uses incompatible flags "
-				      "LASTARG_DEFAULT and OPTARG", opts->long_name);
-			} else {
-				error("`-%c` uses incompatible flags "
-				      "LASTARG_DEFAULT and OPTARG", opts->short_name);
-			}
-			err |= 1;
+		    (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG))
+			err |= optbug(opts, "uses incompatible flags "
+					"LASTARG_DEFAULT and OPTARG");
+		if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NODASH &&
+		    ((opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG) ||
+		     !(opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG) ||
+		     !(opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NONEG) ||
+		     opts->long_name))
+			err |= optbug(opts, "uses feature "
+					"not supported for dashless options");
+		switch (opts->type) {
+		case OPTION_BOOLEAN:
+		case OPTION_BIT:
+		case OPTION_NEGBIT:
+		case OPTION_SET_INT:
+		case OPTION_SET_PTR:
+		case OPTION_NUMBER:
+			if ((opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG) ||
+			    !(opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG))
+				err |= optbug(opts, "should not accept an argument");
+		default:
+			; /* ok. (usually accepts an argument) */
 		}
 	}
-
 	if (err)
-		exit(129);
+		exit(128);
 }
 
 void parse_options_start(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 			 int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
-			 int flags)
+			 const struct option *options, int flags)
 {
 	memset(ctx, 0, sizeof(*ctx));
 	ctx->argc = argc - 1;
@@ -350,6 +350,7 @@
 	if ((flags & PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN) &&
 	    (flags & PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION))
 		die("STOP_AT_NON_OPTION and KEEP_UNKNOWN don't go together");
+	parse_options_check(options);
 }
 
 static int usage_with_options_internal(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *,
@@ -362,8 +363,6 @@
 {
 	int internal_help = !(ctx->flags & PARSE_OPT_NO_INTERNAL_HELP);
 
-	parse_options_check(options);
-
 	/* we must reset ->opt, unknown short option leave it dangling */
 	ctx->opt = NULL;
 
@@ -374,7 +373,7 @@
 			if (parse_nodash_opt(ctx, arg, options) == 0)
 				continue;
 			if (ctx->flags & PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION)
-				break;
+				return PARSE_OPT_NON_OPTION;
 			ctx->out[ctx->cpidx++] = ctx->argv[0];
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -452,10 +451,11 @@
 {
 	struct parse_opt_ctx_t ctx;
 
-	parse_options_start(&ctx, argc, argv, prefix, flags);
+	parse_options_start(&ctx, argc, argv, prefix, options, flags);
 	switch (parse_options_step(&ctx, options, usagestr)) {
 	case PARSE_OPT_HELP:
 		exit(129);
+	case PARSE_OPT_NON_OPTION:
 	case PARSE_OPT_DONE:
 		break;
 	default: /* PARSE_OPT_UNKNOWN */
@@ -541,7 +541,8 @@
 		if (opts->type == OPTION_NUMBER)
 			pos += fprintf(outfile, "-NUM");
 
-		if (!(opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG))
+		if ((opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP) ||
+		    !(opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG))
 			pos += usage_argh(opts, outfile);
 
 		if (pos <= USAGE_OPTS_WIDTH)
@@ -560,14 +561,14 @@
 	return PARSE_OPT_HELP;
 }
 
-void usage_with_options(const char * const *usagestr,
+void NORETURN usage_with_options(const char * const *usagestr,
 			const struct option *opts)
 {
 	usage_with_options_internal(NULL, usagestr, opts, 0, 1);
 	exit(129);
 }
 
-void usage_msg_opt(const char *msg,
+void NORETURN usage_msg_opt(const char *msg,
 		   const char * const *usagestr,
 		   const struct option *options)
 {
diff --git a/parse-options.h b/parse-options.h
index d982f0f..d1b12fe 100644
--- a/parse-options.h
+++ b/parse-options.h
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 	OPTION_STRING,
 	OPTION_INTEGER,
 	OPTION_CALLBACK,
+	OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK,
 	OPTION_FILENAME
 };
 
@@ -43,6 +44,10 @@
 struct option;
 typedef int parse_opt_cb(const struct option *, const char *arg, int unset);
 
+struct parse_opt_ctx_t;
+typedef int parse_opt_ll_cb(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
+				const struct option *opt, int unset);
+
 /*
  * `type`::
  *   holds the type of the option, you must have an OPTION_END last in your
@@ -87,7 +92,8 @@
  *				useful for users of OPTION_NEGBIT.
  *
  * `callback`::
- *   pointer to the callback to use for OPTION_CALLBACK.
+ *   pointer to the callback to use for OPTION_CALLBACK or
+ *   OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK.
  *
  * `defval`::
  *   default value to fill (*->value) with for PARSE_OPT_OPTARG.
@@ -135,7 +141,7 @@
 	{ OPTION_NUMBER, 0, NULL, (v), NULL, (h), \
 	  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, (f) }
 #define OPT_FILENAME(s, l, v, h)    { OPTION_FILENAME, (s), (l), (v), \
-				       "FILE", (h) }
+				       "file", (h) }
 #define OPT_COLOR_FLAG(s, l, v, h) \
 	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, (s), (l), (v), "when", (h), PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, \
 		parse_opt_color_flag_cb, (intptr_t)"always" }
@@ -161,6 +167,7 @@
 enum {
 	PARSE_OPT_HELP = -1,
 	PARSE_OPT_DONE,
+	PARSE_OPT_NON_OPTION,
 	PARSE_OPT_UNKNOWN
 };
 
@@ -180,7 +187,7 @@
 
 extern void parse_options_start(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 				int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
-				int flags);
+				const struct option *options, int flags);
 
 extern int parse_options_step(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 			      const struct option *options,
@@ -198,14 +205,15 @@
 extern int parse_opt_with_commit(const struct option *, const char *, int);
 extern int parse_opt_tertiary(const struct option *, const char *, int);
 
-#define OPT__VERBOSE(var)  OPT_BOOLEAN('v', "verbose", (var), "be verbose")
-#define OPT__QUIET(var)    OPT_BOOLEAN('q', "quiet",   (var), "be quiet")
+#define OPT__VERBOSE(var, h)  OPT_BOOLEAN('v', "verbose", (var), (h))
+#define OPT__QUIET(var, h)    OPT_BOOLEAN('q', "quiet",   (var), (h))
 #define OPT__VERBOSITY(var) \
 	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'v', "verbose", (var), NULL, "be more verbose", \
 	  PARSE_OPT_NOARG, &parse_opt_verbosity_cb, 0 }, \
 	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'q', "quiet", (var), NULL, "be more quiet", \
 	  PARSE_OPT_NOARG, &parse_opt_verbosity_cb, 0 }
-#define OPT__DRY_RUN(var)  OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "dry-run", (var), "dry run")
+#define OPT__DRY_RUN(var, h)  OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "dry-run", (var), (h))
+#define OPT__FORCE(var, h)    OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force",   (var), (h))
 #define OPT__ABBREV(var)  \
 	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "abbrev", (var), "n", \
 	  "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s", \
diff --git a/patch-delta.c b/patch-delta.c
index d218faa..56e0a5e 100644
--- a/patch-delta.c
+++ b/patch-delta.c
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
 			if (cmd & 0x20) cp_size |= (*data++ << 8);
 			if (cmd & 0x40) cp_size |= (*data++ << 16);
 			if (cp_size == 0) cp_size = 0x10000;
-			if (cp_off + cp_size < cp_size ||
+			if (unsigned_add_overflows(cp_off, cp_size) ||
 			    cp_off + cp_size > src_size ||
 			    cp_size > size)
 				break;
diff --git a/path.c b/path.c
index a2c9d1e..4d73cc9 100644
--- a/path.c
+++ b/path.c
@@ -161,119 +161,6 @@
 	return cleanup_path(pathname);
 }
 
-/* git_mkstemp() - create tmp file honoring TMPDIR variable */
-int git_mkstemp(char *path, size_t len, const char *template)
-{
-	const char *tmp;
-	size_t n;
-
-	tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
-	if (!tmp)
-		tmp = "/tmp";
-	n = snprintf(path, len, "%s/%s", tmp, template);
-	if (len <= n) {
-		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
-		return -1;
-	}
-	return mkstemp(path);
-}
-
-/* git_mkstemps() - create tmp file with suffix honoring TMPDIR variable. */
-int git_mkstemps(char *path, size_t len, const char *template, int suffix_len)
-{
-	const char *tmp;
-	size_t n;
-
-	tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
-	if (!tmp)
-		tmp = "/tmp";
-	n = snprintf(path, len, "%s/%s", tmp, template);
-	if (len <= n) {
-		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
-		return -1;
-	}
-	return mkstemps(path, suffix_len);
-}
-
-/* Adapted from libiberty's mkstemp.c. */
-
-#undef TMP_MAX
-#define TMP_MAX 16384
-
-int git_mkstemps_mode(char *pattern, int suffix_len, int mode)
-{
-	static const char letters[] =
-		"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
-		"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
-		"0123456789";
-	static const int num_letters = 62;
-	uint64_t value;
-	struct timeval tv;
-	char *template;
-	size_t len;
-	int fd, count;
-
-	len = strlen(pattern);
-
-	if (len < 6 + suffix_len) {
-		errno = EINVAL;
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	if (strncmp(&pattern[len - 6 - suffix_len], "XXXXXX", 6)) {
-		errno = EINVAL;
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Replace pattern's XXXXXX characters with randomness.
-	 * Try TMP_MAX different filenames.
-	 */
-	gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
-	value = ((size_t)(tv.tv_usec << 16)) ^ tv.tv_sec ^ getpid();
-	template = &pattern[len - 6 - suffix_len];
-	for (count = 0; count < TMP_MAX; ++count) {
-		uint64_t v = value;
-		/* Fill in the random bits. */
-		template[0] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
-		template[1] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
-		template[2] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
-		template[3] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
-		template[4] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
-		template[5] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
-
-		fd = open(pattern, O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_RDWR, mode);
-		if (fd > 0)
-			return fd;
-		/*
-		 * Fatal error (EPERM, ENOSPC etc).
-		 * It doesn't make sense to loop.
-		 */
-		if (errno != EEXIST)
-			break;
-		/*
-		 * This is a random value.  It is only necessary that
-		 * the next TMP_MAX values generated by adding 7777 to
-		 * VALUE are different with (module 2^32).
-		 */
-		value += 7777;
-	}
-	/* We return the null string if we can't find a unique file name.  */
-	pattern[0] = '\0';
-	return -1;
-}
-
-int git_mkstemp_mode(char *pattern, int mode)
-{
-	/* mkstemp is just mkstemps with no suffix */
-	return git_mkstemps_mode(pattern, 0, mode);
-}
-
-int gitmkstemps(char *pattern, int suffix_len)
-{
-	return git_mkstemps_mode(pattern, suffix_len, 0600);
-}
-
 int validate_headref(const char *path)
 {
 	struct stat st;
@@ -510,7 +397,7 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-const char *make_relative_path(const char *abs, const char *base)
+const char *relative_path(const char *abs, const char *base)
 {
 	static char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
 	int i = 0, j = 0;
diff --git a/perl/Git.pm b/perl/Git.pm
index 205e48a..a86ab70 100644
--- a/perl/Git.pm
+++ b/perl/Git.pm
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 
 use Carp qw(carp croak); # but croak is bad - throw instead
 use Error qw(:try);
-use Cwd qw(abs_path);
+use Cwd qw(abs_path cwd);
 use IPC::Open2 qw(open2);
 use Fcntl qw(SEEK_SET SEEK_CUR);
 }
@@ -396,7 +396,16 @@
 
 sub command_bidi_pipe {
 	my ($pid, $in, $out);
+	my ($self) = _maybe_self(@_);
+	local %ENV = %ENV;
+	my $cwd_save = undef;
+	if ($self) {
+		shift;
+		$cwd_save = cwd();
+		_setup_git_cmd_env($self);
+	}
 	$pid = open2($in, $out, 'git', @_);
+	chdir($cwd_save) if $cwd_save;
 	return ($pid, $in, $out, join(' ', @_));
 }
 
@@ -843,7 +852,7 @@
 
 	($self->{hash_object_pid}, $self->{hash_object_in},
 	 $self->{hash_object_out}, $self->{hash_object_ctx}) =
-		command_bidi_pipe(qw(hash-object -w --stdin-paths --no-filters));
+		$self->command_bidi_pipe(qw(hash-object -w --stdin-paths --no-filters));
 }
 
 sub _close_hash_and_insert_object {
@@ -932,7 +941,7 @@
 
 	($self->{cat_blob_pid}, $self->{cat_blob_in},
 	 $self->{cat_blob_out}, $self->{cat_blob_ctx}) =
-		command_bidi_pipe(qw(cat-file --batch));
+		$self->command_bidi_pipe(qw(cat-file --batch));
 }
 
 sub _close_cat_blob {
@@ -1279,6 +1288,14 @@
 # for the given repository and execute the git command.
 sub _cmd_exec {
 	my ($self, @args) = @_;
+	_setup_git_cmd_env($self);
+	_execv_git_cmd(@args);
+	die qq[exec "@args" failed: $!];
+}
+
+# set up the appropriate state for git command
+sub _setup_git_cmd_env {
+	my $self = shift;
 	if ($self) {
 		$self->repo_path() and $ENV{'GIT_DIR'} = $self->repo_path();
 		$self->repo_path() and $self->wc_path()
@@ -1286,8 +1303,6 @@
 		$self->wc_path() and chdir($self->wc_path());
 		$self->wc_subdir() and chdir($self->wc_subdir());
 	}
-	_execv_git_cmd(@args);
-	die qq[exec "@args" failed: $!];
 }
 
 # Execute the given Git command ($_[0]) with arguments ($_[1..])
diff --git a/pkt-line.c b/pkt-line.c
index 295ba2b..5a04984 100644
--- a/pkt-line.c
+++ b/pkt-line.c
@@ -1,6 +1,51 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 
+static const char *packet_trace_prefix = "git";
+static const char trace_key[] = "GIT_TRACE_PACKET";
+
+void packet_trace_identity(const char *prog)
+{
+	packet_trace_prefix = xstrdup(prog);
+}
+
+static void packet_trace(const char *buf, unsigned int len, int write)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct strbuf out;
+
+	if (!trace_want(trace_key))
+		return;
+
+	/* +32 is just a guess for header + quoting */
+	strbuf_init(&out, len+32);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&out, "packet: %12s%c ",
+		    packet_trace_prefix, write ? '>' : '<');
+
+	if ((len >= 4 && !prefixcmp(buf, "PACK")) ||
+	    (len >= 5 && !prefixcmp(buf+1, "PACK"))) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&out, "PACK ...");
+		unsetenv(trace_key);
+	}
+	else {
+		/* XXX we should really handle printable utf8 */
+		for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+			/* suppress newlines */
+			if (buf[i] == '\n')
+				continue;
+			if (buf[i] >= 0x20 && buf[i] <= 0x7e)
+				strbuf_addch(&out, buf[i]);
+			else
+				strbuf_addf(&out, "\\%o", buf[i]);
+		}
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addch(&out, '\n');
+	trace_strbuf(trace_key, &out);
+	strbuf_release(&out);
+}
+
 /*
  * Write a packetized stream, where each line is preceded by
  * its length (including the header) as a 4-byte hex number.
@@ -39,11 +84,13 @@
  */
 void packet_flush(int fd)
 {
+	packet_trace("0000", 4, 1);
 	safe_write(fd, "0000", 4);
 }
 
 void packet_buf_flush(struct strbuf *buf)
 {
+	packet_trace("0000", 4, 1);
 	strbuf_add(buf, "0000", 4);
 }
 
@@ -62,6 +109,7 @@
 	buffer[1] = hex(n >> 8);
 	buffer[2] = hex(n >> 4);
 	buffer[3] = hex(n);
+	packet_trace(buffer+4, n-4, 1);
 	return n;
 }
 
@@ -130,13 +178,16 @@
 	len = packet_length(linelen);
 	if (len < 0)
 		die("protocol error: bad line length character: %.4s", linelen);
-	if (!len)
+	if (!len) {
+		packet_trace("0000", 4, 0);
 		return 0;
+	}
 	len -= 4;
 	if (len >= size)
 		die("protocol error: bad line length %d", len);
 	safe_read(fd, buffer, len);
 	buffer[len] = 0;
+	packet_trace(buffer, len, 0);
 	return len;
 }
 
@@ -153,6 +204,7 @@
 	if (!len) {
 		*src_buf += 4;
 		*src_len -= 4;
+		packet_trace("0000", 4, 0);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (*src_len < len)
@@ -165,5 +217,6 @@
 	strbuf_add(out, *src_buf, len);
 	*src_buf += len;
 	*src_len -= len;
+	packet_trace(out->buf, out->len, 0);
 	return len;
 }
diff --git a/po/.gitignore b/po/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a242a86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/po/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/git.pot
diff --git a/preload-index.c b/preload-index.c
index e3d0bda..49cb08d 100644
--- a/preload-index.c
+++ b/preload-index.c
@@ -35,7 +35,9 @@
 	struct index_state *index = p->index;
 	struct cache_entry **cep = index->cache + p->offset;
 	struct cache_def cache;
+	struct pathspec pathspec;
 
+	init_pathspec(&pathspec, p->pathspec);
 	memset(&cache, 0, sizeof(cache));
 	nr = p->nr;
 	if (nr + p->offset > index->cache_nr)
@@ -51,7 +53,7 @@
 			continue;
 		if (ce_uptodate(ce))
 			continue;
-		if (!ce_path_match(ce, p->pathspec))
+		if (!ce_path_match(ce, &pathspec))
 			continue;
 		if (threaded_has_symlink_leading_path(&cache, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce)))
 			continue;
@@ -61,6 +63,7 @@
 			continue;
 		ce_mark_uptodate(ce);
 	} while (--nr > 0);
+	free_pathspec(&pathspec);
 	return NULL;
 }
 
diff --git a/pretty.c b/pretty.c
index f85444b..7d23c1f 100644
--- a/pretty.c
+++ b/pretty.c
@@ -208,6 +208,58 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int is_rfc822_special(char ch)
+{
+	switch (ch) {
+	case '(':
+	case ')':
+	case '<':
+	case '>':
+	case '[':
+	case ']':
+	case ':':
+	case ';':
+	case '@':
+	case ',':
+	case '.':
+	case '"':
+	case '\\':
+		return 1;
+	default:
+		return 0;
+	}
+}
+
+static int has_rfc822_specials(const char *s, int len)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
+		if (is_rfc822_special(s[i]))
+			return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void add_rfc822_quoted(struct strbuf *out, const char *s, int len)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	/* just a guess, we may have to also backslash-quote */
+	strbuf_grow(out, len + 2);
+
+	strbuf_addch(out, '"');
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		switch (s[i]) {
+		case '"':
+		case '\\':
+			strbuf_addch(out, '\\');
+			/* fall through */
+		default:
+			strbuf_addch(out, s[i]);
+		}
+	}
+	strbuf_addch(out, '"');
+}
+
 static int is_rfc2047_special(char ch)
 {
 	return (non_ascii(ch) || (ch == '=') || (ch == '?') || (ch == '_'));
@@ -216,36 +268,53 @@
 static void add_rfc2047(struct strbuf *sb, const char *line, int len,
 		       const char *encoding)
 {
-	int i, last;
+	static const int max_length = 78; /* per rfc2822 */
+	int i;
+	int line_len;
+
+	/* How many bytes are already used on the current line? */
+	for (i = sb->len - 1; i >= 0; i--)
+		if (sb->buf[i] == '\n')
+			break;
+	line_len = sb->len - (i+1);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 		int ch = line[i];
-		if (non_ascii(ch))
+		if (non_ascii(ch) || ch == '\n')
 			goto needquote;
 		if ((i + 1 < len) && (ch == '=' && line[i+1] == '?'))
 			goto needquote;
 	}
-	strbuf_add(sb, line, len);
+	strbuf_add_wrapped_bytes(sb, line, len, 0, 1, max_length - line_len);
 	return;
 
 needquote:
 	strbuf_grow(sb, len * 3 + strlen(encoding) + 100);
 	strbuf_addf(sb, "=?%s?q?", encoding);
-	for (i = last = 0; i < len; i++) {
+	line_len += strlen(encoding) + 5; /* 5 for =??q? */
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 		unsigned ch = line[i] & 0xFF;
+
+		if (line_len >= max_length - 2) {
+			strbuf_addf(sb, "?=\n =?%s?q?", encoding);
+			line_len = strlen(encoding) + 5 + 1; /* =??q? plus SP */
+		}
+
 		/*
 		 * We encode ' ' using '=20' even though rfc2047
 		 * allows using '_' for readability.  Unfortunately,
 		 * many programs do not understand this and just
 		 * leave the underscore in place.
 		 */
-		if (is_rfc2047_special(ch) || ch == ' ') {
-			strbuf_add(sb, line + last, i - last);
+		if (is_rfc2047_special(ch) || ch == ' ' || ch == '\n') {
 			strbuf_addf(sb, "=%02X", ch);
-			last = i + 1;
+			line_len += 3;
+		}
+		else {
+			strbuf_addch(sb, ch);
+			line_len++;
 		}
 	}
-	strbuf_add(sb, line + last, len - last);
 	strbuf_addstr(sb, "?=");
 }
 
@@ -276,7 +345,14 @@
 			name_tail--;
 		display_name_length = name_tail - line;
 		strbuf_addstr(sb, "From: ");
-		add_rfc2047(sb, line, display_name_length, encoding);
+		if (!has_rfc822_specials(line, display_name_length)) {
+			add_rfc2047(sb, line, display_name_length, encoding);
+		} else {
+			struct strbuf quoted = STRBUF_INIT;
+			add_rfc822_quoted(&quoted, line, display_name_length);
+			add_rfc2047(sb, quoted.buf, quoted.len, encoding);
+			strbuf_release(&quoted);
+		}
 		strbuf_add(sb, name_tail, namelen - display_name_length);
 		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
 	} else {
@@ -403,8 +479,8 @@
 	return strbuf_detach(&tmp, NULL);
 }
 
-static char *logmsg_reencode(const struct commit *commit,
-			     const char *output_encoding)
+char *logmsg_reencode(const struct commit *commit,
+		      const char *output_encoding)
 {
 	static const char *utf8 = "UTF-8";
 	const char *use_encoding;
@@ -555,6 +631,7 @@
 	const struct pretty_print_context *pretty_ctx;
 	unsigned commit_header_parsed:1;
 	unsigned commit_message_parsed:1;
+	char *message;
 	size_t width, indent1, indent2;
 
 	/* These offsets are relative to the start of the commit message. */
@@ -591,7 +668,7 @@
 
 static void parse_commit_header(struct format_commit_context *context)
 {
-	const char *msg = context->commit->buffer;
+	const char *msg = context->message;
 	int i;
 
 	for (i = 0; msg[i]; i++) {
@@ -677,8 +754,8 @@
 
 static void parse_commit_message(struct format_commit_context *c)
 {
-	const char *msg = c->commit->buffer + c->message_off;
-	const char *start = c->commit->buffer;
+	const char *msg = c->message + c->message_off;
+	const char *start = c->message;
 
 	msg = skip_empty_lines(msg);
 	c->subject_off = msg - start;
@@ -741,7 +818,7 @@
 {
 	struct format_commit_context *c = context;
 	const struct commit *commit = c->commit;
-	const char *msg = commit->buffer;
+	const char *msg = c->message;
 	struct commit_list *p;
 	int h1, h2;
 
@@ -858,11 +935,7 @@
 		                              c->abbrev_parent_hashes.off;
 		return 1;
 	case 'm':		/* left/right/bottom */
-		strbuf_addch(sb, (commit->object.flags & BOUNDARY)
-		                 ? '-'
-		                 : (commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT)
-		                 ? '<'
-		                 : '>');
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, get_revision_mark(NULL, commit));
 		return 1;
 	case 'd':
 		format_decoration(sb, commit);
@@ -886,8 +959,7 @@
 	case 'N':
 		if (c->pretty_ctx->show_notes) {
 			format_display_notes(commit->object.sha1, sb,
-				    git_log_output_encoding ? git_log_output_encoding
-							    : git_commit_encoding, 0);
+				    get_log_output_encoding(), 0);
 			return 1;
 		}
 		return 0;
@@ -1003,7 +1075,7 @@
 			return;
 		fmt = user_format;
 	}
-	strbuf_expand(&dummy, user_format, userformat_want_item, w);
+	strbuf_expand(&dummy, fmt, userformat_want_item, w);
 	strbuf_release(&dummy);
 }
 
@@ -1012,13 +1084,27 @@
 			   const struct pretty_print_context *pretty_ctx)
 {
 	struct format_commit_context context;
+	static const char utf8[] = "UTF-8";
+	const char *enc;
+	const char *output_enc = pretty_ctx->output_encoding;
 
 	memset(&context, 0, sizeof(context));
 	context.commit = commit;
 	context.pretty_ctx = pretty_ctx;
 	context.wrap_start = sb->len;
+	context.message = commit->buffer;
+	if (output_enc) {
+		enc = get_header(commit, "encoding");
+		enc = enc ? enc : utf8;
+		if (strcmp(enc, output_enc))
+			context.message = logmsg_reencode(commit, output_enc);
+	}
+
 	strbuf_expand(sb, format, format_commit_item, &context);
 	rewrap_message_tail(sb, &context, 0, 0, 0);
+
+	if (context.message != commit->buffer)
+		free(context.message);
 }
 
 static void pp_header(enum cmit_fmt fmt,
@@ -1092,11 +1178,10 @@
 		   const char *encoding,
 		   int need_8bit_cte)
 {
-	const char *line_separator = (fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL) ? "\n " : " ";
 	struct strbuf title;
 
 	strbuf_init(&title, 80);
-	*msg_p = format_subject(&title, *msg_p, line_separator);
+	*msg_p = format_subject(&title, *msg_p, " ");
 
 	strbuf_grow(sb, title.len + 1024);
 	if (subject) {
@@ -1159,11 +1244,7 @@
 {
 	const char *encoding;
 
-	encoding = (git_log_output_encoding
-		    ? git_log_output_encoding
-		    : git_commit_encoding);
-	if (!encoding)
-		encoding = "UTF-8";
+	encoding = get_log_output_encoding();
 	if (encoding_p)
 		*encoding_p = encoding;
 	return logmsg_reencode(commit, encoding);
diff --git a/quote.h b/quote.h
index 38003bf..024e21d 100644
--- a/quote.h
+++ b/quote.h
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef QUOTE_H
 #define QUOTE_H
 
-#include <stddef.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
+struct strbuf;
 
 /* Help to copy the thing properly quoted for the shell safety.
  * any single quote is replaced with '\'', any exclamation point
diff --git a/reachable.c b/reachable.c
index a03fabf..3fc6b1d 100644
--- a/reachable.c
+++ b/reachable.c
@@ -70,16 +70,11 @@
 static void process_tag(struct tag *tag, struct object_array *p, const char *name)
 {
 	struct object *obj = &tag->object;
-	struct name_path me;
 
 	if (obj->flags & SEEN)
 		return;
 	obj->flags |= SEEN;
 
-	me.up = NULL;
-	me.elem = "tag:/";
-	me.elem_len = 5;
-
 	if (parse_tag(tag) < 0)
 		die("bad tag object %s", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 	if (tag->tagged)
diff --git a/read-cache.c b/read-cache.c
index 1f42473..f38471c 100644
--- a/read-cache.c
+++ b/read-cache.c
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
 
 	if (fd >= 0) {
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		if (!index_fd(sha1, fd, st, 0, OBJ_BLOB, ce->name))
+		if (!index_fd(sha1, fd, st, 0, OBJ_BLOB, ce->name, 0))
 			match = hashcmp(sha1, ce->sha1);
 		/* index_fd() closed the file descriptor already */
 	}
@@ -608,6 +608,29 @@
 		ce->ce_mode = ce_mode_from_stat(ent, st_mode);
 	}
 
+	/* When core.ignorecase=true, determine if a directory of the same name but differing
+	 * case already exists within the Git repository.  If it does, ensure the directory
+	 * case of the file being added to the repository matches (is folded into) the existing
+	 * entry's directory case.
+	 */
+	if (ignore_case) {
+		const char *startPtr = ce->name;
+		const char *ptr = startPtr;
+		while (*ptr) {
+			while (*ptr && *ptr != '/')
+				++ptr;
+			if (*ptr == '/') {
+				struct cache_entry *foundce;
+				++ptr;
+				foundce = index_name_exists(&the_index, ce->name, ptr - ce->name, ignore_case);
+				if (foundce) {
+					memcpy((void *)startPtr, foundce->name + (startPtr - ce->name), ptr - startPtr);
+					startPtr = ptr;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	alias = index_name_exists(istate, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), ignore_case);
 	if (alias && !ce_stage(alias) && !ie_match_stat(istate, alias, st, ce_option)) {
 		/* Nothing changed, really */
@@ -683,30 +706,9 @@
 	return ce_namelen(b) == len && !memcmp(a->name, b->name, len);
 }
 
-int ce_path_match(const struct cache_entry *ce, const char **pathspec)
+int ce_path_match(const struct cache_entry *ce, const struct pathspec *pathspec)
 {
-	const char *match, *name;
-	int len;
-
-	if (!pathspec)
-		return 1;
-
-	len = ce_namelen(ce);
-	name = ce->name;
-	while ((match = *pathspec++) != NULL) {
-		int matchlen = strlen(match);
-		if (matchlen > len)
-			continue;
-		if (memcmp(name, match, matchlen))
-			continue;
-		if (matchlen && name[matchlen-1] == '/')
-			return 1;
-		if (name[matchlen] == '/' || !name[matchlen])
-			return 1;
-		if (!matchlen)
-			return 1;
-	}
-	return 0;
+	return match_pathspec_depth(pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, NULL);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1081,7 +1083,7 @@
 }
 
 static void show_file(const char * fmt, const char * name, int in_porcelain,
-		      int * first, char *header_msg)
+		      int * first, const char *header_msg)
 {
 	if (in_porcelain && *first && header_msg) {
 		printf("%s\n", header_msg);
@@ -1091,7 +1093,7 @@
 }
 
 int refresh_index(struct index_state *istate, unsigned int flags, const char **pathspec,
-		  char *seen, char *header_msg)
+		  char *seen, const char *header_msg)
 {
 	int i;
 	int has_errors = 0;
@@ -1545,6 +1547,31 @@
 	return result;
 }
 
+static int has_racy_timestamp(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	int entries = istate->cache_nr;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
+		if (is_racy_timestamp(istate, ce))
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Opportunisticly update the index but do not complain if we can't
+ */
+void update_index_if_able(struct index_state *istate, struct lock_file *lockfile)
+{
+	if ((istate->cache_changed || has_racy_timestamp(istate)) &&
+	    !write_index(istate, lockfile->fd))
+		commit_locked_index(lockfile);
+	else
+		rollback_lock_file(lockfile);
+}
+
 int write_index(struct index_state *istate, int newfd)
 {
 	git_SHA_CTX c;
diff --git a/reflog-walk.c b/reflog-walk.c
index 4879615..5d81d39 100644
--- a/reflog-walk.c
+++ b/reflog-walk.c
@@ -239,7 +239,6 @@
 
 	commit->parents = xcalloc(sizeof(struct commit_list), 1);
 	commit->parents->item = commit_info->commit;
-	commit->object.flags &= ~(ADDED | SEEN | SHOWN);
 }
 
 void get_reflog_selector(struct strbuf *sb,
diff --git a/remote-curl.c b/remote-curl.c
index 04d4813..775d614 100644
--- a/remote-curl.c
+++ b/remote-curl.c
@@ -356,14 +356,59 @@
 	return size;
 }
 
+static int run_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	struct slot_results results;
+
+	slot->results = &results;
+	slot->curl_result = curl_easy_perform(slot->curl);
+	finish_active_slot(slot);
+
+	if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
+		err |= error("RPC failed; result=%d, HTTP code = %ld",
+			results.curl_result, results.http_code);
+	}
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int probe_rpc(struct rpc_state *rpc)
+{
+	struct active_request_slot *slot;
+	struct curl_slist *headers = NULL;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err;
+
+	slot = get_active_slot();
+
+	headers = curl_slist_append(headers, rpc->hdr_content_type);
+	headers = curl_slist_append(headers, rpc->hdr_accept);
+
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 0);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, rpc->service_url);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_ENCODING, "");
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, "0000");
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDSIZE, 4);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, headers);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_buffer);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, &buf);
+
+	err = run_slot(slot);
+
+	curl_slist_free_all(headers);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return err;
+}
+
 static int post_rpc(struct rpc_state *rpc)
 {
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	struct slot_results results;
 	struct curl_slist *headers = NULL;
 	int use_gzip = rpc->gzip_request;
 	char *gzip_body = NULL;
-	int err = 0, large_request = 0;
+	int err, large_request = 0;
 
 	/* Try to load the entire request, if we can fit it into the
 	 * allocated buffer space we can use HTTP/1.0 and avoid the
@@ -386,8 +431,13 @@
 		rpc->len += n;
 	}
 
+	if (large_request) {
+		err = probe_rpc(rpc);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	}
+
 	slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->results = &results;
 
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 0);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
@@ -396,12 +446,12 @@
 
 	headers = curl_slist_append(headers, rpc->hdr_content_type);
 	headers = curl_slist_append(headers, rpc->hdr_accept);
+	headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Expect:");
 
 	if (large_request) {
 		/* The request body is large and the size cannot be predicted.
 		 * We must use chunked encoding to send it.
 		 */
-		headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Expect: 100-continue");
 		headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Transfer-Encoding: chunked");
 		rpc->initial_buffer = 1;
 		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, rpc_out);
@@ -475,13 +525,7 @@
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, rpc_in);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, rpc);
 
-	slot->curl_result = curl_easy_perform(slot->curl);
-	finish_active_slot(slot);
-
-	if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
-		err |= error("RPC failed; result=%d, HTTP code = %ld",
-			results.curl_result, results.http_code);
-	}
+	err = run_slot(slot);
 
 	curl_slist_free_all(headers);
 	free(gzip_body);
diff --git a/remote.c b/remote.c
index 9143ec7..ca42a12 100644
--- a/remote.c
+++ b/remote.c
@@ -493,7 +493,7 @@
 }
 
 /*
- * We need to make sure the tracking branches are well formed, but a
+ * We need to make sure the remote-tracking branches are well formed, but a
  * wildcard refspec in "struct refspec" must have a trailing slash. We
  * temporarily drop the trailing '/' while calling check_ref_format(),
  * and put it back.  The caller knows that a CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ONELEVEL
diff --git a/replace_object.c b/replace_object.c
index eb59604..7c6c754 100644
--- a/replace_object.c
+++ b/replace_object.c
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "sha1-lookup.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "commit.h"
 
 static struct replace_object {
 	unsigned char sha1[2][20];
diff --git a/rerere.c b/rerere.c
index d260843..6ec452f 100644
--- a/rerere.c
+++ b/rerere.c
@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@
 #include "ll-merge.h"
 #include "attr.h"
 
+#define RESOLVED 0
+#define PUNTED 1
+#define THREE_STAGED 2
+void *RERERE_RESOLVED = &RERERE_RESOLVED;
+
 /* if rerere_enabled == -1, fall back to detection of .git/rr-cache */
 static int rerere_enabled = -1;
 
@@ -42,8 +47,14 @@
 		name = xstrdup(buf);
 		if (fgetc(in) != '\t')
 			die("corrupt MERGE_RR");
-		for (i = 0; i < sizeof(buf) && (buf[i] = fgetc(in)); i++)
-			; /* do nothing */
+		for (i = 0; i < sizeof(buf); i++) {
+			int c = fgetc(in);
+			if (c < 0)
+				die("corrupt MERGE_RR");
+			buf[i] = c;
+			if (c == 0)
+				 break;
+		}
 		if (i == sizeof(buf))
 			die("filename too long");
 		string_list_insert(rr, buf)->util = name;
@@ -345,21 +356,74 @@
 	return hunk_no;
 }
 
+static int check_one_conflict(int i, int *type)
+{
+	struct cache_entry *e = active_cache[i];
+
+	if (!ce_stage(e)) {
+		*type = RESOLVED;
+		return i + 1;
+	}
+
+	*type = PUNTED;
+	if (ce_stage(e) == 1) {
+		if (active_nr <= ++i)
+			return i + 1;
+	}
+
+	/* Only handle regular files with both stages #2 and #3 */
+	if (i + 1 < active_nr) {
+		struct cache_entry *e2 = active_cache[i];
+		struct cache_entry *e3 = active_cache[i + 1];
+		if (ce_stage(e2) == 2 &&
+		    ce_stage(e3) == 3 &&
+		    ce_same_name(e, e3) &&
+		    S_ISREG(e2->ce_mode) &&
+		    S_ISREG(e3->ce_mode))
+			*type = THREE_STAGED;
+	}
+
+	/* Skip the entries with the same name */
+	while (i < active_nr && ce_same_name(e, active_cache[i]))
+		i++;
+	return i;
+}
+
 static int find_conflict(struct string_list *conflict)
 {
 	int i;
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
 		return error("Could not read index");
-	for (i = 0; i+1 < active_nr; i++) {
-		struct cache_entry *e2 = active_cache[i];
-		struct cache_entry *e3 = active_cache[i+1];
-		if (ce_stage(e2) == 2 &&
-		    ce_stage(e3) == 3 &&
-		    ce_same_name(e2, e3) &&
-		    S_ISREG(e2->ce_mode) &&
-		    S_ISREG(e3->ce_mode)) {
-			string_list_insert(conflict, (const char *)e2->name);
-			i++; /* skip over both #2 and #3 */
+
+	for (i = 0; i < active_nr;) {
+		int conflict_type;
+		struct cache_entry *e = active_cache[i];
+		i = check_one_conflict(i, &conflict_type);
+		if (conflict_type == THREE_STAGED)
+			string_list_insert(conflict, (const char *)e->name);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int rerere_remaining(struct string_list *merge_rr)
+{
+	int i;
+	if (read_cache() < 0)
+		return error("Could not read index");
+
+	for (i = 0; i < active_nr;) {
+		int conflict_type;
+		struct cache_entry *e = active_cache[i];
+		i = check_one_conflict(i, &conflict_type);
+		if (conflict_type == PUNTED)
+			string_list_insert(merge_rr, (const char *)e->name);
+		else if (conflict_type == RESOLVED) {
+			struct string_list_item *it;
+			it = string_list_lookup(merge_rr, (const char *)e->name);
+			if (it != NULL) {
+				free(it->util);
+				it->util = RERERE_RESOLVED;
+			}
 		}
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -380,7 +444,7 @@
 		ret = 1;
 		goto out;
 	}
-	ret = ll_merge(&result, path, &base, NULL, &cur, "", &other, "", 0);
+	ret = ll_merge(&result, path, &base, NULL, &cur, "", &other, "", NULL);
 	if (!ret) {
 		FILE *f;
 
@@ -532,8 +596,7 @@
 	if (rerere_enabled < 0)
 		return rr_cache_exists;
 
-	if (!rr_cache_exists &&
-	    (mkdir(rr_cache, 0777) || adjust_shared_perm(rr_cache)))
+	if (!rr_cache_exists && mkdir_in_gitdir(rr_cache))
 		die("Could not create directory %s", rr_cache);
 	return 1;
 }
diff --git a/rerere.h b/rerere.h
index eaa9004..595f49f 100644
--- a/rerere.h
+++ b/rerere.h
@@ -6,11 +6,19 @@
 #define RERERE_AUTOUPDATE   01
 #define RERERE_NOAUTOUPDATE 02
 
+/*
+ * Marks paths that have been hand-resolved and added to the
+ * index. Set in the util field of such paths after calling
+ * rerere_remaining.
+ */
+extern void *RERERE_RESOLVED;
+
 extern int setup_rerere(struct string_list *, int);
 extern int rerere(int);
 extern const char *rerere_path(const char *hex, const char *file);
 extern int has_rerere_resolution(const char *hex);
 extern int rerere_forget(const char **);
+extern int rerere_remaining(struct string_list *);
 
 #define OPT_RERERE_AUTOUPDATE(v) OPT_UYN(0, "rerere-autoupdate", (v), \
 	"update the index with reused conflict resolution if possible")
diff --git a/revision.c b/revision.c
index b1c1890..707a703 100644
--- a/revision.c
+++ b/revision.c
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@
 		 * tagged commit by specifying both --simplify-by-decoration
 		 * and pathspec.
 		 */
-		if (!revs->prune_data)
+		if (!revs->prune_data.nr)
 			return REV_TREE_SAME;
 	}
 
@@ -444,15 +444,15 @@
 	commit->object.flags |= TREESAME;
 }
 
-static void insert_by_date_cached(struct commit *p, struct commit_list **head,
+static void commit_list_insert_by_date_cached(struct commit *p, struct commit_list **head,
 		    struct commit_list *cached_base, struct commit_list **cache)
 {
 	struct commit_list *new_entry;
 
 	if (cached_base && p->date < cached_base->item->date)
-		new_entry = insert_by_date(p, &cached_base->next);
+		new_entry = commit_list_insert_by_date(p, &cached_base->next);
 	else
-		new_entry = insert_by_date(p, head);
+		new_entry = commit_list_insert_by_date(p, head);
 
 	if (cache && (!*cache || p->date < (*cache)->item->date))
 		*cache = new_entry;
@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@
 			if (p->object.flags & SEEN)
 				continue;
 			p->object.flags |= SEEN;
-			insert_by_date_cached(p, list, cached_base, cache_ptr);
+			commit_list_insert_by_date_cached(p, list, cached_base, cache_ptr);
 		}
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -521,7 +521,7 @@
 		p->object.flags |= left_flag;
 		if (!(p->object.flags & SEEN)) {
 			p->object.flags |= SEEN;
-			insert_by_date_cached(p, list, cached_base, cache_ptr);
+			commit_list_insert_by_date_cached(p, list, cached_base, cache_ptr);
 		}
 		if (revs->first_parent_only)
 			break;
@@ -535,6 +535,7 @@
 	int left_count = 0, right_count = 0;
 	int left_first;
 	struct patch_ids ids;
+	unsigned cherry_flag;
 
 	/* First count the commits on the left and on the right */
 	for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
@@ -553,11 +554,7 @@
 
 	left_first = left_count < right_count;
 	init_patch_ids(&ids);
-	if (revs->diffopt.nr_paths) {
-		ids.diffopts.nr_paths = revs->diffopt.nr_paths;
-		ids.diffopts.paths = revs->diffopt.paths;
-		ids.diffopts.pathlens = revs->diffopt.pathlens;
-	}
+	ids.diffopts.pathspec = revs->diffopt.pathspec;
 
 	/* Compute patch-ids for one side */
 	for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
@@ -576,6 +573,9 @@
 		commit->util = add_commit_patch_id(commit, &ids);
 	}
 
+	/* either cherry_mark or cherry_pick are true */
+	cherry_flag = revs->cherry_mark ? PATCHSAME : SHOWN;
+
 	/* Check the other side */
 	for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
 		struct commit *commit = p->item;
@@ -598,7 +598,7 @@
 		if (!id)
 			continue;
 		id->seen = 1;
-		commit->object.flags |= SHOWN;
+		commit->object.flags |= cherry_flag;
 	}
 
 	/* Now check the original side for seen ones */
@@ -610,7 +610,7 @@
 		if (!ent)
 			continue;
 		if (ent->seen)
-			commit->object.flags |= SHOWN;
+			commit->object.flags |= cherry_flag;
 		commit->util = NULL;
 	}
 
@@ -733,6 +733,23 @@
 	return bottom;
 }
 
+/* Assumes either left_only or right_only is set */
+static void limit_left_right(struct commit_list *list, struct rev_info *revs)
+{
+	struct commit_list *p;
+
+	for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
+		struct commit *commit = p->item;
+
+		if (revs->right_only) {
+			if (commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT)
+				commit->object.flags |= SHOWN;
+		} else	/* revs->left_only is set */
+			if (!(commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT))
+				commit->object.flags |= SHOWN;
+	}
+}
+
 static int limit_list(struct rev_info *revs)
 {
 	int slop = SLOP;
@@ -785,9 +802,12 @@
 		show(revs, newlist);
 		show_early_output = NULL;
 	}
-	if (revs->cherry_pick)
+	if (revs->cherry_pick || revs->cherry_mark)
 		cherry_pick_list(newlist, revs);
 
+	if (revs->left_only || revs->right_only)
+		limit_left_right(newlist, revs);
+
 	if (bottom) {
 		limit_to_ancestry(bottom, newlist);
 		free_commit_list(bottom);
@@ -921,6 +941,7 @@
 	revs->min_age = -1;
 	revs->skip_count = -1;
 	revs->max_count = -1;
+	revs->max_parents = -1;
 
 	revs->commit_format = CMIT_FMT_DEFAULT;
 
@@ -973,7 +994,7 @@
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
 		if (!ce_stage(ce))
 			continue;
-		if (ce_path_match(ce, revs->prune_data)) {
+		if (ce_path_match(ce, &revs->prune_data)) {
 			prune_num++;
 			prune = xrealloc(prune, sizeof(*prune) * prune_num);
 			prune[prune_num-2] = ce->name;
@@ -983,7 +1004,8 @@
 		       ce_same_name(ce, active_cache[i+1]))
 			i++;
 	}
-	revs->prune_data = prune;
+	free_pathspec(&revs->prune_data);
+	init_pathspec(&revs->prune_data, prune);
 	revs->limited = 1;
 }
 
@@ -1074,35 +1096,34 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void read_pathspec_from_stdin(struct rev_info *revs, struct strbuf *sb, const char ***prune_data)
+struct cmdline_pathspec {
+	int alloc;
+	int nr;
+	const char **path;
+};
+
+static void append_prune_data(struct cmdline_pathspec *prune, const char **av)
 {
-	const char **prune = *prune_data;
-	int prune_nr;
-	int prune_alloc;
+	while (*av) {
+		ALLOC_GROW(prune->path, prune->nr+1, prune->alloc);
+		prune->path[prune->nr++] = *(av++);
+	}
+}
 
-	/* count existing ones */
-	if (!prune)
-		prune_nr = 0;
-	else
-		for (prune_nr = 0; prune[prune_nr]; prune_nr++)
-			;
-	prune_alloc = prune_nr; /* not really, but we do not know */
-
+static void read_pathspec_from_stdin(struct rev_info *revs, struct strbuf *sb,
+				     struct cmdline_pathspec *prune)
+{
 	while (strbuf_getwholeline(sb, stdin, '\n') != EOF) {
 		int len = sb->len;
 		if (len && sb->buf[len - 1] == '\n')
 			sb->buf[--len] = '\0';
-		ALLOC_GROW(prune, prune_nr+1, prune_alloc);
-		prune[prune_nr++] = xstrdup(sb->buf);
+		ALLOC_GROW(prune->path, prune->nr+1, prune->alloc);
+		prune->path[prune->nr++] = xstrdup(sb->buf);
 	}
-	if (prune) {
-		ALLOC_GROW(prune, prune_nr+1, prune_alloc);
-		prune[prune_nr] = NULL;
-	}
-	*prune_data = prune;
 }
 
-static void read_revisions_from_stdin(struct rev_info *revs, const char ***prune)
+static void read_revisions_from_stdin(struct rev_info *revs,
+				      struct cmdline_pathspec *prune)
 {
 	struct strbuf sb;
 	int seen_dashdash = 0;
@@ -1256,16 +1277,47 @@
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--remove-empty")) {
 		revs->remove_empty_trees = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--merges")) {
-		revs->merges_only = 1;
+		revs->min_parents = 2;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-merges")) {
-		revs->no_merges = 1;
+		revs->max_parents = 1;
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--min-parents=")) {
+		revs->min_parents = atoi(arg+14);
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--no-min-parents")) {
+		revs->min_parents = 0;
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--max-parents=")) {
+		revs->max_parents = atoi(arg+14);
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--no-max-parents")) {
+		revs->max_parents = -1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--boundary")) {
 		revs->boundary = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--left-right")) {
 		revs->left_right = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--left-only")) {
+		if (revs->right_only)
+			die("--left-only is incompatible with --right-only"
+			    " or --cherry");
+		revs->left_only = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--right-only")) {
+		if (revs->left_only)
+			die("--right-only is incompatible with --left-only");
+		revs->right_only = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--cherry")) {
+		if (revs->left_only)
+			die("--cherry is incompatible with --left-only");
+		revs->cherry_mark = 1;
+		revs->right_only = 1;
+		revs->max_parents = 1;
+		revs->limited = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--count")) {
 		revs->count = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--cherry-mark")) {
+		if (revs->cherry_pick)
+			die("--cherry-mark is incompatible with --cherry-pick");
+		revs->cherry_mark = 1;
+		revs->limited = 1; /* needs limit_list() */
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--cherry-pick")) {
+		if (revs->cherry_mark)
+			die("--cherry-pick is incompatible with --cherry-mark");
 		revs->cherry_pick = 1;
 		revs->limited = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--objects")) {
@@ -1445,34 +1497,6 @@
 	return for_each_ref_in_submodule(submodule, "refs/bisect/good", fn, cb_data);
 }
 
-static void append_prune_data(const char ***prune_data, const char **av)
-{
-	const char **prune = *prune_data;
-	int prune_nr;
-	int prune_alloc;
-
-	if (!prune) {
-		*prune_data = av;
-		return;
-	}
-
-	/* count existing ones */
-	for (prune_nr = 0; prune[prune_nr]; prune_nr++)
-		;
-	prune_alloc = prune_nr; /* not really, but we do not know */
-
-	while (*av) {
-		ALLOC_GROW(prune, prune_nr+1, prune_alloc);
-		prune[prune_nr++] = *av;
-		av++;
-	}
-	if (prune) {
-		ALLOC_GROW(prune, prune_nr+1, prune_alloc);
-		prune[prune_nr] = NULL;
-	}
-	*prune_data = prune;
-}
-
 /*
  * Parse revision information, filling in the "rev_info" structure,
  * and removing the used arguments from the argument list.
@@ -1483,11 +1507,12 @@
 int setup_revisions(int argc, const char **argv, struct rev_info *revs, struct setup_revision_opt *opt)
 {
 	int i, flags, left, seen_dashdash, read_from_stdin, got_rev_arg = 0;
-	const char **prune_data = NULL;
+	struct cmdline_pathspec prune_data;
 	const char *submodule = NULL;
 	const char *optarg;
 	int argcount;
 
+	memset(&prune_data, 0, sizeof(prune_data));
 	if (opt)
 		submodule = opt->submodule;
 
@@ -1500,7 +1525,7 @@
 		argv[i] = NULL;
 		argc = i;
 		if (argv[i + 1])
-			prune_data = argv + i + 1;
+			append_prune_data(&prune_data, argv + i + 1);
 		seen_dashdash = 1;
 		break;
 	}
@@ -1619,8 +1644,12 @@
 			got_rev_arg = 1;
 	}
 
-	if (prune_data)
-		revs->prune_data = get_pathspec(revs->prefix, prune_data);
+	if (prune_data.nr) {
+		ALLOC_GROW(prune_data.path, prune_data.nr+1, prune_data.alloc);
+		prune_data.path[prune_data.nr++] = NULL;
+		init_pathspec(&revs->prune_data,
+			      get_pathspec(revs->prefix, prune_data.path));
+	}
 
 	if (revs->def == NULL)
 		revs->def = opt ? opt->def : NULL;
@@ -1651,13 +1680,13 @@
 	if (revs->topo_order)
 		revs->limited = 1;
 
-	if (revs->prune_data) {
-		diff_tree_setup_paths(revs->prune_data, &revs->pruning);
+	if (revs->prune_data.nr) {
+		diff_tree_setup_paths(revs->prune_data.raw, &revs->pruning);
 		/* Can't prune commits with rename following: the paths change.. */
 		if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs->diffopt, FOLLOW_RENAMES))
 			revs->prune = 1;
 		if (!revs->full_diff)
-			diff_tree_setup_paths(revs->prune_data, &revs->diffopt);
+			diff_tree_setup_paths(revs->prune_data.raw, &revs->diffopt);
 	}
 	if (revs->combine_merges)
 		revs->ignore_merges = 0;
@@ -1891,7 +1920,7 @@
 		if (commit) {
 			if (!(commit->object.flags & SEEN)) {
 				commit->object.flags |= SEEN;
-				insert_by_date(commit, &revs->commits);
+				commit_list_insert_by_date(commit, &revs->commits);
 			}
 		}
 		e++;
@@ -1985,10 +2014,15 @@
 		return commit_ignore;
 	if (revs->min_age != -1 && (commit->date > revs->min_age))
 		return commit_ignore;
-	if (revs->no_merges && commit->parents && commit->parents->next)
-		return commit_ignore;
-	if (revs->merges_only && !(commit->parents && commit->parents->next))
-		return commit_ignore;
+	if (revs->min_parents || (revs->max_parents >= 0)) {
+		int n = 0;
+		struct commit_list *p;
+		for (p = commit->parents; p; p = p->next)
+			n++;
+		if ((n < revs->min_parents) ||
+		    ((revs->max_parents >= 0) && (n > revs->max_parents)))
+			return commit_ignore;
+	}
 	if (!commit_match(commit, revs))
 		return commit_ignore;
 	if (revs->prune && revs->dense) {
@@ -2030,8 +2064,10 @@
 		revs->commits = entry->next;
 		free(entry);
 
-		if (revs->reflog_info)
+		if (revs->reflog_info) {
 			fake_reflog_parent(revs->reflog_info, commit);
+			commit->object.flags &= ~(ADDED | SEEN | SHOWN);
+		}
 
 		/*
 		 * If we haven't done the list limiting, we need to look at
@@ -2233,3 +2269,32 @@
 		graph_update(revs->graph, c);
 	return c;
 }
+
+char *get_revision_mark(const struct rev_info *revs, const struct commit *commit)
+{
+	if (commit->object.flags & BOUNDARY)
+		return "-";
+	else if (commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
+		return "^";
+	else if (commit->object.flags & PATCHSAME)
+		return "=";
+	else if (!revs || revs->left_right) {
+		if (commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT)
+			return "<";
+		else
+			return ">";
+	} else if (revs->graph)
+		return "*";
+	else if (revs->cherry_mark)
+		return "+";
+	return "";
+}
+
+void put_revision_mark(const struct rev_info *revs, const struct commit *commit)
+{
+	char *mark = get_revision_mark(revs, commit);
+	if (!strlen(mark))
+		return;
+	fputs(mark, stdout);
+	putchar(' ');
+}
diff --git a/revision.h b/revision.h
index 05659c6..9fd8f30 100644
--- a/revision.h
+++ b/revision.h
@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@
 #define CHILD_SHOWN	(1u<<6)
 #define ADDED		(1u<<7)	/* Parents already parsed and added? */
 #define SYMMETRIC_LEFT	(1u<<8)
-#define ALL_REV_FLAGS	((1u<<9)-1)
+#define PATCHSAME	(1u<<9)
+#define ALL_REV_FLAGS	((1u<<10)-1)
 
 #define DECORATE_SHORT_REFS	1
 #define DECORATE_FULL_REFS	2
@@ -34,14 +35,12 @@
 	/* Basic information */
 	const char *prefix;
 	const char *def;
-	void *prune_data;
+	struct pathspec prune_data;
 	unsigned int early_output;
 
 	/* Traversal flags */
 	unsigned int	dense:1,
 			prune:1,
-			no_merges:1,
-			merges_only:1,
 			no_walk:1,
 			show_all:1,
 			remove_empty_trees:1,
@@ -59,6 +58,8 @@
 			boundary:2,
 			count:1,
 			left_right:1,
+			left_only:1,
+			right_only:1,
 			rewrite_parents:1,
 			print_parents:1,
 			show_source:1,
@@ -66,6 +67,7 @@
 			reverse:1,
 			reverse_output_stage:1,
 			cherry_pick:1,
+			cherry_mark:1,
 			bisect:1,
 			ancestry_path:1,
 			first_parent_only:1;
@@ -122,6 +124,8 @@
 	int max_count;
 	unsigned long max_age;
 	unsigned long min_age;
+	int min_parents;
+	int max_parents;
 
 	/* diff info for patches and for paths limiting */
 	struct diff_options diffopt;
@@ -163,6 +167,8 @@
 
 extern int prepare_revision_walk(struct rev_info *revs);
 extern struct commit *get_revision(struct rev_info *revs);
+extern char *get_revision_mark(const struct rev_info *revs, const struct commit *commit);
+extern void put_revision_mark(const struct rev_info *revs, const struct commit *commit);
 
 extern void mark_parents_uninteresting(struct commit *commit);
 extern void mark_tree_uninteresting(struct tree *tree);
diff --git a/run-command.c b/run-command.c
index 2a1041e..70e8a24 100644
--- a/run-command.c
+++ b/run-command.c
@@ -67,21 +67,24 @@
 
 static void notify_parent(void)
 {
-	ssize_t unused;
-	unused = write(child_notifier, "", 1);
+	/*
+	 * execvp failed.  If possible, we'd like to let start_command
+	 * know, so failures like ENOENT can be handled right away; but
+	 * otherwise, finish_command will still report the error.
+	 */
+	xwrite(child_notifier, "", 1);
 }
 
 static NORETURN void die_child(const char *err, va_list params)
 {
 	char msg[4096];
-	ssize_t unused;
 	int len = vsnprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), err, params);
 	if (len > sizeof(msg))
 		len = sizeof(msg);
 
-	unused = write(child_err, "fatal: ", 7);
-	unused = write(child_err, msg, len);
-	unused = write(child_err, "\n", 1);
+	write_in_full(child_err, "fatal: ", 7);
+	write_in_full(child_err, msg, len);
+	write_in_full(child_err, "\n", 1);
 	exit(128);
 }
 #endif
@@ -194,6 +197,7 @@
 	}
 
 	trace_argv_printf(cmd->argv, "trace: run_command:");
+	fflush(NULL);
 
 #ifndef WIN32
 {
@@ -201,7 +205,6 @@
 	if (pipe(notify_pipe))
 		notify_pipe[0] = notify_pipe[1] = -1;
 
-	fflush(NULL);
 	cmd->pid = fork();
 	if (!cmd->pid) {
 		/*
diff --git a/send-pack.h b/send-pack.h
index 60b4ba6..05d7ab1 100644
--- a/send-pack.h
+++ b/send-pack.h
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 	unsigned verbose:1,
 		quiet:1,
 		porcelain:1,
+		progress:1,
 		send_mirror:1,
 		force_update:1,
 		use_thin_pack:1,
diff --git a/setup.c b/setup.c
index a3b76de..e7a3786 100644
--- a/setup.c
+++ b/setup.c
@@ -4,13 +4,16 @@
 static int inside_git_dir = -1;
 static int inside_work_tree = -1;
 
-const char *prefix_path(const char *prefix, int len, const char *path)
+char *prefix_path(const char *prefix, int len, const char *path)
 {
 	const char *orig = path;
-	char *sanitized = xmalloc(len + strlen(path) + 1);
-	if (is_absolute_path(orig))
-		strcpy(sanitized, path);
-	else {
+	char *sanitized;
+	if (is_absolute_path(orig)) {
+		const char *temp = real_path(path);
+		sanitized = xmalloc(len + strlen(temp) + 1);
+		strcpy(sanitized, temp);
+	} else {
+		sanitized = xmalloc(len + strlen(path) + 1);
 		if (len)
 			memcpy(sanitized, prefix, len);
 		strcpy(sanitized + len, path);
@@ -46,7 +49,7 @@
 {
 	static char path[PATH_MAX];
 #ifndef WIN32
-	if (!pfx || !*pfx || is_absolute_path(arg))
+	if (!pfx_len || is_absolute_path(arg))
 		return arg;
 	memcpy(path, pfx, pfx_len);
 	strcpy(path + pfx_len, arg);
@@ -55,7 +58,7 @@
 	/* don't add prefix to absolute paths, but still replace '\' by '/' */
 	if (is_absolute_path(arg))
 		pfx_len = 0;
-	else
+	else if (pfx_len)
 		memcpy(path, pfx, pfx_len);
 	strcpy(path + pfx_len, arg);
 	for (p = path + pfx_len; *p; p++)
@@ -208,24 +211,6 @@
 	return inside_work_tree;
 }
 
-/*
- * set_work_tree() is only ever called if you set GIT_DIR explicitly.
- * The old behaviour (which we retain here) is to set the work tree root
- * to the cwd, unless overridden by the config, the command line, or
- * GIT_WORK_TREE.
- */
-static const char *set_work_tree(const char *dir)
-{
-	char buffer[PATH_MAX + 1];
-
-	if (!getcwd(buffer, sizeof(buffer)))
-		die ("Could not get the current working directory");
-	git_work_tree_cfg = xstrdup(buffer);
-	inside_work_tree = 1;
-
-	return NULL;
-}
-
 void setup_work_tree(void)
 {
 	const char *work_tree, *git_dir;
@@ -236,16 +221,36 @@
 	work_tree = get_git_work_tree();
 	git_dir = get_git_dir();
 	if (!is_absolute_path(git_dir))
-		git_dir = make_absolute_path(git_dir);
+		git_dir = real_path(get_git_dir());
 	if (!work_tree || chdir(work_tree))
 		die("This operation must be run in a work tree");
-	set_git_dir(make_relative_path(git_dir, work_tree));
+
+	/*
+	 * Make sure subsequent git processes find correct worktree
+	 * if $GIT_WORK_TREE is set relative
+	 */
+	if (getenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT))
+		setenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT, ".", 1);
+
+	set_git_dir(relative_path(git_dir, work_tree));
 	initialized = 1;
 }
 
-static int check_repository_format_gently(int *nongit_ok)
+static int check_repository_format_gently(const char *gitdir, int *nongit_ok)
 {
-	git_config(check_repository_format_version, NULL);
+	char repo_config[PATH_MAX+1];
+
+	/*
+	 * git_config() can't be used here because it calls git_pathdup()
+	 * to get $GIT_CONFIG/config. That call will make setup_git_env()
+	 * set git_dir to ".git".
+	 *
+	 * We are in gitdir setup, no git dir has been found useable yet.
+	 * Use a gentler version of git_config() to check if this repo
+	 * is a good one.
+	 */
+	snprintf(repo_config, PATH_MAX, "%s/config", gitdir);
+	git_config_early(check_repository_format_version, NULL, repo_config);
 	if (GIT_REPO_VERSION < repository_format_version) {
 		if (!nongit_ok)
 			die ("Expected git repo version <= %d, found %d",
@@ -270,7 +275,7 @@
 	const char *slash;
 	struct stat st;
 	int fd;
-	size_t len;
+	ssize_t len;
 
 	if (stat(path, &st))
 		return NULL;
@@ -307,71 +312,131 @@
 
 	if (!is_git_directory(dir))
 		die("Not a git repository: %s", dir);
-	path = make_absolute_path(dir);
+	path = real_path(dir);
 
 	free(buf);
 	return path;
 }
 
 static const char *setup_explicit_git_dir(const char *gitdirenv,
-				const char *work_tree_env, int *nongit_ok)
+					  char *cwd, int len,
+					  int *nongit_ok)
 {
-	static char buffer[1024 + 1];
-	const char *retval;
+	const char *work_tree_env = getenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT);
+	const char *worktree;
+	char *gitfile;
 
 	if (PATH_MAX - 40 < strlen(gitdirenv))
 		die("'$%s' too big", GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
+
+	gitfile = (char*)read_gitfile_gently(gitdirenv);
+	if (gitfile) {
+		gitfile = xstrdup(gitfile);
+		gitdirenv = gitfile;
+	}
+
 	if (!is_git_directory(gitdirenv)) {
 		if (nongit_ok) {
 			*nongit_ok = 1;
+			free(gitfile);
 			return NULL;
 		}
 		die("Not a git repository: '%s'", gitdirenv);
 	}
-	if (!work_tree_env) {
-		retval = set_work_tree(gitdirenv);
-		/* config may override worktree */
-		if (check_repository_format_gently(nongit_ok))
-			return NULL;
-		return retval;
+
+	if (check_repository_format_gently(gitdirenv, nongit_ok)) {
+		free(gitfile);
+		return NULL;
 	}
-	if (check_repository_format_gently(nongit_ok))
+
+	/* #3, #7, #11, #15, #19, #23, #27, #31 (see t1510) */
+	if (work_tree_env)
+		set_git_work_tree(work_tree_env);
+	else if (is_bare_repository_cfg > 0) {
+		if (git_work_tree_cfg) /* #22.2, #30 */
+			die("core.bare and core.worktree do not make sense");
+
+		/* #18, #26 */
+		set_git_dir(gitdirenv);
+		free(gitfile);
 		return NULL;
-	retval = get_relative_cwd(buffer, sizeof(buffer) - 1,
-			get_git_work_tree());
-	if (!retval || !*retval)
+	}
+	else if (git_work_tree_cfg) { /* #6, #14 */
+		if (is_absolute_path(git_work_tree_cfg))
+			set_git_work_tree(git_work_tree_cfg);
+		else {
+			char core_worktree[PATH_MAX];
+			if (chdir(gitdirenv))
+				die_errno("Could not chdir to '%s'", gitdirenv);
+			if (chdir(git_work_tree_cfg))
+				die_errno("Could not chdir to '%s'", git_work_tree_cfg);
+			if (!getcwd(core_worktree, PATH_MAX))
+				die_errno("Could not get directory '%s'", git_work_tree_cfg);
+			if (chdir(cwd))
+				die_errno("Could not come back to cwd");
+			set_git_work_tree(core_worktree);
+		}
+	}
+	else /* #2, #10 */
+		set_git_work_tree(".");
+
+	/* set_git_work_tree() must have been called by now */
+	worktree = get_git_work_tree();
+
+	/* both get_git_work_tree() and cwd are already normalized */
+	if (!strcmp(cwd, worktree)) { /* cwd == worktree */
+		set_git_dir(gitdirenv);
+		free(gitfile);
 		return NULL;
-	set_git_dir(make_absolute_path(gitdirenv));
-	if (chdir(work_tree_env) < 0)
-		die_errno ("Could not chdir to '%s'", work_tree_env);
-	strcat(buffer, "/");
-	return retval;
+	}
+
+	if (!prefixcmp(cwd, worktree) &&
+	    cwd[strlen(worktree)] == '/') { /* cwd inside worktree */
+		set_git_dir(real_path(gitdirenv));
+		if (chdir(worktree))
+			die_errno("Could not chdir to '%s'", worktree);
+		cwd[len++] = '/';
+		cwd[len] = '\0';
+		free(gitfile);
+		return cwd + strlen(worktree) + 1;
+	}
+
+	/* cwd outside worktree */
+	set_git_dir(gitdirenv);
+	free(gitfile);
+	return NULL;
 }
 
-static int cwd_contains_git_dir(const char **gitfile_dirp)
+static const char *setup_discovered_git_dir(const char *gitdir,
+					    char *cwd, int offset, int len,
+					    int *nongit_ok)
 {
-	const char *gitfile_dir = read_gitfile_gently(DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
-	*gitfile_dirp = gitfile_dir;
-	if (gitfile_dir) {
-		if (set_git_dir(gitfile_dir))
-			die("Repository setup failed");
-		return 1;
+	if (check_repository_format_gently(gitdir, nongit_ok))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* --work-tree is set without --git-dir; use discovered one */
+	if (getenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT) || git_work_tree_cfg) {
+		if (offset != len && !is_absolute_path(gitdir))
+			gitdir = xstrdup(real_path(gitdir));
+		if (chdir(cwd))
+			die_errno("Could not come back to cwd");
+		return setup_explicit_git_dir(gitdir, cwd, len, nongit_ok);
 	}
-	return is_git_directory(DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
-}
 
-static const char *setup_discovered_git_dir(const char *work_tree_env,
-		int offset, int len, char *cwd, int *nongit_ok)
-{
-	int root_len;
+	/* #16.2, #17.2, #20.2, #21.2, #24, #25, #28, #29 (see t1510) */
+	if (is_bare_repository_cfg > 0) {
+		set_git_dir(offset == len ? gitdir : real_path(gitdir));
+		if (chdir(cwd))
+			die_errno("Could not come back to cwd");
+		return NULL;
+	}
 
+	/* #0, #1, #5, #8, #9, #12, #13 */
+	set_git_work_tree(".");
+	if (strcmp(gitdir, DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT))
+		set_git_dir(gitdir);
 	inside_git_dir = 0;
-	if (!work_tree_env)
-		inside_work_tree = 1;
-	root_len = offset_1st_component(cwd);
-	git_work_tree_cfg = xstrndup(cwd, offset > root_len ? offset : root_len);
-	if (check_repository_format_gently(nongit_ok))
-		return NULL;
+	inside_work_tree = 1;
 	if (offset == len)
 		return NULL;
 
@@ -382,23 +447,35 @@
 	return cwd + offset;
 }
 
-static const char *setup_bare_git_dir(const char *work_tree_env,
-		int offset, int len, char *cwd, int *nongit_ok)
+/* #16.1, #17.1, #20.1, #21.1, #22.1 (see t1510) */
+static const char *setup_bare_git_dir(char *cwd, int offset, int len, int *nongit_ok)
 {
 	int root_len;
 
+	if (check_repository_format_gently(".", nongit_ok))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* --work-tree is set without --git-dir; use discovered one */
+	if (getenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT) || git_work_tree_cfg) {
+		const char *gitdir;
+
+		gitdir = offset == len ? "." : xmemdupz(cwd, offset);
+		if (chdir(cwd))
+			die_errno("Could not come back to cwd");
+		return setup_explicit_git_dir(gitdir, cwd, len, nongit_ok);
+	}
+
 	inside_git_dir = 1;
-	if (!work_tree_env)
-		inside_work_tree = 0;
+	inside_work_tree = 0;
 	if (offset != len) {
 		if (chdir(cwd))
 			die_errno("Cannot come back to cwd");
 		root_len = offset_1st_component(cwd);
 		cwd[offset > root_len ? offset : root_len] = '\0';
 		set_git_dir(cwd);
-	} else
+	}
+	else
 		set_git_dir(".");
-	check_repository_format_gently(nongit_ok);
 	return NULL;
 }
 
@@ -428,11 +505,10 @@
  */
 static const char *setup_git_directory_gently_1(int *nongit_ok)
 {
-	const char *work_tree_env = getenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT);
 	const char *env_ceiling_dirs = getenv(CEILING_DIRECTORIES_ENVIRONMENT);
 	static char cwd[PATH_MAX+1];
-	const char *gitdirenv;
-	const char *gitfile_dir;
+	const char *gitdirenv, *ret;
+	char *gitfile;
 	int len, offset, ceil_offset;
 	dev_t current_device = 0;
 	int one_filesystem = 1;
@@ -445,6 +521,10 @@
 	if (nongit_ok)
 		*nongit_ok = 0;
 
+	if (!getcwd(cwd, sizeof(cwd)-1))
+		die_errno("Unable to read current working directory");
+	offset = len = strlen(cwd);
+
 	/*
 	 * If GIT_DIR is set explicitly, we're not going
 	 * to do any discovery, but we still do repository
@@ -452,10 +532,7 @@
 	 */
 	gitdirenv = getenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
 	if (gitdirenv)
-		return setup_explicit_git_dir(gitdirenv, work_tree_env, nongit_ok);
-
-	if (!getcwd(cwd, sizeof(cwd)-1))
-		die_errno("Unable to read current working directory");
+		return setup_explicit_git_dir(gitdirenv, cwd, len, nongit_ok);
 
 	ceil_offset = longest_ancestor_length(cwd, env_ceiling_dirs);
 	if (ceil_offset < 0 && has_dos_drive_prefix(cwd))
@@ -472,17 +549,30 @@
 	 * - ../../.git/
 	 *   etc.
 	 */
-	offset = len = strlen(cwd);
 	one_filesystem = !git_env_bool("GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM", 0);
 	if (one_filesystem)
 		current_device = get_device_or_die(".", NULL);
 	for (;;) {
-		if (cwd_contains_git_dir(&gitfile_dir))
-			return setup_discovered_git_dir(work_tree_env, offset,
-							len, cwd, nongit_ok);
+		gitfile = (char*)read_gitfile_gently(DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
+		if (gitfile)
+			gitdirenv = gitfile = xstrdup(gitfile);
+		else {
+			if (is_git_directory(DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT))
+				gitdirenv = DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT;
+		}
+
+		if (gitdirenv) {
+			ret = setup_discovered_git_dir(gitdirenv,
+						       cwd, offset, len,
+						       nongit_ok);
+			free(gitfile);
+			return ret;
+		}
+		free(gitfile);
+
 		if (is_git_directory("."))
-			return setup_bare_git_dir(work_tree_env, offset,
-							len, cwd, nongit_ok);
+			return setup_bare_git_dir(cwd, offset, len, nongit_ok);
+
 		while (--offset > ceil_offset && cwd[offset] != '/');
 		if (offset <= ceil_offset)
 			return setup_nongit(cwd, nongit_ok);
@@ -512,8 +602,10 @@
 	const char *prefix;
 
 	prefix = setup_git_directory_gently_1(nongit_ok);
-	if (startup_info)
+	if (startup_info) {
 		startup_info->have_repository = !nongit_ok || !*nongit_ok;
+		startup_info->prefix = prefix;
+	}
 	return prefix;
 }
 
@@ -590,7 +682,7 @@
 
 int check_repository_format(void)
 {
-	return check_repository_format_gently(NULL);
+	return check_repository_format_gently(get_git_dir(), NULL);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -601,19 +693,5 @@
  */
 const char *setup_git_directory(void)
 {
-	const char *retval = setup_git_directory_gently(NULL);
-
-	/* If the work tree is not the default one, recompute prefix */
-	if (inside_work_tree < 0) {
-		static char buffer[PATH_MAX + 1];
-		char *rel;
-		if (retval && chdir(retval))
-			die_errno ("Could not jump back into original cwd");
-		rel = get_relative_cwd(buffer, PATH_MAX, get_git_work_tree());
-		if (rel && *rel && chdir(get_git_work_tree()))
-			die_errno ("Could not jump to working directory");
-		return rel && *rel ? strcat(rel, "/") : NULL;
-	}
-
-	return retval;
+	return setup_git_directory_gently(NULL);
 }
diff --git a/sha1_file.c b/sha1_file.c
index 0cd9435..1a7e410 100644
--- a/sha1_file.c
+++ b/sha1_file.c
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "tree.h"
+#include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "pack-revindex.h"
 #include "sha1-lookup.h"
@@ -25,16 +26,75 @@
 #endif
 #endif
 
-#ifdef NO_C99_FORMAT
-#define SZ_FMT "lu"
-static unsigned long sz_fmt(size_t s) { return (unsigned long)s; }
-#else
-#define SZ_FMT "zu"
-static size_t sz_fmt(size_t s) { return s; }
-#endif
+#define SZ_FMT PRIuMAX
+static inline uintmax_t sz_fmt(size_t s) { return s; }
 
 const unsigned char null_sha1[20];
 
+/*
+ * This is meant to hold a *small* number of objects that you would
+ * want read_sha1_file() to be able to return, but yet you do not want
+ * to write them into the object store (e.g. a browse-only
+ * application).
+ */
+static struct cached_object {
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	enum object_type type;
+	void *buf;
+	unsigned long size;
+} *cached_objects;
+static int cached_object_nr, cached_object_alloc;
+
+static struct cached_object empty_tree = {
+	EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN_LITERAL,
+	OBJ_TREE,
+	"",
+	0
+};
+
+static struct cached_object *find_cached_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct cached_object *co = cached_objects;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < cached_object_nr; i++, co++) {
+		if (!hashcmp(co->sha1, sha1))
+			return co;
+	}
+	if (!hashcmp(sha1, empty_tree.sha1))
+		return &empty_tree;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+int mkdir_in_gitdir(const char *path)
+{
+	if (mkdir(path, 0777)) {
+		int saved_errno = errno;
+		struct stat st;
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		if (errno != EEXIST)
+			return -1;
+		/*
+		 * Are we looking at a path in a symlinked worktree
+		 * whose original repository does not yet have it?
+		 * e.g. .git/rr-cache pointing at its original
+		 * repository in which the user hasn't performed any
+		 * conflict resolution yet?
+		 */
+		if (lstat(path, &st) || !S_ISLNK(st.st_mode) ||
+		    strbuf_readlink(&sb, path, st.st_size) ||
+		    !is_absolute_path(sb.buf) ||
+		    mkdir(sb.buf, 0777)) {
+			strbuf_release(&sb);
+			errno = saved_errno;
+			return -1;
+		}
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+	}
+	return adjust_shared_perm(path);
+}
+
 int safe_create_leading_directories(char *path)
 {
 	char *pos = path + offset_1st_component(path);
@@ -165,6 +225,7 @@
 static struct alternate_object_database **alt_odb_tail;
 
 static void read_info_alternates(const char * alternates, int depth);
+static int git_open_noatime(const char *name);
 
 /*
  * Prepare alternate object database registry.
@@ -298,7 +359,7 @@
 	int fd;
 
 	sprintf(path, "%s/%s", relative_base, alt_file_name);
-	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
+	fd = git_open_noatime(path);
 	if (fd < 0)
 		return;
 	if (fstat(fd, &st) || (st.st_size == 0)) {
@@ -380,6 +441,8 @@
 static unsigned int pack_mmap_calls;
 static unsigned int peak_pack_open_windows;
 static unsigned int pack_open_windows;
+static unsigned int pack_open_fds;
+static unsigned int pack_max_fds;
 static size_t peak_pack_mapped;
 static size_t pack_mapped;
 struct packed_git *packed_git;
@@ -411,7 +474,7 @@
 	struct pack_idx_header *hdr;
 	size_t idx_size;
 	uint32_t version, nr, i, *index;
-	int fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
+	int fd = git_open_noatime(path);
 	struct stat st;
 
 	if (fd < 0)
@@ -557,8 +620,10 @@
 			lru_l->next = lru_w->next;
 		else {
 			lru_p->windows = lru_w->next;
-			if (!lru_p->windows && lru_p->pack_fd != keep_fd) {
+			if (!lru_p->windows && lru_p->pack_fd != -1
+				&& lru_p->pack_fd != keep_fd) {
 				close(lru_p->pack_fd);
+				pack_open_fds--;
 				lru_p->pack_fd = -1;
 			}
 		}
@@ -576,6 +641,21 @@
 		; /* nothing */
 }
 
+void *xmmap(void *start, size_t length,
+	int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset)
+{
+	void *ret = mmap(start, length, prot, flags, fd, offset);
+	if (ret == MAP_FAILED) {
+		if (!length)
+			return NULL;
+		release_pack_memory(length, fd);
+		ret = mmap(start, length, prot, flags, fd, offset);
+		if (ret == MAP_FAILED)
+			die_errno("Out of memory? mmap failed");
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
 void close_pack_windows(struct packed_git *p)
 {
 	while (p->windows) {
@@ -628,8 +708,10 @@
 		if (strcmp(pack_name, p->pack_name) == 0) {
 			clear_delta_base_cache();
 			close_pack_windows(p);
-			if (p->pack_fd != -1)
+			if (p->pack_fd != -1) {
 				close(p->pack_fd);
+				pack_open_fds--;
+			}
 			close_pack_index(p);
 			free(p->bad_object_sha1);
 			*pp = p->next;
@@ -655,11 +737,29 @@
 	if (!p->index_data && open_pack_index(p))
 		return error("packfile %s index unavailable", p->pack_name);
 
-	p->pack_fd = open(p->pack_name, O_RDONLY);
-	while (p->pack_fd < 0 && errno == EMFILE && unuse_one_window(p, -1))
-		p->pack_fd = open(p->pack_name, O_RDONLY);
+	if (!pack_max_fds) {
+		struct rlimit lim;
+		unsigned int max_fds;
+
+		if (getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &lim))
+			die_errno("cannot get RLIMIT_NOFILE");
+
+		max_fds = lim.rlim_cur;
+
+		/* Save 3 for stdin/stdout/stderr, 22 for work */
+		if (25 < max_fds)
+			pack_max_fds = max_fds - 25;
+		else
+			pack_max_fds = 1;
+	}
+
+	while (pack_max_fds <= pack_open_fds && unuse_one_window(NULL, -1))
+		; /* nothing */
+
+	p->pack_fd = git_open_noatime(p->pack_name);
 	if (p->pack_fd < 0 || fstat(p->pack_fd, &st))
 		return -1;
+	pack_open_fds++;
 
 	/* If we created the struct before we had the pack we lack size. */
 	if (!p->pack_size) {
@@ -711,6 +811,7 @@
 		return 0;
 	if (p->pack_fd != -1) {
 		close(p->pack_fd);
+		pack_open_fds--;
 		p->pack_fd = -1;
 	}
 	return -1;
@@ -736,14 +837,13 @@
 {
 	struct pack_window *win = *w_cursor;
 
-	if (p->pack_fd == -1 && open_packed_git(p))
-		die("packfile %s cannot be accessed", p->pack_name);
-
 	/* Since packfiles end in a hash of their content and it's
 	 * pointless to ask for an offset into the middle of that
 	 * hash, and the in_window function above wouldn't match
 	 * don't allow an offset too close to the end of the file.
 	 */
+	if (!p->pack_size && p->pack_fd == -1 && open_packed_git(p))
+		die("packfile %s cannot be accessed", p->pack_name);
 	if (offset > (p->pack_size - 20))
 		die("offset beyond end of packfile (truncated pack?)");
 
@@ -757,6 +857,10 @@
 		if (!win) {
 			size_t window_align = packed_git_window_size / 2;
 			off_t len;
+
+			if (p->pack_fd == -1 && open_packed_git(p))
+				die("packfile %s cannot be accessed", p->pack_name);
+
 			win = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*win));
 			win->offset = (offset / window_align) * window_align;
 			len = p->pack_size - win->offset;
@@ -774,6 +878,12 @@
 				die("packfile %s cannot be mapped: %s",
 					p->pack_name,
 					strerror(errno));
+			if (!win->offset && win->len == p->pack_size
+				&& !p->do_not_close) {
+				close(p->pack_fd);
+				pack_open_fds--;
+				p->pack_fd = -1;
+			}
 			pack_mmap_calls++;
 			pack_open_windows++;
 			if (pack_mapped > peak_pack_mapped)
@@ -803,11 +913,22 @@
 	return p;
 }
 
+static void try_to_free_pack_memory(size_t size)
+{
+	release_pack_memory(size, -1);
+}
+
 struct packed_git *add_packed_git(const char *path, int path_len, int local)
 {
+	static int have_set_try_to_free_routine;
 	struct stat st;
 	struct packed_git *p = alloc_packed_git(path_len + 2);
 
+	if (!have_set_try_to_free_routine) {
+		have_set_try_to_free_routine = 1;
+		set_try_to_free_routine(try_to_free_pack_memory);
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * Make sure a corresponding .pack file exists and that
 	 * the index looks sane.
@@ -857,6 +978,9 @@
 
 void install_packed_git(struct packed_git *pack)
 {
+	if (pack->pack_fd != -1)
+		pack_open_fds++;
+
 	pack->next = packed_git;
 	packed_git = pack;
 }
@@ -874,8 +998,6 @@
 	sprintf(path, "%s/pack", objdir);
 	len = strlen(path);
 	dir = opendir(path);
-	while (!dir && errno == EMFILE && unuse_one_window(packed_git, -1))
-		dir = opendir(path);
 	if (!dir) {
 		if (errno != ENOENT)
 			error("unable to open object pack directory: %s: %s",
@@ -1003,7 +1125,7 @@
 	p->num_bad_objects++;
 }
 
-static int has_packed_and_bad(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static const struct packed_git *has_packed_and_bad(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct packed_git *p;
 	unsigned i;
@@ -1011,8 +1133,8 @@
 	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next)
 		for (i = 0; i < p->num_bad_objects; i++)
 			if (!hashcmp(sha1, p->bad_object_sha1 + 20 * i))
-				return 1;
-	return 0;
+				return p;
+	return NULL;
 }
 
 int check_sha1_signature(const unsigned char *sha1, void *map, unsigned long size, const char *type)
@@ -1025,15 +1147,20 @@
 static int git_open_noatime(const char *name)
 {
 	static int sha1_file_open_flag = O_NOATIME;
-	int fd = open(name, O_RDONLY | sha1_file_open_flag);
 
-	/* Might the failure be due to O_NOATIME? */
-	if (fd < 0 && errno != ENOENT && sha1_file_open_flag) {
-		fd = open(name, O_RDONLY);
+	for (;;) {
+		int fd = open(name, O_RDONLY | sha1_file_open_flag);
 		if (fd >= 0)
+			return fd;
+
+		/* Might the failure be due to O_NOATIME? */
+		if (errno != ENOENT && sha1_file_open_flag) {
 			sha1_file_open_flag = 0;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		return -1;
 	}
-	return fd;
 }
 
 static int open_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1)
@@ -1180,7 +1307,7 @@
 		/*
 		 * The above condition must be (bytes <= size), not
 		 * (bytes < size).  In other words, even though we
-		 * expect no more output and set avail_out to zer0,
+		 * expect no more output and set avail_out to zero,
 		 * the input zlib stream may have bytes that express
 		 * "this concludes the stream", and we *do* want to
 		 * eat that input.
@@ -1406,7 +1533,7 @@
 	enum object_type type;
 
 	/* use_pack() assures us we have [base, base + 20) available
-	 * as a range that we can look at at.  (Its actually the hash
+	 * as a range that we can look at.  (Its actually the hash
 	 * size that is assured.)  With our object header encoding
 	 * the maximum deflated object size is 2^137, which is just
 	 * insane, so we know won't exceed what we have been given.
@@ -1857,6 +1984,27 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int is_pack_valid(struct packed_git *p)
+{
+	/* An already open pack is known to be valid. */
+	if (p->pack_fd != -1)
+		return 1;
+
+	/* If the pack has one window completely covering the
+	 * file size, the pack is known to be valid even if
+	 * the descriptor is not currently open.
+	 */
+	if (p->windows) {
+		struct pack_window *w = p->windows;
+
+		if (!w->offset && w->len == p->pack_size)
+			return 1;
+	}
+
+	/* Force the pack to open to prove its valid. */
+	return !open_packed_git(p);
+}
+
 static int find_pack_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, struct pack_entry *e)
 {
 	static struct packed_git *last_found = (void *)1;
@@ -1886,7 +2034,7 @@
 			 * it may have been deleted since the index
 			 * was loaded!
 			 */
-			if (p->pack_fd == -1 && open_packed_git(p)) {
+			if (!is_pack_valid(p)) {
 				error("packfile %s cannot be accessed", p->pack_name);
 				goto next;
 			}
@@ -1946,9 +2094,17 @@
 
 int sha1_object_info(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned long *sizep)
 {
+	struct cached_object *co;
 	struct pack_entry e;
 	int status;
 
+	co = find_cached_object(sha1);
+	if (co) {
+		if (sizep)
+			*sizep = co->size;
+		return co->type;
+	}
+
 	if (!find_pack_entry(sha1, &e)) {
 		/* Most likely it's a loose object. */
 		status = sha1_loose_object_info(sha1, sizep);
@@ -1994,41 +2150,6 @@
 	return data;
 }
 
-/*
- * This is meant to hold a *small* number of objects that you would
- * want read_sha1_file() to be able to return, but yet you do not want
- * to write them into the object store (e.g. a browse-only
- * application).
- */
-static struct cached_object {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	enum object_type type;
-	void *buf;
-	unsigned long size;
-} *cached_objects;
-static int cached_object_nr, cached_object_alloc;
-
-static struct cached_object empty_tree = {
-	EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN,
-	OBJ_TREE,
-	"",
-	0
-};
-
-static struct cached_object *find_cached_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	int i;
-	struct cached_object *co = cached_objects;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < cached_object_nr; i++, co++) {
-		if (!hashcmp(co->sha1, sha1))
-			return co;
-	}
-	if (!hashcmp(sha1, empty_tree.sha1))
-		return &empty_tree;
-	return NULL;
-}
-
 int pretend_sha1_file(void *buf, unsigned long len, enum object_type type,
 		      unsigned char *sha1)
 {
@@ -2079,36 +2200,48 @@
 	return read_packed_sha1(sha1, type, size);
 }
 
+/*
+ * This function dies on corrupt objects; the callers who want to
+ * deal with them should arrange to call read_object() and give error
+ * messages themselves.
+ */
 void *read_sha1_file_repl(const unsigned char *sha1,
 			  enum object_type *type,
 			  unsigned long *size,
 			  const unsigned char **replacement)
 {
 	const unsigned char *repl = lookup_replace_object(sha1);
-	void *data = read_object(repl, type, size);
+	void *data;
 	char *path;
+	const struct packed_git *p;
+
+	errno = 0;
+	data = read_object(repl, type, size);
+	if (data) {
+		if (replacement)
+			*replacement = repl;
+		return data;
+	}
+
+	if (errno && errno != ENOENT)
+		die_errno("failed to read object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 
 	/* die if we replaced an object with one that does not exist */
-	if (!data && repl != sha1)
+	if (repl != sha1)
 		die("replacement %s not found for %s",
 		    sha1_to_hex(repl), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 
-	/* legacy behavior is to die on corrupted objects */
-	if (!data) {
-		if (has_loose_object(repl)) {
-			path = sha1_file_name(sha1);
-			die("loose object %s (stored in %s) is corrupted", sha1_to_hex(repl), path);
-		}
-		if (has_packed_and_bad(repl)) {
-			path = sha1_pack_name(sha1);
-			die("packed object %s (stored in %s) is corrupted", sha1_to_hex(repl), path);
-		}
+	if (has_loose_object(repl)) {
+		path = sha1_file_name(sha1);
+		die("loose object %s (stored in %s) is corrupt",
+		    sha1_to_hex(repl), path);
 	}
 
-	if (replacement)
-		*replacement = repl;
+	if ((p = has_packed_and_bad(repl)) != NULL)
+		die("packed object %s (stored in %s) is corrupt",
+		    sha1_to_hex(repl), p->pack_name);
 
-	return data;
+	return NULL;
 }
 
 void *read_object_with_reference(const unsigned char *sha1,
@@ -2300,8 +2433,6 @@
 
 	filename = sha1_file_name(sha1);
 	fd = create_tmpfile(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile), filename);
-	while (fd < 0 && errno == EMFILE && unuse_one_window(packed_git, -1))
-		fd = create_tmpfile(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile), filename);
 	if (fd < 0) {
 		if (errno == EACCES)
 			return error("insufficient permission for adding an object to repository database %s\n", get_object_directory());
@@ -2420,8 +2551,37 @@
 	return has_loose_object(sha1);
 }
 
+static void check_tree(const void *buf, size_t size)
+{
+	struct tree_desc desc;
+	struct name_entry entry;
+
+	init_tree_desc(&desc, buf, size);
+	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry))
+		/* do nothing
+		 * tree_entry() will die() on malformed entries */
+		;
+}
+
+static void check_commit(const void *buf, size_t size)
+{
+	struct commit c;
+	memset(&c, 0, sizeof(c));
+	if (parse_commit_buffer(&c, buf, size))
+		die("corrupt commit");
+}
+
+static void check_tag(const void *buf, size_t size)
+{
+	struct tag t;
+	memset(&t, 0, sizeof(t));
+	if (parse_tag_buffer(&t, buf, size))
+		die("corrupt tag");
+}
+
 static int index_mem(unsigned char *sha1, void *buf, size_t size,
-		     int write_object, enum object_type type, const char *path)
+		     int write_object, enum object_type type,
+		     const char *path, int format_check)
 {
 	int ret, re_allocated = 0;
 
@@ -2439,6 +2599,14 @@
 			re_allocated = 1;
 		}
 	}
+	if (format_check) {
+		if (type == OBJ_TREE)
+			check_tree(buf, size);
+		if (type == OBJ_COMMIT)
+			check_commit(buf, size);
+		if (type == OBJ_TAG)
+			check_tag(buf, size);
+	}
 
 	if (write_object)
 		ret = write_sha1_file(buf, size, typename(type), sha1);
@@ -2452,7 +2620,7 @@
 #define SMALL_FILE_SIZE (32*1024)
 
 int index_fd(unsigned char *sha1, int fd, struct stat *st, int write_object,
-	     enum object_type type, const char *path)
+	     enum object_type type, const char *path, int format_check)
 {
 	int ret;
 	size_t size = xsize_t(st->st_size);
@@ -2461,23 +2629,25 @@
 		struct strbuf sbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 		if (strbuf_read(&sbuf, fd, 4096) >= 0)
 			ret = index_mem(sha1, sbuf.buf, sbuf.len, write_object,
-					type, path);
+					type, path, format_check);
 		else
 			ret = -1;
 		strbuf_release(&sbuf);
 	} else if (!size) {
-		ret = index_mem(sha1, NULL, size, write_object, type, path);
+		ret = index_mem(sha1, NULL, size, write_object, type, path,
+				format_check);
 	} else if (size <= SMALL_FILE_SIZE) {
 		char *buf = xmalloc(size);
 		if (size == read_in_full(fd, buf, size))
 			ret = index_mem(sha1, buf, size, write_object, type,
-					path);
+					path, format_check);
 		else
 			ret = error("short read %s", strerror(errno));
 		free(buf);
 	} else {
 		void *buf = xmmap(NULL, size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
-		ret = index_mem(sha1, buf, size, write_object, type, path);
+		ret = index_mem(sha1, buf, size, write_object, type, path,
+				format_check);
 		munmap(buf, size);
 	}
 	close(fd);
@@ -2495,7 +2665,7 @@
 		if (fd < 0)
 			return error("open(\"%s\"): %s", path,
 				     strerror(errno));
-		if (index_fd(sha1, fd, st, write_object, OBJ_BLOB, path) < 0)
+		if (index_fd(sha1, fd, st, write_object, OBJ_BLOB, path, 0) < 0)
 			return error("%s: failed to insert into database",
 				     path);
 		break;
diff --git a/sha1_name.c b/sha1_name.c
index 484081d..69cd6c8 100644
--- a/sha1_name.c
+++ b/sha1_name.c
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "remote.h"
 
+static int get_sha1_oneline(const char *, unsigned char *, struct commit_list *);
+
 static int find_short_object_filename(int len, const char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct alternate_object_database *alt;
@@ -560,6 +562,8 @@
 		expected_type = OBJ_BLOB;
 	else if (sp[0] == '}')
 		expected_type = OBJ_NONE;
+	else if (sp[0] == '/')
+		expected_type = OBJ_COMMIT;
 	else
 		return -1;
 
@@ -574,19 +578,37 @@
 		if (!o || (!o->parsed && !parse_object(o->sha1)))
 			return -1;
 		hashcpy(sha1, o->sha1);
+		return 0;
 	}
-	else {
-		/*
-		 * At this point, the syntax look correct, so
-		 * if we do not get the needed object, we should
-		 * barf.
-		 */
-		o = peel_to_type(name, len, o, expected_type);
-		if (o) {
-			hashcpy(sha1, o->sha1);
-			return 0;
-		}
+
+	/*
+	 * At this point, the syntax look correct, so
+	 * if we do not get the needed object, we should
+	 * barf.
+	 */
+	o = peel_to_type(name, len, o, expected_type);
+	if (!o)
 		return -1;
+
+	hashcpy(sha1, o->sha1);
+	if (sp[0] == '/') {
+		/* "$commit^{/foo}" */
+		char *prefix;
+		int ret;
+		struct commit_list *list = NULL;
+
+		/*
+		 * $commit^{/}. Some regex implementation may reject.
+		 * We don't need regex anyway. '' pattern always matches.
+		 */
+		if (sp[1] == '}')
+			return 0;
+
+		prefix = xstrndup(sp + 1, name + len - 1 - (sp + 1));
+		commit_list_insert((struct commit *)o, &list);
+		ret = get_sha1_oneline(prefix, sha1, list);
+		free(prefix);
+		return ret;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -683,16 +705,15 @@
 	}
 	if (object->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 		return 0;
-	insert_by_date((struct commit *)object, list);
-	object->flags |= ONELINE_SEEN;
+	commit_list_insert_by_date((struct commit *)object, list);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int get_sha1_oneline(const char *prefix, unsigned char *sha1)
+static int get_sha1_oneline(const char *prefix, unsigned char *sha1,
+			    struct commit_list *list)
 {
-	struct commit_list *list = NULL, *backup = NULL, *l;
-	int retval = -1;
-	char *temp_commit_buffer = NULL;
+	struct commit_list *backup = NULL, *l;
+	int found = 0;
 	regex_t regex;
 
 	if (prefix[0] == '!') {
@@ -704,41 +725,45 @@
 	if (regcomp(&regex, prefix, REG_EXTENDED))
 		die("Invalid search pattern: %s", prefix);
 
-	for_each_ref(handle_one_ref, &list);
-	for (l = list; l; l = l->next)
+	for (l = list; l; l = l->next) {
+		l->item->object.flags |= ONELINE_SEEN;
 		commit_list_insert(l->item, &backup);
+	}
 	while (list) {
-		char *p;
+		char *p, *to_free = NULL;
 		struct commit *commit;
 		enum object_type type;
 		unsigned long size;
+		int matches;
 
 		commit = pop_most_recent_commit(&list, ONELINE_SEEN);
 		if (!parse_object(commit->object.sha1))
 			continue;
-		free(temp_commit_buffer);
 		if (commit->buffer)
 			p = commit->buffer;
 		else {
 			p = read_sha1_file(commit->object.sha1, &type, &size);
 			if (!p)
 				continue;
-			temp_commit_buffer = p;
+			to_free = p;
 		}
-		if (!(p = strstr(p, "\n\n")))
-			continue;
-		if (!regexec(&regex, p + 2, 0, NULL, 0)) {
+
+		p = strstr(p, "\n\n");
+		matches = p && !regexec(&regex, p + 2, 0, NULL, 0);
+		free(to_free);
+
+		if (matches) {
 			hashcpy(sha1, commit->object.sha1);
-			retval = 0;
+			found = 1;
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 	regfree(&regex);
-	free(temp_commit_buffer);
 	free_commit_list(list);
 	for (l = backup; l; l = l->next)
 		clear_commit_marks(l->item, ONELINE_SEEN);
-	return retval;
+	free_commit_list(backup);
+	return found ? 0 : -1;
 }
 
 struct grab_nth_branch_switch_cbdata {
@@ -934,6 +959,24 @@
 	return len;
 }
 
+int strbuf_branchname(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name)
+{
+	int len = strlen(name);
+	if (interpret_branch_name(name, sb) == len)
+		return 0;
+	strbuf_add(sb, name, len);
+	return len;
+}
+
+int strbuf_check_branch_ref(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name)
+{
+	strbuf_branchname(sb, name);
+	if (name[0] == '-')
+		return CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ERROR;
+	strbuf_splice(sb, 0, 0, "refs/heads/", 11);
+	return check_ref_format(sb->buf);
+}
+
 /*
  * This is like "get_sha1_basic()", except it allows "sha1 expressions",
  * notably "xyz^" for "parent of xyz"
@@ -969,11 +1012,13 @@
 		if (!get_tree_entry(tree_sha1, fullname,
 				    sha1, &mode)) {
 			die("Path '%s' exists, but not '%s'.\n"
-			    "Did you mean '%s:%s'?",
+			    "Did you mean '%s:%s' aka '%s:./%s'?",
 			    fullname,
 			    filename,
 			    object_name,
-			    fullname);
+			    fullname,
+			    object_name,
+			    filename);
 		}
 		die("Path '%s' does not exist in '%s'",
 		    filename, object_name);
@@ -1022,9 +1067,10 @@
 		if (ce_namelen(ce) == fullnamelen &&
 		    !memcmp(ce->name, fullname, fullnamelen))
 			die("Path '%s' is in the index, but not '%s'.\n"
-			    "Did you mean ':%d:%s'?",
+			    "Did you mean ':%d:%s' aka ':%d:./%s'?",
 			    fullname, filename,
-			    ce_stage(ce), fullname);
+			    ce_stage(ce), fullname,
+			    ce_stage(ce), filename);
 	}
 
 	if (!lstat(filename, &st))
@@ -1046,6 +1092,23 @@
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static char *resolve_relative_path(const char *rel)
+{
+	if (prefixcmp(rel, "./") && prefixcmp(rel, "../"))
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (!startup_info)
+		die("BUG: startup_info struct is not initialized.");
+
+	if (!is_inside_work_tree())
+		die("relative path syntax can't be used outside working tree.");
+
+	/* die() inside prefix_path() if resolved path is outside worktree */
+	return prefix_path(startup_info->prefix,
+			   startup_info->prefix ? strlen(startup_info->prefix) : 0,
+			   rel);
+}
+
 int get_sha1_with_context_1(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1,
 			    struct object_context *oc,
 			    int gently, const char *prefix)
@@ -1060,16 +1123,21 @@
 	if (!ret)
 		return ret;
 	/* sha1:path --> object name of path in ent sha1
-	 * :path -> object name of path in index
+	 * :path -> object name of absolute path in index
+	 * :./path -> object name of path relative to cwd in index
 	 * :[0-3]:path -> object name of path in index at stage
 	 * :/foo -> recent commit matching foo
 	 */
 	if (name[0] == ':') {
 		int stage = 0;
 		struct cache_entry *ce;
+		char *new_path = NULL;
 		int pos;
-		if (namelen > 2 && name[1] == '/')
-			return get_sha1_oneline(name + 2, sha1);
+		if (namelen > 2 && name[1] == '/') {
+			struct commit_list *list = NULL;
+			for_each_ref(handle_one_ref, &list);
+			return get_sha1_oneline(name + 2, sha1, list);
+		}
 		if (namelen < 3 ||
 		    name[2] != ':' ||
 		    name[1] < '0' || '3' < name[1])
@@ -1078,7 +1146,13 @@
 			stage = name[1] - '0';
 			cp = name + 3;
 		}
-		namelen = namelen - (cp - name);
+		new_path = resolve_relative_path(cp);
+		if (!new_path) {
+			namelen = namelen - (cp - name);
+		} else {
+			cp = new_path;
+			namelen = strlen(cp);
+		}
 
 		strncpy(oc->path, cp,
 			sizeof(oc->path));
@@ -1096,12 +1170,15 @@
 				break;
 			if (ce_stage(ce) == stage) {
 				hashcpy(sha1, ce->sha1);
+				oc->mode = ce->ce_mode;
+				free(new_path);
 				return 0;
 			}
 			pos++;
 		}
 		if (!gently)
 			diagnose_invalid_index_path(stage, prefix, cp);
+		free(new_path);
 		return -1;
 	}
 	for (cp = name, bracket_depth = 0; *cp; cp++) {
@@ -1122,6 +1199,11 @@
 		}
 		if (!get_sha1_1(name, cp-name, tree_sha1)) {
 			const char *filename = cp+1;
+			char *new_filename = NULL;
+
+			new_filename = resolve_relative_path(filename);
+			if (new_filename)
+				filename = new_filename;
 			ret = get_tree_entry(tree_sha1, filename, sha1, &oc->mode);
 			if (!gently) {
 				diagnose_invalid_sha1_path(prefix, filename,
@@ -1133,6 +1215,7 @@
 				sizeof(oc->path));
 			oc->path[sizeof(oc->path)-1] = '\0';
 
+			free(new_filename);
 			return ret;
 		} else {
 			if (!gently)
diff --git a/shell.c b/shell.c
index dea4cfd..abb8622 100644
--- a/shell.c
+++ b/shell.c
@@ -137,6 +137,8 @@
 	int devnull_fd;
 	int count;
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
 	/*
 	 * Always open file descriptors 0/1/2 to avoid clobbering files
 	 * in die().  It also avoids not messing up when the pipes are
diff --git a/strbuf.c b/strbuf.c
index 65b4cf4..77444a9 100644
--- a/strbuf.c
+++ b/strbuf.c
@@ -63,7 +63,8 @@
 
 void strbuf_grow(struct strbuf *sb, size_t extra)
 {
-	if (sb->len + extra + 1 <= sb->len)
+	if (unsigned_add_overflows(extra, 1) ||
+	    unsigned_add_overflows(sb->len, extra + 1))
 		die("you want to use way too much memory");
 	if (!sb->alloc)
 		sb->buf = NULL;
@@ -152,7 +153,7 @@
 void strbuf_splice(struct strbuf *sb, size_t pos, size_t len,
 				   const void *data, size_t dlen)
 {
-	if (pos + len < pos)
+	if (unsigned_add_overflows(pos, len))
 		die("you want to use way too much memory");
 	if (pos > sb->len)
 		die("`pos' is too far after the end of the buffer");
@@ -194,24 +195,29 @@
 
 void strbuf_addf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
-	int len;
 	va_list ap;
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	strbuf_vaddf(sb, fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+}
+
+void strbuf_vaddf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
+{
+	int len;
+	va_list cp;
 
 	if (!strbuf_avail(sb))
 		strbuf_grow(sb, 64);
-	va_start(ap, fmt);
-	len = vsnprintf(sb->buf + sb->len, sb->alloc - sb->len, fmt, ap);
-	va_end(ap);
+	va_copy(cp, ap);
+	len = vsnprintf(sb->buf + sb->len, sb->alloc - sb->len, fmt, cp);
+	va_end(cp);
 	if (len < 0)
-		die("your vsnprintf is broken");
+		die("BUG: your vsnprintf is broken (returned %d)", len);
 	if (len > strbuf_avail(sb)) {
 		strbuf_grow(sb, len);
-		va_start(ap, fmt);
 		len = vsnprintf(sb->buf + sb->len, sb->alloc - sb->len, fmt, ap);
-		va_end(ap);
-		if (len > strbuf_avail(sb)) {
-			die("this should not happen, your snprintf is broken");
-		}
+		if (len > strbuf_avail(sb))
+			die("BUG: your vsnprintf is broken (insatiable)");
 	}
 	strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len + len);
 }
@@ -386,21 +392,3 @@
 
 	return len;
 }
-
-int strbuf_branchname(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name)
-{
-	int len = strlen(name);
-	if (interpret_branch_name(name, sb) == len)
-		return 0;
-	strbuf_add(sb, name, len);
-	return len;
-}
-
-int strbuf_check_branch_ref(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name)
-{
-	strbuf_branchname(sb, name);
-	if (name[0] == '-')
-		return CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ERROR;
-	strbuf_splice(sb, 0, 0, "refs/heads/", 11);
-	return check_ref_format(sb->buf);
-}
diff --git a/strbuf.h b/strbuf.h
index 675a91f..07060ce 100644
--- a/strbuf.h
+++ b/strbuf.h
@@ -1,42 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef STRBUF_H
 #define STRBUF_H
 
-/*
- * Strbuf's can be use in many ways: as a byte array, or to store arbitrary
- * long, overflow safe strings.
- *
- * Strbufs has some invariants that are very important to keep in mind:
- *
- * 1. the ->buf member is always malloc-ed, hence strbuf's can be used to
- *    build complex strings/buffers whose final size isn't easily known.
- *
- *    It is NOT legal to copy the ->buf pointer away.
- *    `strbuf_detach' is the operation that detaches a buffer from its shell
- *    while keeping the shell valid wrt its invariants.
- *
- * 2. the ->buf member is a byte array that has at least ->len + 1 bytes
- *    allocated. The extra byte is used to store a '\0', allowing the ->buf
- *    member to be a valid C-string. Every strbuf function ensures this
- *    invariant is preserved.
- *
- *    Note that it is OK to "play" with the buffer directly if you work it
- *    that way:
- *
- *    strbuf_grow(sb, SOME_SIZE);
- *       ... Here, the memory array starting at sb->buf, and of length
- *       ... strbuf_avail(sb) is all yours, and you are sure that
- *       ... strbuf_avail(sb) is at least SOME_SIZE.
- *    strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len + SOME_OTHER_SIZE);
- *
- *    Of course, SOME_OTHER_SIZE must be smaller or equal to strbuf_avail(sb).
- *
- *    Doing so is safe, though if it has to be done in many places, adding the
- *    missing API to the strbuf module is the way to go.
- *
- *    XXX: do _not_ assume that the area that is yours is of size ->alloc - 1
- *         even if it's true in the current implementation. Alloc is somehow a
- *         "private" member that should not be messed with.
- */
+/* See Documentation/technical/api-strbuf.txt */
 
 #include <assert.h>
 
@@ -120,6 +85,8 @@
 
 __attribute__((format (printf,2,3)))
 extern void strbuf_addf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, ...);
+__attribute__((format (printf,2,0)))
+extern void strbuf_vaddf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, va_list ap);
 
 extern size_t strbuf_fread(struct strbuf *, size_t, FILE *);
 /* XXX: if read fails, any partial read is undone */
diff --git a/string-list.c b/string-list.c
index 9b023a2..5168118 100644
--- a/string-list.c
+++ b/string-list.c
@@ -153,6 +153,7 @@
 	ALLOC_GROW(list->items, list->nr + 1, list->alloc);
 	list->items[list->nr].string =
 		list->strdup_strings ? xstrdup(string) : (char *)string;
+	list->items[list->nr].util = NULL;
 	return list->items + list->nr++;
 }
 
diff --git a/string-list.h b/string-list.h
index 4946938..bda6983 100644
--- a/string-list.h
+++ b/string-list.h
@@ -5,8 +5,7 @@
 	char *string;
 	void *util;
 };
-struct string_list
-{
+struct string_list {
 	struct string_list_item *items;
 	unsigned int nr, alloc;
 	unsigned int strdup_strings:1;
diff --git a/submodule.c b/submodule.c
index 91a4758..5294cef 100644
--- a/submodule.c
+++ b/submodule.c
@@ -9,8 +9,11 @@
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 
-struct string_list config_name_for_path;
-struct string_list config_ignore_for_name;
+static struct string_list config_name_for_path;
+static struct string_list config_fetch_recurse_submodules_for_name;
+static struct string_list config_ignore_for_name;
+static int config_fetch_recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND;
+static struct string_list changed_submodule_paths;
 
 static int add_submodule_odb(const char *path)
 {
@@ -63,10 +66,14 @@
 	}
 }
 
-static int submodule_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+int submodule_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	if (!prefixcmp(var, "submodule."))
 		return parse_submodule_config_option(var, value);
+	else if (!strcmp(var, "fetch.recursesubmodules")) {
+		config_fetch_recurse_submodules = parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -100,6 +107,14 @@
 			config = string_list_append(&config_name_for_path, xstrdup(value));
 		config->util = strbuf_detach(&submodname, NULL);
 		strbuf_release(&submodname);
+	} else if ((len > 23) && !strcmp(var + len - 23, ".fetchrecursesubmodules")) {
+		strbuf_add(&submodname, var, len - 23);
+		config = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_fetch_recurse_submodules_for_name, submodname.buf);
+		if (!config)
+			config = string_list_append(&config_fetch_recurse_submodules_for_name,
+						    strbuf_detach(&submodname, NULL));
+		config->util = (void *)(intptr_t)parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(var, value);
+		strbuf_release(&submodname);
 	} else if ((len > 7) && !strcmp(var + len - 7, ".ignore")) {
 		if (strcmp(value, "untracked") && strcmp(value, "dirty") &&
 		    strcmp(value, "all") && strcmp(value, "none")) {
@@ -138,17 +153,83 @@
 		die("bad --ignore-submodules argument: %s", arg);
 }
 
+static int prepare_submodule_summary(struct rev_info *rev, const char *path,
+		struct commit *left, struct commit *right,
+		int *fast_forward, int *fast_backward)
+{
+	struct commit_list *merge_bases, *list;
+
+	init_revisions(rev, NULL);
+	setup_revisions(0, NULL, rev, NULL);
+	rev->left_right = 1;
+	rev->first_parent_only = 1;
+	left->object.flags |= SYMMETRIC_LEFT;
+	add_pending_object(rev, &left->object, path);
+	add_pending_object(rev, &right->object, path);
+	merge_bases = get_merge_bases(left, right, 1);
+	if (merge_bases) {
+		if (merge_bases->item == left)
+			*fast_forward = 1;
+		else if (merge_bases->item == right)
+			*fast_backward = 1;
+	}
+	for (list = merge_bases; list; list = list->next) {
+		list->item->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
+		add_pending_object(rev, &list->item->object,
+			sha1_to_hex(list->item->object.sha1));
+	}
+	return prepare_revision_walk(rev);
+}
+
+static void print_submodule_summary(struct rev_info *rev, FILE *f,
+		const char *del, const char *add, const char *reset)
+{
+	static const char format[] = "  %m %s";
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct commit *commit;
+
+	while ((commit = get_revision(rev))) {
+		struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
+		ctx.date_mode = rev->date_mode;
+		strbuf_setlen(&sb, 0);
+		if (commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT) {
+			if (del)
+				strbuf_addstr(&sb, del);
+		}
+		else if (add)
+			strbuf_addstr(&sb, add);
+		format_commit_message(commit, format, &sb, &ctx);
+		if (reset)
+			strbuf_addstr(&sb, reset);
+		strbuf_addch(&sb, '\n');
+		fprintf(f, "%s", sb.buf);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+int parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(const char *opt, const char *arg)
+{
+	switch (git_config_maybe_bool(opt, arg)) {
+	case 1:
+		return RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON;
+	case 0:
+		return RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF;
+	default:
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "on-demand"))
+			return RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND;
+		die("bad %s argument: %s", opt, arg);
+	}
+}
+
 void show_submodule_summary(FILE *f, const char *path,
 		unsigned char one[20], unsigned char two[20],
 		unsigned dirty_submodule,
 		const char *del, const char *add, const char *reset)
 {
 	struct rev_info rev;
-	struct commit *commit, *left = left, *right = right;
-	struct commit_list *merge_bases, *list;
+	struct commit *left = left, *right = right;
 	const char *message = NULL;
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-	static const char *format = "  %m %s";
 	int fast_forward = 0, fast_backward = 0;
 
 	if (is_null_sha1(two))
@@ -161,29 +242,10 @@
 		 !(right = lookup_commit_reference(two)))
 		message = "(commits not present)";
 
-	if (!message) {
-		init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
-		setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, NULL);
-		rev.left_right = 1;
-		rev.first_parent_only = 1;
-		left->object.flags |= SYMMETRIC_LEFT;
-		add_pending_object(&rev, &left->object, path);
-		add_pending_object(&rev, &right->object, path);
-		merge_bases = get_merge_bases(left, right, 1);
-		if (merge_bases) {
-			if (merge_bases->item == left)
-				fast_forward = 1;
-			else if (merge_bases->item == right)
-				fast_backward = 1;
-		}
-		for (list = merge_bases; list; list = list->next) {
-			list->item->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
-			add_pending_object(&rev, &list->item->object,
-				sha1_to_hex(list->item->object.sha1));
-		}
-		if (prepare_revision_walk(&rev))
-			message = "(revision walker failed)";
-	}
+	if (!message &&
+	    prepare_submodule_summary(&rev, path, left, right,
+					&fast_forward, &fast_backward))
+		message = "(revision walker failed)";
 
 	if (dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_UNTRACKED)
 		fprintf(f, "Submodule %s contains untracked content\n", path);
@@ -207,28 +269,210 @@
 	fwrite(sb.buf, sb.len, 1, f);
 
 	if (!message) {
-		while ((commit = get_revision(&rev))) {
-			struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
-			ctx.date_mode = rev.date_mode;
-			strbuf_setlen(&sb, 0);
-			if (commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT) {
-				if (del)
-					strbuf_addstr(&sb, del);
-			}
-			else if (add)
-				strbuf_addstr(&sb, add);
-			format_commit_message(commit, format, &sb, &ctx);
-			if (reset)
-				strbuf_addstr(&sb, reset);
-			strbuf_addch(&sb, '\n');
-			fprintf(f, "%s", sb.buf);
-		}
+		print_submodule_summary(&rev, f, del, add, reset);
 		clear_commit_marks(left, ~0);
 		clear_commit_marks(right, ~0);
 	}
+
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
 }
 
+void set_config_fetch_recurse_submodules(int value)
+{
+	config_fetch_recurse_submodules = value;
+}
+
+static int is_submodule_commit_present(const char *path, unsigned char sha1[20])
+{
+	int is_present = 0;
+	if (!add_submodule_odb(path) && lookup_commit_reference(sha1)) {
+		/* Even if the submodule is checked out and the commit is
+		 * present, make sure it is reachable from a ref. */
+		struct child_process cp;
+		const char *argv[] = {"rev-list", "-n", "1", NULL, "--not", "--all", NULL};
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		argv[3] = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
+		memset(&cp, 0, sizeof(cp));
+		cp.argv = argv;
+		cp.env = local_repo_env;
+		cp.git_cmd = 1;
+		cp.no_stdin = 1;
+		cp.out = -1;
+		cp.dir = path;
+		if (!run_command(&cp) && !strbuf_read(&buf, cp.out, 1024))
+			is_present = 1;
+
+		close(cp.out);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+	}
+	return is_present;
+}
+
+static void submodule_collect_changed_cb(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
+					 struct diff_options *options,
+					 void *data)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
+		struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
+		if (!S_ISGITLINK(p->two->mode))
+			continue;
+
+		if (S_ISGITLINK(p->one->mode)) {
+			/* NEEDSWORK: We should honor the name configured in
+			 * the .gitmodules file of the commit we are examining
+			 * here to be able to correctly follow submodules
+			 * being moved around. */
+			struct string_list_item *path;
+			path = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&changed_submodule_paths, p->two->path);
+			if (!path && !is_submodule_commit_present(p->two->path, p->two->sha1))
+				string_list_append(&changed_submodule_paths, xstrdup(p->two->path));
+		} else {
+			/* Submodule is new or was moved here */
+			/* NEEDSWORK: When the .git directories of submodules
+			 * live inside the superprojects .git directory some
+			 * day we should fetch new submodules directly into
+			 * that location too when config or options request
+			 * that so they can be checked out from there. */
+			continue;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void check_for_new_submodule_commits(unsigned char new_sha1[20])
+{
+	struct rev_info rev;
+	struct commit *commit;
+	const char *argv[] = {NULL, NULL, "--not", "--all", NULL};
+	int argc = ARRAY_SIZE(argv) - 1;
+
+	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
+	argv[1] = xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(new_sha1));
+	setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL);
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(&rev))
+		die("revision walk setup failed");
+
+	/*
+	 * Collect all submodules (whether checked out or not) for which new
+	 * commits have been recorded upstream in "changed_submodule_paths".
+	 */
+	while ((commit = get_revision(&rev))) {
+		struct commit_list *parent = commit->parents;
+		while (parent) {
+			struct diff_options diff_opts;
+			diff_setup(&diff_opts);
+			diff_opts.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
+			diff_opts.format_callback = submodule_collect_changed_cb;
+			if (diff_setup_done(&diff_opts) < 0)
+				die("diff_setup_done failed");
+			diff_tree_sha1(parent->item->object.sha1, commit->object.sha1, "", &diff_opts);
+			diffcore_std(&diff_opts);
+			diff_flush(&diff_opts);
+			parent = parent->next;
+		}
+	}
+	free((char *)argv[1]);
+}
+
+int fetch_populated_submodules(int num_options, const char **options,
+			       const char *prefix, int command_line_option,
+			       int quiet)
+{
+	int i, result = 0, argc = 0, default_argc;
+	struct child_process cp;
+	const char **argv;
+	struct string_list_item *name_for_path;
+	const char *work_tree = get_git_work_tree();
+	if (!work_tree)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (!the_index.initialized)
+		if (read_cache() < 0)
+			die("index file corrupt");
+
+	/* 6: "fetch" (options) --recurse-submodules-default default "--submodule-prefix" prefix NULL */
+	argv = xcalloc(num_options + 6, sizeof(const char *));
+	argv[argc++] = "fetch";
+	for (i = 0; i < num_options; i++)
+		argv[argc++] = options[i];
+	argv[argc++] = "--recurse-submodules-default";
+	default_argc = argc++;
+	argv[argc++] = "--submodule-prefix";
+
+	memset(&cp, 0, sizeof(cp));
+	cp.argv = argv;
+	cp.env = local_repo_env;
+	cp.git_cmd = 1;
+	cp.no_stdin = 1;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
+		struct strbuf submodule_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct strbuf submodule_git_dir = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct strbuf submodule_prefix = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+		const char *git_dir, *name, *default_argv;
+
+		if (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
+			continue;
+
+		name = ce->name;
+		name_for_path = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_name_for_path, ce->name);
+		if (name_for_path)
+			name = name_for_path->util;
+
+		default_argv = "yes";
+		if (command_line_option == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_DEFAULT) {
+			struct string_list_item *fetch_recurse_submodules_option;
+			fetch_recurse_submodules_option = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_fetch_recurse_submodules_for_name, name);
+			if (fetch_recurse_submodules_option) {
+				if ((intptr_t)fetch_recurse_submodules_option->util == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF)
+					continue;
+				if ((intptr_t)fetch_recurse_submodules_option->util == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND) {
+					if (!unsorted_string_list_lookup(&changed_submodule_paths, ce->name))
+						continue;
+					default_argv = "on-demand";
+				}
+			} else {
+				if (config_fetch_recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF)
+					continue;
+				if (config_fetch_recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND) {
+					if (!unsorted_string_list_lookup(&changed_submodule_paths, ce->name))
+						continue;
+					default_argv = "on-demand";
+				}
+			}
+		} else if (command_line_option == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND) {
+			if (!unsorted_string_list_lookup(&changed_submodule_paths, ce->name))
+				continue;
+			default_argv = "on-demand";
+		}
+
+		strbuf_addf(&submodule_path, "%s/%s", work_tree, ce->name);
+		strbuf_addf(&submodule_git_dir, "%s/.git", submodule_path.buf);
+		strbuf_addf(&submodule_prefix, "%s%s/", prefix, ce->name);
+		git_dir = read_gitfile_gently(submodule_git_dir.buf);
+		if (!git_dir)
+			git_dir = submodule_git_dir.buf;
+		if (is_directory(git_dir)) {
+			if (!quiet)
+				printf("Fetching submodule %s%s\n", prefix, ce->name);
+			cp.dir = submodule_path.buf;
+			argv[default_argc] = default_argv;
+			argv[argc] = submodule_prefix.buf;
+			if (run_command(&cp))
+				result = 1;
+		}
+		strbuf_release(&submodule_path);
+		strbuf_release(&submodule_git_dir);
+		strbuf_release(&submodule_prefix);
+	}
+	free(argv);
+out:
+	string_list_clear(&changed_submodule_paths, 1);
+	return result;
+}
+
 unsigned is_submodule_modified(const char *path, int ignore_untracked)
 {
 	ssize_t len;
diff --git a/submodule.h b/submodule.h
index 386f410..5350b0d 100644
--- a/submodule.h
+++ b/submodule.h
@@ -3,15 +3,29 @@
 
 struct diff_options;
 
+enum {
+	RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND = -1,
+	RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF = 0,
+	RECURSE_SUBMODULES_DEFAULT = 1,
+	RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON = 2
+};
+
 void set_diffopt_flags_from_submodule_config(struct diff_options *diffopt,
 		const char *path);
+int submodule_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
 void gitmodules_config();
 int parse_submodule_config_option(const char *var, const char *value);
 void handle_ignore_submodules_arg(struct diff_options *diffopt, const char *);
+int parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(const char *opt, const char *arg);
 void show_submodule_summary(FILE *f, const char *path,
 		unsigned char one[20], unsigned char two[20],
 		unsigned dirty_submodule,
 		const char *del, const char *add, const char *reset);
+void set_config_fetch_recurse_submodules(int value);
+void check_for_new_submodule_commits(unsigned char new_sha1[20]);
+int fetch_populated_submodules(int num_options, const char **options,
+			       const char *prefix, int command_line_option,
+			       int quiet);
 unsigned is_submodule_modified(const char *path, int ignore_untracked);
 int merge_submodule(unsigned char result[20], const char *path, const unsigned char base[20],
 		    const unsigned char a[20], const unsigned char b[20]);
diff --git a/symlinks.c b/symlinks.c
index 8860120..034943b 100644
--- a/symlinks.c
+++ b/symlinks.c
@@ -64,11 +64,13 @@
  * of the prefix, where the cache should use the stat() function
  * instead of the lstat() function to test each path component.
  */
-static int lstat_cache(struct cache_def *cache, const char *name, int len,
-		       int track_flags, int prefix_len_stat_func)
+static int lstat_cache_matchlen(struct cache_def *cache,
+				const char *name, int len,
+				int *ret_flags, int track_flags,
+				int prefix_len_stat_func)
 {
 	int match_len, last_slash, last_slash_dir, previous_slash;
-	int match_flags, ret_flags, save_flags, max_len, ret;
+	int save_flags, max_len, ret;
 	struct stat st;
 
 	if (cache->track_flags != track_flags ||
@@ -90,13 +92,13 @@
 		match_len = last_slash =
 			longest_path_match(name, len, cache->path, cache->len,
 					   &previous_slash);
-		match_flags = cache->flags & track_flags & (FL_NOENT|FL_SYMLINK);
+		*ret_flags = cache->flags & track_flags & (FL_NOENT|FL_SYMLINK);
 
 		if (!(track_flags & FL_FULLPATH) && match_len == len)
 			match_len = last_slash = previous_slash;
 
-		if (match_flags && match_len == cache->len)
-			return match_flags;
+		if (*ret_flags && match_len == cache->len)
+			return match_len;
 		/*
 		 * If we now have match_len > 0, we would know that
 		 * the matched part will always be a directory.
@@ -105,16 +107,16 @@
 		 * a substring of the cache on a path component basis,
 		 * we can return immediately.
 		 */
-		match_flags = track_flags & FL_DIR;
-		if (match_flags && len == match_len)
-			return match_flags;
+		*ret_flags = track_flags & FL_DIR;
+		if (*ret_flags && len == match_len)
+			return match_len;
 	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Okay, no match from the cache so far, so now we have to
 	 * check the rest of the path components.
 	 */
-	ret_flags = FL_DIR;
+	*ret_flags = FL_DIR;
 	last_slash_dir = last_slash;
 	max_len = len < PATH_MAX ? len : PATH_MAX;
 	while (match_len < max_len) {
@@ -133,16 +135,16 @@
 			ret = lstat(cache->path, &st);
 
 		if (ret) {
-			ret_flags = FL_LSTATERR;
+			*ret_flags = FL_LSTATERR;
 			if (errno == ENOENT)
-				ret_flags |= FL_NOENT;
+				*ret_flags |= FL_NOENT;
 		} else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
 			last_slash_dir = last_slash;
 			continue;
 		} else if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
-			ret_flags = FL_SYMLINK;
+			*ret_flags = FL_SYMLINK;
 		} else {
-			ret_flags = FL_ERR;
+			*ret_flags = FL_ERR;
 		}
 		break;
 	}
@@ -152,7 +154,7 @@
 	 * path types, FL_NOENT, FL_SYMLINK and FL_DIR, can be cached
 	 * for the moment!
 	 */
-	save_flags = ret_flags & track_flags & (FL_NOENT|FL_SYMLINK);
+	save_flags = *ret_flags & track_flags & (FL_NOENT|FL_SYMLINK);
 	if (save_flags && last_slash > 0 && last_slash <= PATH_MAX) {
 		cache->path[last_slash] = '\0';
 		cache->len = last_slash;
@@ -176,7 +178,16 @@
 	} else {
 		reset_lstat_cache(cache);
 	}
-	return ret_flags;
+	return match_len;
+}
+
+static int lstat_cache(struct cache_def *cache, const char *name, int len,
+		       int track_flags, int prefix_len_stat_func)
+{
+	int flags;
+	(void)lstat_cache_matchlen(cache, name, len, &flags, track_flags,
+			prefix_len_stat_func);
+	return flags;
 }
 
 #define USE_ONLY_LSTAT  0
@@ -198,15 +209,26 @@
 }
 
 /*
- * Return non-zero if path 'name' has a leading symlink component or
+ * Return zero if path 'name' has a leading symlink component or
  * if some leading path component does not exists.
+ *
+ * Return -1 if leading path exists and is a directory.
+ *
+ * Return path length if leading path exists and is neither a
+ * directory nor a symlink.
  */
-int has_symlink_or_noent_leading_path(const char *name, int len)
+int check_leading_path(const char *name, int len)
 {
 	struct cache_def *cache = &default_cache;	/* FIXME */
-	return lstat_cache(cache, name, len,
-			   FL_SYMLINK|FL_NOENT|FL_DIR, USE_ONLY_LSTAT) &
-		(FL_SYMLINK|FL_NOENT);
+	int flags;
+	int match_len = lstat_cache_matchlen(cache, name, len, &flags,
+			   FL_SYMLINK|FL_NOENT|FL_DIR, USE_ONLY_LSTAT);
+	if (flags & FL_NOENT)
+		return 0;
+	else if (flags & FL_DIR)
+		return -1;
+	else
+		return match_len;
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/t/Makefile b/t/Makefile
index c7baefb..47cbeb6 100644
--- a/t/Makefile
+++ b/t/Makefile
@@ -11,16 +11,25 @@
 PERL_PATH ?= /usr/bin/perl
 TAR ?= $(TAR)
 RM ?= rm -f
+PROVE ?= prove
+DEFAULT_TEST_TARGET ?= test
 
 # Shell quote;
 SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH))
 
 T = $(wildcard t[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]-*.sh)
 TSVN = $(wildcard t91[0-9][0-9]-*.sh)
+TGITWEB = $(wildcard t95[0-9][0-9]-*.sh)
 
-all: pre-clean
+all: $(DEFAULT_TEST_TARGET)
+
+test: pre-clean $(TEST_LINT)
 	$(MAKE) aggregate-results-and-cleanup
 
+prove: pre-clean $(TEST_LINT)
+	@echo "*** prove ***"; GIT_CONFIG=.git/config $(PROVE) --exec '$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' $(GIT_PROVE_OPTS) $(T) :: $(GIT_TEST_OPTS)
+	$(MAKE) clean
+
 $(T):
 	@echo "*** $@ ***"; GIT_CONFIG=.git/config '$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' $@ $(GIT_TEST_OPTS)
 
@@ -32,6 +41,18 @@
 	$(RM) -r valgrind/bin
 	$(RM) .prove
 
+test-lint: test-lint-duplicates test-lint-executable
+
+test-lint-duplicates:
+	@dups=`echo $(T) | tr ' ' '\n' | sed 's/-.*//' | sort | uniq -d` && \
+		test -z "$$dups" || { \
+		echo >&2 "duplicate test numbers:" $$dups; exit 1; }
+
+test-lint-executable:
+	@bad=`for i in $(T); do test -x "$$i" || echo $$i; done` && \
+		test -z "$$bad" || { \
+		echo >&2 "non-executable tests:" $$bad; exit 1; }
+
 aggregate-results-and-cleanup: $(T)
 	$(MAKE) aggregate-results
 	$(MAKE) clean
@@ -46,6 +67,9 @@
 	$(MAKE) $(TSVN) GIT_SVN_NO_OPTIMIZE_COMMITS=1 LC_ALL=C
 	$(MAKE) $(TSVN) GIT_SVN_NO_OPTIMIZE_COMMITS=0 LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
 
+gitweb-test:
+	$(MAKE) $(TGITWEB)
+
 valgrind:
 	GIT_TEST_OPTS=--valgrind $(MAKE)
 
diff --git a/t/README b/t/README
index a1eb7c8..cad36dd 100644
--- a/t/README
+++ b/t/README
@@ -50,6 +50,12 @@
     # Repeat until no more failures
     $ prove -j 15 --state=failed,save ./t[0-9]*.sh
 
+You can give DEFAULT_TEST_TARGET=prove on the make command (or define it
+in config.mak) to cause "make test" to run tests under prove.
+GIT_PROVE_OPTS can be used to pass additional options, e.g.
+
+    $ make DEFAULT_TEST_TARGET=prove GIT_PROVE_OPTS='--timer --jobs 16' test
+
 You can also run each test individually from command line, like this:
 
     $ sh ./t3010-ls-files-killed-modified.sh
@@ -73,6 +79,10 @@
 --debug::
 	This may help the person who is developing a new test.
 	It causes the command defined with test_debug to run.
+	The "trash" directory (used to store all temporary data
+	during testing) is not deleted even if there are no
+	failed tests so that you can inspect its contents after
+	the test finished.
 
 --immediate::
 	This causes the test to immediately exit upon the first
@@ -92,6 +102,13 @@
 	not see any output, this option implies --verbose.  For
 	convenience, it also implies --tee.
 
+	Note that valgrind is run with the option --leak-check=no,
+	as the git process is short-lived and some errors are not
+	interesting. In order to run a single command under the same
+	conditions manually, you should set GIT_VALGRIND to point to
+	the 't/valgrind/' directory and use the commands under
+	't/valgrind/bin/'.
+
 --tee::
 	In addition to printing the test output to the terminal,
 	write it to files named 't/test-results/$TEST_NAME.out'.
@@ -184,7 +201,7 @@
 If you create files under t/ directory (i.e. here) that is not
 the top-level test script, never name the file to match the above
 pattern.  The Makefile here considers all such files as the
-top-level test script and tries to run all of them.  A care is
+top-level test script and tries to run all of them.  Care is
 especially needed if you are creating a common test library
 file, similar to test-lib.sh, because such a library file may
 not be suitable for standalone execution.
@@ -259,27 +276,29 @@
 	test ...
 
    That way all of the commands in your tests will succeed or fail. If
-   you must ignore the return value of something (e.g., the return
-   after unsetting a variable that was already unset is unportable) it's
-   best to indicate so explicitly with a semicolon:
-
-	unset HLAGH;
-	git merge hla &&
-	git push gh &&
-	test ...
+   you must ignore the return value of something, consider using a
+   helper function (e.g. use sane_unset instead of unset, in order
+   to avoid unportable return value for unsetting a variable that was
+   already unset), or prepending the command with test_might_fail or
+   test_must_fail.
 
  - Check the test coverage for your tests. See the "Test coverage"
    below.
 
-   Don't blindly follow test coverage metrics, they're a good way to
-   spot if you've missed something. If a new function you added
-   doesn't have any coverage you're probably doing something wrong,
+   Don't blindly follow test coverage metrics; if a new function you added
+   doesn't have any coverage, then you're probably doing something wrong,
    but having 100% coverage doesn't necessarily mean that you tested
    everything.
 
    Tests that are likely to smoke out future regressions are better
    than tests that just inflate the coverage metrics.
 
+ - When a test checks for an absolute path that a git command generated,
+   construct the expected value using $(pwd) rather than $PWD,
+   $TEST_DIRECTORY, or $TRASH_DIRECTORY. It makes a difference on
+   Windows, where the shell (MSYS bash) mangles absolute path names.
+   For details, see the commit message of 4114156ae9.
+
 Don't:
 
  - exit() within a <script> part.
@@ -319,7 +338,7 @@
 Skipping tests
 --------------
 
-If you need to skip tests you should do so be using the three-arg form
+If you need to skip tests you should do so by using the three-arg form
 of the test_* functions (see the "Test harness library" section
 below), e.g.:
 
@@ -360,7 +379,7 @@
 
  - test_expect_success [<prereq>] <message> <script>
 
-   Usually takes two strings as parameter, and evaluates the
+   Usually takes two strings as parameters, and evaluates the
    <script>.  If it yields success, test is considered
    successful.  <message> should state what it is testing.
 
@@ -371,7 +390,7 @@
 	    'tree=$(git-write-tree)'
 
    If you supply three parameters the first will be taken to be a
-   prerequisite, see the test_set_prereq and test_have_prereq
+   prerequisite; see the test_set_prereq and test_have_prereq
    documentation below:
 
 	test_expect_success TTY 'git --paginate rev-list uses a pager' \
@@ -395,13 +414,6 @@
    Like test_expect_success this function can optionally use a three
    argument invocation with a prerequisite as the first argument.
 
- - test_expect_code [<prereq>] <code> <message> <script>
-
-   Analogous to test_expect_success, but pass the test if it exits
-   with a given exit <code>
-
- test_expect_code 1 'Merge with d/f conflicts' 'git merge "merge msg" B master'
-
  - test_debug <script>
 
    This takes a single argument, <script>, and evaluates it only
@@ -418,7 +430,7 @@
  - test_tick
 
    Make commit and tag names consistent by setting the author and
-   committer times to defined stated.  Subsequent calls will
+   committer times to defined state.  Subsequent calls will
    advance the times by a fixed amount.
 
  - test_commit <message> [<filename> [<contents>]]
@@ -434,7 +446,7 @@
    Merges the given rev using the given message.  Like test_commit,
    creates a tag and calls test_tick before committing.
 
- - test_set_prereq SOME_PREREQ
+ - test_set_prereq <prereq>
 
    Set a test prerequisite to be used later with test_have_prereq. The
    test-lib will set some prerequisites for you, see the
@@ -444,7 +456,7 @@
    test_have_prereq directly, or the three argument invocation of
    test_expect_success and test_expect_failure.
 
- - test_have_prereq SOME PREREQ
+ - test_have_prereq <prereq>
 
    Check if we have a prerequisite previously set with
    test_set_prereq. The most common use of this directly is to skip
@@ -482,6 +494,15 @@
 	    'Perl API' \
 	    "$PERL_PATH" "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t9700/test.pl
 
+ - test_expect_code <exit-code> <command>
+
+   Run a command and ensure that it exits with the given exit code.
+   For example:
+
+	test_expect_success 'Merge with d/f conflicts' '
+		test_expect_code 1 git merge "merge msg" B master
+	'
+
  - test_must_fail <git-command>
 
    Run a git command and ensure it fails in a controlled way.  Use
@@ -501,12 +522,17 @@
    <expected> file.  This behaves like "cmp" but produces more
    helpful output when the test is run with "-v" option.
 
- - test_path_is_file <file> [<diagnosis>]
-   test_path_is_dir <dir> [<diagnosis>]
+ - test_line_count (= | -lt | -ge | ...) <length> <file>
+
+   Check whether a file has the length it is expected to.
+
+ - test_path_is_file <path> [<diagnosis>]
+   test_path_is_dir <path> [<diagnosis>]
    test_path_is_missing <path> [<diagnosis>]
 
-   Check whether a file/directory exists or doesn't. <diagnosis> will
-   be displayed if the test fails.
+   Check if the named path is a file, if the named path is a
+   directory, or if the named path does not exist, respectively,
+   and fail otherwise, showing the <diagnosis> text.
 
  - test_when_finished <script>
 
diff --git a/t/annotate-tests.sh b/t/annotate-tests.sh
index 141b60c..c56a77d 100644
--- a/t/annotate-tests.sh
+++ b/t/annotate-tests.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # This file isn't used as a test script directly, instead it is
-# sourced from t8001-annotate.sh and t8001-blame.sh.
+# sourced from t8001-annotate.sh and t8002-blame.sh.
 
 check_count () {
 	head=
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@
     'prepare reference tree' \
     'echo "1A quick brown fox jumps over the" >file &&
      echo "lazy dog" >>file &&
-     git add file
-     GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="A" git commit -a -m "Initial."'
+     git add file &&
+     GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="A" GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="A@test.git" git commit -a -m "Initial."'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'check all lines blamed on A' \
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
     'Setup new lines blamed on B' \
     'echo "2A quick brown fox jumps over the" >>file &&
      echo "lazy dog" >> file &&
-     GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="B" git commit -a -m "Second."'
+     GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="B" GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="B@test.git" git commit -a -m "Second."'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'Two lines blamed on A, two on B' \
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
     'git checkout -b branch1 master &&
      echo "3A slow green fox jumps into the" >> file &&
      echo "well." >> file &&
-     GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="B1" git commit -a -m "Branch1-1"'
+     GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="B1" GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="B1@test.git" git commit -a -m "Branch1-1"'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'Two lines blamed on A, two on B, two on B1' \
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
     'git checkout -b branch2 master &&
      sed -e "s/2A quick brown/4A quick brown lazy dog/" < file > file.new &&
      mv file.new file &&
-     GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="B2" git commit -a -m "Branch2-1"'
+     GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="B2" GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="B2@test.git" git commit -a -m "Branch2-1"'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'Two lines blamed on A, one on B, one on B2' \
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@
 test_expect_success \
     'an incomplete line added' \
     'echo "incomplete" | tr -d "\\012" >>file &&
-    GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="C" git commit -a -m "Incomplete"'
+    GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="C" GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="C@test.git" git commit -a -m "Incomplete"'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'With incomplete lines.' \
@@ -119,8 +119,19 @@
 	echo
     } | sed -e "s/^3A/99/" -e "/^1A/d" -e "/^incomplete/d" > file &&
     echo "incomplete" | tr -d "\\012" >>file &&
-    GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="D" git commit -a -m "edit"'
+    GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="D" GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="D@test.git" git commit -a -m "edit"'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'some edit' \
     'check_count A 1 B 1 B1 1 B2 1 "A U Thor" 1 C 1 D 1'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'an obfuscated email added' \
+    'echo "No robots allowed" > file.new &&
+     cat file >> file.new &&
+     mv file.new file &&
+     GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="E" GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="E at test dot git" git commit -a -m "norobots"'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'obfuscated email parsed' \
+    'check_count A 1 B 1 B1 1 B2 1 "A U Thor" 1 C 1 D 1 E 1'
diff --git a/t/gitweb-lib.sh b/t/gitweb-lib.sh
index 8c490c8..143eb1f 100644
--- a/t/gitweb-lib.sh
+++ b/t/gitweb-lib.sh
@@ -32,17 +32,34 @@
 	cat >.git/description <<EOF
 $0 test repository
 EOF
+
+	# You can set the GITWEB_TEST_INSTALLED environment variable to
+	# the gitwebdir (the directory where gitweb is installed / deployed to)
+	# of an existing gitweb instalation to test that installation,
+	# or simply to pathname of installed gitweb script.
+	if test -n "$GITWEB_TEST_INSTALLED" ; then
+		if test -d $GITWEB_TEST_INSTALLED; then
+			SCRIPT_NAME="$GITWEB_TEST_INSTALLED/gitweb.cgi"
+		else
+			SCRIPT_NAME="$GITWEB_TEST_INSTALLED"
+		fi
+		test -f "$SCRIPT_NAME" ||
+		error "Cannot find gitweb at $GITWEB_TEST_INSTALLED."
+		say "# Testing $SCRIPT_NAME"
+	else # normal case, use source version of gitweb
+		SCRIPT_NAME="$GIT_BUILD_DIR/gitweb/gitweb.perl"
+	fi
+	export SCRIPT_NAME
 }
 
 gitweb_run () {
 	GATEWAY_INTERFACE='CGI/1.1'
 	HTTP_ACCEPT='*/*'
 	REQUEST_METHOD='GET'
-	SCRIPT_NAME="$GIT_BUILD_DIR/gitweb/gitweb.perl"
 	QUERY_STRING=""$1""
 	PATH_INFO=""$2""
 	export GATEWAY_INTERFACE HTTP_ACCEPT REQUEST_METHOD \
-		SCRIPT_NAME QUERY_STRING PATH_INFO
+		QUERY_STRING PATH_INFO
 
 	GITWEB_CONFIG=$(pwd)/gitweb_config.perl
 	export GITWEB_CONFIG
@@ -65,7 +82,12 @@
 		}
 		close O;
 	' gitweb.output &&
-	if grep '^[[]' gitweb.log >/dev/null 2>&1; then false; else true; fi
+	if grep '^[[]' gitweb.log >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+		test_debug 'cat gitweb.log >&2' &&
+		false
+	else
+		true
+	fi
 
 	# gitweb.log is left for debugging
 	# gitweb.output is used to parse HTTP output
@@ -80,7 +102,7 @@
 	test_done
 fi
 
-perl -MEncode -e 'decode_utf8("", Encode::FB_CROAK)' >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
+perl -MEncode -e '$e="";decode_utf8($e, Encode::FB_CROAK)' >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
 	skip_all='skipping gitweb tests, perl version is too old'
 	test_done
 }
diff --git a/t/lib-git-svn.sh b/t/lib-git-svn.sh
index 92d6d31..199f22c 100644
--- a/t/lib-git-svn.sh
+++ b/t/lib-git-svn.sh
@@ -68,41 +68,46 @@
 	svn "$orig_svncmd" --config-dir "$svnconf" "$@"
 }
 
-for d in \
-	"$SVN_HTTPD_PATH" \
-	/usr/sbin/apache2 \
-	/usr/sbin/httpd \
-; do
-	if test -f "$d"
+prepare_httpd () {
+	for d in \
+		"$SVN_HTTPD_PATH" \
+		/usr/sbin/apache2 \
+		/usr/sbin/httpd \
+	; do
+		if test -f "$d"
+		then
+			SVN_HTTPD_PATH="$d"
+			break
+		fi
+	done
+	if test -z "$SVN_HTTPD_PATH"
 	then
-		SVN_HTTPD_PATH="$d"
-		break
+		echo >&2 '*** error: Apache not found'
+		return 1
 	fi
-done
-for d in \
-	"$SVN_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH" \
-	/usr/lib/apache2/modules \
-	/usr/libexec/apache2 \
-; do
-	if test -d "$d"
+	for d in \
+		"$SVN_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH" \
+		/usr/lib/apache2/modules \
+		/usr/libexec/apache2 \
+	; do
+		if test -d "$d"
+		then
+			SVN_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH="$d"
+			break
+		fi
+	done
+	if test -z "$SVN_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH"
 	then
-		SVN_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH="$d"
-		break
+		echo >&2 '*** error: Apache module dir not found'
+		return 1
 	fi
-done
-
-start_httpd () {
-	repo_base_path="$1"
-	if test -z "$SVN_HTTPD_PORT"
+	if test ! -f "$SVN_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH/mod_dav_svn.so"
 	then
-		echo >&2 'SVN_HTTPD_PORT is not defined!'
-		return
-	fi
-	if test -z "$repo_base_path"
-	then
-		repo_base_path=svn
+		echo >&2 '*** error: Apache module "mod_dav_svn" not found'
+		return 1
 	fi
 
+	repo_base_path="${1-svn}"
 	mkdir "$GIT_DIR"/logs
 
 	cat > "$GIT_DIR/httpd.conf" <<EOF
@@ -119,12 +124,24 @@
 	SVNPath "$rawsvnrepo"
 </Location>
 EOF
+}
+
+start_httpd () {
+	if test -z "$SVN_HTTPD_PORT"
+	then
+		echo >&2 'SVN_HTTPD_PORT is not defined!'
+		return
+	fi
+
+	prepare_httpd "$1" || return 1
+
 	"$SVN_HTTPD_PATH" -f "$GIT_DIR"/httpd.conf -k start
 	svnrepo="http://127.0.0.1:$SVN_HTTPD_PORT/$repo_base_path"
 }
 
 stop_httpd () {
 	test -z "$SVN_HTTPD_PORT" && return
+	test ! -f "$GIT_DIR/httpd.conf" && return
 	"$SVN_HTTPD_PATH" -f "$GIT_DIR"/httpd.conf -k stop
 }
 
diff --git a/t/lib-httpd.sh b/t/lib-httpd.sh
index e733f65..b8996a3 100644
--- a/t/lib-httpd.sh
+++ b/t/lib-httpd.sh
@@ -75,12 +75,14 @@
 
 prepare_httpd() {
 	mkdir -p "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"
+	cp "$TEST_PATH"/passwd "$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"
 
 	ln -s "$LIB_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH" "$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH/modules"
 
 	if test -n "$LIB_HTTPD_SSL"
 	then
 		HTTPD_URL=https://127.0.0.1:$LIB_HTTPD_PORT
+		AUTH_HTTPD_URL=https://user%40host:user%40host@127.0.0.1:$LIB_HTTPD_PORT
 
 		RANDFILE_PATH="$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"/.rnd openssl req \
 			-config "$TEST_PATH/ssl.cnf" \
@@ -92,6 +94,7 @@
 		HTTPD_PARA="$HTTPD_PARA -DSSL"
 	else
 		HTTPD_URL=http://127.0.0.1:$LIB_HTTPD_PORT
+		AUTH_HTTPD_URL=http://user%40host:user%40host@127.0.0.1:$LIB_HTTPD_PORT
 	fi
 
 	if test -n "$LIB_HTTPD_DAV" -o -n "$LIB_HTTPD_SVN"
@@ -155,7 +158,6 @@
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success 'non-fast-forward push shows help message' '
-		grep "To prevent you from losing history, non-fast-forward updates were rejected" \
-			output
+		test_i18ngrep "To prevent you from losing history, non-fast-forward updates were rejected" output
 	'
 }
diff --git a/t/lib-httpd/apache.conf b/t/lib-httpd/apache.conf
index 4961505..0a4cdfa 100644
--- a/t/lib-httpd/apache.conf
+++ b/t/lib-httpd/apache.conf
@@ -17,8 +17,33 @@
 <IfModule !mod_env.c>
 	LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so
 </IfModule>
+<IfModule !mod_rewrite.c>
+	LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
+</IFModule>
+<IfModule !mod_version.c>
+	LoadModule version_module modules/mod_version.so
+</IfModule>
+
+<IfVersion < 2.1>
+<IfModule !mod_auth.c>
+	LoadModule auth_module modules/mod_auth.so
+</IfModule>
+</IfVersion>
+
+<IfVersion >= 2.1>
+<IfModule !mod_auth_basic.c>
+	LoadModule auth_basic_module modules/mod_auth_basic.so
+</IfModule>
+<IfModule !mod_authn_file.c>
+	LoadModule authn_file_module modules/mod_authn_file.so
+</IfModule>
+<IfModule !mod_authz_user.c>
+	LoadModule authz_user_module modules/mod_authz_user.so
+</IfModule>
+</IfVersion>
 
 Alias /dumb/ www/
+Alias /auth/ www/auth/
 
 <Location /smart/>
 	SetEnv GIT_EXEC_PATH ${GIT_EXEC_PATH}
@@ -36,6 +61,10 @@
 	Options ExecCGI
 </Files>
 
+RewriteEngine on
+RewriteRule ^/smart-redir-perm/(.*)$ /smart/$1 [R=301]
+RewriteRule ^/smart-redir-temp/(.*)$ /smart/$1 [R=302]
+
 <IfDefine SSL>
 LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so
 
@@ -48,6 +77,13 @@
 SSLEngine On
 </IfDefine>
 
+<Location /auth/>
+	AuthType Basic
+	AuthName "git-auth"
+	AuthUserFile passwd
+	Require valid-user
+</Location>
+
 <IfDefine DAV>
 	LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so
 	LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so
diff --git a/t/lib-httpd/passwd b/t/lib-httpd/passwd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f2fbcad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/lib-httpd/passwd
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+user@host:nKpa8pZUHx/ic
diff --git a/t/lib-terminal.sh b/t/lib-terminal.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..58d911d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/lib-terminal.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'set up terminal for tests' '
+	# Reading from the pty master seems to get stuck _sometimes_
+	# on Mac OS X 10.5.0, using Perl 5.10.0 or 5.8.9.
+	#
+	# Reproduction recipe: run
+	#
+	#	i=0
+	#	while ./test-terminal.perl echo hi $i
+	#	do
+	#		: $((i = $i + 1))
+	#	done
+	#
+	# After 2000 iterations or so it hangs.
+	# https://rt.cpan.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=65692
+	#
+	if test "$(uname -s)" = Darwin
+	then
+		:
+	elif
+		"$PERL_PATH" "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test-terminal.perl \
+			sh -c "test -t 1 && test -t 2"
+	then
+		test_set_prereq TTY &&
+		test_terminal () {
+			if ! test_declared_prereq TTY
+			then
+				echo >&4 "test_terminal: need to declare TTY prerequisite"
+				return 127
+			fi
+			"$PERL_PATH" "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test-terminal.perl "$@"
+		}
+	fi
+'
diff --git a/t/t0000-basic.sh b/t/t0000-basic.sh
index f688bd3..f4e8f43 100755
--- a/t/t0000-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t0000-basic.sh
@@ -80,11 +80,11 @@
     chmod +x passing-todo.sh &&
     ./passing-todo.sh >out 2>err &&
     ! test -s err &&
-cat >expect <<EOF &&
-ok 1 - pretend we have fixed a known breakage # TODO known breakage
-# fixed 1 known breakage(s)
-# passed all 1 test(s)
-1..1
+sed -e 's/^> //' >expect <<EOF &&
+> ok 1 - pretend we have fixed a known breakage # TODO known breakage
+> # fixed 1 known breakage(s)
+> # passed all 1 test(s)
+> 1..1
 EOF
     test_cmp expect out)
 "
@@ -130,22 +130,57 @@
     test_when_finished clean=yes
 '
 
-cleaner=no
-test_expect_code 1 'tests clean up even after a failure' '
-    test_when_finished cleaner=yes &&
-    (exit 1)
-'
-
-if test $clean$cleaner != yesyes
+if test $clean != yes
 then
-	say "bug in test framework: cleanup commands do not work reliably"
+	say "bug in test framework: basic cleanup command does not work reliably"
 	exit 1
 fi
 
-test_expect_code 2 'failure to clean up causes the test to fail' '
-    test_when_finished "(exit 2)"
+test_expect_success 'tests clean up even on failures' "
+    mkdir failing-cleanup &&
+    (cd failing-cleanup &&
+    cat >failing-cleanup.sh <<EOF &&
+#!$SHELL_PATH
+
+test_description='Failing tests with cleanup commands'
+
+# Point to the t/test-lib.sh, which isn't in ../ as usual
+TEST_DIRECTORY=\"$TEST_DIRECTORY\"
+. \"\$TEST_DIRECTORY\"/test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'tests clean up even after a failure' '
+    touch clean-after-failure &&
+    test_when_finished rm clean-after-failure &&
+    (exit 1)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'failure to clean up causes the test to fail' '
+    test_when_finished \"(exit 2)\"
+'
+
+test_done
+EOF
+    chmod +x failing-cleanup.sh &&
+    test_must_fail ./failing-cleanup.sh >out 2>err &&
+    ! test -s err &&
+    ! test -f \"trash directory.failing-cleanup/clean-after-failure\" &&
+sed -e 's/Z$//' -e 's/^> //' >expect <<\EOF &&
+> not ok - 1 tests clean up even after a failure
+> #	Z
+> #	    touch clean-after-failure &&
+> #	    test_when_finished rm clean-after-failure &&
+> #	    (exit 1)
+> #	Z
+> not ok - 2 failure to clean up causes the test to fail
+> #	Z
+> #	    test_when_finished \"(exit 2)\"
+> #	Z
+> # failed 2 among 2 test(s)
+> 1..2
+EOF
+    test_cmp expect out)
+"
+
 ################################################################
 # Basics of the basics
 
@@ -400,7 +435,7 @@
 	test $numpath0 = 1
 '
 
-test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'absolute path works as expected' '
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'real path works as expected' '
 	mkdir first &&
 	ln -s ../.git first/.git &&
 	mkdir second &&
@@ -408,14 +443,14 @@
 	mkdir third &&
 	dir="$(cd .git; pwd -P)" &&
 	dir2=third/../second/other/.git &&
-	test "$dir" = "$(test-path-utils make_absolute_path $dir2)" &&
+	test "$dir" = "$(test-path-utils real_path $dir2)" &&
 	file="$dir"/index &&
-	test "$file" = "$(test-path-utils make_absolute_path $dir2/index)" &&
+	test "$file" = "$(test-path-utils real_path $dir2/index)" &&
 	basename=blub &&
-	test "$dir/$basename" = "$(cd .git && test-path-utils make_absolute_path "$basename")" &&
+	test "$dir/$basename" = "$(cd .git && test-path-utils real_path "$basename")" &&
 	ln -s ../first/file .git/syml &&
 	sym="$(cd first; pwd -P)"/file &&
-	test "$sym" = "$(test-path-utils make_absolute_path "$dir2/syml")"
+	test "$sym" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "$dir2/syml")"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'very long name in the index handled sanely' '
diff --git a/t/t0001-init.sh b/t/t0001-init.sh
index 7fe8883..ad66410 100755
--- a/t/t0001-init.sh
+++ b/t/t0001-init.sh
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'plain' '
 	(
-		unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE
+		sane_unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
 		mkdir plain &&
 		cd plain &&
 		git init
@@ -33,9 +33,65 @@
 	check_config plain/.git false unset
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'plain nested in bare' '
+	(
+		sane_unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
+		git init --bare bare-ancestor.git &&
+		cd bare-ancestor.git &&
+		mkdir plain-nested &&
+		cd plain-nested &&
+		git init
+	) &&
+	check_config bare-ancestor.git/plain-nested/.git false unset
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'plain through aliased command, outside any git repo' '
+	(
+		sane_unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
+		HOME=$(pwd)/alias-config &&
+		export HOME &&
+		mkdir alias-config &&
+		echo "[alias] aliasedinit = init" >alias-config/.gitconfig &&
+
+		GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES=$(pwd) &&
+		export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES &&
+
+		mkdir plain-aliased &&
+		cd plain-aliased &&
+		git aliasedinit
+	) &&
+	check_config plain-aliased/.git false unset
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'plain nested through aliased command' '
+	(
+		sane_unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
+		git init plain-ancestor-aliased &&
+		cd plain-ancestor-aliased &&
+		echo "[alias] aliasedinit = init" >>.git/config &&
+		mkdir plain-nested &&
+		cd plain-nested &&
+		git aliasedinit
+	) &&
+	check_config plain-ancestor-aliased/plain-nested/.git false unset
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'plain nested in bare through aliased command' '
+	(
+		sane_unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
+		git init --bare bare-ancestor-aliased.git &&
+		cd bare-ancestor-aliased.git &&
+		echo "[alias] aliasedinit = init" >>config &&
+		mkdir plain-nested &&
+		cd plain-nested &&
+		git aliasedinit
+	) &&
+	check_config bare-ancestor-aliased.git/plain-nested/.git false unset
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'plain with GIT_WORK_TREE' '
 	if (
-		unset GIT_DIR
+		sane_unset GIT_DIR &&
 		mkdir plain-wt &&
 		cd plain-wt &&
 		GIT_WORK_TREE=$(pwd) git init
@@ -48,7 +104,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'plain bare' '
 	(
-		unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE GIT_CONFIG
+		sane_unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE GIT_CONFIG &&
 		mkdir plain-bare-1 &&
 		cd plain-bare-1 &&
 		git --bare init
@@ -58,7 +114,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'plain bare with GIT_WORK_TREE' '
 	if (
-		unset GIT_DIR GIT_CONFIG
+		sane_unset GIT_DIR GIT_CONFIG &&
 		mkdir plain-bare-2 &&
 		cd plain-bare-2 &&
 		GIT_WORK_TREE=$(pwd) git --bare init
@@ -72,7 +128,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'GIT_DIR bare' '
 
 	(
-		unset GIT_CONFIG
+		sane_unset GIT_CONFIG &&
 		mkdir git-dir-bare.git &&
 		GIT_DIR=git-dir-bare.git git init
 	) &&
@@ -82,7 +138,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'init --bare' '
 
 	(
-		unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE GIT_CONFIG
+		sane_unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE GIT_CONFIG &&
 		mkdir init-bare.git &&
 		cd init-bare.git &&
 		git init --bare
@@ -93,7 +149,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'GIT_DIR non-bare' '
 
 	(
-		unset GIT_CONFIG
+		sane_unset GIT_CONFIG &&
 		mkdir non-bare &&
 		cd non-bare &&
 		GIT_DIR=.git git init
@@ -104,7 +160,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'GIT_DIR & GIT_WORK_TREE (1)' '
 
 	(
-		unset GIT_CONFIG
+		sane_unset GIT_CONFIG &&
 		mkdir git-dir-wt-1.git &&
 		GIT_WORK_TREE=$(pwd) GIT_DIR=git-dir-wt-1.git git init
 	) &&
@@ -114,7 +170,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'GIT_DIR & GIT_WORK_TREE (2)' '
 
 	if (
-		unset GIT_CONFIG
+		sane_unset GIT_CONFIG &&
 		mkdir git-dir-wt-2.git &&
 		GIT_WORK_TREE=$(pwd) GIT_DIR=git-dir-wt-2.git git --bare init
 	)
@@ -127,18 +183,18 @@
 test_expect_success 'reinit' '
 
 	(
-		unset GIT_CONFIG GIT_WORK_TREE GIT_CONFIG
+		sane_unset GIT_CONFIG GIT_WORK_TREE GIT_CONFIG &&
 
 		mkdir again &&
 		cd again &&
 		git init >out1 2>err1 &&
 		git init >out2 2>err2
 	) &&
-	grep "Initialized empty" again/out1 &&
-	grep "Reinitialized existing" again/out2 &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Initialized empty" again/out1 &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Reinitialized existing" again/out2 &&
 	>again/empty &&
-	test_cmp again/empty again/err1 &&
-	test_cmp again/empty again/err2
+	test_i18ncmp again/empty again/err1 &&
+	test_i18ncmp again/empty again/err2
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'init with --template' '
@@ -175,8 +231,7 @@
 		git config -f "$test_config"  init.templatedir "${HOME}/templatedir-source" &&
 		mkdir templatedir-set &&
 		cd templatedir-set &&
-		unset GIT_CONFIG_NOGLOBAL &&
-		unset GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR &&
+		sane_unset GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR &&
 		NO_SET_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR=t &&
 		export NO_SET_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR &&
 		git init
@@ -187,7 +242,6 @@
 test_expect_success 'init --bare/--shared overrides system/global config' '
 	(
 		test_config="$HOME"/.gitconfig &&
-		unset GIT_CONFIG_NOGLOBAL &&
 		git config -f "$test_config" core.bare false &&
 		git config -f "$test_config" core.sharedRepository 0640 &&
 		mkdir init-bare-shared-override &&
@@ -202,7 +256,6 @@
 test_expect_success 'init honors global core.sharedRepository' '
 	(
 		test_config="$HOME"/.gitconfig &&
-		unset GIT_CONFIG_NOGLOBAL &&
 		git config -f "$test_config" core.sharedRepository 0666 &&
 		mkdir shared-honor-global &&
 		cd shared-honor-global &&
@@ -318,4 +371,50 @@
 	! test -d otherdir/refs
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'init with separate gitdir' '
+	rm -rf newdir &&
+	git init --separate-git-dir realgitdir newdir &&
+	echo "gitdir: `pwd`/realgitdir" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected newdir/.git &&
+	test -d realgitdir/refs
+'
+
+test_expect_success 're-init to update git link' '
+	(
+	cd newdir &&
+	git init --separate-git-dir ../surrealgitdir
+	) &&
+	echo "gitdir: `pwd`/surrealgitdir" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected newdir/.git &&
+	test -d surrealgitdir/refs &&
+	! test -d realgitdir/refs
+'
+
+test_expect_success 're-init to move gitdir' '
+	rm -rf newdir realgitdir surrealgitdir &&
+	git init newdir &&
+	(
+	cd newdir &&
+	git init --separate-git-dir ../realgitdir
+	) &&
+	echo "gitdir: `pwd`/realgitdir" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected newdir/.git &&
+	test -d realgitdir/refs
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 're-init to move gitdir symlink' '
+	rm -rf newdir realgitdir &&
+	git init newdir &&
+	(
+	cd newdir &&
+	mv .git here &&
+	ln -s here .git &&
+	git init --separate-git-dir ../realgitdir
+	) &&
+	echo "gitdir: `pwd`/realgitdir" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected newdir/.git &&
+	test -d realgitdir/refs &&
+	! test -d newdir/here
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0003-attributes.sh b/t/t0003-attributes.sh
index 25205ac..ebbc755 100755
--- a/t/t0003-attributes.sh
+++ b/t/t0003-attributes.sh
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 	) >a/b/.gitattributes
 	(
 		echo "global test=global"
-	) >$HOME/global-gitattributes
+	) >"$HOME"/global-gitattributes
 
 '
 
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'attribute test: read paths from stdin' '
 
-	cat <<EOF > expect
+	cat <<EOF > expect &&
 f: test: f
 a/f: test: f
 a/c/f: test: f
diff --git a/t/t0006-date.sh b/t/t0006-date.sh
index 1d4d0a5..f87abb5 100755
--- a/t/t0006-date.sh
+++ b/t/t0006-date.sh
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 check_show 55188000 '1 year, 9 months ago'
 check_show 630000000 '20 years ago'
 check_show 31449600 '12 months ago'
+check_show 62985600 '2 years ago'
 
 check_parse() {
 	echo "$1 -> $2" >expect
diff --git a/t/t0020-crlf.sh b/t/t0020-crlf.sh
index 234a94f..1a8f44c 100755
--- a/t/t0020-crlf.sh
+++ b/t/t0020-crlf.sh
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@
 	git rm .gitattributes &&
 	echo "contentsQ" | q_to_cr > .file2 &&
 	git add .file2 &&
-	git commit -m third
+	git commit -m third &&
 
 	git checkout master~1 &&
 	git checkout master &&
diff --git a/t/t0021-conversion.sh b/t/t0021-conversion.sh
index 828e35b..9078b84 100755
--- a/t/t0021-conversion.sh
+++ b/t/t0021-conversion.sh
@@ -93,4 +93,47 @@
 	cmp expanded-keywords expected-output
 '
 
+# The use of %f in a filter definition is expanded to the path to
+# the filename being smudged or cleaned.  It must be shell escaped.
+# First, set up some interesting file names and pet them in
+# .gitattributes.
+test_expect_success 'filter shell-escaped filenames' '
+	cat >argc.sh <<-EOF &&
+	#!$SHELL_PATH
+	cat >/dev/null
+	echo argc: \$# "\$@"
+	EOF
+	normal=name-no-magic &&
+	special="name  with '\''sq'\'' and \$x" &&
+	echo some test text >"$normal" &&
+	echo some test text >"$special" &&
+	git add "$normal" "$special" &&
+	git commit -q -m "add files" &&
+	echo "name* filter=argc" >.gitattributes &&
+
+	# delete the files and check them out again, using a smudge filter
+	# that will count the args and echo the command-line back to us
+	git config filter.argc.smudge "sh ./argc.sh %f" &&
+	rm "$normal" "$special" &&
+	git checkout -- "$normal" "$special" &&
+
+	# make sure argc.sh counted the right number of args
+	echo "argc: 1 $normal" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect "$normal" &&
+	echo "argc: 1 $special" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect "$special" &&
+
+	# do the same thing, but with more args in the filter expression
+	git config filter.argc.smudge "sh ./argc.sh %f --my-extra-arg" &&
+	rm "$normal" "$special" &&
+	git checkout -- "$normal" "$special" &&
+
+	# make sure argc.sh counted the right number of args
+	echo "argc: 2 $normal --my-extra-arg" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect "$normal" &&
+	echo "argc: 2 $special --my-extra-arg" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect "$special" &&
+	:
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0024-crlf-archive.sh b/t/t0024-crlf-archive.sh
index c7d0324..ec6c1b3 100755
--- a/t/t0024-crlf-archive.sh
+++ b/t/t0024-crlf-archive.sh
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 
-	git config core.autocrlf true
+	git config core.autocrlf true &&
 
 	printf "CRLF line ending\r\nAnd another\r\n" > sample &&
 	git add sample &&
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'tar archive' '
 
 	git archive --format=tar HEAD |
-	( mkdir untarred && cd untarred && "$TAR" -xf - )
+	( mkdir untarred && cd untarred && "$TAR" -xf - ) &&
 
 	test_cmp sample untarred/sample
 
diff --git a/t/t0026-eol-config.sh b/t/t0026-eol-config.sh
index f37ac8f..fe0164b 100755
--- a/t/t0026-eol-config.sh
+++ b/t/t0026-eol-config.sh
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 
 	git config core.autocrlf false &&
 
-	echo "one text" > .gitattributes
+	echo "one text" > .gitattributes &&
 
 	for w in Hello world how are you; do echo $w; done >one &&
 	for w in I am very very fine thank you; do echo $w; done >two &&
diff --git a/t/t0040-parse-options.sh b/t/t0040-parse-options.sh
index 2092450..ae26614 100755
--- a/t/t0040-parse-options.sh
+++ b/t/t0040-parse-options.sh
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
     --set23               set integer to 23
     -t <time>             get timestamp of <time>
     -L, --length <str>    get length of <str>
-    -F, --file <FILE>     set file to <FILE>
+    -F, --file <file>     set file to <file>
 
 String options
     -s, --string <string>
diff --git a/t/t0050-filesystem.sh b/t/t0050-filesystem.sh
index 41df6bc..1542cf6 100755
--- a/t/t0050-filesystem.sh
+++ b/t/t0050-filesystem.sh
@@ -4,22 +4,22 @@
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-auml=`printf '\xc3\xa4'`
-aumlcdiar=`printf '\x61\xcc\x88'`
+auml=$(printf '\303\244')
+aumlcdiar=$(printf '\141\314\210')
 
 case_insensitive=
 unibad=
 no_symlinks=
 test_expect_success 'see what we expect' '
 
-	test_case=test_expect_success
-	test_unicode=test_expect_success
+	test_case=test_expect_success &&
+	test_unicode=test_expect_success &&
 	mkdir junk &&
 	echo good >junk/CamelCase &&
 	echo bad >junk/camelcase &&
 	if test "$(cat junk/CamelCase)" != good
 	then
-		test_case=test_expect_failure
+		test_case=test_expect_failure &&
 		case_insensitive=t
 	fi &&
 	rm -fr junk &&
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 	>junk/"$auml" &&
 	case "$(cd junk && echo *)" in
 	"$aumlcdiar")
-		test_unicode=test_expect_failure
+		test_unicode=test_expect_failure &&
 		unibad=t
 		;;
 	*)	;;
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 	{
 		ln -s x y 2> /dev/null &&
 		test -h y 2> /dev/null ||
-		no_symlinks=1
+		no_symlinks=1 &&
 		rm -f y
 	}
 '
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
   cd unicode &&
   touch "$aumlcdiar" &&
   git add "$aumlcdiar" &&
-  git commit -m initial
+  git commit -m initial &&
   git tag initial &&
   git checkout -b topic &&
   git mv $aumlcdiar tmp &&
diff --git a/t/t0061-run-command.sh b/t/t0061-run-command.sh
index 10b26e4..8d4938f 100755
--- a/t/t0061-run-command.sh
+++ b/t/t0061-run-command.sh
@@ -7,8 +7,31 @@
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+cat >hello-script <<-EOF
+	#!$SHELL_PATH
+	cat hello-script
+EOF
+>empty
+
 test_expect_success 'start_command reports ENOENT' '
 	test-run-command start-command-ENOENT ./does-not-exist
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'run_command can run a command' '
+	cat hello-script >hello.sh &&
+	chmod +x hello.sh &&
+	test-run-command run-command ./hello.sh >actual 2>err &&
+
+	test_cmp hello-script actual &&
+	test_cmp empty err
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'run_command reports EACCES' '
+	cat hello-script >hello.sh &&
+	chmod -x hello.sh &&
+	test_must_fail test-run-command run-command ./hello.sh 2>err &&
+
+	grep "fatal: cannot exec.*hello.sh" err
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0070-fundamental.sh b/t/t0070-fundamental.sh
index 680d7d6..9bee8bf 100755
--- a/t/t0070-fundamental.sh
+++ b/t/t0070-fundamental.sh
@@ -12,4 +12,17 @@
 	test-ctype
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'mktemp to nonexistent directory prints filename' '
+	test_must_fail test-mktemp doesnotexist/testXXXXXX 2>err &&
+	grep "doesnotexist/test" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'mktemp to unwritable directory prints filename' '
+	mkdir cannotwrite &&
+	chmod -w cannotwrite &&
+	test_when_finished "chmod +w cannotwrite" &&
+	test_must_fail test-mktemp cannotwrite/testXXXXXX 2>err &&
+	grep "cannotwrite/test" err
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0080-vcs-svn.sh b/t/t0080-vcs-svn.sh
index d3225ad..99a314b 100755
--- a/t/t0080-vcs-svn.sh
+++ b/t/t0080-vcs-svn.sh
@@ -76,60 +76,6 @@
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'line buffer' '
-	echo HELLO >expected1 &&
-	printf "%s\n" "" HELLO >expected2 &&
-	echo >expected3 &&
-	printf "%s\n" "" Q | q_to_nul >expected4 &&
-	printf "%s\n" foo "" >expected5 &&
-	printf "%s\n" "" foo >expected6 &&
-
-	test-line-buffer <<-\EOF >actual1 &&
-	5
-	HELLO
-	EOF
-
-	test-line-buffer <<-\EOF >actual2 &&
-	0
-
-	5
-	HELLO
-	EOF
-
-	q_to_nul <<-\EOF |
-	1
-	Q
-	EOF
-	test-line-buffer >actual3 &&
-
-	q_to_nul <<-\EOF |
-	0
-
-	1
-	Q
-	EOF
-	test-line-buffer >actual4 &&
-
-	test-line-buffer <<-\EOF >actual5 &&
-	5
-	foo
-	EOF
-
-	test-line-buffer <<-\EOF >actual6 &&
-	0
-
-	5
-	foo
-	EOF
-
-	test_cmp expected1 actual1 &&
-	test_cmp expected2 actual2 &&
-	test_cmp expected3 actual3 &&
-	test_cmp expected4 actual4 &&
-	test_cmp expected5 actual5 &&
-	test_cmp expected6 actual6
-'
-
 test_expect_success 'string pool' '
 	echo a does not equal b >expected.differ &&
 	echo a equals a >expected.match &&
diff --git a/t/t0081-line-buffer.sh b/t/t0081-line-buffer.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..bd83ed3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0081-line-buffer.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description="Test the svn importer's input handling routines.
+
+These tests provide some simple checks that the line_buffer API
+behaves as advertised.
+
+While at it, check that input of newlines and null bytes are handled
+correctly.
+"
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'hello world' '
+	echo ">HELLO" >expect &&
+	test-line-buffer <<-\EOF >actual &&
+	binary 6
+	HELLO
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '0-length read, send along greeting' '
+	echo ">HELLO" >expect &&
+	test-line-buffer <<-\EOF >actual &&
+	binary 0
+	copy 6
+	HELLO
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'read from file descriptor' '
+	rm -f input &&
+	echo hello >expect &&
+	echo hello >input &&
+	echo copy 6 |
+	test-line-buffer "&4" 4<input >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'skip, copy null byte' '
+	echo Q | q_to_nul >expect &&
+	q_to_nul <<-\EOF | test-line-buffer >actual &&
+	skip 2
+	Q
+	copy 2
+	Q
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'read null byte' '
+	echo ">QhelloQ" | q_to_nul >expect &&
+	q_to_nul <<-\EOF | test-line-buffer >actual &&
+	binary 8
+	QhelloQ
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'long reads are truncated' '
+	echo ">foo" >expect &&
+	test-line-buffer <<-\EOF >actual &&
+	binary 5
+	foo
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'long copies are truncated' '
+	printf "%s\n" ">" foo >expect &&
+	test-line-buffer <<-\EOF >actual &&
+	binary 1
+
+	copy 5
+	foo
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'long binary reads are truncated' '
+	echo ">foo" >expect &&
+	test-line-buffer <<-\EOF >actual &&
+	binary 5
+	foo
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1000-read-tree-m-3way.sh b/t/t1000-read-tree-m-3way.sh
index 4f17172..ca8a409 100755
--- a/t/t1000-read-tree-m-3way.sh
+++ b/t/t1000-read-tree-m-3way.sh
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@
 test_expect_success \
     '6 - must not exist in O && !A && !B case' "
      rm -f .git/index DD &&
-     echo DD >DD
+     echo DD >DD &&
      git update-index --add DD &&
      test_must_fail git read-tree -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
 "
diff --git a/t/t1001-read-tree-m-2way.sh b/t/t1001-read-tree-m-2way.sh
index 93ca84f..680d992 100755
--- a/t/t1001-read-tree-m-2way.sh
+++ b/t/t1001-read-tree-m-2way.sh
@@ -98,8 +98,8 @@
      git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
      git update-index --add yomin &&
      read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git ls-files --stage >4.out || return 1
-     git diff --no-index M.out 4.out >4diff.out
+     git ls-files --stage >4.out &&
+     test_must_fail git diff --no-index M.out 4.out >4diff.out &&
      compare_change 4diff.out expected &&
      check_cache_at yomin clean'
 
@@ -112,8 +112,8 @@
      git update-index --add yomin &&
      echo yomin yomin >yomin &&
      read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git ls-files --stage >5.out || return 1
-     git diff --no-index M.out 5.out >5diff.out
+     git ls-files --stage >5.out &&
+     test_must_fail git diff --no-index M.out 5.out >5diff.out &&
      compare_change 5diff.out expected &&
      check_cache_at yomin dirty'
 
@@ -213,8 +213,8 @@
      echo nitfol nitfol >nitfol &&
      git update-index --add nitfol &&
      read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git ls-files --stage >14.out || return 1
-     git diff --no-index M.out 14.out >14diff.out
+     git ls-files --stage >14.out &&
+     test_must_fail git diff --no-index M.out 14.out >14diff.out &&
      compare_change 14diff.out expected &&
      check_cache_at nitfol clean'
 
@@ -227,8 +227,8 @@
      git update-index --add nitfol &&
      echo nitfol nitfol nitfol >nitfol &&
      read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git ls-files --stage >15.out || return 1
-     git diff --no-index M.out 15.out >15diff.out
+     git ls-files --stage >15.out &&
+     test_must_fail git diff --no-index M.out 15.out >15diff.out &&
      compare_change 15diff.out expected &&
      check_cache_at nitfol dirty'
 
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@
      git ls-files --stage >treeM.out &&
 
      rm -f a &&
-     mkdir a
+     mkdir a &&
      : >a/b &&
      git update-index --add --remove a a/b &&
      treeH=`git write-tree` &&
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@
 	echo >file-a &&
 	echo >file-b &&
 	git add file-a file-b &&
-	git commit -a -m "test for correct modified tree"
+	git commit -a -m "test for correct modified tree" &&
 	git branch initial-mod &&
 	echo b >file-b &&
 	git commit -a -m "B" &&
diff --git a/t/t1002-read-tree-m-u-2way.sh b/t/t1002-read-tree-m-u-2way.sh
index 0241329..a4a17e0 100755
--- a/t/t1002-read-tree-m-u-2way.sh
+++ b/t/t1002-read-tree-m-u-2way.sh
@@ -205,8 +205,8 @@
      echo nitfol nitfol >nitfol &&
      git update-index --add nitfol &&
      git read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
-     git ls-files --stage >14.out || return 1
-     git diff -U0 --no-index M.out 14.out >14diff.out
+     git ls-files --stage >14.out &&
+     test_must_fail git diff -U0 --no-index M.out 14.out >14diff.out &&
      compare_change 14diff.out expected &&
      sum bozbar frotz >actual14.sum &&
      grep -v nitfol M.sum > expected14.sum &&
@@ -226,8 +226,8 @@
      git update-index --add nitfol &&
      echo nitfol nitfol nitfol >nitfol &&
      git read-tree -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
-     git ls-files --stage >15.out || return 1
-     git diff -U0 --no-index M.out 15.out >15diff.out
+     git ls-files --stage >15.out &&
+     test_must_fail git diff -U0 --no-index M.out 15.out >15diff.out &&
      compare_change 15diff.out expected &&
      check_cache_at nitfol dirty &&
      sum bozbar frotz >actual15.sum &&
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@
 # Also make sure we did not break DF vs DF/DF case.
 test_expect_success \
     'DF vs DF/DF case setup.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index
+    'rm -f .git/index &&
      echo DF >DF &&
      git update-index --add DF &&
      treeDF=`git write-tree` &&
diff --git a/t/t1007-hash-object.sh b/t/t1007-hash-object.sh
index dd32432..6d52b82 100755
--- a/t/t1007-hash-object.sh
+++ b/t/t1007-hash-object.sh
@@ -188,4 +188,17 @@
 	pop_repo
 done
 
+test_expect_success 'corrupt tree' '
+	echo abc >malformed-tree
+	test_must_fail git hash-object -t tree malformed-tree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'corrupt commit' '
+	test_must_fail git hash-object -t commit --stdin </dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'corrupt tag' '
+	test_must_fail git hash-object -t tag --stdin </dev/null
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1011-read-tree-sparse-checkout.sh b/t/t1011-read-tree-sparse-checkout.sh
index 9a07de1..de84e35 100755
--- a/t/t1011-read-tree-sparse-checkout.sh
+++ b/t/t1011-read-tree-sparse-checkout.sh
@@ -17,17 +17,19 @@
 	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
 	100644 77f0ba1734ed79d12881f81b36ee134de6a3327b 0	init.t
 	100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	sub/added
+	100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	subsub/added
 	EOF
 	cat >expected.swt <<-\EOF &&
 	H init.t
 	H sub/added
+	H subsub/added
 	EOF
 
 	test_commit init &&
 	echo modified >>init.t &&
-	mkdir sub &&
-	touch sub/added &&
-	git add init.t sub/added &&
+	mkdir sub subsub &&
+	touch sub/added subsub/added &&
+	git add init.t sub/added subsub/added &&
 	git commit -m "modified and added" &&
 	git tag top &&
 	git rm sub/added &&
@@ -47,7 +49,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'read-tree with .git/info/sparse-checkout but disabled' '
-	echo >.git/info/sparse-checkout
+	echo >.git/info/sparse-checkout &&
 	git read-tree -m -u HEAD &&
 	git ls-files -t >result &&
 	test_cmp expected.swt result &&
@@ -81,6 +83,7 @@
 	cat >expected.swt-noinit <<-\EOF &&
 	S init.t
 	H sub/added
+	S subsub/added
 	EOF
 
 	echo sub/ > .git/info/sparse-checkout &&
@@ -91,12 +94,20 @@
 	test -f sub/added
 '
 
-test_expect_failure 'match directories without trailing slash' '
-	echo init.t >.git/info/sparse-checkout &&
+test_expect_success 'match directories without trailing slash' '
 	echo sub >>.git/info/sparse-checkout &&
 	git read-tree -m -u HEAD &&
 	git ls-files -t >result &&
-	test_cmp expected.swt result &&
+	test_cmp expected.swt-noinit result &&
+	test ! -f init.t &&
+	test -f sub/added
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'match directory pattern' '
+	echo "s?b" >>.git/info/sparse-checkout &&
+	git read-tree -m -u HEAD &&
+	git ls-files -t >result &&
+	test_cmp expected.swt-noinit result &&
 	test ! -f init.t &&
 	test -f sub/added
 '
@@ -105,6 +116,7 @@
 	cat >expected.swt-nosub <<-\EOF &&
 	H init.t
 	S sub/added
+	S subsub/added
 	EOF
 
 	echo init.t >.git/info/sparse-checkout &&
diff --git a/t/t1020-subdirectory.sh b/t/t1020-subdirectory.sh
index a3ac338..1fd187c 100755
--- a/t/t1020-subdirectory.sh
+++ b/t/t1020-subdirectory.sh
@@ -110,6 +110,14 @@
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'alias expansion' '
+	(
+		git config alias.ss status &&
+		cd dir &&
+		git status &&
+		git ss
+	)
+'
 test_expect_success 'no file/rev ambiguity check inside .git' '
 	git commit -a -m 1 &&
 	(
diff --git a/t/t1021-rerere-in-workdir.sh b/t/t1021-rerere-in-workdir.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..301e071
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1021-rerere-in-workdir.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='rerere run in a workdir'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS setup '
+	git config rerere.enabled true &&
+	>world &&
+	git add world &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+
+	echo hello >world &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m hello &&
+
+	git checkout -b side HEAD^ &&
+	echo goodbye >world &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m goodbye &&
+
+	git checkout master
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'rerere in workdir' '
+	rm -rf .git/rr-cache &&
+	"$SHELL_PATH" "$TEST_DIRECTORY/../contrib/workdir/git-new-workdir" . work &&
+	(
+		cd work &&
+		test_must_fail git merge side &&
+		git rerere status >actual &&
+		echo world >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# This fails because we don't resolve relative symlink in mkdir_in_gitdir()
+# For the purpose of helping contrib/workdir/git-new-workdir users, we do not
+# have to support relative symlinks, but it might be nicer to make this work
+# with a relative symbolic link someday.
+test_expect_failure SYMLINKS 'rerere in workdir (relative)' '
+	rm -rf .git/rr-cache &&
+	"$SHELL_PATH" "$TEST_DIRECTORY/../contrib/workdir/git-new-workdir" . krow &&
+	(
+		cd krow &&
+		rm -f .git/rr-cache &&
+		ln -s ../.git/rr-cache .git/rr-cache &&
+		test_must_fail git merge side &&
+		git rerere status >actual &&
+		echo world >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1200-tutorial.sh b/t/t1200-tutorial.sh
index ab55eda..5e29e13 100755
--- a/t/t1200-tutorial.sh
+++ b/t/t1200-tutorial.sh
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'tree' '
-	tree=$(git write-tree 2>/dev/null)
+	tree=$(git write-tree 2>/dev/null) &&
 	test 8988da15d077d4829fc51d8544c097def6644dbb = $tree
 '
 
@@ -163,8 +163,11 @@
 	git checkout mybranch &&
 	git merge -m "Merge upstream changes." master |
 		sed -e "1s/[0-9a-f]\{7\}/VARIABLE/g" \
-		-e "s/^Fast[- ]forward /FASTFORWARD /" >resolve.output &&
-	test_cmp resolve.expect resolve.output
+		-e "s/^Fast[- ]forward /FASTFORWARD /" >resolve.output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git resolve output' '
+	test_i18ncmp resolve.expect resolve.output
 '
 
 cat > show-branch2.expect << EOF
diff --git a/t/t1300-repo-config.sh b/t/t1300-repo-config.sh
index de2a014..3db5626 100755
--- a/t/t1300-repo-config.sh
+++ b/t/t1300-repo-config.sh
@@ -289,6 +289,14 @@
 	'git config --list > output && cmp output expect'
 
 cat > expect << EOF
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success '--list without repo produces empty output' '
+	git --git-dir=nonexistent config --list >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
 beta.noindent sillyValue
 nextsection.nonewline wow2 for me
 EOF
@@ -836,6 +844,27 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'nonexistent configuration' '
+	(
+		GIT_CONFIG=doesnotexist &&
+		export GIT_CONFIG &&
+		test_must_fail git config --list &&
+		test_must_fail git config test.xyzzy
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'symlink to nonexistent configuration' '
+	ln -s doesnotexist linktonada &&
+	ln -s linktonada linktolinktonada &&
+	(
+		GIT_CONFIG=linktonada &&
+		export GIT_CONFIG &&
+		test_must_fail git config --list &&
+		GIT_CONFIG=linktolinktonada &&
+		test_must_fail git config --list
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'check split_cmdline return' "
 	git config alias.split-cmdline-fix 'echo \"' &&
 	test_must_fail git split-cmdline-fix &&
@@ -847,11 +876,25 @@
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'git -c "key=value" support' '
-	test "z$(git -c name=value config name)" = zvalue &&
 	test "z$(git -c core.name=value config core.name)" = zvalue &&
-	test "z$(git -c CamelCase=value config camelcase)" = zvalue &&
-	test "z$(git -c flag config --bool flag)" = ztrue &&
-	test_must_fail git -c core.name=value config name
+	test "z$(git -c foo.CamelCase=value config foo.camelcase)" = zvalue &&
+	test "z$(git -c foo.flag config --bool foo.flag)" = ztrue &&
+	test_must_fail git -c name=value config core.name
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'key sanity-checking' '
+	test_must_fail git config foo=bar &&
+	test_must_fail git config foo=.bar &&
+	test_must_fail git config foo.ba=r &&
+	test_must_fail git config foo.1bar &&
+	test_must_fail git config foo."ba
+				z".bar &&
+	test_must_fail git config . false &&
+	test_must_fail git config .foo false &&
+	test_must_fail git config foo. false &&
+	test_must_fail git config .foo. false &&
+	git config foo.bar true &&
+	git config foo."ba =z".bar false
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git -c works with aliases of builtins' '
diff --git a/t/t1302-repo-version.sh b/t/t1302-repo-version.sh
index a6bf1bf..0e47662 100755
--- a/t/t1302-repo-version.sh
+++ b/t/t1302-repo-version.sh
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
 	(
 		cd test2 &&
 		git config core.repositoryformatversion >../actual
-	)
+	) &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t1400-update-ref.sh b/t/t1400-update-ref.sh
index 54ba3df..4fd83a6 100755
--- a/t/t1400-update-ref.sh
+++ b/t/t1400-update-ref.sh
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 test_description='Test git update-ref and basic ref logging'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-Z=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+Z=$_z40
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 
@@ -52,9 +52,8 @@
 
 test_expect_success \
 	"fail to create $n" \
-	"touch .git/$n_dir
-	 git update-ref $n $A >out 2>err"'
-	 test $? != 0'
+	"touch .git/$n_dir &&
+	 test_must_fail git update-ref $n $A >out 2>err"
 rm -f .git/$n_dir out err
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -185,55 +184,55 @@
 ld="Thu, 26 May 2005 18:43:00 -0500"
 test_expect_success \
 	'Query "master@{May 25 2005}" (before history)' \
-	'rm -f o e
+	'rm -f o e &&
 	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{May 25 2005}" >o 2>e &&
 	 test '"$C"' = $(cat o) &&
 	 test "warning: Log for '\'master\'' only goes back to $ed." = "$(cat e)"'
 test_expect_success \
 	"Query master@{2005-05-25} (before history)" \
-	'rm -f o e
+	'rm -f o e &&
 	 git rev-parse --verify master@{2005-05-25} >o 2>e &&
 	 test '"$C"' = $(cat o) &&
 	 echo test "warning: Log for '\'master\'' only goes back to $ed." = "$(cat e)"'
 test_expect_success \
 	'Query "master@{May 26 2005 23:31:59}" (1 second before history)' \
-	'rm -f o e
+	'rm -f o e &&
 	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{May 26 2005 23:31:59}" >o 2>e &&
 	 test '"$C"' = $(cat o) &&
 	 test "warning: Log for '\''master'\'' only goes back to $ed." = "$(cat e)"'
 test_expect_success \
 	'Query "master@{May 26 2005 23:32:00}" (exactly history start)' \
-	'rm -f o e
+	'rm -f o e &&
 	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{May 26 2005 23:32:00}" >o 2>e &&
 	 test '"$C"' = $(cat o) &&
 	 test "" = "$(cat e)"'
 test_expect_success \
 	'Query "master@{May 26 2005 23:32:30}" (first non-creation change)' \
-	'rm -f o e
+	'rm -f o e &&
 	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{May 26 2005 23:32:30}" >o 2>e &&
 	 test '"$A"' = $(cat o) &&
 	 test "" = "$(cat e)"'
 test_expect_success \
 	'Query "master@{2005-05-26 23:33:01}" (middle of history with gap)' \
-	'rm -f o e
+	'rm -f o e &&
 	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{2005-05-26 23:33:01}" >o 2>e &&
 	 test '"$B"' = $(cat o) &&
 	 test "warning: Log .git/logs/'"$m has gap after $gd"'." = "$(cat e)"'
 test_expect_success \
 	'Query "master@{2005-05-26 23:38:00}" (middle of history)' \
-	'rm -f o e
+	'rm -f o e &&
 	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{2005-05-26 23:38:00}" >o 2>e &&
 	 test '"$Z"' = $(cat o) &&
 	 test "" = "$(cat e)"'
 test_expect_success \
 	'Query "master@{2005-05-26 23:43:00}" (exact end of history)' \
-	'rm -f o e
+	'rm -f o e &&
 	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{2005-05-26 23:43:00}" >o 2>e &&
 	 test '"$E"' = $(cat o) &&
 	 test "" = "$(cat e)"'
 test_expect_success \
 	'Query "master@{2005-05-28}" (past end of history)' \
-	'rm -f o e
+	'rm -f o e &&
 	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{2005-05-28}" >o 2>e &&
 	 test '"$D"' = $(cat o) &&
 	 test "warning: Log .git/logs/'"$m unexpectedly ended on $ld"'." = "$(cat e)"'
@@ -247,7 +246,7 @@
      git add F &&
 	 GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2005-05-26 23:30" \
 	 GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:30" git commit -m add -a &&
-	 h_TEST=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+	 h_TEST=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	 echo The other day this did not work. >M &&
 	 echo And then Bob told me how to fix it. >>M &&
 	 echo OTHER >F &&
diff --git a/t/t1401-symbolic-ref.sh b/t/t1401-symbolic-ref.sh
index 7fa5f5b..2c96551 100755
--- a/t/t1401-symbolic-ref.sh
+++ b/t/t1401-symbolic-ref.sh
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 reset_to_sane
 
 test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref refuses bare sha1' '
-	echo content >file && git add file && git commit -m one
+	echo content >file && git add file && git commit -m one &&
 	test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD `git rev-parse HEAD`
 '
 reset_to_sane
diff --git a/t/t1402-check-ref-format.sh b/t/t1402-check-ref-format.sh
index 782e75d..1b0f82f 100755
--- a/t/t1402-check-ref-format.sh
+++ b/t/t1402-check-ref-format.sh
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 	T=$(git write-tree) &&
 	sha1=$(echo A | git commit-tree $T) &&
 	git update-ref refs/heads/master $sha1 &&
-	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/master $sha1
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/master $sha1 &&
 	git checkout master &&
 	git checkout origin/master &&
 	git checkout master &&
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
 	T=$(git write-tree) &&
 	sha1=$(echo A | git commit-tree $T) &&
 	git update-ref refs/heads/master $sha1 &&
-	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/master $sha1
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/master $sha1 &&
 	git checkout master &&
 	git checkout origin/master &&
 	git checkout master &&
diff --git a/t/t1410-reflog.sh b/t/t1410-reflog.sh
index 25046c4..252fc82 100755
--- a/t/t1410-reflog.sh
+++ b/t/t1410-reflog.sh
@@ -186,8 +186,8 @@
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m tiger C &&
 
-	HEAD_entry_count=$(git reflog | wc -l)
-	master_entry_count=$(git reflog show master | wc -l)
+	HEAD_entry_count=$(git reflog | wc -l) &&
+	master_entry_count=$(git reflog show master | wc -l) &&
 
 	test $HEAD_entry_count = 5 &&
 	test $master_entry_count = 5 &&
@@ -199,13 +199,13 @@
 	test $HEAD_entry_count = $(git reflog | wc -l) &&
 	! grep ox < output &&
 
-	master_entry_count=$(wc -l < output)
+	master_entry_count=$(wc -l < output) &&
 
 	git reflog delete HEAD@{1} &&
 	test $(($HEAD_entry_count -1)) = $(git reflog | wc -l) &&
 	test $master_entry_count = $(git reflog show master | wc -l) &&
 
-	HEAD_entry_count=$(git reflog | wc -l)
+	HEAD_entry_count=$(git reflog | wc -l) &&
 
 	git reflog delete master@{07.04.2005.15:15:00.-0700} &&
 	git reflog show master > output &&
diff --git a/t/t1411-reflog-show.sh b/t/t1411-reflog-show.sh
index ba25ff3..caa687b 100755
--- a/t/t1411-reflog-show.sh
+++ b/t/t1411-reflog-show.sh
@@ -28,6 +28,24 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'reflog default format' '
+	git reflog -1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+commit e46513e
+Reflog: HEAD@{0} (C O Mitter <committer@example.com>)
+Reflog message: commit (initial): one
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+
+    one
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'override reflog default format' '
+	git reflog --format=short -1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 cat >expect <<'EOF'
 Reflog: HEAD@{Thu Apr 7 15:13:13 2005 -0700} (C O Mitter <committer@example.com>)
 Reflog message: commit (initial): one
diff --git a/t/t1412-reflog-loop.sh b/t/t1412-reflog-loop.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..7f519e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1412-reflog-loop.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='reflog walk shows repeated commits again'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup commits' '
+	test_tick &&
+	echo content >file && git add file && git commit -m one &&
+	git tag one &&
+	echo content >>file && git add file && git commit -m two &&
+	git tag two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup reflog with alternating commits' '
+	git checkout -b topic &&
+	git reset one &&
+	git reset two &&
+	git reset one &&
+	git reset two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reflog shows all entries' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF
+		topic@{0} two: updating HEAD
+		topic@{1} one: updating HEAD
+		topic@{2} two: updating HEAD
+		topic@{3} one: updating HEAD
+		topic@{4} branch: Created from HEAD
+	EOF
+	git log -g --format="%gd %gs" topic >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1450-fsck.sh b/t/t1450-fsck.sh
index 1be415e..bb01d5a 100755
--- a/t/t1450-fsck.sh
+++ b/t/t1450-fsck.sh
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
 	sha=$(echo blob | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
 	old=$(echo $sha | sed "s+^..+&/+") &&
 	new=$(dirname $old)/ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff &&
-	sha="$(dirname $new)$(basename $new)"
+	sha="$(dirname $new)$(basename $new)" &&
 	mv .git/objects/$old .git/objects/$new &&
 	test_when_finished "remove_object $sha" &&
 	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644 $sha foo &&
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'tag pointing to nonexistent' '
-	cat >invalid-tag <<-\EOF
+	cat >invalid-tag <<-\EOF &&
 	object ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
 	type commit
 	tag invalid
diff --git a/t/t1501-worktree.sh b/t/t1501-worktree.sh
index 2c8f01f..6384983 100755
--- a/t/t1501-worktree.sh
+++ b/t/t1501-worktree.sh
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
 	EMPTY_TREE=$(git write-tree) &&
 	EMPTY_BLOB=$(git hash-object -t blob --stdin </dev/null) &&
 	CHANGED_BLOB=$(echo changed | git hash-object -t blob --stdin) &&
-	ZEROES=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 &&
 	EMPTY_BLOB7=$(echo $EMPTY_BLOB | sed "s/\(.......\).*/\1/") &&
 	CHANGED_BLOB7=$(echo $CHANGED_BLOB | sed "s/\(.......\).*/\1/") &&
 
@@ -239,10 +238,10 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'diff-index respects work tree under .git dir' '
 	cat >diff-index-cached.expected <<-EOF &&
-	:000000 100644 $ZEROES $EMPTY_BLOB A	sub/dir/tracked
+	:000000 100644 $_z40 $EMPTY_BLOB A	sub/dir/tracked
 	EOF
 	cat >diff-index.expected <<-EOF &&
-	:000000 100644 $ZEROES $ZEROES A	sub/dir/tracked
+	:000000 100644 $_z40 $_z40 A	sub/dir/tracked
 	EOF
 
 	(
@@ -258,7 +257,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'diff-files respects work tree under .git dir' '
 	cat >diff-files.expected <<-EOF &&
-	:100644 100644 $EMPTY_BLOB $ZEROES M	sub/dir/tracked
+	:100644 100644 $EMPTY_BLOB $_z40 M	sub/dir/tracked
 	EOF
 
 	(
@@ -340,4 +339,11 @@
 	git --git-dir="$(pwd)//repo.git" --work-tree="$(pwd)" add dummy_file
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'relative $GIT_WORK_TREE and git subprocesses' '
+	GIT_DIR=repo.git GIT_WORK_TREE=repo.git/work \
+	test-subprocess --setup-work-tree rev-parse --show-toplevel >actual &&
+	echo "$(pwd)/repo.git/work" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1502-rev-parse-parseopt.sh b/t/t1502-rev-parse-parseopt.sh
index b3195c4..1efd7f7 100755
--- a/t/t1502-rev-parse-parseopt.sh
+++ b/t/t1502-rev-parse-parseopt.sh
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'test --parseopt help output' '
-	git rev-parse --parseopt -- -h > output < optionspec
+	test_expect_code 129 git rev-parse --parseopt -- -h > output < optionspec &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t1504-ceiling-dirs.sh b/t/t1504-ceiling-dirs.sh
index df5ad8c..cce87a5 100755
--- a/t/t1504-ceiling-dirs.sh
+++ b/t/t1504-ceiling-dirs.sh
@@ -9,8 +9,9 @@
 }
 
 test_fail() {
-	test_expect_code 128 "$1: prefix" \
-	"git rev-parse --show-prefix"
+	test_expect_success "$1: prefix" '
+		test_expect_code 128 git rev-parse --show-prefix
+	'
 }
 
 TRASH_ROOT="$PWD"
diff --git a/t/t1506-rev-parse-diagnosis.sh b/t/t1506-rev-parse-diagnosis.sh
index 0eeeb0e..0843a1c 100755
--- a/t/t1506-rev-parse-diagnosis.sh
+++ b/t/t1506-rev-parse-diagnosis.sh
@@ -6,6 +6,16 @@
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+test_did_you_mean ()
+{
+	sq="'" &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: Path '$2$3' $4, but not ${5:-$sq$3$sq}.
+	Did you mean '$1:$2$3'${2:+ aka $sq$1:./$3$sq}?
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected error
+}
+
 HASH_file=
 
 test_expect_success 'set up basic repo' '
@@ -31,6 +41,67 @@
 	 test $HASH_file = $(git rev-parse :0:file.txt) )
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'correct relative file objects (0)' '
+	git rev-parse :file.txt >expected &&
+	git rev-parse :./file.txt >result &&
+	test_cmp expected result &&
+	git rev-parse :0:./file.txt >result &&
+	test_cmp expected result
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'correct relative file objects (1)' '
+	git rev-parse HEAD:file.txt >expected &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD:./file.txt >result &&
+	test_cmp expected result
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'correct relative file objects (2)' '
+	(
+		cd subdir &&
+		git rev-parse HEAD:../file.txt >result &&
+		test_cmp ../expected result
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'correct relative file objects (3)' '
+	(
+		cd subdir &&
+		git rev-parse HEAD:../subdir/../file.txt >result &&
+		test_cmp ../expected result
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'correct relative file objects (4)' '
+	git rev-parse HEAD:subdir/file.txt >expected &&
+	(
+		cd subdir &&
+		git rev-parse HEAD:./file.txt >result &&
+		test_cmp ../expected result
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'correct relative file objects (5)' '
+	git rev-parse :subdir/file.txt >expected &&
+	(
+		cd subdir &&
+		git rev-parse :./file.txt >result &&
+		test_cmp ../expected result &&
+		git rev-parse :0:./file.txt >result &&
+		test_cmp ../expected result
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'correct relative file objects (6)' '
+	git rev-parse :file.txt >expected &&
+	(
+		cd subdir &&
+		git rev-parse :../file.txt >result &&
+		test_cmp ../expected result &&
+		git rev-parse :0:../file.txt >result &&
+		test_cmp ../expected result
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'incorrect revision id' '
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse foobar:file.txt 2>error &&
 	grep "Invalid object name '"'"'foobar'"'"'." error &&
@@ -45,7 +116,7 @@
 	grep "fatal: Path '"'"'index-only.txt'"'"' exists on disk, but not in '"'"'HEAD'"'"'." error &&
 	(cd subdir &&
 	 test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:file2.txt 2> error &&
-	 grep "Did you mean '"'"'HEAD:subdir/file2.txt'"'"'?" error )
+	 test_did_you_mean HEAD subdir/ file2.txt exists )
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'incorrect file in :path and :N:path' '
@@ -54,14 +125,14 @@
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse :1:nothing.txt 2> error &&
 	grep "Path '"'"'nothing.txt'"'"' does not exist (neither on disk nor in the index)." error &&
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse :1:file.txt 2> error &&
-	grep "Did you mean '"'"':0:file.txt'"'"'?" error &&
+	test_did_you_mean ":0" "" file.txt "is in the index" "at stage 1" &&
 	(cd subdir &&
 	 test_must_fail git rev-parse :1:file.txt 2> error &&
-	 grep "Did you mean '"'"':0:file.txt'"'"'?" error &&
+	 test_did_you_mean ":0" "" file.txt "is in the index" "at stage 1" &&
 	 test_must_fail git rev-parse :file2.txt 2> error &&
-	 grep "Did you mean '"'"':0:subdir/file2.txt'"'"'?" error &&
+	 test_did_you_mean ":0" subdir/ file2.txt "is in the index" &&
 	 test_must_fail git rev-parse :2:file2.txt 2> error &&
-	 grep "Did you mean '"'"':0:subdir/file2.txt'"'"'?" error) &&
+	 test_did_you_mean :0 subdir/ file2.txt "is in the index") &&
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse :disk-only.txt 2> error &&
 	grep "fatal: Path '"'"'disk-only.txt'"'"' exists on disk, but not in the index." error
 '
@@ -75,4 +146,29 @@
 	grep "fatal: Log for [^ ]* only has [0-9][0-9]* entries." error
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'relative path not found' '
+	(
+		cd subdir &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:./nonexistent.txt 2>error &&
+		grep subdir/nonexistent.txt error
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'relative path outside worktree' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:../file.txt >output 2>error &&
+	test -z "$(cat output)" &&
+	grep "outside repository" error
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'relative path when cwd is outside worktree' '
+	test_must_fail git --git-dir=.git --work-tree=subdir rev-parse HEAD:./file.txt >output 2>error &&
+	test -z "$(cat output)" &&
+	grep "relative path syntax can.t be used outside working tree." error
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'relative path when startup_info is NULL' '
+	test_must_fail test-match-trees HEAD:./file.txt HEAD:./file.txt 2>error &&
+	grep "BUG: startup_info struct is not initialized." error
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1507-rev-parse-upstream.sh b/t/t1507-rev-parse-upstream.sh
index 8c8dfda..a455551 100755
--- a/t/t1507-rev-parse-upstream.sh
+++ b/t/t1507-rev-parse-upstream.sh
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@
 	git branch -t new my-side@{u} &&
 	git merge -s ours new@{u} &&
 	git show -s --pretty=format:%s >actual &&
-	echo "Merge remote branch ${sq}origin/side${sq}" >expect &&
+	echo "Merge remote-tracking branch ${sq}origin/side${sq}" >expect &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 )
 '
diff --git a/t/t1510-repo-setup.sh b/t/t1510-repo-setup.sh
index fbab9c7..ec50a9a 100755
--- a/t/t1510-repo-setup.sh
+++ b/t/t1510-repo-setup.sh
@@ -1,56 +1,223 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-test_description='Tests of cwd/prefix/worktree/gitdir setup in all cases'
+test_description="Tests of cwd/prefix/worktree/gitdir setup in all cases
 
+A few rules for repo setup:
+
+1. GIT_DIR is relative to user's cwd. --git-dir is equivalent to
+   GIT_DIR.
+
+2. .git file is relative to parent directory. .git file is basically
+   symlink in disguise. The directory where .git file points to will
+   become new git_dir.
+
+3. core.worktree is relative to git_dir.
+
+4. GIT_WORK_TREE is relative to user's cwd. --work-tree is
+   equivalent to GIT_WORK_TREE.
+
+5. GIT_WORK_TREE/core.worktree was originally meant to work only if
+   GIT_DIR is set, but earlier git didn't enforce it, and some scripts
+   depend on the implementation that happened to first discover .git by
+   going up from the users $cwd and then using the specified working tree
+   that may or may not have any relation to where .git was found in.  This
+   historical behaviour must be kept.
+
+6. Effective GIT_WORK_TREE overrides core.worktree and core.bare
+
+7. Effective core.worktree conflicts with core.bare
+
+8. If GIT_DIR is set but neither worktree nor bare setting is given,
+   original cwd becomes worktree.
+
+9. If .git discovery is done inside a repo, the repo becomes a bare
+   repo. .git discovery is performed if GIT_DIR is not set.
+
+10. If no worktree is available, cwd remains unchanged, prefix is
+    NULL.
+
+11. When user's cwd is outside worktree, cwd remains unchanged,
+    prefix is NULL.
+"
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-#
-# A few rules for repo setup:
-#
-# 1. GIT_DIR is relative to user's cwd. --git-dir is equivalent to
-#    GIT_DIR.
-#
-# 2. .git file is relative to parent directory. .git file is basically
-#    symlink in disguise. The directory where .git file points to will
-#    become new git_dir.
-#
-# 3. core.worktree is relative to git_dir.
-#
-# 4. GIT_WORK_TREE is relative to user's cwd. --work-tree is
-#    equivalent to GIT_WORK_TREE.
-#
-# 5. GIT_WORK_TREE/core.worktree is only effective if GIT_DIR is set
-#    Uneffective worktree settings should be warned.
-#
-# 6. Effective GIT_WORK_TREE overrides core.worktree and core.bare
-#
-# 7. Effective core.worktree conflicts with core.bare
-#
-# 8. If GIT_DIR is set but neither worktree nor bare setting is given,
-#    original cwd becomes worktree.
-#
-# 9. If .git discovery is done inside a repo, the repo becomes a bare
-#    repo. .git discovery is performed if GIT_DIR is not set.
-#
-# 10. If no worktree is available, cwd remains unchanged, prefix is
-#     NULL.
-#
-# 11. When user's cwd is outside worktree, cwd remains unchanged,
-#     prefix is NULL.
-#
+here=$(pwd)
 
-test_repo() {
+test_repo () {
 	(
-	cd "$1" &&
-	if test -n "$2"; then GIT_DIR="$2" && export GIT_DIR; fi &&
-	if test -n "$3"; then GIT_WORK_TREE="$3" && export GIT_WORK_TREE; fi &&
-	rm -f trace &&
-	GIT_TRACE="`pwd`/trace" git symbolic-ref HEAD >/dev/null &&
-	grep '^setup: ' trace >result &&
-	test_cmp expected result
+		cd "$1" &&
+		if test -n "$2"
+		then
+			GIT_DIR="$2" &&
+			export GIT_DIR
+		fi &&
+		if test -n "$3"
+		then
+			GIT_WORK_TREE="$3" &&
+			export GIT_WORK_TREE
+		fi &&
+		rm -f trace &&
+		GIT_TRACE_SETUP="$(pwd)/trace" git symbolic-ref HEAD >/dev/null &&
+		grep '^setup: ' trace >result &&
+		test_cmp expected result
 	)
 }
 
+maybe_config () {
+	file=$1 var=$2 value=$3 &&
+	if test "$value" != unset
+	then
+		git config --file="$file" "$var" "$value"
+	fi
+}
+
+setup_repo () {
+	name=$1 worktreecfg=$2 gitfile=$3 barecfg=$4 &&
+	sane_unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
+
+	git init "$name" &&
+	maybe_config "$name/.git/config" core.worktree "$worktreecfg" &&
+	maybe_config "$name/.git/config" core.bare "$barecfg" &&
+	mkdir -p "$name/sub/sub" &&
+
+	if test "${gitfile:+set}"
+	then
+		mv "$name/.git" "$name.git" &&
+		echo "gitdir: ../$name.git" >"$name/.git"
+	fi
+}
+
+maybe_set () {
+	var=$1 value=$2 &&
+	if test "$value" != unset
+	then
+		eval "$var=\$value" &&
+		export $var
+	fi
+}
+
+setup_env () {
+	worktreenv=$1 gitdirenv=$2 &&
+	sane_unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
+	maybe_set GIT_DIR "$gitdirenv" &&
+	maybe_set GIT_WORK_TREE "$worktreeenv"
+}
+
+expect () {
+	cat >"$1/expected" <<-EOF
+	setup: git_dir: $2
+	setup: worktree: $3
+	setup: cwd: $4
+	setup: prefix: $5
+	EOF
+}
+
+try_case () {
+	name=$1 worktreeenv=$2 gitdirenv=$3 &&
+	setup_env "$worktreeenv" "$gitdirenv" &&
+	expect "$name" "$4" "$5" "$6" "$7" &&
+	test_repo "$name"
+}
+
+run_wt_tests () {
+	N=$1 gitfile=$2
+
+	absgit="$here/$N/.git"
+	dotgit=.git
+	dotdotgit=../../.git
+
+	if test "$gitfile"
+	then
+		absgit="$here/$N.git"
+		dotgit=$absgit dotdotgit=$absgit
+	fi
+
+	test_expect_success "#$N: explicit GIT_WORK_TREE and GIT_DIR at toplevel" '
+		try_case $N "$here/$N" .git \
+			"$dotgit" "$here/$N" "$here/$N" "(null)" &&
+		try_case $N . .git \
+			"$dotgit" "$here/$N" "$here/$N" "(null)" &&
+		try_case $N "$here/$N" "$here/$N/.git" \
+			"$absgit" "$here/$N" "$here/$N" "(null)" &&
+		try_case $N . "$here/$N/.git" \
+			"$absgit" "$here/$N" "$here/$N" "(null)"
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "#$N: explicit GIT_WORK_TREE and GIT_DIR in subdir" '
+		try_case $N/sub/sub "$here/$N" ../../.git \
+			"$absgit" "$here/$N" "$here/$N" sub/sub/ &&
+		try_case $N/sub/sub ../.. ../../.git \
+			"$absgit" "$here/$N" "$here/$N" sub/sub/ &&
+		try_case $N/sub/sub "$here/$N" "$here/$N/.git" \
+			"$absgit" "$here/$N" "$here/$N" sub/sub/ &&
+		try_case $N/sub/sub ../.. "$here/$N/.git" \
+			"$absgit" "$here/$N" "$here/$N" sub/sub/
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "#$N: explicit GIT_WORK_TREE from parent of worktree" '
+		try_case $N "$here/$N/wt" .git \
+			"$dotgit" "$here/$N/wt" "$here/$N" "(null)" &&
+		try_case $N wt .git \
+			"$dotgit" "$here/$N/wt" "$here/$N" "(null)" &&
+		try_case $N wt "$here/$N/.git" \
+			"$absgit" "$here/$N/wt" "$here/$N" "(null)" &&
+		try_case $N "$here/$N/wt" "$here/$N/.git" \
+			"$absgit" "$here/$N/wt" "$here/$N" "(null)"
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "#$N: explicit GIT_WORK_TREE from nephew of worktree" '
+		try_case $N/sub/sub "$here/$N/wt" ../../.git \
+			"$dotdotgit" "$here/$N/wt" "$here/$N/sub/sub" "(null)" &&
+		try_case $N/sub/sub ../../wt ../../.git \
+			"$dotdotgit" "$here/$N/wt" "$here/$N/sub/sub" "(null)" &&
+		try_case $N/sub/sub ../../wt "$here/$N/.git" \
+			"$absgit" "$here/$N/wt" "$here/$N/sub/sub" "(null)" &&
+		try_case $N/sub/sub "$here/$N/wt" "$here/$N/.git" \
+			"$absgit" "$here/$N/wt" "$here/$N/sub/sub" "(null)"
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "#$N: chdir_to_toplevel uses worktree, not git dir" '
+		try_case $N "$here" .git \
+			"$absgit" "$here" "$here" $N/ &&
+		try_case $N .. .git \
+			"$absgit" "$here" "$here" $N/ &&
+		try_case $N .. "$here/$N/.git" \
+			"$absgit" "$here" "$here" $N/ &&
+		try_case $N "$here" "$here/$N/.git" \
+			"$absgit" "$here" "$here" $N/
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "#$N: chdir_to_toplevel uses worktree (from subdir)" '
+		try_case $N/sub/sub "$here" ../../.git \
+			"$absgit" "$here" "$here" $N/sub/sub/ &&
+		try_case $N/sub/sub ../../.. ../../.git \
+			"$absgit" "$here" "$here" $N/sub/sub/ &&
+		try_case $N/sub/sub ../../../ "$here/$N/.git" \
+			"$absgit" "$here" "$here" $N/sub/sub/ &&
+		try_case $N/sub/sub "$here" "$here/$N/.git" \
+			"$absgit" "$here" "$here" $N/sub/sub/
+	'
+}
+
+# try_repo #c GIT_WORK_TREE GIT_DIR core.worktree .gitfile? core.bare \
+#	(git dir) (work tree) (cwd) (prefix) \	<-- at toplevel
+#	(git dir) (work tree) (cwd) (prefix)	<-- from subdir
+try_repo () {
+	name=$1 worktreeenv=$2 gitdirenv=$3 &&
+	setup_repo "$name" "$4" "$5" "$6" &&
+	shift 6 &&
+	try_case "$name" "$worktreeenv" "$gitdirenv" \
+		"$1" "$2" "$3" "$4" &&
+	shift 4 &&
+	case "$gitdirenv" in
+	/* | ?:/* | unset) ;;
+	*)
+		gitdirenv=../$gitdirenv ;;
+	esac &&
+	try_case "$name/sub" "$worktreeenv" "$gitdirenv" \
+		"$1" "$2" "$3" "$4"
+}
+
 # Bit 0 = GIT_WORK_TREE
 # Bit 1 = GIT_DIR
 # Bit 2 = core.worktree
@@ -58,4475 +225,552 @@
 # Bit 4 = bare repo
 # Case# = encoding of the above 5 bits
 
-#
-# Case #0
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is not set
-#  - GIT_DIR is not set
-#  - core.worktree is not set
-#  - .git is a directory
-#  - core.bare is not set, cwd is outside .git
-#
-# Output:
-#
-#  - worktree is .git's parent directory
-#  - cwd is at worktree root dir
-#  - prefix is calculated
-#  - git_dir is set to ".git"
-#  - cwd can't be outside worktree
-
-test_expect_success '#0: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 0 0/sub &&
-	cd 0 && git init && cd ..
+test_expect_success '#0: nonbare repo, no explicit configuration' '
+	try_repo 0 unset unset unset "" unset \
+		.git "$here/0" "$here/0" "(null)" \
+		.git "$here/0" "$here/0" sub/ 2>message &&
+	! test -s message
 '
 
-test_expect_success '#0: at root' '
-	cat >0/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/0
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/0
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 0
+test_expect_success '#1: GIT_WORK_TREE without explicit GIT_DIR is accepted' '
+	mkdir -p wt &&
+	try_repo 1 "$here" unset unset "" unset \
+		"$here/1/.git" "$here" "$here" 1/ \
+		"$here/1/.git" "$here" "$here" 1/sub/ 2>message &&
+	! test -s message
 '
 
-test_expect_success '#0: in subdir' '
-	cat >0/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/0
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/0
-setup: prefix: sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 0/sub
+test_expect_success '#2: worktree defaults to cwd with explicit GIT_DIR' '
+	try_repo 2 unset "$here/2/.git" unset "" unset \
+		"$here/2/.git" "$here/2" "$here/2" "(null)" \
+		"$here/2/.git" "$here/2/sub" "$here/2/sub" "(null)"
 '
 
-#
-# case #1
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is set
-#  - GIT_DIR is not set
-#  - core.worktree is not set
-#  - .git is a directory
-#  - core.bare is not set, cwd is outside .git
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# GIT_WORK_TREE is ignored -> #0
-
-test_expect_success '#1: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 1 1/sub 1.wt 1.wt/sub 1/wt 1/wt/sub &&
-	cd 1 &&
-	git init &&
-	GIT_WORK_TREE=non-existent &&
-	export GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	cd ..
+test_expect_success '#2b: relative GIT_DIR' '
+	try_repo 2b unset ".git" unset "" unset \
+		".git" "$here/2b" "$here/2b" "(null)" \
+		"../.git" "$here/2b/sub" "$here/2b/sub" "(null)"
 '
 
-test_expect_failure '#1: at root' '
-	cat >1/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/1
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/1
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 1
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#1: in subdir' '
-	cat >1/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/1
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/1
-setup: prefix: sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 1/sub
-'
-
-#
-# case #2
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is not set
-#  - GIT_DIR is set
-#  - core.worktree is not set
-#  - .git is a directory
-#  - core.bare is not set, cwd is outside .git
-#
-# Output:
-#
-#  - worktree is at original cwd
-#  - cwd is unchanged
-#  - prefix is NULL
-#  - git_dir is set to $GIT_DIR
-#  - cwd can't be outside worktree
-
-test_expect_success '#2: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 2 2/sub &&
-	cd 2 && git init && cd ..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#2: at root' '
-	cat >2/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/2/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/2
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/2
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 2 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/2/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#2: in subdir' '
-	cat >2/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/2/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/2/sub
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/2/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 2/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/2/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#2: relative GIT_DIR at root' '
-	cat >2/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/2
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/2
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 2 .git
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#2: relative GIT_DIR in subdir' '
-	cat >2/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: ../.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/2/sub
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/2/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 2/sub ../.git
-'
-
-#
-# case #3
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is set
-#  - GIT_DIR is set
-#  - core.worktree is not set
-#  - .git is a directory
-#  - core.bare is not set, cwd is outside .git
-#
-# Output:
-#
-#  - worktree is set to $GIT_WORK_TREE
-#  - cwd is at worktree root
-#  - prefix is calculated
-#  - git_dir is set to $GIT_DIR
-#  - cwd can be outside worktree
-
 test_expect_success '#3: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 3 3/sub 3/sub/sub 3.wt 3.wt/sub 3/wt 3/wt/sub &&
-	cd 3 && git init && cd ..
+	setup_repo 3 unset "" unset &&
+	mkdir -p 3/sub/sub 3/wt/sub
+'
+run_wt_tests 3
+
+test_expect_success '#4: core.worktree without GIT_DIR set is accepted' '
+	setup_repo 4 ../sub "" unset &&
+	mkdir -p 4/sub sub &&
+	try_case 4 unset unset \
+		.git "$here/4/sub" "$here/4" "(null)" \
+		"$here/4/.git" "$here/4/sub" "$here/4/sub" "(null)" 2>message &&
+	! test -s message
 '
 
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=root at root' '
-	cat >3/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 3 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/3"
+test_expect_success '#5: core.worktree + GIT_WORK_TREE is accepted' '
+	# or: you cannot intimidate away the lack of GIT_DIR setting
+	try_repo 5 "$here" unset "$here/5" "" unset \
+		"$here/5/.git" "$here" "$here" 5/ \
+		"$here/5/.git" "$here" "$here" 5/sub/ 2>message &&
+	try_repo 5a .. unset "$here/5a" "" unset \
+		"$here/5a/.git" "$here" "$here" 5a/ \
+		"$here/5a/.git" "$here/5a" "$here/5a" sub/ &&
+	! test -s message
 '
 
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=root(rel) at root' '
-	cat >3/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 3 .git .
+test_expect_success '#6: setting GIT_DIR brings core.worktree to life' '
+	setup_repo 6 "$here/6" "" unset &&
+	try_case 6 unset .git \
+		.git "$here/6" "$here/6" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 6 unset "$here/6/.git" \
+		"$here/6/.git" "$here/6" "$here/6" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 6/sub/sub unset ../../.git \
+		"$here/6/.git" "$here/6" "$here/6" sub/sub/ &&
+	try_case 6/sub/sub unset "$here/6/.git" \
+		"$here/6/.git" "$here/6" "$here/6" sub/sub/
 '
 
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=root at root' '
-	cat >3/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 3 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/3"
+test_expect_success '#6b: GIT_DIR set, core.worktree relative' '
+	setup_repo 6b .. "" unset &&
+	try_case 6b unset .git \
+		.git "$here/6b" "$here/6b" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 6b unset "$here/6b/.git" \
+		"$here/6b/.git" "$here/6b" "$here/6b" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 6b/sub/sub unset ../../.git \
+		"$here/6b/.git" "$here/6b" "$here/6b" sub/sub/ &&
+	try_case 6b/sub/sub unset "$here/6b/.git" \
+		"$here/6b/.git" "$here/6b" "$here/6b" sub/sub/
 '
 
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=root(rel) at root' '
-	cat >3/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 3 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git" .
+test_expect_success '#6c: GIT_DIR set, core.worktree=../wt (absolute)' '
+	setup_repo 6c "$here/6c/wt" "" unset &&
+	mkdir -p 6c/wt/sub &&
+
+	try_case 6c unset .git \
+		.git "$here/6c/wt" "$here/6c" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 6c unset "$here/6c/.git" \
+		"$here/6c/.git" "$here/6c/wt" "$here/6c" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 6c/sub/sub unset ../../.git \
+		../../.git "$here/6c/wt" "$here/6c/sub/sub" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 6c/sub/sub unset "$here/6c/.git" \
+		"$here/6c/.git" "$here/6c/wt" "$here/6c/sub/sub" "(null)"
 '
 
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORKTREE=root in subdir' '
-	cat >3/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 3/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/3"
+test_expect_success '#6d: GIT_DIR set, core.worktree=../wt (relative)' '
+	setup_repo 6d "$here/6d/wt" "" unset &&
+	mkdir -p 6d/wt/sub &&
+
+	try_case 6d unset .git \
+		.git "$here/6d/wt" "$here/6d" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 6d unset "$here/6d/.git" \
+		"$here/6d/.git" "$here/6d/wt" "$here/6d" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 6d/sub/sub unset ../../.git \
+		../../.git "$here/6d/wt" "$here/6d/sub/sub" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 6d/sub/sub unset "$here/6d/.git" \
+		"$here/6d/.git" "$here/6d/wt" "$here/6d/sub/sub" "(null)"
 '
 
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORKTREE=root(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >3/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 3/sub/sub ../../.git ../..
+test_expect_success '#6e: GIT_DIR set, core.worktree=../.. (absolute)' '
+	setup_repo 6e "$here" "" unset &&
+	try_case 6e unset .git \
+		"$here/6e/.git" "$here" "$here" 6e/ &&
+	try_case 6e unset "$here/6e/.git" \
+		"$here/6e/.git" "$here" "$here" 6e/ &&
+	try_case 6e/sub/sub unset ../../.git \
+		"$here/6e/.git" "$here" "$here" 6e/sub/sub/ &&
+	try_case 6e/sub/sub unset "$here/6e/.git" \
+		"$here/6e/.git" "$here" "$here" 6e/sub/sub/
 '
 
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORKTREE=root in subdir' '
-	cat >3/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3
-setup: prefix: sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 3/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/3"
+test_expect_success '#6f: GIT_DIR set, core.worktree=../.. (relative)' '
+	setup_repo 6f ../../ "" unset &&
+	try_case 6f unset .git \
+		"$here/6f/.git" "$here" "$here" 6f/ &&
+	try_case 6f unset "$here/6f/.git" \
+		"$here/6f/.git" "$here" "$here" 6f/ &&
+	try_case 6f/sub/sub unset ../../.git \
+		"$here/6f/.git" "$here" "$here" 6f/sub/sub/ &&
+	try_case 6f/sub/sub unset "$here/6f/.git" \
+		"$here/6f/.git" "$here" "$here" 6f/sub/sub/
 '
 
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORKTREE=root(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >3/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 3/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git" ../..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt at root' '
-	cat >3/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 3 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) at root' '
-	cat >3/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 3 .git wt
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) at root' '
-	cat >3/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 3 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git" wt
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt at root' '
-	cat >3/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 3 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt in subdir' '
-	cat >3/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: ../../.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 3/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >3/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: ../../.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 3/sub/sub ../../.git ../../wt
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >3/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 3/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git" ../../wt
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt in subdir' '
-	cat >3/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 3/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=.. at root' '
-	cat >3/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 3/
-EOF
-	test_repo 3 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) at root' '
-	cat >3/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 3/
-EOF
-	test_repo 3 .git ..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) at root' '
-	cat >3/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 3/
-EOF
-	test_repo 3 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git" ..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=.. at root' '
-	cat >3/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 3/
-EOF
-	test_repo 3 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=.. in subdir' '
-	cat >3/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 3/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 3/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >3/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 3/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 3/sub/sub ../../.git ../../..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >3/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 3/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 3/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git" ../../../
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#3: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=.. in subdir' '
-	cat >3/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 3/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 3/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/3/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-#
-# case #4
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is not set
-#  - GIT_DIR is not set
-#  - core.worktree is set
-#  - .git is a directory
-#  - core.bare is not set, cwd is outside .git
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# core.worktree is ignored -> #0
-
-test_expect_success '#4: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 4 4/sub &&
-	cd 4 &&
-	git init &&
-	git config core.worktree non-existent &&
-	cd ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#4: at root' '
-	cat >4/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/4
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/4
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 4
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#4: in subdir' '
-	cat >4/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/4
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/4
-setup: prefix: sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 4/sub
-'
-
-#
-# case #5
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is set
-#  - GIT_DIR is not set
-#  - core.worktree is set
-#  - .git is a directory
-#  - core.bare is not set, cwd is outside .git
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# GIT_WORK_TREE/core.worktree are ignored -> #0
-
-test_expect_success '#5: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 5 5/sub &&
-	cd 5 &&
-	git init &&
-	git config core.worktree non-existent &&
-	GIT_WORK_TREE=non-existent-too &&
-	export GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	cd ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#5: at root' '
-	cat >5/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/5
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/5
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 5
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#5: in subdir' '
-	cat >5/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/5
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/5
-setup: prefix: sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 5/sub
-'
-
-#
-# case #6
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is not set
-#  - GIT_DIR is set
-#  - core.worktree is set
-#  - .git is a directory
-#  - core.bare is not set, cwd is outside .git
-#
-# Output:
-#
-#  - worktree is at core.worktree
-#  - cwd is at worktree root
-#  - prefix is calculated
-#  - git_dir is at $GIT_DIR
-#  - cwd can be outside worktree
-
-test_expect_success '#6: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 6 6/sub 6/sub/sub 6.wt 6.wt/sub 6/wt 6/wt/sub &&
-	cd 6 && git init && cd ..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#6: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=.. at root' '
-	cat >6/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6" &&
-	test_repo 6 .git
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#6: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=..(rel) at root' '
-	cat >6/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree .. &&
-	test_repo 6 .git
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#6: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=.. at root' '
-	cat >6/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6" &&
-	test_repo 6 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#6: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=..(rel) at root' '
-	cat >6/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree .. &&
-	test_repo 6 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#6: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=.. in subdir' '
-	cat >6/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6" &&
-	test_repo 6/sub/sub ../../.git
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#6: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=..(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >6/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree .. &&
-	test_repo 6/sub/sub ../../.git
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#6: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=.. in subdir' '
-	cat >6/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6
-setup: prefix: sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6" &&
-	test_repo 6/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#6: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=..(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >6/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree .. &&
-	test_repo 6/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#6: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=../wt at root' '
-	cat >6/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/wt" &&
-	test_repo 6 .git
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#6: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=../wt(rel) at root' '
-	cat >6/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree ../wt &&
-	test_repo 6 .git
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#6: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=../wt(rel) at root' '
-	cat >6/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree ../wt &&
-	test_repo 6 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#6: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=../wt at root' '
-	cat >6/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/wt" &&
-	test_repo 6 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#6: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=../wt in subdir' '
-	cat >6/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: ../../.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/wt" &&
-	test_repo 6/sub/sub ../../.git
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#6: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=../wt(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >6/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: ../../.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree ../wt &&
-	test_repo 6/sub/sub ../../.git
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#6: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=../wt(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >6/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree ../wt &&
-	test_repo 6/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#6: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=../wt in subdir' '
-	cat >6/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/wt" &&
-	test_repo 6/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#6: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=../.. at root' '
-	cat >6/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 6/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY" &&
-	test_repo 6 .git
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#6: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=../..(rel) at root' '
-	cat >6/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 6/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree ../../ &&
-	test_repo 6 .git
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#6: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=../..(rel) at root' '
-	cat >6/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 6/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree ../../ &&
-	test_repo 6 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#6: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=../.. at root' '
-	cat >6/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 6/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY" &&
-	test_repo 6 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#6: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=../.. in subdir' '
-	cat >6/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 6/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY" &&
-	test_repo 6/sub/sub ../../.git
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#6: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=../..(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >6/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 6/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree ../.. &&
-	test_repo 6/sub/sub ../../.git
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#6: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=../..(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >6/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 6/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree ../.. &&
-	test_repo 6/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#6: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=../.. in subdir' '
-	cat >6/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 6/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY" &&
-	test_repo 6/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/6/.git"
-'
-
-#
-# case #7
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is set
-#  - GIT_DIR is set
-#  - core.worktree is set
-#  - .git is a directory
-#  - core.bare is not set, cwd is outside .git
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# core.worktree is overridden by GIT_WORK_TREE -> #3
-
+# case #7: GIT_WORK_TREE overrides core.worktree.
 test_expect_success '#7: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 7 7/sub 7/sub/sub 7.wt 7.wt/sub 7/wt 7/wt/sub &&
-	cd 7 &&
-	git init &&
-	git config core.worktree non-existent &&
-	cd ..
+	setup_repo 7 non-existent "" unset &&
+	mkdir -p 7/sub/sub 7/wt/sub
+'
+run_wt_tests 7
+
+test_expect_success '#8: gitfile, easy case' '
+	try_repo 8 unset unset unset gitfile unset \
+		"$here/8.git" "$here/8" "$here/8" "(null)" \
+		"$here/8.git" "$here/8" "$here/8" sub/
 '
 
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=root at root' '
-	cat >7/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 7 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/7"
+test_expect_success '#9: GIT_WORK_TREE accepted with gitfile' '
+	mkdir -p 9/wt &&
+	try_repo 9 wt unset unset gitfile unset \
+		"$here/9.git" "$here/9/wt" "$here/9" "(null)" \
+		"$here/9.git" "$here/9/sub/wt" "$here/9/sub" "(null)" 2>message &&
+	! test -s message
 '
 
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=root(rel) at root' '
-	cat >7/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 7 .git .
+test_expect_success '#10: GIT_DIR can point to gitfile' '
+	try_repo 10 unset "$here/10/.git" unset gitfile unset \
+		"$here/10.git" "$here/10" "$here/10" "(null)" \
+		"$here/10.git" "$here/10/sub" "$here/10/sub" "(null)"
 '
 
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=root at root' '
-	cat >7/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 7 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/7"
+test_expect_success '#10b: relative GIT_DIR can point to gitfile' '
+	try_repo 10b unset .git unset gitfile unset \
+		"$here/10b.git" "$here/10b" "$here/10b" "(null)" \
+		"$here/10b.git" "$here/10b/sub" "$here/10b/sub" "(null)"
 '
 
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=root(rel) at root' '
-	cat >7/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 7 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git" .
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORKTREE=root in subdir' '
-	cat >7/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 7/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/7"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORKTREE=root(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >7/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 7/sub/sub ../../.git ../..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORKTREE=root in subdir' '
-	cat >7/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7
-setup: prefix: sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 7/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/7"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORKTREE=root(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >7/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 7/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git" ../..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt at root' '
-	cat >7/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 7 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) at root' '
-	cat >7/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 7 .git wt
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) at root' '
-	cat >7/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 7 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git" wt
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt at root' '
-	cat >7/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 7 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt in subdir' '
-	cat >7/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: ../../.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 7/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >7/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: ../../.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 7/sub/sub ../../.git ../../wt
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >7/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 7/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git" ../../wt
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt in subdir' '
-	cat >7/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 7/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=.. at root' '
-	cat >7/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 7/
-EOF
-	test_repo 7 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) at root' '
-	cat >7/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 7/
-EOF
-	test_repo 7 .git ..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) at root' '
-	cat >7/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 7/
-EOF
-	test_repo 7 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git" ..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=.. at root' '
-	cat >7/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 7/
-EOF
-	test_repo 7 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=.. in subdir' '
-	cat >7/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 7/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 7/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >7/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 7/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 7/sub/sub ../../.git ../../..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >7/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 7/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 7/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git" ../../../
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#7: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=.. in subdir' '
-	cat >7/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 7/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 7/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/7/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-#
-# case #8
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is not set
-#  - GIT_DIR is not set
-#  - core.worktree is not set
-#  - .git is a file
-#  - core.bare is not set, cwd is outside .git
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# #0 except that git_dir is set by .git file
-
-test_expect_success '#8: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 8 8/sub &&
-	cd 8 &&
-	git init &&
-	mv .git ../8.git &&
-	echo gitdir: ../8.git >.git &&
-	cd ..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#8: at root' '
-	cat >8/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/8.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/8
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/8
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 8
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#8: in subdir' '
-	cat >8/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/8.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/8
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/8
-setup: prefix: sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 8/sub
-'
-
-#
-# case #9
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is set
-#  - GIT_DIR is not set
-#  - core.worktree is not set
-#  - .git is a file
-#  - core.bare is not set, cwd is outside .git
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# #1 except that git_dir is set by .git file
-
-test_expect_success '#9: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 9 9/sub 9.wt 9.wt/sub 9/wt 9/wt/sub &&
-	cd 9 &&
-	git init &&
-	mv .git ../9.git &&
-	echo gitdir: ../9.git >.git &&
-	GIT_WORK_TREE=non-existent &&
-	export GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	cd ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#9: at root' '
-	cat >9/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/9.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/9
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/9
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 9
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#9: in subdir' '
-	cat >9/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/9.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/9
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/9
-setup: prefix: sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 9/sub
-'
-
-#
-# case #10
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is not set
-#  - GIT_DIR is set
-#  - core.worktree is not set
-#  - .git is a file
-#  - core.bare is not set, cwd is outside .git
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# #2 except that git_dir is set by .git file
-
-test_expect_success '#10: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 10 10/sub &&
-	cd 10 &&
-	git init &&
-	mv .git ../10.git &&
-	echo gitdir: ../10.git >.git &&
-	cd ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#10: at root' '
-	cat >10/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/10.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/10
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/10
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 10 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/10/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#10: in subdir' '
-	cat >10/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/10.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/10/sub
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/10/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 10/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/10/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#10: relative GIT_DIR at root' '
-	cat >10/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/10.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/10
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/10
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 10 .git
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#10: relative GIT_DIR in subdir' '
-	cat >10/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/10.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/10/sub
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/10/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 10/sub ../.git
-'
-
-#
-# case #11
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is set
-#  - GIT_DIR is set
-#  - core.worktree is not set
-#  - .git is a file
-#  - core.bare is not set, cwd is outside .git
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# #3 except that git_dir is set by .git file
-
+# case #11: GIT_WORK_TREE works, gitfile case.
 test_expect_success '#11: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 11 11/sub 11/sub/sub 11.wt 11.wt/sub 11/wt 11/wt/sub &&
-	cd 11 &&
-	git init &&
-	mv .git ../11.git &&
-	echo gitdir: ../11.git >.git &&
-	cd ..
+	setup_repo 11 unset gitfile unset &&
+	mkdir -p 11/sub/sub 11/wt/sub
+'
+run_wt_tests 11 gitfile
+
+test_expect_success '#12: core.worktree with gitfile is accepted' '
+	try_repo 12 unset unset "$here/12" gitfile unset \
+		"$here/12.git" "$here/12" "$here/12" "(null)" \
+		"$here/12.git" "$here/12" "$here/12" sub/ 2>message &&
+	! test -s message
 '
 
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=root at root' '
-	cat >11/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 11 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/11"
+test_expect_success '#13: core.worktree+GIT_WORK_TREE accepted (with gitfile)' '
+	# or: you cannot intimidate away the lack of GIT_DIR setting
+	try_repo 13 non-existent-too unset non-existent gitfile unset \
+		"$here/13.git" "$here/13/non-existent-too" "$here/13" "(null)" \
+		"$here/13.git" "$here/13/sub/non-existent-too" "$here/13/sub" "(null)" 2>message &&
+	! test -s message
 '
 
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=root(rel) at root' '
-	cat >11/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 11 .git .
+# case #14.
+# If this were more table-driven, it could share code with case #6.
+
+test_expect_success '#14: core.worktree with GIT_DIR pointing to gitfile' '
+	setup_repo 14 "$here/14" gitfile unset &&
+	try_case 14 unset .git \
+		"$here/14.git" "$here/14" "$here/14" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 14 unset "$here/14/.git" \
+		"$here/14.git" "$here/14" "$here/14" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 14/sub/sub unset ../../.git \
+		"$here/14.git" "$here/14" "$here/14" sub/sub/ &&
+	try_case 14/sub/sub unset "$here/14/.git" \
+		"$here/14.git" "$here/14" "$here/14" sub/sub/ &&
+
+	setup_repo 14c "$here/14c/wt" gitfile unset &&
+	mkdir -p 14c/wt/sub &&
+
+	try_case 14c unset .git \
+		"$here/14c.git" "$here/14c/wt" "$here/14c" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 14c unset "$here/14c/.git" \
+		"$here/14c.git" "$here/14c/wt" "$here/14c" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 14c/sub/sub unset ../../.git \
+		"$here/14c.git" "$here/14c/wt" "$here/14c/sub/sub" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 14c/sub/sub unset "$here/14c/.git" \
+		"$here/14c.git" "$here/14c/wt" "$here/14c/sub/sub" "(null)" &&
+
+	setup_repo 14d "$here/14d/wt" gitfile unset &&
+	mkdir -p 14d/wt/sub &&
+
+	try_case 14d unset .git \
+		"$here/14d.git" "$here/14d/wt" "$here/14d" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 14d unset "$here/14d/.git" \
+		"$here/14d.git" "$here/14d/wt" "$here/14d" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 14d/sub/sub unset ../../.git \
+		"$here/14d.git" "$here/14d/wt" "$here/14d/sub/sub" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 14d/sub/sub unset "$here/14d/.git" \
+		"$here/14d.git" "$here/14d/wt" "$here/14d/sub/sub" "(null)" &&
+
+	setup_repo 14e "$here" gitfile unset &&
+	try_case 14e unset .git \
+		"$here/14e.git" "$here" "$here" 14e/ &&
+	try_case 14e unset "$here/14e/.git" \
+		"$here/14e.git" "$here" "$here" 14e/ &&
+	try_case 14e/sub/sub unset ../../.git \
+		"$here/14e.git" "$here" "$here" 14e/sub/sub/ &&
+	try_case 14e/sub/sub unset "$here/14e/.git" \
+		"$here/14e.git" "$here" "$here" 14e/sub/sub/
 '
 
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=root at root' '
-	cat >11/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 11 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/11"
+test_expect_success '#14b: core.worktree is relative to actual git dir' '
+	setup_repo 14b ../14b gitfile unset &&
+	try_case 14b unset .git \
+		"$here/14b.git" "$here/14b" "$here/14b" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 14b unset "$here/14b/.git" \
+		"$here/14b.git" "$here/14b" "$here/14b" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 14b/sub/sub unset ../../.git \
+		"$here/14b.git" "$here/14b" "$here/14b" sub/sub/ &&
+	try_case 14b/sub/sub unset "$here/14b/.git" \
+		"$here/14b.git" "$here/14b" "$here/14b" sub/sub/ &&
+
+	setup_repo 14f ../ gitfile unset &&
+	try_case 14f unset .git \
+		"$here/14f.git" "$here" "$here" 14f/ &&
+	try_case 14f unset "$here/14f/.git" \
+		"$here/14f.git" "$here" "$here" 14f/ &&
+	try_case 14f/sub/sub unset ../../.git \
+		"$here/14f.git" "$here" "$here" 14f/sub/sub/ &&
+	try_case 14f/sub/sub unset "$here/14f/.git" \
+		"$here/14f.git" "$here" "$here" 14f/sub/sub/
 '
 
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=root(rel) at root' '
-	cat >11/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 11 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/.git" .
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORKTREE=root in subdir' '
-	cat >11/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 11/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/11"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORKTREE=root(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >11/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 11/sub/sub ../../.git ../..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORKTREE=root in subdir' '
-	cat >11/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11
-setup: prefix: sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 11/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/11"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORKTREE=root(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >11/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 11/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/.git" ../..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt at root' '
-	cat >11/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 11 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) at root' '
-	cat >11/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 11 .git wt
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) at root' '
-	cat >11/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 11 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/.git" wt
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt at root' '
-	cat >11/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 11 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt in subdir' '
-	cat >11/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 11/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >11/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 11/sub/sub ../../.git ../../wt
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >11/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 11/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/.git" ../../wt
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt in subdir' '
-	cat >11/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 11/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=.. at root' '
-	cat >11/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 11/
-EOF
-	test_repo 11 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) at root' '
-	cat >11/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 11/
-EOF
-	test_repo 11 .git ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) at root' '
-	cat >11/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 11/
-EOF
-	test_repo 11 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/.git" ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=.. at root' '
-	cat >11/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 11/
-EOF
-	test_repo 11 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=.. in subdir' '
-	cat >11/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 11/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 11/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >11/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 11/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 11/sub/sub ../../.git ../../..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >11/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 11/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 11/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/.git" ../../../
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#11: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=.. in subdir' '
-	cat >11/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/11.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 11/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 11/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/11/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-#
-# case #12
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is not set
-#  - GIT_DIR is not set
-#  - core.worktree is set
-#  - .git is a file
-#  - core.bare is not set, cwd is outside .git
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# #4 except that git_dir is set by .git file
-
-
-test_expect_success '#12: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 12 12/sub 12/sub/sub 12.wt 12.wt/sub 12/wt 12/wt/sub &&
-	cd 12 &&
-	git init &&
-	git config core.worktree non-existent &&
-	mv .git ../12.git &&
-	echo gitdir: ../12.git >.git &&
-	cd ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#12: at root' '
-	cat >12/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/12.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/12
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/12
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 12
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#12: in subdir' '
-	cat >12/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/12.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/12
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/12
-setup: prefix: sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 12/sub
-'
-
-#
-# case #13
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is set
-#  - GIT_DIR is not set
-#  - core.worktree is set
-#  - .git is a file
-#  - core.bare is not set, cwd is outside .git
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# #5 except that git_dir is set by .git file
-
-test_expect_success '#13: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 13 13/sub 13/sub/sub 13.wt 13.wt/sub 13/wt 13/wt/sub &&
-	cd 13 &&
-	git init &&
-	git config core.worktree non-existent &&
-	GIT_WORK_TREE=non-existent-too &&
-	export GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mv .git ../13.git &&
-	echo gitdir: ../13.git >.git &&
-	cd ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#13: at root' '
-	cat >13/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/13.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/13
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/13
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 13
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#13: in subdir' '
-	cat >13/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/13.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/13
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/13
-setup: prefix: sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 13/sub
-'
-
-#
-# case #14
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is not set
-#  - GIT_DIR is set
-#  - core.worktree is set
-#  - .git is a file
-#  - core.bare is not set, cwd is outside .git
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# #6 except that git_dir is set by .git file
-
-test_expect_success '#14: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 14 14/sub 14/sub/sub 14.wt 14.wt/sub 14/wt 14/wt/sub &&
-	cd 14 &&
-	git init &&
-	mv .git ../14.git &&
-	echo gitdir: ../14.git >.git &&
-	cd ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=../14 at root' '
-	cat >14/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14" &&
-	test_repo 14 .git
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=../14(rel) at root' '
-	cat >14/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree ../14 &&
-	test_repo 14 .git
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=../14 at root' '
-	cat >14/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14" &&
-	test_repo 14 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=../14(rel) at root' '
-	cat >14/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree ../14 &&
-	test_repo 14 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=../14 in subdir' '
-	cat >14/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14" &&
-	test_repo 14/sub/sub ../../.git
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=../14(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >14/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree ../14 &&
-	test_repo 14/sub/sub ../../.git
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=../14 in subdir' '
-	cat >14/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14
-setup: prefix: sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14" &&
-	test_repo 14/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=../14(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >14/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree ../14 &&
-	test_repo 14/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=../14/wt at root' '
-	cat >14/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/wt" &&
-	test_repo 14 .git
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=../14/wt(rel) at root' '
-	cat >14/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree ../14/wt &&
-	test_repo 14 .git
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=../14/wt(rel) at root' '
-	cat >14/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree ../14/wt &&
-	test_repo 14 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=../14/wt at root' '
-	cat >14/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/wt" &&
-	test_repo 14 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=../14/wt in subdir' '
-	cat >14/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/wt" &&
-	test_repo 14/sub/sub ../../.git
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=../14/wt(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >14/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree ../14/wt &&
-	test_repo 14/sub/sub ../../.git
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=../14/wt(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >14/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree ../14/wt &&
-	test_repo 14/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=../14/wt in subdir' '
-	cat >14/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/wt" &&
-	test_repo 14/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=.. at root' '
-	cat >14/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 14/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY" &&
-	test_repo 14 .git
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=..(rel) at root' '
-	cat >14/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 14/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree .. &&
-	test_repo 14 .git
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=..(rel) at root' '
-	cat >14/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 14/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree .. &&
-	test_repo 14 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=.. at root' '
-	cat >14/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 14/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY" &&
-	test_repo 14 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=.. in subdir' '
-	cat >14/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 14/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY" &&
-	test_repo 14/sub/sub ../../.git
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=..(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >14/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 14/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree .. &&
-	test_repo 14/sub/sub ../../.git
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=..(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >14/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 14/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree .. &&
-	test_repo 14/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#14: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=.. in subdir' '
-	cat >14/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 14/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY" &&
-	test_repo 14/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/14/.git"
-'
-
-#
-# case #15
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is set
-#  - GIT_DIR is set
-#  - core.worktree is set
-#  - .git is a file
-#  - core.bare is not set, cwd is outside .git
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# #7 except that git_dir is set by .git file
-
+# case #15: GIT_WORK_TREE overrides core.worktree (gitfile case).
 test_expect_success '#15: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 15 15/sub 15/sub/sub 15.wt 15.wt/sub 15/wt 15/wt/sub &&
-	cd 15 &&
-	git init &&
-	git config core.worktree non-existent &&
-	mv .git ../15.git &&
-	echo gitdir: ../15.git >.git &&
-	cd ..
+	setup_repo 15 non-existent gitfile unset &&
+	mkdir -p 15/sub/sub 15/wt/sub
+'
+run_wt_tests 15 gitfile
+
+test_expect_success '#16a: implicitly bare repo (cwd inside .git dir)' '
+	setup_repo 16a unset "" unset &&
+	mkdir -p 16a/.git/wt/sub &&
+
+	try_case 16a/.git unset unset \
+		. "(null)" "$here/16a/.git" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 16a/.git/wt unset unset \
+		"$here/16a/.git" "(null)" "$here/16a/.git/wt" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 16a/.git/wt/sub unset unset \
+		"$here/16a/.git" "(null)" "$here/16a/.git/wt/sub" "(null)"
 '
 
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=root at root' '
-	cat >15/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 15 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/15"
+test_expect_success '#16b: bare .git (cwd inside .git dir)' '
+	setup_repo 16b unset "" true &&
+	mkdir -p 16b/.git/wt/sub &&
+
+	try_case 16b/.git unset unset \
+		. "(null)" "$here/16b/.git" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 16b/.git/wt unset unset \
+		"$here/16b/.git" "(null)" "$here/16b/.git/wt" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 16b/.git/wt/sub unset unset \
+		"$here/16b/.git" "(null)" "$here/16b/.git/wt/sub" "(null)"
 '
 
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=root(rel) at root' '
-	cat >15/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 15 .git .
+test_expect_success '#16c: bare .git has no worktree' '
+	try_repo 16c unset unset unset "" true \
+		.git "(null)" "$here/16c" "(null)" \
+		"$here/16c/.git" "(null)" "$here/16c/sub" "(null)"
 '
 
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=root at root' '
-	cat >15/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 15 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/15"
+test_expect_success '#17: GIT_WORK_TREE without explicit GIT_DIR is accepted (bare case)' '
+	# Just like #16.
+	setup_repo 17a unset "" true &&
+	setup_repo 17b unset "" true &&
+	mkdir -p 17a/.git/wt/sub &&
+	mkdir -p 17b/.git/wt/sub &&
+
+	try_case 17a/.git "$here/17a" unset \
+		"$here/17a/.git" "$here/17a" "$here/17a" .git/ \
+		2>message &&
+	try_case 17a/.git/wt "$here/17a" unset \
+		"$here/17a/.git" "$here/17a" "$here/17a" .git/wt/ &&
+	try_case 17a/.git/wt/sub "$here/17a" unset \
+		"$here/17a/.git" "$here/17a" "$here/17a" .git/wt/sub/ &&
+
+	try_case 17b/.git "$here/17b" unset \
+		"$here/17b/.git" "$here/17b" "$here/17b" .git/ &&
+	try_case 17b/.git/wt "$here/17b" unset \
+		"$here/17b/.git" "$here/17b" "$here/17b" .git/wt/ &&
+	try_case 17b/.git/wt/sub "$here/17b" unset \
+		"$here/17b/.git" "$here/17b" "$here/17b" .git/wt/sub/ &&
+
+	try_repo 17c "$here/17c" unset unset "" true \
+		.git "$here/17c" "$here/17c" "(null)" \
+		"$here/17c/.git" "$here/17c" "$here/17c" sub/ 2>message &&
+	! test -s message
 '
 
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=root(rel) at root' '
-	cat >15/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 15 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/.git" .
+test_expect_success '#18: bare .git named by GIT_DIR has no worktree' '
+	try_repo 18 unset .git unset "" true \
+		.git "(null)" "$here/18" "(null)" \
+		../.git "(null)" "$here/18/sub" "(null)" &&
+	try_repo 18b unset "$here/18b/.git" unset "" true \
+		"$here/18b/.git" "(null)" "$here/18b" "(null)" \
+		"$here/18b/.git" "(null)" "$here/18b/sub" "(null)"
 '
 
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORKTREE=root in subdir' '
-	cat >15/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 15/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/15"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORKTREE=root(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >15/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 15/sub/sub ../../.git ../..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORKTREE=root in subdir' '
-	cat >15/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15
-setup: prefix: sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 15/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/15"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORKTREE=root(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >15/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 15/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/.git" ../..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt at root' '
-	cat >15/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 15 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) at root' '
-	cat >15/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 15 .git wt
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) at root' '
-	cat >15/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 15 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/.git" wt
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt at root' '
-	cat >15/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 15 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt in subdir' '
-	cat >15/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 15/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >15/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 15/sub/sub ../../.git ../../wt
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >15/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 15/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/.git" ../../wt
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt in subdir' '
-	cat >15/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 15/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=.. at root' '
-	cat >15/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 15/
-EOF
-	test_repo 15 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) at root' '
-	cat >15/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 15/
-EOF
-	test_repo 15 .git ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) at root' '
-	cat >15/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 15/
-EOF
-	test_repo 15 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/.git" ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=.. at root' '
-	cat >15/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 15/
-EOF
-	test_repo 15 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=.. in subdir' '
-	cat >15/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 15/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 15/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >15/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 15/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 15/sub/sub ../../.git ../../..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >15/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 15/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 15/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/.git" ../../../
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#15: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=.. in subdir' '
-	cat >15/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/15.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 15/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 15/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/15/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-#
-# case #16.1
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is not set
-#  - GIT_DIR is not set
-#  - core.worktree is not set
-#  - .git is a directory
-#  - cwd is inside .git
-#
-# Output:
-#
-#  - no worktree
-#  - cwd is unchanged
-#  - prefix is NULL
-#  - git_dir is set
-#  - cwd can't be outside worktree
-
-test_expect_success '#16.1: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 16 16/sub &&
-	cd 16 &&
-	git init &&
-	mkdir .git/wt .git/wt/sub &&
-	cd ..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#16.1: at .git' '
-	cat >16/.git/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/16/.git
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 16/.git
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#16.1: in .git/wt' '
-	cat >16/.git/wt/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/16/.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/16/.git/wt
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 16/.git/wt
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#16.1: in .git/wt/sub' '
-	cat >16/.git/wt/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/16/.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/16/.git/wt/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 16/.git/wt/sub
-'
-
-#
-# case #16.2
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is not set
-#  - GIT_DIR is not set
-#  - core.worktree is not set
-#  - .git is a directory
-#  - core.bare is set
-#
-# Output:
-#
-#  - no worktree
-#  - cwd is unchanged
-#  - prefix is NULL
-#  - git_dir is set
-#  - cwd can't be outside worktree
-
-test_expect_success '#16.2: setup' '
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/16/.git/config" core.bare true
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#16.2: at .git' '
-	cat >16/.git/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/16/.git
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 16/.git
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#16.2: in .git/wt' '
-	cat >16/.git/wt/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/16/.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/16/.git/wt
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 16/.git/wt
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#16.2: in .git/wt/sub' '
-	cat >16/.git/wt/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/16/.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/16/.git/wt/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 16/.git/wt/sub
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#16.2: at root' '
-	cat >16/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/16
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 16
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#16.2: in subdir' '
-	cat >16/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/16/.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/16/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 16/sub
-'
-
-#
-# case #17.1
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is set
-#  - GIT_DIR is not set
-#  - core.worktree is not set
-#  - .git is a directory
-#  - cwd is inside .git
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# GIT_WORK_TREE is ignored -> #16.1 (with warnings perhaps)
-
-test_expect_success '#17.1: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 17 17/sub &&
-	cd 17 &&
-	git init &&
-	mkdir .git/wt .git/wt/sub &&
-	GIT_WORK_TREE=non-existent &&
-	export GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	cd ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#17.1: at .git' '
-	cat >17/.git/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/17/.git
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 17/.git
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#17.1: in .git/wt' '
-	cat >17/.git/wt/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/17/.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/17/.git/wt
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 17/.git/wt
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#17.1: in .git/wt/sub' '
-	cat >17/.git/wt/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/17/.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/17/.git/wt/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 17/.git/wt/sub
-'
-
-#
-# case #17.2
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is set
-#  - GIT_DIR is not set
-#  - core.worktree is not set
-#  - .git is a directory
-#  - core.bare is set
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# GIT_WORK_TREE is ignored -> #16.2 (with warnings perhaps)
-
-test_expect_success '#17.2: setup' '
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/17/.git/config" core.bare true
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#17.2: at .git' '
-	cat >17/.git/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/17/.git
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 17/.git
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#17.2: in .git/wt' '
-	cat >17/.git/wt/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/17/.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/17/.git/wt
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 17/.git/wt
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#17.2: in .git/wt/sub' '
-	cat >17/.git/wt/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/17/.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/17/.git/wt/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 17/.git/wt/sub
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#17.2: at root' '
-	cat >17/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/17
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 17
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#17.2: in subdir' '
-	cat >17/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/17/.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/17/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 17/sub
-'
-
-#
-# case #18
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is not set
-#  - GIT_DIR is set
-#  - core.worktree is not set
-#  - .git is a directory
-#  - core.bare is set
-#
-# Output:
-#
-#  - no worktree (rule #8)
-#  - cwd is unchanged
-#  - prefix is NULL
-#  - git_dir is set to $GIT_DIR
-#  - cwd can't be outside worktree
-
-test_expect_success '#18: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 18 18/sub &&
-	cd 18 &&
-	git init &&
-	mkdir .git/wt .git/wt/sub &&
-	git config core.bare true &&
-	cd ..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#18: (rel) at root' '
-	cat >18/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/18
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	 test_repo 18 .git
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#18: at root' '
-	cat >18/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/18/.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/18
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	 test_repo 18 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/18/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#18: (rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >18/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: ../.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/18/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 18/sub ../.git
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#18: in subdir' '
-	cat >18/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/18/.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/18/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 18/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/18/.git"
-'
-
-#
-# case #19
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is set
-#  - GIT_DIR is set
-#  - .git is a directory
-#  - core.worktree is not set
-#  - core.bare is set
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# bare repo is overridden by GIT_WORK_TREE -> #3
-
+# Case #19: GIT_DIR + GIT_WORK_TREE suppresses bareness.
 test_expect_success '#19: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 19 19/sub 19/sub/sub 19.wt 19.wt/sub 19/wt 19/wt/sub &&
-	cd 19 &&
-	git init &&
-	git config core.bare true &&
-	cd ..
+	setup_repo 19 unset "" true &&
+	mkdir -p 19/sub/sub 19/wt/sub
 '
+run_wt_tests 19
 
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=root at root' '
-	cat >19/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 19 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/19"
+test_expect_success '#20a: core.worktree without GIT_DIR accepted (inside .git)' '
+	# Unlike case #16a.
+	setup_repo 20a "$here/20a" "" unset &&
+	mkdir -p 20a/.git/wt/sub &&
+	try_case 20a/.git unset unset \
+		"$here/20a/.git" "$here/20a" "$here/20a" .git/ 2>message &&
+	try_case 20a/.git/wt unset unset \
+		"$here/20a/.git" "$here/20a" "$here/20a" .git/wt/ &&
+	try_case 20a/.git/wt/sub unset unset \
+		"$here/20a/.git" "$here/20a" "$here/20a" .git/wt/sub/ &&
+	! test -s message
 '
 
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=root(rel) at root' '
-	cat >19/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 19 .git .
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=root at root' '
-	cat >19/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 19 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/19"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=root(rel) at root' '
-	cat >19/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 19 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git" .
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORKTREE=root in subdir' '
-	cat >19/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 19/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/19"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORKTREE=root(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >19/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 19/sub/sub ../../.git ../..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORKTREE=root in subdir' '
-	cat >19/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19
-setup: prefix: sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 19/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/19"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORKTREE=root(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >19/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 19/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git" ../..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt at root' '
-	cat >19/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 19 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) at root' '
-	cat >19/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 19 .git wt
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) at root' '
-	cat >19/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 19 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git" wt
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt at root' '
-	cat >19/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 19 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt in subdir' '
-	cat >19/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: ../../.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 19/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >19/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: ../../.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 19/sub/sub ../../.git ../../wt
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >19/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 19/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git" ../../wt
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt in subdir' '
-	cat >19/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 19/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=.. at root' '
-	cat >19/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 19/
-EOF
-	test_repo 19 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) at root' '
-	cat >19/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 19/
-EOF
-	test_repo 19 .git ..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) at root' '
-	cat >19/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 19/
-EOF
-	test_repo 19 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git" ..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=.. at root' '
-	cat >19/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 19/
-EOF
-	test_repo 19 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=.. in subdir' '
-	cat >19/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 19/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 19/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >19/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 19/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 19/sub/sub ../../.git ../../..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >19/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 19/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 19/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git" ../../../
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#19: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=.. in subdir' '
-	cat >19/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 19/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 19/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/19/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-#
-# case #20.1
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is not set
-#  - GIT_DIR is not set
-#  - core.worktree is set
-#  - .git is a directory
-#  - cwd is inside .git
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# core.worktree is ignored -> #16.1
-
-test_expect_success '#20.1: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 20 20/sub &&
-	cd 20 &&
-	git init &&
-	git config core.worktree non-existent &&
-	mkdir .git/wt .git/wt/sub &&
-	cd ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#20.1: at .git' '
-	cat >20/.git/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/20/.git
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 20/.git
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#20.1: in .git/wt' '
-	cat >20/.git/wt/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/20/.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/20/.git/wt
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 20/.git/wt
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#20.1: in .git/wt/sub' '
-	cat >20/.git/wt/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/20/.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/20/.git/wt/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 20/.git/wt/sub
-'
-
-#
-# case #20.2
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is not set
-#  - GIT_DIR is not set
-#  - core.worktree is set
-#  - .git is a directory
-#  - core.bare is set
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# core.worktree is ignored -> #16.2
-
-test_expect_success '#20.2: setup' '
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/20/.git/config" core.bare true
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#20.2: at .git' '
-	cat >20/.git/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/20/.git
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 20/.git
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#20.2: in .git/wt' '
-	cat >20/.git/wt/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/20/.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/20/.git/wt
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 20/.git/wt
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#20.2: in .git/wt/sub' '
-	cat >20/.git/wt/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/20/.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/20/.git/wt/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 20/.git/wt/sub
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#20.2: at root' '
-	cat >20/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/20
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 20
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#20.2: in subdir' '
-	cat >20/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/20/.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/20/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 20/sub
-'
-
-#
-# case #21.1
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is set
-#  - GIT_DIR is not set
-#  - core.worktree is set
-#  - .git is a directory
-#  - cwd is inside .git
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# GIT_WORK_TREE/core.worktree are ignored -> #20.1
-
-test_expect_success '#21.1: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 21 21/sub &&
-	cd 21 &&
-	git init &&
-	git config core.worktree non-existent &&
-	GIT_WORK_TREE=non-existent-too &&
-	export GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir .git/wt .git/wt/sub &&
-	cd ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#21.1: at .git' '
-	cat >21/.git/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/21/.git
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 21/.git
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#21.1: in .git/wt' '
-	cat >21/.git/wt/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/21/.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/21/.git/wt
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 21/.git/wt
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#21.1: in .git/wt/sub' '
-	cat >21/.git/wt/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/21/.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/21/.git/wt/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 21/.git/wt/sub
-'
-
-#
-# case #21.2
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is set
-#  - GIT_DIR is not set
-#  - core.worktree is set
-#  - .git is a directory
-#  - core.bare is set
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# GIT_WORK_TREE/core.worktree are ignored -> #20.2
-
-test_expect_success '#21.2: setup' '
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/21/.git/config" core.bare true
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#21.2: at .git' '
-	cat >21/.git/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/21/.git
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 21/.git
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#21.2: in .git/wt' '
-	cat >21/.git/wt/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/21/.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/21/.git/wt
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 21/.git/wt
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#21.2: in .git/wt/sub' '
-	cat >21/.git/wt/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/21/.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/21/.git/wt/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 21/.git/wt/sub
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#21.2: at root' '
-	cat >21/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/21
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 21
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#21.2: in subdir' '
-	cat >21/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/21/.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/21/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 21/sub
-'
-
-#
-# case #22.1
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is not set
-#  - GIT_DIR is set
-#  - core.worktree is set
-#  - .git is a directory
-#  - cwd is inside .git
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# bare attribute is ignored
-#
-#  - worktree is at core.worktree
-#  - cwd is at worktree root
-#  - prefix is calculated
-#  - git_dir is at $GIT_DIR
-#  - cwd can be outside worktree
-
-test_expect_success '#22.1: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 22 &&
-	cd 22 &&
-	git init &&
-	mkdir .git/sub .git/wt .git/wt/sub &&
-	cd ..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#22.1: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=. at .git' '
-	cat >22/.git/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git" &&
-	test_repo 22/.git .
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#22.1: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=.(rel) at .git' '
-	cat >22/.git/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree . &&
-	test_repo 22/.git .
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#22.1: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=. at .git' '
-	cat >22/.git/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git" &&
-	test_repo 22/.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#22.1: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=.(rel) at root' '
-	cat >22/.git/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree . &&
-	test_repo 22/.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#22.1: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=. in .git/sub' '
-	cat >22/.git/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: prefix: sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git" &&
-	test_repo 22/.git/sub ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#22.1: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=.(rel) in .git/sub' '
-	cat >22/.git/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: prefix: sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree . &&
-	test_repo 22/.git/sub/ ..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#22.1: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=. in .git/sub' '
-	cat >22/.git/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: prefix: sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git" &&
-	test_repo 22/.git/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#22.1: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=.(rel) in .git/sub' '
-	cat >22/.git/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: prefix: sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree . &&
-	test_repo 22/.git/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#22.1: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=wt at .git' '
-	cat >22/.git/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/wt" &&
-	test_repo 22/.git .
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#22.1: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=wt(rel) at .git' '
-	cat >22/.git/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree wt &&
-	test_repo 22/.git .
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#22.1: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=wt(rel) at .git' '
-	cat >22/.git/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree wt &&
-	test_repo 22/.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#22.1: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=wt at .git' '
-	cat >22/.git/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/wt" &&
-	test_repo 22/.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#22.1: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=wt in .git/sub' '
-	cat >22/.git/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: ..
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/wt" &&
-	test_repo 22/.git/sub ..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#22.1: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=wt(rel) in .git/sub' '
-	cat >22/.git/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: ..
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree wt &&
-	test_repo 22/.git/sub ..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#22.1: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=wt(rel) in .git/sub' '
-	cat >22/.git/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree wt &&
-	test_repo 22/.git/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#22.1: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=wt in .git/sub' '
-	cat >22/.git/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/wt" &&
-	test_repo 22/.git/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#22.1: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=.. at .git' '
-	cat >22/.git/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22
-setup: prefix: .git/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22" &&
-	test_repo 22/.git .
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#22.1: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=..(rel) at .git' '
-	cat >22/.git/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22
-setup: prefix: .git/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree .. &&
-	test_repo 22/.git .
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#22.1: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=..(rel) at .git' '
-	cat >22/.git/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22
-setup: prefix: .git/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree .. &&
-	test_repo 22/.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#22.1: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=.. at .git' '
-	cat >22/.git/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22
-setup: prefix: .git/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22" &&
-	test_repo 22/.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#22.1: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=.. in .git/sub' '
-	cat >22/.git/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22
-setup: prefix: .git/sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22" &&
-	test_repo 22/.git/sub ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#22.1: GIT_DIR(rel), core.worktree=..(rel) in .git/sub' '
-	cat >22/.git/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22
-setup: prefix: .git/sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree .. &&
-	test_repo 22/.git/sub ..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#22.1: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=..(rel) in .git/sub' '
-	cat >22/.git/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22
-setup: prefix: .git/sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree .. &&
-	test_repo 22/.git/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#22.1: GIT_DIR, core.worktree=.. in .git/sub' '
-	cat >22/.git/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/22
-setup: prefix: .git/sub/
-EOF
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22" &&
-	test_repo 22/.git/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git"
-'
-
-#
-# case #22.2
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is not set
-#  - GIT_DIR is set
-#  - core.worktree is set
-#  - .git is a directory
-#  - core.bare is set
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# core.worktree and core.bare conflict, won't fly.
-
-test_expect_success '#22.2: setup' '
-	git config --file="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/22/.git/config" core.bare true
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#22.2: at .git' '
+test_expect_success '#20b/c: core.worktree and core.bare conflict' '
+	setup_repo 20b non-existent "" true &&
+	mkdir -p 20b/.git/wt/sub &&
 	(
-	cd 22/.git &&
-	GIT_DIR=. &&
-	export GIT_DIR &&
-	test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD 2>result &&
-	grep "core.bare and core.worktree do not make sense" result
-	)
+		cd 20b/.git &&
+		test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD >/dev/null
+	) 2>message &&
+	grep "core.bare and core.worktree" message
 '
 
-test_expect_failure '#22.2: at root' '
+# Case #21: core.worktree/GIT_WORK_TREE overrides core.bare' '
+test_expect_success '#21: setup, core.worktree warns before overriding core.bare' '
+	setup_repo 21 non-existent "" unset &&
+	mkdir -p 21/.git/wt/sub &&
 	(
-	cd 22 &&
-	GIT_DIR=.git &&
-	export GIT_DIR &&
-	test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD 2>result &&
-	grep "core.bare and core.worktree do not make sense" result
-	)
+		cd 21/.git &&
+		GIT_WORK_TREE="$here/21" &&
+		export GIT_WORK_TREE &&
+		git symbolic-ref HEAD >/dev/null
+	) 2>message &&
+	! test -s message
+
+'
+run_wt_tests 21
+
+test_expect_success '#22a: core.worktree = GIT_DIR = .git dir' '
+	# like case #6.
+
+	setup_repo 22a "$here/22a/.git" "" unset &&
+	setup_repo 22ab . "" unset
+	mkdir -p 22a/.git/sub 22a/sub &&
+	mkdir -p 22ab/.git/sub 22ab/sub &&
+	try_case 22a/.git unset . \
+		. "$here/22a/.git" "$here/22a/.git" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 22a/.git unset "$here/22a/.git" \
+		"$here/22a/.git" "$here/22a/.git" "$here/22a/.git" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 22a/.git/sub unset .. \
+		"$here/22a/.git" "$here/22a/.git" "$here/22a/.git" sub/ &&
+	try_case 22a/.git/sub unset "$here/22a/.git" \
+		"$here/22a/.git" "$here/22a/.git" "$here/22a/.git" sub/ &&
+
+	try_case 22ab/.git unset . \
+		. "$here/22ab/.git" "$here/22ab/.git" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 22ab/.git unset "$here/22ab/.git" \
+		"$here/22ab/.git" "$here/22ab/.git" "$here/22ab/.git" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 22ab/.git/sub unset .. \
+		"$here/22ab/.git" "$here/22ab/.git" "$here/22ab/.git" sub/ &&
+	try_case 22ab/.git unset "$here/22ab/.git" \
+		"$here/22ab/.git" "$here/22ab/.git" "$here/22ab/.git" "(null)"
 '
 
-#
-# case #23
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is set
-#  - GIT_DIR is set
-#  - core.worktree is set
-#  - .git is a directory
-#  - core.bare is set
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# core.worktree is overridden by GIT_WORK_TREE -> #19
+test_expect_success '#22b: core.worktree child of .git, GIT_DIR=.git' '
+	setup_repo 22b "$here/22b/.git/wt" "" unset &&
+	setup_repo 22bb wt "" unset &&
+	mkdir -p 22b/.git/sub 22b/sub 22b/.git/wt/sub 22b/wt/sub &&
+	mkdir -p 22bb/.git/sub 22bb/sub 22bb/.git/wt 22bb/wt &&
 
+	try_case 22b/.git unset . \
+		. "$here/22b/.git/wt" "$here/22b/.git" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 22b/.git unset "$here/22b/.git" \
+		"$here/22b/.git" "$here/22b/.git/wt" "$here/22b/.git" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 22b/.git/sub unset .. \
+		.. "$here/22b/.git/wt" "$here/22b/.git/sub" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 22b/.git/sub unset "$here/22b/.git" \
+		"$here/22b/.git" "$here/22b/.git/wt" "$here/22b/.git/sub" "(null)" &&
+
+	try_case 22bb/.git unset . \
+		. "$here/22bb/.git/wt" "$here/22bb/.git" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 22bb/.git unset "$here/22bb/.git" \
+		"$here/22bb/.git" "$here/22bb/.git/wt" "$here/22bb/.git" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 22bb/.git/sub unset .. \
+		.. "$here/22bb/.git/wt" "$here/22bb/.git/sub" "(null)" &&
+	try_case 22bb/.git/sub unset "$here/22bb/.git" \
+		"$here/22bb/.git" "$here/22bb/.git/wt" "$here/22bb/.git/sub" "(null)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '#22c: core.worktree = .git/.., GIT_DIR=.git' '
+	setup_repo 22c "$here/22c" "" unset &&
+	setup_repo 22cb .. "" unset &&
+	mkdir -p 22c/.git/sub 22c/sub &&
+	mkdir -p 22cb/.git/sub 22cb/sub &&
+
+	try_case 22c/.git unset . \
+		"$here/22c/.git" "$here/22c" "$here/22c" .git/ &&
+	try_case 22c/.git unset "$here/22c/.git" \
+		"$here/22c/.git" "$here/22c" "$here/22c" .git/ &&
+	try_case 22c/.git/sub unset .. \
+		"$here/22c/.git" "$here/22c" "$here/22c" .git/sub/ &&
+	try_case 22c/.git/sub unset "$here/22c/.git" \
+		"$here/22c/.git" "$here/22c" "$here/22c" .git/sub/ &&
+
+	try_case 22cb/.git unset . \
+		"$here/22cb/.git" "$here/22cb" "$here/22cb" .git/ &&
+	try_case 22cb/.git unset "$here/22cb/.git" \
+		"$here/22cb/.git" "$here/22cb" "$here/22cb" .git/ &&
+	try_case 22cb/.git/sub unset .. \
+		"$here/22cb/.git" "$here/22cb" "$here/22cb" .git/sub/ &&
+	try_case 22cb/.git/sub unset "$here/22cb/.git" \
+		"$here/22cb/.git" "$here/22cb" "$here/22cb" .git/sub/
+'
+
+test_expect_success '#22.2: core.worktree and core.bare conflict' '
+	setup_repo 22 "$here/22" "" true &&
+	(
+		cd 22/.git &&
+		GIT_DIR=. &&
+		export GIT_DIR &&
+		test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD 2>result
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd 22 &&
+		GIT_DIR=.git &&
+		export GIT_DIR &&
+		test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD 2>result
+	) &&
+	grep "core.bare and core.worktree" 22/.git/result &&
+	grep "core.bare and core.worktree" 22/result
+'
+
+# Case #23: GIT_DIR + GIT_WORK_TREE(+core.worktree) suppresses bareness.
 test_expect_success '#23: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 23 23/sub 23/sub/sub 23.wt 23.wt/sub 23/wt 23/wt/sub &&
-	cd 23 &&
-	git init &&
-	git config core.bare true &&
-	git config core.worktree non-existent &&
-	cd ..
+	setup_repo 23 non-existent "" true &&
+	mkdir -p 23/sub/sub 23/wt/sub
+'
+run_wt_tests 23
+
+test_expect_success '#24: bare repo has no worktree (gitfile case)' '
+	try_repo 24 unset unset unset gitfile true \
+		"$here/24.git" "(null)" "$here/24" "(null)" \
+		"$here/24.git" "(null)" "$here/24/sub" "(null)"
 '
 
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=root at root' '
-	cat >23/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 23 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/23"
+test_expect_success '#25: GIT_WORK_TREE accepted if GIT_DIR unset (bare gitfile case)' '
+	try_repo 25 "$here/25" unset unset gitfile true \
+		"$here/25.git" "$here/25" "$here/25" "(null)"  \
+		"$here/25.git" "$here/25" "$here/25" "sub/" 2>message &&
+	! test -s message
 '
 
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=root(rel) at root' '
-	cat >23/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 23 .git .
+test_expect_success '#26: bare repo has no worktree (GIT_DIR -> gitfile case)' '
+	try_repo 26 unset "$here/26/.git" unset gitfile true \
+		"$here/26.git" "(null)" "$here/26" "(null)" \
+		"$here/26.git" "(null)" "$here/26/sub" "(null)" &&
+	try_repo 26b unset .git unset gitfile true \
+		"$here/26b.git" "(null)" "$here/26b" "(null)" \
+		"$here/26b.git" "(null)" "$here/26b/sub" "(null)"
 '
 
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=root at root' '
-	cat >23/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 23 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/23"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=root(rel) at root' '
-	cat >23/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 23 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git" .
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORKTREE=root in subdir' '
-	cat >23/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 23/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/23"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORKTREE=root(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >23/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 23/sub/sub ../../.git ../..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORKTREE=root in subdir' '
-	cat >23/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23
-setup: prefix: sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 23/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/23"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORKTREE=root(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >23/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 23/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git" ../..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt at root' '
-	cat >23/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 23 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) at root' '
-	cat >23/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: .git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 23 .git wt
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) at root' '
-	cat >23/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 23 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git" wt
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt at root' '
-	cat >23/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 23 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt in subdir' '
-	cat >23/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: ../../.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 23/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >23/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: ../../.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 23/sub/sub ../../.git ../../wt
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >23/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 23/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git" ../../wt
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt in subdir' '
-	cat >23/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 23/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=.. at root' '
-	cat >23/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 23/
-EOF
-	test_repo 23 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) at root' '
-	cat >23/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 23/
-EOF
-	test_repo 23 .git ..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) at root' '
-	cat >23/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 23/
-EOF
-	test_repo 23 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git" ..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=.. at root' '
-	cat >23/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 23/
-EOF
-	test_repo 23 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=.. in subdir' '
-	cat >23/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 23/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 23/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >23/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 23/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 23/sub/sub ../../.git ../../..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >23/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 23/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 23/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git" ../../../
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#23: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=.. in subdir' '
-	cat >23/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 23/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 23/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/23/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-#
-# case #24
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is not set
-#  - GIT_DIR is not set
-#  - core.worktree is not set
-#  - .git is a file
-#  - core.bare is set
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# #16.2 except git_dir is set according to .git file
-
-test_expect_success '#24: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 24 24/sub &&
-	cd 24 &&
-	git init &&
-	git config core.bare true &&
-	mv .git ../24.git &&
-	echo gitdir: ../24.git >.git &&
-	cd ..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#24: at root' '
-	cat >24/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/24.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/24
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 24
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#24: in subdir' '
-	cat >24/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/24.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/24/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 24/sub
-'
-
-#
-# case #25
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is set
-#  - GIT_DIR is not set
-#  - core.worktree is not set
-#  - .git is a file
-#  - core.bare is set
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# #17.2 except git_dir is set according to .git file
-
-test_expect_success '#25: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 25 25/sub &&
-	cd 25 &&
-	git init &&
-	git config core.bare true &&
-	GIT_WORK_TREE=non-existent &&
-	export GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mv .git ../25.git &&
-	echo gitdir: ../25.git >.git &&
-	cd ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#25: at root' '
-	cat >25/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/25.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/25
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 25
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#25: in subdir' '
-	cat >25/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/25.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/25/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 25/sub
-'
-
-#
-# case #26
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is not set
-#  - GIT_DIR is set
-#  - core.worktree is not set
-#  - .git is a file
-#  - core.bare is set
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# #18 except git_dir is set according to .git file
-
-test_expect_success '#26: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 26 26/sub &&
-	cd 26 &&
-	git init &&
-	git config core.bare true &&
-	mv .git ../26.git &&
-	echo gitdir: ../26.git >.git &&
-	cd ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#26: (rel) at root' '
-	cat >26/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/26.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/26
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	 test_repo 26 .git
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#26: at root' '
-	cat >26/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/26.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/26
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	 test_repo 26 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/26/.git"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#26: (rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >26/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/26.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/26/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 26/sub ../.git
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#26: in subdir' '
-	cat >26/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/26.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/26/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 26/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/26/.git"
-'
-
-#
-# case #27
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is set
-#  - GIT_DIR is set
-#  - .git is a file
-#  - core.worktree is not set
-#  - core.bare is set
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# #19 except git_dir is set according to .git file
-
+# Case #27: GIT_DIR + GIT_WORK_TREE suppresses bareness (with gitfile).
 test_expect_success '#27: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 27 27/sub 27/sub/sub 27.wt 27.wt/sub 27/wt 27/wt/sub &&
-	cd 27 &&
-	git init &&
-	git config core.bare true &&
-	mv .git ../27.git &&
-	echo gitdir: ../27.git >.git &&
-	cd ..
+	setup_repo 27 unset gitfile true &&
+	mkdir -p 27/sub/sub 27/wt/sub
 '
+run_wt_tests 27 gitfile
 
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=root at root' '
-	cat >27/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 27 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/27"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=root(rel) at root' '
-	cat >27/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 27 .git .
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=root at root' '
-	cat >27/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 27 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/27"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=root(rel) at root' '
-	cat >27/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 27 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/.git" .
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORKTREE=root in subdir' '
-	cat >27/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 27/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/27"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORKTREE=root(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >27/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 27/sub/sub ../../.git ../..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORKTREE=root in subdir' '
-	cat >27/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27
-setup: prefix: sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 27/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/27"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORKTREE=root(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >27/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 27/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/.git" ../..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt at root' '
-	cat >27/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 27 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) at root' '
-	cat >27/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 27 .git wt
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) at root' '
-	cat >27/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 27 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/.git" wt
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt at root' '
-	cat >27/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 27 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt in subdir' '
-	cat >27/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 27/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >27/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 27/sub/sub ../../.git ../../wt
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >27/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 27/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/.git" ../../wt
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt in subdir' '
-	cat >27/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 27/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=.. at root' '
-	cat >27/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 27/
-EOF
-	test_repo 27 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) at root' '
-	cat >27/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 27/
-EOF
-	test_repo 27 .git ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) at root' '
-	cat >27/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 27/
-EOF
-	test_repo 27 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/.git" ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=.. at root' '
-	cat >27/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 27/
-EOF
-	test_repo 27 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=.. in subdir' '
-	cat >27/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 27/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 27/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >27/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 27/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 27/sub/sub ../../.git ../../..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >27/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 27/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 27/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/.git" ../../../
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#27: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=.. in subdir' '
-	cat >27/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/27.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 27/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 27/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/27/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-#
-# case #28
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is not set
-#  - GIT_DIR is not set
-#  - core.worktree is set
-#  - .git is a file
-#  - core.bare is set
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# core.worktree is ignored -> #24
-
-test_expect_success '#28: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 28 28/sub &&
-	cd 28 &&
-	git init &&
-	git config core.bare true &&
-	git config core.worktree non-existent &&
-	mv .git ../28.git &&
-	echo gitdir: ../28.git >.git &&
-	cd ..
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#28: at root' '
-	cat >28/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/28.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/28
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 28
-'
-
-test_expect_success '#28: in subdir' '
-	cat >28/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/28.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/28/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 28/sub
-'
-
-#
-# case #29
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is set
-#  - GIT_DIR is not set
-#  - core.worktree is set
-#  - .git is a file
-#  - core.bare is set
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# GIT_WORK_TREE/core.worktree are ignored -> #28
-
-test_expect_success '#29: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 29 29/sub &&
-	cd 29 &&
-	git init &&
-	git config core.bare true &&
-	GIT_WORK_TREE=non-existent &&
-	export GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mv .git ../29.git &&
-	echo gitdir: ../29.git >.git &&
-	cd ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#29: at root' '
-	cat >29/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/29.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/29
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 29
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#29: in subdir' '
-	cat >29/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/29.git
-setup: worktree: (null)
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/29/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 29/sub
-'
-
-#
-# case #30
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is not set
-#  - GIT_DIR is set
-#  - core.worktree is set
-#  - .git is a file
-#  - core.bare is set
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# core.worktree and core.bare conflict, won't fly.
-
-test_expect_success '#30: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 30 &&
-	cd 30 &&
-	git init &&
-	git config core.bare true &&
-	git config core.worktree non-existent &&
-	mv .git ../30.git &&
-	echo gitdir: ../30.git >.git &&
-	cd ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#30: at root' '
+test_expect_success '#28: core.worktree and core.bare conflict (gitfile case)' '
+	setup_repo 28 "$here/28" gitfile true &&
 	(
-	cd 30 &&
-	GIT_DIR=.git &&
-	export GIT_DIR &&
-	test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD 2>result &&
-	grep "core.bare and core.worktree do not make sense" result
-	)
+		cd 28 &&
+		test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD
+	) 2>message &&
+	! grep "^warning:" message &&
+	grep "core.bare and core.worktree" message
 '
 
-#
-# case #31
-#
-############################################################
-#
-# Input:
-#
-#  - GIT_WORK_TREE is set
-#  - GIT_DIR is set
-#  - core.worktree is set
-#  - .git is a file
-#  - core.bare is set
-#
-# Output:
-#
-# #23 except git_dir is set according to .git file
+# Case #29: GIT_WORK_TREE(+core.worktree) overrides core.bare (gitfile case).
+test_expect_success '#29: setup' '
+	setup_repo 29 non-existent gitfile true &&
+	mkdir -p 29/sub/sub 29/wt/sub
+	(
+		cd 29 &&
+		GIT_WORK_TREE="$here/29" &&
+		export GIT_WORK_TREE &&
+		git symbolic-ref HEAD >/dev/null
+	) 2>message &&
+	! test -s message
+'
+run_wt_tests 29 gitfile
 
+test_expect_success '#30: core.worktree and core.bare conflict (gitfile version)' '
+	# Just like case #22.
+	setup_repo 30 "$here/30" gitfile true &&
+	(
+		cd 30 &&
+		GIT_DIR=.git &&
+		export GIT_DIR &&
+		test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD 2>result
+	) &&
+	grep "core.bare and core.worktree" 30/result
+'
+
+# Case #31: GIT_DIR + GIT_WORK_TREE(+core.worktree) suppresses
+# bareness (gitfile version).
 test_expect_success '#31: setup' '
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-	mkdir 31 31/sub 31/sub/sub 31.wt 31.wt/sub 31/wt 31/wt/sub &&
-	cd 31 &&
-	git init &&
-	git config core.bare true &&
-	git config core.worktree non-existent &&
-	mv .git ../31.git &&
-	echo gitdir: ../31.git >.git &&
-	cd ..
+	setup_repo 31 non-existent gitfile true &&
+	mkdir -p 31/sub/sub 31/wt/sub
 '
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=root at root' '
-	cat >31/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 31 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/31"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=root(rel) at root' '
-	cat >31/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 31 .git .
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=root at root' '
-	cat >31/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 31 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/31"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=root(rel) at root' '
-	cat >31/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 31 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/.git" .
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORKTREE=root in subdir' '
-	cat >31/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 31/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/31"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORKTREE=root(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >31/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 31/sub/sub ../../.git ../..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORKTREE=root in subdir' '
-	cat >31/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31
-setup: prefix: sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 31/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/31"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORKTREE=root(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >31/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31
-setup: prefix: sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 31/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/.git" ../..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt at root' '
-	cat >31/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 31 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) at root' '
-	cat >31/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 31 .git wt
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) at root' '
-	cat >31/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 31 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/.git" wt
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt at root' '
-	cat >31/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 31 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt in subdir' '
-	cat >31/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 31/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >31/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 31/sub/sub ../../.git ../../wt
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >31/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 31/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/.git" ../../wt
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=wt in subdir' '
-	cat >31/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/wt
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/sub/sub
-setup: prefix: (null)
-EOF
-	test_repo 31/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/wt"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=.. at root' '
-	cat >31/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 31/
-EOF
-	test_repo 31 .git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) at root' '
-	cat >31/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 31/
-EOF
-	test_repo 31 .git ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) at root' '
-	cat >31/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 31/
-EOF
-	test_repo 31 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/.git" ..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=.. at root' '
-	cat >31/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 31/
-EOF
-	test_repo 31 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=.. in subdir' '
-	cat >31/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 31/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 31/sub/sub ../../.git "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR(rel), GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >31/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 31/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 31/sub/sub ../../.git ../../..
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=..(rel) in subdir' '
-	cat >31/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 31/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 31/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/.git" ../../../
-'
-
-test_expect_failure '#31: GIT_DIR, GIT_WORK_TREE=.. in subdir' '
-	cat >31/sub/sub/expected <<EOF &&
-setup: git_dir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/31.git
-setup: worktree: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: cwd: $TRASH_DIRECTORY
-setup: prefix: 31/sub/sub/
-EOF
-	test_repo 31/sub/sub "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/31/.git" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
+run_wt_tests 31 gitfile
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1511-rev-parse-caret.sh b/t/t1511-rev-parse-caret.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..e043cb7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1511-rev-parse-caret.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='tests for ref^{stuff}'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo blob >a-blob &&
+	git tag -a -m blob blob-tag `git hash-object -w a-blob`
+	mkdir a-tree &&
+	echo moreblobs >a-tree/another-blob &&
+	git add . &&
+	TREE_SHA1=`git write-tree` &&
+	git tag -a -m tree tree-tag "$TREE_SHA1" &&
+	git commit -m Initial &&
+	git tag -a -m commit commit-tag &&
+	git branch ref &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	echo modified >>a-blob &&
+	git add -u &&
+	git commit -m Modified
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ref^{non-existent}' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse ref^{non-existent}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ref^{}' '
+	git rev-parse ref >expected &&
+	git rev-parse ref^{} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	git rev-parse commit-tag^{} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ref^{commit}' '
+	git rev-parse ref >expected &&
+	git rev-parse ref^{commit} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	git rev-parse commit-tag^{commit} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse tree-tag^{commit} &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse blob-tag^{commit}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ref^{tree}' '
+	echo $TREE_SHA1 >expected &&
+	git rev-parse ref^{tree} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	git rev-parse commit-tag^{tree} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	git rev-parse tree-tag^{tree} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse blob-tag^{tree}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ref^{/.}' '
+	git rev-parse master >expected &&
+	git rev-parse master^{/.} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ref^{/non-existent}' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse master^{/non-existent}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ref^{/Initial}' '
+	git rev-parse ref >expected &&
+	git rev-parse master^{/Initial} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2006-checkout-index-basic.sh b/t/t2006-checkout-index-basic.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..b855983
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2006-checkout-index-basic.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='basic checkout-index tests
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout-index --gobbledegook' '
+	test_expect_code 129 git checkout-index --gobbledegook 2>err &&
+	grep "[Uu]sage" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout-index -h in broken repository' '
+	mkdir broken &&
+	(
+		cd broken &&
+		git init &&
+		>.git/index &&
+		test_expect_code 129 git checkout-index -h >usage 2>&1
+	) &&
+	grep "[Uu]sage" broken/usage
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2007-checkout-symlink.sh b/t/t2007-checkout-symlink.sh
index a74ee22..e6f59f1 100755
--- a/t/t2007-checkout-symlink.sh
+++ b/t/t2007-checkout-symlink.sh
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 	git branch side &&
 
 	echo goodbye >nitfol &&
-	git add nitfol
+	git add nitfol &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "master adds file nitfol" &&
 
diff --git a/t/t2011-checkout-invalid-head.sh b/t/t2011-checkout-invalid-head.sh
index 15ebdc2..300f8bf 100755
--- a/t/t2011-checkout-invalid-head.sh
+++ b/t/t2011-checkout-invalid-head.sh
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout master from invalid HEAD' '
-	echo 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 >.git/HEAD &&
+	echo $_z40 >.git/HEAD &&
 	git checkout master --
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t2016-checkout-patch.sh b/t/t2016-checkout-patch.sh
index a463b13..9cd0ac4 100755
--- a/t/t2016-checkout-patch.sh
+++ b/t/t2016-checkout-patch.sh
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'git checkout -p with staged changes' '
-	set_state dir/foo work index
+	set_state dir/foo work index &&
 	(echo n; echo y) | git checkout -p &&
 	verify_saved_state bar &&
 	verify_state dir/foo index index
diff --git a/t/t2017-checkout-orphan.sh b/t/t2017-checkout-orphan.sh
index 2d2f63f..0e3b858 100755
--- a/t/t2017-checkout-orphan.sh
+++ b/t/t2017-checkout-orphan.sh
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'Setup' '
 	echo "Initial" >"$TEST_FILE" &&
 	git add "$TEST_FILE" &&
-	git commit -m "First Commit"
+	git commit -m "First Commit" &&
 	test_tick &&
 	echo "State 1" >>"$TEST_FILE" &&
 	git add "$TEST_FILE" &&
diff --git a/t/t2019-checkout-ambiguous-ref.sh b/t/t2019-checkout-ambiguous-ref.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..b99d519
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2019-checkout-ambiguous-ref.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='checkout handling of ambiguous (branch/tag) refs'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup ambiguous refs' '
+	test_commit branch file &&
+	git branch ambiguity &&
+	git branch vagueness &&
+	test_commit tag file &&
+	git tag ambiguity &&
+	git tag vagueness HEAD:file &&
+	test_commit other file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout ambiguous ref succeeds' '
+	git checkout ambiguity >stdout 2>stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout produces ambiguity warning' '
+	grep "warning.*ambiguous" stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout chooses branch over tag' '
+	echo refs/heads/ambiguity >expect &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	echo branch >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout reports switch to branch' '
+	test_i18ngrep "Switched to branch" stderr &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "^HEAD is now at" stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout vague ref succeeds' '
+	git checkout vagueness >stdout 2>stderr &&
+	test_set_prereq VAGUENESS_SUCCESS
+'
+
+test_expect_success VAGUENESS_SUCCESS 'checkout produces ambiguity warning' '
+	grep "warning.*ambiguous" stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success VAGUENESS_SUCCESS 'checkout chooses branch over tag' '
+	echo refs/heads/vagueness >expect &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	echo branch >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file
+'
+
+test_expect_success VAGUENESS_SUCCESS 'checkout reports switch to branch' '
+	test_i18ngrep "Switched to branch" stderr &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "^HEAD is now at" stderr
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2020-checkout-detach.sh b/t/t2020-checkout-detach.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..2366f0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2020-checkout-detach.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='checkout into detached HEAD state'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+check_detached () {
+	test_must_fail git symbolic-ref -q HEAD >/dev/null
+}
+
+check_not_detached () {
+	git symbolic-ref -q HEAD >/dev/null
+}
+
+ORPHAN_WARNING='you are leaving .* commit.*behind'
+check_orphan_warning() {
+	test_i18ngrep "$ORPHAN_WARNING" "$1"
+}
+check_no_orphan_warning() {
+	test_i18ngrep ! "$ORPHAN_WARNING" "$1"
+}
+
+reset () {
+	git checkout master &&
+	check_not_detached
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_commit one &&
+	test_commit two &&
+	test_commit three && git tag -d three &&
+	test_commit four && git tag -d four &&
+	git branch branch &&
+	git tag tag
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout branch does not detach' '
+	reset &&
+	git checkout branch &&
+	check_not_detached
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout tag detaches' '
+	reset &&
+	git checkout tag &&
+	check_detached
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout branch by full name detaches' '
+	reset &&
+	git checkout refs/heads/branch &&
+	check_detached
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout non-ref detaches' '
+	reset &&
+	git checkout branch^ &&
+	check_detached
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout ref^0 detaches' '
+	reset &&
+	git checkout branch^0 &&
+	check_detached
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout --detach detaches' '
+	reset &&
+	git checkout --detach branch &&
+	check_detached
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout --detach without branch name' '
+	reset &&
+	git checkout --detach &&
+	check_detached
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout --detach errors out for non-commit' '
+	reset &&
+	test_must_fail git checkout --detach one^{tree} &&
+	check_not_detached
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout --detach errors out for extra argument' '
+	reset &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_must_fail git checkout --detach tag one.t &&
+	check_not_detached
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout --detached and -b are incompatible' '
+	reset &&
+	test_must_fail git checkout --detach -b newbranch tag &&
+	check_not_detached
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout --detach moves HEAD' '
+	reset &&
+	git checkout one &&
+	git checkout --detach two &&
+	git diff --exit-code HEAD &&
+	git diff --exit-code two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout warns on orphan commits' '
+	reset &&
+	git checkout --detach two &&
+	echo content >orphan &&
+	git add orphan &&
+	git commit -a -m orphan &&
+	git checkout master 2>stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout warns on orphan commits: output' '
+	check_orphan_warning stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout does not warn leaving ref tip' '
+	reset &&
+	git checkout --detach two &&
+	git checkout master 2>stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout does not warn leaving ref tip' '
+	check_no_orphan_warning stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout does not warn leaving reachable commit' '
+	reset &&
+	git checkout --detach HEAD^ &&
+	git checkout master 2>stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout does not warn leaving reachable commit' '
+	check_no_orphan_warning stderr
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+Your branch is behind 'master' by 1 commit, and can be fast-forwarded.
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'tracking count is accurate after orphan check' '
+	reset &&
+	git branch child master^ &&
+	git config branch.child.remote . &&
+	git config branch.child.merge refs/heads/master &&
+	git checkout child^ &&
+	git checkout child >stdout &&
+	test_cmp expect stdout
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2021-checkout-overwrite.sh b/t/t2021-checkout-overwrite.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..5da63e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2021-checkout-overwrite.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='checkout must not overwrite an untracked objects'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+
+	mkdir -p a/b/c &&
+	>a/b/c/d &&
+	git add -A &&
+	git commit -m base &&
+	git tag start
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create a commit where dir a/b changed to file' '
+
+	git checkout -b file &&
+	rm -rf a/b &&
+	>a/b &&
+	git add -A &&
+	git commit -m "dir to file"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout commit with dir must not remove untracked a/b' '
+
+	git rm --cached a/b &&
+	git commit -m "un-track the file" &&
+	test_must_fail git checkout start &&
+	test -f a/b
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'create a commit where dir a/b changed to symlink' '
+
+	rm -rf a/b &&	# cleanup if previous test failed
+	git checkout -f -b symlink start &&
+	rm -rf a/b &&
+	ln -s foo a/b &&
+	git add -A &&
+	git commit -m "dir to symlink"
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'checkout commit with dir must not remove untracked a/b' '
+
+	git rm --cached a/b &&
+	git commit -m "un-track the symlink" &&
+	test_must_fail git checkout start &&
+	test -h a/b
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2050-git-dir-relative.sh b/t/t2050-git-dir-relative.sh
index b7131d8..21f4659 100755
--- a/t/t2050-git-dir-relative.sh
+++ b/t/t2050-git-dir-relative.sh
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'post-commit hook used ordinarily' '
 echo initial >top &&
-git add top
+git add top &&
 git commit -m initial &&
 test -r "${COMMIT_FILE}"
 '
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
 rm -rf "${COMMIT_FILE}"
 
 test_expect_success 'post-commit-hook from sub dir' '
-echo changed again >top
+echo changed again >top &&
 cd subdir &&
 git --git-dir .git --work-tree .. add ../top &&
 git --git-dir .git --work-tree .. commit -m subcommit &&
diff --git a/t/t2101-update-index-reupdate.sh b/t/t2101-update-index-reupdate.sh
index 76ad7c3..c8bce8c 100755
--- a/t/t2101-update-index-reupdate.sh
+++ b/t/t2101-update-index-reupdate.sh
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
 	echo hello world >dir1/file3 &&
 	echo goodbye people >file2 &&
 	git update-index --add file2 dir1/file3 &&
-	echo hello everybody >file2
+	echo hello everybody >file2 &&
 	echo happy >dir1/file3 &&
 	git update-index --again &&
 	git ls-files -s >current &&
diff --git a/t/t2107-update-index-basic.sh b/t/t2107-update-index-basic.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..809fafe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2107-update-index-basic.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='basic update-index tests
+
+Tests for command-line parsing and basic operation.
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'update-index --nonsense fails' '
+	test_must_fail git update-index --nonsense 2>msg &&
+	cat msg &&
+	test -s msg
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update-index --nonsense dumps usage' '
+	test_expect_code 129 git update-index --nonsense 2>err &&
+	grep "[Uu]sage: git update-index" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update-index -h with corrupt index' '
+	mkdir broken &&
+	(
+		cd broken &&
+		git init &&
+		>.git/index &&
+		test_expect_code 129 git update-index -h >usage 2>&1
+	) &&
+	grep "[Uu]sage: git update-index" broken/usage
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2200-add-update.sh b/t/t2200-add-update.sh
index 2ad2819..4cdebda 100755
--- a/t/t2200-add-update.sh
+++ b/t/t2200-add-update.sh
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 	echo initial >dir1/sub2 &&
 	echo initial >dir2/sub3 &&
 	git add check dir1 dir2 top foo &&
-	test_tick
+	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m initial &&
 
 	echo changed >check &&
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@
 	after=$(git ls-files -s check top) &&
 
 	test "$before" = "$after" &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
 
 '
 
@@ -149,31 +149,21 @@
 	echo 3 >path1 &&
 	echo 2 >path3 &&
 	echo 2 >path5 &&
+
+	# Explicit resolving by adding removed paths should fail
+	test_must_fail git add path4 &&
+	test_must_fail git add path6 &&
+
+	# "add -u" should notice removals no matter what stages
+	# the index entries are in.
 	git add -u &&
 	git ls-files -s path1 path2 path3 path4 path5 path6 >actual &&
 	{
 		echo "100644 $three 0	path1"
-		echo "100644 $one 1	path3"
-		echo "100644 $one 1	path4"
-		echo "100644 $one 3	path5"
-		echo "100644 $one 3	path6"
-	} >expect &&
-	test_cmp expect actual &&
-
-	# Bonus tests.  Explicit resolving
-	git add path3 path5 &&
-	test_must_fail git add path4 &&
-	test_must_fail git add path6 &&
-	git rm path4 &&
-	git rm path6 &&
-
-	git ls-files -s "path?" >actual &&
-	{
-		echo "100644 $three 0	path1"
 		echo "100644 $two 0	path3"
 		echo "100644 $two 0	path5"
-	} >expect
-
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success '"add -u non-existent" should fail' '
diff --git a/t/t2201-add-update-typechange.sh b/t/t2201-add-update-typechange.sh
index 2e8f702..954fc51 100755
--- a/t/t2201-add-update-typechange.sh
+++ b/t/t2201-add-update-typechange.sh
@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-_z40=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
-
 test_expect_success setup '
 	>xyzzy &&
 	_empty=$(git hash-object --stdin <xyzzy) &&
diff --git a/t/t2204-add-ignored.sh b/t/t2204-add-ignored.sh
index 24afdab..8340ac2 100755
--- a/t/t2204-add-ignored.sh
+++ b/t/t2204-add-ignored.sh
@@ -31,18 +31,21 @@
 		rm -f .git/index &&
 		test_must_fail git add "$i" 2>err &&
 		git ls-files "$i" >out &&
-		! test -s out &&
-		grep -e "Use -f if" err &&
-		cat err
+		! test -s out
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "complaints for ignored $i output" '
+		test_i18ngrep -e "Use -f if" err
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success "complaints for ignored $i with unignored file" '
 		rm -f .git/index &&
 		test_must_fail git add "$i" file 2>err &&
 		git ls-files "$i" >out &&
-		! test -s out &&
-		grep -e "Use -f if" err &&
-		cat err
+		! test -s out
+	'
+	test_expect_success "complaints for ignored $i with unignored file output" '
+		test_i18ngrep -e "Use -f if" err
 	'
 done
 
@@ -54,9 +57,14 @@
 			cd dir &&
 			test_must_fail git add "$i" 2>err &&
 			git ls-files "$i" >out &&
-			! test -s out &&
-			grep -e "Use -f if" err &&
-			cat err
+			! test -s out
+		)
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "complaints for ignored $i in dir output" '
+		(
+			cd dir &&
+			test_i18ngrep -e "Use -f if" err
 		)
 	'
 done
@@ -69,9 +77,14 @@
 			cd sub &&
 			test_must_fail git add "$i" 2>err &&
 			git ls-files "$i" >out &&
-			! test -s out &&
-			grep -e "Use -f if" err &&
-			cat err
+			! test -s out
+		)
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "complaints for ignored $i in sub output" '
+		(
+			cd sub &&
+			test_i18ngrep -e "Use -f if" err
 		)
 	'
 done
diff --git a/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh b/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh
index 6d2f2b6..c8fe978 100755
--- a/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh
+++ b/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'trailing slash in exclude forces directory match (1)' '
 
-	>two
+	>two &&
 	git ls-files --others --exclude=two/ >output &&
 	grep "^two" output
 
diff --git a/t/t3004-ls-files-basic.sh b/t/t3004-ls-files-basic.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..490e052
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3004-ls-files-basic.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='basic ls-files tests
+
+This test runs git ls-files with various unusual or malformed
+command-line arguments.
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+>empty
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-files in empty repository' '
+	git ls-files >actual &&
+	test_cmp empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-files with nonexistent path' '
+	git ls-files doesnotexist >actual &&
+	test_cmp empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-files with nonsense option' '
+	test_expect_code 129 git ls-files --nonsense 2>actual &&
+	grep "[Uu]sage: git ls-files" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-files -h in corrupt repository' '
+	mkdir broken &&
+	(
+		cd broken &&
+		git init &&
+		>.git/index &&
+		test_expect_code 129 git ls-files -h >usage 2>&1
+	) &&
+	grep "[Uu]sage: git ls-files " broken/usage
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3030-merge-recursive.sh b/t/t3030-merge-recursive.sh
index e66e550..0c02d56 100755
--- a/t/t3030-merge-recursive.sh
+++ b/t/t3030-merge-recursive.sh
@@ -25,6 +25,10 @@
 	git branch submod &&
 	git branch copy &&
 	git branch rename &&
+	if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+	then
+		git branch rename-ln
+	fi &&
 
 	echo hello >>a &&
 	cp a d/e &&
@@ -255,7 +259,16 @@
 	git mv a e &&
 	git add e &&
 	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m "rename a->e"
+	git commit -m "rename a->e" &&
+	if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+	then
+		git checkout rename-ln &&
+		git mv a e &&
+		ln -s e a &&
+		git add a e &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "rename a->e, symlink a->e"
+	fi
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup 9' '
@@ -306,13 +319,13 @@
 
 	test_must_fail git merge "$c5" &&
 	test_must_fail git merge "$c5" 2> out &&
-	grep "not possible because you have unmerged files" out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "not possible because you have unmerged files" out &&
 	git add -u &&
 	test_must_fail git merge "$c5" 2> out &&
-	grep "You have not concluded your merge" out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "You have not concluded your merge" out &&
 	rm -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
 	test_must_fail git merge "$c5" 2> out &&
-	grep "Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:" out
+	test_i18ngrep "Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:" out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge-recursive remove conflict' '
@@ -544,7 +557,7 @@
 		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
 		echo "100644 $o1 0	d/e"
 	) >expected &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
 
 	git read-tree --prefix=z/ master &&
 	git ls-files -s >actual &&
@@ -615,4 +628,26 @@
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	test_expect_success 'merge-recursive rename vs. rename/symlink' '
+
+		git checkout -f rename &&
+		git merge rename-ln &&
+		( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+		(
+			echo "100644 blob $o0	b"
+			echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
+			echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e"
+			echo "100644 blob $o0	e"
+			echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
+			echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+			echo "100644 $o0 0	d/e"
+			echo "100644 $o0 0	e"
+		) >expected &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+fi
+
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3032-merge-recursive-options.sh b/t/t3032-merge-recursive-options.sh
index 2293797..2b17311 100755
--- a/t/t3032-merge-recursive-options.sh
+++ b/t/t3032-merge-recursive-options.sh
@@ -13,16 +13,19 @@
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+test_have_prereq SED_STRIPS_CR && SED_OPTIONS=-b
+test_have_prereq MINGW && export GREP_OPTIONS=-U
+
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	conflict_hunks () {
-		sed -n -e "
-			/^<<<</ b inconflict
+		sed $SED_OPTIONS -n -e "
+			/^<<<</ b conflict
 			b
-			: inconflict
+			: conflict
 			p
 			/^>>>>/ b
 			n
-			b inconflict
+			b conflict
 		" "$@"
 	} &&
 
@@ -107,6 +110,20 @@
 	git merge-recursive --ignore-space-change HEAD^ -- HEAD remote
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'naive cherry-pick fails' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick --no-commit remote &&
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick remote &&
+	test_must_fail git update-index --refresh &&
+	grep "<<<<<<" text.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success '-Xignore-space-change makes cherry-pick succeed' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	git cherry-pick --no-commit -Xignore-space-change remote
+'
+
 test_expect_success '--ignore-space-change: our w/s-only change wins' '
 	q_to_cr <<-\EOF >expected &&
 	    justice and holiness and is the nurse of his age and theQ
diff --git a/t/t3050-subprojects-fetch.sh b/t/t3050-subprojects-fetch.sh
index 4261e96..2f5f41a 100755
--- a/t/t3050-subprojects-fetch.sh
+++ b/t/t3050-subprojects-fetch.sh
@@ -10,10 +10,10 @@
 		cd sub &&
 		git init &&
 		>subfile &&
-		git add subfile
+		git add subfile &&
 		git commit -m "subproject commit #1"
 	) &&
-	>mainfile
+	>mainfile &&
 	git add sub mainfile &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "superproject commit #1"
diff --git a/t/t3200-branch.sh b/t/t3200-branch.sh
index f54a533..9e69c8c 100755
--- a/t/t3200-branch.sh
+++ b/t/t3200-branch.sh
@@ -26,6 +26,17 @@
      ! test -f .git/refs/heads/--help
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'branch -h in broken repository' '
+	mkdir broken &&
+	(
+		cd broken &&
+		git init &&
+		>.git/refs/heads/master &&
+		test_expect_code 129 git branch -h >usage 2>&1
+	) &&
+	grep "[Uu]sage" broken/usage
+'
+
 test_expect_success \
     'git branch abc should create a branch' \
     'git branch abc && test -f .git/refs/heads/abc'
@@ -35,7 +46,7 @@
     'git branch a/b/c && test -f .git/refs/heads/a/b/c'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
-0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 $HEAD $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150200 +0000	branch: Created from master
+$_z40 $HEAD $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150200 +0000	branch: Created from master
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'git branch -l d/e/f should create a branch and a log' \
@@ -195,7 +206,9 @@
 test_expect_success 'test deleting branch without config' \
     'git branch my7 s &&
      sha1=$(git rev-parse my7 | cut -c 1-7) &&
-     test "$(git branch -d my7 2>&1)" = "Deleted branch my7 (was $sha1)."'
+     echo "Deleted branch my7 (was $sha1)." >expect &&
+     git branch -d my7 >actual 2>&1 &&
+     test_i18ncmp expect actual'
 
 test_expect_success 'test --track without .fetch entries' \
     'git branch --track my8 &&
@@ -212,9 +225,14 @@
     'branch from non-branch HEAD w/--track causes failure' \
     'test_must_fail git branch --track my10 HEAD^'
 
+test_expect_success \
+    'branch from tag w/--track causes failure' \
+    'git tag foobar &&
+     test_must_fail git branch --track my11 foobar'
+
 # Keep this test last, as it changes the current branch
 cat >expect <<EOF
-0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 $HEAD $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150200 +0000	branch: Created from master
+$_z40 $HEAD $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150200 +0000	branch: Created from master
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'git checkout -b g/h/i -l should create a branch and a log' \
@@ -477,6 +495,15 @@
 	test "z$(git config branch.myr20.rebase)" = z
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'autosetuprebase always on detached HEAD' '
+	git config branch.autosetupmerge always &&
+	test_when_finished git checkout master &&
+	git checkout HEAD^0 &&
+	git branch my11 &&
+	test -z "$(git config branch.my11.remote)" &&
+	test -z "$(git config branch.my11.merge)"
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'detect misconfigured autosetuprebase (bad value)' '
 	git config branch.autosetuprebase garbage &&
 	test_must_fail git branch
diff --git a/t/t3203-branch-output.sh b/t/t3203-branch-output.sh
index 809d1c4..6b7c118 100755
--- a/t/t3203-branch-output.sh
+++ b/t/t3203-branch-output.sh
@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'make branches' '
-	git branch branch-one
+	git branch branch-one &&
 	git branch branch-two HEAD^
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'make remote branches' '
-	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/branch-one branch-one
-	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/branch-two branch-two
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/branch-one branch-one &&
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/branch-two branch-two &&
 	git symbolic-ref refs/remotes/origin/HEAD refs/remotes/origin/branch-one
 '
 
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'git branch shows detached HEAD properly' '
 	git checkout HEAD^0 &&
 	git branch >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3300-funny-names.sh b/t/t3300-funny-names.sh
index f39a261..5e29a05 100755
--- a/t/t3300-funny-names.sh
+++ b/t/t3300-funny-names.sh
@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@
 	test_cmp expected current'
 
 test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'setup expect' '
-t0=`git write-tree`
-echo "$t0" >t0
+t0=`git write-tree` &&
+echo "$t0" >t0 &&
 
 cat > expected <<\EOF
 just space
@@ -69,8 +69,8 @@
 	test_cmp expected current'
 
 test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'setup expect' '
-t1=`git write-tree`
-echo "$t1" >t1
+t1=`git write-tree` &&
+echo "$t1" >t1 &&
 
 cat > expected <<\EOF
 just space
diff --git a/t/t3301-notes.sh b/t/t3301-notes.sh
index a2b79a0..1921ca3 100755
--- a/t/t3301-notes.sh
+++ b/t/t3301-notes.sh
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 
 # 1 indicates caught gracefully by die, 128 means git-show barked
 test_expect_success 'handle empty notes gracefully' '
-	git notes show ; test 1 = $?
+	test_expect_code 1 git notes show
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'show non-existent notes entry with %N' '
@@ -627,16 +627,16 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'Allow notes on non-commits (trees, blobs, tags)' '
 	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/other &&
-	echo "Note on a tree" > expect
+	echo "Note on a tree" > expect &&
 	git notes add -m "Note on a tree" HEAD: &&
 	git notes show HEAD: > actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
-	echo "Note on a blob" > expect
+	echo "Note on a blob" > expect &&
 	filename=$(git ls-tree --name-only HEAD | head -n1) &&
 	git notes add -m "Note on a blob" HEAD:$filename &&
 	git notes show HEAD:$filename > actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
-	echo "Note on a tag" > expect
+	echo "Note on a tag" > expect &&
 	git tag -a -m "This is an annotated tag" foobar HEAD^ &&
 	git notes add -m "Note on a tag" foobar &&
 	git notes show foobar > actual &&
@@ -962,6 +962,7 @@
 
 Notes (other):
     a fresh note
+$whitespace
     another fresh note
 EOF
 
@@ -983,8 +984,11 @@
 
 Notes (other):
     a fresh note
+$whitespace
     another fresh note
+$whitespace
     append 1
+$whitespace
     append 2
 EOF
 
@@ -1061,4 +1065,23 @@
 	test_must_fail git notes copy one two three
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git notes get-ref (no overrides)' '
+	git config --unset core.notesRef &&
+	sane_unset GIT_NOTES_REF &&
+	test "$(git notes get-ref)" = "refs/notes/commits"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git notes get-ref (core.notesRef)' '
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/foo &&
+	test "$(git notes get-ref)" = "refs/notes/foo"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git notes get-ref (GIT_NOTES_REF)' '
+	test "$(GIT_NOTES_REF=refs/notes/bar git notes get-ref)" = "refs/notes/bar"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git notes get-ref (--ref)' '
+	test "$(GIT_NOTES_REF=refs/notes/bar git notes --ref=baz get-ref)" = "refs/notes/baz"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3303-notes-subtrees.sh b/t/t3303-notes-subtrees.sh
index 75ec187..704aee8 100755
--- a/t/t3303-notes-subtrees.sh
+++ b/t/t3303-notes-subtrees.sh
@@ -168,15 +168,16 @@
 }
 
 verify_concatenated_notes () {
-    git log | grep "^    " > output &&
-    i=$number_of_commits &&
-    while [ $i -gt 0 ]; do
-        echo "    commit #$i" &&
-        echo "    first note for commit #$i" &&
-        echo "    second note for commit #$i" &&
-        i=$(($i-1));
-    done > expect &&
-    test_cmp expect output
+	git log | grep "^    " > output &&
+	i=$number_of_commits &&
+	while [ $i -gt 0 ]; do
+		echo "    commit #$i" &&
+		echo "    first note for commit #$i" &&
+		echo "    " &&
+		echo "    second note for commit #$i" &&
+		i=$(($i-1));
+	done > expect &&
+	test_cmp expect output
 }
 
 test_expect_success 'test notes in no fanout concatenated with 2/38-fanout' 'test_concatenated_notes "s|^..|&/|" ""'
diff --git a/t/t3306-notes-prune.sh b/t/t3306-notes-prune.sh
index c428217..86bf909 100755
--- a/t/t3306-notes-prune.sh
+++ b/t/t3306-notes-prune.sh
@@ -20,6 +20,9 @@
 	git add file3 &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m 3rd &&
+	COMMIT_FILE=.git/objects/5e/e1c35e83ea47cd3cc4f8cbee0568915fbbbd29 &&
+	test -f $COMMIT_FILE &&
+	test-chmtime =+0 $COMMIT_FILE &&
 	git notes add -m "Note #3"
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t3307-notes-man.sh b/t/t3307-notes-man.sh
index 3269f2e..2ea3be6 100755
--- a/t/t3307-notes-man.sh
+++ b/t/t3307-notes-man.sh
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'example 2: binary notes' '
-	cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test4012.png .
+	cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test4012.png . &&
 	git checkout B &&
 	blob=$(git hash-object -w test4012.png) &&
 	git notes --ref=logo add -C "$blob" &&
diff --git a/t/t3308-notes-merge.sh b/t/t3308-notes-merge.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..24d82b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3308-notes-merge.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,368 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2010 Johan Herland
+#
+
+test_description='Test merging of notes trees'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	test_commit 1st &&
+	test_commit 2nd &&
+	test_commit 3rd &&
+	test_commit 4th &&
+	test_commit 5th &&
+	# Create notes on 4 first commits
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/x &&
+	git notes add -m "Notes on 1st commit" 1st &&
+	git notes add -m "Notes on 2nd commit" 2nd &&
+	git notes add -m "Notes on 3rd commit" 3rd &&
+	git notes add -m "Notes on 4th commit" 4th
+'
+
+commit_sha1=$(git rev-parse 1st^{commit})
+commit_sha2=$(git rev-parse 2nd^{commit})
+commit_sha3=$(git rev-parse 3rd^{commit})
+commit_sha4=$(git rev-parse 4th^{commit})
+commit_sha5=$(git rev-parse 5th^{commit})
+
+verify_notes () {
+	notes_ref="$1"
+	git -c core.notesRef="refs/notes/$notes_ref" notes |
+		sort >"output_notes_$notes_ref" &&
+	test_cmp "expect_notes_$notes_ref" "output_notes_$notes_ref" &&
+	git -c core.notesRef="refs/notes/$notes_ref" log --format="%H %s%n%N" \
+		>"output_log_$notes_ref" &&
+	test_cmp "expect_log_$notes_ref" "output_log_$notes_ref"
+}
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_x
+5e93d24084d32e1cb61f7070505b9d2530cca987 $commit_sha4
+8366731eeee53787d2bdf8fc1eff7d94757e8da0 $commit_sha3
+eede89064cd42441590d6afec6c37b321ada3389 $commit_sha2
+daa55ffad6cb99bf64226532147ffcaf5ce8bdd1 $commit_sha1
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_x <<EOF
+$commit_sha5 5th
+
+$commit_sha4 4th
+Notes on 4th commit
+
+$commit_sha3 3rd
+Notes on 3rd commit
+
+$commit_sha2 2nd
+Notes on 2nd commit
+
+$commit_sha1 1st
+Notes on 1st commit
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'verify initial notes (x)' '
+	verify_notes x
+'
+
+cp expect_notes_x expect_notes_y
+cp expect_log_x expect_log_y
+
+test_expect_success 'fail to merge empty notes ref into empty notes ref (z => y)' '
+	test_must_fail git -c "core.notesRef=refs/notes/y" notes merge z
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fail to merge into various non-notes refs' '
+	test_must_fail git -c "core.notesRef=refs/notes" notes merge x &&
+	test_must_fail git -c "core.notesRef=refs/notes/" notes merge x &&
+	mkdir -p .git/refs/notes/dir &&
+	test_must_fail git -c "core.notesRef=refs/notes/dir" notes merge x &&
+	test_must_fail git -c "core.notesRef=refs/notes/dir/" notes merge x &&
+	test_must_fail git -c "core.notesRef=refs/heads/master" notes merge x &&
+	test_must_fail git -c "core.notesRef=refs/notes/y:" notes merge x &&
+	test_must_fail git -c "core.notesRef=refs/notes/y:foo" notes merge x &&
+	test_must_fail git -c "core.notesRef=refs/notes/foo^{bar" notes merge x
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fail to merge various non-note-trees' '
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/y &&
+	test_must_fail git notes merge refs/notes &&
+	test_must_fail git notes merge refs/notes/ &&
+	test_must_fail git notes merge refs/notes/dir &&
+	test_must_fail git notes merge refs/notes/dir/ &&
+	test_must_fail git notes merge refs/heads/master &&
+	test_must_fail git notes merge x: &&
+	test_must_fail git notes merge x:foo &&
+	test_must_fail git notes merge foo^{bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge notes into empty notes ref (x => y)' '
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/y &&
+	git notes merge x &&
+	verify_notes y &&
+	# x and y should point to the same notes commit
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/x)" = "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/y)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge empty notes ref (z => y)' '
+	git notes merge z &&
+	# y should not change (still == x)
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/x)" = "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/y)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'change notes on other notes ref (y)' '
+	# Not touching notes to 1st commit
+	git notes remove 2nd &&
+	git notes append -m "More notes on 3rd commit" 3rd &&
+	git notes add -f -m "New notes on 4th commit" 4th &&
+	git notes add -m "Notes on 5th commit" 5th
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge previous notes commit (y^ => y) => No-op' '
+	pre_state="$(git rev-parse refs/notes/y)" &&
+	git notes merge y^ &&
+	# y should not move
+	test "$pre_state" = "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/y)"
+'
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_y
+0f2efbd00262f2fd41dfae33df8765618eeacd99 $commit_sha5
+dec2502dac3ea161543f71930044deff93fa945c $commit_sha4
+4069cdb399fd45463ec6eef8e051a16a03592d91 $commit_sha3
+daa55ffad6cb99bf64226532147ffcaf5ce8bdd1 $commit_sha1
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_y <<EOF
+$commit_sha5 5th
+Notes on 5th commit
+
+$commit_sha4 4th
+New notes on 4th commit
+
+$commit_sha3 3rd
+Notes on 3rd commit
+
+More notes on 3rd commit
+
+$commit_sha2 2nd
+
+$commit_sha1 1st
+Notes on 1st commit
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'verify changed notes on other notes ref (y)' '
+	verify_notes y
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify unchanged notes on original notes ref (x)' '
+	verify_notes x
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge original notes (x) into changed notes (y) => No-op' '
+	git notes merge -vvv x &&
+	verify_notes y &&
+	verify_notes x
+'
+
+cp expect_notes_y expect_notes_x
+cp expect_log_y expect_log_x
+
+test_expect_success 'merge changed (y) into original (x) => Fast-forward' '
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/x &&
+	git notes merge y &&
+	verify_notes x &&
+	verify_notes y &&
+	# x and y should point to same the notes commit
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/x)" = "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/y)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge empty notes ref (z => y)' '
+	# Prepare empty (but valid) notes ref (z)
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/z &&
+	git notes add -m "foo" &&
+	git notes remove &&
+	git notes >output_notes_z &&
+	test_cmp /dev/null output_notes_z &&
+	# Do the merge (z => y)
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/y &&
+	git notes merge z &&
+	verify_notes y &&
+	# y should no longer point to the same notes commit as x
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/x)" != "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/y)"
+'
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_y
+0f2efbd00262f2fd41dfae33df8765618eeacd99 $commit_sha5
+dec2502dac3ea161543f71930044deff93fa945c $commit_sha4
+4069cdb399fd45463ec6eef8e051a16a03592d91 $commit_sha3
+d000d30e6ddcfce3a8122c403226a2ce2fd04d9d $commit_sha2
+43add6bd0c8c0bc871ac7991e0f5573cfba27804 $commit_sha1
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_y <<EOF
+$commit_sha5 5th
+Notes on 5th commit
+
+$commit_sha4 4th
+New notes on 4th commit
+
+$commit_sha3 3rd
+Notes on 3rd commit
+
+More notes on 3rd commit
+
+$commit_sha2 2nd
+New notes on 2nd commit
+
+$commit_sha1 1st
+Notes on 1st commit
+
+More notes on 1st commit
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'change notes on other notes ref (y)' '
+	# Append to 1st commit notes
+	git notes append -m "More notes on 1st commit" 1st &&
+	# Add new notes to 2nd commit
+	git notes add -m "New notes on 2nd commit" 2nd &&
+	verify_notes y
+'
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_x
+0f2efbd00262f2fd41dfae33df8765618eeacd99 $commit_sha5
+1f257a3a90328557c452f0817d6cc50c89d315d4 $commit_sha4
+daa55ffad6cb99bf64226532147ffcaf5ce8bdd1 $commit_sha1
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_x <<EOF
+$commit_sha5 5th
+Notes on 5th commit
+
+$commit_sha4 4th
+New notes on 4th commit
+
+More notes on 4th commit
+
+$commit_sha3 3rd
+
+$commit_sha2 2nd
+
+$commit_sha1 1st
+Notes on 1st commit
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'change notes on notes ref (x)' '
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/x &&
+	git notes remove 3rd &&
+	git notes append -m "More notes on 4th commit" 4th &&
+	verify_notes x
+'
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_x
+0f2efbd00262f2fd41dfae33df8765618eeacd99 $commit_sha5
+1f257a3a90328557c452f0817d6cc50c89d315d4 $commit_sha4
+d000d30e6ddcfce3a8122c403226a2ce2fd04d9d $commit_sha2
+43add6bd0c8c0bc871ac7991e0f5573cfba27804 $commit_sha1
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_x <<EOF
+$commit_sha5 5th
+Notes on 5th commit
+
+$commit_sha4 4th
+New notes on 4th commit
+
+More notes on 4th commit
+
+$commit_sha3 3rd
+
+$commit_sha2 2nd
+New notes on 2nd commit
+
+$commit_sha1 1st
+Notes on 1st commit
+
+More notes on 1st commit
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'merge y into x => Non-conflicting 3-way merge' '
+	git notes merge y &&
+	verify_notes x &&
+	verify_notes y
+'
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_w
+05a4927951bcef347f51486575b878b2b60137f2 $commit_sha3
+d000d30e6ddcfce3a8122c403226a2ce2fd04d9d $commit_sha2
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_w <<EOF
+$commit_sha5 5th
+
+$commit_sha4 4th
+
+$commit_sha3 3rd
+New notes on 3rd commit
+
+$commit_sha2 2nd
+New notes on 2nd commit
+
+$commit_sha1 1st
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'create notes on new, separate notes ref (w)' '
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/w &&
+	# Add same note as refs/notes/y on 2nd commit
+	git notes add -m "New notes on 2nd commit" 2nd &&
+	# Add new note on 3rd commit (non-conflicting)
+	git notes add -m "New notes on 3rd commit" 3rd &&
+	# Verify state of notes on new, separate notes ref (w)
+	verify_notes w
+'
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_x
+0f2efbd00262f2fd41dfae33df8765618eeacd99 $commit_sha5
+1f257a3a90328557c452f0817d6cc50c89d315d4 $commit_sha4
+05a4927951bcef347f51486575b878b2b60137f2 $commit_sha3
+d000d30e6ddcfce3a8122c403226a2ce2fd04d9d $commit_sha2
+43add6bd0c8c0bc871ac7991e0f5573cfba27804 $commit_sha1
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_x <<EOF
+$commit_sha5 5th
+Notes on 5th commit
+
+$commit_sha4 4th
+New notes on 4th commit
+
+More notes on 4th commit
+
+$commit_sha3 3rd
+New notes on 3rd commit
+
+$commit_sha2 2nd
+New notes on 2nd commit
+
+$commit_sha1 1st
+Notes on 1st commit
+
+More notes on 1st commit
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'merge w into x => Non-conflicting history-less merge' '
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/x &&
+	git notes merge w &&
+	# Verify new state of notes on other notes ref (x)
+	verify_notes x &&
+	# Also verify that nothing changed on other notes refs (y and w)
+	verify_notes y &&
+	verify_notes w
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3309-notes-merge-auto-resolve.sh b/t/t3309-notes-merge-auto-resolve.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..461fd84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3309-notes-merge-auto-resolve.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,647 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2010 Johan Herland
+#
+
+test_description='Test notes merging with auto-resolving strategies'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Set up a notes merge scenario with all kinds of potential conflicts
+test_expect_success 'setup commits' '
+	test_commit 1st &&
+	test_commit 2nd &&
+	test_commit 3rd &&
+	test_commit 4th &&
+	test_commit 5th &&
+	test_commit 6th &&
+	test_commit 7th &&
+	test_commit 8th &&
+	test_commit 9th &&
+	test_commit 10th &&
+	test_commit 11th &&
+	test_commit 12th &&
+	test_commit 13th &&
+	test_commit 14th &&
+	test_commit 15th
+'
+
+commit_sha1=$(git rev-parse 1st^{commit})
+commit_sha2=$(git rev-parse 2nd^{commit})
+commit_sha3=$(git rev-parse 3rd^{commit})
+commit_sha4=$(git rev-parse 4th^{commit})
+commit_sha5=$(git rev-parse 5th^{commit})
+commit_sha6=$(git rev-parse 6th^{commit})
+commit_sha7=$(git rev-parse 7th^{commit})
+commit_sha8=$(git rev-parse 8th^{commit})
+commit_sha9=$(git rev-parse 9th^{commit})
+commit_sha10=$(git rev-parse 10th^{commit})
+commit_sha11=$(git rev-parse 11th^{commit})
+commit_sha12=$(git rev-parse 12th^{commit})
+commit_sha13=$(git rev-parse 13th^{commit})
+commit_sha14=$(git rev-parse 14th^{commit})
+commit_sha15=$(git rev-parse 15th^{commit})
+
+verify_notes () {
+	notes_ref="$1"
+	suffix="$2"
+	git -c core.notesRef="refs/notes/$notes_ref" notes |
+		sort >"output_notes_$suffix" &&
+	test_cmp "expect_notes_$suffix" "output_notes_$suffix" &&
+	git -c core.notesRef="refs/notes/$notes_ref" log --format="%H %s%n%N" \
+		>"output_log_$suffix" &&
+	test_cmp "expect_log_$suffix" "output_log_$suffix"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup merge base (x)' '
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/x &&
+	git notes add -m "x notes on 6th commit" 6th &&
+	git notes add -m "x notes on 7th commit" 7th &&
+	git notes add -m "x notes on 8th commit" 8th &&
+	git notes add -m "x notes on 9th commit" 9th &&
+	git notes add -m "x notes on 10th commit" 10th &&
+	git notes add -m "x notes on 11th commit" 11th &&
+	git notes add -m "x notes on 12th commit" 12th &&
+	git notes add -m "x notes on 13th commit" 13th &&
+	git notes add -m "x notes on 14th commit" 14th &&
+	git notes add -m "x notes on 15th commit" 15th
+'
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_x
+457a85d6c814ea208550f15fcc48f804ac8dc023 $commit_sha15
+b0c95b954301d69da2bc3723f4cb1680d355937c $commit_sha14
+5d30216a129eeffa97d9694ffe8c74317a560315 $commit_sha13
+dd161bc149470fd890dd4ab52a4cbd79bbd18c36 $commit_sha12
+7abbc45126d680336fb24294f013a7cdfa3ed545 $commit_sha11
+b8d03e173f67f6505a76f6e00cf93440200dd9be $commit_sha10
+20c613c835011c48a5abe29170a2402ca6354910 $commit_sha9
+a3daf8a1e4e5dc3409a303ad8481d57bfea7f5d6 $commit_sha8
+897003322b53bc6ca098e9324ee508362347e734 $commit_sha7
+11d97fdebfa5ceee540a3da07bce6fa0222bc082 $commit_sha6
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_x <<EOF
+$commit_sha15 15th
+x notes on 15th commit
+
+$commit_sha14 14th
+x notes on 14th commit
+
+$commit_sha13 13th
+x notes on 13th commit
+
+$commit_sha12 12th
+x notes on 12th commit
+
+$commit_sha11 11th
+x notes on 11th commit
+
+$commit_sha10 10th
+x notes on 10th commit
+
+$commit_sha9 9th
+x notes on 9th commit
+
+$commit_sha8 8th
+x notes on 8th commit
+
+$commit_sha7 7th
+x notes on 7th commit
+
+$commit_sha6 6th
+x notes on 6th commit
+
+$commit_sha5 5th
+
+$commit_sha4 4th
+
+$commit_sha3 3rd
+
+$commit_sha2 2nd
+
+$commit_sha1 1st
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'verify state of merge base (x)' 'verify_notes x x'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup local branch (y)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/y refs/notes/x &&
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/y &&
+	git notes add -f -m "y notes on 3rd commit" 3rd &&
+	git notes add -f -m "y notes on 4th commit" 4th &&
+	git notes add -f -m "y notes on 5th commit" 5th &&
+	git notes remove 6th &&
+	git notes remove 7th &&
+	git notes remove 8th &&
+	git notes add -f -m "y notes on 12th commit" 12th &&
+	git notes add -f -m "y notes on 13th commit" 13th &&
+	git notes add -f -m "y notes on 14th commit" 14th &&
+	git notes add -f -m "y notes on 15th commit" 15th
+'
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_y
+68b8630d25516028bed862719855b3d6768d7833 $commit_sha15
+5de7ea7ad4f47e7ff91989fb82234634730f75df $commit_sha14
+3a631fdb6f41b05b55d8f4baf20728ba8f6fccbc $commit_sha13
+a66055fa82f7a03fe0c02a6aba3287a85abf7c62 $commit_sha12
+7abbc45126d680336fb24294f013a7cdfa3ed545 $commit_sha11
+b8d03e173f67f6505a76f6e00cf93440200dd9be $commit_sha10
+20c613c835011c48a5abe29170a2402ca6354910 $commit_sha9
+154508c7a0bcad82b6fe4b472bc4c26b3bf0825b $commit_sha5
+e2bfd06a37dd2031684a59a6e2b033e212239c78 $commit_sha4
+5772f42408c0dd6f097a7ca2d24de0e78d1c46b1 $commit_sha3
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_y <<EOF
+$commit_sha15 15th
+y notes on 15th commit
+
+$commit_sha14 14th
+y notes on 14th commit
+
+$commit_sha13 13th
+y notes on 13th commit
+
+$commit_sha12 12th
+y notes on 12th commit
+
+$commit_sha11 11th
+x notes on 11th commit
+
+$commit_sha10 10th
+x notes on 10th commit
+
+$commit_sha9 9th
+x notes on 9th commit
+
+$commit_sha8 8th
+
+$commit_sha7 7th
+
+$commit_sha6 6th
+
+$commit_sha5 5th
+y notes on 5th commit
+
+$commit_sha4 4th
+y notes on 4th commit
+
+$commit_sha3 3rd
+y notes on 3rd commit
+
+$commit_sha2 2nd
+
+$commit_sha1 1st
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'verify state of local branch (y)' 'verify_notes y y'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup remote branch (z)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/z refs/notes/x &&
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/z &&
+	git notes add -f -m "z notes on 2nd commit" 2nd &&
+	git notes add -f -m "y notes on 4th commit" 4th &&
+	git notes add -f -m "z notes on 5th commit" 5th &&
+	git notes remove 6th &&
+	git notes add -f -m "z notes on 8th commit" 8th &&
+	git notes remove 9th &&
+	git notes add -f -m "z notes on 11th commit" 11th &&
+	git notes remove 12th &&
+	git notes add -f -m "y notes on 14th commit" 14th &&
+	git notes add -f -m "z notes on 15th commit" 15th
+'
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_z
+9b4b2c61f0615412da3c10f98ff85b57c04ec765 $commit_sha15
+5de7ea7ad4f47e7ff91989fb82234634730f75df $commit_sha14
+5d30216a129eeffa97d9694ffe8c74317a560315 $commit_sha13
+7e3c53503a3db8dd996cb62e37c66e070b44b54d $commit_sha11
+b8d03e173f67f6505a76f6e00cf93440200dd9be $commit_sha10
+851e1638784a884c7dd26c5d41f3340f6387413a $commit_sha8
+897003322b53bc6ca098e9324ee508362347e734 $commit_sha7
+99fc34adfc400b95c67b013115e37e31aa9a6d23 $commit_sha5
+e2bfd06a37dd2031684a59a6e2b033e212239c78 $commit_sha4
+283b48219aee9a4105f6cab337e789065c82c2b9 $commit_sha2
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_z <<EOF
+$commit_sha15 15th
+z notes on 15th commit
+
+$commit_sha14 14th
+y notes on 14th commit
+
+$commit_sha13 13th
+x notes on 13th commit
+
+$commit_sha12 12th
+
+$commit_sha11 11th
+z notes on 11th commit
+
+$commit_sha10 10th
+x notes on 10th commit
+
+$commit_sha9 9th
+
+$commit_sha8 8th
+z notes on 8th commit
+
+$commit_sha7 7th
+x notes on 7th commit
+
+$commit_sha6 6th
+
+$commit_sha5 5th
+z notes on 5th commit
+
+$commit_sha4 4th
+y notes on 4th commit
+
+$commit_sha3 3rd
+
+$commit_sha2 2nd
+z notes on 2nd commit
+
+$commit_sha1 1st
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'verify state of remote branch (z)' 'verify_notes z z'
+
+# At this point, before merging z into y, we have the following status:
+#
+# commit | base/x  | local/y | remote/z | diff from x to y/z         | result
+# -------|---------|---------|----------|----------------------------|-------
+# 1st    | [none]  | [none]  | [none]   | unchanged / unchanged      | [none]
+# 2nd    | [none]  | [none]  | 283b482  | unchanged / added          | 283b482
+# 3rd    | [none]  | 5772f42 | [none]   | added     / unchanged      | 5772f42
+# 4th    | [none]  | e2bfd06 | e2bfd06  | added     / added (same)   | e2bfd06
+# 5th    | [none]  | 154508c | 99fc34a  | added     / added (diff)   | ???
+# 6th    | 11d97fd | [none]  | [none]   | removed   / removed        | [none]
+# 7th    | 8970033 | [none]  | 8970033  | removed   / unchanged      | [none]
+# 8th    | a3daf8a | [none]  | 851e163  | removed   / changed        | ???
+# 9th    | 20c613c | 20c613c | [none]   | unchanged / removed        | [none]
+# 10th   | b8d03e1 | b8d03e1 | b8d03e1  | unchanged / unchanged      | b8d03e1
+# 11th   | 7abbc45 | 7abbc45 | 7e3c535  | unchanged / changed        | 7e3c535
+# 12th   | dd161bc | a66055f | [none]   | changed   / removed        | ???
+# 13th   | 5d30216 | 3a631fd | 5d30216  | changed   / unchanged      | 3a631fd
+# 14th   | b0c95b9 | 5de7ea7 | 5de7ea7  | changed   / changed (same) | 5de7ea7
+# 15th   | 457a85d | 68b8630 | 9b4b2c6  | changed   / changed (diff) | ???
+
+test_expect_success 'merge z into y with invalid strategy => Fail/No changes' '
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/y &&
+	test_must_fail git notes merge --strategy=foo z &&
+	# Verify no changes (y)
+	verify_notes y y
+'
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_ours
+68b8630d25516028bed862719855b3d6768d7833 $commit_sha15
+5de7ea7ad4f47e7ff91989fb82234634730f75df $commit_sha14
+3a631fdb6f41b05b55d8f4baf20728ba8f6fccbc $commit_sha13
+a66055fa82f7a03fe0c02a6aba3287a85abf7c62 $commit_sha12
+7e3c53503a3db8dd996cb62e37c66e070b44b54d $commit_sha11
+b8d03e173f67f6505a76f6e00cf93440200dd9be $commit_sha10
+154508c7a0bcad82b6fe4b472bc4c26b3bf0825b $commit_sha5
+e2bfd06a37dd2031684a59a6e2b033e212239c78 $commit_sha4
+5772f42408c0dd6f097a7ca2d24de0e78d1c46b1 $commit_sha3
+283b48219aee9a4105f6cab337e789065c82c2b9 $commit_sha2
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_ours <<EOF
+$commit_sha15 15th
+y notes on 15th commit
+
+$commit_sha14 14th
+y notes on 14th commit
+
+$commit_sha13 13th
+y notes on 13th commit
+
+$commit_sha12 12th
+y notes on 12th commit
+
+$commit_sha11 11th
+z notes on 11th commit
+
+$commit_sha10 10th
+x notes on 10th commit
+
+$commit_sha9 9th
+
+$commit_sha8 8th
+
+$commit_sha7 7th
+
+$commit_sha6 6th
+
+$commit_sha5 5th
+y notes on 5th commit
+
+$commit_sha4 4th
+y notes on 4th commit
+
+$commit_sha3 3rd
+y notes on 3rd commit
+
+$commit_sha2 2nd
+z notes on 2nd commit
+
+$commit_sha1 1st
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'merge z into y with "ours" strategy => Non-conflicting 3-way merge' '
+	git notes merge --strategy=ours z &&
+	verify_notes y ours
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset to pre-merge state (y)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/y refs/notes/y^1 &&
+	# Verify pre-merge state
+	verify_notes y y
+'
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_theirs
+9b4b2c61f0615412da3c10f98ff85b57c04ec765 $commit_sha15
+5de7ea7ad4f47e7ff91989fb82234634730f75df $commit_sha14
+3a631fdb6f41b05b55d8f4baf20728ba8f6fccbc $commit_sha13
+7e3c53503a3db8dd996cb62e37c66e070b44b54d $commit_sha11
+b8d03e173f67f6505a76f6e00cf93440200dd9be $commit_sha10
+851e1638784a884c7dd26c5d41f3340f6387413a $commit_sha8
+99fc34adfc400b95c67b013115e37e31aa9a6d23 $commit_sha5
+e2bfd06a37dd2031684a59a6e2b033e212239c78 $commit_sha4
+5772f42408c0dd6f097a7ca2d24de0e78d1c46b1 $commit_sha3
+283b48219aee9a4105f6cab337e789065c82c2b9 $commit_sha2
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_theirs <<EOF
+$commit_sha15 15th
+z notes on 15th commit
+
+$commit_sha14 14th
+y notes on 14th commit
+
+$commit_sha13 13th
+y notes on 13th commit
+
+$commit_sha12 12th
+
+$commit_sha11 11th
+z notes on 11th commit
+
+$commit_sha10 10th
+x notes on 10th commit
+
+$commit_sha9 9th
+
+$commit_sha8 8th
+z notes on 8th commit
+
+$commit_sha7 7th
+
+$commit_sha6 6th
+
+$commit_sha5 5th
+z notes on 5th commit
+
+$commit_sha4 4th
+y notes on 4th commit
+
+$commit_sha3 3rd
+y notes on 3rd commit
+
+$commit_sha2 2nd
+z notes on 2nd commit
+
+$commit_sha1 1st
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'merge z into y with "theirs" strategy => Non-conflicting 3-way merge' '
+	git notes merge --strategy=theirs z &&
+	verify_notes y theirs
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset to pre-merge state (y)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/y refs/notes/y^1 &&
+	# Verify pre-merge state
+	verify_notes y y
+'
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_union
+7c4e546efd0fe939f876beb262ece02797880b54 $commit_sha15
+5de7ea7ad4f47e7ff91989fb82234634730f75df $commit_sha14
+3a631fdb6f41b05b55d8f4baf20728ba8f6fccbc $commit_sha13
+a66055fa82f7a03fe0c02a6aba3287a85abf7c62 $commit_sha12
+7e3c53503a3db8dd996cb62e37c66e070b44b54d $commit_sha11
+b8d03e173f67f6505a76f6e00cf93440200dd9be $commit_sha10
+851e1638784a884c7dd26c5d41f3340f6387413a $commit_sha8
+6c841cc36ea496027290967ca96bd2bef54dbb47 $commit_sha5
+e2bfd06a37dd2031684a59a6e2b033e212239c78 $commit_sha4
+5772f42408c0dd6f097a7ca2d24de0e78d1c46b1 $commit_sha3
+283b48219aee9a4105f6cab337e789065c82c2b9 $commit_sha2
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_union <<EOF
+$commit_sha15 15th
+y notes on 15th commit
+
+z notes on 15th commit
+
+$commit_sha14 14th
+y notes on 14th commit
+
+$commit_sha13 13th
+y notes on 13th commit
+
+$commit_sha12 12th
+y notes on 12th commit
+
+$commit_sha11 11th
+z notes on 11th commit
+
+$commit_sha10 10th
+x notes on 10th commit
+
+$commit_sha9 9th
+
+$commit_sha8 8th
+z notes on 8th commit
+
+$commit_sha7 7th
+
+$commit_sha6 6th
+
+$commit_sha5 5th
+y notes on 5th commit
+
+z notes on 5th commit
+
+$commit_sha4 4th
+y notes on 4th commit
+
+$commit_sha3 3rd
+y notes on 3rd commit
+
+$commit_sha2 2nd
+z notes on 2nd commit
+
+$commit_sha1 1st
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'merge z into y with "union" strategy => Non-conflicting 3-way merge' '
+	git notes merge --strategy=union z &&
+	verify_notes y union
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset to pre-merge state (y)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/y refs/notes/y^1 &&
+	# Verify pre-merge state
+	verify_notes y y
+'
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_union2
+d682107b8bf7a7aea1e537a8d5cb6a12b60135f1 $commit_sha15
+5de7ea7ad4f47e7ff91989fb82234634730f75df $commit_sha14
+3a631fdb6f41b05b55d8f4baf20728ba8f6fccbc $commit_sha13
+a66055fa82f7a03fe0c02a6aba3287a85abf7c62 $commit_sha12
+7e3c53503a3db8dd996cb62e37c66e070b44b54d $commit_sha11
+b8d03e173f67f6505a76f6e00cf93440200dd9be $commit_sha10
+851e1638784a884c7dd26c5d41f3340f6387413a $commit_sha8
+357b6ca14c7afd59b7f8b8aaaa6b8b723771135b $commit_sha5
+e2bfd06a37dd2031684a59a6e2b033e212239c78 $commit_sha4
+5772f42408c0dd6f097a7ca2d24de0e78d1c46b1 $commit_sha3
+283b48219aee9a4105f6cab337e789065c82c2b9 $commit_sha2
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_union2 <<EOF
+$commit_sha15 15th
+z notes on 15th commit
+
+y notes on 15th commit
+
+$commit_sha14 14th
+y notes on 14th commit
+
+$commit_sha13 13th
+y notes on 13th commit
+
+$commit_sha12 12th
+y notes on 12th commit
+
+$commit_sha11 11th
+z notes on 11th commit
+
+$commit_sha10 10th
+x notes on 10th commit
+
+$commit_sha9 9th
+
+$commit_sha8 8th
+z notes on 8th commit
+
+$commit_sha7 7th
+
+$commit_sha6 6th
+
+$commit_sha5 5th
+z notes on 5th commit
+
+y notes on 5th commit
+
+$commit_sha4 4th
+y notes on 4th commit
+
+$commit_sha3 3rd
+y notes on 3rd commit
+
+$commit_sha2 2nd
+z notes on 2nd commit
+
+$commit_sha1 1st
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'merge y into z with "union" strategy => Non-conflicting 3-way merge' '
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/z &&
+	git notes merge --strategy=union y &&
+	verify_notes z union2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset to pre-merge state (z)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/z refs/notes/z^1 &&
+	# Verify pre-merge state
+	verify_notes z z
+'
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_cat_sort_uniq
+6be90240b5f54594203e25d9f2f64b7567175aee $commit_sha15
+5de7ea7ad4f47e7ff91989fb82234634730f75df $commit_sha14
+3a631fdb6f41b05b55d8f4baf20728ba8f6fccbc $commit_sha13
+a66055fa82f7a03fe0c02a6aba3287a85abf7c62 $commit_sha12
+7e3c53503a3db8dd996cb62e37c66e070b44b54d $commit_sha11
+b8d03e173f67f6505a76f6e00cf93440200dd9be $commit_sha10
+851e1638784a884c7dd26c5d41f3340f6387413a $commit_sha8
+660311d7f78dc53db12ac373a43fca7465381a7e $commit_sha5
+e2bfd06a37dd2031684a59a6e2b033e212239c78 $commit_sha4
+5772f42408c0dd6f097a7ca2d24de0e78d1c46b1 $commit_sha3
+283b48219aee9a4105f6cab337e789065c82c2b9 $commit_sha2
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_cat_sort_uniq <<EOF
+$commit_sha15 15th
+y notes on 15th commit
+z notes on 15th commit
+
+$commit_sha14 14th
+y notes on 14th commit
+
+$commit_sha13 13th
+y notes on 13th commit
+
+$commit_sha12 12th
+y notes on 12th commit
+
+$commit_sha11 11th
+z notes on 11th commit
+
+$commit_sha10 10th
+x notes on 10th commit
+
+$commit_sha9 9th
+
+$commit_sha8 8th
+z notes on 8th commit
+
+$commit_sha7 7th
+
+$commit_sha6 6th
+
+$commit_sha5 5th
+y notes on 5th commit
+z notes on 5th commit
+
+$commit_sha4 4th
+y notes on 4th commit
+
+$commit_sha3 3rd
+y notes on 3rd commit
+
+$commit_sha2 2nd
+z notes on 2nd commit
+
+$commit_sha1 1st
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'merge y into z with "cat_sort_uniq" strategy => Non-conflicting 3-way merge' '
+	git notes merge --strategy=cat_sort_uniq y &&
+	verify_notes z cat_sort_uniq
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3310-notes-merge-manual-resolve.sh b/t/t3310-notes-merge-manual-resolve.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..4ec4d11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3310-notes-merge-manual-resolve.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,556 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2010 Johan Herland
+#
+
+test_description='Test notes merging with manual conflict resolution'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Set up a notes merge scenario with different kinds of conflicts
+test_expect_success 'setup commits' '
+	test_commit 1st &&
+	test_commit 2nd &&
+	test_commit 3rd &&
+	test_commit 4th &&
+	test_commit 5th
+'
+
+commit_sha1=$(git rev-parse 1st^{commit})
+commit_sha2=$(git rev-parse 2nd^{commit})
+commit_sha3=$(git rev-parse 3rd^{commit})
+commit_sha4=$(git rev-parse 4th^{commit})
+commit_sha5=$(git rev-parse 5th^{commit})
+
+verify_notes () {
+	notes_ref="$1"
+	git -c core.notesRef="refs/notes/$notes_ref" notes |
+		sort >"output_notes_$notes_ref" &&
+	test_cmp "expect_notes_$notes_ref" "output_notes_$notes_ref" &&
+	git -c core.notesRef="refs/notes/$notes_ref" log --format="%H %s%n%N" \
+		>"output_log_$notes_ref" &&
+	test_cmp "expect_log_$notes_ref" "output_log_$notes_ref"
+}
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_x
+6e8e3febca3c2bb896704335cc4d0c34cb2f8715 $commit_sha4
+e5388c10860456ee60673025345fe2e153eb8cf8 $commit_sha3
+ceefa674873670e7ecd131814d909723cce2b669 $commit_sha2
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_x <<EOF
+$commit_sha5 5th
+
+$commit_sha4 4th
+x notes on 4th commit
+
+$commit_sha3 3rd
+x notes on 3rd commit
+
+$commit_sha2 2nd
+x notes on 2nd commit
+
+$commit_sha1 1st
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'setup merge base (x)' '
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/x &&
+	git notes add -m "x notes on 2nd commit" 2nd &&
+	git notes add -m "x notes on 3rd commit" 3rd &&
+	git notes add -m "x notes on 4th commit" 4th &&
+	verify_notes x
+'
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_y
+e2bfd06a37dd2031684a59a6e2b033e212239c78 $commit_sha4
+5772f42408c0dd6f097a7ca2d24de0e78d1c46b1 $commit_sha3
+b0a6021ec006d07e80e9b20ec9b444cbd9d560d3 $commit_sha1
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_y <<EOF
+$commit_sha5 5th
+
+$commit_sha4 4th
+y notes on 4th commit
+
+$commit_sha3 3rd
+y notes on 3rd commit
+
+$commit_sha2 2nd
+
+$commit_sha1 1st
+y notes on 1st commit
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'setup local branch (y)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/y refs/notes/x &&
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/y &&
+	git notes add -f -m "y notes on 1st commit" 1st &&
+	git notes remove 2nd &&
+	git notes add -f -m "y notes on 3rd commit" 3rd &&
+	git notes add -f -m "y notes on 4th commit" 4th &&
+	verify_notes y
+'
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_z
+cff59c793c20bb49a4e01bc06fb06bad642e0d54 $commit_sha4
+283b48219aee9a4105f6cab337e789065c82c2b9 $commit_sha2
+0a81da8956346e19bcb27a906f04af327e03e31b $commit_sha1
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_z <<EOF
+$commit_sha5 5th
+
+$commit_sha4 4th
+z notes on 4th commit
+
+$commit_sha3 3rd
+
+$commit_sha2 2nd
+z notes on 2nd commit
+
+$commit_sha1 1st
+z notes on 1st commit
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'setup remote branch (z)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/z refs/notes/x &&
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/z &&
+	git notes add -f -m "z notes on 1st commit" 1st &&
+	git notes add -f -m "z notes on 2nd commit" 2nd &&
+	git notes remove 3rd &&
+	git notes add -f -m "z notes on 4th commit" 4th &&
+	verify_notes z
+'
+
+# At this point, before merging z into y, we have the following status:
+#
+# commit | base/x  | local/y | remote/z | diff from x to y/z
+# -------|---------|---------|----------|---------------------------
+# 1st    | [none]  | b0a6021 | 0a81da8  | added     / added (diff)
+# 2nd    | ceefa67 | [none]  | 283b482  | removed   / changed
+# 3rd    | e5388c1 | 5772f42 | [none]   | changed   / removed
+# 4th    | 6e8e3fe | e2bfd06 | cff59c7  | changed   / changed (diff)
+# 5th    | [none]  | [none]  | [none]   | [none]
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_conflicts
+$commit_sha1
+$commit_sha2
+$commit_sha3
+$commit_sha4
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_conflict_$commit_sha1 <<EOF
+<<<<<<< refs/notes/m
+y notes on 1st commit
+=======
+z notes on 1st commit
+>>>>>>> refs/notes/z
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_conflict_$commit_sha2 <<EOF
+z notes on 2nd commit
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_conflict_$commit_sha3 <<EOF
+y notes on 3rd commit
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_conflict_$commit_sha4 <<EOF
+<<<<<<< refs/notes/m
+y notes on 4th commit
+=======
+z notes on 4th commit
+>>>>>>> refs/notes/z
+EOF
+
+cp expect_notes_y expect_notes_m
+cp expect_log_y expect_log_m
+
+git rev-parse refs/notes/y > pre_merge_y
+git rev-parse refs/notes/z > pre_merge_z
+
+test_expect_success 'merge z into m (== y) with default ("manual") resolver => Conflicting 3-way merge' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/m refs/notes/y &&
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/m &&
+	test_must_fail git notes merge z >output &&
+	# Output should point to where to resolve conflicts
+	grep -q "\\.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE" output &&
+	# Inspect merge conflicts
+	ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE >output_conflicts &&
+	test_cmp expect_conflicts output_conflicts &&
+	( for f in $(cat expect_conflicts); do
+		test_cmp "expect_conflict_$f" ".git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/$f" ||
+		exit 1
+	done ) &&
+	# Verify that current notes tree (pre-merge) has not changed (m == y)
+	verify_notes y &&
+	verify_notes m &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" = "$(cat pre_merge_y)"
+'
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_z
+00494adecf2d9635a02fa431308d67993f853968 $commit_sha4
+283b48219aee9a4105f6cab337e789065c82c2b9 $commit_sha2
+0a81da8956346e19bcb27a906f04af327e03e31b $commit_sha1
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_z <<EOF
+$commit_sha5 5th
+
+$commit_sha4 4th
+z notes on 4th commit
+
+More z notes on 4th commit
+
+$commit_sha3 3rd
+
+$commit_sha2 2nd
+z notes on 2nd commit
+
+$commit_sha1 1st
+z notes on 1st commit
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'change notes in z' '
+	git notes --ref z append -m "More z notes on 4th commit" 4th &&
+	verify_notes z
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cannot do merge w/conflicts when previous merge is unfinished' '
+	test -d .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE &&
+	test_must_fail git notes merge z >output 2>&1 &&
+	# Output should indicate what is wrong
+	grep -q "\\.git/NOTES_MERGE_\\* exists" output
+'
+
+# Setup non-conflicting merge between x and new notes ref w
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_w
+ceefa674873670e7ecd131814d909723cce2b669 $commit_sha2
+f75d1df88cbfe4258d49852f26cfc83f2ad4494b $commit_sha1
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_w <<EOF
+$commit_sha5 5th
+
+$commit_sha4 4th
+
+$commit_sha3 3rd
+
+$commit_sha2 2nd
+x notes on 2nd commit
+
+$commit_sha1 1st
+w notes on 1st commit
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'setup unrelated notes ref (w)' '
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/w &&
+	git notes add -m "w notes on 1st commit" 1st &&
+	git notes add -m "x notes on 2nd commit" 2nd &&
+	verify_notes w
+'
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_w
+6e8e3febca3c2bb896704335cc4d0c34cb2f8715 $commit_sha4
+e5388c10860456ee60673025345fe2e153eb8cf8 $commit_sha3
+ceefa674873670e7ecd131814d909723cce2b669 $commit_sha2
+f75d1df88cbfe4258d49852f26cfc83f2ad4494b $commit_sha1
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_w <<EOF
+$commit_sha5 5th
+
+$commit_sha4 4th
+x notes on 4th commit
+
+$commit_sha3 3rd
+x notes on 3rd commit
+
+$commit_sha2 2nd
+x notes on 2nd commit
+
+$commit_sha1 1st
+w notes on 1st commit
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'can do merge without conflicts even if previous merge is unfinished (x => w)' '
+	test -d .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE &&
+	git notes merge x &&
+	verify_notes w &&
+	# Verify that other notes refs has not changed (x and y)
+	verify_notes x &&
+	verify_notes y
+'
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_m
+021faa20e931fb48986ffc6282b4bb05553ac946 $commit_sha4
+5772f42408c0dd6f097a7ca2d24de0e78d1c46b1 $commit_sha3
+283b48219aee9a4105f6cab337e789065c82c2b9 $commit_sha2
+0a59e787e6d688aa6309e56e8c1b89431a0fc1c1 $commit_sha1
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_m <<EOF
+$commit_sha5 5th
+
+$commit_sha4 4th
+y and z notes on 4th commit
+
+$commit_sha3 3rd
+y notes on 3rd commit
+
+$commit_sha2 2nd
+z notes on 2nd commit
+
+$commit_sha1 1st
+y and z notes on 1st commit
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'finalize conflicting merge (z => m)' '
+	# Resolve conflicts and finalize merge
+	cat >.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/$commit_sha1 <<EOF &&
+y and z notes on 1st commit
+EOF
+	cat >.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/$commit_sha4 <<EOF &&
+y and z notes on 4th commit
+EOF
+	git notes merge --commit &&
+	# No .git/NOTES_MERGE_* files left
+	test_must_fail ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_* >output 2>/dev/null &&
+	test_cmp /dev/null output &&
+	# Merge commit has pre-merge y and pre-merge z as parents
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m^1)" = "$(cat pre_merge_y)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m^2)" = "$(cat pre_merge_z)" &&
+	# Merge commit mentions the notes refs merged
+	git log -1 --format=%B refs/notes/m > merge_commit_msg &&
+	grep -q refs/notes/m merge_commit_msg &&
+	grep -q refs/notes/z merge_commit_msg &&
+	# Merge commit mentions conflicting notes
+	grep -q "Conflicts" merge_commit_msg &&
+	( for sha1 in $(cat expect_conflicts); do
+		grep -q "$sha1" merge_commit_msg ||
+		exit 1
+	done ) &&
+	# Verify contents of merge result
+	verify_notes m &&
+	# Verify that other notes refs has not changed (w, x, y and z)
+	verify_notes w &&
+	verify_notes x &&
+	verify_notes y &&
+	verify_notes z
+'
+
+cat >expect_conflict_$commit_sha4 <<EOF
+<<<<<<< refs/notes/m
+y notes on 4th commit
+=======
+z notes on 4th commit
+
+More z notes on 4th commit
+>>>>>>> refs/notes/z
+EOF
+
+cp expect_notes_y expect_notes_m
+cp expect_log_y expect_log_m
+
+git rev-parse refs/notes/y > pre_merge_y
+git rev-parse refs/notes/z > pre_merge_z
+
+test_expect_success 'redo merge of z into m (== y) with default ("manual") resolver => Conflicting 3-way merge' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/m refs/notes/y &&
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/m &&
+	test_must_fail git notes merge z >output &&
+	# Output should point to where to resolve conflicts
+	grep -q "\\.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE" output &&
+	# Inspect merge conflicts
+	ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE >output_conflicts &&
+	test_cmp expect_conflicts output_conflicts &&
+	( for f in $(cat expect_conflicts); do
+		test_cmp "expect_conflict_$f" ".git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/$f" ||
+		exit 1
+	done ) &&
+	# Verify that current notes tree (pre-merge) has not changed (m == y)
+	verify_notes y &&
+	verify_notes m &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" = "$(cat pre_merge_y)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'abort notes merge' '
+	git notes merge --abort &&
+	# No .git/NOTES_MERGE_* files left
+	test_must_fail ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_* >output 2>/dev/null &&
+	test_cmp /dev/null output &&
+	# m has not moved (still == y)
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" = "$(cat pre_merge_y)"
+	# Verify that other notes refs has not changed (w, x, y and z)
+	verify_notes w &&
+	verify_notes x &&
+	verify_notes y &&
+	verify_notes z
+'
+
+git rev-parse refs/notes/y > pre_merge_y
+git rev-parse refs/notes/z > pre_merge_z
+
+test_expect_success 'redo merge of z into m (== y) with default ("manual") resolver => Conflicting 3-way merge' '
+	test_must_fail git notes merge z >output &&
+	# Output should point to where to resolve conflicts
+	grep -q "\\.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE" output &&
+	# Inspect merge conflicts
+	ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE >output_conflicts &&
+	test_cmp expect_conflicts output_conflicts &&
+	( for f in $(cat expect_conflicts); do
+		test_cmp "expect_conflict_$f" ".git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/$f" ||
+		exit 1
+	done ) &&
+	# Verify that current notes tree (pre-merge) has not changed (m == y)
+	verify_notes y &&
+	verify_notes m &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" = "$(cat pre_merge_y)"
+'
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_m
+304dfb4325cf243025b9957486eb605a9b51c199 $commit_sha5
+283b48219aee9a4105f6cab337e789065c82c2b9 $commit_sha2
+0a59e787e6d688aa6309e56e8c1b89431a0fc1c1 $commit_sha1
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_m <<EOF
+$commit_sha5 5th
+new note on 5th commit
+
+$commit_sha4 4th
+
+$commit_sha3 3rd
+
+$commit_sha2 2nd
+z notes on 2nd commit
+
+$commit_sha1 1st
+y and z notes on 1st commit
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'add + remove notes in finalized merge (z => m)' '
+	# Resolve one conflict
+	cat >.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/$commit_sha1 <<EOF &&
+y and z notes on 1st commit
+EOF
+	# Remove another conflict
+	rm .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/$commit_sha4 &&
+	# Remove a D/F conflict
+	rm .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/$commit_sha3 &&
+	# Add a new note
+	echo "new note on 5th commit" > .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/$commit_sha5 &&
+	# Finalize merge
+	git notes merge --commit &&
+	# No .git/NOTES_MERGE_* files left
+	test_must_fail ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_* >output 2>/dev/null &&
+	test_cmp /dev/null output &&
+	# Merge commit has pre-merge y and pre-merge z as parents
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m^1)" = "$(cat pre_merge_y)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m^2)" = "$(cat pre_merge_z)" &&
+	# Merge commit mentions the notes refs merged
+	git log -1 --format=%B refs/notes/m > merge_commit_msg &&
+	grep -q refs/notes/m merge_commit_msg &&
+	grep -q refs/notes/z merge_commit_msg &&
+	# Merge commit mentions conflicting notes
+	grep -q "Conflicts" merge_commit_msg &&
+	( for sha1 in $(cat expect_conflicts); do
+		grep -q "$sha1" merge_commit_msg ||
+		exit 1
+	done ) &&
+	# Verify contents of merge result
+	verify_notes m &&
+	# Verify that other notes refs has not changed (w, x, y and z)
+	verify_notes w &&
+	verify_notes x &&
+	verify_notes y &&
+	verify_notes z
+'
+
+cp expect_notes_y expect_notes_m
+cp expect_log_y expect_log_m
+
+test_expect_success 'redo merge of z into m (== y) with default ("manual") resolver => Conflicting 3-way merge' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/m refs/notes/y &&
+	test_must_fail git notes merge z >output &&
+	# Output should point to where to resolve conflicts
+	grep -q "\\.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE" output &&
+	# Inspect merge conflicts
+	ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE >output_conflicts &&
+	test_cmp expect_conflicts output_conflicts &&
+	( for f in $(cat expect_conflicts); do
+		test_cmp "expect_conflict_$f" ".git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/$f" ||
+		exit 1
+	done ) &&
+	# Verify that current notes tree (pre-merge) has not changed (m == y)
+	verify_notes y &&
+	verify_notes m &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" = "$(cat pre_merge_y)"
+'
+
+cp expect_notes_w expect_notes_m
+cp expect_log_w expect_log_m
+
+test_expect_success 'reset notes ref m to somewhere else (w)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/m refs/notes/w &&
+	verify_notes m &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" = "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/w)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fail to finalize conflicting merge if underlying ref has moved in the meantime (m != NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL^1)' '
+	# Resolve conflicts
+	cat >.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/$commit_sha1 <<EOF &&
+y and z notes on 1st commit
+EOF
+	cat >.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/$commit_sha4 <<EOF &&
+y and z notes on 4th commit
+EOF
+	# Fail to finalize merge
+	test_must_fail git notes merge --commit >output 2>&1 &&
+	# .git/NOTES_MERGE_* must remain
+	test -f .git/NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL &&
+	test -f .git/NOTES_MERGE_REF &&
+	test -f .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/$commit_sha1 &&
+	test -f .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/$commit_sha2 &&
+	test -f .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/$commit_sha3 &&
+	test -f .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/$commit_sha4 &&
+	# Refs are unchanged
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" = "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/w)"
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/y)" = "$(git rev-parse NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL^1)"
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" != "$(git rev-parse NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL^1)"
+	# Mention refs/notes/m, and its current and expected value in output
+	grep -q "refs/notes/m" output &&
+	grep -q "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" output &&
+	grep -q "$(git rev-parse NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL^1)" output &&
+	# Verify that other notes refs has not changed (w, x, y and z)
+	verify_notes w &&
+	verify_notes x &&
+	verify_notes y &&
+	verify_notes z
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'resolve situation by aborting the notes merge' '
+	git notes merge --abort &&
+	# No .git/NOTES_MERGE_* files left
+	test_must_fail ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_* >output 2>/dev/null &&
+	test_cmp /dev/null output &&
+	# m has not moved (still == w)
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" = "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/w)"
+	# Verify that other notes refs has not changed (w, x, y and z)
+	verify_notes w &&
+	verify_notes x &&
+	verify_notes y &&
+	verify_notes z
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3311-notes-merge-fanout.sh b/t/t3311-notes-merge-fanout.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..93516ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3311-notes-merge-fanout.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,436 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2010 Johan Herland
+#
+
+test_description='Test notes merging at various fanout levels'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+verify_notes () {
+	notes_ref="$1"
+	commit="$2"
+	if test -f "expect_notes_$notes_ref"
+	then
+		git -c core.notesRef="refs/notes/$notes_ref" notes |
+			sort >"output_notes_$notes_ref" &&
+		test_cmp "expect_notes_$notes_ref" "output_notes_$notes_ref" ||
+			return 1
+	fi &&
+	git -c core.notesRef="refs/notes/$notes_ref" log --format="%H %s%n%N" \
+		"$commit" >"output_log_$notes_ref" &&
+	test_cmp "expect_log_$notes_ref" "output_log_$notes_ref"
+}
+
+verify_fanout () {
+	notes_ref="$1"
+	# Expect entire notes tree to have a fanout == 1
+	git rev-parse --quiet --verify "refs/notes/$notes_ref" >/dev/null &&
+	git ls-tree -r --name-only "refs/notes/$notes_ref" |
+	while read path
+	do
+		case "$path" in
+		??/??????????????????????????????????????)
+			: true
+			;;
+		*)
+			echo "Invalid path \"$path\"" &&
+			return 1
+			;;
+		esac
+	done
+}
+
+verify_no_fanout () {
+	notes_ref="$1"
+	# Expect entire notes tree to have a fanout == 0
+	git rev-parse --quiet --verify "refs/notes/$notes_ref" >/dev/null &&
+	git ls-tree -r --name-only "refs/notes/$notes_ref" |
+	while read path
+	do
+		case "$path" in
+		????????????????????????????????????????)
+			: true
+			;;
+		*)
+			echo "Invalid path \"$path\"" &&
+			return 1
+			;;
+		esac
+	done
+}
+
+# Set up a notes merge scenario with different kinds of conflicts
+test_expect_success 'setup a few initial commits with notes (notes ref: x)' '
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/x &&
+	for i in 1 2 3 4 5
+	do
+		test_commit "commit$i" >/dev/null &&
+		git notes add -m "notes for commit$i" || return 1
+	done
+'
+
+commit_sha1=$(git rev-parse commit1^{commit})
+commit_sha2=$(git rev-parse commit2^{commit})
+commit_sha3=$(git rev-parse commit3^{commit})
+commit_sha4=$(git rev-parse commit4^{commit})
+commit_sha5=$(git rev-parse commit5^{commit})
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_x
+aed91155c7a72c2188e781fdf40e0f3761b299db $commit_sha5
+99fab268f9d7ee7b011e091a436c78def8eeee69 $commit_sha4
+953c20ae26c7aa0b428c20693fe38bc687f9d1a9 $commit_sha3
+6358796131b8916eaa2dde6902642942a1cb37e1 $commit_sha2
+b02d459c32f0e68f2fe0981033bb34f38776ba47 $commit_sha1
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_x <<EOF
+$commit_sha5 commit5
+notes for commit5
+
+$commit_sha4 commit4
+notes for commit4
+
+$commit_sha3 commit3
+notes for commit3
+
+$commit_sha2 commit2
+notes for commit2
+
+$commit_sha1 commit1
+notes for commit1
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'sanity check (x)' '
+	verify_notes x commit5 &&
+	verify_no_fanout x
+'
+
+num=300
+
+cp expect_log_x expect_log_y
+
+test_expect_success 'Add a few hundred commits w/notes to trigger fanout (x -> y)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/y refs/notes/x &&
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/y &&
+	i=5 &&
+	while test $i -lt $num
+	do
+		i=$(($i + 1)) &&
+		test_commit "commit$i" >/dev/null &&
+		git notes add -m "notes for commit$i" || return 1
+	done &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/y)" != "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/x)" &&
+	# Expected number of commits and notes
+	test $(git rev-list HEAD | wc -l) = $num &&
+	test $(git notes list | wc -l) = $num &&
+	# 5 first notes unchanged
+	verify_notes y commit5
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'notes tree has fanout (y)' 'verify_fanout y'
+
+test_expect_success 'No-op merge (already included) (x => y)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/m refs/notes/y &&
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/m &&
+	git notes merge x &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" = "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/y)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Fast-forward merge (y => x)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/m refs/notes/x &&
+	git notes merge y &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" = "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/y)"
+'
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_z
+9f506ee70e20379d7f78204c77b334f43d77410d $commit_sha3
+23a47d6ea7d589895faf800752054818e1e7627b $commit_sha2
+b02d459c32f0e68f2fe0981033bb34f38776ba47 $commit_sha1
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_log_z <<EOF
+$commit_sha5 commit5
+
+$commit_sha4 commit4
+
+$commit_sha3 commit3
+notes for commit3
+
+appended notes for commit3
+
+$commit_sha2 commit2
+new notes for commit2
+
+$commit_sha1 commit1
+notes for commit1
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'change some of the initial 5 notes (x -> z)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/z refs/notes/x &&
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/z &&
+	git notes add -f -m "new notes for commit2" commit2 &&
+	git notes append -m "appended notes for commit3" commit3 &&
+	git notes remove commit4 &&
+	git notes remove commit5 &&
+	verify_notes z commit5
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'notes tree has no fanout (z)' 'verify_no_fanout z'
+
+cp expect_log_z expect_log_m
+
+test_expect_success 'successful merge without conflicts (y => z)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/m refs/notes/z &&
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/m &&
+	git notes merge y &&
+	verify_notes m commit5 &&
+	# x/y/z unchanged
+	verify_notes x commit5 &&
+	verify_notes y commit5 &&
+	verify_notes z commit5
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'notes tree still has fanout after merge (m)' 'verify_fanout m'
+
+cat >expect_log_w <<EOF
+$commit_sha5 commit5
+
+$commit_sha4 commit4
+other notes for commit4
+
+$commit_sha3 commit3
+other notes for commit3
+
+$commit_sha2 commit2
+notes for commit2
+
+$commit_sha1 commit1
+other notes for commit1
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'introduce conflicting changes (y -> w)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/w refs/notes/y &&
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/w &&
+	git notes add -f -m "other notes for commit1" commit1 &&
+	git notes add -f -m "other notes for commit3" commit3 &&
+	git notes add -f -m "other notes for commit4" commit4 &&
+	git notes remove commit5 &&
+	verify_notes w commit5
+'
+
+cat >expect_log_m <<EOF
+$commit_sha5 commit5
+
+$commit_sha4 commit4
+other notes for commit4
+
+$commit_sha3 commit3
+other notes for commit3
+
+$commit_sha2 commit2
+new notes for commit2
+
+$commit_sha1 commit1
+other notes for commit1
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'successful merge using "ours" strategy (z => w)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/m refs/notes/w &&
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/m &&
+	git notes merge -s ours z &&
+	verify_notes m commit5 &&
+	# w/x/y/z unchanged
+	verify_notes w commit5 &&
+	verify_notes x commit5 &&
+	verify_notes y commit5 &&
+	verify_notes z commit5
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'notes tree still has fanout after merge (m)' 'verify_fanout m'
+
+cat >expect_log_m <<EOF
+$commit_sha5 commit5
+
+$commit_sha4 commit4
+
+$commit_sha3 commit3
+notes for commit3
+
+appended notes for commit3
+
+$commit_sha2 commit2
+new notes for commit2
+
+$commit_sha1 commit1
+other notes for commit1
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'successful merge using "theirs" strategy (z => w)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/m refs/notes/w &&
+	git notes merge -s theirs z &&
+	verify_notes m commit5 &&
+	# w/x/y/z unchanged
+	verify_notes w commit5 &&
+	verify_notes x commit5 &&
+	verify_notes y commit5 &&
+	verify_notes z commit5
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'notes tree still has fanout after merge (m)' 'verify_fanout m'
+
+cat >expect_log_m <<EOF
+$commit_sha5 commit5
+
+$commit_sha4 commit4
+other notes for commit4
+
+$commit_sha3 commit3
+other notes for commit3
+
+notes for commit3
+
+appended notes for commit3
+
+$commit_sha2 commit2
+new notes for commit2
+
+$commit_sha1 commit1
+other notes for commit1
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'successful merge using "union" strategy (z => w)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/m refs/notes/w &&
+	git notes merge -s union z &&
+	verify_notes m commit5 &&
+	# w/x/y/z unchanged
+	verify_notes w commit5 &&
+	verify_notes x commit5 &&
+	verify_notes y commit5 &&
+	verify_notes z commit5
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'notes tree still has fanout after merge (m)' 'verify_fanout m'
+
+cat >expect_log_m <<EOF
+$commit_sha5 commit5
+
+$commit_sha4 commit4
+other notes for commit4
+
+$commit_sha3 commit3
+appended notes for commit3
+notes for commit3
+other notes for commit3
+
+$commit_sha2 commit2
+new notes for commit2
+
+$commit_sha1 commit1
+other notes for commit1
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'successful merge using "cat_sort_uniq" strategy (z => w)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/m refs/notes/w &&
+	git notes merge -s cat_sort_uniq z &&
+	verify_notes m commit5 &&
+	# w/x/y/z unchanged
+	verify_notes w commit5 &&
+	verify_notes x commit5 &&
+	verify_notes y commit5 &&
+	verify_notes z commit5
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'notes tree still has fanout after merge (m)' 'verify_fanout m'
+
+# We're merging z into w. Here are the conflicts we expect:
+#
+# commit | x -> w    | x -> z    | conflict?
+# -------|-----------|-----------|----------
+# 1      | changed   | unchanged | no, use w
+# 2      | unchanged | changed   | no, use z
+# 3      | changed   | changed   | yes (w, then z in conflict markers)
+# 4      | changed   | deleted   | yes (w)
+# 5      | deleted   | deleted   | no, deleted
+
+test_expect_success 'fails to merge using "manual" strategy (z => w)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/m refs/notes/w &&
+	test_must_fail git notes merge z
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'notes tree still has fanout after merge (m)' 'verify_fanout m'
+
+cat <<EOF | sort >expect_conflicts
+$commit_sha3
+$commit_sha4
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_conflict_$commit_sha3 <<EOF
+<<<<<<< refs/notes/m
+other notes for commit3
+=======
+notes for commit3
+
+appended notes for commit3
+>>>>>>> refs/notes/z
+EOF
+
+cat >expect_conflict_$commit_sha4 <<EOF
+other notes for commit4
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'verify conflict entries (with no fanout)' '
+	ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE >output_conflicts &&
+	test_cmp expect_conflicts output_conflicts &&
+	( for f in $(cat expect_conflicts); do
+		test_cmp "expect_conflict_$f" ".git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/$f" ||
+		exit 1
+	done ) &&
+	# Verify that current notes tree (pre-merge) has not changed (m == w)
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" = "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/w)"
+'
+
+cat >expect_log_m <<EOF
+$commit_sha5 commit5
+
+$commit_sha4 commit4
+other notes for commit4
+
+$commit_sha3 commit3
+other notes for commit3
+
+appended notes for commit3
+
+$commit_sha2 commit2
+new notes for commit2
+
+$commit_sha1 commit1
+other notes for commit1
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'resolve and finalize merge (z => w)' '
+	cat >.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/$commit_sha3 <<EOF &&
+other notes for commit3
+
+appended notes for commit3
+EOF
+	git notes merge --commit &&
+	verify_notes m commit5 &&
+	# w/x/y/z unchanged
+	verify_notes w commit5 &&
+	verify_notes x commit5 &&
+	verify_notes y commit5 &&
+	verify_notes z commit5
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'notes tree still has fanout after merge (m)' 'verify_fanout m'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3402-rebase-merge.sh b/t/t3402-rebase-merge.sh
index 2bea656..be8c1d5 100755
--- a/t/t3402-rebase-merge.sh
+++ b/t/t3402-rebase-merge.sh
@@ -117,4 +117,25 @@
 	esac
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rebase -s funny -Xopt' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -fr test-bin funny.was.run" &&
+	mkdir test-bin &&
+	cat >test-bin/git-merge-funny <<-EOF &&
+	#!$SHELL_PATH
+	case "\$1" in --opt) ;; *) exit 2 ;; esac
+	shift &&
+	>funny.was.run &&
+	exec git merge-recursive "\$@"
+	EOF
+	chmod +x test-bin/git-merge-funny &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -b test-funny master^ &&
+	test_commit funny &&
+	(
+		PATH=./test-bin:$PATH
+		git rebase -s funny -Xopt master
+	) &&
+	test -f funny.was.run
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh b/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
index 7d20a74..7d8147b 100755
--- a/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
+++ b/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
@@ -7,34 +7,39 @@
 
 This test runs git rebase "interactively", by faking an edit, and verifies
 that the result still makes sense.
+
+Initial setup:
+
+     one - two - three - four (conflict-branch)
+   /
+ A - B - C - D - E            (master)
+ | \
+ |   F - G - H                (branch1)
+ |     \
+ |\      I                    (branch2)
+ | \
+ |   J - K - L - M            (no-conflict-branch)
+  \
+    N - O - P                 (no-ff-branch)
+
+ where A, B, D and G all touch file1, and one, two, three, four all
+ touch file "conflict".
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-rebase.sh
 
+test_cmp_rev () {
+	git rev-parse --verify "$1" >expect.rev &&
+	git rev-parse --verify "$2" >actual.rev &&
+	test_cmp expect.rev actual.rev
+}
+
 set_fake_editor
 
-# Set up the repository like this:
-#
-#     one - two - three - four (conflict-branch)
-#   /
-# A - B - C - D - E            (master)
-# | \
-# |   F - G - H                (branch1)
-# |     \
-# |\      I                    (branch2)
-# | \
-# |   J - K - L - M            (no-conflict-branch)
-#  \
-#    N - O - P                 (no-ff-branch)
-#
-# where A, B, D and G all touch file1, and one, two, three, four all
-# touch file "conflict".
-#
 # WARNING: Modifications to the initial repository can change the SHA ID used
 # in the expect2 file for the 'stop on conflicting pick' test.
 
-
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	test_commit A file1 &&
 	test_commit B file1 &&
@@ -46,29 +51,29 @@
 	test_commit G file1 &&
 	test_commit H file5 &&
 	git checkout -b branch2 F &&
-	test_commit I file6
+	test_commit I file6 &&
 	git checkout -b conflict-branch A &&
-	for n in one two three four
-	do
-		test_commit $n conflict
-	done &&
+	test_commit one conflict &&
+	test_commit two conflict &&
+	test_commit three conflict &&
+	test_commit four conflict &&
 	git checkout -b no-conflict-branch A &&
-	for n in J K L M
-	do
-		test_commit $n file$n
-	done &&
+	test_commit J fileJ &&
+	test_commit K fileK &&
+	test_commit L fileL &&
+	test_commit M fileM &&
 	git checkout -b no-ff-branch A &&
-	for n in N O P
-	do
-		test_commit $n file$n
-	done
+	test_commit N fileN &&
+	test_commit O fileO &&
+	test_commit P fileP
 '
 
 # "exec" commands are ran with the user shell by default, but this may
 # be non-POSIX. For example, if SHELL=zsh then ">file" doesn't work
 # to create a file. Unseting SHELL avoids such non-portable behavior
-# in tests.
+# in tests. It must be exported for it to take effect where needed.
 SHELL=
+export SHELL
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase -i with the exec command' '
 	git checkout master &&
@@ -82,20 +87,12 @@
 	test_path_is_file touch-one &&
 	test_path_is_file touch-two &&
 	test_path_is_missing touch-three " (should have stopped before)" &&
-	test $(git rev-parse C) = $(git rev-parse HEAD) || {
-		echo "Stopped at wrong revision:"
-		echo "($(git describe --tags HEAD) instead of C)"
-		false
-	} &&
+	test_cmp_rev C HEAD &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	test_path_is_file touch-three &&
 	test_path_is_file "touch-file  name with spaces" &&
 	test_path_is_file touch-after-semicolon &&
-	test $(git rev-parse master) = $(git rev-parse HEAD) || {
-		echo "Stopped at wrong revision:"
-		echo "($(git describe --tags HEAD) instead of master)"
-		false
-	} &&
+	test_cmp_rev master HEAD &&
 	rm -f touch-*
 '
 
@@ -116,11 +113,7 @@
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_must_fail git rebase -i HEAD^
 	) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse master^) = $(git rev-parse HEAD) || {
-		echo "Stopped at wrong revision:"
-		echo "($(git describe --tags HEAD) instead of master^)"
-		false
-	} &&
+	test_cmp_rev master^ HEAD &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git rebase --continue
 '
@@ -584,7 +577,7 @@
 
 	git checkout -b branch4 HEAD &&
 	GIT_EDITOR=: git commit --amend \
-		--author="Somebody else <somebody@else.com>" 
+		--author="Somebody else <somebody@else.com>" &&
 	test $(git rev-parse branch3) != $(git rev-parse branch4) &&
 	git rebase -i branch3 &&
 	test $(git rev-parse branch3) = $(git rev-parse branch4)
@@ -599,7 +592,7 @@
 		git add elif && git commit -m "submodule initial"
 	) &&
 	echo 1 >file1 &&
-	git add file1 sub
+	git add file1 sub &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "One" &&
 	echo 2 >file1 &&
@@ -655,6 +648,7 @@
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 an earlier note
+
 a note
 EOF
 
diff --git a/t/t3406-rebase-message.sh b/t/t3406-rebase-message.sh
index 85fc7c4..fe5f936 100755
--- a/t/t3406-rebase-message.sh
+++ b/t/t3406-rebase-message.sh
@@ -43,20 +43,20 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase --stat' '
-        git reset --hard start
+	git reset --hard start &&
         git rebase --stat master >diffstat.txt &&
         grep "^ fileX |  *1 +$" diffstat.txt
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase w/config rebase.stat' '
-        git reset --hard start
+	git reset --hard start &&
         git config rebase.stat true &&
         git rebase master >diffstat.txt &&
         grep "^ fileX |  *1 +$" diffstat.txt
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase -n overrides config rebase.stat config' '
-        git reset --hard start
+	git reset --hard start &&
         git config rebase.stat true &&
         git rebase -n master >diffstat.txt &&
         ! grep "^ fileX |  *1 +$" diffstat.txt
diff --git a/t/t3407-rebase-abort.sh b/t/t3407-rebase-abort.sh
index fbb3f2e..e573dc8 100755
--- a/t/t3407-rebase-abort.sh
+++ b/t/t3407-rebase-abort.sh
@@ -72,6 +72,18 @@
 		test $(git rev-parse to-rebase) = $(git rev-parse pre-rebase) &&
 		test ! -d "$dotest"
 	'
+
+	test_expect_success "rebase$type --abort does not update reflog" '
+		cd "$work_dir" &&
+		# Clean up the state from the previous one
+		git reset --hard pre-rebase &&
+		git reflog show to-rebase > reflog_before &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase$type master &&
+		git rebase --abort &&
+		git reflog show to-rebase > reflog_after &&
+		test_cmp reflog_before reflog_after &&
+		rm reflog_before reflog_after
+	'
 }
 
 testrebase "" .git/rebase-apply
diff --git a/t/t3408-rebase-multi-line.sh b/t/t3408-rebase-multi-line.sh
index 2062b85..6b84e60 100755
--- a/t/t3408-rebase-multi-line.sh
+++ b/t/t3408-rebase-multi-line.sh
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 	git commit -a -m "A sample commit log message that has a long
 summary that spills over multiple lines.
 
-But otherwise with a sane description."
+But otherwise with a sane description." &&
 
 	git branch side &&
 
diff --git a/t/t3409-rebase-preserve-merges.sh b/t/t3409-rebase-preserve-merges.sh
index 74161a4..08201e2 100755
--- a/t/t3409-rebase-preserve-merges.sh
+++ b/t/t3409-rebase-preserve-merges.sh
@@ -27,7 +27,17 @@
 #    \
 #     B2       <-- origin/topic
 #
-# In both cases, 'topic' is rebased onto 'origin/topic'.
+# Clone 3 (no-ff merge):
+#
+# A1--A2--B3   <-- origin/master
+#  \
+#   B1------M  <-- topic
+#    \     /
+#     \--A3    <-- topic2
+#      \
+#       B2     <-- origin/topic
+#
+# In all cases, 'topic' is rebased onto 'origin/topic'.
 
 test_expect_success 'setup for merge-preserving rebase' \
 	'echo First > A &&
@@ -61,6 +71,16 @@
 		git commit -m "Merge origin/master into topic"
 	) &&
 
+	git clone ./. clone3 &&
+	(
+		cd clone3 &&
+		git checkout -b topic2 origin/topic &&
+		echo Sixth > A &&
+		git commit -a -m "Modify A3" &&
+		git checkout -b topic origin/topic &&
+		git merge --no-ff topic2
+	) &&
+
 	git checkout topic &&
 	echo Fourth >> B &&
 	git commit -a -m "Modify B2"
@@ -72,7 +92,7 @@
 	git fetch &&
 	git rebase -p origin/topic &&
 	test 1 = $(git rev-list --all --pretty=oneline | grep "Modify A" | wc -l) &&
-	test 1 = $(git rev-list --all --pretty=oneline | grep "Merge remote branch " | wc -l)
+	test 1 = $(git rev-list --all --pretty=oneline | grep "Merge remote-tracking branch " | wc -l)
 	)
 '
 
@@ -93,4 +113,14 @@
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rebase -p preserves no-ff merges' '
+	(
+	cd clone3 &&
+	git fetch &&
+	git rebase -p origin/topic &&
+	test 3 = $(git rev-list --all --pretty=oneline | grep "Modify A" | wc -l) &&
+	test 1 = $(git rev-list --all --pretty=oneline | grep "Merge branch" | wc -l)
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3412-rebase-root.sh b/t/t3412-rebase-root.sh
index 5869061..086c91c 100755
--- a/t/t3412-rebase-root.sh
+++ b/t/t3412-rebase-root.sh
@@ -173,14 +173,14 @@
 test_expect_success 'pre-rebase hook stops rebase' '
 	git checkout -b stops1 other &&
 	test_must_fail git rebase --root --onto master &&
-	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = zrefs/heads/stops1
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = zrefs/heads/stops1 &&
 	test 0 = $(git rev-list other...stops1 | wc -l)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pre-rebase hook stops rebase -i' '
 	git checkout -b stops2 other &&
 	test_must_fail git rebase --root --onto master &&
-	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = zrefs/heads/stops2
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = zrefs/heads/stops2 &&
 	test 0 = $(git rev-list other...stops2 | wc -l)
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t3415-rebase-autosquash.sh b/t/t3415-rebase-autosquash.sh
index fd2184c..b38be8e 100755
--- a/t/t3415-rebase-autosquash.sh
+++ b/t/t3415-rebase-autosquash.sh
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 	git add . &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "first commit" &&
+	git tag first-commit &&
 	echo 3 >file3 &&
 	git add . &&
 	test_tick &&
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@
 	git tag base
 '
 
-test_auto_fixup() {
+test_auto_fixup () {
 	git reset --hard base &&
 	echo 1 >file1 &&
 	git add -u &&
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@
 	test_must_fail test_auto_fixup final-fixup-config-false
 '
 
-test_auto_squash() {
+test_auto_squash () {
 	git reset --hard base &&
 	echo 1 >file1 &&
 	git add -u &&
@@ -94,4 +95,102 @@
 	test 0 = $(git rev-list final-missquash...HEAD | wc -l)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'auto squash that matches 2 commits' '
+	git reset --hard base &&
+	echo 4 >file4 &&
+	git add file4 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "first new commit" &&
+	echo 1 >file1 &&
+	git add -u &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "squash! first" &&
+	git tag final-multisquash &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git rebase --autosquash -i HEAD~4 &&
+	git log --oneline >actual &&
+	test 4 = $(wc -l <actual) &&
+	git diff --exit-code final-multisquash &&
+	test 1 = "$(git cat-file blob HEAD^^:file1)" &&
+	test 2 = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^^ | grep first | wc -l) &&
+	test 1 = $(git cat-file commit HEAD | grep first | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'auto squash that matches a commit after the squash' '
+	git reset --hard base &&
+	echo 1 >file1 &&
+	git add -u &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "squash! third" &&
+	echo 4 >file4 &&
+	git add file4 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "third commit" &&
+	git tag final-presquash &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git rebase --autosquash -i HEAD~4 &&
+	git log --oneline >actual &&
+	test 5 = $(wc -l <actual) &&
+	git diff --exit-code final-presquash &&
+	test 0 = "$(git cat-file blob HEAD^^:file1)" &&
+	test 1 = "$(git cat-file blob HEAD^:file1)" &&
+	test 1 = $(git cat-file commit HEAD | grep third | wc -l) &&
+	test 1 = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^ | grep third | wc -l)
+'
+test_expect_success 'auto squash that matches a sha1' '
+	git reset --hard base &&
+	echo 1 >file1 &&
+	git add -u &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "squash! $(git rev-parse --short HEAD^)" &&
+	git tag final-shasquash &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git rebase --autosquash -i HEAD^^^ &&
+	git log --oneline >actual &&
+	test 3 = $(wc -l <actual) &&
+	git diff --exit-code final-shasquash &&
+	test 1 = "$(git cat-file blob HEAD^:file1)" &&
+	test 1 = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^ | grep squash | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'auto squash that matches longer sha1' '
+	git reset --hard base &&
+	echo 1 >file1 &&
+	git add -u &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "squash! $(git rev-parse --short=11 HEAD^)" &&
+	git tag final-longshasquash &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git rebase --autosquash -i HEAD^^^ &&
+	git log --oneline >actual &&
+	test 3 = $(wc -l <actual) &&
+	git diff --exit-code final-longshasquash &&
+	test 1 = "$(git cat-file blob HEAD^:file1)" &&
+	test 1 = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^ | grep squash | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_auto_commit_flags () {
+	git reset --hard base &&
+	echo 1 >file1 &&
+	git add -u &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --$1 first-commit &&
+	git tag final-commit-$1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git rebase --autosquash -i HEAD^^^ &&
+	git log --oneline >actual &&
+	test 3 = $(wc -l <actual) &&
+	git diff --exit-code final-commit-$1 &&
+	test 1 = "$(git cat-file blob HEAD^:file1)" &&
+	test $2 = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^ | grep first | wc -l)
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'use commit --fixup' '
+	test_auto_commit_flags fixup 1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'use commit --squash' '
+	test_auto_commit_flags squash 2
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3417-rebase-whitespace-fix.sh b/t/t3417-rebase-whitespace-fix.sh
index 220a740..1fb3e49 100755
--- a/t/t3417-rebase-whitespace-fix.sh
+++ b/t/t3417-rebase-whitespace-fix.sh
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@
 	git config core.whitespace "-blank-at-eol" &&
 	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
 	cp third file && git add file && git commit -m third &&
-	git rebase --whitespace=fix HEAD^^
+	git rebase --whitespace=fix HEAD^^ &&
 	git diff --exit-code HEAD^:file expect-second &&
 	test_cmp file third
 '
diff --git a/t/t3419-rebase-patch-id.sh b/t/t3419-rebase-patch-id.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..bd8efaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3419-rebase-patch-id.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git rebase - test patch id computation'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_set_prereq NOT_EXPENSIVE
+test -n "$GIT_PATCHID_TIMING_TESTS" && test_set_prereq EXPENSIVE
+test -x /usr/bin/time && test_set_prereq USR_BIN_TIME
+
+count()
+{
+	i=0
+	while test $i -lt $1
+	do
+		echo "$i"
+		i=$(($i+1))
+	done
+}
+
+scramble()
+{
+	i=0
+	while read x
+	do
+		if test $i -ne 0
+		then
+			echo "$x"
+		fi
+		i=$((($i+1) % 10))
+	done < "$1" > "$1.new"
+	mv -f "$1.new" "$1"
+}
+
+run()
+{
+	echo \$ "$@"
+	/usr/bin/time "$@" >/dev/null
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	git commit --allow-empty -m initial
+	git tag root
+'
+
+do_tests()
+{
+	pr=$1
+	nlines=$2
+
+	test_expect_success $pr "setup: $nlines lines" "
+		rm -f .gitattributes &&
+		git checkout -q -f master &&
+		git reset --hard root &&
+		count $nlines >file &&
+		git add file &&
+		git commit -q -m initial &&
+		git branch -f other &&
+
+		scramble file &&
+		git add file &&
+		git commit -q -m 'change big file' &&
+
+		git checkout -q other &&
+		: >newfile &&
+		git add newfile &&
+		git commit -q -m 'add small file' &&
+
+		git cherry-pick master >/dev/null 2>&1
+	"
+
+	test_debug "
+		run git diff master^\!
+	"
+
+	test_expect_success $pr 'setup attributes' "
+		echo 'file binary' >.gitattributes
+	"
+
+	test_debug "
+		run git format-patch --stdout master &&
+		run git format-patch --stdout --ignore-if-in-upstream master
+	"
+
+	test_expect_success $pr 'detect upstream patch' "
+		git checkout -q master &&
+		scramble file &&
+		git add file &&
+		git commit -q -m 'change big file again' &&
+		git checkout -q other^{} &&
+		git rebase master &&
+		test_must_fail test -n \"\$(git rev-list master...HEAD~)\"
+	"
+
+	test_expect_success $pr 'do not drop patch' "
+		git branch -f squashed master &&
+		git checkout -q -f squashed &&
+		git reset -q --soft HEAD~2 &&
+		git commit -q -m squashed &&
+		git checkout -q other^{} &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase squashed &&
+		rm -rf .git/rebase-apply
+	"
+}
+
+do_tests NOT_EXPENSIVE 500
+do_tests EXPENSIVE 50000
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh b/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh
index bc7aedd..595d2ff 100755
--- a/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh
+++ b/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh
@@ -81,12 +81,22 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick on stat-dirty working tree' '
+	git clone . copy &&
+	(
+		cd copy &&
+		git checkout initial &&
+		test-chmtime +40 oops &&
+		git cherry-pick added
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'revert forbidden on dirty working tree' '
 
 	echo content >extra_file &&
 	git add extra_file &&
 	test_must_fail git revert HEAD 2>errors &&
-	grep "Your local changes would be overwritten by " errors
+	test_i18ngrep "Your local changes would be overwritten by " errors
 
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t3503-cherry-pick-root.sh b/t/t3503-cherry-pick-root.sh
index b0faa29..9aefe3a 100755
--- a/t/t3503-cherry-pick-root.sh
+++ b/t/t3503-cherry-pick-root.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-test_description='test cherry-picking a root commit'
+test_description='test cherry-picking (and reverting) a root commit'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
@@ -23,7 +23,30 @@
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick a root commit' '
 
 	git cherry-pick master &&
-	test first = $(cat file1)
+	echo first >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file1
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'revert a root commit' '
+
+	git revert master &&
+	test_path_is_missing file1
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick a root commit with an external strategy' '
+
+	git cherry-pick --strategy=resolve master &&
+	echo first >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file1
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'revert a root commit with an external strategy' '
+
+	git revert --strategy=resolve master &&
+	test_path_is_missing file1
 
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t3504-cherry-pick-rerere.sh b/t/t3504-cherry-pick-rerere.sh
index f7b3518..e6a6481 100755
--- a/t/t3504-cherry-pick-rerere.sh
+++ b/t/t3504-cherry-pick-rerere.sh
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'fixup' '
 	echo foo-dev >foo &&
 	git add foo && test_tick && git commit -q -m 4 &&
-	git reset --hard HEAD^
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
 	echo foo-dev >expect
 '
 
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'reconfigure' '
-	git config rerere.enabled false
+	git config rerere.enabled false &&
 	git reset --hard
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh b/t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh
index 607bf25..212ec54 100755
--- a/t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh
+++ b/t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh
@@ -11,6 +11,18 @@
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+test_cmp_rev () {
+	git rev-parse --verify "$1" >expect.rev &&
+	git rev-parse --verify "$2" >actual.rev &&
+	test_cmp expect.rev actual.rev
+}
+
+pristine_detach () {
+	git checkout -f "$1^0" &&
+	git read-tree -u --reset HEAD &&
+	git clean -d -f -f -q -x
+}
+
 test_expect_success setup '
 
 	echo unrelated >unrelated &&
@@ -23,13 +35,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'failed cherry-pick does not advance HEAD' '
-
-	git checkout -f initial^0 &&
-	git read-tree -u --reset HEAD &&
-	git clean -d -f -f -q -x &&
-
-	git update-index --refresh &&
-	git diff-index --exit-code HEAD &&
+	pristine_detach initial &&
 
 	head=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 	test_must_fail git cherry-pick picked &&
@@ -39,33 +45,96 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'advice from failed cherry-pick' "
-	git checkout -f initial^0 &&
-	git read-tree -u --reset HEAD &&
-	git clean -d -f -f -q -x &&
-
-	git update-index --refresh &&
-	git diff-index --exit-code HEAD &&
+	pristine_detach initial &&
 
 	picked=\$(git rev-parse --short picked) &&
 	cat <<-EOF >expected &&
 	error: could not apply \$picked... picked
 	hint: after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths
 	hint: with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'
-	hint: and commit the result with 'git commit -c \$picked'
+	hint: and commit the result with 'git commit'
 	EOF
 	test_must_fail git cherry-pick picked 2>actual &&
 
-	test_cmp expected actual
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
 "
 
+test_expect_success 'failed cherry-pick sets CHERRY_PICK_HEAD' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick picked &&
+	test_cmp_rev picked CHERRY_PICK_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'successful cherry-pick does not set CHERRY_PICK_HEAD' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	git cherry-pick base &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify CHERRY_PICK_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick --no-commit does not set CHERRY_PICK_HEAD' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	git cherry-pick --no-commit base &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify CHERRY_PICK_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_CHERRY_PICK_HELP suppresses CHERRY_PICK_HEAD' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	(
+		GIT_CHERRY_PICK_HELP="and then do something else" &&
+		export GIT_CHERRY_PICK_HELP &&
+		test_must_fail git cherry-pick picked
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify CHERRY_PICK_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git reset clears CHERRY_PICK_HEAD' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick picked &&
+	git reset &&
+
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify CHERRY_PICK_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'failed commit does not clear CHERRY_PICK_HEAD' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick picked &&
+	test_must_fail git commit &&
+
+	test_cmp_rev picked CHERRY_PICK_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cancelled commit does not clear CHERRY_PICK_HEAD' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick picked &&
+	echo resolved >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git update-index --refresh -q &&
+	test_must_fail git diff-index --exit-code HEAD &&
+	(
+		GIT_EDITOR=false &&
+		export GIT_EDITOR &&
+		test_must_fail git commit
+	) &&
+
+	test_cmp_rev picked CHERRY_PICK_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'successful commit clears CHERRY_PICK_HEAD' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick picked &&
+	echo resolved >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit &&
+
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify CHERRY_PICK_HEAD
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'failed cherry-pick produces dirty index' '
-
-	git checkout -f initial^0 &&
-	git read-tree -u --reset HEAD &&
-	git clean -d -f -f -q -x &&
-
-	git update-index --refresh &&
-	git diff-index --exit-code HEAD &&
+	pristine_detach initial &&
 
 	test_must_fail git cherry-pick picked &&
 
@@ -74,9 +143,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'failed cherry-pick registers participants in index' '
-
-	git read-tree -u --reset HEAD &&
-	git clean -d -f -f -q -x &&
+	pristine_detach initial &&
 	{
 		git checkout base -- foo &&
 		git ls-files --stage foo &&
@@ -90,10 +157,7 @@
 		2 s/ 0	/ 2	/
 		3 s/ 0	/ 3	/
 	" < stages > expected &&
-	git checkout -f initial^0 &&
-
-	git update-index --refresh &&
-	git diff-index --exit-code HEAD &&
+	git read-tree -u --reset HEAD &&
 
 	test_must_fail git cherry-pick picked &&
 	git ls-files --stage --unmerged > actual &&
@@ -102,10 +166,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'failed cherry-pick describes conflict in work tree' '
-
-	git checkout -f initial^0 &&
-	git read-tree -u --reset HEAD &&
-	git clean -d -f -f -q -x &&
+	pristine_detach initial &&
 	cat <<-EOF > expected &&
 	<<<<<<< HEAD
 	a
@@ -114,9 +175,6 @@
 	>>>>>>> objid picked
 	EOF
 
-	git update-index --refresh &&
-	git diff-index --exit-code HEAD &&
-
 	test_must_fail git cherry-pick picked &&
 
 	sed "s/[a-f0-9]*\.\.\./objid/" foo > actual &&
@@ -124,11 +182,8 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'diff3 -m style' '
-
+	pristine_detach initial &&
 	git config merge.conflictstyle diff3 &&
-	git checkout -f initial^0 &&
-	git read-tree -u --reset HEAD &&
-	git clean -d -f -f -q -x &&
 	cat <<-EOF > expected &&
 	<<<<<<< HEAD
 	a
@@ -139,9 +194,6 @@
 	>>>>>>> objid picked
 	EOF
 
-	git update-index --refresh &&
-	git diff-index --exit-code HEAD &&
-
 	test_must_fail git cherry-pick picked &&
 
 	sed "s/[a-f0-9]*\.\.\./objid/" foo > actual &&
@@ -149,10 +201,8 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'revert also handles conflicts sanely' '
-
 	git config --unset merge.conflictstyle &&
-	git read-tree -u --reset HEAD &&
-	git clean -d -f -f -q -x &&
+	pristine_detach initial &&
 	cat <<-EOF > expected &&
 	<<<<<<< HEAD
 	a
@@ -173,10 +223,7 @@
 		2 s/ 0	/ 2	/
 		3 s/ 0	/ 3	/
 	" < stages > expected-stages &&
-	git checkout -f initial^0 &&
-
-	git update-index --refresh &&
-	git diff-index --exit-code HEAD &&
+	git read-tree -u --reset HEAD &&
 
 	head=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 	test_must_fail git revert picked &&
@@ -192,10 +239,8 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'revert conflict, diff3 -m style' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
 	git config merge.conflictstyle diff3 &&
-	git checkout -f initial^0 &&
-	git read-tree -u --reset HEAD &&
-	git clean -d -f -f -q -x &&
 	cat <<-EOF > expected &&
 	<<<<<<< HEAD
 	a
@@ -206,9 +251,6 @@
 	>>>>>>> parent of objid picked
 	EOF
 
-	git update-index --refresh &&
-	git diff-index --exit-code HEAD &&
-
 	test_must_fail git revert picked &&
 
 	sed "s/[a-f0-9]*\.\.\./objid/" foo > actual &&
diff --git a/t/t3509-cherry-pick-merge-df.sh b/t/t3509-cherry-pick-merge-df.sh
index a5ccdbf..df921d1 100755
--- a/t/t3509-cherry-pick-merge-df.sh
+++ b/t/t3509-cherry-pick-merge-df.sh
@@ -3,12 +3,14 @@
 test_description='Test cherry-pick with directory/file conflicts'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'Setup rename across paths each below D/F conflicts' '
+test_expect_success 'Initialize repository' '
 	mkdir a &&
 	>a/f &&
 	git add a &&
-	git commit -m a &&
+	git commit -m a
+'
 
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'Setup rename across paths each below D/F conflicts' '
 	mkdir b &&
 	ln -s ../a b/a &&
 	git add b &&
@@ -32,4 +34,70 @@
 	git cherry-pick branch
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'Setup rename with file on one side matching directory name on other' '
+	git checkout --orphan nick-testcase &&
+	git rm -rf . &&
+
+	>empty &&
+	git add empty &&
+	git commit -m "Empty file" &&
+
+	git checkout -b simple &&
+	mv empty file &&
+	mkdir empty &&
+	mv file empty &&
+	git add empty/file &&
+	git commit -m "Empty file under empty dir" &&
+
+	echo content >newfile &&
+	git add newfile &&
+	git commit -m "New file"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Cherry-pick succeeds with was_a_dir/file -> was_a_dir (resolve)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -q nick-testcase^0 &&
+	git cherry-pick --strategy=resolve simple
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Cherry-pick succeeds with was_a_dir/file -> was_a_dir (recursive)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -q nick-testcase^0 &&
+	git cherry-pick --strategy=recursive simple
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Setup rename with file on one side matching different dirname on other' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout --orphan mergeme &&
+	git rm -rf . &&
+
+	mkdir sub &&
+	mkdir othersub &&
+	echo content > sub/file &&
+	echo foo > othersub/whatever &&
+	git add -A &&
+	git commit -m "Common commmit" &&
+
+	git rm -rf othersub &&
+	git mv sub/file othersub &&
+	git commit -m "Commit to merge" &&
+
+	git checkout -b newhead mergeme~1 &&
+	>independent-change &&
+	git add independent-change &&
+	git commit -m "Completely unrelated change"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Cherry-pick with rename to different D/F conflict succeeds (resolve)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -q newhead^0 &&
+	git cherry-pick --strategy=resolve mergeme
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Cherry-pick with rename to different D/F conflict succeeds (recursive)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -q newhead^0 &&
+	git cherry-pick --strategy=recursive mergeme
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3600-rm.sh b/t/t3600-rm.sh
index b26cabd..9fd28bcf 100755
--- a/t/t3600-rm.sh
+++ b/t/t3600-rm.sh
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@
     "git rm -f 'space embedded' 'tab	embedded' 'newline
 embedded'"
 
-test_expect_success RO_DIR 'Test that "git rm -f" fails if its rm fails' '
+test_expect_success SANITY 'Test that "git rm -f" fails if its rm fails' '
 	chmod a-w . &&
 	test_must_fail git rm -f baz &&
 	chmod 775 .
@@ -240,11 +240,10 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'choking "git rm" should not let it die with cruft' '
 	git reset -q --hard &&
-	H=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 &&
 	i=0 &&
 	while test $i -lt 12000
 	do
-	    echo "100644 $H 0	some-file-$i"
+	    echo "100644 $_z40 0	some-file-$i"
 	    i=$(( $i + 1 ))
 	done | git update-index --index-info &&
 	git rm -n "some-file-*" | :;
diff --git a/t/t3700-add.sh b/t/t3700-add.sh
index ec71083..575d9508 100755
--- a/t/t3700-add.sh
+++ b/t/t3700-add.sh
@@ -268,8 +268,12 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'git add --dry-run of non-existing file' "
 	echo ignored-file >>.gitignore &&
-	test_must_fail git add --dry-run track-this ignored-file >actual 2>&1 &&
-	echo \"fatal: pathspec 'ignored-file' did not match any files\" | test_cmp - actual
+	test_must_fail git add --dry-run track-this ignored-file >actual 2>&1
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'git add --dry-run of an existing file output' "
+	echo \"fatal: pathspec 'ignored-file' did not match any files\" >expect &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
 "
 
 cat >expect.err <<\EOF
@@ -283,9 +287,12 @@
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'git add --dry-run --ignore-missing of non-existing file' '
-	test_must_fail git add --dry-run --ignore-missing track-this ignored-file >actual.out 2>actual.err &&
-	test_cmp expect.out actual.out &&
-	test_cmp expect.err actual.err
+	test_must_fail git add --dry-run --ignore-missing track-this ignored-file >actual.out 2>actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git add --dry-run --ignore-missing of non-existing file output' '
+	test_i18ncmp expect.out actual.out &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3701-add-interactive.sh b/t/t3701-add-interactive.sh
index d6327e7..9e236f9 100755
--- a/t/t3701-add-interactive.sh
+++ b/t/t3701-add-interactive.sh
@@ -82,10 +82,9 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'setup fake editor' '
-	cat >fake_editor.sh <<EOF
-	EOF
+	>fake_editor.sh &&
 	chmod a+x fake_editor.sh &&
-	test_set_editor "$(pwd)/fake_editor.sh" &&
+	test_set_editor "$(pwd)/fake_editor.sh"
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'dummy edit works' '
@@ -295,4 +294,40 @@
 	test_cmp expected diff
 '
 
+test_expect_success PERL 'split hunk setup' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	for i in 10 20 30 40 50 60
+	do
+		echo $i
+	done >test &&
+	git add test &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m test &&
+
+	for i in 10 15 20 21 22 23 24 30 40 50 60
+	do
+		echo $i
+	done >test
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'split hunk "add -p (edit)"' '
+	# Split, say Edit and do nothing.  Then:
+	#
+	# 1. Broken version results in a patch that does not apply and
+	# only takes [y/n] (edit again) so the first q is discarded
+	# and then n attempts to discard the edit. Repeat q enough
+	# times to get out.
+	#
+	# 2. Correct version applies the (not)edited version, and asks
+	#    about the next hunk, against wich we say q and program
+	#    exits.
+	for a in s e     q n q q
+	do
+		echo $a
+	done |
+	EDITOR=: git add -p &&
+	git diff >actual &&
+	! grep "^+15" actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3900-i18n-commit.sh b/t/t3900-i18n-commit.sh
index 256c4c9..c06a5ee 100755
--- a/t/t3900-i18n-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t3900-i18n-commit.sh
@@ -133,4 +133,33 @@
 	'
 done
 
+test_commit_autosquash_flags () {
+	H=$1
+	flag=$2
+	test_expect_success "commit --$flag with $H encoding" '
+		git config i18n.commitencoding $H &&
+		git checkout -b $H-$flag C0 &&
+		echo $H >>F &&
+		git commit -a -F "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/$H.txt &&
+		test_tick &&
+		echo intermediate stuff >>G &&
+		git add G &&
+		git commit -a -m "intermediate commit" &&
+		test_tick &&
+		echo $H $flag >>F &&
+		git commit -a --$flag HEAD~1 $3 &&
+		E=$(git cat-file commit '$H-$flag' |
+			sed -ne "s/^encoding //p") &&
+		test "z$E" = "z$H" &&
+		git config --unset-all i18n.commitencoding &&
+		git rebase --autosquash -i HEAD^^^ &&
+		git log --oneline >actual &&
+		test 3 = $(wc -l <actual)
+	'
+}
+
+test_commit_autosquash_flags eucJP fixup
+
+test_commit_autosquash_flags ISO-2022-JP squash '-m "squash message"'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3902-quoted.sh b/t/t3902-quoted.sh
index 7d49469..da82b65 100755
--- a/t/t3902-quoted.sh
+++ b/t/t3902-quoted.sh
@@ -36,19 +36,19 @@
 test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'setup' '
 
 	mkdir "$FN" &&
-	for_each_name "echo initial >\"\$name\""
+	for_each_name "echo initial >\"\$name\"" &&
 	git add . &&
 	git commit -q -m Initial &&
 
 	for_each_name "echo second >\"\$name\"" &&
-	git commit -a -m Second
+	git commit -a -m Second &&
 
 	for_each_name "echo modified >\"\$name\""
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'setup expected files' '
-cat >expect.quoted <<\EOF
+cat >expect.quoted <<\EOF &&
 Name
 "Name and a\nLF"
 "Name and an\tHT"
diff --git a/t/t3903-stash.sh b/t/t3903-stash.sh
index 903a122..5c72540 100755
--- a/t/t3903-stash.sh
+++ b/t/t3903-stash.sh
@@ -37,14 +37,32 @@
 	test_cmp output expect
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'apply needs clean working directory' '
-	echo 4 > other-file &&
+test_expect_success 'applying bogus stash does nothing' '
+	test_must_fail git stash apply stash@{1} &&
+	echo 1 >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply does not need clean working directory' '
+	echo 4 >other-file &&
 	git add other-file &&
-	echo 5 > other-file &&
-	test_must_fail git stash apply
+	echo 5 >other-file &&
+	git stash apply &&
+	echo 3 >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply does not clobber working directory changes' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo 4 >file &&
+	test_must_fail git stash apply &&
+	echo 4 >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'apply stashed changes' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo 5 >other-file &&
 	git add other-file &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m other-file &&
@@ -157,7 +175,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'stash branch' '
 	echo foo > file &&
-	git commit file -m first
+	git commit file -m first &&
 	echo bar > file &&
 	echo bar2 > file2 &&
 	git add file2 &&
@@ -218,6 +236,14 @@
 	test bar,bar4 = $(cat file),$(cat file2)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'stash --no-keep-index' '
+	echo bar33 > file &&
+	echo bar44 > file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git stash --no-keep-index &&
+	test bar,bar2 = $(cat file),$(cat file2)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'stash --invalid-option' '
 	echo bar5 > file &&
 	echo bar6 > file2 &&
@@ -255,7 +281,7 @@
 	echo file >.gitignore &&
 	git stash save "rm and ignore" &&
 	test bar = "$(cat file)" &&
-	test file = "$(cat .gitignore)"
+	test file = "$(cat .gitignore)" &&
 	git stash apply &&
 	! test -r file &&
 	test file = "$(cat .gitignore)"
@@ -268,7 +294,7 @@
 	git add .gitignore &&
 	git stash save "rm and ignore (stage .gitignore)" &&
 	test bar = "$(cat file)" &&
-	! test -r .gitignore
+	! test -r .gitignore &&
 	git stash apply &&
 	! test -r file &&
 	test file = "$(cat .gitignore)"
@@ -537,11 +563,11 @@
 	echo bar6 > file2 &&
 	git add file2 &&
 	git stash &&
-	test_must_fail git drop stash@{1} &&
-	test_must_fail git pop stash@{1} &&
-	test_must_fail git apply stash@{1} &&
-	test_must_fail git show stash@{1} &&
-	test_must_fail git branch tmp stash@{1} &&
+	test_must_fail git stash drop stash@{1} &&
+	test_must_fail git stash pop stash@{1} &&
+	test_must_fail git stash apply stash@{1} &&
+	test_must_fail git stash show stash@{1} &&
+	test_must_fail git stash branch tmp stash@{1} &&
 	git stash drop
 '
 
@@ -556,4 +582,23 @@
 	git rev-parse stash@{0} --
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'stash apply shows status same as git status (relative to current directory)' '
+	git stash clear &&
+	echo 1 >subdir/subfile1 &&
+	echo 2 >subdir/subfile2 &&
+	git add subdir/subfile1 &&
+	git commit -m subdir &&
+	(
+		cd subdir &&
+		echo x >subfile1 &&
+		echo x >../file &&
+		git status >../expect &&
+		git stash &&
+		sane_unset GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY &&
+		git stash apply
+	) |
+	sed -e 1,2d >actual && # drop "Saved..." and "HEAD is now..."
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3904-stash-patch.sh b/t/t3904-stash-patch.sh
index d1819ca..781fd71 100755
--- a/t/t3904-stash-patch.sh
+++ b/t/t3904-stash-patch.sh
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 # note: bar sorts before dir, so the first 'n' is always to skip 'bar'
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'saying "n" does nothing' '
-	set_state dir/foo work index
+	set_state dir/foo work index &&
 	(echo n; echo n) | test_must_fail git stash save -p &&
 	verify_state dir/foo work index &&
 	verify_saved_state bar
@@ -48,6 +48,18 @@
 	verify_state bar dummy bar_index
 '
 
+test_expect_success PERL 'git stash --no-keep-index -p' '
+	set_state dir/foo work index &&
+	set_state bar bar_work bar_index &&
+	(echo n; echo y) | git stash save --no-keep-index -p &&
+	verify_state dir/foo head head &&
+	verify_state bar bar_work dummy &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git stash apply --index &&
+	verify_state dir/foo work index &&
+	verify_state bar dummy bar_index
+'
+
 test_expect_success PERL 'none of this moved HEAD' '
 	verify_saved_head
 '
diff --git a/t/t4001-diff-rename.sh b/t/t4001-diff-rename.sh
index 71bac83..844277c 100755
--- a/t/t4001-diff-rename.sh
+++ b/t/t4001-diff-rename.sh
@@ -71,10 +71,35 @@
 	git rm path1 &&
 	mkdir subdir &&
 	git mv another-path subdir/path1 &&
-	git status | grep "renamed: .*path1 -> subdir/path1"'
+	git status | test_i18ngrep "renamed: .*path1 -> subdir/path1"'
 
-test_expect_success  'favour same basenames even with minor differences' '
+test_expect_success 'favour same basenames even with minor differences' '
 	git show HEAD:path1 | sed "s/15/16/" > subdir/path1 &&
-	git status | grep "renamed: .*path1 -> subdir/path1"'
+	git status | test_i18ngrep "renamed: .*path1 -> subdir/path1"'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup for many rename source candidates' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	for i in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9;
+	do
+		for j in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9;
+		do
+			echo "$i$j" >"path$i$j"
+		done
+	done &&
+	git add "path??" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "hundred" &&
+	(cat path1; echo new) >new-path &&
+	echo old >>path1 &&
+	git add new-path path1 &&
+	git diff -l 4 -C -C --cached --name-status >actual 2>actual.err &&
+	sed -e "s/^\([CM]\)[0-9]*	/\1	/" actual >actual.munged &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	C	path1	new-path
+	M	path1
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual.munged &&
+	grep warning actual.err
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4002-diff-basic.sh b/t/t4002-diff-basic.sh
index 73441a5..a5e8b83 100755
--- a/t/t4002-diff-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t4002-diff-basic.sh
@@ -126,15 +126,12 @@
 :100644 100644 3fdbe17fd013303a2e981e1ca1c6cd6e72789087 7e09d6a3a14bd630913e8c75693cea32157b606d M	Z/NM
 EOF
 
-x40='[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]'
-x40="$x40$x40$x40$x40$x40$x40$x40$x40"
-z40='0000000000000000000000000000000000000000'
 cmp_diff_files_output () {
     # diff-files never reports additions.  Also it does not fill in the
     # object ID for the changed files because it wants you to look at the
     # filesystem.
     sed <"$2" >.test-tmp \
-	-e '/^:000000 /d;s/'$x40'\( [MCRNDU][0-9]*\)	/'$z40'\1	/' &&
+	-e '/^:000000 /d;s/'$_x40'\( [MCRNDU][0-9]*\)	/'$_z40'\1	/' &&
     test_cmp "$1" .test-tmp
 }
 
@@ -205,8 +202,8 @@
     'rm -fr Z [A-Z][A-Z] &&
      git read-tree $tree_A &&
      git checkout-index -f -a &&
-     git read-tree --reset $tree_O || return 1
-     git update-index --refresh >/dev/null ;# this can exit non-zero
+     git read-tree --reset $tree_O &&
+     test_must_fail git update-index --refresh -q &&
      git diff-files >.test-a &&
      cmp_diff_files_output .test-a .test-recursive-OA'
 
@@ -215,8 +212,8 @@
     'rm -fr Z [A-Z][A-Z] &&
      git read-tree $tree_B &&
      git checkout-index -f -a &&
-     git read-tree --reset $tree_O || return 1
-     git update-index --refresh >/dev/null ;# this can exit non-zero
+     git read-tree --reset $tree_O &&
+     test_must_fail git update-index --refresh -q &&
      git diff-files >.test-a &&
      cmp_diff_files_output .test-a .test-recursive-OB'
 
@@ -225,8 +222,8 @@
     'rm -fr Z [A-Z][A-Z] &&
      git read-tree $tree_B &&
      git checkout-index -f -a &&
-     git read-tree --reset $tree_A || return 1
-     git update-index --refresh >/dev/null ;# this can exit non-zero
+     git read-tree --reset $tree_A &&
+     test_must_fail git update-index --refresh -q &&
      git diff-files >.test-a &&
      cmp_diff_files_output .test-a .test-recursive-AB'
 
diff --git a/t/t4003-diff-rename-1.sh b/t/t4003-diff-rename-1.sh
index c6130c4..bfa8835 100755
--- a/t/t4003-diff-rename-1.sh
+++ b/t/t4003-diff-rename-1.sh
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 # copy-and-edit one, and rename-and-edit the other.  We do not say
 # anything about rezrov.
 
-GIT_DIFF_OPTS=--unified=0 git diff-index -M -p $tree >current
+GIT_DIFF_OPTS=--unified=0 git diff-index -C -p $tree >current
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 diff --git a/COPYING b/COPYING.1
 copy from COPYING
diff --git a/t/t4004-diff-rename-symlink.sh b/t/t4004-diff-rename-symlink.sh
index 92a65f4..6e562c8 100755
--- a/t/t4004-diff-rename-symlink.sh
+++ b/t/t4004-diff-rename-symlink.sh
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 # a new creation.
 
 test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'setup diff output' "
-    GIT_DIFF_OPTS=--unified=0 git diff-index -M -p $tree >current &&
+    GIT_DIFF_OPTS=--unified=0 git diff-index -C -p $tree >current &&
     cat >expected <<\EOF
 diff --git a/bozbar b/bozbar
 new file mode 120000
diff --git a/t/t4005-diff-rename-2.sh b/t/t4005-diff-rename-2.sh
index 1ba359d..77d7f49 100755
--- a/t/t4005-diff-rename-2.sh
+++ b/t/t4005-diff-rename-2.sh
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 # and COPYING.2 are based on COPYING, and do not say anything about
 # rezrov.
 
-git diff-index -M $tree >current
+git diff-index -C $tree >current
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 0603b3238a076dc6c8022aedc6648fa523a17178 C1234	COPYING	COPYING.1
diff --git a/t/t4008-diff-break-rewrite.sh b/t/t4008-diff-break-rewrite.sh
index e19ca65..73b4a24 100755
--- a/t/t4008-diff-break-rewrite.sh
+++ b/t/t4008-diff-break-rewrite.sh
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@
      git checkout-index -f -u -a &&
      sed -e "s/git/GIT/" file0 >file1 &&
      sed -e "s/git/GET/" file0 >file2 &&
-     rm -f file0
+     rm -f file0 &&
      git update-index --add --remove file0 file1 file2'
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -173,8 +173,8 @@
     'compare_diff_raw expected current'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'run diff with -B -M' \
-    'git diff-index -B -M "$tree" >current'
+    'run diff with -B -C' \
+    'git diff-index -B -C "$tree" >current'
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 f5deac7be59e7eeab8657fd9ae706fd6a57daed2 08bb2fb671deff4c03a4d4a0a1315dff98d5732c C095	file0	file1
diff --git a/t/t4009-diff-rename-4.sh b/t/t4009-diff-rename-4.sh
index de3f174..f22c8e3 100755
--- a/t/t4009-diff-rename-4.sh
+++ b/t/t4009-diff-rename-4.sh
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 # and COPYING.2 are based on COPYING, and do not say anything about
 # rezrov.
 
-git diff-index -z -M $tree >current
+git diff-index -z -C $tree >current
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 0603b3238a076dc6c8022aedc6648fa523a17178 C1234
diff --git a/t/t4010-diff-pathspec.sh b/t/t4010-diff-pathspec.sh
index 94df7ae..fbc8cd8 100755
--- a/t/t4010-diff-pathspec.sh
+++ b/t/t4010-diff-pathspec.sh
@@ -70,4 +70,36 @@
 	test_cmp expected current
 '
 
+EMPTY_TREE=4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-tree with wildcard shows dir also matches' '
+	git diff-tree --name-only $EMPTY_TREE $tree -- "f*" >result &&
+	echo file0 >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected result
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-tree -r with wildcard' '
+	git diff-tree -r --name-only $EMPTY_TREE $tree -- "*file1" >result &&
+	echo path1/file1 >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected result
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-tree with wildcard shows dir also matches' '
+	git diff-tree --name-only $tree $tree2 -- "path1/f*" >result &&
+	echo path1 >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected result
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-tree -r with wildcard from beginning' '
+	git diff-tree -r --name-only $tree $tree2 -- "path1/*file1" >result &&
+	echo path1/file1 >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected result
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-tree -r with wildcard' '
+	git diff-tree -r --name-only $tree $tree2 -- "path1/f*" >result &&
+	echo path1/file1 >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected result
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh b/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh
index 6f69489..408a19c 100755
--- a/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh
+++ b/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh
@@ -88,4 +88,30 @@
     test_must_fail git diff --no-index pinky brain > output 2> output.err &&
     grep narf output &&
     ! grep error output.err'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'setup symlinks with attributes' '
+	echo "*.bin diff=bin" >>.gitattributes &&
+	echo content >file.bin &&
+	ln -s file.bin link.bin &&
+	git add -N file.bin link.bin
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+diff --git a/file.bin b/file.bin
+index e69de29..d95f3ad 100644
+Binary files a/file.bin and b/file.bin differ
+diff --git a/link.bin b/link.bin
+index e69de29..dce41ec 120000
+--- a/link.bin
++++ b/link.bin
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++file.bin
+\ No newline at end of file
+EOF
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'symlinks do not respect userdiff config by path' '
+	git config diff.bin.binary true &&
+	git diff file.bin link.bin >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4012-diff-binary.sh b/t/t4012-diff-binary.sh
index bc46563..05ec062 100755
--- a/t/t4012-diff-binary.sh
+++ b/t/t4012-diff-binary.sh
@@ -77,10 +77,6 @@
 	 tree1=`git write-tree` &&
 	 test "$tree1" = "$tree0"'
 
-nul_to_q() {
-	perl -pe 'y/\000/Q/'
-}
-
 test_expect_success 'diff --no-index with binary creation' '
 	echo Q | q_to_nul >binary &&
 	(: hide error code from diff, which just indicates differences
diff --git a/t/t4013-diff-various.sh b/t/t4013-diff-various.sh
index 9a66520..93a6f20 100755
--- a/t/t4013-diff-various.sh
+++ b/t/t4013-diff-various.sh
@@ -80,18 +80,31 @@
 
 	git config log.showroot false &&
 	git commit --amend &&
+
+	GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2006-06-26 00:06:00 +0000" &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2006-06-26 00:06:00 +0000" &&
+	export GIT_AUTHOR_DATE GIT_COMMITTER_DATE &&
+	git checkout -b rearrange initial &&
+	for i in B A; do echo $i; done >dir/sub &&
+	git add dir/sub &&
+	git commit -m "Rearranged lines in dir/sub" &&
+	git checkout master &&
+
 	git show-branch
 '
 
 : <<\EOF
 ! [initial] Initial
  * [master] Merge branch 'side'
-  ! [side] Side
----
- -  [master] Merge branch 'side'
- *+ [side] Side
- *  [master^] Second
-+*+ [initial] Initial
+  ! [rearrange] Rearranged lines in dir/sub
+   ! [side] Side
+----
+  +  [rearrange] Rearranged lines in dir/sub
+ -   [master] Merge branch 'side'
+ * + [side] Side
+ *   [master^] Third
+ *   [master~2] Second
++*++ [initial] Initial
 EOF
 
 V=`git version | sed -e 's/^git version //' -e 's/\./\\./g'`
@@ -210,6 +223,9 @@
 log -SF master
 log -S F master
 log -SF -p master
+log -SF master --max-count=0
+log -SF master --max-count=1
+log -SF master --max-count=2
 log -GF master
 log -GF -p master
 log -GF -p --pickaxe-all master
@@ -284,10 +300,23 @@
 diff --no-index dir dir3
 diff master master^ side
 diff --dirstat master~1 master~2
+diff --dirstat initial rearrange
+diff --dirstat-by-file initial rearrange
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'log -S requires an argument' '
 	test_must_fail git log -S
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'diff --cached on unborn branch' '
+	echo ref: refs/heads/unborn >.git/HEAD &&
+	git diff --cached >result &&
+	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4013/diff.diff_--cached" result
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff --cached -- file on unborn branch' '
+	git diff --cached -- file0 >result &&
+	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4013/diff.diff_--cached_--_file0" result
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--cached b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--cached
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ff16e83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--cached
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..992913c
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
++A
++B
++C
++D
++E
++F
++1
++2
+diff --git a/file0 b/file0
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..10a8a9f
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file0
+@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
++1
++2
++3
++4
++5
++6
++A
++B
++C
+diff --git a/file1 b/file1
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..b1e6722
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file1
+@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
++A
++B
++C
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--cached_--_file0 b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--cached_--_file0
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b9bb858
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--cached_--_file0
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+diff --git a/file0 b/file0
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..10a8a9f
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file0
+@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
++1
++2
++3
++4
++5
++6
++A
++B
++C
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--dirstat-by-file_initial_rearrange b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--dirstat-by-file_initial_rearrange
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e48e33f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--dirstat-by-file_initial_rearrange
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+$ git diff --dirstat-by-file initial rearrange
+ 100.0% dir/
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--dirstat_initial_rearrange b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--dirstat_initial_rearrange
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5fb02c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--dirstat_initial_rearrange
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+$ git diff --dirstat initial rearrange
+ 100.0% dir/
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--cover-letter_-n_initial..master^ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--cover-letter_-n_initial..master^
index 1f0f9ad..3b4e113 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--cover-letter_-n_initial..master^
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--cover-letter_-n_initial..master^
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 $ git format-patch --stdout --cover-letter -n initial..master^
 From 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
-Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:05:00 +0000
+Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:06:00 +0000
 Subject: [DIFFERENT_PREFIX 0/2] *** SUBJECT HERE ***
 
 *** BLURB HERE ***
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate=full_--all b/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate=full_--all
index d155e0b..44d4525 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate=full_--all
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate=full_--all
@@ -1,4 +1,10 @@
 $ git log --decorate=full --all
+commit cd4e72fd96faed3f0ba949dc42967430374e2290 (refs/heads/rearrange)
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:06:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Rearranged lines in dir/sub
+
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64 (HEAD, refs/heads/master)
 Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate_--all b/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate_--all
index fd7c3e6..27d3eab 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate_--all
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate_--all
@@ -1,4 +1,10 @@
 $ git log --decorate --all
+commit cd4e72fd96faed3f0ba949dc42967430374e2290 (rearrange)
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:06:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Rearranged lines in dir/sub
+
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64 (HEAD, master)
 Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_-SF_master_--max-count=0 b/t/t4013/diff.log_-SF_master_--max-count=0
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c1fc6c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_-SF_master_--max-count=0
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+$ git log -SF master --max-count=0
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_-SF_master_--max-count=1 b/t/t4013/diff.log_-SF_master_--max-count=1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c981a03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_-SF_master_--max-count=1
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+$ git log -SF master --max-count=1
+commit 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:02:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Third
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_-SF_master_--max-count=2 b/t/t4013/diff.log_-SF_master_--max-count=2
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a6c55fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_-SF_master_--max-count=2
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+$ git log -SF master --max-count=2
+commit 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:02:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Third
+$
diff --git a/t/t4014-format-patch.sh b/t/t4014-format-patch.sh
index 07bf6eb..4a3bf5b 100755
--- a/t/t4014-format-patch.sh
+++ b/t/t4014-format-patch.sh
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 test_description='various format-patch tests'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-terminal.sh
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 
@@ -615,11 +616,11 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'options no longer allowed for format-patch' '
 	test_must_fail git format-patch --name-only 2> output &&
-	test_cmp expect.name-only output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.name-only output &&
 	test_must_fail git format-patch --name-status 2> output &&
-	test_cmp expect.name-status output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.name-status output &&
 	test_must_fail git format-patch --check 2> output &&
-	test_cmp expect.check output'
+	test_i18ncmp expect.check output'
 
 test_expect_success 'format-patch --numstat should produce a patch' '
 	git format-patch --numstat --stdout master..side > output &&
@@ -686,4 +687,152 @@
 	! grep "^-- \$" output
 '
 
+test_expect_success TTY 'format-patch --stdout paginates' '
+	rm -f pager_used &&
+	(
+		GIT_PAGER="wc >pager_used" &&
+		export GIT_PAGER &&
+		test_terminal git format-patch --stdout --all
+	) &&
+	test_path_is_file pager_used
+'
+
+ test_expect_success TTY 'format-patch --stdout pagination can be disabled' '
+	rm -f pager_used &&
+	(
+		GIT_PAGER="wc >pager_used" &&
+		export GIT_PAGER &&
+		test_terminal git --no-pager format-patch --stdout --all &&
+		test_terminal git -c "pager.format-patch=false" format-patch --stdout --all
+	) &&
+	test_path_is_missing pager_used &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/pager_used
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch handles multi-line subjects' '
+	rm -rf patches/ &&
+	echo content >>file &&
+	for i in one two three; do echo $i; done >msg &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -F msg &&
+	git format-patch -o patches -1 &&
+	grep ^Subject: patches/0001-one.patch >actual &&
+	echo "Subject: [PATCH] one two three" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch handles multi-line encoded subjects' '
+	rm -rf patches/ &&
+	echo content >>file &&
+	for i in en två tre; do echo $i; done >msg &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -F msg &&
+	git format-patch -o patches -1 &&
+	grep ^Subject: patches/0001-en.patch >actual &&
+	echo "Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?en=20tv=C3=A5=20tre?=" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+M8="foo bar "
+M64=$M8$M8$M8$M8$M8$M8$M8$M8
+M512=$M64$M64$M64$M64$M64$M64$M64$M64
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+Subject: [PATCH] foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo
+ bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar
+ foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo
+ bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar
+ foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo
+ bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar
+ foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo
+ bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar
+ foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'format-patch wraps extremely long headers (ascii)' '
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m "$M512" &&
+	git format-patch --stdout -1 >patch &&
+	sed -n "/^Subject/p; /^ /p; /^$/q" <patch >subject &&
+	test_cmp expect subject
+'
+
+M8="föö bar "
+M64=$M8$M8$M8$M8$M8$M8$M8$M8
+M512=$M64$M64$M64$M64$M64$M64$M64$M64
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar?=
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'format-patch wraps extremely long headers (rfc2047)' '
+	rm -rf patches/ &&
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m "$M512" &&
+	git format-patch --stdout -1 >patch &&
+	sed -n "/^Subject/p; /^ /p; /^$/q" <patch >subject &&
+	test_cmp expect subject
+'
+
+check_author() {
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=$1 git commit -m author-check &&
+	git format-patch --stdout -1 >patch &&
+	grep ^From: patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+}
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+From: "Foo B. Bar" <author@example.com>
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'format-patch quotes dot in headers' '
+	check_author "Foo B. Bar"
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+From: "Foo \"The Baz\" Bar" <author@example.com>
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'format-patch quotes double-quote in headers' '
+	check_author "Foo \"The Baz\" Bar"
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+From: =?UTF-8?q?"F=C3=B6o=20B.=20Bar"?= <author@example.com>
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'rfc2047-encoded headers also double-quote 822 specials' '
+	check_author "Föo B. Bar"
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+Subject: header with . in it
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'subject lines do not have 822 atom-quoting' '
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m "header with . in it" &&
+	git format-patch -k -1 --stdout >patch &&
+	grep ^Subject: patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4015-diff-whitespace.sh b/t/t4015-diff-whitespace.sh
index 935d101..9059bcd 100755
--- a/t/t4015-diff-whitespace.sh
+++ b/t/t4015-diff-whitespace.sh
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'check spaces as indentation (indent-with-non-tab: off)' '
 
-	git config core.whitespace "-indent-with-non-tab"
+	git config core.whitespace "-indent-with-non-tab" &&
 	echo "        foo ();" > x &&
 	git diff --check
 
@@ -344,6 +344,13 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'ditto, but tabwidth=9' '
+
+	git config core.whitespace "indent-with-non-tab,tabwidth=9" &&
+	git diff --check
+
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'check tabs and spaces as indentation (indent-with-non-tab: on)' '
 
 	git config core.whitespace "indent-with-non-tab" &&
@@ -352,6 +359,20 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'ditto, but tabwidth=10' '
+
+	git config core.whitespace "indent-with-non-tab,tabwidth=10" &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --check
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ditto, but tabwidth=20' '
+
+	git config core.whitespace "indent-with-non-tab,tabwidth=20" &&
+	git diff --check
+
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'check tabs as indentation (tab-in-indent: off)' '
 
 	git config core.whitespace "-tab-in-indent" &&
@@ -376,6 +397,13 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'ditto, but tabwidth=1 (must be irrelevant)' '
+
+	git config core.whitespace "tab-in-indent,tabwidth=1" &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --check
+
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'check tab-in-indent and indent-with-non-tab conflict' '
 
 	git config core.whitespace "tab-in-indent,indent-with-non-tab" &&
@@ -491,4 +519,41 @@
 
 '
 
+# Start testing the colored format for whitespace checks
+
+test_expect_success 'setup diff colors' '
+	git config color.diff always &&
+	git config color.diff.plain normal &&
+	git config color.diff.meta bold &&
+	git config color.diff.frag cyan &&
+	git config color.diff.func normal &&
+	git config color.diff.old red &&
+	git config color.diff.new green &&
+	git config color.diff.commit yellow &&
+	git config color.diff.whitespace "normal red" &&
+
+	git config core.autocrlf false
+'
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+<BOLD>diff --git a/x b/x<RESET>
+<BOLD>index 9daeafb..2874b91 100644<RESET>
+<BOLD>--- a/x<RESET>
+<BOLD>+++ b/x<RESET>
+<CYAN>@@ -1 +1,4 @@<RESET>
+ test<RESET>
+<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>{<RESET>
+<GREEN>+<RESET><BRED>	<RESET>
+<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>}<RESET>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'diff that introduces a line with only tabs' '
+	git config core.whitespace blank-at-eol &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo "test" > x &&
+	git commit -m "initial" x &&
+	echo "{NTN}" | tr "NT" "\n\t" >> x &&
+	git -c color.diff=always diff | test_decode_color >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4017-diff-retval.sh b/t/t4017-diff-retval.sh
index 6158985..95a7ca7 100755
--- a/t/t4017-diff-retval.sh
+++ b/t/t4017-diff-retval.sh
@@ -29,66 +29,49 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git diff-tree HEAD^ HEAD' '
-	git diff-tree --exit-code HEAD^ HEAD
-	test $? = 1
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff-tree --exit-code HEAD^ HEAD
 '
 test_expect_success 'git diff-tree HEAD^ HEAD -- a' '
 	git diff-tree --exit-code HEAD^ HEAD -- a
-	test $? = 0
 '
 test_expect_success 'git diff-tree HEAD^ HEAD -- b' '
-	git diff-tree --exit-code HEAD^ HEAD -- b
-	test $? = 1
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff-tree --exit-code HEAD^ HEAD -- b
 '
 test_expect_success 'echo HEAD | git diff-tree --stdin' '
-	echo $(git rev-parse HEAD) | git diff-tree --exit-code --stdin
-	test $? = 1
+	echo $(git rev-parse HEAD) | test_expect_code 1 git diff-tree --exit-code --stdin
 '
 test_expect_success 'git diff-tree HEAD HEAD' '
 	git diff-tree --exit-code HEAD HEAD
-	test $? = 0
 '
 test_expect_success 'git diff-files' '
 	git diff-files --exit-code
-	test $? = 0
 '
 test_expect_success 'git diff-index --cached HEAD' '
 	git diff-index --exit-code --cached HEAD
-	test $? = 0
 '
 test_expect_success 'git diff-index --cached HEAD^' '
-	git diff-index --exit-code --cached HEAD^
-	test $? = 1
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff-index --exit-code --cached HEAD^
 '
 test_expect_success 'git diff-index --cached HEAD^' '
 	echo text >>b &&
 	echo 3 >c &&
-	git add . && {
-		git diff-index --exit-code --cached HEAD^
-		test $? = 1
-	}
+	git add . &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff-index --exit-code --cached HEAD^
 '
 test_expect_success 'git diff-tree -Stext HEAD^ HEAD -- b' '
-	git commit -m "text in b" && {
-		git diff-tree -p --exit-code -Stext HEAD^ HEAD -- b
-		test $? = 1
-	}
+	git commit -m "text in b" &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff-tree -p --exit-code -Stext HEAD^ HEAD -- b
 '
 test_expect_success 'git diff-tree -Snot-found HEAD^ HEAD -- b' '
 	git diff-tree -p --exit-code -Snot-found HEAD^ HEAD -- b
-	test $? = 0
 '
 test_expect_success 'git diff-files' '
-	echo 3 >>c && {
-		git diff-files --exit-code
-		test $? = 1
-	}
+	echo 3 >>c &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff-files --exit-code
 '
 test_expect_success 'git diff-index --cached HEAD' '
-	git update-index c && {
-		git diff-index --exit-code --cached HEAD
-		test $? = 1
-	}
+	git update-index c &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff-index --exit-code --cached HEAD
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--check --exit-code returns 0 for no difference' '
@@ -100,30 +83,26 @@
 test_expect_success '--check --exit-code returns 1 for a clean difference' '
 
 	echo "good" > a &&
-	git diff --check --exit-code
-	test $? = 1
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff --check --exit-code
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--check --exit-code returns 3 for a dirty difference' '
 
 	echo "bad   " >> a &&
-	git diff --check --exit-code
-	test $? = 3
+	test_expect_code 3 git diff --check --exit-code
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--check with --no-pager returns 2 for dirty difference' '
 
-	git --no-pager diff --check
-	test $? = 2
+	test_expect_code 2 git --no-pager diff --check
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check should test not just the last line' '
 	echo "" >>a &&
-	git --no-pager diff --check
-	test $? = 2
+	test_expect_code 2 git --no-pager diff --check
 
 '
 
@@ -133,10 +112,8 @@
 	echo binary >>b &&
 	git commit -m "side" b &&
 	test_must_fail git merge master &&
-	git add b && (
-		git --no-pager diff --cached --check >test.out
-		test $? = 2
-	) &&
+	git add b &&
+	test_expect_code 2 git --no-pager diff --cached --check >test.out &&
 	test 3 = $(grep "conflict marker" test.out | wc -l) &&
 	git reset --hard
 '
@@ -146,19 +123,13 @@
 	echo ">>>>>>> boo" >>b &&
 	echo "======" >>a &&
 	git diff --check a &&
-	(
-		git diff --check b
-		test $? = 2
-	) &&
+	test_expect_code 2 git diff --check b &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 	echo ">>>>>>>> boo" >>b &&
 	echo "========" >>a &&
 	git diff --check &&
 	echo "b conflict-marker-size=8" >.gitattributes &&
-	(
-		git diff --check b
-		test $? = 2
-	) &&
+	test_expect_code 2 git diff --check b &&
 	git diff --check a &&
 	git reset --hard
 '
diff --git a/t/t4018-diff-funcname.sh b/t/t4018-diff-funcname.sh
index 0a61b57..3646930 100755
--- a/t/t4018-diff-funcname.sh
+++ b/t/t4018-diff-funcname.sh
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 
 sed 's/beer\\/beer,\\/' < Beer.java > Beer-correct.java
 
-builtin_patterns="bibtex cpp csharp fortran html java objc pascal php python ruby tex"
+builtin_patterns="bibtex cpp csharp fortran html java objc pascal perl php python ruby tex"
 for p in $builtin_patterns
 do
 	test_expect_success "builtin $p pattern compiles" '
diff --git a/t/t4019-diff-wserror.sh b/t/t4019-diff-wserror.sh
index f6d1f1e..a501975 100755
--- a/t/t4019-diff-wserror.sh
+++ b/t/t4019-diff-wserror.sh
@@ -36,11 +36,12 @@
 	git diff --color >output
 	$grep_a "$blue_grep" output >error
 	$grep_a -v "$blue_grep" output >normal
+	return 0
 }
 
 test_expect_success default '
 
-	prepare_output
+	prepare_output &&
 
 	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
 	grep HT error >/dev/null &&
@@ -50,10 +51,67 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'default (attribute)' '
+
+	test_might_fail git config --unset core.whitespace &&
+	echo "F whitespace" >.gitattributes &&
+	prepare_output &&
+
+	grep Eight error >/dev/null &&
+	grep HT error >/dev/null &&
+	grep With error >/dev/null &&
+	grep Return error >/dev/null &&
+	grep No normal >/dev/null
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'default, tabwidth=10 (attribute)' '
+
+	git config core.whitespace "tabwidth=10" &&
+	echo "F whitespace" >.gitattributes &&
+	prepare_output &&
+
+	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep HT error >/dev/null &&
+	grep With error >/dev/null &&
+	grep Return error >/dev/null &&
+	grep No normal >/dev/null
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no check (attribute)' '
+
+	test_might_fail git config --unset core.whitespace &&
+	echo "F -whitespace" >.gitattributes &&
+	prepare_output &&
+
+	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep HT normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep With normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep Return normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep No normal >/dev/null
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no check, tabwidth=10 (attribute), must be irrelevant' '
+
+	git config core.whitespace "tabwidth=10" &&
+	echo "F -whitespace" >.gitattributes &&
+	prepare_output &&
+
+	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep HT normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep With normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep Return normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep No normal >/dev/null
+
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'without -trail' '
 
-	git config core.whitespace -trail
-	prepare_output
+	rm -f .gitattributes &&
+	git config core.whitespace -trail &&
+	prepare_output &&
 
 	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
 	grep HT error >/dev/null &&
@@ -65,9 +123,9 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'without -trail (attribute)' '
 
-	git config --unset core.whitespace
-	echo "F whitespace=-trail" >.gitattributes
-	prepare_output
+	test_might_fail git config --unset core.whitespace &&
+	echo "F whitespace=-trail" >.gitattributes &&
+	prepare_output &&
 
 	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
 	grep HT error >/dev/null &&
@@ -79,9 +137,9 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'without -space' '
 
-	rm -f .gitattributes
-	git config core.whitespace -space
-	prepare_output
+	rm -f .gitattributes &&
+	git config core.whitespace -space &&
+	prepare_output &&
 
 	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
 	grep HT normal >/dev/null &&
@@ -93,9 +151,9 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'without -space (attribute)' '
 
-	git config --unset core.whitespace
-	echo "F whitespace=-space" >.gitattributes
-	prepare_output
+	test_might_fail git config --unset core.whitespace &&
+	echo "F whitespace=-space" >.gitattributes &&
+	prepare_output &&
 
 	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
 	grep HT normal >/dev/null &&
@@ -107,9 +165,9 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'with indent-non-tab only' '
 
-	rm -f .gitattributes
-	git config core.whitespace indent,-trailing,-space
-	prepare_output
+	rm -f .gitattributes &&
+	git config core.whitespace indent,-trailing,-space &&
+	prepare_output &&
 
 	grep Eight error >/dev/null &&
 	grep HT normal >/dev/null &&
@@ -121,9 +179,9 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'with indent-non-tab only (attribute)' '
 
-	git config --unset core.whitespace
-	echo "F whitespace=indent,-trailing,-space" >.gitattributes
-	prepare_output
+	test_might_fail git config --unset core.whitespace &&
+	echo "F whitespace=indent,-trailing,-space" >.gitattributes &&
+	prepare_output &&
 
 	grep Eight error >/dev/null &&
 	grep HT normal >/dev/null &&
@@ -133,11 +191,39 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'with indent-non-tab only, tabwidth=10' '
+
+	rm -f .gitattributes &&
+	git config core.whitespace indent,tabwidth=10,-trailing,-space &&
+	prepare_output &&
+
+	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep HT normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep With normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep Return normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep No normal >/dev/null
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with indent-non-tab only, tabwidth=10 (attribute)' '
+
+	test_might_fail git config --unset core.whitespace &&
+	echo "F whitespace=indent,-trailing,-space,tabwidth=10" >.gitattributes &&
+	prepare_output &&
+
+	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep HT normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep With normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep Return normal >/dev/null &&
+	grep No normal >/dev/null
+
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'with cr-at-eol' '
 
-	rm -f .gitattributes
-	git config core.whitespace cr-at-eol
-	prepare_output
+	rm -f .gitattributes &&
+	git config core.whitespace cr-at-eol &&
+	prepare_output &&
 
 	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
 	grep HT error >/dev/null &&
@@ -149,9 +235,9 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'with cr-at-eol (attribute)' '
 
-	git config --unset core.whitespace
-	echo "F whitespace=trailing,cr-at-eol" >.gitattributes
-	prepare_output
+	test_might_fail git config --unset core.whitespace &&
+	echo "F whitespace=trailing,cr-at-eol" >.gitattributes &&
+	prepare_output &&
 
 	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
 	grep HT error >/dev/null &&
@@ -178,12 +264,21 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'checkdiff shows correct line number for trailing blank lines' '
+
+	printf "a\nb\n" > G &&
+	git add G &&
+	printf "x\nx\nx\na\nb\nc\n\n" > G &&
+	[ "$(git diff --check -- G)" = "G:7: new blank line at EOF." ]
+
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'do not color trailing cr in context' '
-	git config --unset core.whitespace
+	test_might_fail git config --unset core.whitespace &&
 	rm -f .gitattributes &&
 	echo AAAQ | tr Q "\015" >G &&
 	git add G &&
-	echo BBBQ | tr Q "\015" >>G
+	echo BBBQ | tr Q "\015" >>G &&
 	git diff --color G | tr "\015" Q >output &&
 	grep "BBB.*${blue_grep}Q" output &&
 	grep "AAA.*\[mQ" output
diff --git a/t/t4020-diff-external.sh b/t/t4020-diff-external.sh
index a7602cf..083f62d 100755
--- a/t/t4020-diff-external.sh
+++ b/t/t4020-diff-external.sh
@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-_z40=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
-
 test_expect_success setup '
 
 	test_tick &&
diff --git a/t/t4021-format-patch-numbered.sh b/t/t4021-format-patch-numbered.sh
index 709b323..886494b 100755
--- a/t/t4021-format-patch-numbered.sh
+++ b/t/t4021-format-patch-numbered.sh
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'format.numbered = auto' '
 
-	git config format.numbered auto
+	git config format.numbered auto &&
 	git format-patch --stdout HEAD~2 > patch5 &&
 	test_numbered patch5
 
diff --git a/t/t4026-color.sh b/t/t4026-color.sh
index d5ccdd0..3726a0e 100755
--- a/t/t4026-color.sh
+++ b/t/t4026-color.sh
@@ -74,7 +74,6 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'unknown color slots are ignored (diff)' '
-	git config --unset diff.color.new
 	git config color.diff.nosuchslotwilleverbedefined white &&
 	git diff --color
 '
diff --git a/t/t4027-diff-submodule.sh b/t/t4027-diff-submodule.sh
index d99814a..518bf95 100755
--- a/t/t4027-diff-submodule.sh
+++ b/t/t4027-diff-submodule.sh
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh
 
-_z40=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
 test_expect_success setup '
 	test_tick &&
 	test_create_repo sub &&
@@ -316,11 +315,11 @@
 test_expect_success 'conflicted submodule setup' '
 
 	# 39 efs
-	c=fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
+	c=fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff &&
 	(
-		echo "000000 $_z40 0	sub"
-		echo "160000 1$c 1	sub"
-		echo "160000 2$c 2	sub"
+		echo "000000 $_z40 0	sub" &&
+		echo "160000 1$c 1	sub" &&
+		echo "160000 2$c 2	sub" &&
 		echo "160000 3$c 3	sub"
 	) | git update-index --index-info &&
 	echo >expect.nosub '\''diff --cc sub
diff --git a/t/t4031-diff-rewrite-binary.sh b/t/t4031-diff-rewrite-binary.sh
index 7e7b307..7d7470f 100755
--- a/t/t4031-diff-rewrite-binary.sh
+++ b/t/t4031-diff-rewrite-binary.sh
@@ -44,6 +44,13 @@
 	grep "GIT binary patch" diff
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rewrite diff --stat shows binary changes' '
+	git diff -B --stat --summary >diff &&
+	grep "Bin" diff &&
+	grep "0 insertions.*0 deletions" diff &&
+	grep " rewrite file" diff
+'
+
 {
 	echo "#!$SHELL_PATH"
 	cat <<'EOF'
diff --git a/t/t4034-diff-words.sh b/t/t4034-diff-words.sh
index 6f7548c..c374aa4 100755
--- a/t/t4034-diff-words.sh
+++ b/t/t4034-diff-words.sh
@@ -4,331 +4,333 @@
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-test_expect_success setup '
+cat >pre.simple <<-\EOF
+	h(4)
 
-	git config diff.color.old red
-	git config diff.color.new green
-	git config diff.color.func magenta
+	a = b + c
+EOF
+cat >post.simple <<-\EOF
+	h(4),hh[44]
 
-'
+	a = b + c
+
+	aa = a
+
+	aeff = aeff * ( aaa )
+EOF
+cat >expect.letter-runs-are-words <<-\EOF
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+	<BOLD>index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@<RESET>
+	h(4),<GREEN>hh<RESET>[44]
+
+	a = b + c<RESET>
+
+	<GREEN>aa = a<RESET>
+
+	<GREEN>aeff = aeff * ( aaa<RESET> )
+EOF
+cat >expect.non-whitespace-is-word <<-\EOF
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+	<BOLD>index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@<RESET>
+	h(4)<GREEN>,hh[44]<RESET>
+
+	a = b + c<RESET>
+
+	<GREEN>aa = a<RESET>
+
+	<GREEN>aeff = aeff * ( aaa )<RESET>
+EOF
 
 word_diff () {
-	test_must_fail git diff --no-index "$@" pre post > output &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --no-index "$@" pre post >output &&
 	test_decode_color <output >output.decrypted &&
 	test_cmp expect output.decrypted
 }
 
-cat > pre <<\EOF
-h(4)
+test_language_driver () {
+	lang=$1
+	test_expect_success "diff driver '$lang'" '
+		cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4034/'"$lang"'/pre" \
+			"$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4034/'"$lang"'/post" \
+			"$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4034/'"$lang"'/expect" . &&
+		echo "* diff='"$lang"'" >.gitattributes &&
+		word_diff --color-words
+	'
+}
 
-a = b + c
-EOF
+test_expect_success setup '
+	git config diff.color.old red &&
+	git config diff.color.new green &&
+	git config diff.color.func magenta
+'
 
-cat > post <<\EOF
-h(4),hh[44]
-
-a = b + c
-
-aa = a
-
-aeff = aeff * ( aaa )
-EOF
-
-cat > expect <<\EOF
-<WHITE>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
-<WHITE>index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644<RESET>
-<WHITE>--- a/pre<RESET>
-<WHITE>+++ b/post<RESET>
-<CYAN>@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@<RESET>
-<RED>h(4)<RESET><GREEN>h(4),hh[44]<RESET>
-
-a = b + c<RESET>
-
-<GREEN>aa = a<RESET>
-
-<GREEN>aeff = aeff * ( aaa )<RESET>
-EOF
+test_expect_success 'set up pre and post with runs of whitespace' '
+	cp pre.simple pre &&
+	cp post.simple post
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'word diff with runs of whitespace' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+		<BOLD>index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644<RESET>
+		<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+		<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+		<CYAN>@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@<RESET>
+		<RED>h(4)<RESET><GREEN>h(4),hh[44]<RESET>
 
-	word_diff --color-words
+		a = b + c<RESET>
 
-'
+		<GREEN>aa = a<RESET>
 
-test_expect_success '--word-diff=color' '
-
-	word_diff --word-diff=color
-
-'
-
-test_expect_success '--color --word-diff=color' '
-
+		<GREEN>aeff = aeff * ( aaa )<RESET>
+	EOF
+	word_diff --color-words &&
+	word_diff --word-diff=color &&
 	word_diff --color --word-diff=color
-
 '
 
-sed 's/#.*$//' > expect <<EOF
-diff --git a/pre b/post
-index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644
---- a/pre
-+++ b/post
-@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
--h(4)
-+h(4),hh[44]
-~
- # significant space
-~
- a = b + c
-~
-~
-+aa = a
-~
-~
-+aeff = aeff * ( aaa )
-~
-EOF
-
 test_expect_success '--word-diff=porcelain' '
-
+	sed 's/#.*$//' >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		diff --git a/pre b/post
+		index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644
+		--- a/pre
+		+++ b/post
+		@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+		-h(4)
+		+h(4),hh[44]
+		~
+		 # significant space
+		~
+		 a = b + c
+		~
+		~
+		+aa = a
+		~
+		~
+		+aeff = aeff * ( aaa )
+		~
+	EOF
 	word_diff --word-diff=porcelain
-
 '
 
-cat > expect <<EOF
-diff --git a/pre b/post
-index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644
---- a/pre
-+++ b/post
-@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
-[-h(4)-]{+h(4),hh[44]+}
-
-a = b + c
-
-{+aa = a+}
-
-{+aeff = aeff * ( aaa )+}
-EOF
-
 test_expect_success '--word-diff=plain' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		diff --git a/pre b/post
+		index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644
+		--- a/pre
+		+++ b/post
+		@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+		[-h(4)-]{+h(4),hh[44]+}
 
-	word_diff --word-diff=plain
+		a = b + c
 
-'
+		{+aa = a+}
 
-test_expect_success '--word-diff=plain --no-color' '
-
+		{+aeff = aeff * ( aaa )+}
+	EOF
+	word_diff --word-diff=plain &&
 	word_diff --word-diff=plain --no-color
-
 '
 
-cat > expect <<EOF
-<WHITE>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
-<WHITE>index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644<RESET>
-<WHITE>--- a/pre<RESET>
-<WHITE>+++ b/post<RESET>
-<CYAN>@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@<RESET>
-<RED>[-h(4)-]<RESET><GREEN>{+h(4),hh[44]+}<RESET>
-
-a = b + c<RESET>
-
-<GREEN>{+aa = a+}<RESET>
-
-<GREEN>{+aeff = aeff * ( aaa )+}<RESET>
-EOF
-
 test_expect_success '--word-diff=plain --color' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+		<BOLD>index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644<RESET>
+		<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+		<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+		<CYAN>@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@<RESET>
+		<RED>[-h(4)-]<RESET><GREEN>{+h(4),hh[44]+}<RESET>
 
+		a = b + c<RESET>
+
+		<GREEN>{+aa = a+}<RESET>
+
+		<GREEN>{+aeff = aeff * ( aaa )+}<RESET>
+	EOF
 	word_diff --word-diff=plain --color
-
 '
 
-cat > expect <<\EOF
-<WHITE>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
-<WHITE>index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644<RESET>
-<WHITE>--- a/pre<RESET>
-<WHITE>+++ b/post<RESET>
-<CYAN>@@ -1 +1 @@<RESET>
-<RED>h(4)<RESET><GREEN>h(4),hh[44]<RESET>
-<CYAN>@@ -3,0 +4,4 @@<RESET> <RESET><MAGENTA>a = b + c<RESET>
-
-<GREEN>aa = a<RESET>
-
-<GREEN>aeff = aeff * ( aaa )<RESET>
-EOF
-
 test_expect_success 'word diff without context' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+		<BOLD>index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644<RESET>
+		<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+		<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+		<CYAN>@@ -1 +1 @@<RESET>
+		<RED>h(4)<RESET><GREEN>h(4),hh[44]<RESET>
+		<CYAN>@@ -3,0 +4,4 @@<RESET> <RESET><MAGENTA>a = b + c<RESET>
 
+		<GREEN>aa = a<RESET>
+
+		<GREEN>aeff = aeff * ( aaa )<RESET>
+	EOF
 	word_diff --color-words --unified=0
-
 '
 
-cat > expect <<\EOF
-<WHITE>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
-<WHITE>index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644<RESET>
-<WHITE>--- a/pre<RESET>
-<WHITE>+++ b/post<RESET>
-<CYAN>@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@<RESET>
-h(4),<GREEN>hh<RESET>[44]
-
-a = b + c<RESET>
-
-<GREEN>aa = a<RESET>
-
-<GREEN>aeff = aeff * ( aaa<RESET> )
-EOF
-cp expect expect.letter-runs-are-words
-
 test_expect_success 'word diff with a regular expression' '
-
+	cp expect.letter-runs-are-words expect &&
 	word_diff --color-words="[a-z]+"
-
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'set a diff driver' '
+test_expect_success 'set up a diff driver' '
 	git config diff.testdriver.wordRegex "[^[:space:]]" &&
-	cat <<EOF > .gitattributes
-pre diff=testdriver
-post diff=testdriver
-EOF
+	cat <<-\EOF >.gitattributes
+		pre diff=testdriver
+		post diff=testdriver
+	EOF
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'option overrides .gitattributes' '
-
+	cp expect.letter-runs-are-words expect &&
 	word_diff --color-words="[a-z]+"
-
 '
 
-cat > expect <<\EOF
-<WHITE>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
-<WHITE>index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644<RESET>
-<WHITE>--- a/pre<RESET>
-<WHITE>+++ b/post<RESET>
-<CYAN>@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@<RESET>
-h(4)<GREEN>,hh[44]<RESET>
-
-a = b + c<RESET>
-
-<GREEN>aa = a<RESET>
-
-<GREEN>aeff = aeff * ( aaa )<RESET>
-EOF
-cp expect expect.non-whitespace-is-word
-
 test_expect_success 'use regex supplied by driver' '
-
+	cp expect.non-whitespace-is-word expect &&
 	word_diff --color-words
-
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'set diff.wordRegex option' '
+test_expect_success 'set up diff.wordRegex option' '
 	git config diff.wordRegex "[[:alnum:]]+"
 '
 
-cp expect.letter-runs-are-words expect
-
 test_expect_success 'command-line overrides config' '
+	cp expect.letter-runs-are-words expect &&
 	word_diff --color-words="[a-z]+"
 '
 
-cat > expect <<\EOF
-<WHITE>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
-<WHITE>index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644<RESET>
-<WHITE>--- a/pre<RESET>
-<WHITE>+++ b/post<RESET>
-<CYAN>@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@<RESET>
-h(4),<GREEN>{+hh+}<RESET>[44]
-
-a = b + c<RESET>
-
-<GREEN>{+aa = a+}<RESET>
-
-<GREEN>{+aeff = aeff * ( aaa+}<RESET> )
-EOF
-
 test_expect_success 'command-line overrides config: --word-diff-regex' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+		<BOLD>index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644<RESET>
+		<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+		<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+		<CYAN>@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@<RESET>
+		h(4),<GREEN>{+hh+}<RESET>[44]
+
+		a = b + c<RESET>
+
+		<GREEN>{+aa = a+}<RESET>
+
+		<GREEN>{+aeff = aeff * ( aaa+}<RESET> )
+	EOF
 	word_diff --color --word-diff-regex="[a-z]+"
 '
 
-cp expect.non-whitespace-is-word expect
-
 test_expect_success '.gitattributes override config' '
+	cp expect.non-whitespace-is-word expect &&
 	word_diff --color-words
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'remove diff driver regex' '
-	git config --unset diff.testdriver.wordRegex
+test_expect_success 'setup: remove diff driver regex' '
+	test_might_fail git config --unset diff.testdriver.wordRegex
 '
 
-cat > expect <<\EOF
-<WHITE>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
-<WHITE>index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644<RESET>
-<WHITE>--- a/pre<RESET>
-<WHITE>+++ b/post<RESET>
-<CYAN>@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@<RESET>
-h(4),<GREEN>hh[44<RESET>]
-
-a = b + c<RESET>
-
-<GREEN>aa = a<RESET>
-
-<GREEN>aeff = aeff * ( aaa<RESET> )
-EOF
-
 test_expect_success 'use configured regex' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+		<BOLD>index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644<RESET>
+		<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+		<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+		<CYAN>@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@<RESET>
+		h(4),<GREEN>hh[44<RESET>]
+
+		a = b + c<RESET>
+
+		<GREEN>aa = a<RESET>
+
+		<GREEN>aeff = aeff * ( aaa<RESET> )
+	EOF
 	word_diff --color-words
 '
 
-echo 'aaa (aaa)' > pre
-echo 'aaa (aaa) aaa' > post
-
-cat > expect <<\EOF
-<WHITE>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
-<WHITE>index c29453b..be22f37 100644<RESET>
-<WHITE>--- a/pre<RESET>
-<WHITE>+++ b/post<RESET>
-<CYAN>@@ -1 +1 @@<RESET>
-aaa (aaa) <GREEN>aaa<RESET>
-EOF
-
 test_expect_success 'test parsing words for newline' '
-
+	echo "aaa (aaa)" >pre &&
+	echo "aaa (aaa) aaa" >post &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+		<BOLD>index c29453b..be22f37 100644<RESET>
+		<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+		<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+		<CYAN>@@ -1 +1 @@<RESET>
+		aaa (aaa) <GREEN>aaa<RESET>
+	EOF
 	word_diff --color-words="a+"
-
-
 '
 
-echo '(:' > pre
-echo '(' > post
-
-cat > expect <<\EOF
-<WHITE>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
-<WHITE>index 289cb9d..2d06f37 100644<RESET>
-<WHITE>--- a/pre<RESET>
-<WHITE>+++ b/post<RESET>
-<CYAN>@@ -1 +1 @@<RESET>
-(<RED>:<RESET>
-EOF
-
 test_expect_success 'test when words are only removed at the end' '
-
+	echo "(:" >pre &&
+	echo "(" >post &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+		<BOLD>index 289cb9d..2d06f37 100644<RESET>
+		<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+		<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+		<CYAN>@@ -1 +1 @@<RESET>
+		(<RED>:<RESET>
+	EOF
 	word_diff --color-words=.
-
 '
 
-cat > expect <<\EOF
-diff --git a/pre b/post
-index 289cb9d..2d06f37 100644
---- a/pre
-+++ b/post
-@@ -1 +1 @@
--(:
-+(
-EOF
-
 test_expect_success '--word-diff=none' '
-
+	echo "(:" >pre &&
+	echo "(" >post &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		diff --git a/pre b/post
+		index 289cb9d..2d06f37 100644
+		--- a/pre
+		+++ b/post
+		@@ -1 +1 @@
+		-(:
+		+(
+	EOF
 	word_diff --word-diff=plain --word-diff=none
+'
 
+test_language_driver bibtex
+test_language_driver cpp
+test_language_driver csharp
+test_language_driver fortran
+test_language_driver html
+test_language_driver java
+test_language_driver objc
+test_language_driver pascal
+test_language_driver perl
+test_language_driver php
+test_language_driver python
+test_language_driver ruby
+test_language_driver tex
+
+test_expect_success 'word-diff with diff.sbe' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	diff --git a/pre b/post
+	index a1a53b5..bc8fe6d 100644
+	--- a/pre
+	+++ b/post
+	@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
+	a
+
+	[-b-]{+c+}
+	EOF
+	cat >pre <<-\EOF &&
+	a
+
+	b
+	EOF
+	cat >post <<-\EOF &&
+	a
+
+	c
+	EOF
+	test_when_finished "git config --unset diff.suppress-blank-empty" &&
+	git config diff.suppress-blank-empty true &&
+	word_diff --word-diff=plain
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4034/bibtex/expect b/t/t4034/bibtex/expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a157774
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/bibtex/expect
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<BOLD>index 95cd55b..ddcba9b 100644<RESET>
+<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<CYAN>@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@<RESET>
+@article{aldous1987uie,<RESET>
+  title={{Ultimate instability of exponential back-off protocol for acknowledgment-based transmission control of random access communication channels}},<RESET>
+  author={Aldous, <RED>D.<RESET><GREEN>David<RESET>},
+  journal={Information Theory, IEEE Transactions on},<RESET>
+  volume={<RED>33<RESET><GREEN>Bogus.<RESET>},
+  number={<RED>2<RESET><GREEN>4<RESET>},
+  pages={219--223},<RESET>
+  year=<GREEN>1987,<RESET>
+<GREEN>  note={This is in fact a rather funny read since ethernet works well in practice. The<RESET> {<RED>1987<RESET><GREEN>\em pre} reference is the right one, however.<RESET>}<RED>,<RESET>
+}<RESET>
diff --git a/t/t4034/bibtex/post b/t/t4034/bibtex/post
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ddcba9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/bibtex/post
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+@article{aldous1987uie,
+  title={{Ultimate instability of exponential back-off protocol for acknowledgment-based transmission control of random access communication channels}},
+  author={Aldous, David},
+  journal={Information Theory, IEEE Transactions on},
+  volume={Bogus.},
+  number={4},
+  pages={219--223},
+  year=1987,
+  note={This is in fact a rather funny read since ethernet works well in practice. The {\em pre} reference is the right one, however.}
+}
diff --git a/t/t4034/bibtex/pre b/t/t4034/bibtex/pre
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..95cd55b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/bibtex/pre
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+@article{aldous1987uie,
+  title={{Ultimate instability of exponential back-off protocol for acknowledgment-based transmission control of random access communication channels}},
+  author={Aldous, D.},
+  journal={Information Theory, IEEE Transactions on},
+  volume={33},
+  number={2},
+  pages={219--223},
+  year={1987},
+}
diff --git a/t/t4034/cpp/expect b/t/t4034/cpp/expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..37d1ea2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/cpp/expect
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<BOLD>index 23d5c8a..7e8c026 100644<RESET>
+<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<CYAN>@@ -1,19 +1,19 @@<RESET>
+Foo() : x(0<RED>&&1<RESET><GREEN>&42<RESET>) { <GREEN>bar(x);<RESET> }
+cout<<"Hello World<RED>!<RESET><GREEN>?<RESET>\n"<<endl;
+<GREEN>(<RESET>1<GREEN>) (<RESET>-1e10<GREEN>) (<RESET>0xabcdef<GREEN>)<RESET> '<RED>x<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>'
+[<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>] <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>-><RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>.<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+!<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET> ~<RED>a a<RESET><GREEN>x x<RESET>++ <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>-- <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>*<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>*<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>/<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>%<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>+<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>-<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET><<<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>><RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET><<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET><=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>><RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>==<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>!=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>^<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>|<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>&&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>||<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>?<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>:z
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>+=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>-=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>*=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>/=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>%=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET><<=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>>=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>&=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>^=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>|=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>,y
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>::<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
diff --git a/t/t4034/cpp/post b/t/t4034/cpp/post
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e8c026
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/cpp/post
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+Foo() : x(0&42) { bar(x); }
+cout<<"Hello World?\n"<<endl;
+(1) (-1e10) (0xabcdef) 'y'
+[x] x->y x.y
+!x ~x x++ x-- x*y x&y
+x*y x/y x%y
+x+y x-y
+x<<y x>>y
+x<y x<=y x>y x>=y
+x==y x!=y
+x&y
+x^y
+x|y
+x&&y
+x||y
+x?y:z
+x=y x+=y x-=y x*=y x/=y x%=y x<<=y x>>=y x&=y x^=y x|=y
+x,y
+x::y
diff --git a/t/t4034/cpp/pre b/t/t4034/cpp/pre
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..23d5c8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/cpp/pre
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+Foo():x(0&&1){}
+cout<<"Hello World!\n"<<endl;
+1 -1e10 0xabcdef 'x'
+[a] a->b a.b
+!a ~a a++ a-- a*b a&b
+a*b a/b a%b
+a+b a-b
+a<<b a>>b
+a<b a<=b a>b a>=b
+a==b a!=b
+a&b
+a^b
+a|b
+a&&b
+a||b
+a?b:z
+a=b a+=b a-=b a*=b a/=b a%=b a<<=b a>>=b a&=b a^=b a|=b
+a,y
+a::b
diff --git a/t/t4034/csharp/expect b/t/t4034/csharp/expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e5d1dd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/csharp/expect
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<BOLD>index 9106d63..dd5f421 100644<RESET>
+<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<CYAN>@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@<RESET>
+Foo() : x(0<RED>&&1<RESET><GREEN>&42<RESET>) { <GREEN>bar(x);<RESET> }
+cout<<"Hello World<RED>!<RESET><GREEN>?<RESET>\n"<<endl;
+<GREEN>(<RESET>1<GREEN>) (<RESET>-1e10<GREEN>) (<RESET>0xabcdef<GREEN>)<RESET> '<RED>x<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>'
+[<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>] <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>-><RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>.<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+!<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET> ~<RED>a a<RESET><GREEN>x x<RESET>++ <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>-- <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>*<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>*<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>/<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>%<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>+<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>-<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET><<<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>><RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET><<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET><=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>><RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>==<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>!=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>^<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>|<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>&&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>||<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>?<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>:z
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>+=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>-=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>*=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>/=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>%=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET><<=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>>=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>&=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>^=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>|=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>,y
diff --git a/t/t4034/csharp/post b/t/t4034/csharp/post
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dd5f421
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/csharp/post
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+Foo() : x(0&42) { bar(x); }
+cout<<"Hello World?\n"<<endl;
+(1) (-1e10) (0xabcdef) 'y'
+[x] x->y x.y
+!x ~x x++ x-- x*y x&y
+x*y x/y x%y
+x+y x-y
+x<<y x>>y
+x<y x<=y x>y x>=y
+x==y x!=y
+x&y
+x^y
+x|y
+x&&y
+x||y
+x?y:z
+x=y x+=y x-=y x*=y x/=y x%=y x<<=y x>>=y x&=y x^=y x|=y
+x,y
diff --git a/t/t4034/csharp/pre b/t/t4034/csharp/pre
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9106d63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/csharp/pre
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+Foo():x(0&&1){}
+cout<<"Hello World!\n"<<endl;
+1 -1e10 0xabcdef 'x'
+[a] a->b a.b
+!a ~a a++ a-- a*b a&b
+a*b a/b a%b
+a+b a-b
+a<<b a>>b
+a<b a<=b a>b a>=b
+a==b a!=b
+a&b
+a^b
+a|b
+a&&b
+a||b
+a?b:z
+a=b a+=b a-=b a*=b a/=b a%=b a<<=b a>>=b a&=b a^=b a|=b
+a,y
diff --git a/t/t4034/fortran/expect b/t/t4034/fortran/expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b233dbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/fortran/expect
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<BOLD>index 87f0d0b..d308da2 100644<RESET>
+<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<CYAN>@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@<RESET>
+print *, "Hello World<RED>!<RESET><GREEN>?<RESET>"
+
+DO10I = 1,10<RESET>
+<RED>DO10I<RESET><GREEN>DO 10 I<RESET> = 1,10
+<RED>DO10I<RESET><GREEN>DO 1 0 I<RESET> = 1,10
diff --git a/t/t4034/fortran/post b/t/t4034/fortran/post
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d308da2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/fortran/post
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+print *, "Hello World?"
+
+DO10I = 1,10
+DO 10 I = 1,10
+DO 1 0 I = 1,10
diff --git a/t/t4034/fortran/pre b/t/t4034/fortran/pre
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..87f0d0b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/fortran/pre
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+print *, "Hello World!"
+
+DO10I = 1,10
+DO10I = 1,10
+DO10I = 1,10
diff --git a/t/t4034/html/expect b/t/t4034/html/expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..447b49a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/html/expect
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<BOLD>index 8ca4aea..46921e5 100644<RESET>
+<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<CYAN>@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@<RESET>
+<tag <GREEN>newattr="newvalue"<RESET>><GREEN>added<RESET> content</tag>
+<tag attr=<RED>"value"<RESET><GREEN>"newvalue"<RESET>><RED>content<RESET><GREEN>changed<RESET></tag>
+<<RED>tag<RESET><GREEN>newtag<RESET>>content <RED>&entity;<RESET><GREEN>&newentity;<RESET><<RED>/tag<RESET><GREEN>/newtag<RESET>>
diff --git a/t/t4034/html/post b/t/t4034/html/post
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..46921e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/html/post
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<tag newattr="newvalue">added content</tag>
+<tag attr="newvalue">changed</tag>
+<newtag>content &newentity;</newtag>
diff --git a/t/t4034/html/pre b/t/t4034/html/pre
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8ca4aea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/html/pre
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<tag>content</tag>
+<tag attr="value">content</tag>
+<tag>content &entity;</tag>
diff --git a/t/t4034/java/expect b/t/t4034/java/expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..37d1ea2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/java/expect
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<BOLD>index 23d5c8a..7e8c026 100644<RESET>
+<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<CYAN>@@ -1,19 +1,19 @@<RESET>
+Foo() : x(0<RED>&&1<RESET><GREEN>&42<RESET>) { <GREEN>bar(x);<RESET> }
+cout<<"Hello World<RED>!<RESET><GREEN>?<RESET>\n"<<endl;
+<GREEN>(<RESET>1<GREEN>) (<RESET>-1e10<GREEN>) (<RESET>0xabcdef<GREEN>)<RESET> '<RED>x<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>'
+[<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>] <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>-><RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>.<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+!<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET> ~<RED>a a<RESET><GREEN>x x<RESET>++ <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>-- <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>*<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>*<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>/<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>%<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>+<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>-<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET><<<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>><RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET><<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET><=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>><RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>==<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>!=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>^<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>|<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>&&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>||<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>?<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>:z
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>+=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>-=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>*=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>/=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>%=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET><<=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>>=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>&=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>^=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>|=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>,y
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>::<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
diff --git a/t/t4034/java/post b/t/t4034/java/post
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e8c026
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/java/post
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+Foo() : x(0&42) { bar(x); }
+cout<<"Hello World?\n"<<endl;
+(1) (-1e10) (0xabcdef) 'y'
+[x] x->y x.y
+!x ~x x++ x-- x*y x&y
+x*y x/y x%y
+x+y x-y
+x<<y x>>y
+x<y x<=y x>y x>=y
+x==y x!=y
+x&y
+x^y
+x|y
+x&&y
+x||y
+x?y:z
+x=y x+=y x-=y x*=y x/=y x%=y x<<=y x>>=y x&=y x^=y x|=y
+x,y
+x::y
diff --git a/t/t4034/java/pre b/t/t4034/java/pre
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..23d5c8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/java/pre
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+Foo():x(0&&1){}
+cout<<"Hello World!\n"<<endl;
+1 -1e10 0xabcdef 'x'
+[a] a->b a.b
+!a ~a a++ a-- a*b a&b
+a*b a/b a%b
+a+b a-b
+a<<b a>>b
+a<b a<=b a>b a>=b
+a==b a!=b
+a&b
+a^b
+a|b
+a&&b
+a||b
+a?b:z
+a=b a+=b a-=b a*=b a/=b a%=b a<<=b a>>=b a&=b a^=b a|=b
+a,y
+a::b
diff --git a/t/t4034/objc/expect b/t/t4034/objc/expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e5d1dd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/objc/expect
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<BOLD>index 9106d63..dd5f421 100644<RESET>
+<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<CYAN>@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@<RESET>
+Foo() : x(0<RED>&&1<RESET><GREEN>&42<RESET>) { <GREEN>bar(x);<RESET> }
+cout<<"Hello World<RED>!<RESET><GREEN>?<RESET>\n"<<endl;
+<GREEN>(<RESET>1<GREEN>) (<RESET>-1e10<GREEN>) (<RESET>0xabcdef<GREEN>)<RESET> '<RED>x<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>'
+[<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>] <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>-><RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>.<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+!<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET> ~<RED>a a<RESET><GREEN>x x<RESET>++ <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>-- <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>*<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>*<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>/<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>%<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>+<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>-<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET><<<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>><RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET><<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET><=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>><RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>==<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>!=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>^<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>|<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>&&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>||<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>?<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>:z
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>+=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>-=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>*=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>/=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>%=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET><<=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>>=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>&=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>^=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>|=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>,y
diff --git a/t/t4034/objc/post b/t/t4034/objc/post
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dd5f421
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/objc/post
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+Foo() : x(0&42) { bar(x); }
+cout<<"Hello World?\n"<<endl;
+(1) (-1e10) (0xabcdef) 'y'
+[x] x->y x.y
+!x ~x x++ x-- x*y x&y
+x*y x/y x%y
+x+y x-y
+x<<y x>>y
+x<y x<=y x>y x>=y
+x==y x!=y
+x&y
+x^y
+x|y
+x&&y
+x||y
+x?y:z
+x=y x+=y x-=y x*=y x/=y x%=y x<<=y x>>=y x&=y x^=y x|=y
+x,y
diff --git a/t/t4034/objc/pre b/t/t4034/objc/pre
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9106d63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/objc/pre
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+Foo():x(0&&1){}
+cout<<"Hello World!\n"<<endl;
+1 -1e10 0xabcdef 'x'
+[a] a->b a.b
+!a ~a a++ a-- a*b a&b
+a*b a/b a%b
+a+b a-b
+a<<b a>>b
+a<b a<=b a>b a>=b
+a==b a!=b
+a&b
+a^b
+a|b
+a&&b
+a||b
+a?b:z
+a=b a+=b a-=b a*=b a/=b a%=b a<<=b a>>=b a&=b a^=b a|=b
+a,y
diff --git a/t/t4034/pascal/expect b/t/t4034/pascal/expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ce4230
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/pascal/expect
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<BOLD>index 077046c..8865e6b 100644<RESET>
+<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<CYAN>@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@<RESET>
+writeln("Hello World<RED>!<RESET><GREEN>?<RESET>");
+<GREEN>(<RESET>1<GREEN>) (<RESET>-1e10<GREEN>) (<RESET>0xabcdef<GREEN>)<RESET> '<RED>x<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>'
+[<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>] <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>-><RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>.<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+!<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET> ~<RED>a a<RESET><GREEN>x x<RESET>++ <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>-- <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>*<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>*<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>/<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>%<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>+<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>-<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET><<<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>><RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET><<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET><=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>><RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>==<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>!=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>^<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>|<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>&&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>||<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>?<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>:z
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>+=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>-=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>*=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>/=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>%=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET><<=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>>=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>&=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>^=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>|=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>,y
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>::<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
diff --git a/t/t4034/pascal/post b/t/t4034/pascal/post
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8865e6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/pascal/post
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+writeln("Hello World?");
+(1) (-1e10) (0xabcdef) 'y'
+[x] x->y x.y
+!x ~x x++ x-- x*y x&y
+x*y x/y x%y
+x+y x-y
+x<<y x>>y
+x<y x<=y x>y x>=y
+x==y x!=y
+x&y
+x^y
+x|y
+x&&y
+x||y
+x?y:z
+x=y x+=y x-=y x*=y x/=y x%=y x<<=y x>>=y x&=y x^=y x|=y
+x,y
+x::y
diff --git a/t/t4034/pascal/pre b/t/t4034/pascal/pre
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..077046c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/pascal/pre
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+writeln("Hello World!");
+1 -1e10 0xabcdef 'x'
+[a] a->b a.b
+!a ~a a++ a-- a*b a&b
+a*b a/b a%b
+a+b a-b
+a<<b a>>b
+a<b a<=b a>b a>=b
+a==b a!=b
+a&b
+a^b
+a|b
+a&&b
+a||b
+a?b:z
+a=b a+=b a-=b a*=b a/=b a%=b a<<=b a>>=b a&=b a^=b a|=b
+a,y
+a::b
diff --git a/t/t4034/perl/expect b/t/t4034/perl/expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1deb6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/perl/expect
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<BOLD>index f6610d3..e8b72ef 100644<RESET>
+<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<CYAN>@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@<RESET>
+
+package Frotz;<RESET>
+sub new {<RESET>
+	my <GREEN>(<RESET>$class<GREEN>, %opts)<RESET> = <RED>shift<RESET><GREEN>@_<RESET>;
+	return bless { <GREEN>xyzzy => "nitfol", %opts<RESET> }, $class;
+}<RESET>
+
+__END__<RESET>
diff --git a/t/t4034/perl/post b/t/t4034/perl/post
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e8b72ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/perl/post
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+use strict;
+
+package Frotz;
+sub new {
+	my ($class, %opts) = @_;
+	return bless { xyzzy => "nitfol", %opts }, $class;
+}
+
+__END__
+=head1 NAME
+
+frotz - Frotz
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+  use frotz;
+
+  $nitfol = new Frotz();
+
+=cut
diff --git a/t/t4034/perl/pre b/t/t4034/perl/pre
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f6610d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/perl/pre
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+use strict;
+
+package Frotz;
+sub new {
+	my $class = shift;
+	return bless {}, $class;
+}
+
+__END__
+=head1 NAME
+
+frotz - Frotz
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+  use frotz;
+
+  $nitfol = new Frotz();
+
+=cut
diff --git a/t/t4034/php/expect b/t/t4034/php/expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0404408
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/php/expect
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<BOLD>index cf6e06b..4420a49 100644<RESET>
+<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<CYAN>@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@<RESET>
+<GREEN>(<RESET>$var<GREEN>)<RESET> $ var
+<?="Hello World<RED>!<RESET><GREEN>?<RESET>"?>
+<GREEN>(<RESET>1<GREEN>) (<RESET>-1e10<GREEN>) (<RESET>0xabcdef<GREEN>)<RESET> '<RED>x<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>'
+[<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>] <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>-><RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>.<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+!<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET> ~<RED>a a<RESET><GREEN>x x<RESET>++ <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>-- <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>*<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>*<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>/<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>%<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>+<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>-<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET><<<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>><RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET><<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET><=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>><RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>==<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>!=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>^<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>|<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>&&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>||<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>?<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>:z
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>+=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>-=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>*=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>/=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>%=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET><<=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>>=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>&=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>^=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>|=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>,y
diff --git a/t/t4034/php/post b/t/t4034/php/post
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4420a49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/php/post
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+($var) $ var
+<?="Hello World?"?>
+(1) (-1e10) (0xabcdef) 'y'
+[x] x->y x.y
+!x ~x x++ x-- x*y x&y
+x*y x/y x%y
+x+y x-y
+x<<y x>>y
+x<y x<=y x>y x>=y
+x==y x!=y
+x&y
+x^y
+x|y
+x&&y
+x||y
+x?y:z
+x=y x+=y x-=y x*=y x/=y x%=y x<<=y x>>=y x&=y x^=y x|=y
+x,y
diff --git a/t/t4034/php/pre b/t/t4034/php/pre
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cf6e06b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/php/pre
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+$var $var
+<?= "Hello World!" ?>
+1 -1e10 0xabcdef 'x'
+[a] a->b a.b
+!a ~a a++ a-- a*b a&b
+a*b a/b a%b
+a+b a-b
+a<<b a>>b
+a<b a<=b a>b a>=b
+a==b a!=b
+a&b
+a^b
+a|b
+a&&b
+a||b
+a?b:z
+a=b a+=b a-=b a*=b a/=b a%=b a<<=b a>>=b a&=b a^=b a|=b
+a,y
diff --git a/t/t4034/python/expect b/t/t4034/python/expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8abb8a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/python/expect
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<BOLD>index 438f776..68baf34 100644<RESET>
+<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<CYAN>@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@<RESET>
+print<RED>u<RESET> "Hello World<RED>!<RESET><GREEN>?<RESET>\n"<GREEN>; print<RESET>
+<GREEN>(<RESET>1<GREEN>) (<RESET>-1e10<GREEN>) (<RESET>0xabcdef<GREEN>) u<RESET>'<RED>x<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>'
+[<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>] <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>-><RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>.<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+!<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET> ~<RED>a a<RESET><GREEN>x x<RESET>++ <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>-- <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>*<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>*<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>/<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>%<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>+<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>-<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET><<<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>><RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET><<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET><=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>><RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>==<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>!=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>^<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>|<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>&&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>||<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>?<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>:z
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>+=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>-=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>*=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>/=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>%=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET><<=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>>=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>&=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>^=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>|=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>,y
diff --git a/t/t4034/python/post b/t/t4034/python/post
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..68baf34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/python/post
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+print "Hello World?\n"; print
+(1) (-1e10) (0xabcdef) u'y'
+[x] x->y x.y
+!x ~x x++ x-- x*y x&y
+x*y x/y x%y
+x+y x-y
+x<<y x>>y
+x<y x<=y x>y x>=y
+x==y x!=y
+x&y
+x^y
+x|y
+x&&y
+x||y
+x?y:z
+x=y x+=y x-=y x*=y x/=y x%=y x<<=y x>>=y x&=y x^=y x|=y
+x,y
diff --git a/t/t4034/python/pre b/t/t4034/python/pre
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..438f776
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/python/pre
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+print u"Hello World!\n"
+1 -1e10 0xabcdef 'x'
+[a] a->b a.b
+!a ~a a++ a-- a*b a&b
+a*b a/b a%b
+a+b a-b
+a<<b a>>b
+a<b a<=b a>b a>=b
+a==b a!=b
+a&b
+a^b
+a|b
+a&&b
+a||b
+a?b:z
+a=b a+=b a-=b a*=b a/=b a%=b a<<=b a>>=b a&=b a^=b a|=b
+a,y
diff --git a/t/t4034/ruby/expect b/t/t4034/ruby/expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..16e1dd5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/ruby/expect
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<BOLD>index 30ed9a1..7678f14 100644<RESET>
+<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<CYAN>@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@<RESET>
+10.downto(1) {|<RED>x<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>| puts <RED>x<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>}
+<GREEN>(<RESET>1<GREEN>) (<RESET>-1e10<GREEN>) (<RESET>0xabcdef<GREEN>)<RESET> '<RED>x<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>'
+[<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>] <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>-><RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>.<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+!<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET> ~<RED>a a<RESET><GREEN>x x<RESET>++ <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>-- <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>*<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>*<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>/<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>%<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>+<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>-<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET><<<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>><RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET><<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET><=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>><RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>==<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>!=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>^<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>|<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>&&<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>||<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a?b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x?y<RESET>:z
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>+=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>-=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>*=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>/=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>%=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET><<=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>>=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>&=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>^=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>|=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>,y
diff --git a/t/t4034/ruby/post b/t/t4034/ruby/post
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7678f14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/ruby/post
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+10.downto(1) {|y| puts y}
+(1) (-1e10) (0xabcdef) 'y'
+[x] x->y x.y
+!x ~x x++ x-- x*y x&y
+x*y x/y x%y
+x+y x-y
+x<<y x>>y
+x<y x<=y x>y x>=y
+x==y x!=y
+x&y
+x^y
+x|y
+x&&y
+x||y
+x?y:z
+x=y x+=y x-=y x*=y x/=y x%=y x<<=y x>>=y x&=y x^=y x|=y
+x,y
diff --git a/t/t4034/ruby/pre b/t/t4034/ruby/pre
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..30ed9a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/ruby/pre
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+10.downto(1) {|x| puts x}
+1 -1e10 0xabcdef 'x'
+[a] a->b a.b
+!a ~a a++ a-- a*b a&b
+a*b a/b a%b
+a+b a-b
+a<<b a>>b
+a<b a<=b a>b a>=b
+a==b a!=b
+a&b
+a^b
+a|b
+a&&b
+a||b
+a?b:z
+a=b a+=b a-=b a*=b a/=b a%=b a<<=b a>>=b a&=b a^=b a|=b
+a,y
diff --git a/t/t4034/tex/expect b/t/t4034/tex/expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..604969b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/tex/expect
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<BOLD>index 2b2dfcb..65cab61 100644<RESET>
+<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<CYAN>@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@<RESET>
+\section{Something <GREEN>new<RESET>}
+<RED>\emph<RESET><GREEN>\textbf<RESET>{Macro style}
+{<RED>\em<RESET><GREEN>\bfseries<RESET> State toggle style}
+\\[<RED>1em<RESET><GREEN>1cm<RESET>]
diff --git a/t/t4034/tex/post b/t/t4034/tex/post
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..65cab61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/tex/post
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+\section{Something new}
+\textbf{Macro style}
+{\bfseries State toggle style}
+\\[1cm]
diff --git a/t/t4034/tex/pre b/t/t4034/tex/pre
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b2dfcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/tex/pre
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+\section{Something}
+\emph{Macro style}
+{\em State toggle style}
+\\[1em]
diff --git a/t/t4040-whitespace-status.sh b/t/t4040-whitespace-status.sh
index a30b03b..abc4934 100755
--- a/t/t4040-whitespace-status.sh
+++ b/t/t4040-whitespace-status.sh
@@ -60,4 +60,11 @@
 	git diff-files -b -p --exit-code
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'diff-files --diff-filter --quiet' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	rm a/d &&
+	echo x >>b/e &&
+	test_must_fail git diff-files --diff-filter=M --quiet
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4041-diff-submodule-option.sh b/t/t4041-diff-submodule-option.sh
index 995bdfa..bf9a752 100755
--- a/t/t4041-diff-submodule-option.sh
+++ b/t/t4041-diff-submodule-option.sh
@@ -37,9 +37,10 @@
 test_expect_success 'added submodule' "
 	git add sm1 &&
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 0000000...$head1 (new submodule)
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 commit_file sm1 &&
@@ -47,33 +48,36 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward)' "
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 $head1..$head2:
   > Add foo3
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward)' "
 	git diff --submodule=log >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 $head1..$head2:
   > Add foo3
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward) --submodule' "
 	git diff --submodule >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 $head1..$head2:
   > Add foo3
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 fullhead1=$(cd sm1; git rev-list --max-count=1 $head1)
 fullhead2=$(cd sm1; git rev-list --max-count=1 $head2)
 test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward) --submodule=short' "
 	git diff --submodule=short >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
 index $head1..$head2 160000
 --- a/sm1
@@ -82,6 +86,7 @@
 -Subproject commit $fullhead1
 +Subproject commit $fullhead2
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 commit_file sm1 &&
@@ -93,24 +98,26 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'modified submodule(backward)' "
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 $head2..$head3 (rewind):
   < Add foo3
   < Add foo2
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 head4=$(add_file sm1 foo4 foo5) &&
 head4_full=$(GIT_DIR=sm1/.git git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
 test_expect_success 'modified submodule(backward and forward)' "
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 $head2...$head4:
   > Add foo5
   > Add foo4
   < Add foo3
   < Add foo2
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 commit_file sm1 &&
@@ -123,7 +130,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(submodule->blob), --cached' "
 	git diff --submodule=log --cached >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 41fbea9...0000000 (submodule deleted)
 diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
 new file mode 100644
@@ -133,11 +140,12 @@
 @@ -0,0 +1 @@
 +sm1
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(submodule->blob)' "
 	git diff --submodule=log >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
 deleted file mode 100644
 index 9da5fb8..0000000
@@ -147,13 +155,14 @@
 -sm1
 Submodule sm1 0000000...$head4 (new submodule)
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 rm -rf sm1 &&
 git checkout-index sm1
 test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(submodule->blob)' "
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 $head4...0000000 (submodule deleted)
 diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
 new file mode 100644
@@ -163,6 +172,7 @@
 @@ -0,0 +1 @@
 +sm1
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 rm -f sm1 &&
@@ -171,15 +181,16 @@
 fullhead6=$(cd sm1; git rev-list --max-count=1 $head6)
 test_expect_success 'nonexistent commit' "
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 $head4...$head6 (commits not present)
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 commit_file
 test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(blob->submodule)' "
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
 deleted file mode 100644
 index $head5..0000000
@@ -189,21 +200,24 @@
 -sm1
 Submodule sm1 0000000...$head6 (new submodule)
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 commit_file sm1 &&
 test_expect_success 'submodule is up to date' "
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked content' "
 	echo new > sm1/new-file &&
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 contains untracked content
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked content (untracked ignored)' "
@@ -224,18 +238,20 @@
 test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked and modifed content' "
 	echo new > sm1/foo6 &&
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 contains untracked content
 Submodule sm1 contains modified content
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked and modifed content (untracked ignored)' "
 	echo new > sm1/foo6 &&
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=untracked --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 contains modified content
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked and modifed content (dirty ignored)' "
@@ -253,45 +269,50 @@
 test_expect_success 'submodule contains modifed content' "
 	rm -f sm1/new-file &&
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 contains modified content
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 (cd sm1; git commit -mchange foo6 >/dev/null) &&
 head8=$(cd sm1; git rev-parse --verify HEAD | cut -c1-7) &&
 test_expect_success 'submodule is modified' "
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
   > change
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked content' "
 	echo new > sm1/new-file &&
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 contains untracked content
 Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
   > change
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked content (untracked ignored)' "
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=untracked --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
   > change
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked content (dirty ignored)' "
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=dirty --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
   > change
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked content (all ignored)' "
@@ -302,31 +323,34 @@
 test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked and modifed content' "
 	echo modification >> sm1/foo6 &&
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 contains untracked content
 Submodule sm1 contains modified content
 Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
   > change
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked and modifed content (untracked ignored)' "
 	echo modification >> sm1/foo6 &&
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=untracked --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 contains modified content
 Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
   > change
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked and modifed content (dirty ignored)' "
 	echo modification >> sm1/foo6 &&
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=dirty --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
   > change
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked and modifed content (all ignored)' "
@@ -338,19 +362,21 @@
 test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains modifed content' "
 	rm -f sm1/new-file &&
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 contains modified content
 Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
   > change
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 rm -rf sm1
 test_expect_success 'deleted submodule' "
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 $head6...0000000 (submodule deleted)
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_create_repo sm2 &&
@@ -359,41 +385,45 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'multiple submodules' "
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 $head6...0000000 (submodule deleted)
 Submodule sm2 0000000...$head7 (new submodule)
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_expect_success 'path filter' "
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD sm2 >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm2 0000000...$head7 (new submodule)
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 commit_file sm2
 test_expect_success 'given commit' "
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD^ >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 $head6...0000000 (submodule deleted)
 Submodule sm2 0000000...$head7 (new submodule)
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_expect_success 'given commit --submodule' "
 	git diff-index -p --submodule HEAD^ >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 $head6...0000000 (submodule deleted)
 Submodule sm2 0000000...$head7 (new submodule)
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 fullhead7=$(cd sm2; git rev-list --max-count=1 $head7)
 
 test_expect_success 'given commit --submodule=short' "
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=short HEAD^ >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
 deleted file mode 160000
 index $head6..0000000
@@ -409,6 +439,7 @@
 @@ -0,0 +1 @@
 +Subproject commit $fullhead7
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_expect_success 'setup .git file for sm2' '
@@ -420,10 +451,11 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'diff --submodule with .git file' '
 	git diff --submodule HEAD^ >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 Submodule sm1 $head6...0000000 (submodule deleted)
 Submodule sm2 0000000...$head7 (new submodule)
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4046-diff-unmerged.sh b/t/t4046-diff-unmerged.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..25d50a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4046-diff-unmerged.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='diff with unmerged index entries'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	for i in 0 1 2 3
+	do
+		blob=$(echo $i | git hash-object --stdin) &&
+		eval "blob$i=$blob" &&
+		eval "m$i=\"100644 \$blob$i $i\"" || break
+	done &&
+	paths= &&
+	for b in o x
+	do
+		for o in o x
+		do
+			for t in o x
+			do
+				path="$b$o$t" &&
+				case "$path" in ooo) continue ;; esac
+				paths="$paths$path " &&
+				p="	$path" &&
+				case "$b" in x) echo "$m1$p" ;; esac &&
+				case "$o" in x) echo "$m2$p" ;; esac &&
+				case "$t" in x) echo "$m3$p" ;; esac ||
+				break
+			done || break
+		done || break
+	done >ls-files-s.expect &&
+	git update-index --index-info <ls-files-s.expect &&
+	git ls-files -s >ls-files-s.actual &&
+	test_cmp ls-files-s.expect ls-files-s.actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-files -0' '
+	for path in $paths
+	do
+		>"$path" &&
+		echo ":000000 100644 $_z40 $_z40 U	$path"
+	done >diff-files-0.expect &&
+	git diff-files -0 >diff-files-0.actual &&
+	test_cmp diff-files-0.expect diff-files-0.actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-files -1' '
+	for path in $paths
+	do
+		>"$path" &&
+		echo ":000000 100644 $_z40 $_z40 U	$path" &&
+		case "$path" in
+		x??) echo ":100644 100644 $blob1 $_z40 M	$path"
+		esac
+	done >diff-files-1.expect &&
+	git diff-files -1 >diff-files-1.actual &&
+	test_cmp diff-files-1.expect diff-files-1.actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-files -2' '
+	for path in $paths
+	do
+		>"$path" &&
+		echo ":000000 100644 $_z40 $_z40 U	$path" &&
+		case "$path" in
+		?x?) echo ":100644 100644 $blob2 $_z40 M	$path"
+		esac
+	done >diff-files-2.expect &&
+	git diff-files -2 >diff-files-2.actual &&
+	test_cmp diff-files-2.expect diff-files-2.actual &&
+	git diff-files >diff-files-default-2.actual &&
+	test_cmp diff-files-2.expect diff-files-default-2.actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-files -3' '
+	for path in $paths
+	do
+		>"$path" &&
+		echo ":000000 100644 $_z40 $_z40 U	$path" &&
+		case "$path" in
+		??x) echo ":100644 100644 $blob3 $_z40 M	$path"
+		esac
+	done >diff-files-3.expect &&
+	git diff-files -3 >diff-files-3.actual &&
+	test_cmp diff-files-3.expect diff-files-3.actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4103-apply-binary.sh b/t/t4103-apply-binary.sh
index 9692f16..dbbf56c 100755
--- a/t/t4103-apply-binary.sh
+++ b/t/t4103-apply-binary.sh
@@ -37,15 +37,24 @@
 	git diff-tree -p -C master binary >C.diff &&
 
 	git diff-tree -p --binary master binary >BF.diff &&
-	git diff-tree -p --binary -C master binary >CF.diff
+	git diff-tree -p --binary -C master binary >CF.diff &&
+
+	git diff-tree -p --full-index master binary >B-index.diff &&
+	git diff-tree -p -C --full-index master binary >C-index.diff &&
+
+	git init other-repo &&
+	(cd other-repo &&
+	 git fetch .. master &&
+	 git reset --hard FETCH_HEAD
+	)
 "
 
 test_expect_success 'stat binary diff -- should not fail.' \
-	'git checkout master
+	'git checkout master &&
 	 git apply --stat --summary B.diff'
 
 test_expect_success 'stat binary diff (copy) -- should not fail.' \
-	'git checkout master
+	'git checkout master &&
 	 git apply --stat --summary C.diff'
 
 test_expect_success 'check binary diff -- should fail.' \
@@ -69,11 +78,11 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check binary diff with replacement.' \
-	'git checkout master
+	'git checkout master &&
 	 git apply --check --allow-binary-replacement BF.diff'
 
 test_expect_success 'check binary diff with replacement (copy).' \
-	'git checkout master
+	'git checkout master &&
 	 git apply --check --allow-binary-replacement CF.diff'
 
 # Now we start applying them.
@@ -100,6 +109,22 @@
 	'do_reset &&
 	 test_must_fail git apply --index C.diff'
 
+test_expect_success 'apply binary diff with full-index' '
+	do_reset &&
+	git apply B-index.diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply binary diff with full-index (copy)' '
+	do_reset &&
+	git apply C-index.diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply full-index binary diff in new repo' '
+	(cd other-repo &&
+	 do_reset &&
+	 test_must_fail git apply ../B-index.diff)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'apply binary diff without replacement.' \
 	'do_reset &&
 	 git apply BF.diff'
diff --git a/t/t4111-apply-subdir.sh b/t/t4111-apply-subdir.sh
index a52d94a..7c39843 100755
--- a/t/t4111-apply-subdir.sh
+++ b/t/t4111-apply-subdir.sh
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'apply from .git dir' '
 	cp postimage expected &&
 	cp preimage .git/file &&
-	cp preimage .git/objects/file
+	cp preimage .git/objects/file &&
 	(
 		cd .git &&
 		git apply "$patch"
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'apply from subdir of .git dir' '
 	cp postimage expected &&
 	cp preimage .git/file &&
-	cp preimage .git/objects/file
+	cp preimage .git/objects/file &&
 	(
 		cd .git/objects &&
 		git apply "$patch"
diff --git a/t/t4119-apply-config.sh b/t/t4119-apply-config.sh
index 3c73a78..3d0384d 100755
--- a/t/t4119-apply-config.sh
+++ b/t/t4119-apply-config.sh
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'apply --whitespace=strip in subdir' '
 
 	cd "$D" &&
-	git config --unset-all apply.whitespace
+	git config --unset-all apply.whitespace &&
 	rm -f sub/file1 &&
 	cp saved sub/file1 &&
 	git update-index --refresh &&
diff --git a/t/t4120-apply-popt.sh b/t/t4120-apply-popt.sh
index 2b2d00b..a33d510 100755
--- a/t/t4120-apply-popt.sh
+++ b/t/t4120-apply-popt.sh
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 test_description='git apply -p handling.'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-prereq-FILEMODE.sh
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 	mkdir sub &&
@@ -56,4 +57,34 @@
 	grep "removing 3 leading" err
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'apply (-p2) diff, mode change only' '
+	cat >patch.chmod <<-\EOF &&
+	diff --git a/sub/file1 b/sub/file1
+	old mode 100644
+	new mode 100755
+	EOF
+	test_chmod -x file1 &&
+	git apply --index -p2 patch.chmod &&
+	case $(git ls-files -s file1) in 100755*) : good;; *) false;; esac
+'
+
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'file mode was changed' '
+	test -x file1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply (-p2) diff, rename' '
+	cat >patch.rename <<-\EOF &&
+	diff --git a/sub/file1 b/sub/file2
+	similarity index 100%
+	rename from sub/file1
+	rename to sub/file2
+	EOF
+	echo A >expected &&
+
+	cp file1.saved file1 &&
+	rm -f file2 &&
+	git apply -p2 patch.rename &&
+	test_cmp expected file2
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4124-apply-ws-rule.sh b/t/t4124-apply-ws-rule.sh
index 8a676a5..6f6ee88 100755
--- a/t/t4124-apply-ws-rule.sh
+++ b/t/t4124-apply-ws-rule.sh
@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@
 	#       X  RULE
 	#   	!  trailing-space
 	#   	@  space-before-tab
-	#   	#  indent-with-non-tab
+	#   	#  indent-with-non-tab (default tab width 8)
+	#	=  indent-with-non-tab,tabwidth=16
 	#   	%  tab-in-indent
 	sed -e "s/_/ /g" -e "s/>/	/" <<-\EOF
 		An_SP in an ordinary line>and a HT.
@@ -25,8 +26,8 @@
 		________>_Eight SP, a HT and a SP (@#%).
 		_______________Fifteen SP (#).
 		_______________>Fifteen SP and a HT (@#%).
-		________________Sixteen SP (#).
-		________________>Sixteen SP and a HT (@#%).
+		________________Sixteen SP (#=).
+		________________>Sixteen SP and a HT (@#%=).
 		_____a__Five SP, a non WS, two SP.
 		A line with a (!) trailing SP_
 		A line with a (!) trailing HT>
@@ -121,6 +122,34 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'spaces inserted by tab-in-indent' '
+
+	git config core.whitespace -trailing,-space,-indent,tab &&
+	rm -f .gitattributes &&
+	test_fix % &&
+	sed -e "s/_/ /g" -e "s/>/	/" <<-\EOF >expect &&
+		An_SP in an ordinary line>and a HT.
+		________A HT (%).
+		________A SP and a HT (@%).
+		_________A SP, a HT and a SP (@%).
+		_______Seven SP.
+		________Eight SP (#).
+		________Seven SP and a HT (@%).
+		________________Eight SP and a HT (@#%).
+		_________Seven SP, a HT and a SP (@%).
+		_________________Eight SP, a HT and a SP (@#%).
+		_______________Fifteen SP (#).
+		________________Fifteen SP and a HT (@#%).
+		________________Sixteen SP (#=).
+		________________________Sixteen SP and a HT (@#%=).
+		_____a__Five SP, a non WS, two SP.
+		A line with a (!) trailing SP_
+		A line with a (!) trailing HT>
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect target
+
+'
+
 for t in - ''
 do
 	case "$t" in '') tt='!' ;; *) tt= ;; esac
@@ -129,7 +158,7 @@
 		case "$s" in '') ts='@' ;; *) ts= ;; esac
 		for i in - ''
 		do
-			case "$i" in '') ti='#' ;; *) ti= ;; esac
+			case "$i" in '') ti='#' ti16='=';; *) ti= ti16= ;; esac
 			for h in - ''
 			do
 				[ -z "$h$i" ] && continue
@@ -142,12 +171,22 @@
 					test_fix "$tt$ts$ti$th"
 				'
 
+				test_expect_success "rule=$rule,tabwidth=16" '
+					git config core.whitespace "$rule,tabwidth=16" &&
+					test_fix "$tt$ts$ti16$th"
+				'
+
 				test_expect_success "rule=$rule (attributes)" '
 					git config --unset core.whitespace &&
 					echo "target whitespace=$rule" >.gitattributes &&
 					test_fix "$tt$ts$ti$th"
 				'
 
+				test_expect_success "rule=$rule,tabwidth=16 (attributes)" '
+					echo "target whitespace=$rule,tabwidth=16" >.gitattributes &&
+					test_fix "$tt$ts$ti16$th"
+				'
+
 			done
 		done
 	done
@@ -176,9 +215,8 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'blank at EOF with --whitespace=fix (1)' '
-	: these can fail depending on what we did before
-	git config --unset core.whitespace
-	rm -f .gitattributes
+	test_might_fail git config --unset core.whitespace &&
+	rm -f .gitattributes &&
 
 	{ echo a; echo b; echo c; } >one &&
 	git add one &&
@@ -368,7 +406,7 @@
 	git diff -- one >patch &&
 
 	echo a >one &&
-	test_must_fail git apply patch
+	test_must_fail git apply patch &&
 	test_must_fail git apply --whitespace=fix patch &&
 	test_must_fail git apply --ignore-space-change --whitespace=fix patch
 '
@@ -419,7 +457,7 @@
 	printf "b\r\n" >>one &&
 	printf "c\r\n" >>one &&
 	cp one save-one &&
-	printf "                 \r\n" >>one
+	printf "                 \r\n" >>one &&
 	git add one &&
 	printf "d\r\n" >>one &&
 	cp one expect &&
@@ -436,7 +474,7 @@
 	printf "b\r\n" >>one &&
 	printf "c\r\n" >>one &&
 	cp one save-one &&
-	printf "                 \r\n" >>one
+	printf "                 \r\n" >>one &&
 	git add one &&
 	cp one expect &&
 	printf "d\r\n" >>one &&
diff --git a/t/t4127-apply-same-fn.sh b/t/t4127-apply-same-fn.sh
index 77200c0..972946c 100755
--- a/t/t4127-apply-same-fn.sh
+++ b/t/t4127-apply-same-fn.sh
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'apply same filename with overlapping changes' '
-	git reset --hard
+	git reset --hard &&
 	modify "s/^d/z/" same_fn &&
 	git diff > patch0 &&
 	git add same_fn &&
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'apply same new filename after rename' '
-	git reset --hard
-	git mv same_fn new_fn
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git mv same_fn new_fn &&
 	modify "s/^d/z/" new_fn &&
 	git add new_fn &&
 	git diff -M --cached > patch1 &&
@@ -58,12 +58,12 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'apply same old filename after rename -- should fail.' '
-	git reset --hard
-	git mv same_fn new_fn
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git mv same_fn new_fn &&
 	modify "s/^d/z/" new_fn &&
 	git add new_fn &&
 	git diff -M --cached > patch1 &&
-	git mv new_fn same_fn
+	git mv new_fn same_fn &&
 	modify "s/^e/y/" same_fn &&
 	git diff >> patch1 &&
 	git reset --hard &&
@@ -71,13 +71,13 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'apply A->B (rename), C->A (rename), A->A -- should pass.' '
-	git reset --hard
-	git mv same_fn new_fn
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git mv same_fn new_fn &&
 	modify "s/^d/z/" new_fn &&
 	git add new_fn &&
 	git diff -M --cached > patch1 &&
 	git commit -m "a rename" &&
-	git mv other_fn same_fn
+	git mv other_fn same_fn &&
 	modify "s/^e/y/" same_fn &&
 	git add same_fn &&
 	git diff -M --cached >> patch1 &&
diff --git a/t/t4130-apply-criss-cross-rename.sh b/t/t4130-apply-criss-cross-rename.sh
index 7cfa2d6..d173acd 100755
--- a/t/t4130-apply-criss-cross-rename.sh
+++ b/t/t4130-apply-criss-cross-rename.sh
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 	git reset --hard &&
 	mv file1 tmp &&
 	mv file2 file1 &&
-	mv file3 file2
+	mv file3 file2 &&
 	mv tmp file3 &&
 	cp file1 file1-swapped &&
 	cp file2 file2-swapped &&
diff --git a/t/t4132-apply-removal.sh b/t/t4132-apply-removal.sh
index bb1ffe3..a2bc1cd 100755
--- a/t/t4132-apply-removal.sh
+++ b/t/t4132-apply-removal.sh
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 	epocWest="1969-12-31 16:00:00.000000000 -0800" &&
 	 epocGMT="1970-01-01 00:00:00.000000000 +0000" &&
 	epocEast="1970-01-01 09:00:00.000000000 +0900" &&
+	epocWest2="1969-12-31 16:00:00 -08:00" &&
 
 	sed -e "s/TS0/$epocWest/" -e "s/TS1/$timeWest/" <c >createWest.patch &&
 	sed -e "s/TS0/$epocEast/" -e "s/TS1/$timeEast/" <c >createEast.patch &&
@@ -46,6 +47,7 @@
 	sed -e "s/TS0/$timeWest/" -e "s/TS1/$epocWest/" <d >removeWest.patch &&
 	sed -e "s/TS0/$timeEast/" -e "s/TS1/$epocEast/" <d >removeEast.patch &&
 	sed -e "s/TS0/$timeGMT/" -e "s/TS1/$epocGMT/" <d >removeGMT.patch &&
+	sed -e "s/TS0/$timeWest/" -e "s/TS1/$epocWest2/" <d >removeWest2.patch &&
 
 	echo something >something &&
 	>empty
diff --git a/t/t4133-apply-filenames.sh b/t/t4133-apply-filenames.sh
index 3421807..94da990 100755
--- a/t/t4133-apply-filenames.sh
+++ b/t/t4133-apply-filenames.sh
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success setup '
-	cat > bad1.patch <<EOF
+	cat > bad1.patch <<EOF &&
 diff --git a/f b/f
 new file mode 100644
 index 0000000..d00491f
@@ -29,9 +29,9 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'apply diff with inconsistent filenames in headers' '
-	test_must_fail git apply bad1.patch 2>err
-	grep "inconsistent new filename" err
-	test_must_fail git apply bad2.patch 2>err
+	test_must_fail git apply bad1.patch 2>err &&
+	grep "inconsistent new filename" err &&
+	test_must_fail git apply bad2.patch 2>err &&
 	grep "inconsistent old filename" err
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t4134-apply-submodule.sh b/t/t4134-apply-submodule.sh
index 1b82f93..0043930 100755
--- a/t/t4134-apply-submodule.sh
+++ b/t/t4134-apply-submodule.sh
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success setup '
-	cat > create-sm.patch <<EOF
+	cat > create-sm.patch <<EOF &&
 diff --git a/dir/sm b/dir/sm
 new file mode 160000
 index 0000000..0123456
diff --git a/t/t4135-apply-weird-filenames.sh b/t/t4135-apply-weird-filenames.sh
index 1e5aad5..bf5dc57 100755
--- a/t/t4135-apply-weird-filenames.sh
+++ b/t/t4135-apply-weird-filenames.sh
@@ -72,4 +72,20 @@
 	test_cmp expected postimage.txt
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'traditional patch with colon in timezone' '
+	echo postimage >expected &&
+	reset_preimage &&
+	rm -f "post image.txt" &&
+	git apply "$vector/funny-tz.diff" &&
+	test_cmp expected "post image.txt"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'traditional, whitespace-damaged, colon in timezone' '
+	echo postimage >expected &&
+	reset_preimage &&
+	rm -f "post image.txt" &&
+	git apply "$vector/damaged-tz.diff" &&
+	test_cmp expected "post image.txt"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4135/damaged-tz.diff b/t/t4135/damaged-tz.diff
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..07aaf08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4135/damaged-tz.diff
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+diff -urN -X /usr/people/jes/exclude-linux linux-2.6.12-rc2-mm3-vanilla/post image.txt linux-2.6.12-rc2-mm3/post image.txt
+--- linux-2.6.12-rc2-mm3-vanilla/post image.txt 1969-12-31 16:00:00 -08:00
++++ linux-2.6.12-rc2-mm3/post image.txt 2005-04-12 02:14:06 -07:00
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++postimage
diff --git a/t/t4135/funny-tz.diff b/t/t4135/funny-tz.diff
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..998e3a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4135/funny-tz.diff
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+diff -urN -X /usr/people/jes/exclude-linux linux-2.6.12-rc2-mm3-vanilla/post image.txt linux-2.6.12-rc2-mm3/post image.txt
+--- linux-2.6.12-rc2-mm3-vanilla/post image.txt	1969-12-31 16:00:00 -08:00
++++ linux-2.6.12-rc2-mm3/post image.txt	2005-04-12 02:14:06 -07:00
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++postimage
diff --git a/t/t4150-am.sh b/t/t4150-am.sh
index 1c3d8ed..850fc96 100755
--- a/t/t4150-am.sh
+++ b/t/t4150-am.sh
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'am --signoff does not add Signed-off-by: line if already there' '
 	git format-patch --stdout HEAD^ >patch3 &&
-	sed -e "/^Subject/ s,\[PATCH,Re: Re: Re: & 1/5 v2," patch3 >patch4
+	sed -e "/^Subject/ s,\[PATCH,Re: Re: Re: & 1/5 v2," patch3 >patch4 &&
 	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git checkout HEAD^ &&
diff --git a/t/t4151-am-abort.sh b/t/t4151-am-abort.sh
index b55c411..c95c4cc 100755
--- a/t/t4151-am-abort.sh
+++ b/t/t4151-am-abort.sh
@@ -62,4 +62,13 @@
 
 done
 
+test_expect_success 'am --abort will keep the local commits intact' '
+	test_must_fail git am 0004-*.patch &&
+	test_commit unrelated &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD >expect &&
+	git am --abort &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4201-shortlog.sh b/t/t4201-shortlog.sh
index cdb70b4..6872ba1 100755
--- a/t/t4201-shortlog.sh
+++ b/t/t4201-shortlog.sh
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 		tr 1234 "\370\235\204\236")" a1 &&
 
 	echo 5 >a1 &&
-	git commit --quiet -m "a								12	34	56	78" a1
+	git commit --quiet -m "a								12	34	56	78" a1 &&
 
 	echo 6 >a1 &&
 	git commit --quiet -m "Commit by someone else" \
diff --git a/t/t4202-log.sh b/t/t4202-log.sh
index 2e51356..2fcc31a 100755
--- a/t/t4202-log.sh
+++ b/t/t4202-log.sh
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'setup case sensitivity tests' '
 	echo case >one &&
 	test_tick &&
-	git add one
+	git add one &&
 	git commit -a -m Second
 '
 
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@
 	test_commit octopus-b &&
 	git checkout master &&
 	test_commit seventh &&
-	git merge octopus-a octopus-b
+	git merge octopus-a octopus-b &&
 	git merge reach
 '
 
@@ -393,7 +393,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'log.decorate configuration' '
-	git config --unset-all log.decorate || :
+	test_might_fail git config --unset-all log.decorate &&
 
 	git log --oneline >expect.none &&
 	git log --oneline --decorate >expect.short &&
@@ -422,6 +422,15 @@
 	test_cmp expect.full actual &&
 
 	git config --unset-all log.decorate &&
+	git config log.decorate 1 &&
+	git log --oneline >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.short actual &&
+	git log --oneline --decorate=full >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.full actual &&
+	git log --oneline --decorate=no >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.none actual &&
+
+	git config --unset-all log.decorate &&
 	git config log.decorate short &&
 	git log --oneline >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect.short actual &&
diff --git a/t/t4203-mailmap.sh b/t/t4203-mailmap.sh
index 9a7d1b4..e818de6 100755
--- a/t/t4203-mailmap.sh
+++ b/t/t4203-mailmap.sh
@@ -4,6 +4,14 @@
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+fuzz_blame () {
+	sed "
+		s/$_x05[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]/OBJID/g
+		s/$_x05[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]/OBJI/g
+		s/[-0-9]\{10\} [:0-9]\{8\} [-+][0-9]\{4\}/DATE/g
+	" "$@"
+}
+
 test_expect_success setup '
 	echo one >one &&
 	git add one &&
@@ -11,6 +19,7 @@
 	git commit -m initial &&
 	echo two >>one &&
 	git add one &&
+	test_tick &&
 	git commit --author "nick1 <bugs@company.xx>" -m second
 '
 
@@ -54,7 +63,7 @@
 
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'mailmap.file set' '
-	mkdir internal_mailmap &&
+	mkdir -p internal_mailmap &&
 	echo "Internal Guy <bugs@company.xx>" > internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
 	git config mailmap.file internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
 	git shortlog HEAD >actual &&
@@ -93,6 +102,40 @@
 '
 
 cat >expect <<\EOF
+Internal Guy (1):
+      second
+
+Repo Guy (1):
+      initial
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'name entry after email entry' '
+	mkdir -p internal_mailmap &&
+	echo "<bugs@company.xy> <bugs@company.xx>" >internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	echo "Internal Guy <bugs@company.xx>" >>internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	git shortlog HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+Internal Guy (1):
+      second
+
+Repo Guy (1):
+      initial
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'name entry after email entry, case-insensitive' '
+	mkdir -p internal_mailmap &&
+	echo "<bugs@company.xy> <bugs@company.xx>" >internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	echo "Internal Guy <BUGS@Company.xx>" >>internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	git shortlog HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
 A U Thor (1):
       initial
 
@@ -101,7 +144,7 @@
 
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'No mailmap files, but configured' '
-	rm .mailmap &&
+	rm -f .mailmap internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
 	git shortlog HEAD >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
@@ -153,7 +196,7 @@
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit --author "CTO <cto@coompany.xx>" -m seventh &&
 
-	mkdir internal_mailmap &&
+	mkdir -p internal_mailmap &&
 	echo "Committed <committer@example.com>" > internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
 	echo "<cto@company.xx>                       <cto@coompany.xx>" >> internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
 	echo "Some Dude <some@dude.xx>         nick1 <bugs@company.xx>" >> internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
@@ -198,18 +241,18 @@
 
 # git blame
 cat >expect <<\EOF
-^3a2fdcb (A U Thor     2005-04-07 15:13:13 -0700 1) one
-7de6f99b (Some Dude    2005-04-07 15:13:13 -0700 2) two
-5815879d (Other Author 2005-04-07 15:14:13 -0700 3) three
-ff859d96 (Other Author 2005-04-07 15:15:13 -0700 4) four
-5ab6d4fa (Santa Claus  2005-04-07 15:16:13 -0700 5) five
-38a42d8b (Santa Claus  2005-04-07 15:17:13 -0700 6) six
-8ddc0386 (CTO          2005-04-07 15:18:13 -0700 7) seven
+^OBJI (A U Thor     DATE 1) one
+OBJID (Some Dude    DATE 2) two
+OBJID (Other Author DATE 3) three
+OBJID (Other Author DATE 4) four
+OBJID (Santa Claus  DATE 5) five
+OBJID (Santa Claus  DATE 6) six
+OBJID (CTO          DATE 7) seven
 EOF
-
 test_expect_success 'Blame output (complex mapping)' '
 	git blame one >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	fuzz_blame actual >actual.fuzz &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.fuzz
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4204-patch-id.sh b/t/t4204-patch-id.sh
index 68e2652..d2c930d 100755
--- a/t/t4204-patch-id.sh
+++ b/t/t4204-patch-id.sh
@@ -63,4 +63,40 @@
 	test_cmp patch-id_master patch-id_same
 '
 
+cat >nonl <<\EOF
+diff --git i/a w/a
+index e69de29..2e65efe 100644
+--- i/a
++++ w/a
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++a
+\ No newline at end of file
+diff --git i/b w/b
+index e69de29..6178079 100644
+--- i/b
++++ w/b
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++b
+EOF
+
+cat >withnl <<\EOF
+diff --git i/a w/a
+index e69de29..7898192 100644
+--- i/a
++++ w/a
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++a
+diff --git i/b w/b
+index e69de29..6178079 100644
+--- i/b
++++ w/b
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++b
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'patch-id handles no-nl-at-eof markers' '
+	cat nonl | calc_patch_id nonl &&
+	cat withnl | calc_patch_id withnl &&
+	test_cmp patch-id_nonl patch-id_withnl
+'
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4252-am-options.sh b/t/t4252-am-options.sh
index f603c1b..e758e63 100755
--- a/t/t4252-am-options.sh
+++ b/t/t4252-am-options.sh
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'apply to a funny path' '
-	with_sq="with'\''sq"
+	with_sq="with'\''sq" &&
 	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
 	git reset --hard initial &&
 	git am --directory="$with_sq" "$tm"/am-test-5-2 &&
diff --git a/t/t5300-pack-object.sh b/t/t5300-pack-object.sh
index bbb9c12..602806d 100755
--- a/t/t5300-pack-object.sh
+++ b/t/t5300-pack-object.sh
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success \
     'setup' \
-    'rm -f .git/index*
+    'rm -f .git/index* &&
      perl -e "print \"a\" x 4096;" > a &&
      perl -e "print \"b\" x 4096;" > b &&
      perl -e "print \"c\" x 4096;" > c &&
diff --git a/t/t5301-sliding-window.sh b/t/t5301-sliding-window.sh
index 0a24e61..2fc5af6 100755
--- a/t/t5301-sliding-window.sh
+++ b/t/t5301-sliding-window.sh
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success \
     'setup' \
-    'rm -f .git/index*
+    'rm -f .git/index* &&
      for i in a b c
      do
          echo $i >$i &&
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
      git repack -a -d &&
      test "`git count-objects`" = "0 objects, 0 kilobytes" &&
      pack2=`ls .git/objects/pack/*.pack` &&
-     test -f "$pack2"
+     test -f "$pack2" &&
      test "$pack1" \!= "$pack2"'
 
 test_expect_success \
diff --git a/t/t5302-pack-index.sh b/t/t5302-pack-index.sh
index fb3a270..b34ea93 100755
--- a/t/t5302-pack-index.sh
+++ b/t/t5302-pack-index.sh
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success \
     'setup' \
-    'rm -rf .git
+    'rm -rf .git &&
      git init &&
      git config pack.threads 1 &&
      i=1 &&
diff --git a/t/t5304-prune.sh b/t/t5304-prune.sh
index e2ed13d..d645328 100755
--- a/t/t5304-prune.sh
+++ b/t/t5304-prune.sh
@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@
 	BLOB=$(echo aleph_0 | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
 	BLOB_FILE=.git/objects/$(echo $BLOB | sed "s/^../&\//") &&
 	test $((1 + $before)) = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
-	test -f $BLOB_FILE
+	test -f $BLOB_FILE &&
+	test-chmtime =+0 $BLOB_FILE
 }
 
 test_expect_success setup '
diff --git a/t/t5400-send-pack.sh b/t/t5400-send-pack.sh
index 5bcf0b8..0eace37 100755
--- a/t/t5400-send-pack.sh
+++ b/t/t5400-send-pack.sh
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@
 	test "$victim_orig" = "$victim_head"
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'push --all excludes remote tracking hierarchy' '
+test_expect_success 'push --all excludes remote-tracking hierarchy' '
 	mkdir parent &&
 	(
 	    cd parent &&
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@
 	        +refs/heads/master:refs/heads/master
 	) &&
 	parent_head=$(cd parent && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
-	child_head=$(cd parent && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	child_head=$(cd child && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
 	test "$parent_head" = "$child_head"
 '
 
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@
 	        "+refs/heads/*:refs/heads/*"
 	) &&
 	parent_head=$(cd parent && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
-	child_head=$(cd parent && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	child_head=$(cd child && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
 	test "$parent_head" = "$child_head"
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t5407-post-rewrite-hook.sh b/t/t5407-post-rewrite-hook.sh
index 552da65..baa670c 100755
--- a/t/t5407-post-rewrite-hook.sh
+++ b/t/t5407-post-rewrite-hook.sh
@@ -10,7 +10,11 @@
 	test_commit A foo A &&
 	test_commit B foo B &&
 	test_commit C foo C &&
-	test_commit D foo D
+	test_commit D foo D &&
+	git checkout A^0 &&
+	test_commit E bar E &&
+	test_commit F foo F &&
+	git checkout master
 '
 
 mkdir .git/hooks
@@ -79,6 +83,18 @@
 	verify_hook_input
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git rebase --skip the last one' '
+	git reset --hard F &&
+	clear_hook_input &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --onto D A &&
+	git rebase --skip &&
+	echo rebase >expected.args &&
+	cat >expected.data <<EOF &&
+$(git rev-parse E) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+EOF
+	verify_hook_input
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'git rebase -m' '
 	git reset --hard D &&
 	clear_hook_input &&
diff --git a/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh b/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh
index 18376d6..bafcca7 100755
--- a/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh
+++ b/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
 		prev=$cur &&
 		cur=$(($cur+1))
 	done &&
-	add B1 $A1
+	add B1 $A1 &&
 	echo $ATIP > .git/refs/heads/A &&
 	echo $BTIP > .git/refs/heads/B &&
 	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/B
diff --git a/t/t5501-fetch-push-alternates.sh b/t/t5501-fetch-push-alternates.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..b5ced84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5501-fetch-push-alternates.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='fetch/push involving alternates'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+count_objects () {
+	loose=0 inpack=0
+	eval "$(
+		git count-objects -v |
+		sed -n -e 's/^count: \(.*\)/loose=\1/p' \
+		    -e 's/^in-pack: \(.*\)/inpack=\1/p'
+	)" &&
+	echo $(( $loose + $inpack ))
+}
+
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	(
+		git init original &&
+		cd original &&
+		i=0 &&
+		while test $i -le 100
+		do
+			echo "$i" >count &&
+			git add count &&
+			git commit -m "$i" || exit
+			i=$(($i + 1))
+		done
+	) &&
+	(
+		git clone --reference=original "file:///$(pwd)/original" one &&
+		cd one &&
+		echo Z >count &&
+		git add count &&
+		git commit -m Z &&
+		count_objects >../one.count
+	) &&
+	A=$(pwd)/original/.git/objects &&
+	git init receiver &&
+	echo "$A" >receiver/.git/objects/info/alternates &&
+	git init fetcher &&
+	echo "$A" >fetcher/.git/objects/info/alternates
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pushing into a repository with the same alternate' '
+	(
+		cd one &&
+		git push ../receiver master:refs/heads/it
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd receiver &&
+		count_objects >../receiver.count
+	) &&
+	test_cmp one.count receiver.count
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetching from a repository with the same alternate' '
+	(
+		cd fetcher &&
+		git fetch ../one master:refs/heads/it &&
+		count_objects >../fetcher.count
+	) &&
+	test_cmp one.count fetcher.count
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5502-quickfetch.sh b/t/t5502-quickfetch.sh
index 1037a72..7a46cbd 100755
--- a/t/t5502-quickfetch.sh
+++ b/t/t5502-quickfetch.sh
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
 		cd cloned &&
 		git count-objects | sed -e "s/ *objects,.*//"
 	) ) &&
-	test $cnt -eq 6
+	test $cnt -eq 6 &&
 
 	blob=$(git rev-parse HEAD:file | sed -e "s|..|&/|") &&
 	test -f "cloned/.git/objects/$blob" &&
diff --git a/t/t5503-tagfollow.sh b/t/t5503-tagfollow.sh
index aa0ada0..60de2d6 100755
--- a/t/t5503-tagfollow.sh
+++ b/t/t5503-tagfollow.sh
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success NOT_MINGW 'fetch A (new commit : 1 connection)' '
-	rm -f $U
+	rm -f $U &&
 	(
 		cd cloned &&
 		GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK=3 git fetch 3>../$U &&
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success NOT_MINGW 'fetch C, T (new branch, tag : 1 connection)' '
-	rm -f $U
+	rm -f $U &&
 	(
 		cd cloned &&
 		GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK=3 git fetch 3>../$U &&
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success NOT_MINGW 'fetch B, S (commit and tag : 1 connection)' '
-	rm -f $U
+	rm -f $U &&
 	(
 		cd cloned &&
 		GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK=3 git fetch 3>../$U &&
diff --git a/t/t5505-remote.sh b/t/t5505-remote.sh
index 5d1c66e..4e69c90 100755
--- a/t/t5505-remote.sh
+++ b/t/t5505-remote.sh
@@ -107,16 +107,18 @@
 )
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'remove remote protects non-remote branches' '
+test_expect_success 'remove remote protects local branches' '
 (
 	cd test &&
 	{ cat >expect1 <<EOF
-Note: A non-remote branch was not removed; to delete it, use:
+Note: A branch outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy was not removed;
+to delete it, use:
   git branch -d master
 EOF
 	} &&
 	{ cat >expect2 <<EOF
-Note: Non-remote branches were not removed; to delete them, use:
+Note: Some branches outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy were not removed;
+to delete them, use:
   git branch -d foobranch
   git branch -d master
 EOF
@@ -302,6 +304,84 @@
 	 git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/side)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'add --mirror=fetch' '
+	mkdir mirror-fetch &&
+	git init mirror-fetch/parent &&
+	(cd mirror-fetch/parent &&
+	 test_commit one) &&
+	git init --bare mirror-fetch/child &&
+	(cd mirror-fetch/child &&
+	 git remote add --mirror=fetch -f parent ../parent)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch mirrors act as mirrors during fetch' '
+	(cd mirror-fetch/parent &&
+	 git branch new &&
+	 git branch -m master renamed
+	) &&
+	(cd mirror-fetch/child &&
+	 git fetch parent &&
+	 git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/new &&
+	 git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/renamed
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch mirrors can prune' '
+	(cd mirror-fetch/child &&
+	 git remote prune parent &&
+	 test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/master
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch mirrors do not act as mirrors during push' '
+	(cd mirror-fetch/parent &&
+	 git checkout HEAD^0
+	) &&
+	(cd mirror-fetch/child &&
+	 git branch -m renamed renamed2 &&
+	 git push parent
+	) &&
+	(cd mirror-fetch/parent &&
+	 git rev-parse --verify renamed &&
+	 test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/renamed2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add --mirror=push' '
+	mkdir mirror-push &&
+	git init --bare mirror-push/public &&
+	git init mirror-push/private &&
+	(cd mirror-push/private &&
+	 test_commit one &&
+	 git remote add --mirror=push public ../public
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push mirrors act as mirrors during push' '
+	(cd mirror-push/private &&
+	 git branch new &&
+	 git branch -m master renamed &&
+	 git push public
+	) &&
+	(cd mirror-push/private &&
+	 git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/new &&
+	 git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/renamed &&
+	 test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/master
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push mirrors do not act as mirrors during fetch' '
+	(cd mirror-push/public &&
+	 git branch -m renamed renamed2 &&
+	 git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/renamed2
+	) &&
+	(cd mirror-push/private &&
+	 git fetch public &&
+	 git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/renamed &&
+	 test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/renamed2
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'add alt && prune' '
 	(mkdir alttst &&
 	 cd alttst &&
diff --git a/t/t5510-fetch.sh b/t/t5510-fetch.sh
index 9a88475..7e433b1 100755
--- a/t/t5510-fetch.sh
+++ b/t/t5510-fetch.sh
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'fetch must not resolve short remote name' '
 
 	cd "$D" &&
-	git update-ref refs/remotes/six/HEAD HEAD
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/six/HEAD HEAD &&
 
 	mkdir six &&
 	cd six &&
diff --git a/t/t5513-fetch-track.sh b/t/t5513-fetch-track.sh
index 9e74862..65d1e05 100755
--- a/t/t5513-fetch-track.sh
+++ b/t/t5513-fetch-track.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-test_description='fetch follows remote tracking branches correctly'
+test_description='fetch follows remote-tracking branches correctly'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
diff --git a/t/t5514-fetch-multiple.sh b/t/t5514-fetch-multiple.sh
index b737332..227dd56 100755
--- a/t/t5514-fetch-multiple.sh
+++ b/t/t5514-fetch-multiple.sh
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 	(
 		cd two && git branch another
 	) &&
-	git clone --mirror two three
+	git clone --mirror two three &&
 	git clone one test
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh b/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh
index b11da79..d73731e 100755
--- a/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh
+++ b/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh
@@ -586,7 +586,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'warn on push to HEAD of non-bare repository' '
-	mk_test heads/master
+	mk_test heads/master &&
 	(
 		cd testrepo &&
 		git checkout master &&
@@ -597,7 +597,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'deny push to HEAD of non-bare repository' '
-	mk_test heads/master
+	mk_test heads/master &&
 	(
 		cd testrepo &&
 		git checkout master &&
@@ -607,7 +607,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'allow push to HEAD of bare repository (bare)' '
-	mk_test heads/master
+	mk_test heads/master &&
 	(
 		cd testrepo &&
 		git checkout master &&
@@ -619,7 +619,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'allow push to HEAD of non-bare repository (config)' '
-	mk_test heads/master
+	mk_test heads/master &&
 	(
 		cd testrepo &&
 		git checkout master &&
diff --git a/t/t5519-push-alternates.sh b/t/t5519-push-alternates.sh
index 96be523..c00c9b0 100755
--- a/t/t5519-push-alternates.sh
+++ b/t/t5519-push-alternates.sh
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@
 	(
 		cd alice-pub &&
 		git cat-file commit master >../bob-work/commit
-	)
+	) &&
 	(
 		# This time Bob does not pull from Alice, and
 		# the master branch at her public repository points
diff --git a/t/t5520-pull.sh b/t/t5520-pull.sh
index 0b489f5..0e5eb67 100755
--- a/t/t5520-pull.sh
+++ b/t/t5520-pull.sh
@@ -46,6 +46,17 @@
 	test_cmp file cloned-uho/file
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'pulling into void does not overwrite untracked files' '
+	git init cloned-untracked &&
+	(
+		cd cloned-untracked &&
+		echo untracked >file &&
+		test_must_fail git pull .. master &&
+		echo untracked >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect file
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'test . as a remote' '
 
 	git branch copy master &&
@@ -222,4 +233,11 @@
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git pull --rebase against local branch' '
+	git checkout -b copy2 to-rebase-orig &&
+	git pull --rebase . to-rebase &&
+	test "conflicting modification" = "$(cat file)" &&
+	test file = "$(cat file2)"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5523-push-upstream.sh b/t/t5523-push-upstream.sh
index 00da707..c229fe6 100755
--- a/t/t5523-push-upstream.sh
+++ b/t/t5523-push-upstream.sh
@@ -2,9 +2,14 @@
 
 test_description='push with --set-upstream'
 . ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-terminal.sh
+
+ensure_fresh_upstream() {
+	rm -rf parent && git init --bare parent
+}
 
 test_expect_success 'setup bare parent' '
-	git init --bare parent &&
+	ensure_fresh_upstream &&
 	git remote add upstream parent
 '
 
@@ -66,4 +71,41 @@
 	check_config headbranch upstream refs/heads/headbranch
 '
 
+test_expect_success TTY 'progress messages go to tty' '
+	ensure_fresh_upstream &&
+
+	test_terminal git push -u upstream master >out 2>err &&
+	grep "Writing objects" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'progress messages do not go to non-tty' '
+	ensure_fresh_upstream &&
+
+	# skip progress messages, since stderr is non-tty
+	git push -u upstream master >out 2>err &&
+	! grep "Writing objects" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'progress messages go to non-tty (forced)' '
+	ensure_fresh_upstream &&
+
+	# force progress messages to stderr, even though it is non-tty
+	git push -u --progress upstream master >out 2>err &&
+	grep "Writing objects" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'push -q suppresses progress' '
+	ensure_fresh_upstream &&
+
+	test_terminal git push -u -q upstream master >out 2>err &&
+	! grep "Writing objects" err
+'
+
+test_expect_failure TTY 'push --no-progress suppresses progress' '
+	ensure_fresh_upstream &&
+
+	test_terminal git push -u --no-progress upstream master >out 2>err &&
+	! grep "Writing objects" err
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5526-fetch-submodules.sh b/t/t5526-fetch-submodules.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..a1fddd4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5526-fetch-submodules.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,453 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Copyright (c) 2010, Jens Lehmann
+
+test_description='Recursive "git fetch" for submodules'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+pwd=$(pwd)
+
+add_upstream_commit() {
+	(
+		cd submodule &&
+		head1=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+		echo new >> subfile &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git add subfile &&
+		git commit -m new subfile &&
+		head2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+		echo "From $pwd/submodule" > ../expect.err &&
+		echo "   $head1..$head2  master     -> origin/master" >> ../expect.err
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd deepsubmodule &&
+		head1=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+		echo new >> deepsubfile &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git add deepsubfile &&
+		git commit -m new deepsubfile &&
+		head2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+		echo "From $pwd/deepsubmodule" >> ../expect.err &&
+		echo "   $head1..$head2  master     -> origin/master" >> ../expect.err
+	)
+}
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	mkdir deepsubmodule &&
+	(
+		cd deepsubmodule &&
+		git init &&
+		echo deepsubcontent > deepsubfile &&
+		git add deepsubfile &&
+		git commit -m new deepsubfile
+	) &&
+	mkdir submodule &&
+	(
+		cd submodule &&
+		git init &&
+		echo subcontent > subfile &&
+		git add subfile &&
+		git submodule add "$pwd/deepsubmodule" deepsubmodule &&
+		git commit -a -m new
+	) &&
+	git submodule add "$pwd/submodule" submodule &&
+	git commit -am initial &&
+	git clone . downstream &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git submodule update --init --recursive
+	) &&
+	echo "Fetching submodule submodule" > expect.out &&
+	echo "Fetching submodule submodule/deepsubmodule" >> expect.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success "fetch --recurse-submodules recurses into submodules" '
+	add_upstream_commit &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git fetch --recurse-submodules >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
+	) &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.out actual.out &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "fetch alone only fetches superproject" '
+	add_upstream_commit &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git fetch >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
+	) &&
+	! test -s actual.out &&
+	! test -s actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "fetch --no-recurse-submodules only fetches superproject" '
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git fetch --no-recurse-submodules >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
+	) &&
+	! test -s actual.out &&
+	! test -s actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "using fetchRecurseSubmodules=true in .gitmodules recurses into submodules" '
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git config -f .gitmodules submodule.submodule.fetchRecurseSubmodules true &&
+		git fetch >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
+	) &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.out actual.out &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "--no-recurse-submodules overrides .gitmodules config" '
+	add_upstream_commit &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git fetch --no-recurse-submodules >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
+	) &&
+	! test -s actual.out &&
+	! test -s actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "using fetchRecurseSubmodules=false in .git/config overrides setting in .gitmodules" '
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git config submodule.submodule.fetchRecurseSubmodules false &&
+		git fetch >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
+	) &&
+	! test -s actual.out &&
+	! test -s actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "--recurse-submodules overrides fetchRecurseSubmodules setting from .git/config" '
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git fetch --recurse-submodules >../actual.out 2>../actual.err &&
+		git config --unset -f .gitmodules submodule.submodule.fetchRecurseSubmodules &&
+		git config --unset submodule.submodule.fetchRecurseSubmodules
+	) &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.out actual.out &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "--quiet propagates to submodules" '
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git fetch --recurse-submodules --quiet >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
+	) &&
+	! test -s actual.out &&
+	! test -s actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "--dry-run propagates to submodules" '
+	add_upstream_commit &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git fetch --recurse-submodules --dry-run >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
+	) &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.out actual.out &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "Without --dry-run propagates to submodules" '
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git fetch --recurse-submodules >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
+	) &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.out actual.out &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "recurseSubmodules=true propagates into submodules" '
+	add_upstream_commit &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git config fetch.recurseSubmodules true
+		git fetch >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
+	) &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.out actual.out &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "--recurse-submodules overrides config in submodule" '
+	add_upstream_commit &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		(
+			cd submodule &&
+			git config fetch.recurseSubmodules false
+		) &&
+		git fetch --recurse-submodules >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
+	) &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.out actual.out &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "--no-recurse-submodules overrides config setting" '
+	add_upstream_commit &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git config fetch.recurseSubmodules true
+		git fetch --no-recurse-submodules >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
+	) &&
+	! test -s actual.out &&
+	! test -s actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "Recursion doesn't happen when no new commits are fetched in the superproject" '
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		(
+			cd submodule &&
+			git config --unset fetch.recurseSubmodules
+		) &&
+		git config --unset fetch.recurseSubmodules
+		git fetch >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
+	) &&
+	! test -s actual.out &&
+	! test -s actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "Recursion stops when no new submodule commits are fetched" '
+	head1=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	git add submodule &&
+	git commit -m "new submodule" &&
+	head2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	echo "Fetching submodule submodule" > expect.out.sub &&
+	echo "From $pwd/." > expect.err.sub &&
+	echo "   $head1..$head2  master     -> origin/master" >> expect.err.sub
+	head -2 expect.err >> expect.err.sub &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git fetch >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
+	) &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.err.sub actual.err &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.out.sub actual.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success "Recursion doesn't happen when new superproject commits don't change any submodules" '
+	add_upstream_commit &&
+	head1=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	echo a > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m "new file" &&
+	head2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	echo "From $pwd/." > expect.err.file &&
+	echo "   $head1..$head2  master     -> origin/master" >> expect.err.file &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git fetch >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
+	) &&
+	! test -s actual.out &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.err.file actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "Recursion picks up config in submodule" '
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git fetch --recurse-submodules &&
+		(
+			cd submodule &&
+			git config fetch.recurseSubmodules true
+		)
+	) &&
+	add_upstream_commit &&
+	head1=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	git add submodule &&
+	git commit -m "new submodule" &&
+	head2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	echo "From $pwd/." > expect.err.sub &&
+	echo "   $head1..$head2  master     -> origin/master" >> expect.err.sub &&
+	cat expect.err >> expect.err.sub &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git fetch >../actual.out 2>../actual.err &&
+		(
+			cd submodule &&
+			git config --unset fetch.recurseSubmodules
+		)
+	) &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.err.sub actual.err &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.out actual.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success "Recursion picks up all submodules when necessary" '
+	add_upstream_commit &&
+	(
+		cd submodule &&
+		(
+			cd deepsubmodule &&
+			git fetch &&
+			git checkout -q FETCH_HEAD
+		) &&
+		head1=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD^) &&
+		git add deepsubmodule &&
+		git commit -m "new deepsubmodule"
+		head2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+		echo "From $pwd/submodule" > ../expect.err.sub &&
+		echo "   $head1..$head2  master     -> origin/master" >> ../expect.err.sub
+	) &&
+	head1=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	git add submodule &&
+	git commit -m "new submodule" &&
+	head2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	echo "From $pwd/." > expect.err.2 &&
+	echo "   $head1..$head2  master     -> origin/master" >> expect.err.2 &&
+	cat expect.err.sub >> expect.err.2 &&
+	tail -2 expect.err >> expect.err.2 &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git fetch >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
+	) &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.err.2 actual.err &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.out actual.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success "'--recurse-submodules=on-demand' doesn't recurse when no new commits are fetched in the superproject (and ignores config)" '
+	add_upstream_commit &&
+	(
+		cd submodule &&
+		(
+			cd deepsubmodule &&
+			git fetch &&
+			git checkout -q FETCH_HEAD
+		) &&
+		head1=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD^) &&
+		git add deepsubmodule &&
+		git commit -m "new deepsubmodule"
+		head2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+		echo "From $pwd/submodule" > ../expect.err.sub &&
+		echo "   $head1..$head2  master     -> origin/master" >> ../expect.err.sub
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git config fetch.recurseSubmodules true &&
+		git fetch --recurse-submodules=on-demand >../actual.out 2>../actual.err &&
+		git config --unset fetch.recurseSubmodules
+	) &&
+	! test -s actual.out &&
+	! test -s actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "'--recurse-submodules=on-demand' recurses as deep as necessary (and ignores config)" '
+	head1=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	git add submodule &&
+	git commit -m "new submodule" &&
+	head2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	tail -2 expect.err > expect.err.deepsub &&
+	echo "From $pwd/." > expect.err &&
+	echo "   $head1..$head2  master     -> origin/master" >> expect.err
+	cat expect.err.sub >> expect.err &&
+	cat expect.err.deepsub >> expect.err &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git config fetch.recurseSubmodules false &&
+		(
+			cd submodule &&
+			git config -f .gitmodules submodule.deepsubmodule.fetchRecursive false
+		) &&
+		git fetch --recurse-submodules=on-demand >../actual.out 2>../actual.err &&
+		git config --unset fetch.recurseSubmodules
+		(
+			cd submodule &&
+			git config --unset -f .gitmodules submodule.deepsubmodule.fetchRecursive
+		)
+	) &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.out actual.out &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "'--recurse-submodules=on-demand' stops when no new submodule commits are found in the superproject (and ignores config)" '
+	add_upstream_commit &&
+	head1=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	echo a >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m "new file" &&
+	head2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	echo "From $pwd/." > expect.err.file &&
+	echo "   $head1..$head2  master     -> origin/master" >> expect.err.file &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git fetch --recurse-submodules=on-demand >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
+	) &&
+	! test -s actual.out &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.err.file actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "'fetch.recurseSubmodules=on-demand' overrides global config" '
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git fetch --recurse-submodules
+	) &&
+	add_upstream_commit &&
+	git config --global fetch.recurseSubmodules false &&
+	head1=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	git add submodule &&
+	git commit -m "new submodule" &&
+	head2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	echo "From $pwd/." > expect.err.2 &&
+	echo "   $head1..$head2  master     -> origin/master" >> expect.err.2
+	head -2 expect.err >> expect.err.2 &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git config fetch.recurseSubmodules on-demand &&
+		git fetch >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
+	) &&
+	git config --global --unset fetch.recurseSubmodules &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git config --unset fetch.recurseSubmodules
+	) &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.out.sub actual.out &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.err.2 actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "'submodule.<sub>.fetchRecurseSubmodules=on-demand' overrides fetch.recurseSubmodules" '
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git fetch --recurse-submodules
+	) &&
+	add_upstream_commit &&
+	git config fetch.recurseSubmodules false &&
+	head1=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	git add submodule &&
+	git commit -m "new submodule" &&
+	head2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	echo "From $pwd/." > expect.err.2 &&
+	echo "   $head1..$head2  master     -> origin/master" >> expect.err.2
+	head -2 expect.err >> expect.err.2 &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git config submodule.submodule.fetchRecurseSubmodules on-demand &&
+		git fetch >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
+	) &&
+	git config --unset fetch.recurseSubmodules &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git config --unset submodule.submodule.fetchRecurseSubmodules
+	) &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.out.sub actual.out &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.err.2 actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "don't fetch submodule when newly recorded commits are already present" '
+	(
+		cd submodule &&
+		git checkout -q HEAD^^
+	) &&
+	head1=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	git add submodule &&
+	git commit -m "submodule rewound" &&
+	head2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	echo "From $pwd/." > expect.err &&
+	echo "   $head1..$head2  master     -> origin/master" >> expect.err &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git fetch >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
+	) &&
+	! test -s actual.out &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5531-deep-submodule-push.sh b/t/t5531-deep-submodule-push.sh
index 65d8d47..faa2e96 100755
--- a/t/t5531-deep-submodule-push.sh
+++ b/t/t5531-deep-submodule-push.sh
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 	mkdir pub.git &&
-	GIT_DIR=pub.git git init --bare
+	GIT_DIR=pub.git git init --bare &&
 	GIT_DIR=pub.git git config receive.fsckobjects true &&
 	mkdir work &&
 	(
diff --git a/t/t5532-fetch-proxy.sh b/t/t5532-fetch-proxy.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..62f2460
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5532-fetch-proxy.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='fetching via git:// using core.gitproxy'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup remote repo' '
+	git init remote &&
+	(cd remote &&
+	 echo content >file &&
+	 git add file &&
+	 git commit -m one
+	)
+'
+
+cat >proxy <<'EOF'
+#!/bin/sh
+echo >&2 "proxying for $*"
+cmd=`perl -e '
+	read(STDIN, $buf, 4);
+	my $n = hex($buf) - 4;
+	read(STDIN, $buf, $n);
+	my ($cmd, $other) = split /\0/, $buf;
+	# drop absolute-path on repo name
+	$cmd =~ s{ /}{ };
+	print $cmd;
+'`
+echo >&2 "Running '$cmd'"
+exec $cmd
+EOF
+chmod +x proxy
+test_expect_success 'setup local repo' '
+	git remote add fake git://example.com/remote &&
+	git config core.gitproxy ./proxy
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch through proxy works' '
+	git fetch fake &&
+	echo one >expect &&
+	git log -1 --format=%s FETCH_HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5541-http-push.sh b/t/t5541-http-push.sh
index b0c2a2c..d924056 100755
--- a/t/t5541-http-push.sh
+++ b/t/t5541-http-push.sh
@@ -128,12 +128,15 @@
 
 	# push master too; this ensures there is at least one '"'push'"' command to
 	# the remote helper and triggers interaction with the helper.
-	test_must_fail git push -v origin +master master:retsam >output 2>&1 &&
+	test_must_fail git push -v origin +master master:retsam >output 2>&1'
 
+test_expect_success 'push fails for non-fast-forward refs unmatched by remote helper: remote output' '
 	grep "^ + [a-f0-9]*\.\.\.[a-f0-9]* *master -> master (forced update)$" output &&
-	grep "^ ! \[rejected\] *master -> retsam (non-fast-forward)$" output &&
+	grep "^ ! \[rejected\] *master -> retsam (non-fast-forward)$" output
+'
 
-	grep "To prevent you from losing history, non-fast-forward updates were rejected" \
+test_expect_success 'push fails for non-fast-forward refs unmatched by remote helper: our output' '
+	test_i18ngrep "To prevent you from losing history, non-fast-forward updates were rejected" \
 		output
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t5550-http-fetch.sh b/t/t5550-http-fetch.sh
index 2fb48d0..a1883ca 100755
--- a/t/t5550-http-fetch.sh
+++ b/t/t5550-http-fetch.sh
@@ -30,18 +30,37 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone http repository' '
-	git clone $HTTPD_URL/dumb/repo.git clone &&
+	git clone $HTTPD_URL/dumb/repo.git clone-tmpl &&
+	cp -R clone-tmpl clone &&
 	test_cmp file clone/file
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'clone http repository with authentication' '
+	mkdir "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/auth/" &&
+	cp -Rf "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/auth/repo.git" &&
+	git clone $AUTH_HTTPD_URL/auth/repo.git clone-auth &&
+	test_cmp file clone-auth/file
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'fetch changes via http' '
 	echo content >>file &&
 	git commit -a -m two &&
-	git push public
+	git push public &&
 	(cd clone && git pull) &&
 	test_cmp file clone/file
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'fetch changes via manual http-fetch' '
+	cp -R clone-tmpl clone2 &&
+
+	HEAD=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	(cd clone2 &&
+	 git http-fetch -a -w heads/master-new $HEAD $(git config remote.origin.url) &&
+	 git checkout master-new &&
+	 test $HEAD = $(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)) &&
+	test_cmp file clone2/file
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'http remote detects correct HEAD' '
 	git push public master:other &&
 	(cd clone &&
diff --git a/t/t5551-http-fetch.sh b/t/t5551-http-fetch.sh
index fd19121..26d3557 100755
--- a/t/t5551-http-fetch.sh
+++ b/t/t5551-http-fetch.sh
@@ -101,5 +101,13 @@
 	test_cmp exp act
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'follow redirects (301)' '
+	git clone $HTTPD_URL/smart-redir-perm/repo.git --quiet repo-p
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'follow redirects (302)' '
+	git clone $HTTPD_URL/smart-redir-temp/repo.git --quiet repo-t
+'
+
 stop_httpd
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t556x_common b/t/t556x_common
index 51287d8..82926cf 100755
--- a/t/t556x_common
+++ b/t/t556x_common
@@ -52,21 +52,21 @@
 SMART=smart
 GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL=1 && export GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL
 test_expect_success 'direct refs/heads/master not found' '
-	log_div "refs/heads/master"
+	log_div "refs/heads/master" &&
 	GET refs/heads/master "404 Not Found"
 '
 test_expect_success 'static file is ok' '
-	log_div "getanyfile default"
+	log_div "getanyfile default" &&
 	get_static_files "200 OK"
 '
 SMART=smart_noexport
 unset GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL
 test_expect_success 'no export by default' '
-	log_div "no git-daemon-export-ok"
+	log_div "no git-daemon-export-ok" &&
 	get_static_files "404 Not Found"
 '
 test_expect_success 'export if git-daemon-export-ok' '
-	log_div "git-daemon-export-ok"
+	log_div "git-daemon-export-ok" &&
         (cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
 	 touch git-daemon-export-ok
 	) &&
@@ -75,47 +75,47 @@
 SMART=smart
 GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL=1 && export GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL
 test_expect_success 'static file if http.getanyfile true is ok' '
-	log_div "getanyfile true"
+	log_div "getanyfile true" &&
 	config http.getanyfile true &&
 	get_static_files "200 OK"
 '
 test_expect_success 'static file if http.getanyfile false fails' '
-	log_div "getanyfile false"
+	log_div "getanyfile false" &&
 	config http.getanyfile false &&
 	get_static_files "403 Forbidden"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'http.uploadpack default enabled' '
-	log_div "uploadpack default"
+	log_div "uploadpack default" &&
 	GET info/refs?service=git-upload-pack "200 OK"  &&
 	POST git-upload-pack 0000 "200 OK"
 '
 test_expect_success 'http.uploadpack true' '
-	log_div "uploadpack true"
+	log_div "uploadpack true" &&
 	config http.uploadpack true &&
 	GET info/refs?service=git-upload-pack "200 OK" &&
 	POST git-upload-pack 0000 "200 OK"
 '
 test_expect_success 'http.uploadpack false' '
-	log_div "uploadpack false"
+	log_div "uploadpack false" &&
 	config http.uploadpack false &&
 	GET info/refs?service=git-upload-pack "403 Forbidden" &&
 	POST git-upload-pack 0000 "403 Forbidden"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'http.receivepack default disabled' '
-	log_div "receivepack default"
+	log_div "receivepack default" &&
 	GET info/refs?service=git-receive-pack "403 Forbidden"  &&
 	POST git-receive-pack 0000 "403 Forbidden"
 '
 test_expect_success 'http.receivepack true' '
-	log_div "receivepack true"
+	log_div "receivepack true" &&
 	config http.receivepack true &&
 	GET info/refs?service=git-receive-pack "200 OK" &&
 	POST git-receive-pack 0000 "200 OK"
 '
 test_expect_success 'http.receivepack false' '
-	log_div "receivepack false"
+	log_div "receivepack false" &&
 	config http.receivepack false &&
 	GET info/refs?service=git-receive-pack "403 Forbidden" &&
 	POST git-receive-pack 0000 "403 Forbidden"
diff --git a/t/t5601-clone.sh b/t/t5601-clone.sh
index 987e0c8..151ea53 100755
--- a/t/t5601-clone.sh
+++ b/t/t5601-clone.sh
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'output from clone' '
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'output from clone' '
 	rm -fr dst &&
 	git clone -n "file://$(pwd)/src" dst >output &&
 	test $(grep Clon output | wc -l) = 1
@@ -164,7 +164,6 @@
 test_expect_success 'clone respects global branch.autosetuprebase' '
 	(
 		test_config="$HOME/.gitconfig" &&
-		unset GIT_CONFIG_NOGLOBAL &&
 		git config -f "$test_config" branch.autosetuprebase remote &&
 		rm -fr dst &&
 		git clone src dst &&
@@ -192,4 +191,20 @@
 	git clone x+y xy-regular
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'clone separate gitdir' '
+	rm -rf dst &&
+	git clone --separate-git-dir realgitdir src dst &&
+	test -d realgitdir/refs
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone separate gitdir: output' '
+	echo "gitdir: `pwd`/realgitdir" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected dst/.git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone separate gitdir where target already exists' '
+	rm -rf dst &&
+	test_must_fail git clone --separate-git-dir realgitdir src dst
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5602-clone-remote-exec.sh b/t/t5602-clone-remote-exec.sh
index deffdae..3f353d9 100755
--- a/t/t5602-clone-remote-exec.sh
+++ b/t/t5602-clone-remote-exec.sh
@@ -5,21 +5,29 @@
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success setup '
-	echo "#!/bin/sh" > not_ssh
-	echo "echo \"\$*\" > not_ssh_output" >> not_ssh
-	echo "exit 1" >> not_ssh
+	echo "#!/bin/sh" > not_ssh &&
+	echo "echo \"\$*\" > not_ssh_output" >> not_ssh &&
+	echo "exit 1" >> not_ssh &&
 	chmod +x not_ssh
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone calls git upload-pack unqualified with no -u option' '
-	GIT_SSH=./not_ssh git clone localhost:/path/to/repo junk
-	echo "localhost git-upload-pack '\''/path/to/repo'\''" >expected
+	(
+		GIT_SSH=./not_ssh &&
+		export GIT_SSH &&
+		test_must_fail git clone localhost:/path/to/repo junk
+	) &&
+	echo "localhost git-upload-pack '\''/path/to/repo'\''" >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected not_ssh_output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone calls specified git upload-pack with -u option' '
-	GIT_SSH=./not_ssh git clone -u ./something/bin/git-upload-pack localhost:/path/to/repo junk
-	echo "localhost ./something/bin/git-upload-pack '\''/path/to/repo'\''" >expected
+	(
+		GIT_SSH=./not_ssh &&
+		export GIT_SSH &&
+		test_must_fail git clone -u ./something/bin/git-upload-pack localhost:/path/to/repo junk
+	) &&
+	echo "localhost ./something/bin/git-upload-pack '\''/path/to/repo'\''" >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected not_ssh_output
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t5701-clone-local.sh b/t/t5701-clone-local.sh
index 8b4c356..6972258 100755
--- a/t/t5701-clone-local.sh
+++ b/t/t5701-clone-local.sh
@@ -10,11 +10,11 @@
 	git clone --bare . a.git &&
 	git clone --bare . x &&
 	test "$(GIT_CONFIG=a.git/config git config --bool core.bare)" = true &&
-	test "$(GIT_CONFIG=x/config git config --bool core.bare)" = true
+	test "$(GIT_CONFIG=x/config git config --bool core.bare)" = true &&
 	git bundle create b1.bundle --all &&
 	git bundle create b2.bundle master &&
 	mkdir dir &&
-	cp b1.bundle dir/b3
+	cp b1.bundle dir/b3 &&
 	cp b1.bundle b4
 '
 
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@
 	cd "$D" &&
 	git clone b2.bundle b2 &&
 	cd b2 &&
-	git fetch
+	git fetch &&
 	test ! -e .git/refs/heads/master
 '
 
@@ -144,4 +144,17 @@
 	test_must_fail git push)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'cloning non-existent directory fails' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	rm -rf does-not-exist &&
+	test_must_fail git clone does-not-exist
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cloning non-git directory fails' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	rm -rf not-a-git-repo not-a-git-repo-clone &&
+	mkdir not-a-git-repo &&
+	test_must_fail git clone not-a-git-repo not-a-git-repo-clone
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6000-rev-list-misc.sh b/t/t6000-rev-list-misc.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..b10685a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6000-rev-list-misc.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='miscellaneous rev-list tests'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo content1 >wanted_file &&
+	echo content2 >unwanted_file &&
+	git add wanted_file unwanted_file &&
+	git commit -m one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list --objects heeds pathspecs' '
+	git rev-list --objects HEAD -- wanted_file >output &&
+	grep wanted_file output &&
+	! grep unwanted_file output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list --objects with pathspecs and deeper paths' '
+	mkdir foo &&
+	>foo/file &&
+	git add foo/file &&
+	git commit -m two &&
+
+	git rev-list --objects HEAD -- foo >output &&
+	grep foo/file output &&
+
+	git rev-list --objects HEAD -- foo/file >output &&
+	grep foo/file output &&
+	! grep unwanted_file output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list --objects with pathspecs and copied files' '
+	git checkout --orphan junio-testcase &&
+	git rm -rf . &&
+
+	mkdir two &&
+	echo frotz >one &&
+	cp one two/three &&
+	git add one two/three &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m that &&
+
+	ONE=$(git rev-parse HEAD:one)
+	git rev-list --objects HEAD two >output &&
+	grep "$ONE two/three" output &&
+	! grep one output
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6001-rev-list-graft.sh b/t/t6001-rev-list-graft.sh
index fc57e7d..8efcd13 100755
--- a/t/t6001-rev-list-graft.sh
+++ b/t/t6001-rev-list-graft.sh
@@ -90,22 +90,22 @@
 for type in basic parents parents-raw
 do
 	test_expect_success 'without grafts' "
-		rm -f .git/info/grafts
+		rm -f .git/info/grafts &&
 		check $type $B2 -- $B2 $B1 $B0
 	"
 
 	test_expect_success 'with grafts' "
-		echo '$B0 $A2' >.git/info/grafts
+		echo '$B0 $A2' >.git/info/grafts &&
 		check $type $B2 -- $B2 $B1 $B0 $A2 $A1 $A0
 	"
 
 	test_expect_success 'without grafts, with pathlimit' "
-		rm -f .git/info/grafts
+		rm -f .git/info/grafts &&
 		check $type $B2 subdir -- $B2 $B0
 	"
 
 	test_expect_success 'with grafts, with pathlimit' "
-		echo '$B0 $A2' >.git/info/grafts
+		echo '$B0 $A2' >.git/info/grafts &&
 		check $type $B2 subdir -- $B2 $B0 $A2 $A0
 	"
 
diff --git a/t/t6004-rev-list-path-optim.sh b/t/t6004-rev-list-path-optim.sh
index 5dabf1c..3e8c42e 100755
--- a/t/t6004-rev-list-path-optim.sh
+++ b/t/t6004-rev-list-path-optim.sh
@@ -1,51 +1,96 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-test_description='git rev-list trivial path optimization test'
+test_description='git rev-list trivial path optimization test
+
+   d/z1
+   b0                             b1
+   o------------------------*----o master
+  /                        /
+ o---------o----o----o----o side
+ a0        c0   c1   a1   c2
+ d/f0      d/f1
+ d/z0
+
+'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success setup '
-echo Hello > a &&
-git add a &&
-git commit -m "Initial commit" a &&
-initial=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+	echo Hello >a &&
+	mkdir d &&
+	echo World >d/f &&
+	echo World >d/z &&
+	git add a d &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "Initial commit" &&
+	git rev-parse --verify HEAD &&
+	git tag initial
 '
 
 test_expect_success path-optimization '
-    commit=$(echo "Unchanged tree" | git commit-tree "HEAD^{tree}" -p HEAD) &&
-    test $(git rev-list $commit | wc -l) = 2 &&
-    test $(git rev-list $commit -- . | wc -l) = 1
+	test_tick &&
+	commit=$(echo "Unchanged tree" | git commit-tree "HEAD^{tree}" -p HEAD) &&
+	test $(git rev-list $commit | wc -l) = 2 &&
+	test $(git rev-list $commit -- . | wc -l) = 1
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'further setup' '
 	git checkout -b side &&
 	echo Irrelevant >c &&
-	git add c &&
+	echo Irrelevant >d/f &&
+	git add c d/f &&
+	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "Side makes an irrelevant commit" &&
+	git tag side_c0 &&
 	echo "More Irrelevancy" >c &&
 	git add c &&
+	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "Side makes another irrelevant commit" &&
 	echo Bye >a &&
 	git add a &&
+	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "Side touches a" &&
-	side=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	git tag side_a1 &&
 	echo "Yet more Irrelevancy" >c &&
 	git add c &&
+	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "Side makes yet another irrelevant commit" &&
 	git checkout master &&
 	echo Another >b &&
-	git add b &&
+	echo Munged >d/z &&
+	git add b d/z &&
+	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "Master touches b" &&
+	git tag master_b0 &&
 	git merge side &&
 	echo Touched >b &&
 	git add b &&
+	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "Master touches b again"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'path optimization 2' '
-	( echo "$side"; echo "$initial" ) >expected &&
+	git rev-parse side_a1 initial >expected &&
 	git rev-list HEAD -- a >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'pathspec with leading path' '
+	git rev-parse master^ master_b0 side_c0 initial >expected &&
+	git rev-list HEAD -- d >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pathspec with glob (1)' '
+	git rev-parse master^ master_b0 side_c0 initial >expected &&
+	git rev-list HEAD -- "d/*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pathspec with glob (2)' '
+	git rev-parse side_c0 initial >expected &&
+	git rev-list HEAD -- "d/[a-m]*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh b/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh
index cccacd4..d918cc0 100755
--- a/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh
+++ b/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh
@@ -162,6 +162,14 @@
 commit 86c75cfd708a0e5868dc876ed5b8bb66c80b4873
 EOF
 
+test_expect_success '%x00 shows NUL' '
+	echo  >expect commit f58db70b055c5718631e5c61528b28b12090cdea &&
+	echo >>expect fooQbar &&
+	git rev-list -1 --format=foo%x00bar HEAD >actual.nul &&
+	nul_to_q <actual.nul >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success '%ad respects --date=' '
 	echo 2005-04-07 >expect.ad-short &&
 	git log -1 --date=short --pretty=tformat:%ad >output.ad-short master &&
diff --git a/t/t6007-rev-list-cherry-pick-file.sh b/t/t6007-rev-list-cherry-pick-file.sh
index b565638..cacf3de 100755
--- a/t/t6007-rev-list-cherry-pick-file.sh
+++ b/t/t6007-rev-list-cherry-pick-file.sh
@@ -4,13 +4,14 @@
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-# A---B
+# A---B---D---F
 #  \
 #   \
-#    C
+#    C---E
 #
 # B changes a file foo.c, adding a line of text.  C changes foo.c as
 # well as bar.c, but the change in foo.c was identical to change B.
+# D and C change bar in the same way, E and F differently.
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 	echo Hallo > foo &&
@@ -25,11 +26,26 @@
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "C" &&
 	git tag C &&
+	echo Dello > bar &&
+	git add bar &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "E" &&
+	git tag E &&
 	git checkout master &&
 	git checkout branch foo &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "B" &&
-	git tag B
+	git tag B &&
+	echo Cello > bar &&
+	git add bar &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "D" &&
+	git tag D &&
+	echo Nello > bar &&
+	git add bar &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "F" &&
+	git tag F
 '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
@@ -53,8 +69,92 @@
 	test -z "$(git rev-list --left-right --cherry-pick B...C -- foo)"
 '
 
+cat >expect <<EOF
+>tags/C
+EOF
+
 test_expect_success '--cherry-pick bar does not come up empty' '
-	! test -z "$(git rev-list --left-right --cherry-pick B...C -- bar)"
+	git rev-list --left-right --cherry-pick B...C -- bar > actual &&
+	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs="*tags/*" \
+		< actual > actual.named &&
+	test_cmp actual.named expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bar does not come up empty' '
+	git rev-list --left-right B...C -- bar > actual &&
+	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs="*tags/*" \
+		< actual > actual.named &&
+	test_cmp actual.named expect
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+<tags/F
+>tags/E
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success '--cherry-pick bar does not come up empty (II)' '
+	git rev-list --left-right --cherry-pick F...E -- bar > actual &&
+	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs="*tags/*" \
+		< actual > actual.named &&
+	test_cmp actual.named expect
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
++tags/F
+=tags/D
++tags/E
+=tags/C
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success '--cherry-mark' '
+	git rev-list --cherry-mark F...E -- bar > actual &&
+	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs="*tags/*" \
+		< actual > actual.named &&
+	test_cmp actual.named expect
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+<tags/F
+=tags/D
+>tags/E
+=tags/C
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success '--cherry-mark --left-right' '
+	git rev-list --cherry-mark --left-right F...E -- bar > actual &&
+	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs="*tags/*" \
+		< actual > actual.named &&
+	test_cmp actual.named expect
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+tags/E
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success '--cherry-pick --right-only' '
+	git rev-list --cherry-pick --right-only F...E -- bar > actual &&
+	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs="*tags/*" \
+		< actual > actual.named &&
+	test_cmp actual.named expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--cherry-pick --left-only' '
+	git rev-list --cherry-pick --left-only E...F -- bar > actual &&
+	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs="*tags/*" \
+		< actual > actual.named &&
+	test_cmp actual.named expect
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
++tags/E
+=tags/C
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success '--cherry' '
+	git rev-list --cherry F...E -- bar > actual &&
+	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs="*tags/*" \
+		< actual > actual.named &&
+	test_cmp actual.named expect
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--cherry-pick with independent, but identical branches' '
@@ -75,11 +175,8 @@
 1	2
 EOF
 
-# Insert an extra commit to break the symmetry
 test_expect_success '--count --left-right' '
-	git checkout branch &&
-	test_commit D &&
-	git rev-list --count --left-right B...D > actual &&
+	git rev-list --count --left-right C...D > actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t6009-rev-list-parent.sh b/t/t6009-rev-list-parent.sh
index c8a96a9..3050740 100755
--- a/t/t6009-rev-list-parent.sh
+++ b/t/t6009-rev-list-parent.sh
@@ -1,14 +1,15 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-test_description='properly cull all ancestors'
+test_description='ancestor culling and limiting by parent number'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-commit () {
-	test_tick &&
-	echo $1 >file &&
-	git commit -a -m $1 &&
-	git tag $1
+check_revlist () {
+	rev_list_args="$1" &&
+	shift &&
+	git rev-parse "$@" >expect &&
+	git rev-list $rev_list_args --all >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 }
 
 test_expect_success setup '
@@ -16,13 +17,13 @@
 	touch file &&
 	git add file &&
 
-	commit one &&
+	test_commit one &&
 
-	test_tick=$(($test_tick - 2400))
+	test_tick=$(($test_tick - 2400)) &&
 
-	commit two &&
-	commit three &&
-	commit four &&
+	test_commit two &&
+	test_commit three &&
+	test_commit four &&
 
 	git log --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit
 '
@@ -35,4 +36,101 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'setup roots, merges and octopuses' '
+
+	git checkout --orphan newroot &&
+	test_commit five &&
+	git checkout -b sidebranch two &&
+	test_commit six &&
+	git checkout -b anotherbranch three &&
+	test_commit seven &&
+	git checkout -b yetanotherbranch four &&
+	test_commit eight &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_merge normalmerge newroot &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge -m tripus sidebranch anotherbranch &&
+	git tag tripus &&
+	git checkout -b tetrabranch normalmerge &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge -m tetrapus sidebranch anotherbranch yetanotherbranch &&
+	git tag tetrapus &&
+	git checkout master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list roots' '
+
+	check_revlist "--max-parents=0" one five
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list no merges' '
+
+	check_revlist "--max-parents=1" one eight seven six five four three two &&
+	check_revlist "--no-merges" one eight seven six five four three two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list no octopuses' '
+
+	check_revlist "--max-parents=2" one normalmerge eight seven six five four three two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list no roots' '
+
+	check_revlist "--min-parents=1" tetrapus tripus normalmerge eight seven six four three two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list merges' '
+
+	check_revlist "--min-parents=2" tetrapus tripus normalmerge &&
+	check_revlist "--merges" tetrapus tripus normalmerge
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list octopus' '
+
+	check_revlist "--min-parents=3" tetrapus tripus
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list ordinary commits' '
+
+	check_revlist "--min-parents=1 --max-parents=1" eight seven six four three two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list --merges --no-merges yields empty set' '
+
+	check_revlist "--min-parents=2 --no-merges" &&
+	check_revlist "--merges --no-merges" &&
+	check_revlist "--no-merges --merges"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list override and infinities' '
+
+	check_revlist "--min-parents=2 --max-parents=1 --max-parents=3" tripus normalmerge &&
+	check_revlist "--min-parents=1 --min-parents=2 --max-parents=7" tetrapus tripus normalmerge &&
+	check_revlist "--min-parents=2 --max-parents=8" tetrapus tripus normalmerge &&
+	check_revlist "--min-parents=2 --max-parents=-1" tetrapus tripus normalmerge &&
+	check_revlist "--min-parents=2 --no-max-parents" tetrapus tripus normalmerge &&
+	check_revlist "--max-parents=0 --min-parents=1 --no-min-parents" one five
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'dodecapus' '
+
+	roots= &&
+	for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
+	do
+		git checkout -b root$i five &&
+		test_commit $i &&
+		roots="$roots root$i" ||
+		return
+	done &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge -m dodecapus $roots &&
+	git tag dodecapus &&
+
+	check_revlist "--min-parents=4" dodecapus tetrapus &&
+	check_revlist "--min-parents=8" dodecapus &&
+	check_revlist "--min-parents=12" dodecapus &&
+	check_revlist "--min-parents=13" &&
+	check_revlist "--min-parents=4 --max-parents=11" tetrapus
+'
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6010-merge-base.sh b/t/t6010-merge-base.sh
index 62197a3..082032e 100755
--- a/t/t6010-merge-base.sh
+++ b/t/t6010-merge-base.sh
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@
 	R2=$(doit  3 R2 $R1) &&
 
 	PL=$(doit  4 PL $L2 $C2) &&
-	PR=$(doit  4 PR $C2 $R2)
+	PR=$(doit  4 PR $C2 $R2) &&
 
 	git name-rev $C2 >expected &&
 
diff --git a/t/t6016-rev-list-graph-simplify-history.sh b/t/t6016-rev-list-graph-simplify-history.sh
index 27fd52b..f7181d1 100755
--- a/t/t6016-rev-list-graph-simplify-history.sh
+++ b/t/t6016-rev-list-graph-simplify-history.sh
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 	# Octopus merge B and C into branch A
 	git checkout A &&
 	git merge B C &&
-	git tag A4
+	git tag A4 &&
 
 	test_commit A5 bar.txt &&
 
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
 	test_commit C4 bar.txt &&
 	git checkout A &&
 	git merge -s ours C &&
-	git tag A6
+	git tag A6 &&
 
 	test_commit A7 bar.txt &&
 
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@
 # that undecorated merges are interesting, even with --simplify-by-decoration
 test_expect_success '--graph --simplify-by-decoration' '
 	rm -f expected &&
-	git tag -d A4
+	git tag -d A4 &&
 	echo "* $A7" >> expected &&
 	echo "*   $A6" >> expected &&
 	echo "|\\  " >> expected &&
@@ -116,12 +116,15 @@
 	test_cmp expected actual
 	'
 
-# Get rid of all decorations on branch B, and graph with it simplified away
+test_expect_success 'setup: get rid of decorations on B' '
+	git tag -d B2 &&
+	git tag -d B1 &&
+	git branch -d B
+'
+
+# Graph with branch B simplified away
 test_expect_success '--graph --simplify-by-decoration prune branch B' '
 	rm -f expected &&
-	git tag -d B2
-	git tag -d B1
-	git branch -d B
 	echo "* $A7" >> expected &&
 	echo "*   $A6" >> expected &&
 	echo "|\\  " >> expected &&
@@ -143,9 +146,6 @@
 
 test_expect_success '--graph --full-history -- bar.txt' '
 	rm -f expected &&
-	git tag -d B2
-	git tag -d B1
-	git branch -d B
 	echo "* $A7" >> expected &&
 	echo "*   $A6" >> expected &&
 	echo "|\\  " >> expected &&
@@ -163,9 +163,6 @@
 
 test_expect_success '--graph --full-history --simplify-merges -- bar.txt' '
 	rm -f expected &&
-	git tag -d B2
-	git tag -d B1
-	git branch -d B
 	echo "* $A7" >> expected &&
 	echo "*   $A6" >> expected &&
 	echo "|\\  " >> expected &&
@@ -181,9 +178,6 @@
 
 test_expect_success '--graph -- bar.txt' '
 	rm -f expected &&
-	git tag -d B2
-	git tag -d B1
-	git branch -d B
 	echo "* $A7" >> expected &&
 	echo "* $A5" >> expected &&
 	echo "* $A3" >> expected &&
@@ -196,9 +190,6 @@
 
 test_expect_success '--graph --sparse -- bar.txt' '
 	rm -f expected &&
-	git tag -d B2
-	git tag -d B1
-	git branch -d B
 	echo "* $A7" >> expected &&
 	echo "* $A6" >> expected &&
 	echo "* $A5" >> expected &&
diff --git a/t/t6017-rev-list-stdin.sh b/t/t6017-rev-list-stdin.sh
index f1c32db..667b375 100755
--- a/t/t6017-rev-list-stdin.sh
+++ b/t/t6017-rev-list-stdin.sh
@@ -58,4 +58,21 @@
 check side-3 ^side-2
 check side-3 ^side-2 -- file-1
 
+test_expect_success 'not only --stdin' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	7
+
+	file-1
+	file-2
+	EOF
+	cat >input <<-EOF &&
+	^master^
+	--
+	file-2
+	EOF
+	git log --pretty=tformat:%s --name-only --stdin master -- file-1 \
+		<input >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6020-merge-df.sh b/t/t6020-merge-df.sh
index 490d397..eec8f4e 100755
--- a/t/t6020-merge-df.sh
+++ b/t/t6020-merge-df.sh
@@ -6,21 +6,26 @@
 test_description='Test merge with directory/file conflicts'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-test_expect_success 'prepare repository' \
-'echo "Hello" > init &&
-git add init &&
-git commit -m "Initial commit" &&
-git branch B &&
-mkdir dir &&
-echo "foo" > dir/foo &&
-git add dir/foo &&
-git commit -m "File: dir/foo" &&
-git checkout B &&
-echo "file dir" > dir &&
-git add dir &&
-git commit -m "File: dir"'
+test_expect_success 'prepare repository' '
+	echo Hello >init &&
+	git add init &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
 
-test_expect_code 1 'Merge with d/f conflicts' 'git merge "merge msg" B master'
+	git branch B &&
+	mkdir dir &&
+	echo foo >dir/foo &&
+	git add dir/foo &&
+	git commit -m "File: dir/foo" &&
+
+	git checkout B &&
+	echo file dir >dir &&
+	git add dir &&
+	git commit -m "File: dir"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Merge with d/f conflicts' '
+	test_expect_code 1 git merge "merge msg" B master
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'F/D conflict' '
 	git reset --hard &&
@@ -45,4 +50,51 @@
 	git merge master
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'setup modify/delete + directory/file conflict' '
+	git checkout --orphan modify &&
+	git rm -rf . &&
+	git clean -fdqx &&
+
+	printf "a\nb\nc\nd\ne\nf\ng\nh\n" >letters &&
+	git add letters &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+
+	echo i >>letters &&
+	git add letters &&
+	git commit -m modified &&
+
+	git checkout -b delete HEAD^ &&
+	git rm letters &&
+	mkdir letters &&
+	>letters/file &&
+	git add letters &&
+	git commit -m deleted
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'modify/delete + directory/file conflict' '
+	git checkout delete^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge modify &&
+
+	test 3 = $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
+	test 2 = $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
+	test 1 = $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
+
+	test -f letters/file &&
+	test -f letters~modify
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'modify/delete + directory/file conflict; other way' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git clean -f &&
+	git checkout modify^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge delete &&
+
+	test 3 = $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
+	test 2 = $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
+	test 1 = $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
+
+	test -f letters/file &&
+	test -f letters~HEAD
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6022-merge-rename.sh b/t/t6022-merge-rename.sh
index b66544b..1ed259d 100755
--- a/t/t6022-merge-rename.sh
+++ b/t/t6022-merge-rename.sh
@@ -3,6 +3,11 @@
 test_description='Merge-recursive merging renames'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+modify () {
+	sed -e "$1" <"$2" >"$2.x" &&
+	mv "$2.x" "$2"
+}
+
 test_expect_success setup \
 '
 cat >A <<\EOF &&
@@ -94,245 +99,147 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'pull renaming branch into unrenaming one' \
 '
-	git show-branch
-	git pull . white && {
-		echo "BAD: should have conflicted"
-		return 1
-	}
-	git ls-files -s
-	test "$(git ls-files -u B | wc -l)" -eq 3 || {
-		echo "BAD: should have left stages for B"
-		return 1
-	}
-	test "$(git ls-files -s N | wc -l)" -eq 1 || {
-		echo "BAD: should have merged N"
-		return 1
-	}
+	git show-branch &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git pull . white &&
+	git ls-files -s &&
+	git ls-files -u B >b.stages &&
+	test_line_count = 3 b.stages &&
+	git ls-files -s N >n.stages &&
+	test_line_count = 1 n.stages &&
 	sed -ne "/^g/{
 	p
 	q
-	}" B | grep master || {
-		echo "BAD: should have listed our change first"
-		return 1
-	}
-	test "$(git diff white N | wc -l)" -eq 0 || {
-		echo "BAD: should have taken colored branch"
-		return 1
-	}
+	}" B | grep master &&
+	git diff --exit-code white N
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pull renaming branch into another renaming one' \
 '
-	rm -f B
-	git reset --hard
-	git checkout red
-	git pull . white && {
-		echo "BAD: should have conflicted"
-		return 1
-	}
-	test "$(git ls-files -u B | wc -l)" -eq 3 || {
-		echo "BAD: should have left stages"
-		return 1
-	}
-	test "$(git ls-files -s N | wc -l)" -eq 1 || {
-		echo "BAD: should have merged N"
-		return 1
-	}
+	rm -f B &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout red &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git pull . white &&
+	git ls-files -u B >b.stages &&
+	test_line_count = 3 b.stages &&
+	git ls-files -s N >n.stages &&
+	test_line_count = 1 n.stages &&
 	sed -ne "/^g/{
 	p
 	q
-	}" B | grep red || {
-		echo "BAD: should have listed our change first"
-		return 1
-	}
-	test "$(git diff white N | wc -l)" -eq 0 || {
-		echo "BAD: should have taken colored branch"
-		return 1
-	}
+	}" B | grep red &&
+	git diff --exit-code white N
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pull unrenaming branch into renaming one' \
 '
-	git reset --hard
-	git show-branch
-	git pull . master && {
-		echo "BAD: should have conflicted"
-		return 1
-	}
-	test "$(git ls-files -u B | wc -l)" -eq 3 || {
-		echo "BAD: should have left stages"
-		return 1
-	}
-	test "$(git ls-files -s N | wc -l)" -eq 1 || {
-		echo "BAD: should have merged N"
-		return 1
-	}
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git show-branch &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git pull . master &&
+	git ls-files -u B >b.stages &&
+	test_line_count = 3 b.stages &&
+	git ls-files -s N >n.stages &&
+	test_line_count = 1 n.stages &&
 	sed -ne "/^g/{
 	p
 	q
-	}" B | grep red || {
-		echo "BAD: should have listed our change first"
-		return 1
-	}
-	test "$(git diff white N | wc -l)" -eq 0 || {
-		echo "BAD: should have taken colored branch"
-		return 1
-	}
+	}" B | grep red &&
+	git diff --exit-code white N
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pull conflicting renames' \
 '
-	git reset --hard
-	git show-branch
-	git pull . blue && {
-		echo "BAD: should have conflicted"
-		return 1
-	}
-	test "$(git ls-files -u A | wc -l)" -eq 1 || {
-		echo "BAD: should have left a stage"
-		return 1
-	}
-	test "$(git ls-files -u B | wc -l)" -eq 1 || {
-		echo "BAD: should have left a stage"
-		return 1
-	}
-	test "$(git ls-files -u C | wc -l)" -eq 1 || {
-		echo "BAD: should have left a stage"
-		return 1
-	}
-	test "$(git ls-files -s N | wc -l)" -eq 1 || {
-		echo "BAD: should have merged N"
-		return 1
-	}
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git show-branch &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git pull . blue &&
+	git ls-files -u A >a.stages &&
+	test_line_count = 1 a.stages &&
+	git ls-files -u B >b.stages &&
+	test_line_count = 1 b.stages &&
+	git ls-files -u C >c.stages &&
+	test_line_count = 1 c.stages &&
+	git ls-files -s N >n.stages &&
+	test_line_count = 1 n.stages &&
 	sed -ne "/^g/{
 	p
 	q
-	}" B | grep red || {
-		echo "BAD: should have listed our change first"
-		return 1
-	}
-	test "$(git diff white N | wc -l)" -eq 0 || {
-		echo "BAD: should have taken colored branch"
-		return 1
-	}
+	}" B | grep red &&
+	git diff --exit-code white N
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'interference with untracked working tree file' '
-
-	git reset --hard
-	git show-branch
-	echo >A this file should not matter
-	git pull . white && {
-		echo "BAD: should have conflicted"
-		return 1
-	}
-	test -f A || {
-		echo "BAD: should have left A intact"
-		return 1
-	}
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git show-branch &&
+	echo >A this file should not matter &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git pull . white &&
+	test_path_is_file A
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'interference with untracked working tree file' '
-
-	git reset --hard
-	git checkout white
-	git show-branch
-	rm -f A
-	echo >A this file should not matter
-	git pull . red && {
-		echo "BAD: should have conflicted"
-		return 1
-	}
-	test -f A || {
-		echo "BAD: should have left A intact"
-		return 1
-	}
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout white &&
+	git show-branch &&
+	rm -f A &&
+	echo >A this file should not matter &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git pull . red &&
+	test_path_is_file A
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'interference with untracked working tree file' '
-
-	git reset --hard
-	rm -f A M
-	git checkout -f master
-	git tag -f anchor
-	git show-branch
-	git pull . yellow || {
-		echo "BAD: should have cleanly merged"
-		return 1
-	}
-	test -f M && {
-		echo "BAD: should have removed M"
-		return 1
-	}
+	git reset --hard &&
+	rm -f A M &&
+	git checkout -f master &&
+	git tag -f anchor &&
+	git show-branch &&
+	git pull . yellow &&
+	test_path_is_missing M &&
 	git reset --hard anchor
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'updated working tree file should prevent the merge' '
-
-	git reset --hard
-	rm -f A M
-	git checkout -f master
-	git tag -f anchor
-	git show-branch
-	echo >>M one line addition
-	cat M >M.saved
-	git pull . yellow && {
-		echo "BAD: should have complained"
-		return 1
-	}
-	test_cmp M M.saved || {
-		echo "BAD: should have left M intact"
-		return 1
-	}
+	git reset --hard &&
+	rm -f A M &&
+	git checkout -f master &&
+	git tag -f anchor &&
+	git show-branch &&
+	echo >>M one line addition &&
+	cat M >M.saved &&
+	test_expect_code 128 git pull . yellow &&
+	test_cmp M M.saved &&
 	rm -f M.saved
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'updated working tree file should prevent the merge' '
-
-	git reset --hard
-	rm -f A M
-	git checkout -f master
-	git tag -f anchor
-	git show-branch
-	echo >>M one line addition
-	cat M >M.saved
-	git update-index M
-	git pull . yellow && {
-		echo "BAD: should have complained"
-		return 1
-	}
-	test_cmp M M.saved || {
-		echo "BAD: should have left M intact"
-		return 1
-	}
+	git reset --hard &&
+	rm -f A M &&
+	git checkout -f master &&
+	git tag -f anchor &&
+	git show-branch &&
+	echo >>M one line addition &&
+	cat M >M.saved &&
+	git update-index M &&
+	test_expect_code 128 git pull . yellow &&
+	test_cmp M M.saved &&
 	rm -f M.saved
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'interference with untracked working tree file' '
-
-	git reset --hard
-	rm -f A M
-	git checkout -f yellow
-	git tag -f anchor
-	git show-branch
-	echo >M this file should not matter
-	git pull . master || {
-		echo "BAD: should have cleanly merged"
-		return 1
-	}
-	test -f M || {
-		echo "BAD: should have left M intact"
-		return 1
-	}
-	git ls-files -s | grep M && {
-		echo "BAD: M must be untracked in the result"
-		return 1
-	}
+	git reset --hard &&
+	rm -f A M &&
+	git checkout -f yellow &&
+	git tag -f anchor &&
+	git show-branch &&
+	echo >M this file should not matter &&
+	git pull . master &&
+	test_path_is_file M &&
+	! {
+		git ls-files -s |
+		grep M
+	} &&
 	git reset --hard anchor
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge of identical changes in a renamed file' '
-	rm -f A M N
+	rm -f A M N &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git checkout change+rename &&
 	GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge change | grep "^Skipped B" &&
@@ -341,4 +248,365 @@
 	GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge change+rename | grep "^Skipped B"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'setup for rename + d/f conflicts' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout --orphan dir-in-way &&
+	git rm -rf . &&
+
+	mkdir sub &&
+	mkdir dir &&
+	printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n8\n9\n10\n" >sub/file &&
+	echo foo >dir/file-in-the-way &&
+	git add -A &&
+	git commit -m "Common commmit" &&
+
+	echo 11 >>sub/file &&
+	echo more >>dir/file-in-the-way &&
+	git add -u &&
+	git commit -m "Commit to merge, with dir in the way" &&
+
+	git checkout -b dir-not-in-way &&
+	git reset --soft HEAD^ &&
+	git rm -rf dir &&
+	git commit -m "Commit to merge, with dir removed" -- dir sub/file &&
+
+	git checkout -b renamed-file-has-no-conflicts dir-in-way~1 &&
+	git rm -rf dir &&
+	git rm sub/file &&
+	printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5555\n6\n7\n8\n9\n10\n" >dir &&
+	git add dir &&
+	git commit -m "Independent change" &&
+
+	git checkout -b renamed-file-has-conflicts dir-in-way~1 &&
+	git rm -rf dir &&
+	git mv sub/file dir &&
+	echo 12 >>dir &&
+	git add dir &&
+	git commit -m "Conflicting change"
+'
+
+printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5555\n6\n7\n8\n9\n10\n11\n" >expected
+
+test_expect_success 'Rename+D/F conflict; renamed file merges + dir not in way' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -q renamed-file-has-no-conflicts^0 &&
+	git merge --strategy=recursive dir-not-in-way &&
+	git diff --quiet &&
+	test -f dir &&
+	test_cmp expected dir
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Rename+D/F conflict; renamed file merges but dir in way' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	rm -rf dir~* &&
+	git checkout -q renamed-file-has-no-conflicts^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --strategy=recursive dir-in-way >output &&
+
+	grep "CONFLICT (delete/modify): dir/file-in-the-way" output &&
+	grep "Auto-merging dir" output &&
+	grep "Adding as dir~HEAD instead" output &&
+
+	test 2 -eq "$(git ls-files -u | wc -l)" &&
+	test 2 -eq "$(git ls-files -u dir/file-in-the-way | wc -l)" &&
+
+	test_must_fail git diff --quiet &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --cached --quiet &&
+
+	test -f dir/file-in-the-way &&
+	test -f dir~HEAD &&
+	test_cmp expected dir~HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Same as previous, but merged other way' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	rm -rf dir~* &&
+	git checkout -q dir-in-way^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --strategy=recursive renamed-file-has-no-conflicts >output 2>errors &&
+
+	! grep "error: refusing to lose untracked file at" errors &&
+	grep "CONFLICT (delete/modify): dir/file-in-the-way" output &&
+	grep "Auto-merging dir" output &&
+	grep "Adding as dir~renamed-file-has-no-conflicts instead" output &&
+
+	test 2 -eq "$(git ls-files -u | wc -l)" &&
+	test 2 -eq "$(git ls-files -u dir/file-in-the-way | wc -l)" &&
+
+	test_must_fail git diff --quiet &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --cached --quiet &&
+
+	test -f dir/file-in-the-way &&
+	test -f dir~renamed-file-has-no-conflicts &&
+	test_cmp expected dir~renamed-file-has-no-conflicts
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
+6
+7
+8
+9
+10
+<<<<<<< HEAD
+12
+=======
+11
+>>>>>>> dir-not-in-way
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Rename+D/F conflict; renamed file cannot merge, dir not in way' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	rm -rf dir~* &&
+	git checkout -q renamed-file-has-conflicts^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --strategy=recursive dir-not-in-way &&
+
+	test 3 -eq "$(git ls-files -u | wc -l)" &&
+	test 3 -eq "$(git ls-files -u dir | wc -l)" &&
+
+	test_must_fail git diff --quiet &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --cached --quiet &&
+
+	test -f dir &&
+	test_cmp expected dir
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Rename+D/F conflict; renamed file cannot merge and dir in the way' '
+	modify s/dir-not-in-way/dir-in-way/ expected &&
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	rm -rf dir~* &&
+	git checkout -q renamed-file-has-conflicts^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --strategy=recursive dir-in-way &&
+
+	test 5 -eq "$(git ls-files -u | wc -l)" &&
+	test 3 -eq "$(git ls-files -u dir | grep -v file-in-the-way | wc -l)" &&
+	test 2 -eq "$(git ls-files -u dir/file-in-the-way | wc -l)" &&
+
+	test_must_fail git diff --quiet &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --cached --quiet &&
+
+	test -f dir/file-in-the-way &&
+	test -f dir~HEAD &&
+	test_cmp expected dir~HEAD
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
+6
+7
+8
+9
+10
+<<<<<<< HEAD
+11
+=======
+12
+>>>>>>> renamed-file-has-conflicts
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Same as previous, but merged other way' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	rm -rf dir~* &&
+	git checkout -q dir-in-way^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --strategy=recursive renamed-file-has-conflicts &&
+
+	test 5 -eq "$(git ls-files -u | wc -l)" &&
+	test 3 -eq "$(git ls-files -u dir | grep -v file-in-the-way | wc -l)" &&
+	test 2 -eq "$(git ls-files -u dir/file-in-the-way | wc -l)" &&
+
+	test_must_fail git diff --quiet &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --cached --quiet &&
+
+	test -f dir/file-in-the-way &&
+	test -f dir~renamed-file-has-conflicts &&
+	test_cmp expected dir~renamed-file-has-conflicts
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup both rename source and destination involved in D/F conflict' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout --orphan rename-dest &&
+	git rm -rf . &&
+	git clean -fdqx &&
+
+	mkdir one &&
+	echo stuff >one/file &&
+	git add -A &&
+	git commit -m "Common commmit" &&
+
+	git mv one/file destdir &&
+	git commit -m "Renamed to destdir" &&
+
+	git checkout -b source-conflict HEAD~1 &&
+	git rm -rf one &&
+	mkdir destdir &&
+	touch one destdir/foo &&
+	git add -A &&
+	git commit -m "Conflicts in the way"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'both rename source and destination involved in D/F conflict' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	rm -rf dir~* &&
+	git checkout -q rename-dest^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --strategy=recursive source-conflict &&
+
+	test 1 -eq "$(git ls-files -u | wc -l)" &&
+
+	test_must_fail git diff --quiet &&
+
+	test -f destdir/foo &&
+	test -f one &&
+	test -f destdir~HEAD &&
+	test "stuff" = "$(cat destdir~HEAD)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup pair rename to parent of other (D/F conflicts)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout --orphan rename-two &&
+	git rm -rf . &&
+	git clean -fdqx &&
+
+	mkdir one &&
+	mkdir two &&
+	echo stuff >one/file &&
+	echo other >two/file &&
+	git add -A &&
+	git commit -m "Common commmit" &&
+
+	git rm -rf one &&
+	git mv two/file one &&
+	git commit -m "Rename two/file -> one" &&
+
+	git checkout -b rename-one HEAD~1 &&
+	git rm -rf two &&
+	git mv one/file two &&
+	rm -r one &&
+	git commit -m "Rename one/file -> two"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pair rename to parent of other (D/F conflicts) w/ untracked dir' '
+	git checkout -q rename-one^0 &&
+	mkdir one &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --strategy=recursive rename-two &&
+
+	test 2 -eq "$(git ls-files -u | wc -l)" &&
+	test 1 -eq "$(git ls-files -u one | wc -l)" &&
+	test 1 -eq "$(git ls-files -u two | wc -l)" &&
+
+	test_must_fail git diff --quiet &&
+
+	test 4 -eq $(find . | grep -v .git | wc -l) &&
+
+	test -d one &&
+	test -f one~rename-two &&
+	test -f two &&
+	test "other" = $(cat one~rename-two) &&
+	test "stuff" = $(cat two)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pair rename to parent of other (D/F conflicts) w/ clean start' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git clean -fdqx &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --strategy=recursive rename-two &&
+
+	test 2 -eq "$(git ls-files -u | wc -l)" &&
+	test 1 -eq "$(git ls-files -u one | wc -l)" &&
+	test 1 -eq "$(git ls-files -u two | wc -l)" &&
+
+	test_must_fail git diff --quiet &&
+
+	test 3 -eq $(find . | grep -v .git | wc -l) &&
+
+	test -f one &&
+	test -f two &&
+	test "other" = $(cat one) &&
+	test "stuff" = $(cat two)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup rename of one file to two, with directories in the way' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout --orphan first-rename &&
+	git rm -rf . &&
+	git clean -fdqx &&
+
+	echo stuff >original &&
+	git add -A &&
+	git commit -m "Common commmit" &&
+
+	mkdir two &&
+	>two/file &&
+	git add two/file &&
+	git mv original one &&
+	git commit -m "Put two/file in the way, rename to one" &&
+
+	git checkout -b second-rename HEAD~1 &&
+	mkdir one &&
+	>one/file &&
+	git add one/file &&
+	git mv original two &&
+	git commit -m "Put one/file in the way, rename to two"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check handling of differently renamed file with D/F conflicts' '
+	git checkout -q first-rename^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --strategy=recursive second-rename &&
+
+	test 5 -eq "$(git ls-files -s | wc -l)" &&
+	test 3 -eq "$(git ls-files -u | wc -l)" &&
+	test 1 -eq "$(git ls-files -u one | wc -l)" &&
+	test 1 -eq "$(git ls-files -u two | wc -l)" &&
+	test 1 -eq "$(git ls-files -u original | wc -l)" &&
+	test 2 -eq "$(git ls-files -o | wc -l)" &&
+
+	test -f one/file &&
+	test -f two/file &&
+	test -f one~HEAD &&
+	test -f two~second-rename &&
+	! test -f original
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup rename one file to two; directories moving out of the way' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout --orphan first-rename-redo &&
+	git rm -rf . &&
+	git clean -fdqx &&
+
+	echo stuff >original &&
+	mkdir one two &&
+	touch one/file two/file &&
+	git add -A &&
+	git commit -m "Common commmit" &&
+
+	git rm -rf one &&
+	git mv original one &&
+	git commit -m "Rename to one" &&
+
+	git checkout -b second-rename-redo HEAD~1 &&
+	git rm -rf two &&
+	git mv original two &&
+	git commit -m "Rename to two"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check handling of differently renamed file with D/F conflicts' '
+	git checkout -q first-rename-redo^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --strategy=recursive second-rename-redo &&
+
+	test 3 -eq "$(git ls-files -u | wc -l)" &&
+	test 1 -eq "$(git ls-files -u one | wc -l)" &&
+	test 1 -eq "$(git ls-files -u two | wc -l)" &&
+	test 1 -eq "$(git ls-files -u original | wc -l)" &&
+	test 0 -eq "$(git ls-files -o | wc -l)" &&
+
+	test -f one &&
+	test -f two &&
+	! test -f original
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6023-merge-file.sh b/t/t6023-merge-file.sh
index d486d73..d9f3439 100755
--- a/t/t6023-merge-file.sh
+++ b/t/t6023-merge-file.sh
@@ -64,6 +64,14 @@
 test_expect_success "merge without conflict" \
 	"git merge-file test.txt orig.txt new2.txt"
 
+test_expect_success 'works in subdirectory' '
+	mkdir dir &&
+	cp new1.txt dir/a.txt &&
+	cp orig.txt dir/o.txt &&
+	cp new2.txt dir/b.txt &&
+	( cd dir && git merge-file a.txt o.txt b.txt )
+'
+
 cp new1.txt test.txt
 test_expect_success "merge without conflict (--quiet)" \
 	"git merge-file --quiet test.txt orig.txt new2.txt"
diff --git a/t/t6024-recursive-merge.sh b/t/t6024-recursive-merge.sh
index b3fbf65..755d30c 100755
--- a/t/t6024-recursive-merge.sh
+++ b/t/t6024-recursive-merge.sh
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m delete &&
 	git checkout -b rename HEAD^ &&
-	git mv a1 a2
+	git mv a1 a2 &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m rename &&
 	test_must_fail git merge delete &&
diff --git a/t/t6029-merge-subtree.sh b/t/t6029-merge-subtree.sh
index 3900d9f..73fc240 100755
--- a/t/t6029-merge-subtree.sh
+++ b/t/t6029-merge-subtree.sh
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 
-	s="1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8"
+	s="1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8" &&
 	for i in $s; do echo $i; done >hello &&
 	git add hello &&
 	git commit -m initial &&
diff --git a/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh b/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh
index 3b042aa..b5063b6 100755
--- a/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh
+++ b/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh
@@ -517,13 +517,13 @@
 	add_line_into_file "2(para): line 2 on parallel branch" dir2/file2 &&
 	PARA_HASH2=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	add_line_into_file "3(para): line 3 on parallel branch" dir2/file3 &&
-	PARA_HASH3=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+	PARA_HASH3=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	git merge -m "merge HASH4 and PARA_HASH3" "$HASH4" &&
-	PARA_HASH4=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+	PARA_HASH4=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	add_line_into_file "5(para): add line on parallel branch" dir1/file1 &&
-	PARA_HASH5=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+	PARA_HASH5=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	add_line_into_file "6(para): add line on parallel branch" dir2/file2 &&
-	PARA_HASH6=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+	PARA_HASH6=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	git merge -m "merge HASH7 and PARA_HASH6" "$HASH7" &&
 	PARA_HASH7=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
 '
diff --git a/t/t6032-merge-large-rename.sh b/t/t6032-merge-large-rename.sh
index eac5eba..fdb6c25 100755
--- a/t/t6032-merge-large-rename.sh
+++ b/t/t6032-merge-large-rename.sh
@@ -70,4 +70,34 @@
 test_rename 5 ok
 test_rename 6 fail
 
+test_expect_success 'setup large simple rename' '
+	git config --unset merge.renamelimit &&
+	git config --unset diff.renamelimit &&
+
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	for i in $(count 200); do
+		make_text foo bar baz >$i
+	done &&
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -m create-files &&
+
+	git branch simple-change &&
+	git checkout -b simple-rename &&
+
+	mkdir builtin &&
+	git mv [0-9]* builtin/ &&
+	git commit -m renamed &&
+
+	git checkout simple-change &&
+	>unrelated-change &&
+	git add unrelated-change &&
+	git commit -m unrelated-change
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'massive simple rename does not spam added files' '
+	unset GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY &&
+	git merge --no-stat simple-rename | grep -v Removing >output &&
+	test 5 -gt "$(wc -l < output)"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6035-merge-dir-to-symlink.sh b/t/t6035-merge-dir-to-symlink.sh
index 92e02d5..2599ae5 100755
--- a/t/t6035-merge-dir-to-symlink.sh
+++ b/t/t6035-merge-dir-to-symlink.sh
@@ -17,13 +17,21 @@
 	git commit -m "dir to symlink"
 '
 
-test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'keep a/b-2/c/d across checkout' '
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'checkout does not clobber untracked symlink' '
 	git checkout HEAD^0 &&
 	git reset --hard master &&
 	git rm --cached a/b &&
 	git commit -m "untracked symlink remains" &&
-	 git checkout start^0 &&
-	 test -f a/b-2/c/d
+	test_must_fail git checkout start^0
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'a/b-2/c/d is kept when clobbering symlink b' '
+	git checkout HEAD^0 &&
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git rm --cached a/b &&
+	git commit -m "untracked symlink remains" &&
+	git checkout -f start^0 &&
+	test -f a/b-2/c/d
 '
 
 test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'checkout should not have deleted a/b-2/c/d' '
diff --git a/t/t6036-recursive-corner-cases.sh b/t/t6036-recursive-corner-cases.sh
index b874141..871577d 100755
--- a/t/t6036-recursive-corner-cases.sh
+++ b/t/t6036-recursive-corner-cases.sh
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
 #  R1  R2
 #
 
-test_expect_success setup '
-	ten="0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9"
+test_expect_success 'setup basic criss-cross + rename with no modifications' '
+	ten="0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9" &&
 	for i in $ten
 	do
 		echo line $i in a sample file
@@ -45,11 +45,190 @@
 	git tag R2
 '
 
-test_expect_success merge '
+test_expect_success 'merge simple rename+criss-cross with no modifications' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git checkout L2^0 &&
 
-	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive R2^0
+	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive R2^0 &&
+
+	test 5 = $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
+	test 3 = $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
+	test 0 = $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
+
+	test $(git rev-parse :0:one) = $(git rev-parse L2:one) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse :0:two) = $(git rev-parse R2:two) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse :2:three) = $(git rev-parse L2:three) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse :3:three) = $(git rev-parse R2:three) &&
+
+	cp two merged &&
+	>empty &&
+	test_must_fail git merge-file \
+		-L "Temporary merge branch 2" \
+		-L "" \
+		-L "Temporary merge branch 1" \
+		merged empty one &&
+	test $(git rev-parse :1:three) = $(git hash-object merged)
+'
+
+#
+# Same as before, but modify L1 slightly:
+#
+#  L1m L2
+#   o---o
+#  / \ / \
+# o   X   ?
+#  \ / \ /
+#   o---o
+#  R1  R2
+#
+
+test_expect_success 'setup criss-cross + rename merges with basic modification' '
+	git rm -rf . &&
+	git clean -fdqx &&
+	rm -rf .git &&
+	git init &&
+
+	ten="0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9"
+	for i in $ten
+	do
+		echo line $i in a sample file
+	done >one &&
+	for i in $ten
+	do
+		echo line $i in another sample file
+	done >two &&
+	git add one two &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m initial &&
+
+	git branch L1 &&
+	git checkout -b R1 &&
+	git mv one three &&
+	echo more >>two &&
+	git add two &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m R1 &&
+
+	git checkout L1 &&
+	git mv two three &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m L1 &&
+
+	git checkout L1^0 &&
+	test_tick && git merge -s ours R1 &&
+	git tag L2 &&
+
+	git checkout R1^0 &&
+	test_tick && git merge -s ours L1 &&
+	git tag R2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge criss-cross + rename merges with basic modification' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout L2^0 &&
+
+	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive R2^0 &&
+
+	test 5 = $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
+	test 3 = $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
+	test 0 = $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
+
+	test $(git rev-parse :0:one) = $(git rev-parse L2:one) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse :0:two) = $(git rev-parse R2:two) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse :2:three) = $(git rev-parse L2:three) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse :3:three) = $(git rev-parse R2:three) &&
+
+	head -n 10 two >merged &&
+	cp one merge-me &&
+	>empty &&
+	test_must_fail git merge-file \
+		-L "Temporary merge branch 2" \
+		-L "" \
+		-L "Temporary merge branch 1" \
+		merged empty merge-me &&
+	test $(git rev-parse :1:three) = $(git hash-object merged)
+'
+
+#
+# For the next test, we start with three commits in two lines of development
+# which setup a rename/add conflict:
+#   Commit A: File 'a' exists
+#   Commit B: Rename 'a' -> 'new_a'
+#   Commit C: Modify 'a', create different 'new_a'
+# Later, two different people merge and resolve differently:
+#   Commit D: Merge B & C, ignoring separately created 'new_a'
+#   Commit E: Merge B & C making use of some piece of secondary 'new_a'
+# Finally, someone goes to merge D & E.  Does git detect the conflict?
+#
+#      B   D
+#      o---o
+#     / \ / \
+#  A o   X   ? F
+#     \ / \ /
+#      o---o
+#      C   E
+#
+
+test_expect_success 'setup differently handled merges of rename/add conflict' '
+	git rm -rf . &&
+	git clean -fdqx &&
+	rm -rf .git &&
+	git init &&
+
+	printf "0\n1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n8\n9\n" >a &&
+	git add a &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m A &&
+
+	git branch B &&
+	git checkout -b C &&
+	echo 10 >>a &&
+	echo "other content" >>new_a &&
+	git add a new_a &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m C &&
+
+	git checkout B &&
+	git mv a new_a &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m B &&
+
+	git checkout B^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge C &&
+	git clean -f &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m D &&
+	git tag D &&
+
+	git checkout C^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge B &&
+	rm new_a~HEAD new_a &&
+	printf "Incorrectly merged content" >>new_a &&
+	git add -u &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m E &&
+	git tag E
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git detects differently handled merges conflict' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout D^0 &&
+
+	git merge -s recursive E^0 && {
+		echo "BAD: should have conflicted"
+		test "Incorrectly merged content" = "$(cat new_a)" &&
+			echo "BAD: Silently accepted wrong content"
+		return 1
+	}
+
+	test 3 = $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
+	test 3 = $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
+	test 0 = $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
+
+	test $(git rev-parse :2:new_a) = $(git rev-parse D:new_a) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse :3:new_a) = $(git rev-parse E:new_a) &&
+
+	git cat-file -p B:new_a >>merged &&
+	git cat-file -p C:new_a >>merge-me &&
+	>empty &&
+	test_must_fail git merge-file \
+		-L "Temporary merge branch 2" \
+		-L "" \
+		-L "Temporary merge branch 1" \
+		merged empty merge-me &&
+	test $(git rev-parse :1:new_a) = $(git hash-object merged)
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6038-merge-text-auto.sh b/t/t6038-merge-text-auto.sh
index 460bf74..d9c2d38 100755
--- a/t/t6038-merge-text-auto.sh
+++ b/t/t6038-merge-text-auto.sh
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-test_have_prereq MINGW && SED_OPTIONS=-b
+test_have_prereq SED_STRIPS_CR && SED_OPTIONS=-b
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 	git config core.autocrlf false &&
diff --git a/t/t6040-tracking-info.sh b/t/t6040-tracking-info.sh
index 1785e17..a9b0ac1 100755
--- a/t/t6040-tracking-info.sh
+++ b/t/t6040-tracking-info.sh
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
 		git branch -v
 	) |
 	sed -n -e "$script" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout' '
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout with local tracked branch' '
 	git checkout master &&
-	git checkout follower >actual
+	git checkout follower >actual &&
 	grep "is ahead of" actual
 '
 
@@ -74,20 +74,20 @@
 	grep "have 1 and 1 different" actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'status when tracking lightweight tags' '
+test_expect_success 'fail to track lightweight tags' '
 	git checkout master &&
 	git tag light &&
-	git branch --track lighttrack light >actual &&
-	grep "set up to track" actual &&
-	git checkout lighttrack
+	test_must_fail git branch --track lighttrack light >actual &&
+	test_must_fail grep "set up to track" actual &&
+	test_must_fail git checkout lighttrack
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'status when tracking annotated tags' '
+test_expect_success 'fail to track annotated tags' '
 	git checkout master &&
 	git tag -m heavy heavy &&
-	git branch --track heavytrack heavy >actual &&
-	grep "set up to track" actual &&
-	git checkout heavytrack
+	test_must_fail git branch --track heavytrack heavy >actual &&
+	test_must_fail grep "set up to track" actual &&
+	test_must_fail git checkout heavytrack
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup tracking with branch --set-upstream on existing branch' '
diff --git a/t/t6050-replace.sh b/t/t6050-replace.sh
index 95b180f..ae2194e 100755
--- a/t/t6050-replace.sh
+++ b/t/t6050-replace.sh
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
      echo "line 12" >> hello &&
      echo "line 13" >> hello &&
      add_and_commit_file hello "2 more lines" &&
-     HASH6=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+     HASH6=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
      echo "line 14" >> hello &&
      echo "line 15" >> hello &&
      echo "line 16" >> hello &&
diff --git a/t/t6060-merge-index.sh b/t/t6060-merge-index.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..debadbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6060-merge-index.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='basic git merge-index / git-merge-one-file tests'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup diverging branches' '
+	for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10; do
+		echo $i
+	done >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m base &&
+	git tag base &&
+	sed s/2/two/ <file >tmp &&
+	mv tmp file &&
+	git commit -a -m two &&
+	git tag two &&
+	git checkout -b other HEAD^ &&
+	sed s/10/ten/ <file >tmp &&
+	mv tmp file &&
+	git commit -a -m ten &&
+	git tag ten
+'
+
+cat >expect-merged <<'EOF'
+1
+two
+3
+4
+5
+6
+7
+8
+9
+ten
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'read-tree does not resolve content merge' '
+	git read-tree -i -m base ten two &&
+	echo file >expect &&
+	git diff-files --name-only --diff-filter=U >unmerged &&
+	test_cmp expect unmerged
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git merge-index git-merge-one-file resolves' '
+	git merge-index git-merge-one-file -a &&
+	git diff-files --name-only --diff-filter=U >unmerged &&
+	>expect &&
+	test_cmp expect unmerged &&
+	test_cmp expect-merged file &&
+	git cat-file blob :file >file-index &&
+	test_cmp expect-merged file-index
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup bare merge' '
+	git clone --bare . bare.git &&
+	(cd bare.git &&
+	 GIT_INDEX_FILE=$PWD/merge.index &&
+	 export GIT_INDEX_FILE &&
+	 git read-tree -i -m base ten two
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-one-file fails without a work tree' '
+	(cd bare.git &&
+	 GIT_INDEX_FILE=$PWD/merge.index &&
+	 export GIT_INDEX_FILE &&
+	 test_must_fail git merge-index git-merge-one-file -a
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-one-file respects GIT_WORK_TREE' '
+	(cd bare.git &&
+	 mkdir work &&
+	 GIT_WORK_TREE=$PWD/work &&
+	 export GIT_WORK_TREE &&
+	 GIT_INDEX_FILE=$PWD/merge.index &&
+	 export GIT_INDEX_FILE &&
+	 git merge-index git-merge-one-file -a &&
+	 git cat-file blob :file >work/file-index
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expect-merged bare.git/work/file &&
+	test_cmp expect-merged bare.git/work/file-index
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-one-file respects core.worktree' '
+	mkdir subdir &&
+	git clone . subdir/child &&
+	(cd subdir &&
+	 GIT_DIR=$PWD/child/.git &&
+	 export GIT_DIR &&
+	 git config core.worktree "$PWD/child" &&
+	 git read-tree -i -m base ten two &&
+	 git merge-index git-merge-one-file -a &&
+	 git cat-file blob :file >file-index
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expect-merged subdir/child/file &&
+	test_cmp expect-merged subdir/file-index
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6110-rev-list-sparse.sh b/t/t6110-rev-list-sparse.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..656ac7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6110-rev-list-sparse.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='operations that cull histories in unusual ways'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	test_commit A &&
+	test_commit B &&
+	test_commit C &&
+	git checkout -b side HEAD^ &&
+	test_commit D &&
+	test_commit E &&
+	git merge master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list --first-parent --boundary' '
+	git rev-list --first-parent --boundary HEAD^..
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6120-describe.sh b/t/t6120-describe.sh
index 876d1ab..f67aa6f 100755
--- a/t/t6120-describe.sh
+++ b/t/t6120-describe.sh
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@
 EOF
 check_describe A-* HEAD
 test_expect_success 'warning was displayed for Q' '
-	test_cmp err.expect err.actual
+	test_i18ncmp err.expect err.actual
 '
 test_expect_success 'rename tag Q back to A' '
 	mv .git/refs/tags/Q .git/refs/tags/A
diff --git a/t/t6500-gc.sh b/t/t6500-gc.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..82f3639
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6500-gc.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='basic git gc tests
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'gc empty repository' '
+	git gc
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gc --gobbledegook' '
+	test_expect_code 129 git gc --nonsense 2>err &&
+	grep "[Uu]sage: git gc" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gc -h with invalid configuration' '
+	mkdir broken &&
+	(
+		cd broken &&
+		git init &&
+		echo "[gc] pruneexpire = CORRUPT" >>.git/config &&
+		test_expect_code 129 git gc -h >usage 2>&1
+	) &&
+	grep "[Uu]sage" broken/usage
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7001-mv.sh b/t/t7001-mv.sh
index 65a35d9..a845b15 100755
--- a/t/t7001-mv.sh
+++ b/t/t7001-mv.sh
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
 test_expect_success \
     'checking -f on untracked file with existing target' \
     'touch path0/untracked1 &&
-     git mv -f untracked1 path0
+     test_must_fail git mv -f untracked1 path0 &&
      test ! -f .git/index.lock &&
      test -f untracked1 &&
      test -f path0/untracked1'
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@
 	git init &&
 	echo 1 >dirty &&
 	git add dirty &&
-	entry="$(git ls-files --stage dirty | cut -f 1)"
+	entry="$(git ls-files --stage dirty | cut -f 1)" &&
 	git mv dirty dirty2 &&
 	[ "$entry" = "$(git ls-files --stage dirty2 | cut -f 1)" ] &&
 	echo 2 >dirty2 &&
diff --git a/t/t7004-tag.sh b/t/t7004-tag.sh
index ac943f5..2ac1c66 100755
--- a/t/t7004-tag.sh
+++ b/t/t7004-tag.sh
@@ -1030,6 +1030,72 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+# usage with rfc1991 signatures
+echo "rfc1991" > gpghome/gpg.conf
+get_tag_header rfc1991-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
+echo "RFC1991 signed tag" >>expect
+echo '-----BEGIN PGP MESSAGE-----' >>expect
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'creating a signed tag with rfc1991' '
+	git tag -s -m "RFC1991 signed tag" rfc1991-signed-tag $commit &&
+	get_tag_msg rfc1991-signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >fakeeditor <<'EOF'
+#!/bin/sh
+cp "$1" actual
+EOF
+chmod +x fakeeditor
+
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'reediting a signed tag body omits signature' '
+	echo "RFC1991 signed tag" >expect &&
+	GIT_EDITOR=./fakeeditor git tag -f -s rfc1991-signed-tag $commit &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'verifying rfc1991 signature' '
+	git tag -v rfc1991-signed-tag
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'list tag with rfc1991 signature' '
+	echo "rfc1991-signed-tag RFC1991 signed tag" >expect &&
+	git tag -l -n1 rfc1991-signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -l -n2 rfc1991-signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -l -n999 rfc1991-signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+rm -f gpghome/gpg.conf
+
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'verifying rfc1991 signature without --rfc1991' '
+	git tag -v rfc1991-signed-tag
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'list tag with rfc1991 signature without --rfc1991' '
+	echo "rfc1991-signed-tag RFC1991 signed tag" >expect &&
+	git tag -l -n1 rfc1991-signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -l -n2 rfc1991-signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -l -n999 rfc1991-signed-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'reediting a signed tag body omits signature' '
+	echo "RFC1991 signed tag" >expect &&
+	GIT_EDITOR=./fakeeditor git tag -f -s rfc1991-signed-tag $commit &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 # try to sign with bad user.signingkey
 git config user.signingkey BobTheMouse
 test_expect_success GPG \
@@ -1051,13 +1117,22 @@
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'message in editor has initial comment' '
-	GIT_EDITOR=cat git tag -a initial-comment > actual
+	! (GIT_EDITOR=cat git tag -a initial-comment > actual)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'message in editor has initial comment: first line' '
 	# check the first line --- should be empty
-	first=$(sed -e 1q <actual) &&
-	test -z "$first" &&
+	echo >first.expect &&
+	sed -e 1q <actual >first.actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp first.expect first.actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'message in editor has initial comment: remainder' '
 	# remove commented lines from the remainder -- should be empty
-	rest=$(sed -e 1d -e '/^#/d' <actual) &&
-	test -z "$rest"
+	>rest.expect
+	sed -e 1d -e '/^#/d' <actual >rest.actual &&
+	test_cmp rest.expect rest.actual
 '
 
 get_tag_header reuse $commit commit $time >expect
@@ -1097,7 +1172,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'creating second commit and tag' '
 	echo foo-2.0 >foo &&
 	git add foo &&
-	git commit -m second
+	git commit -m second &&
 	git tag v2.0
 '
 
@@ -1122,18 +1197,18 @@
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'checking that first commit is in all tags (hash)' "
-	git tag -l --contains $hash1 v* >actual
+	git tag -l --contains $hash1 v* >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 # other ways of specifying the commit
 test_expect_success 'checking that first commit is in all tags (tag)' "
-	git tag -l --contains v1.0 v* >actual
+	git tag -l --contains v1.0 v* >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_expect_success 'checking that first commit is in all tags (relative)' "
-	git tag -l --contains HEAD~2 v* >actual
+	git tag -l --contains HEAD~2 v* >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
@@ -1142,7 +1217,7 @@
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'checking that second commit only has one tag' "
-	git tag -l --contains $hash2 v* >actual
+	git tag -l --contains $hash2 v* >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
@@ -1151,7 +1226,7 @@
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'checking that third commit has no tags' "
-	git tag -l --contains $hash3 v* >actual
+	git tag -l --contains $hash3 v* >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
@@ -1161,7 +1236,7 @@
 	git branch stable v2.0 &&
         git checkout stable &&
 	echo foo-3.0 > foo &&
-	git commit foo -m fourth
+	git commit foo -m fourth &&
 	git tag v3.0
 '
 
@@ -1172,7 +1247,7 @@
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'checking that branch head only has one tag' "
-	git tag -l --contains $hash4 v* >actual
+	git tag -l --contains $hash4 v* >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
@@ -1186,7 +1261,7 @@
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'checking that original branch head has one tag now' "
-	git tag -l --contains $hash3 v* >actual
+	git tag -l --contains $hash3 v* >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
@@ -1201,18 +1276,18 @@
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'checking that initial commit is in all tags' "
-	git tag -l --contains $hash1 v* >actual
+	git tag -l --contains $hash1 v* >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 # mixing modes and options:
 
 test_expect_success 'mixing incompatibles modes and options is forbidden' '
-	test_must_fail git tag -a
-	test_must_fail git tag -l -v
-	test_must_fail git tag -n 100
-	test_must_fail git tag -l -m msg
-	test_must_fail git tag -l -F some file
+	test_must_fail git tag -a &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -l -v &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -n 100 &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -l -m msg &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -l -F some file &&
 	test_must_fail git tag -v -s
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t7006-pager.sh b/t/t7006-pager.sh
index fb744e3..ed7575d 100755
--- a/t/t7006-pager.sh
+++ b/t/t7006-pager.sh
@@ -4,44 +4,15 @@
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-pager.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-terminal.sh
 
 cleanup_fail() {
 	echo >&2 cleanup failed
 	(exit 1)
 }
 
-test_expect_success 'set up terminal for tests' '
-	rm -f stdout_is_tty ||
-	cleanup_fail &&
-
-	if test -t 1
-	then
-		>stdout_is_tty
-	elif
-		test_have_prereq PERL &&
-		"$PERL_PATH" "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7006/test-terminal.perl \
-			sh -c "test -t 1"
-	then
-		>test_terminal_works
-	fi
-'
-
-if test -e stdout_is_tty
-then
-	test_terminal() { "$@"; }
-	test_set_prereq TTY
-elif test -e test_terminal_works
-then
-	test_terminal() {
-		"$PERL_PATH" "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7006/test-terminal.perl "$@"
-	}
-	test_set_prereq TTY
-else
-	say "# no usable terminal, so skipping some tests"
-fi
-
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
-	unset GIT_PAGER GIT_PAGER_IN_USE;
+	sane_unset GIT_PAGER GIT_PAGER_IN_USE &&
 	test_might_fail git config --unset core.pager &&
 
 	PAGER="cat >paginated.out" &&
@@ -213,11 +184,6 @@
 	colorful colorful.log
 '
 
-if test_have_prereq SIMPLEPAGER && test_have_prereq TTY
-then
-	test_set_prereq SIMPLEPAGERTTY
-fi
-
 # Use this helper to make it easy for the caller of your
 # terminal-using function to specify whether it should fail.
 # If you write
@@ -253,8 +219,8 @@
 test_default_pager() {
 	parse_args "$@"
 
-	$test_expectation SIMPLEPAGERTTY "$cmd - default pager is used by default" "
-		unset PAGER GIT_PAGER;
+	$test_expectation SIMPLEPAGER,TTY "$cmd - default pager is used by default" "
+		sane_unset PAGER GIT_PAGER &&
 		test_might_fail git config --unset core.pager &&
 		rm -f default_pager_used ||
 		cleanup_fail &&
@@ -277,7 +243,7 @@
 	parse_args "$@"
 
 	$test_expectation TTY "$cmd - PAGER overrides default pager" "
-		unset GIT_PAGER;
+		sane_unset GIT_PAGER &&
 		test_might_fail git config --unset core.pager &&
 		rm -f PAGER_used ||
 		cleanup_fail &&
@@ -305,7 +271,7 @@
 	parse_args "$@"
 
 	$test_expectation TTY "$cmd - repository-local core.pager setting $used_if_wanted" "
-		unset GIT_PAGER;
+		sane_unset GIT_PAGER &&
 		rm -f core.pager_used ||
 		cleanup_fail &&
 
@@ -333,7 +299,7 @@
 	parse_args "$@"
 
 	$test_expectation TTY "$cmd - core.pager $used_if_wanted from subdirectory" "
-		unset GIT_PAGER;
+		sane_unset GIT_PAGER &&
 		rm -f core.pager_used &&
 		rm -fr sub ||
 		cleanup_fail &&
@@ -435,4 +401,33 @@
 test_core_pager_subdir    expect_success test_must_fail \
 					 'git -p apply </dev/null'
 
+test_expect_success TTY 'command-specific pager' '
+	unset PAGER GIT_PAGER;
+	echo "foo:initial" >expect &&
+	>actual &&
+	git config --unset core.pager &&
+	git config pager.log "sed s/^/foo:/ >actual" &&
+	test_terminal git log --format=%s -1 &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'command-specific pager overrides core.pager' '
+	unset PAGER GIT_PAGER;
+	echo "foo:initial" >expect &&
+	>actual &&
+	git config core.pager "exit 1"
+	git config pager.log "sed s/^/foo:/ >actual" &&
+	test_terminal git log --format=%s -1 &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'command-specific pager overridden by environment' '
+	GIT_PAGER="sed s/^/foo:/ >actual" && export GIT_PAGER &&
+	>actual &&
+	echo "foo:initial" >expect &&
+	git config pager.log "exit 1" &&
+	test_terminal git log --format=%s -1 &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7011-skip-worktree-reading.sh b/t/t7011-skip-worktree-reading.sh
index bb4066f..8f3b54d 100755
--- a/t/t7011-skip-worktree-reading.sh
+++ b/t/t7011-skip-worktree-reading.sh
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 EOF
 
 NULL_SHA1=e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391
-ZERO_SHA0=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+
 setup_absent() {
 	test -f 1 && rm 1
 	git update-index --remove 1 &&
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@
 	test "$(git grep --no-ext-grep test)" = "1:test"
 '
 
-echo ":000000 100644 $ZERO_SHA0 $NULL_SHA1 A	1" > expected
+echo ":000000 100644 $_z40 $NULL_SHA1 A	1" > expected
 test_expect_success 'diff-index does not examine skip-worktree absent entries' '
 	setup_absent &&
 	git diff-index HEAD -- 1 > result &&
diff --git a/t/t7012-skip-worktree-writing.sh b/t/t7012-skip-worktree-writing.sh
index 582d0b5..9ceaa40 100755
--- a/t/t7012-skip-worktree-writing.sh
+++ b/t/t7012-skip-worktree-writing.sh
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
 '
 
 NULL_SHA1=e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391
-ZERO_SHA0=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+
 setup_absent() {
 	test -f 1 && rm 1
 	git update-index --remove 1 &&
@@ -127,13 +127,13 @@
 test_expect_success 'git-clean, absent case' '
 	setup_absent &&
 	git clean -n > result &&
-	test_cmp expected result
+	test_i18ncmp expected result
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git-clean, dirty case' '
 	setup_dirty &&
 	git clean -n > result &&
-	test_cmp expected result
+	test_i18ncmp expected result
 '
 
 #TODO test_expect_failure 'git-apply adds file' false
diff --git a/t/t7060-wtstatus.sh b/t/t7060-wtstatus.sh
index fcac472..b8cb490 100755
--- a/t/t7060-wtstatus.sh
+++ b/t/t7060-wtstatus.sh
@@ -50,10 +50,72 @@
 		git commit -m delete &&
 		test_must_fail git merge master &&
 		test_must_fail git commit --dry-run >../actual &&
-		test_cmp ../expect ../actual &&
+		test_i18ncmp ../expect ../actual &&
 		git status >../actual &&
-		test_cmp ../expect ../actual
+		test_i18ncmp ../expect ../actual
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rename & unmerged setup' '
+	git rm -f -r . &&
+	cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY/README" >ONE &&
+	git add ONE &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "One commit with ONE" &&
+
+	echo Modified >TWO &&
+	cat ONE >>TWO &&
+	cat ONE >>THREE &&
+	git add TWO THREE &&
+	sha1=$(git rev-parse :ONE) &&
+	git rm --cached ONE &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 $sha1 1	ONE" &&
+		echo "100644 $sha1 2	ONE" &&
+		echo "100644 $sha1 3	ONE"
+	) | git update-index --index-info &&
+	echo Further >>THREE
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rename & unmerged status' '
+	git status -suno >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	UU ONE
+	AM THREE
+	A  TWO
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git diff-index --cached shows 2 added + 1 unmerged' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	U	ONE
+	A	THREE
+	A	TWO
+	EOF
+	git diff-index --cached --name-status HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git diff-index --cached -M shows 2 added + 1 unmerged' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	U	ONE
+	A	THREE
+	A	TWO
+	EOF
+	git diff-index --cached --name-status HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git diff-index --cached -C shows 2 copies + 1 unmerged' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	U	ONE
+	C	ONE	THREE
+	C	ONE	TWO
+	EOF
+	git diff-index --cached -C --name-status HEAD |
+	sed "s/^C[0-9]*/C/g" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7102-reset.sh b/t/t7102-reset.sh
index b8cf260..f1cfc9a 100755
--- a/t/t7102-reset.sh
+++ b/t/t7102-reset.sh
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@
 test_expect_success '--mixed refreshes the index' '
 	echo 123 >> file2 &&
 	git reset --mixed HEAD > output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'disambiguation (1)' '
diff --git a/t/t7105-reset-patch.sh b/t/t7105-reset-patch.sh
index 9891e2c..95fab20 100755
--- a/t/t7105-reset-patch.sh
+++ b/t/t7105-reset-patch.sh
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 # note: bar sorts before foo, so the first 'n' is always to skip 'bar'
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'saying "n" does nothing' '
-	set_and_save_state dir/foo work work
+	set_and_save_state dir/foo work work &&
 	(echo n; echo n) | git reset -p &&
 	verify_saved_state dir/foo &&
 	verify_saved_state bar
@@ -42,14 +42,14 @@
 # the failure case (and thus get out of the loop).
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'git reset -p dir' '
-	set_state dir/foo work work
+	set_state dir/foo work work &&
 	(echo y; echo n) | git reset -p dir &&
 	verify_state dir/foo work head &&
 	verify_saved_state bar
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'git reset -p -- foo (inside dir)' '
-	set_state dir/foo work work
+	set_state dir/foo work work &&
 	(echo y; echo n) | (cd dir && git reset -p -- foo) &&
 	verify_state dir/foo work head &&
 	verify_saved_state bar
diff --git a/t/t7110-reset-merge.sh b/t/t7110-reset-merge.sh
index 70cdd8e..a82a07a 100755
--- a/t/t7110-reset-merge.sh
+++ b/t/t7110-reset-merge.sh
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@
     git reset --hard third &&
     test_must_fail git merge branch1 &&
     test_must_fail git reset --keep HEAD^ 2>err.log &&
-    grep "middle of a merge" err.log
+    test_i18ngrep "middle of a merge" err.log
 '
 
 # The next test will test the following:
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@
     git reset --hard third &&
     test_must_fail git merge branch1 &&
     test_must_fail git reset --keep HEAD 2>err.log &&
-    grep "middle of a merge" err.log
+    test_i18ngrep "middle of a merge" err.log
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--merge is ok with added/deleted merge' '
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@
     git diff --exit-code file3 &&
     git diff --exit-code branch3 file3 &&
     test_must_fail git reset --keep HEAD 2>err.log &&
-    grep "middle of a merge" err.log
+    test_i18ngrep "middle of a merge" err.log
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7201-co.sh b/t/t7201-co.sh
index 1337fa5..07fb53a 100755
--- a/t/t7201-co.sh
+++ b/t/t7201-co.sh
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@
 	git config advice.detachedHead false &&
 	git checkout -f renamer && git clean -f &&
 	git checkout renamer^ 2>messages &&
-	grep "HEAD is now at 7329388" messages &&
+	test_i18ngrep "HEAD is now at 7329388" messages &&
 	test 1 -eq $(wc -l <messages) &&
 	H=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	M=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@
 	git config advice.detachedHead true &&
 	git checkout -f renamer && git clean -f &&
 	git checkout renamer^ 2>messages &&
-	grep "HEAD is now at 7329388" messages &&
+	test_i18ngrep "HEAD is now at 7329388" messages &&
 	test 1 -lt $(wc -l <messages) &&
 	H=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	M=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
@@ -408,6 +408,15 @@
     test "z$(git rev-parse master^0)" = "z$(git rev-parse HEAD)"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'checkout w/--track from tag fails' '
+    git checkout master^0 &&
+    test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD &&
+    test_must_fail git checkout --track -b track frotz &&
+    test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify track &&
+    test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD &&
+    test "z$(git rev-parse master^0)" = "z$(git rev-parse HEAD)"
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'detach a symbolic link HEAD' '
     git checkout master &&
     git config --bool core.prefersymlinkrefs yes &&
@@ -423,7 +432,6 @@
 test_expect_success \
     'checkout with --track fakes a sensible -b <name>' '
     git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/koala/bear renamer &&
-    git update-ref refs/new/koala/bear renamer &&
 
     git checkout --track origin/koala/bear &&
     test "refs/heads/koala/bear" = "$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" &&
@@ -439,12 +447,6 @@
 
     git checkout --track remotes/origin/koala/bear &&
     test "refs/heads/koala/bear" = "$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" &&
-    test "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" = "$(git rev-parse renamer)" &&
-
-    git checkout master && git branch -D koala/bear &&
-
-    git checkout --track refs/new/koala/bear &&
-    test "refs/heads/koala/bear" = "$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" &&
     test "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" = "$(git rev-parse renamer)"
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t7300-clean.sh b/t/t7300-clean.sh
index 6c776e9..800b536 100755
--- a/t/t7300-clean.sh
+++ b/t/t7300-clean.sh
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'git clean with relative prefix' '
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'git clean with relative prefix' '
 
 	mkdir -p build docs &&
 	touch a.out src/part3.c docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@
 	}
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'git clean with absolute path' '
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'git clean with absolute path' '
 
 	mkdir -p build docs &&
 	touch a.out src/part3.c docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
@@ -179,11 +179,11 @@
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'git clean symbolic link' '
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'git clean symbolic link' '
 
 	mkdir -p build docs &&
 	touch a.out src/part3.c docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
-	ln -s docs/manual.txt src/part4.c
+	ln -s docs/manual.txt src/part4.c &&
 	git clean &&
 	test -f Makefile &&
 	test -f README &&
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'core.excludesfile' '
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'core.excludesfile' '
 
 	echo excludes >excludes &&
 	echo included >included &&
@@ -453,4 +453,11 @@
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success SANITY 'git clean -d with an unreadable empty directory' '
+	mkdir foo &&
+	chmod a= foo &&
+	git clean -dfx foo &&
+	! test -d foo
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh b/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh
index 782b0a3..874279e 100755
--- a/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh
@@ -421,11 +421,67 @@
 		git commit -m "repo commit 1"
 	) &&
 	git clone --bare repo/ bare.git &&
-	cd addtest &&
-	git submodule add "$submodurl/repo" &&
-	git config -f .gitmodules submodule.repo.path repo &&
-	git submodule add "$submodurl/bare.git" &&
-	git config -f .gitmodules submodule.bare.path bare
+	(
+		cd addtest &&
+		git submodule add "$submodurl/repo" &&
+		git config -f .gitmodules submodule.repo.path repo &&
+		git submodule add "$submodurl/bare.git" &&
+		git config -f .gitmodules submodule.bare.path bare
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add should fail when path is used by a file' '
+	(
+		cd addtest &&
+		touch file &&
+		test_must_fail	git submodule add "$submodurl/repo" file
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add should fail when path is used by an existing directory' '
+	(
+		cd addtest &&
+		mkdir empty-dir &&
+		test_must_fail git submodule add "$submodurl/repo" empty-dir
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up for relative path tests' '
+	mkdir reltest &&
+	(
+		cd reltest &&
+		git init &&
+		mkdir sub &&
+		(
+			cd sub &&
+			git init &&
+			test_commit foo
+		) &&
+		git add sub &&
+		git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.path sub &&
+		git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.url ../subrepo &&
+		cp .git/config pristine-.git-config
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'relative path works with URL' '
+	(
+		cd reltest &&
+		cp pristine-.git-config .git/config &&
+		git config remote.origin.url ssh://hostname/repo &&
+		git submodule init &&
+		test "$(git config submodule.sub.url)" = ssh://hostname/subrepo
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'relative path works with user@host:path' '
+	(
+		cd reltest &&
+		cp pristine-.git-config .git/config &&
+		git config remote.origin.url user@host:repo &&
+		git submodule init &&
+		test "$(git config submodule.sub.url)" = user@host:subrepo
+	)
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7401-submodule-summary.sh b/t/t7401-submodule-summary.sh
index 2945844..7d7fde0 100755
--- a/t/t7401-submodule-summary.sh
+++ b/t/t7401-submodule-summary.sh
@@ -37,11 +37,12 @@
 test_expect_success 'added submodule' "
 	git add sm1 &&
 	git submodule summary >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 * sm1 0000000...$head1 (2):
   > Add foo2
 
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 commit_file sm1 &&
@@ -49,20 +50,22 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward)' "
 	git submodule summary >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 * sm1 $head1...$head2 (1):
   > Add foo3
 
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward), --files' "
 	git submodule summary --files >actual &&
-	diff actual - <<-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 * sm1 $head1...$head2 (1):
   > Add foo3
 
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 commit_file sm1 &&
@@ -74,19 +77,20 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'modified submodule(backward)' "
     git submodule summary >actual &&
-    diff actual - <<-EOF
+    cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 * sm1 $head2...$head3 (2):
   < Add foo3
   < Add foo2
 
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 head4=$(add_file sm1 foo4 foo5) &&
 head4_full=$(GIT_DIR=sm1/.git git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
 test_expect_success 'modified submodule(backward and forward)' "
     git submodule summary >actual &&
-    diff actual - <<-EOF
+    cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 * sm1 $head2...$head4 (4):
   > Add foo5
   > Add foo4
@@ -94,17 +98,19 @@
   < Add foo2
 
 EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_expect_success '--summary-limit' "
     git submodule summary -n 3 >actual &&
-    diff actual - <<-EOF
+    cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 * sm1 $head2...$head4 (4):
   > Add foo5
   > Add foo4
   < Add foo3
 
 EOF
+    test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 commit_file sm1 &&
@@ -117,30 +123,33 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(submodule->blob), --cached' "
     git submodule summary --cached >actual &&
-    diff actual - <<-EOF
+    cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 * sm1 $head4(submodule)->$head5(blob) (3):
   < Add foo5
 
 EOF
+	test_cmp actual expected
 "
 
 test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(submodule->blob), --files' "
     git submodule summary --files >actual &&
-    diff actual - <<-EOF
+    cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 * sm1 $head5(blob)->$head4(submodule) (3):
   > Add foo5
 
 EOF
+    test_cmp actual expected
 "
 
 rm -rf sm1 &&
 git checkout-index sm1
 test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(submodule->blob)' "
     git submodule summary >actual &&
-    diff actual - <<-EOF
+    cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 * sm1 $head4(submodule)->$head5(blob):
 
 EOF
+    test_cmp actual expected
 "
 
 rm -f sm1 &&
@@ -148,31 +157,34 @@
 head6=$(add_file sm1 foo6 foo7)
 test_expect_success 'nonexistent commit' "
     git submodule summary >actual &&
-    diff actual - <<-EOF
+    cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 * sm1 $head4...$head6:
   Warn: sm1 doesn't contain commit $head4_full
 
 EOF
+    test_cmp actual expected
 "
 
 commit_file
 test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(blob->submodule)' "
     git submodule summary >actual &&
-    diff actual - <<-EOF
+    cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 * sm1 $head5(blob)->$head6(submodule) (2):
   > Add foo7
 
 EOF
+    test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 commit_file sm1 &&
 rm -rf sm1
 test_expect_success 'deleted submodule' "
     git submodule summary >actual &&
-    diff actual - <<-EOF
+    cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 * sm1 $head6...0000000:
 
 EOF
+    test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_create_repo sm2 &&
@@ -181,34 +193,37 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'multiple submodules' "
     git submodule summary >actual &&
-    diff actual - <<-EOF
+    cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 * sm1 $head6...0000000:
 
 * sm2 0000000...$head7 (2):
   > Add foo9
 
 EOF
+    test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_expect_success 'path filter' "
     git submodule summary sm2 >actual &&
-    diff actual - <<-EOF
+    cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 * sm2 0000000...$head7 (2):
   > Add foo9
 
 EOF
+    test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 commit_file sm2
 test_expect_success 'given commit' "
     git submodule summary HEAD^ >actual &&
-    diff actual - <<-EOF
+    cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 * sm1 $head6...0000000:
 
 * sm2 0000000...$head7 (2):
   > Add foo9
 
 EOF
+    test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
 test_expect_success '--for-status' "
diff --git a/t/t7403-submodule-sync.sh b/t/t7403-submodule-sync.sh
index 02522f9..d600583 100755
--- a/t/t7403-submodule-sync.sh
+++ b/t/t7403-submodule-sync.sh
@@ -23,7 +23,9 @@
 	 git commit -m "submodule"
 	) &&
 	git clone super super-clone &&
-	(cd super-clone && git submodule update --init)
+	(cd super-clone && git submodule update --init) &&
+	git clone super empty-clone &&
+	(cd empty-clone && git submodule init)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'change submodule' '
@@ -50,7 +52,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success '"git submodule sync" should update submodule URLs' '
 	(cd super-clone &&
-	 git pull &&
+	 git pull --no-recurse-submodules &&
 	 git submodule sync
 	) &&
 	test -d "$(git config -f super-clone/submodule/.git/config \
@@ -64,4 +66,12 @@
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success '"git submodule sync" should update submodule URLs if not yet cloned' '
+	(cd empty-clone &&
+	 git pull &&
+	 git submodule sync &&
+	 test -d "$(git config submodule.submodule.url)"
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7405-submodule-merge.sh b/t/t7405-submodule-merge.sh
index 7e2e258..a8fb30b 100755
--- a/t/t7405-submodule-merge.sh
+++ b/t/t7405-submodule-merge.sh
@@ -56,11 +56,11 @@
 
 # History setup
 #
-#      b
-#    /   \
-#   a     d
-#    \   /
-#      c
+#             b
+#           /   \
+#  init -- a     d
+#    \      \   /
+#     g       c
 #
 # a in the main repository records to sub-a in the submodule and
 # analogous b and c. d should be automatically found by merging c into
@@ -76,6 +76,8 @@
 	 git add file-a &&
 	 git commit -m "sub-a" &&
 	 git branch sub-a) &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m init &&
+	git branch init &&
 	git add sub &&
 	git commit -m "a" &&
 	git branch a &&
@@ -101,7 +103,13 @@
 	 git checkout -b sub-d sub-b &&
 	 git merge sub-c) &&
 	git commit -a -m "d" &&
-	git branch test b)
+	git branch test b &&
+
+	git checkout -b g init &&
+	(cd sub &&
+	 git checkout -b sub-g sub-c) &&
+	git add sub &&
+	git commit -a -m "g")
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge with one side as a fast-forward of the other' '
@@ -176,6 +184,44 @@
 	test_must_fail git merge f)
 '
 
+
+# Check that the conflicting submodule is detected when it is
+# in the common ancestor. status should be 'U00...00"
+test_expect_success 'git submodule status should display the merge conflict properly with merge base' '
+       (cd merge-search &&
+       cat >.gitmodules <<EOF &&
+[submodule "sub"]
+       path = sub
+       url = $TRASH_DIRECTORY/sub
+EOF
+       cat >expect <<EOF &&
+U0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 sub
+EOF
+       git submodule status > actual &&
+       test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git reset --hard)
+'
+
+# Check that the conflicting submodule is detected when it is
+# not in the common ancestor. status should be 'U00...00"
+test_expect_success 'git submodule status should display the merge conflict properly without merge-base' '
+       (cd merge-search &&
+	git checkout -b test-no-merge-base g &&
+	test_must_fail git merge b &&
+       cat >.gitmodules <<EOF &&
+[submodule "sub"]
+       path = sub
+       url = $TRASH_DIRECTORY/sub
+EOF
+       cat >expect <<EOF &&
+U0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 sub
+EOF
+       git submodule status > actual &&
+       test_cmp expect actual &&
+       git reset --hard)
+'
+
+
 test_expect_success 'merging with a modify/modify conflict between merge bases' '
 	git reset --hard HEAD &&
 	git checkout -b test2 c &&
diff --git a/t/t7406-submodule-update.sh b/t/t7406-submodule-update.sh
index bfb4975..bf7c788 100755
--- a/t/t7406-submodule-update.sh
+++ b/t/t7406-submodule-update.sh
@@ -74,6 +74,26 @@
 	)
 '
 
+apos="'";
+test_expect_success 'submodule update does not fetch already present commits' '
+	(cd submodule &&
+	  echo line3 >> file &&
+	  git add file &&
+	  test_tick &&
+	  git commit -m "upstream line3"
+	) &&
+	(cd super/submodule &&
+	  head=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	  echo "Submodule path ${apos}submodule$apos: checked out $apos$head$apos" > ../../expected &&
+	  git reset --hard HEAD~1
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	  git submodule update > ../actual 2> ../actual.err
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	! test -s actual.err
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'submodule update --rebase staying on master' '
 	(cd super/submodule &&
 	  git checkout master
@@ -203,4 +223,56 @@
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'submodule update --merge  - ignores --merge  for new submodules' '
+	(cd super &&
+	 rm -rf submodule &&
+	 git submodule update submodule &&
+	 git status -s submodule >expect &&
+	 rm -rf submodule &&
+	 git submodule update --merge submodule &&
+	 git status -s submodule >actual &&
+	 test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update --rebase - ignores --rebase for new submodules' '
+	(cd super &&
+	 rm -rf submodule &&
+	 git submodule update submodule &&
+	 git status -s submodule >expect &&
+	 rm -rf submodule &&
+	 git submodule update --rebase submodule &&
+	 git status -s submodule >actual &&
+	 test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update ignores update=merge config for new submodules' '
+	(cd super &&
+	 rm -rf submodule &&
+	 git submodule update submodule &&
+	 git status -s submodule >expect &&
+	 rm -rf submodule &&
+	 git config submodule.submodule.update merge &&
+	 git submodule update submodule &&
+	 git status -s submodule >actual &&
+	 git config --unset submodule.submodule.update &&
+	 test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update ignores update=rebase config for new submodules' '
+	(cd super &&
+	 rm -rf submodule &&
+	 git submodule update submodule &&
+	 git status -s submodule >expect &&
+	 rm -rf submodule &&
+	 git config submodule.submodule.update rebase &&
+	 git submodule update submodule &&
+	 git status -s submodule >actual &&
+	 git config --unset submodule.submodule.update &&
+	 test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7407-submodule-foreach.sh b/t/t7407-submodule-foreach.sh
index 905a8ba..e5be13c 100755
--- a/t/t7407-submodule-foreach.sh
+++ b/t/t7407-submodule-foreach.sh
@@ -226,6 +226,25 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+sed -e "/nested1 /s/.*/+$nested1sha1 nested1 (file2~1)/;/sub[1-3]/d" < expect > expect2
+mv -f expect2 expect
+
+test_expect_success 'ensure "status --cached --recursive" preserves the --cached flag' '
+	(
+		cd clone3 &&
+		(
+			cd nested1 &&
+			test_commit file2
+		) &&
+		git submodule status --cached --recursive -- nested1 > ../actual
+	) &&
+	if test_have_prereq MINGW
+	then
+		dos2unix actual
+	fi &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'use "git clone --recursive" to checkout all submodules' '
 	git clone --recursive super clone4 &&
 	test -d clone4/.git &&
@@ -238,4 +257,39 @@
 	test -d clone4/nested1/nested2/nested3/submodule/.git
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'test "update --recursive" with a flag with spaces' '
+	git clone super "common objects" &&
+	git clone super clone5 &&
+	(
+		cd clone5 &&
+		test ! -d nested1/.git &&
+		git submodule update --init --recursive --reference="$(dirname "$PWD")/common objects" &&
+		test -d nested1/.git &&
+		test -d nested1/nested2/.git &&
+		test -d nested1/nested2/nested3/.git &&
+		test -f nested1/.git/objects/info/alternates &&
+		test -f nested1/nested2/.git/objects/info/alternates &&
+		test -f nested1/nested2/nested3/.git/objects/info/alternates
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'use "update --recursive nested1" to checkout all submodules rooted in nested1' '
+	git clone super clone6 &&
+	(
+		cd clone6 &&
+		test ! -d sub1/.git &&
+		test ! -d sub2/.git &&
+		test ! -d sub3/.git &&
+		test ! -d nested1/.git &&
+		git submodule update --init --recursive -- nested1 &&
+		test ! -d sub1/.git &&
+		test ! -d sub2/.git &&
+		test ! -d sub3/.git &&
+		test -d nested1/.git &&
+		test -d nested1/nested2/.git &&
+		test -d nested1/nested2/nested3/.git &&
+		test -d nested1/nested2/nested3/submodule/.git
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7500-commit.sh b/t/t7500-commit.sh
index aa9c577..47096f9 100755
--- a/t/t7500-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t7500-commit.sh
@@ -10,7 +10,12 @@
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 commit_msg_is () {
-	test "`git log --pretty=format:%s%b -1`" = "$1"
+	expect=commit_msg_is.expect
+	actual=commit_msg_is.actual
+
+	printf "%s" "$(git log --pretty=format:%s%b -1)" >$expect &&
+	printf "%s" "$1" >$actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp $expect $actual
 }
 
 # A sanity check to see if commit is working at all.
@@ -23,13 +28,21 @@
 test_expect_success 'nonexistent template file should return error' '
 	echo changes >> foo &&
 	git add foo &&
-	test_must_fail git commit --template "$PWD"/notexist
+	(
+		GIT_EDITOR="echo hello >\"\$1\"" &&
+		export GIT_EDITOR &&
+		test_must_fail git commit --template "$PWD"/notexist
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'nonexistent template file in config should return error' '
 	git config commit.template "$PWD"/notexist &&
-	test_must_fail git commit &&
-	git config --unset commit.template
+	test_when_finished "git config --unset commit.template" &&
+	(
+		GIT_EDITOR="echo hello >\"\$1\"" &&
+		export GIT_EDITOR &&
+		test_must_fail git commit
+	)
 '
 
 # From now on we'll use a template file that exists.
@@ -215,4 +228,84 @@
 	commit_msg_is "hello there"
 '
 
+commit_for_rebase_autosquash_setup () {
+	echo "first content line" >>foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	cat >log <<EOF &&
+target message subject line
+
+target message body line 1
+target message body line 2
+EOF
+	git commit -F log &&
+	echo "second content line" >>foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m "intermediate commit" &&
+	echo "third content line" >>foo &&
+	git add foo
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --fixup provides correct one-line commit message' '
+	commit_for_rebase_autosquash_setup &&
+	git commit --fixup HEAD~1 &&
+	commit_msg_is "fixup! target message subject line"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --squash works with -F' '
+	commit_for_rebase_autosquash_setup &&
+	echo "log message from file" >msgfile &&
+	git commit --squash HEAD~1 -F msgfile  &&
+	commit_msg_is "squash! target message subject linelog message from file"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --squash works with -m' '
+	commit_for_rebase_autosquash_setup &&
+	git commit --squash HEAD~1 -m "foo bar\nbaz" &&
+	commit_msg_is "squash! target message subject linefoo bar\nbaz"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --squash works with -C' '
+	commit_for_rebase_autosquash_setup &&
+	git commit --squash HEAD~1 -C HEAD &&
+	commit_msg_is "squash! target message subject lineintermediate commit"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --squash works with -c' '
+	commit_for_rebase_autosquash_setup &&
+	test_set_editor "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7500/edit-content &&
+	git commit --squash HEAD~1 -c HEAD &&
+	commit_msg_is "squash! target message subject lineedited commit"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --squash works with -C for same commit' '
+	commit_for_rebase_autosquash_setup &&
+	git commit --squash HEAD -C HEAD &&
+	commit_msg_is "squash! intermediate commit"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --squash works with -c for same commit' '
+	commit_for_rebase_autosquash_setup &&
+	test_set_editor "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7500/edit-content &&
+	git commit --squash HEAD -c HEAD &&
+	commit_msg_is "squash! edited commit"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --squash works with editor' '
+	commit_for_rebase_autosquash_setup &&
+	test_set_editor "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7500/add-content &&
+	git commit --squash HEAD~1 &&
+	commit_msg_is "squash! target message subject linecommit message"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'invalid message options when using --fixup' '
+	echo changes >>foo &&
+	echo "message" >log &&
+	git add foo &&
+	test_must_fail git commit --fixup HEAD~1 --squash HEAD~2 &&
+	test_must_fail git commit --fixup HEAD~1 -C HEAD~2 &&
+	test_must_fail git commit --fixup HEAD~1 -c HEAD~2 &&
+	test_must_fail git commit --fixup HEAD~1 -m "cmdline message" &&
+	test_must_fail git commit --fixup HEAD~1 -F log
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7500/edit-content b/t/t7500/edit-content
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..08db9fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7500/edit-content
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+sed -e "s/intermediate/edited/g" <"$1" >"$1-"
+mv "$1-" "$1"
+exit 0
diff --git a/t/t7501-commit.sh b/t/t7501-commit.sh
index 8297cb4..7f7f7c7 100755
--- a/t/t7501-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t7501-commit.sh
@@ -14,8 +14,12 @@
 test_expect_success \
 	"initial status" \
 	"echo 'bongo bongo' >file &&
-	 git add file && \
-	 git status | grep 'Initial commit'"
+	 git add file"
+
+test_expect_success "Constructing initial commit" '
+	git status >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Initial commit" actual
+'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	"fail initial amend" \
@@ -230,6 +234,10 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'commit complains about bogus date' '
+	test_must_fail git commit --amend --date=10.11.2010
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'sign off (1)' '
 
 	echo 1 >positive &&
diff --git a/t/t7502-commit.sh b/t/t7502-commit.sh
index ac2e187..3f3adc3 100755
--- a/t/t7502-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t7502-commit.sh
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 	SUMMARY_POSTFIX="$(git log -1 --pretty='format:%h')"
 	echo "[$SUMMARY_PREFIX $SUMMARY_POSTFIX] $2" >exp &&
 
-	test_cmp exp act
+	test_i18ncmp exp act
 }
 
 test_expect_success 'output summary format' '
@@ -32,7 +32,10 @@
 	check_summary_oneline "root-commit" "initial" &&
 
 	echo change >>file1 &&
-	git add file1 &&
+	git add file1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'output summary format: root-commit' '
 	check_summary_oneline "" "a change"
 '
 
@@ -215,19 +218,21 @@
 
 '
 
-echo "sample
-
-# Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting
-# with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit." >expect
-
 test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (strip,-F,-e)' '
 
 	echo >>negative &&
 	{ echo;echo sample;echo; } >text &&
 	git commit -e -F text -a &&
-	head -n 4 .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	head -n 4 .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG >actual
+'
 
+echo "sample
+
+# Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting
+# with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit." >expect
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (strip,-F,-e): output' '
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
 '
 
 echo "#
@@ -235,11 +240,10 @@
 #" >> expect
 
 test_expect_success 'author different from committer' '
-
 	echo >>negative &&
-	git commit -e -m "sample"
+	test_might_fail git commit -e -m "sample" &&
 	head -n 7 .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
 '
 
 mv expect expect.tmp
@@ -252,14 +256,14 @@
 
 	echo >>negative &&
 	(
-		unset GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL
-		unset GIT_COMMITTER_NAME
+		sane_unset GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL &&
+		sane_unset GIT_COMMITTER_NAME &&
 		# must fail because there is no change
 		test_must_fail git commit -e -m "sample"
 	) &&
 	head -n 8 .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG |	\
-	sed "s/^# Committer: .*/# Committer:/" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	sed "s/^# Committer: .*/# Committer:/" >actual
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
 '
 
 pwd=`pwd`
@@ -362,9 +366,9 @@
 	GIT_EDITOR=.git/FAKE_EDITOR git commit -a $* $use_template &&
 	case "$use_template" in
 	'')
-		! grep "^## Custom template" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG ;;
+		test_i18ngrep ! "^## Custom template" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG ;;
 	*)
-		grep "^## Custom template" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG ;;
+		test_i18ngrep "^## Custom template" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG ;;
 	esac
 }
 
@@ -373,67 +377,67 @@
 	test_expect_success 'commit' '
 		clear_config commit.status &&
 		try_commit "" &&
-		grep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
+		test_i18ngrep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success 'commit' '
 		clear_config commit.status &&
 		try_commit "" &&
-		grep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
+		test_i18ngrep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success 'commit --status' '
 		clear_config commit.status &&
 		try_commit --status &&
-		grep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
+		test_i18ngrep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success 'commit --no-status' '
 		clear_config commit.status &&
-		try_commit --no-status
-		! grep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
+		try_commit --no-status &&
+		test_i18ngrep ! "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success 'commit with commit.status = yes' '
 		clear_config commit.status &&
 		git config commit.status yes &&
 		try_commit "" &&
-		grep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
+		test_i18ngrep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success 'commit with commit.status = no' '
 		clear_config commit.status &&
 		git config commit.status no &&
 		try_commit "" &&
-		! grep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
+		test_i18ngrep ! "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success 'commit --status with commit.status = yes' '
 		clear_config commit.status &&
 		git config commit.status yes &&
 		try_commit --status &&
-		grep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
+		test_i18ngrep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success 'commit --no-status with commit.status = yes' '
 		clear_config commit.status &&
 		git config commit.status yes &&
 		try_commit --no-status &&
-		! grep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
+		test_i18ngrep ! "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success 'commit --status with commit.status = no' '
 		clear_config commit.status &&
 		git config commit.status no &&
 		try_commit --status &&
-		grep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
+		test_i18ngrep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success 'commit --no-status with commit.status = no' '
 		clear_config commit.status &&
 		git config commit.status no &&
 		try_commit --no-status &&
-		! grep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
+		test_i18ngrep ! "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 	'
 
 }
diff --git a/t/t7505-prepare-commit-msg-hook.sh b/t/t7505-prepare-commit-msg-hook.sh
index ff18962..5b4b694 100755
--- a/t/t7505-prepare-commit-msg-hook.sh
+++ b/t/t7505-prepare-commit-msg-hook.sh
@@ -132,6 +132,18 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'with hook (merge)' '
+
+	head=`git rev-parse HEAD` &&
+	git checkout -b other HEAD@{1} &&
+	echo "more" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m other &&
+	git checkout - &&
+	git merge other &&
+	test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s`" = merge
+'
+
 cat > "$HOOK" <<'EOF'
 #!/bin/sh
 exit 1
diff --git a/t/t7506-status-submodule.sh b/t/t7506-status-submodule.sh
index 3d4f85d..c8d50a6 100755
--- a/t/t7506-status-submodule.sh
+++ b/t/t7506-status-submodule.sh
@@ -22,19 +22,19 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'status clean' '
 	git status >output &&
-	grep "nothing to commit" output
+	test_i18ngrep "nothing to commit" output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'commit --dry-run -a clean' '
 	test_must_fail git commit --dry-run -a >output &&
-	grep "nothing to commit" output
+	test_i18ngrep "nothing to commit" output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status with modified file in submodule' '
 	(cd sub && git reset --hard) &&
 	echo "changed" >sub/foo &&
 	git status >output &&
-	grep "modified:   sub (modified content)" output
+	test_i18ngrep "modified:   sub (modified content)" output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status with modified file in submodule (porcelain)' '
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'status with added file in submodule' '
 	(cd sub && git reset --hard && echo >foo && git add foo) &&
 	git status >output &&
-	grep "modified:   sub (modified content)" output
+	test_i18ngrep "modified:   sub (modified content)" output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status with added file in submodule (porcelain)' '
@@ -64,12 +64,12 @@
 	(cd sub && git reset --hard) &&
 	echo "content" >sub/new-file &&
 	git status >output &&
-	grep "modified:   sub (untracked content)" output
+	test_i18ngrep "modified:   sub (untracked content)" output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status -uno with untracked file in submodule' '
 	git status -uno >output &&
-	grep "^nothing to commit" output
+	test_i18ngrep "^nothing to commit" output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status with untracked file in submodule (porcelain)' '
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@
 	(cd sub && git reset --hard && echo >foo && git add foo) &&
 	echo "content" >sub/new-file &&
 	git status >output &&
-	grep "modified:   sub (modified content, untracked content)" output
+	test_i18ngrep "modified:   sub (modified content, untracked content)" output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status with added and untracked file in submodule (porcelain)' '
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
 	(cd sub && echo "next change" >foo && git commit -m "next change" foo) &&
 	echo "changed" >sub/foo &&
 	git status >output &&
-	grep "modified:   sub (new commits, modified content)" output
+	test_i18ngrep "modified:   sub (new commits, modified content)" output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status with modified file in modified submodule (porcelain)' '
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'status with added file in modified submodule' '
 	(cd sub && git reset --hard && echo >foo && git add foo) &&
 	git status >output &&
-	grep "modified:   sub (new commits, modified content)" output
+	test_i18ngrep "modified:   sub (new commits, modified content)" output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status with added file in modified submodule (porcelain)' '
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@
 	(cd sub && git reset --hard) &&
 	echo "content" >sub/new-file &&
 	git status >output &&
-	grep "modified:   sub (new commits, untracked content)" output
+	test_i18ngrep "modified:   sub (new commits, untracked content)" output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status with untracked file in modified submodule (porcelain)' '
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@
 	(cd sub && git reset --hard && echo >foo && git add foo) &&
 	echo "content" >sub/new-file &&
 	git status >output &&
-	grep "modified:   sub (new commits, modified content, untracked content)" output
+	test_i18ngrep "modified:   sub (new commits, modified content, untracked content)" output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status with added and untracked file in modified submodule (porcelain)' '
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'status with added file in modified submodule with .git file' '
 	(cd sub && git reset --hard && echo >foo && git add foo) &&
 	git status >output &&
-	grep "modified:   sub (new commits, modified content)" output
+	test_i18ngrep "modified:   sub (new commits, modified content)" output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rm submodule contents' '
@@ -179,12 +179,12 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'status clean (empty submodule dir)' '
 	git status >output &&
-	grep "nothing to commit" output
+	test_i18ngrep "nothing to commit" output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status -a clean (empty submodule dir)' '
 	test_must_fail git commit --dry-run -a >output &&
-	grep "nothing to commit" output
+	test_i18ngrep "nothing to commit" output
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7508-status.sh b/t/t7508-status.sh
index c9300f3..cd6e2c5 100755
--- a/t/t7508-status.sh
+++ b/t/t7508-status.sh
@@ -7,6 +7,30 @@
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+test_expect_success 'status -h in broken repository' '
+	mkdir broken &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -fr broken" &&
+	(
+		cd broken &&
+		git init &&
+		echo "[status] showuntrackedfiles = CORRUPT" >>.git/config &&
+		test_expect_code 129 git status -h >usage 2>&1
+	) &&
+	test_i18ngrep "[Uu]sage" broken/usage
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit -h in broken repository' '
+	mkdir broken &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -fr broken" &&
+	(
+		cd broken &&
+		git init &&
+		echo "[status] showuntrackedfiles = CORRUPT" >>.git/config &&
+		test_expect_code 129 git commit -h >usage 2>&1
+	) &&
+	test_i18ngrep "[Uu]sage" broken/usage
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	: >tracked &&
 	: >modified &&
@@ -32,9 +56,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status (1)' '
-
-	grep "use \"git rm --cached <file>\.\.\.\" to unstage" output
-
+	test_i18ngrep "use \"git rm --cached <file>\.\.\.\" to unstage" output
 '
 
 cat >expect <<\EOF
@@ -44,7 +66,7 @@
 #
 #	new file:   dir2/added
 #
-# Changed but not updated:
+# Changes not staged for commit:
 #   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
 #   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
 #
@@ -62,10 +84,8 @@
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'status (2)' '
-
 	git status >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
-
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 cat >expect <<\EOF
@@ -73,7 +93,7 @@
 # Changes to be committed:
 #	new file:   dir2/added
 #
-# Changed but not updated:
+# Changes not staged for commit:
 #	modified:   dir1/modified
 #
 # Untracked files:
@@ -85,17 +105,14 @@
 #	untracked
 EOF
 
-git config advice.statusHints false
-
 test_expect_success 'status (advice.statusHints false)' '
-
+	test_when_finished "git config --unset advice.statusHints" &&
+	git config advice.statusHints false &&
 	git status >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 
 '
 
-git config --unset advice.statusHints
-
 cat >expect <<\EOF
  M dir1/modified
 A  dir2/added
@@ -133,6 +150,12 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'setup dir3' '
+	mkdir dir3 &&
+	: >dir3/untracked1 &&
+	: >dir3/untracked2
+'
+
 cat >expect <<EOF
 # On branch master
 # Changes to be committed:
@@ -140,7 +163,7 @@
 #
 #	new file:   dir2/added
 #
-# Changed but not updated:
+# Changes not staged for commit:
 #   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
 #   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
 #
@@ -149,17 +172,15 @@
 # Untracked files not listed (use -u option to show untracked files)
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'status -uno' '
-	mkdir dir3 &&
-	: >dir3/untracked1 &&
-	: >dir3/untracked2 &&
 	git status -uno >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status (status.showUntrackedFiles no)' '
 	git config status.showuntrackedfiles no
+	test_when_finished "git config --unset status.showuntrackedfiles" &&
 	git status >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
@@ -167,7 +188,7 @@
 # Changes to be committed:
 #	new file:   dir2/added
 #
-# Changed but not updated:
+# Changes not staged for commit:
 #	modified:   dir1/modified
 #
 # Untracked files not listed
@@ -175,7 +196,7 @@
 git config advice.statusHints false
 test_expect_success 'status -uno (advice.statusHints false)' '
 	git status -uno >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 git config --unset advice.statusHints
 
@@ -184,7 +205,6 @@
 A  dir2/added
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'status -s -uno' '
-	git config --unset status.showuntrackedfiles
 	git status -s -uno >output &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
@@ -202,7 +222,7 @@
 #
 #	new file:   dir2/added
 #
-# Changed but not updated:
+# Changes not staged for commit:
 #   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
 #   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
 #
@@ -221,13 +241,14 @@
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'status -unormal' '
 	git status -unormal >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status (status.showUntrackedFiles normal)' '
 	git config status.showuntrackedfiles normal
+	test_when_finished "git config --unset status.showuntrackedfiles" &&
 	git status >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
@@ -242,7 +263,6 @@
 ?? untracked
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'status -s -unormal' '
-	git config --unset status.showuntrackedfiles
 	git status -s -unormal >output &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
@@ -260,7 +280,7 @@
 #
 #	new file:   dir2/added
 #
-# Changed but not updated:
+# Changes not staged for commit:
 #   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
 #   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
 #
@@ -280,14 +300,18 @@
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'status -uall' '
 	git status -uall >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
+
 test_expect_success 'status (status.showUntrackedFiles all)' '
 	git config status.showuntrackedfiles all
+	test_when_finished "git config --unset status.showuntrackedfiles" &&
 	git status >output &&
-	rm -rf dir3 &&
-	git config --unset status.showuntrackedfiles &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'teardown dir3' '
+	rm -rf dir3
 '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
@@ -320,7 +344,7 @@
 #
 #	new file:   ../dir2/added
 #
-# Changed but not updated:
+# Changes not staged for commit:
 #   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
 #   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
 #
@@ -338,10 +362,8 @@
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'status with relative paths' '
-
 	(cd dir1 && git status) >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
-
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 cat >expect <<\EOF
@@ -381,18 +403,19 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'setup unique colors' '
 
-	git config status.color.untracked blue
+	git config status.color.untracked blue &&
+	git config status.color.branch green
 
 '
 
 cat >expect <<\EOF
-# On branch master
+# On branch <GREEN>master<RESET>
 # Changes to be committed:
 #   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
 #
 #	<GREEN>new file:   dir2/added<RESET>
 #
-# Changed but not updated:
+# Changes not staged for commit:
 #   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
 #   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
 #
@@ -410,20 +433,17 @@
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'status with color.ui' '
-
 	git config color.ui always &&
+	test_when_finished "git config --unset color.ui" &&
 	git status | test_decode_color >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
-
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status with color.status' '
-
-	git config --unset color.ui &&
 	git config color.status always &&
+	test_when_finished "git config --unset color.status" &&
 	git status | test_decode_color >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
-
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 cat >expect <<\EOF
@@ -439,7 +459,6 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'status -s with color.ui' '
 
-	git config --unset color.status &&
 	git config color.ui always &&
 	git status -s | test_decode_color >output &&
 	test_cmp expect output
@@ -521,7 +540,7 @@
 #
 #	new file:   dir2/added
 #
-# Changed but not updated:
+# Changes not staged for commit:
 #   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
 #   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
 #
@@ -541,9 +560,10 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'status without relative paths' '
 
-	git config status.relativePaths false
+	git config status.relativePaths false &&
+	test_when_finished "git config --unset status.relativePaths" &&
 	(cd dir1 && git status) >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 
 '
 
@@ -560,6 +580,8 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'status -s without relative paths' '
 
+	git config status.relativePaths false &&
+	test_when_finished "git config --unset status.relativePaths" &&
 	(cd dir1 && git status -s) >output &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 
@@ -583,7 +605,7 @@
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'dry-run of partial commit excluding new file in index' '
 	git commit --dry-run dir1/modified >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
@@ -614,7 +636,7 @@
 #	new file:   dir2/added
 #	new file:   sm
 #
-# Changed but not updated:
+# Changes not staged for commit:
 #   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
 #   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
 #
@@ -632,13 +654,13 @@
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'status submodule summary is disabled by default' '
 	git status >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 # we expect the same as the previous test
 test_expect_success 'status --untracked-files=all does not show submodule' '
 	git status --untracked-files=all >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
@@ -673,7 +695,7 @@
 #	new file:   dir2/added
 #	new file:   sm
 #
-# Changed but not updated:
+# Changes not staged for commit:
 #   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
 #   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
 #
@@ -697,7 +719,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'status submodule summary' '
 	git config status.submodulesummary 10 &&
 	git status >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
@@ -718,7 +740,7 @@
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 # On branch master
-# Changed but not updated:
+# Changes not staged for commit:
 #   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
 #   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
 #
@@ -735,13 +757,13 @@
 #	untracked
 no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
 EOF
-test_expect_success 'status submodule summary (clean submodule)' '
+test_expect_success 'status submodule summary (clean submodule): commit' '
 	git commit -m "commit submodule" &&
 	git config status.submodulesummary 10 &&
 	test_must_fail git commit --dry-run >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output &&
 	git status >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
@@ -766,7 +788,7 @@
 #	new file:   dir2/added
 #	new file:   sm
 #
-# Changed but not updated:
+# Changes not staged for commit:
 #   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
 #   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
 #
@@ -790,7 +812,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'commit --dry-run submodule summary (--amend)' '
 	git config status.submodulesummary 10 &&
 	git commit --dry-run --amend >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 test_expect_success POSIXPERM,SANITY 'status succeeds in a read-only repository' '
@@ -819,7 +841,7 @@
 #
 #	modified:   sm
 #
-# Changed but not updated:
+# Changes not staged for commit:
 #   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
 #   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
 #
@@ -843,19 +865,19 @@
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success '--ignore-submodules=untracked suppresses submodules with untracked content' '
-	echo modified > sm/untracked &&
-	git status --ignore-submodules=untracked > output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	echo modified  sm/untracked &&
+	git status --ignore-submodules=untracked >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 test_expect_success '.gitmodules ignore=untracked suppresses submodules with untracked content' '
 	git config diff.ignoreSubmodules dirty &&
 	git status >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output &&
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.ignore untracked &&
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.path sm &&
-	git status > output &&
-	test_cmp expect output &&
+	git status >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output &&
 	git config -f .gitmodules  --remove-section submodule.subname &&
 	git config --unset diff.ignoreSubmodules
 '
@@ -865,15 +887,15 @@
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.path sm &&
 	git config --add submodule.subname.ignore untracked &&
 	git config --add submodule.subname.path sm &&
-	git status > output &&
-	test_cmp expect output &&
+	git status >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output &&
 	git config --remove-section submodule.subname &&
 	git config --remove-section -f .gitmodules submodule.subname
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--ignore-submodules=dirty suppresses submodules with untracked content' '
-	git status --ignore-submodules=dirty > output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	git status --ignore-submodules=dirty >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 test_expect_success '.gitmodules ignore=dirty suppresses submodules with untracked content' '
@@ -882,8 +904,8 @@
 	! test -s actual &&
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.ignore dirty &&
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.path sm &&
-	git status > output &&
-	test_cmp expect output &&
+	git status >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output &&
 	git config -f .gitmodules  --remove-section submodule.subname &&
 	git config --unset diff.ignoreSubmodules
 '
@@ -893,23 +915,23 @@
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.path sm &&
 	git config --add submodule.subname.ignore dirty &&
 	git config --add submodule.subname.path sm &&
-	git status > output &&
-	test_cmp expect output &&
+	git status >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output &&
 	git config --remove-section submodule.subname &&
 	git config -f .gitmodules  --remove-section submodule.subname
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--ignore-submodules=dirty suppresses submodules with modified content' '
-	echo modified > sm/foo &&
-	git status --ignore-submodules=dirty > output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	echo modified >sm/foo &&
+	git status --ignore-submodules=dirty >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 test_expect_success '.gitmodules ignore=dirty suppresses submodules with modified content' '
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.ignore dirty &&
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.path sm &&
-	git status > output &&
-	test_cmp expect output &&
+	git status >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output &&
 	git config -f .gitmodules  --remove-section submodule.subname
 '
 
@@ -918,8 +940,8 @@
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.path sm &&
 	git config --add submodule.subname.ignore dirty &&
 	git config --add submodule.subname.path sm &&
-	git status > output &&
-	test_cmp expect output &&
+	git status >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output &&
 	git config --remove-section submodule.subname &&
 	git config -f .gitmodules  --remove-section submodule.subname
 '
@@ -931,7 +953,7 @@
 #
 #	modified:   sm
 #
-# Changed but not updated:
+# Changes not staged for commit:
 #   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
 #   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
 #   (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)
@@ -958,14 +980,14 @@
 
 test_expect_success "--ignore-submodules=untracked doesn't suppress submodules with modified content" '
 	git status --ignore-submodules=untracked > output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 test_expect_success ".gitmodules ignore=untracked doesn't suppress submodules with modified content" '
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.ignore untracked &&
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.path sm &&
-	git status > output &&
-	test_cmp expect output &&
+	git status >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output &&
 	git config -f .gitmodules  --remove-section submodule.subname
 '
 
@@ -974,8 +996,8 @@
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.path sm &&
 	git config --add submodule.subname.ignore untracked &&
 	git config --add submodule.subname.path sm &&
-	git status > output &&
-	test_cmp expect output &&
+	git status >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output &&
 	git config --remove-section submodule.subname &&
 	git config -f .gitmodules  --remove-section submodule.subname
 '
@@ -989,7 +1011,7 @@
 #
 #	modified:   sm
 #
-# Changed but not updated:
+# Changes not staged for commit:
 #   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
 #   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
 #
@@ -1020,14 +1042,14 @@
 
 test_expect_success "--ignore-submodules=untracked doesn't suppress submodule summary" '
 	git status --ignore-submodules=untracked > output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 test_expect_success ".gitmodules ignore=untracked doesn't suppress submodule summary" '
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.ignore untracked &&
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.path sm &&
-	git status > output &&
-	test_cmp expect output &&
+	git status >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output &&
 	git config -f .gitmodules  --remove-section submodule.subname
 '
 
@@ -1036,21 +1058,21 @@
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.path sm &&
 	git config --add submodule.subname.ignore untracked &&
 	git config --add submodule.subname.path sm &&
-	git status > output &&
-	test_cmp expect output &&
+	git status >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output &&
 	git config --remove-section submodule.subname &&
 	git config -f .gitmodules  --remove-section submodule.subname
 '
 
 test_expect_success "--ignore-submodules=dirty doesn't suppress submodule summary" '
 	git status --ignore-submodules=dirty > output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 test_expect_success ".gitmodules ignore=dirty doesn't suppress submodule summary" '
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.ignore dirty &&
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.path sm &&
-	git status > output &&
-	test_cmp expect output &&
+	git status >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output &&
 	git config -f .gitmodules  --remove-section submodule.subname
 '
 
@@ -1059,15 +1081,15 @@
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.path sm &&
 	git config --add submodule.subname.ignore dirty &&
 	git config --add submodule.subname.path sm &&
-	git status > output &&
-	test_cmp expect output &&
+	git status >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output &&
 	git config --remove-section submodule.subname &&
 	git config -f .gitmodules  --remove-section submodule.subname
 '
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 # On branch master
-# Changed but not updated:
+# Changes not staged for commit:
 #   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
 #   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
 #
@@ -1088,7 +1110,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success "--ignore-submodules=all suppresses submodule summary" '
 	git status --ignore-submodules=all > output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 test_expect_failure '.gitmodules ignore=all suppresses submodule summary' '
diff --git a/t/t7509-commit.sh b/t/t7509-commit.sh
index 643ab03..b61fd3c 100755
--- a/t/t7509-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t7509-commit.sh
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -a -C Initial --reset-author &&
 	echo "author $GIT_AUTHOR_NAME <$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL> $GIT_AUTHOR_DATE" >expect &&
-	author_header HEAD >actual
+	author_header HEAD >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
 
 	message_body Initial >expect &&
@@ -157,4 +157,33 @@
 	test_must_fail git commit -a --reset-author -m done
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'commit respects CHERRY_PICK_HEAD and MERGE_MSG' '
+	echo "cherry-pick 1a" >>foo &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -am "cherry-pick 1" --author="Cherry <cherry@pick.er>" &&
+	git tag cherry-pick-head &&
+	git rev-parse cherry-pick-head >.git/CHERRY_PICK_HEAD &&
+	echo "This is a MERGE_MSG" >.git/MERGE_MSG &&
+	echo "cherry-pick 1b" >>foo &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a &&
+	author_header cherry-pick-head >expect &&
+	author_header HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo "This is a MERGE_MSG" >expect &&
+	message_body HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--reset-author with CHERRY_PICK_HEAD' '
+	git rev-parse cherry-pick-head >.git/CHERRY_PICK_HEAD &&
+	echo "cherry-pick 2" >>foo &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -am "cherry-pick 2" --reset-author &&
+	echo "author $GIT_AUTHOR_NAME <$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL> $GIT_AUTHOR_DATE" >expect &&
+	author_header HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7600-merge.sh b/t/t7600-merge.sh
index b4f40e4..2d4ed20 100755
--- a/t/t7600-merge.sh
+++ b/t/t7600-merge.sh
@@ -144,6 +144,17 @@
 	test_must_fail git merge
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'merge -h with invalid index' '
+	mkdir broken &&
+	(
+		cd broken &&
+		git init &&
+		>.git/index &&
+		test_expect_code 129 git merge -h 2>usage
+	) &&
+	grep "[Uu]sage: git merge" broken/usage
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'reject non-strategy with a git-merge-foo name' '
 	test_must_fail git merge -s index c1
 '
@@ -313,6 +324,38 @@
 
 test_debug 'git log --graph --decorate --oneline --all'
 
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 (log in config)' '
+	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "" &&
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git merge --log c2 &&
+	git show -s --pretty=tformat:%s%n%b >expect &&
+
+	git config branch.master.mergeoptions --log &&
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git merge c2 &&
+	git show -s --pretty=tformat:%s%n%b >actual &&
+
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 (log in config gets overridden)' '
+	(
+		git config --remove-section branch.master
+		git config --remove-section merge
+	)
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git merge c2 &&
+	git show -s --pretty=tformat:%s%n%b >expect &&
+
+	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "--no-log" &&
+	git config merge.log true &&
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git merge c2 &&
+	git show -s --pretty=tformat:%s%n%b >actual &&
+
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 (squash in config)' '
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
 	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "--squash" &&
@@ -487,7 +530,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'in-index merge' '
 	git reset --hard c0 &&
 	git merge --no-ff -s resolve c1 >out &&
-	grep "Wonderful." out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Wonderful." out &&
 	verify_parents $c0 $c1
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t7601-merge-pull-config.sh b/t/t7601-merge-pull-config.sh
index 7ba94ea..b44b293 100755
--- a/t/t7601-merge-pull-config.sh
+++ b/t/t7601-merge-pull-config.sh
@@ -114,13 +114,13 @@
 test_expect_success 'merge picks up the best result' '
 	git config --unset-all pull.twohead &&
 	git reset --hard c5 &&
-	git merge -s resolve c6
+	test_must_fail git merge -s resolve c6 &&
 	resolve_count=$(conflict_count) &&
 	git reset --hard c5 &&
-	git merge -s recursive c6
+	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive c6 &&
 	recursive_count=$(conflict_count) &&
 	git reset --hard c5 &&
-	git merge -s recursive -s resolve c6
+	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive -s resolve c6 &&
 	auto_count=$(conflict_count) &&
 	test $auto_count = $recursive_count &&
 	test $auto_count != $resolve_count
@@ -129,13 +129,13 @@
 test_expect_success 'merge picks up the best result (from config)' '
 	git config pull.twohead "recursive resolve" &&
 	git reset --hard c5 &&
-	git merge -s resolve c6
+	test_must_fail git merge -s resolve c6 &&
 	resolve_count=$(conflict_count) &&
 	git reset --hard c5 &&
-	git merge -s recursive c6
+	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive c6 &&
 	recursive_count=$(conflict_count) &&
 	git reset --hard c5 &&
-	git merge c6
+	test_must_fail git merge c6 &&
 	auto_count=$(conflict_count) &&
 	test $auto_count = $recursive_count &&
 	test $auto_count != $resolve_count
diff --git a/t/t7602-merge-octopus-many.sh b/t/t7602-merge-octopus-many.sh
index 2746169..0a46795 100755
--- a/t/t7602-merge-octopus-many.sh
+++ b/t/t7602-merge-octopus-many.sh
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 	do
 		refs="$refs c$i"
 		i=`expr $i + 1`
-	done
+	done &&
 	git merge $refs &&
 	test "$(git rev-parse c1)" != "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
 	i=1 &&
diff --git a/t/t7607-merge-overwrite.sh b/t/t7607-merge-overwrite.sh
index d82349a..72a8731 100755
--- a/t/t7607-merge-overwrite.sh
+++ b/t/t7607-merge-overwrite.sh
@@ -7,48 +7,54 @@
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
-	echo c0 > c0.c &&
-	git add c0.c &&
-	git commit -m c0 &&
-	git tag c0 &&
-	echo c1 > c1.c &&
-	git add c1.c &&
-	git commit -m c1 &&
-	git tag c1 &&
+	test_commit c0 c0.c &&
+	test_commit c1 c1.c &&
+	test_commit c1a c1.c "c1 a" &&
 	git reset --hard c0 &&
-	echo c2 > c2.c &&
-	git add c2.c &&
-	git commit -m c2 &&
-	git tag c2 &&
-	git reset --hard c1 &&
-	echo "c1 a" > c1.c &&
-	git add c1.c &&
-	git commit -m "c1 a" &&
-	git tag c1a &&
+	test_commit c2 c2.c &&
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	mkdir sub &&
+	echo "sub/f" > sub/f &&
+	mkdir sub2 &&
+	echo "sub2/f" > sub2/f &&
+	git add sub/f sub2/f &&
+	git commit -m sub &&
+	git tag sub &&
 	echo "VERY IMPORTANT CHANGES" > important
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'will not overwrite untracked file' '
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
-	cat important > c2.c &&
+	cp important c2.c &&
 	test_must_fail git merge c2 &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
 	test_cmp important c2.c
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'will overwrite tracked file' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	cp important c2.c &&
+	git add c2.c &&
+	git commit -m important &&
+	git checkout c2
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'will not overwrite new file' '
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
-	cat important > c2.c &&
+	cp important c2.c &&
 	git add c2.c &&
 	test_must_fail git merge c2 &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
 	test_cmp important c2.c
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'will not overwrite staged changes' '
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
-	cat important > c2.c &&
+	cp important c2.c &&
 	git add c2.c &&
 	rm c2.c &&
 	test_must_fail git merge c2 &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
 	git checkout c2.c &&
 	test_cmp important c2.c
 '
@@ -57,7 +63,7 @@
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
 	git rm c1.c &&
 	git commit -m "rm c1.c" &&
-	cat important > c1.c &&
+	cp important c1.c &&
 	test_must_fail git merge c1a &&
 	test_cmp important c1.c
 '
@@ -66,9 +72,10 @@
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
 	git rm c1.c &&
 	git commit -m "rm c1.c" &&
-	cat important > c1.c &&
+	cp important c1.c &&
 	git add c1.c &&
 	test_must_fail git merge c1a &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
 	test_cmp important c1.c
 '
 
@@ -76,12 +83,101 @@
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
 	git rm c1.c &&
 	git commit -m "rm c1.c" &&
-	cat important > c1.c &&
+	cp important c1.c &&
 	git add c1.c &&
 	rm c1.c &&
 	test_must_fail git merge c1a &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
 	git checkout c1.c &&
 	test_cmp important c1.c
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'will not overwrite untracked subtree' '
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	rm -rf sub &&
+	mkdir -p sub/f &&
+	cp important sub/f/important &&
+	test_must_fail git merge sub &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	test_cmp important sub/f/important
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+error: The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:
+	sub
+	sub2
+Please move or remove them before you can merge.
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'will not overwrite untracked file in leading path' '
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	rm -rf sub &&
+	cp important sub &&
+	cp important sub2 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge sub 2>out &&
+	test_cmp out expect &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	test_cmp important sub &&
+	test_cmp important sub2 &&
+	rm -f sub sub2
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'will not overwrite untracked symlink in leading path' '
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	rm -rf sub &&
+	mkdir sub2 &&
+	ln -s sub2 sub &&
+	test_must_fail git merge sub &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'will not be confused by symlink in leading path' '
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	rm -rf sub &&
+	ln -s sub2 sub &&
+	git add sub &&
+	git commit -m ln &&
+	git checkout sub
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+error: Untracked working tree file 'c0.c' would be overwritten by merge.
+fatal: read-tree failed
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'will not overwrite untracked file on unborn branch' '
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	git rm -fr . &&
+	git checkout --orphan new &&
+	cp important c0.c &&
+	test_must_fail git merge c0 2>out &&
+	test_i18ncmp out expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'will not overwrite untracked file on unborn branch .git/MERGE_HEAD sanity etc.' '
+	test_when_finished "rm c0.c" &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	test_cmp important c0.c
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'failed merge leaves unborn branch in the womb' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up unborn branch and content' '
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/unborn &&
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	echo foo > tracked-file &&
+	git add tracked-file &&
+	echo bar > untracked-file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'will not clobber WT/index when merging into unborn' '
+	git merge master &&
+	grep foo tracked-file &&
+	git show :tracked-file >expect &&
+	grep foo expect &&
+	grep bar untracked-file
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7608-merge-messages.sh b/t/t7608-merge-messages.sh
index 28d5679..9225fa6 100755
--- a/t/t7608-merge-messages.sh
+++ b/t/t7608-merge-messages.sh
@@ -47,14 +47,14 @@
 	check_oneline "Merge commit QambiguousQ"
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'remote branch' '
+test_expect_success 'remote-tracking branch' '
 	git checkout -b remote master &&
 	test_commit remote-1 &&
 	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/master remote &&
 	git checkout master &&
 	test_commit master-5 &&
 	git merge origin/master &&
-	check_oneline "Merge remote branch Qorigin/masterQ"
+	check_oneline "Merge remote-tracking branch Qorigin/masterQ"
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7609-merge-co-error-msgs.sh b/t/t7609-merge-co-error-msgs.sh
index 114d2bd..c994836 100755
--- a/t/t7609-merge-co-error-msgs.sh
+++ b/t/t7609-merge-co-error-msgs.sh
@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@
 
 cat >expect <<\EOF
 error: The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:
-	two
-	three
-	four
 	five
+	four
+	three
+	two
 Please move or remove them before you can merge.
 EOF
 
@@ -49,9 +49,9 @@
 
 cat >expect <<\EOF
 error: Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:
-	two
-	three
 	four
+	three
+	two
 Please, commit your changes or stash them before you can merge.
 error: The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:
 	five
@@ -68,8 +68,8 @@
 
 cat >expect <<\EOF
 error: Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:
-	rep/two
 	rep/one
+	rep/two
 Please, commit your changes or stash them before you can switch branches.
 EOF
 
@@ -89,8 +89,8 @@
 
 cat >expect <<\EOF
 error: Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:
-	rep/two
 	rep/one
+	rep/two
 Please, commit your changes or stash them before you can switch branches.
 EOF
 
@@ -102,8 +102,8 @@
 
 cat >expect <<\EOF
 error: Updating the following directories would lose untracked files in it:
-	rep2
 	rep
+	rep2
 
 EOF
 
diff --git a/t/t7610-mergetool.sh b/t/t7610-mergetool.sh
index 3bd7404..cbc08e3 100755
--- a/t/t7610-mergetool.sh
+++ b/t/t7610-mergetool.sh
@@ -16,23 +16,57 @@
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
     git config rerere.enabled true &&
     echo master >file1 &&
+    echo master file11 >file11 &&
+    echo master file12 >file12 &&
+    echo master file13 >file13 &&
+    echo master file14 >file14 &&
     mkdir subdir &&
     echo master sub >subdir/file3 &&
-    git add file1 subdir/file3 &&
-    git commit -m "added file1" &&
+    test_create_repo submod &&
+    (
+	cd submod &&
+	: >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m "Add foo"
+    ) &&
+    git submodule add git://example.com/submod submod &&
+    git add file1 file1[1-4] subdir/file3 .gitmodules submod &&
+    git commit -m "add initial versions" &&
 
     git checkout -b branch1 master &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
     echo branch1 change >file1 &&
     echo branch1 newfile >file2 &&
+    echo branch1 change file11 >file11 &&
+    echo branch1 change file13 >file13 &&
     echo branch1 sub >subdir/file3 &&
-    git add file1 file2 subdir/file3 &&
+    (
+	cd submod &&
+	echo branch1 submodule >bar &&
+	git add bar &&
+	git commit -m "Add bar on branch1" &&
+	git checkout -b submod-branch1
+    ) &&
+    git add file1 file11 file13 file2 subdir/file3 submod &&
+    git rm file12 &&
     git commit -m "branch1 changes" &&
 
     git checkout master &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
     echo master updated >file1 &&
     echo master new >file2 &&
+    echo master updated file12 >file12 &&
+    echo master updated file14 >file14 &&
     echo master new sub >subdir/file3 &&
-    git add file1 file2 subdir/file3 &&
+    (
+	cd submod &&
+	echo master submodule >bar &&
+	git add bar &&
+	git commit -m "Add bar on master" &&
+	git checkout -b submod-master
+    ) &&
+    git add file1 file12 file14 file2 subdir/file3 submod &&
+    git rm file11 &&
     git commit -m "master updates" &&
 
     git config merge.tool mytool &&
@@ -42,26 +76,36 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'custom mergetool' '
     git checkout -b test1 branch1 &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
     test_must_fail git merge master >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
     ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "" | git mergetool file2 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "" | git mergetool subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "d" | git mergetool file11 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "d" | git mergetool file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "l" | git mergetool submod >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     test "$(cat file1)" = "master updated" &&
     test "$(cat file2)" = "master new" &&
     test "$(cat subdir/file3)" = "master new sub" &&
+    test "$(cat submod/bar)" = "branch1 submodule" &&
     git commit -m "branch1 resolved with mergetool"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'mergetool crlf' '
     git config core.autocrlf true &&
-    git checkout -b test2 branch1
+    git checkout -b test2 branch1 &&
     test_must_fail git merge master >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
     ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "" | git mergetool file2 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "" | git mergetool subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "d" | git mergetool file11 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "d" | git mergetool file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "r" | git mergetool submod >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     test "$(printf x | cat file1 -)" = "$(printf "master updated\r\nx")" &&
     test "$(printf x | cat file2 -)" = "$(printf "master new\r\nx")" &&
     test "$(printf x | cat subdir/file3 -)" = "$(printf "master new sub\r\nx")" &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    test "$(cat submod/bar)" = "master submodule" &&
     git commit -m "branch1 resolved with mergetool - autocrlf" &&
     git config core.autocrlf false &&
     git reset --hard
@@ -69,6 +113,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'mergetool in subdir' '
     git checkout -b test3 branch1 &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
     (
 	cd subdir &&
 	test_must_fail git merge master >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
@@ -82,16 +127,24 @@
 	cd subdir &&
 	( yes "" | git mergetool ../file1 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
 	( yes "" | git mergetool ../file2 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+	( yes "d" | git mergetool ../file11 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+	( yes "d" | git mergetool ../file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+	( yes "l" | git mergetool ../submod >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
 	test "$(cat ../file1)" = "master updated" &&
 	test "$(cat ../file2)" = "master new" &&
+	test "$(cat ../submod/bar)" = "branch1 submodule" &&
 	git commit -m "branch1 resolved with mergetool - subdir"
     )
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'mergetool skips autoresolved' '
     git checkout -b test4 branch1 &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
     test_must_fail git merge master &&
     test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+    ( yes "d" | git mergetool file11 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "d" | git mergetool file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "l" | git mergetool submod >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     output="$(git mergetool --no-prompt)" &&
     test "$output" = "No files need merging" &&
     git reset --hard
@@ -102,13 +155,272 @@
 	cd subdir &&
 	git config rerere.enabled false &&
 	test_must_fail git merge master &&
-	git mergetool --no-prompt &&
+	( yes "r" | git mergetool ../submod ) &&
+	( yes "d" "d" | git mergetool --no-prompt ) &&
 	test "$(cat ../file1)" = "master updated" &&
 	test "$(cat ../file2)" = "master new" &&
 	test "$(cat file3)" = "master new sub" &&
-	git add ../file1 ../file2 file3 &&
+	( cd .. && git submodule update -N ) &&
+	test "$(cat ../submod/bar)" = "master submodule" &&
 	git commit -m "branch2 resolved by mergetool from subdir"
     )
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'mergetool skips resolved paths when rerere is active' '
+    git config rerere.enabled true &&
+    rm -rf .git/rr-cache &&
+    git checkout -b test5 branch1
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    test_must_fail git merge master >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+    ( yes "l" | git mergetool --no-prompt submod >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "d" "d" | git mergetool --no-prompt >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    output="$(yes "n" | git mergetool --no-prompt)" &&
+    test "$output" = "No files need merging" &&
+    git reset --hard
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'deleted vs modified submodule' '
+    git checkout -b test6 branch1 &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    mv submod submod-movedaside &&
+    git rm submod &&
+    git commit -m "Submodule deleted from branch" &&
+    git checkout -b test6.a test6 &&
+    test_must_fail git merge master &&
+    test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file2 subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "d" | git mergetool file11 file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "r" | git mergetool submod ) &&
+    rmdir submod && mv submod-movedaside submod &&
+    test "$(cat submod/bar)" = "branch1 submodule" &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    test "$(cat submod/bar)" = "master submodule" &&
+    output="$(git mergetool --no-prompt)" &&
+    test "$output" = "No files need merging" &&
+    git commit -m "Merge resolved by keeping module" &&
+
+    mv submod submod-movedaside &&
+    git checkout -b test6.b test6 &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    test_must_fail git merge master &&
+    test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file2 subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "d" | git mergetool file11 file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "l" | git mergetool submod ) &&
+    test ! -e submod &&
+    output="$(git mergetool --no-prompt)" &&
+    test "$output" = "No files need merging" &&
+    git commit -m "Merge resolved by deleting module" &&
+
+    mv submod-movedaside submod &&
+    git checkout -b test6.c master &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    test_must_fail git merge test6 &&
+    test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file2 subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "d" | git mergetool file11 file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "r" | git mergetool submod ) &&
+    test ! -e submod &&
+    test -d submod.orig &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    output="$(git mergetool --no-prompt)" &&
+    test "$output" = "No files need merging" &&
+    git commit -m "Merge resolved by deleting module" &&
+    mv submod.orig submod &&
+
+    git checkout -b test6.d master &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    test_must_fail git merge test6 &&
+    test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file2 subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "d" | git mergetool file11 file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "l" | git mergetool submod ) &&
+    test "$(cat submod/bar)" = "master submodule" &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    test "$(cat submod/bar)" = "master submodule" &&
+    output="$(git mergetool --no-prompt)" &&
+    test "$output" = "No files need merging" &&
+    git commit -m "Merge resolved by keeping module" &&
+    git reset --hard HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'file vs modified submodule' '
+    git checkout -b test7 branch1 &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    mv submod submod-movedaside &&
+    git rm submod &&
+    echo not a submodule >submod &&
+    git add submod &&
+    git commit -m "Submodule path becomes file" &&
+    git checkout -b test7.a branch1 &&
+    test_must_fail git merge master &&
+    test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file2 subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "d" | git mergetool file11 file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "r" | git mergetool submod ) &&
+    rmdir submod && mv submod-movedaside submod &&
+    test "$(cat submod/bar)" = "branch1 submodule" &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    test "$(cat submod/bar)" = "master submodule" &&
+    output="$(git mergetool --no-prompt)" &&
+    test "$output" = "No files need merging" &&
+    git commit -m "Merge resolved by keeping module" &&
+
+    mv submod submod-movedaside &&
+    git checkout -b test7.b test7 &&
+    test_must_fail git merge master &&
+    test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file2 subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "d" | git mergetool file11 file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "l" | git mergetool submod ) &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    test "$(cat submod)" = "not a submodule" &&
+    output="$(git mergetool --no-prompt)" &&
+    test "$output" = "No files need merging" &&
+    git commit -m "Merge resolved by keeping file" &&
+
+    git checkout -b test7.c master &&
+    rmdir submod && mv submod-movedaside submod &&
+    test ! -e submod.orig &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    test_must_fail git merge test7 &&
+    test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file2 subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "d" | git mergetool file11 file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "r" | git mergetool submod ) &&
+    test -d submod.orig &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    test "$(cat submod)" = "not a submodule" &&
+    output="$(git mergetool --no-prompt)" &&
+    test "$output" = "No files need merging" &&
+    git commit -m "Merge resolved by keeping file" &&
+
+    git checkout -b test7.d master &&
+    rmdir submod && mv submod.orig submod &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    test_must_fail git merge test7 &&
+    test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file2 subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "d" | git mergetool file11 file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "l" | git mergetool submod ) &&
+    test "$(cat submod/bar)" = "master submodule" &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    test "$(cat submod/bar)" = "master submodule" &&
+    output="$(git mergetool --no-prompt)" &&
+    test "$output" = "No files need merging" &&
+    git commit -m "Merge resolved by keeping module"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule in subdirectory' '
+    git checkout -b test10 branch1 &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    (
+	cd subdir &&
+	test_create_repo subdir_module &&
+	(
+	    cd subdir_module &&
+	    : >file15 &&
+	    git add file15 &&
+	    git commit -m "add initial versions"
+	)
+    ) &&
+    git submodule add git://example.com/subsubmodule subdir/subdir_module &&
+    git add subdir/subdir_module &&
+    git commit -m "add submodule in subdirectory" &&
+
+    git checkout -b test10.a test10 &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    (
+	cd subdir/subdir_module &&
+	git checkout -b super10.a &&
+	echo test10.a >file15 &&
+	git add file15 &&
+	git commit -m "on branch 10.a"
+    ) &&
+    git add subdir/subdir_module &&
+    git commit -m "change submodule in subdirectory on test10.a" &&
+
+    git checkout -b test10.b test10 &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    (
+	cd subdir/subdir_module &&
+	git checkout -b super10.b &&
+	echo test10.b >file15 &&
+	git add file15 &&
+	git commit -m "on branch 10.b"
+    ) &&
+    git add subdir/subdir_module &&
+    git commit -m "change submodule in subdirectory on test10.b" &&
+
+    test_must_fail git merge test10.a >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+    (
+	cd subdir &&
+	( yes "l" | git mergetool subdir_module )
+    ) &&
+    test "$(cat subdir/subdir_module/file15)" = "test10.b" &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    test "$(cat subdir/subdir_module/file15)" = "test10.b" &&
+    git reset --hard &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+
+    test_must_fail git merge test10.a >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+    ( yes "r" | git mergetool subdir/subdir_module ) &&
+    test "$(cat subdir/subdir_module/file15)" = "test10.b" &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    test "$(cat subdir/subdir_module/file15)" = "test10.a" &&
+    git commit -m "branch1 resolved with mergetool" &&
+    rm -rf subdir/subdir_module
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'directory vs modified submodule' '
+    git checkout -b test11 branch1 &&
+    mv submod submod-movedaside &&
+    git rm submod &&
+    mkdir submod &&
+    echo not a submodule >submod/file16 &&
+    git add submod/file16 &&
+    git commit -m "Submodule path becomes directory" &&
+
+    test_must_fail git merge master &&
+    test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+    ( yes "l" | git mergetool submod ) &&
+    test "$(cat submod/file16)" = "not a submodule" &&
+    rm -rf submod.orig &&
+
+    git reset --hard &&
+    test_must_fail git merge master &&
+    test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+    test ! -e submod.orig &&
+    ( yes "r" | git mergetool submod ) &&
+    test -d submod.orig &&
+    test "$(cat submod.orig/file16)" = "not a submodule" &&
+    rm -r submod.orig &&
+    mv submod-movedaside/.git submod &&
+    ( cd submod && git clean -f && git reset --hard ) &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    test "$(cat submod/bar)" = "master submodule" &&
+    git reset --hard && rm -rf submod-movedaside &&
+
+    git checkout -b test11.c master &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    test_must_fail git merge test11 &&
+    test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+    ( yes "l" | git mergetool submod ) &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    test "$(cat submod/bar)" = "master submodule" &&
+
+    git reset --hard &&
+    git submodule update -N &&
+    test_must_fail git merge test11 &&
+    test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+    test ! -e submod.orig &&
+    ( yes "r" | git mergetool submod ) &&
+    test "$(cat submod/file16)" = "not a submodule" &&
+
+    git reset --hard master &&
+    ( cd submod && git clean -f && git reset --hard ) &&
+    git submodule update -N
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7611-merge-abort.sh b/t/t7611-merge-abort.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..7b4798e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7611-merge-abort.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,319 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test aborting in-progress merges
+
+Set up repo with conflicting and non-conflicting branches:
+
+There are three files foo/bar/baz, and the following graph illustrates the
+content of these files in each commit:
+
+# foo/bar/baz --- foo/bar/bazz     <-- master
+#             \
+#              --- foo/barf/bazf   <-- conflict_branch
+#               \
+#                --- foo/bart/baz  <-- clean_branch
+
+Next, test git merge --abort with the following variables:
+- before/after successful merge (should fail when not in merge context)
+- with/without conflicts
+- clean/dirty index before merge
+- clean/dirty worktree before merge
+- dirty index before merge matches contents on remote branch
+- changed/unchanged worktree after merge
+- changed/unchanged index after merge
+'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	# Create the above repo
+	echo foo > foo &&
+	echo bar > bar &&
+	echo baz > baz &&
+	git add foo bar baz &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	echo bazz > baz &&
+	git commit -a -m "second" &&
+	git checkout -b conflict_branch HEAD^ &&
+	echo barf > bar &&
+	echo bazf > baz &&
+	git commit -a -m "conflict" &&
+	git checkout -b clean_branch HEAD^ &&
+	echo bart > bar &&
+	git commit -a -m "clean" &&
+	git checkout master
+'
+
+pre_merge_head="$(git rev-parse HEAD)"
+
+test_expect_success 'fails without MERGE_HEAD (unstarted merge)' '
+	test_must_fail git merge --abort 2>output &&
+	test_i18ngrep MERGE_HEAD output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fails without MERGE_HEAD (unstarted merge): .git/MERGE_HEAD sanity' '
+	test ! -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	test "$pre_merge_head" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fails without MERGE_HEAD (completed merge)' '
+	git merge clean_branch &&
+	test ! -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	# Merge successfully completed
+	post_merge_head="$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --abort 2>output &&
+	test_i18ngrep MERGE_HEAD output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fails without MERGE_HEAD (completed merge): .git/MERGE_HEAD sanity' '
+	test ! -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	test "$post_merge_head" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Forget previous merge' '
+	git reset --hard "$pre_merge_head"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Abort after --no-commit' '
+	# Redo merge, but stop before creating merge commit
+	git merge --no-commit clean_branch &&
+	test -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	# Abort non-conflicting merge
+	git merge --abort &&
+	test ! -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	test "$pre_merge_head" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	test -z "$(git diff)" &&
+	test -z "$(git diff --staged)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Abort after conflicts' '
+	# Create conflicting merge
+	test_must_fail git merge conflict_branch &&
+	test -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	# Abort conflicting merge
+	git merge --abort &&
+	test ! -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	test "$pre_merge_head" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	test -z "$(git diff)" &&
+	test -z "$(git diff --staged)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Clean merge with dirty index fails' '
+	echo xyzzy >> foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git diff --staged > expect &&
+	test_must_fail git merge clean_branch &&
+	test ! -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	test "$pre_merge_head" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	test -z "$(git diff)" &&
+	git diff --staged > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Conflicting merge with dirty index fails' '
+	test_must_fail git merge conflict_branch &&
+	test ! -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	test "$pre_merge_head" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	test -z "$(git diff)" &&
+	git diff --staged > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Reset index (but preserve worktree changes)' '
+	git reset "$pre_merge_head" &&
+	git diff > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Abort clean merge with non-conflicting dirty worktree' '
+	git merge --no-commit clean_branch &&
+	test -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	# Abort merge
+	git merge --abort &&
+	test ! -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	test "$pre_merge_head" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	test -z "$(git diff --staged)" &&
+	git diff > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Abort conflicting merge with non-conflicting dirty worktree' '
+	test_must_fail git merge conflict_branch &&
+	test -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	# Abort merge
+	git merge --abort &&
+	test ! -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	test "$pre_merge_head" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	test -z "$(git diff --staged)" &&
+	git diff > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Reset worktree changes' '
+	git reset --hard "$pre_merge_head"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Fail clean merge with conflicting dirty worktree' '
+	echo xyzzy >> bar &&
+	git diff > expect &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --no-commit clean_branch &&
+	test ! -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	test "$pre_merge_head" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	test -z "$(git diff --staged)" &&
+	git diff > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Fail conflicting merge with conflicting dirty worktree' '
+	test_must_fail git merge conflict_branch &&
+	test ! -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	test "$pre_merge_head" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	test -z "$(git diff --staged)" &&
+	git diff > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Reset worktree changes' '
+	git reset --hard "$pre_merge_head"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Fail clean merge with matching dirty worktree' '
+	echo bart > bar &&
+	git diff > expect &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --no-commit clean_branch &&
+	test ! -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	test "$pre_merge_head" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	test -z "$(git diff --staged)" &&
+	git diff > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Abort clean merge with matching dirty index' '
+	git add bar &&
+	git diff --staged > expect &&
+	git merge --no-commit clean_branch &&
+	test -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	### When aborting the merge, git will discard all staged changes,
+	### including those that were staged pre-merge. In other words,
+	### --abort will LOSE any staged changes (the staged changes that
+	### are lost must match the merge result, or the merge would not
+	### have been allowed to start). Change expectations accordingly:
+	rm expect &&
+	touch expect &&
+	# Abort merge
+	git merge --abort &&
+	test ! -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	test "$pre_merge_head" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	git diff --staged > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test -z "$(git diff)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Reset worktree changes' '
+	git reset --hard "$pre_merge_head"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Fail conflicting merge with matching dirty worktree' '
+	echo barf > bar &&
+	git diff > expect &&
+	test_must_fail git merge conflict_branch &&
+	test ! -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	test "$pre_merge_head" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	test -z "$(git diff --staged)" &&
+	git diff > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Abort conflicting merge with matching dirty index' '
+	git add bar &&
+	git diff --staged > expect &&
+	test_must_fail git merge conflict_branch &&
+	test -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	### When aborting the merge, git will discard all staged changes,
+	### including those that were staged pre-merge. In other words,
+	### --abort will LOSE any staged changes (the staged changes that
+	### are lost must match the merge result, or the merge would not
+	### have been allowed to start). Change expectations accordingly:
+	rm expect &&
+	touch expect &&
+	# Abort merge
+	git merge --abort &&
+	test ! -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	test "$pre_merge_head" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	git diff --staged > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test -z "$(git diff)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Reset worktree changes' '
+	git reset --hard "$pre_merge_head"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Abort merge with pre- and post-merge worktree changes' '
+	# Pre-merge worktree changes
+	echo xyzzy > foo &&
+	echo barf > bar &&
+	git add bar &&
+	git diff > expect &&
+	git diff --staged > expect-staged &&
+	# Perform merge
+	test_must_fail git merge conflict_branch &&
+	test -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	# Post-merge worktree changes
+	echo yzxxz > foo &&
+	echo blech > baz &&
+	### When aborting the merge, git will discard staged changes (bar)
+	### and unmerged changes (baz). Other changes that are neither
+	### staged nor marked as unmerged (foo), will be preserved. For
+	### these changed, git cannot tell pre-merge changes apart from
+	### post-merge changes, so the post-merge changes will be
+	### preserved. Change expectations accordingly:
+	git diff -- foo > expect &&
+	rm expect-staged &&
+	touch expect-staged &&
+	# Abort merge
+	git merge --abort &&
+	test ! -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	test "$pre_merge_head" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	git diff > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git diff --staged > actual-staged &&
+	test_cmp expect-staged actual-staged
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Reset worktree changes' '
+	git reset --hard "$pre_merge_head"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Abort merge with pre- and post-merge index changes' '
+	# Pre-merge worktree changes
+	echo xyzzy > foo &&
+	echo barf > bar &&
+	git add bar &&
+	git diff > expect &&
+	git diff --staged > expect-staged &&
+	# Perform merge
+	test_must_fail git merge conflict_branch &&
+	test -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	# Post-merge worktree changes
+	echo yzxxz > foo &&
+	echo blech > baz &&
+	git add foo bar &&
+	### When aborting the merge, git will discard all staged changes
+	### (foo, bar and baz), and no changes will be preserved. Whether
+	### the changes were staged pre- or post-merge does not matter
+	### (except for not preventing starting the merge).
+	### Change expectations accordingly:
+	rm expect expect-staged &&
+	touch expect &&
+	touch expect-staged &&
+	# Abort merge
+	git merge --abort &&
+	test ! -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	test "$pre_merge_head" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	git diff > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git diff --staged > actual-staged &&
+	test_cmp expect-staged actual-staged
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7700-repack.sh b/t/t7700-repack.sh
index c2f66ff..d954b84 100755
--- a/t/t7700-repack.sh
+++ b/t/t7700-repack.sh
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'packed obs in alt ODB are repacked even when local repo is packless' '
-	mkdir alt_objects/pack
+	mkdir alt_objects/pack &&
 	mv .git/objects/pack/* alt_objects/pack &&
 	git repack -a &&
 	myidx=$(ls -1 .git/objects/pack/*.idx) &&
@@ -95,14 +95,14 @@
 	# swap the .keep so the commit object is in the pack with .keep
 	for p in alt_objects/pack/*.pack
 	do
-		base_name=$(basename $p .pack)
+		base_name=$(basename $p .pack) &&
 		if test -f alt_objects/pack/$base_name.keep
 		then
 			rm alt_objects/pack/$base_name.keep
 		else
 			touch alt_objects/pack/$base_name.keep
 		fi
-	done
+	done &&
 	git repack -a -d &&
 	myidx=$(ls -1 .git/objects/pack/*.idx) &&
 	test -f "$myidx" &&
diff --git a/t/t7800-difftool.sh b/t/t7800-difftool.sh
index 58dc6f6..4048d10 100755
--- a/t/t7800-difftool.sh
+++ b/t/t7800-difftool.sh
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@
 
 # Specify the diff tool using $GIT_DIFF_TOOL
 test_expect_success PERL 'GIT_DIFF_TOOL variable' '
-	git config --unset diff.tool
+	test_might_fail git config --unset diff.tool &&
 	GIT_DIFF_TOOL=test-tool &&
 	export GIT_DIFF_TOOL &&
 
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@
 
 # Test that we don't have to pass --no-prompt when mergetool.prompt is false
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool merge.prompt = false' '
-	git config --unset difftool.prompt
+	test_might_fail git config --unset difftool.prompt &&
 	git config mergetool.prompt false &&
 
 	diff=$(git difftool branch) &&
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@
 # git-difftool falls back to git-mergetool config variables
 # so test that behavior here
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool + mergetool config variables' '
-	remove_config_vars
+	remove_config_vars &&
 	git config merge.tool test-tool &&
 	git config mergetool.test-tool.cmd "cat \$LOCAL" &&
 
@@ -254,17 +254,17 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --extcmd echo arg1' '
-	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt --extcmd sh\ -c\ \"echo\ \$1\" branch)
+	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt --extcmd sh\ -c\ \"echo\ \$1\" branch) &&
 	test "$diff" = file
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --extcmd cat arg1' '
-	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt --extcmd sh\ -c\ \"cat\ \$1\" branch)
+	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt --extcmd sh\ -c\ \"cat\ \$1\" branch) &&
 	test "$diff" = master
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --extcmd cat arg2' '
-	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt --extcmd sh\ -c\ \"cat\ \$2\" branch)
+	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt --extcmd sh\ -c\ \"cat\ \$2\" branch) &&
 	test "$diff" = branch
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t7810-grep.sh b/t/t7810-grep.sh
index 5065884..8184c26 100755
--- a/t/t7810-grep.sh
+++ b/t/t7810-grep.sh
@@ -59,7 +59,29 @@
 			echo ${HC}file:4:foo mmap bar_mmap
 			echo ${HC}file:5:foo_mmap bar mmap baz
 		} >expected &&
-		git grep -n -w -e mmap $H >actual &&
+		git -c grep.linenumber=false grep -n -w -e mmap $H >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "grep -w $L" '
+		{
+			echo ${HC}file:1:foo mmap bar
+			echo ${HC}file:3:foo_mmap bar mmap
+			echo ${HC}file:4:foo mmap bar_mmap
+			echo ${HC}file:5:foo_mmap bar mmap baz
+		} >expected &&
+		git -c grep.linenumber=true grep -w -e mmap $H >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "grep -w $L" '
+		{
+			echo ${HC}file:foo mmap bar
+			echo ${HC}file:foo_mmap bar mmap
+			echo ${HC}file:foo mmap bar_mmap
+			echo ${HC}file:foo_mmap bar mmap baz
+		} >expected &&
+		git -c grep.linenumber=true grep --no-line-number -w -e mmap $H >actual &&
 		test_cmp expected actual
 	'
 
@@ -182,6 +204,24 @@
 		test_cmp expected actual
 	'
 
+	test_expect_success "grep --max-depth 0 -- . t $L" '
+		{
+			echo ${HC}t/v:1:vvv
+			echo ${HC}v:1:vvv
+		} >expected &&
+		git grep --max-depth 0 -n -e vvv $H -- . t >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "grep --max-depth 0 -- t . $L" '
+		{
+			echo ${HC}t/v:1:vvv
+			echo ${HC}v:1:vvv
+		} >expected &&
+		git grep --max-depth 0 -n -e vvv $H -- t . >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
 done
 
 cat >expected <<EOF
@@ -285,6 +325,11 @@
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'grep -f, ignore empty lines, read patterns from stdin' '
+	git grep -f - <patterns >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 cat >expected <<EOF
 y:y yy
 --
@@ -479,7 +524,7 @@
 		echo file1:hello &&
 		echo sub/file2:world
 	} >non/expect.full &&
-	echo file2:world >non/expect.sub
+	echo file2:world >non/expect.sub &&
 	(
 		GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$(pwd)/non/git" &&
 		export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES &&
@@ -505,7 +550,7 @@
 		echo sub/file2:world
 	} >is/expect.full &&
 	: >is/expect.empty &&
-	echo file2:world >is/expect.sub
+	echo file2:world >is/expect.sub &&
 	(
 		cd is/git &&
 		git init &&
diff --git a/t/t7811-grep-open.sh b/t/t7811-grep-open.sh
index 568a6f2..a895778 100755
--- a/t/t7811-grep-open.sh
+++ b/t/t7811-grep-open.sh
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'git grep -O --cached' '
 	test_must_fail git grep --cached -O GREP_PATTERN >out 2>msg &&
-	grep open-files-in-pager msg
+	test_i18ngrep open-files-in-pager msg
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git grep -O --no-index' '
diff --git a/t/t8001-annotate.sh b/t/t8001-annotate.sh
index 45cb60e..41962f0 100755
--- a/t/t8001-annotate.sh
+++ b/t/t8001-annotate.sh
@@ -6,10 +6,11 @@
 PROG='git annotate'
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/annotate-tests.sh
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'Annotating an old revision works' \
-    '[ $(git annotate file master | awk "{print \$3}" | grep -c "^A$") -eq 2 ] && \
-     [ $(git annotate file master | awk "{print \$3}" | grep -c "^B$") -eq 2 ]'
-
+test_expect_success 'Annotating an old revision works' '
+	git annotate file master >result &&
+	awk "{ print \$3; }" <result >authors &&
+	test 2 = $(grep A <authors | wc -l) &&
+	test 2 = $(grep B <authors | wc -l)
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t8002-blame.sh b/t/t8002-blame.sh
index 597cf04..e2896cf 100755
--- a/t/t8002-blame.sh
+++ b/t/t8002-blame.sh
@@ -6,4 +6,9 @@
 PROG='git blame -c'
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/annotate-tests.sh
 
+PROG='git blame -c -e'
+test_expect_success 'Blame --show-email works' '
+    check_count "<A@test.git>" 1 "<B@test.git>" 1 "<B1@test.git>" 1 "<B2@test.git>" 1 "<author@example.com>" 1 "<C@test.git>" 1 "<D@test.git>" 1 "<E at test dot git>" 1
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t8003-blame.sh b/t/t8003-blame-corner-cases.sh
similarity index 100%
rename from t/t8003-blame.sh
rename to t/t8003-blame-corner-cases.sh
diff --git a/t/t8004-blame.sh b/t/t8004-blame-with-conflicts.sh
similarity index 100%
rename from t/t8004-blame.sh
rename to t/t8004-blame-with-conflicts.sh
diff --git a/t/t8006-blame-textconv.sh b/t/t8006-blame-textconv.sh
index 9ad96d4..32ec82a 100755
--- a/t/t8006-blame-textconv.sh
+++ b/t/t8006-blame-textconv.sh
@@ -9,22 +9,30 @@
 
 cat >helper <<'EOF'
 #!/bin/sh
-sed 's/^/converted: /' "$@"
+grep -q '^bin: ' "$1" || { echo "E: $1 is not \"binary\" file" 1>&2; exit 1; }
+sed 's/^bin: /converted: /' "$1"
 EOF
 chmod +x helper
 
 test_expect_success 'setup ' '
-	echo test 1 >one.bin &&
-	echo test number 2 >two.bin &&
+	echo "bin: test 1" >one.bin &&
+	echo "bin: test number 2" >two.bin &&
+	if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS; then
+		ln -s one.bin symlink.bin
+	fi &&
 	git add . &&
 	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=Number1 git commit -a -m First --date="2010-01-01 18:00:00" &&
-	echo test 1 version 2 >one.bin &&
-	echo test number 2 version 2 >>two.bin &&
+	echo "bin: test 1 version 2" >one.bin &&
+	echo "bin: test number 2 version 2" >>two.bin &&
+	if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS; then
+		rm symlink.bin &&
+		ln -s two.bin symlink.bin
+	fi &&
 	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=Number2 git commit -a -m Second --date="2010-01-01 20:00:00"
 '
 
 cat >expected <<EOF
-(Number2 2010-01-01 20:00:00 +0000 1) test 1 version 2
+(Number2 2010-01-01 20:00:00 +0000 1) bin: test 1 version 2
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'no filter specified' '
@@ -66,8 +74,29 @@
 	test_cmp expected result
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'setup +cachetextconv' '
+	git config diff.test.cachetextconv true
+'
+
+cat >expected_one <<EOF
+(Number2 2010-01-01 20:00:00 +0000 1) converted: test 1 version 2
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'blame --textconv works with textconvcache' '
+	git blame --textconv two.bin >blame &&
+	find_blame <blame >result &&
+	test_cmp expected result &&
+	git blame --textconv one.bin >blame &&
+	find_blame  <blame >result &&
+	test_cmp expected_one result
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup -cachetextconv' '
+	git config diff.test.cachetextconv false
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'make a new commit' '
-	echo "test number 2 version 3" >>two.bin &&
+	echo "bin: test number 2 version 3" >>two.bin &&
 	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=Number3 git commit -a -m Third --date="2010-01-01 22:00:00"
 '
 
@@ -77,4 +106,45 @@
 	test_cmp expected result
 '
 
+cat >expected <<EOF
+(Number2 2010-01-01 20:00:00 +0000 1) two.bin
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'blame with --no-textconv (on symlink)' '
+	git blame --no-textconv symlink.bin >blame &&
+	find_blame <blame >result &&
+	test_cmp expected result
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'blame --textconv (on symlink)' '
+	git blame --textconv symlink.bin >blame &&
+	find_blame <blame >result &&
+	test_cmp expected result
+'
+
+# cp two.bin three.bin  and make small tweak
+# (this will direct blame -C -C three.bin to consider two.bin and symlink.bin)
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'make another new commit' '
+	cat >three.bin <<\EOF &&
+bin: test number 2
+bin: test number 2 version 2
+bin: test number 2 version 3
+bin: test number 3
+EOF
+	git add three.bin &&
+	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=Number4 git commit -a -m Fourth --date="2010-01-01 23:00:00"
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'blame on last commit (-C -C, symlink)' '
+	git blame -C -C three.bin >blame &&
+	find_blame <blame >result &&
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+(Number1 2010-01-01 18:00:00 +0000 1) converted: test number 2
+(Number2 2010-01-01 20:00:00 +0000 2) converted: test number 2 version 2
+(Number3 2010-01-01 22:00:00 +0000 3) converted: test number 2 version 3
+(Number4 2010-01-01 23:00:00 +0000 4) converted: test number 3
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected result
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t8007-cat-file-textconv.sh b/t/t8007-cat-file-textconv.sh
index 38ac05e..78a0085 100755
--- a/t/t8007-cat-file-textconv.sh
+++ b/t/t8007-cat-file-textconv.sh
@@ -5,15 +5,19 @@
 
 cat >helper <<'EOF'
 #!/bin/sh
-sed 's/^/converted: /' "$@"
+grep -q '^bin: ' "$1" || { echo "E: $1 is not \"binary\" file" 1>&2; exit 1; }
+sed 's/^bin: /converted: /' "$1"
 EOF
 chmod +x helper
 
 test_expect_success 'setup ' '
-	echo test >one.bin &&
+	echo "bin: test" >one.bin &&
+	if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS; then
+		ln -s one.bin symlink.bin
+	fi &&
 	git add . &&
 	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=Number1 git commit -a -m First --date="2010-01-01 18:00:00" &&
-	echo test version 2 >one.bin &&
+	echo "bin: test version 2" >one.bin &&
 	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=Number2 git commit -a -m Second --date="2010-01-01 20:00:00"
 '
 
@@ -33,7 +37,7 @@
 '
 
 cat >expected <<EOF
-test version 2
+bin: test version 2
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'cat-file without --textconv' '
@@ -42,7 +46,7 @@
 '
 
 cat >expected <<EOF
-test
+bin: test
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'cat-file without --textconv on previous commit' '
@@ -67,4 +71,28 @@
 	git cat-file --textconv HEAD^:one.bin >result &&
 	test_cmp expected result
 '
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'cat-file without --textconv (symlink)' '
+	git cat-file blob :symlink.bin >result &&
+	printf "%s" "one.bin" >expected
+	test_cmp expected result
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'cat-file --textconv on index (symlink)' '
+	! git cat-file --textconv :symlink.bin 2>result &&
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+fatal: git cat-file --textconv: unable to run textconv on :symlink.bin
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected result
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'cat-file --textconv on HEAD (symlink)' '
+	! git cat-file --textconv HEAD:symlink.bin 2>result &&
+	cat >expected <<EOF &&
+fatal: git cat-file --textconv: unable to run textconv on HEAD:symlink.bin
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected result
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9001-send-email.sh b/t/t9001-send-email.sh
index d1ba252..579ddb7 100755
--- a/t/t9001-send-email.sh
+++ b/t/t9001-send-email.sh
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@
 		--to=nobody@example.com \
 		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
 		$patches &&
-	sed "1,/^\$/d" < msgtxt1 > msgbody1
+	sed "1,/^\$/d" < msgtxt1 > msgbody1 &&
 	grep "From: A <author@example.com>" msgbody1
 '
 
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@
 		--to=nobody@example.com \
 		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
 		$patches &&
-	sed "1,/^\$/d" < msgtxt1 > msgbody1
+	sed "1,/^\$/d" < msgtxt1 > msgbody1 &&
 	! grep "From: A <author@example.com>" msgbody1
 '
 
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@
 		--in-reply-to=" " \
 		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
 		$patches \
-		2>errors
+		2>errors &&
 	! grep "^In-Reply-To: < *>" msgtxt1
 '
 
@@ -313,6 +313,49 @@
 	! grep "^In-Reply-To: < *>" msgtxt1
 '
 
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'In-Reply-To without --chain-reply-to' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	echo "<unique-message-id@example.com>" >expect &&
+	git send-email \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--nochain-reply-to \
+		--in-reply-to="$(cat expect)" \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		$patches $patches $patches \
+		2>errors &&
+	# The first message is a reply to --in-reply-to
+	sed -n -e "s/^In-Reply-To: *\(.*\)/\1/p" msgtxt1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	# Second and subsequent messages are replies to the first one
+	sed -n -e "s/^Message-Id: *\(.*\)/\1/p" msgtxt1 >expect &&
+	sed -n -e "s/^In-Reply-To: *\(.*\)/\1/p" msgtxt2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	sed -n -e "s/^In-Reply-To: *\(.*\)/\1/p" msgtxt3 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'In-Reply-To with --chain-reply-to' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	echo "<unique-message-id@example.com>" >expect &&
+	git send-email \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--chain-reply-to \
+		--in-reply-to="$(cat expect)" \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		$patches $patches $patches \
+		2>errors &&
+	sed -n -e "s/^In-Reply-To: *\(.*\)/\1/p" msgtxt1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	sed -n -e "s/^Message-Id: *\(.*\)/\1/p" msgtxt1 >expect &&
+	sed -n -e "s/^In-Reply-To: *\(.*\)/\1/p" msgtxt2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	sed -n -e "s/^Message-Id: *\(.*\)/\1/p" msgtxt2 >expect &&
+	sed -n -e "s/^In-Reply-To: *\(.*\)/\1/p" msgtxt3 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'setup fake editor' '
 	(echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" &&
 	 echo "echo fake edit >>\"\$1\""
@@ -574,7 +617,7 @@
 "
 
 test_expect_success $PREREQ '--suppress-cc=sob' '
-	git config --unset sendemail.cccmd
+	test_might_fail git config --unset sendemail.cccmd &&
 	test_suppression sob
 '
 
@@ -1092,7 +1135,7 @@
 # Note that the patches in this test are deliberately out of order; we
 # want to make sure it works even if the cover-letter is not in the
 # first mail.
-test_expect_success 'refusing to send cover letter template' '
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'refusing to send cover letter template' '
 	clean_fake_sendmail &&
 	rm -fr outdir &&
 	git format-patch --cover-letter -2 -o outdir &&
@@ -1108,7 +1151,7 @@
 	test -z "$(ls msgtxt*)"
 '
 
-test_expect_success '--force sends cover letter template anyway' '
+test_expect_success $PREREQ '--force sends cover letter template anyway' '
 	clean_fake_sendmail &&
 	rm -fr outdir &&
 	git format-patch --cover-letter -2 -o outdir &&
diff --git a/t/t9010-svn-fe.sh b/t/t9010-svn-fe.sh
index a713dfc..6f6175a 100755
--- a/t/t9010-svn-fe.sh
+++ b/t/t9010-svn-fe.sh
@@ -2,31 +2,862 @@
 
 test_description='check svn dumpfile importer'
 
-. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+. ./test-lib.sh
 
-test_dump() {
-	label=$1
-	dump=$2
-	test_expect_success "$dump" '
-		svnadmin create "$label-svn" &&
-		svnadmin load "$label-svn" < "$TEST_DIRECTORY/$dump" &&
-		svn_cmd export "file://$PWD/$label-svn" "$label-svnco" &&
-		git init "$label-git" &&
-		test-svn-fe "$TEST_DIRECTORY/$dump" >"$label.fe" &&
-		(
-			cd "$label-git" &&
-			git fast-import < ../"$label.fe"
-		) &&
-		(
-			cd "$label-svnco" &&
-			git init &&
-			git add . &&
-			git fetch "../$label-git" master &&
-			git diff --exit-code FETCH_HEAD
-		)
-	'
+reinit_git () {
+	rm -fr .git &&
+	git init
 }
 
-test_dump simple t9135/svn.dump
+properties () {
+	while test "$#" -ne 0
+	do
+		property="$1" &&
+		value="$2" &&
+		printf "%s\n" "K ${#property}" &&
+		printf "%s\n" "$property" &&
+		printf "%s\n" "V ${#value}" &&
+		printf "%s\n" "$value" &&
+		shift 2 ||
+		return 1
+	done
+}
+
+text_no_props () {
+	text="$1
+" &&
+	printf "%s\n" "Prop-content-length: 10" &&
+	printf "%s\n" "Text-content-length: ${#text}" &&
+	printf "%s\n" "Content-length: $((${#text} + 10))" &&
+	printf "%s\n" "" "PROPS-END" &&
+	printf "%s\n" "$text"
+}
+
+>empty
+
+test_expect_success 'empty dump' '
+	reinit_git &&
+	echo "SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 2" >input &&
+	test-svn-fe input >stream &&
+	git fast-import <stream
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'v4 dumps not supported' '
+	reinit_git &&
+	echo "SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 4" >v4.dump &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe v4.dump >stream &&
+	test_cmp empty stream
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'empty revision' '
+	reinit_git &&
+	printf "rev <nobody, nobody@local>: %s\n" "" "" >expect &&
+	cat >emptyrev.dump <<-\EOF &&
+	SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3
+
+	Revision-number: 1
+	Prop-content-length: 0
+	Content-length: 0
+
+	Revision-number: 2
+	Prop-content-length: 0
+	Content-length: 0
+
+	EOF
+	test-svn-fe emptyrev.dump >stream &&
+	git fast-import <stream &&
+	git log -p --format="rev <%an, %ae>: %s" HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'empty properties' '
+	reinit_git &&
+	printf "rev <nobody, nobody@local>: %s\n" "" "" >expect &&
+	cat >emptyprop.dump <<-\EOF &&
+	SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3
+
+	Revision-number: 1
+	Prop-content-length: 10
+	Content-length: 10
+
+	PROPS-END
+
+	Revision-number: 2
+	Prop-content-length: 10
+	Content-length: 10
+
+	PROPS-END
+	EOF
+	test-svn-fe emptyprop.dump >stream &&
+	git fast-import <stream &&
+	git log -p --format="rev <%an, %ae>: %s" HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'author name and commit message' '
+	reinit_git &&
+	echo "<author@example.com, author@example.com@local>" >expect.author &&
+	cat >message <<-\EOF &&
+	A concise summary of the change
+
+	A detailed description of the change, why it is needed, what
+	was broken and why applying this is the best course of action.
+
+	* file.c
+	    Details pertaining to an individual file.
+	EOF
+	{
+		properties \
+			svn:author author@example.com \
+			svn:log "$(cat message)" &&
+		echo PROPS-END
+	} >props &&
+	{
+		echo "SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3" &&
+		echo &&
+		echo "Revision-number: 1" &&
+		echo Prop-content-length: $(wc -c <props) &&
+		echo Content-length: $(wc -c <props) &&
+		echo &&
+		cat props
+	} >log.dump &&
+	test-svn-fe log.dump >stream &&
+	git fast-import <stream &&
+	git log -p --format="%B" HEAD >actual.log &&
+	git log --format="<%an, %ae>" >actual.author &&
+	test_cmp message actual.log &&
+	test_cmp expect.author actual.author
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'unsupported properties are ignored' '
+	reinit_git &&
+	echo author >expect &&
+	cat >extraprop.dump <<-\EOF &&
+	SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3
+
+	Revision-number: 1
+	Prop-content-length: 56
+	Content-length: 56
+
+	K 8
+	nonsense
+	V 1
+	y
+	K 10
+	svn:author
+	V 6
+	author
+	PROPS-END
+	EOF
+	test-svn-fe extraprop.dump >stream &&
+	git fast-import <stream &&
+	git log -p --format=%an HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'timestamp and empty file' '
+	echo author@example.com >expect.author &&
+	echo 1999-01-01 >expect.date &&
+	echo file >expect.files &&
+	reinit_git &&
+	{
+		properties \
+			svn:author author@example.com \
+			svn:date "1999-01-01T00:01:002.000000Z" \
+			svn:log "add empty file" &&
+		echo PROPS-END
+	} >props &&
+	{
+		cat <<-EOF &&
+		SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3
+
+		Revision-number: 1
+		EOF
+		echo Prop-content-length: $(wc -c <props) &&
+		echo Content-length: $(wc -c <props) &&
+		echo &&
+		cat props &&
+		cat <<-\EOF
+
+		Node-path: empty-file
+		Node-kind: file
+		Node-action: add
+		Content-length: 0
+
+		EOF
+	} >emptyfile.dump &&
+	test-svn-fe emptyfile.dump >stream &&
+	git fast-import <stream &&
+	git log --format=%an HEAD >actual.author &&
+	git log --date=short --format=%ad HEAD >actual.date &&
+	git ls-tree -r --name-only HEAD >actual.files &&
+	test_cmp expect.author actual.author &&
+	test_cmp expect.date actual.date &&
+	test_cmp expect.files actual.files &&
+	git checkout HEAD empty-file &&
+	test_cmp empty file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'directory with files' '
+	reinit_git &&
+	printf "%s\n" directory/file1 directory/file2 >expect.files &&
+	echo hi >hi &&
+	echo hello >hello &&
+	{
+		properties \
+			svn:author author@example.com \
+			svn:date "1999-02-01T00:01:002.000000Z" \
+			svn:log "add directory with some files in it" &&
+		echo PROPS-END
+	} >props &&
+	{
+		cat <<-EOF &&
+		SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3
+
+		Revision-number: 1
+		EOF
+		echo Prop-content-length: $(wc -c <props) &&
+		echo Content-length: $(wc -c <props) &&
+		echo &&
+		cat props &&
+		cat <<-\EOF &&
+
+		Node-path: directory
+		Node-kind: dir
+		Node-action: add
+		Prop-content-length: 10
+		Content-length: 10
+
+		PROPS-END
+
+		Node-path: directory/file1
+		Node-kind: file
+		Node-action: add
+		EOF
+		text_no_props hello &&
+		cat <<-\EOF &&
+		Node-path: directory/file2
+		Node-kind: file
+		Node-action: add
+		EOF
+		text_no_props hi
+	} >directory.dump &&
+	test-svn-fe directory.dump >stream &&
+	git fast-import <stream &&
+
+	git ls-tree -r --name-only HEAD >actual.files &&
+	git checkout HEAD directory &&
+	test_cmp expect.files actual.files &&
+	test_cmp hello directory/file1 &&
+	test_cmp hi directory/file2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'node without action' '
+	cat >inaction.dump <<-\EOF &&
+	SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3
+
+	Revision-number: 1
+	Prop-content-length: 10
+	Content-length: 10
+
+	PROPS-END
+
+	Node-path: directory
+	Node-kind: dir
+	Prop-content-length: 10
+	Content-length: 10
+
+	PROPS-END
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe inaction.dump
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'action: add node without text' '
+	cat >textless.dump <<-\EOF &&
+	SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3
+
+	Revision-number: 1
+	Prop-content-length: 10
+	Content-length: 10
+
+	PROPS-END
+
+	Node-path: textless
+	Node-kind: file
+	Node-action: add
+	Prop-content-length: 10
+	Content-length: 10
+
+	PROPS-END
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe textless.dump
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'change file mode but keep old content' '
+	reinit_git &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	OBJID
+	:120000 100644 OBJID OBJID T	greeting
+	OBJID
+	:100644 120000 OBJID OBJID T	greeting
+	OBJID
+	:000000 100644 OBJID OBJID A	greeting
+	EOF
+	echo "link hello" >expect.blob &&
+	echo hello >hello &&
+	cat >filemode.dump <<-\EOF &&
+	SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3
+
+	Revision-number: 1
+	Prop-content-length: 10
+	Content-length: 10
+
+	PROPS-END
+
+	Node-path: greeting
+	Node-kind: file
+	Node-action: add
+	Prop-content-length: 10
+	Text-content-length: 11
+	Content-length: 21
+
+	PROPS-END
+	link hello
+
+	Revision-number: 2
+	Prop-content-length: 10
+	Content-length: 10
+
+	PROPS-END
+
+	Node-path: greeting
+	Node-kind: file
+	Node-action: change
+	Prop-content-length: 33
+	Content-length: 33
+
+	K 11
+	svn:special
+	V 1
+	*
+	PROPS-END
+
+	Revision-number: 3
+	Prop-content-length: 10
+	Content-length: 10
+
+	PROPS-END
+
+	Node-path: greeting
+	Node-kind: file
+	Node-action: change
+	Prop-content-length: 10
+	Content-length: 10
+
+	PROPS-END
+	EOF
+	test-svn-fe filemode.dump >stream &&
+	git fast-import <stream &&
+	{
+		git rev-list HEAD |
+		git diff-tree --root --stdin |
+		sed "s/$_x40/OBJID/g"
+	} >actual &&
+	git show HEAD:greeting >actual.blob &&
+	git show HEAD^:greeting >actual.target &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.blob actual.blob &&
+	test_cmp hello actual.target
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'NUL in property value' '
+	reinit_git &&
+	echo "commit message" >expect.message &&
+	{
+		properties \
+			unimportant "something with a NUL (Q)" \
+			svn:log "commit message"&&
+		echo PROPS-END
+	} |
+	q_to_nul >props &&
+	{
+		cat <<-\EOF &&
+		SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3
+
+		Revision-number: 1
+		EOF
+		echo Prop-content-length: $(wc -c <props) &&
+		echo Content-length: $(wc -c <props) &&
+		echo &&
+		cat props
+	} >nulprop.dump &&
+	test-svn-fe nulprop.dump >stream &&
+	git fast-import <stream &&
+	git diff-tree --always -s --format=%s HEAD >actual.message &&
+	test_cmp expect.message actual.message
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'NUL in log message, file content, and property name' '
+	# Caveat: svnadmin 1.6.16 (r1073529) truncates at \0 in the
+	# svn:specialQnotreally example.
+	reinit_git &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	OBJID
+	:100644 100644 OBJID OBJID M	greeting
+	OBJID
+	:000000 100644 OBJID OBJID A	greeting
+	EOF
+	printf "\n%s\n" "something with an ASCII NUL (Q)" >expect.message &&
+	printf "%s\n" "helQo" >expect.hello1 &&
+	printf "%s\n" "link hello" >expect.hello2 &&
+	{
+		properties svn:log "something with an ASCII NUL (Q)" &&
+		echo PROPS-END
+	} |
+	q_to_nul >props &&
+	{
+		q_to_nul <<-\EOF &&
+		SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3
+
+		Revision-number: 1
+		Prop-content-length: 10
+		Content-length: 10
+
+		PROPS-END
+
+		Node-path: greeting
+		Node-kind: file
+		Node-action: add
+		Prop-content-length: 10
+		Text-content-length: 6
+		Content-length: 16
+
+		PROPS-END
+		helQo
+
+		Revision-number: 2
+		EOF
+		echo Prop-content-length: $(wc -c <props) &&
+		echo Content-length: $(wc -c <props) &&
+		echo &&
+		cat props &&
+		q_to_nul <<-\EOF
+
+		Node-path: greeting
+		Node-kind: file
+		Node-action: change
+		Prop-content-length: 43
+		Text-content-length: 11
+		Content-length: 54
+
+		K 21
+		svn:specialQnotreally
+		V 1
+		*
+		PROPS-END
+		link hello
+		EOF
+	} >8bitclean.dump &&
+	test-svn-fe 8bitclean.dump >stream &&
+	git fast-import <stream &&
+	{
+		git rev-list HEAD |
+		git diff-tree --root --stdin |
+		sed "s/$_x40/OBJID/g"
+	} >actual &&
+	{
+		git cat-file commit HEAD | nul_to_q &&
+		echo
+	} |
+	sed -ne "/^\$/,\$ p" >actual.message &&
+	git cat-file blob HEAD^:greeting | nul_to_q >actual.hello1 &&
+	git cat-file blob HEAD:greeting | nul_to_q >actual.hello2 &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.message actual.message &&
+	test_cmp expect.hello1 actual.hello1 &&
+	test_cmp expect.hello2 actual.hello2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'change file mode and reiterate content' '
+	reinit_git &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	OBJID
+	:120000 100644 OBJID OBJID T	greeting
+	OBJID
+	:100644 120000 OBJID OBJID T	greeting
+	OBJID
+	:000000 100644 OBJID OBJID A	greeting
+	EOF
+	echo "link hello" >expect.blob &&
+	echo hello >hello &&
+	cat >filemode.dump <<-\EOF &&
+	SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3
+
+	Revision-number: 1
+	Prop-content-length: 10
+	Content-length: 10
+
+	PROPS-END
+
+	Node-path: greeting
+	Node-kind: file
+	Node-action: add
+	Prop-content-length: 10
+	Text-content-length: 11
+	Content-length: 21
+
+	PROPS-END
+	link hello
+
+	Revision-number: 2
+	Prop-content-length: 10
+	Content-length: 10
+
+	PROPS-END
+
+	Node-path: greeting
+	Node-kind: file
+	Node-action: change
+	Prop-content-length: 33
+	Text-content-length: 11
+	Content-length: 44
+
+	K 11
+	svn:special
+	V 1
+	*
+	PROPS-END
+	link hello
+
+	Revision-number: 3
+	Prop-content-length: 10
+	Content-length: 10
+
+	PROPS-END
+
+	Node-path: greeting
+	Node-kind: file
+	Node-action: change
+	Prop-content-length: 10
+	Text-content-length: 11
+	Content-length: 21
+
+	PROPS-END
+	link hello
+	EOF
+	test-svn-fe filemode.dump >stream &&
+	git fast-import <stream &&
+	{
+		git rev-list HEAD |
+		git diff-tree --root --stdin |
+		sed "s/$_x40/OBJID/g"
+	} >actual &&
+	git show HEAD:greeting >actual.blob &&
+	git show HEAD^:greeting >actual.target &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.blob actual.blob &&
+	test_cmp hello actual.target
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'deltas not supported' '
+	{
+		# (old) h + (inline) ello + (old) \n
+		printf "SVNQ%b%b%s" "Q\003\006\005\004" "\001Q\0204\001\002" "ello" |
+		q_to_nul
+	} >delta &&
+	{
+		properties \
+			svn:author author@example.com \
+			svn:date "1999-01-05T00:01:002.000000Z" \
+			svn:log "add greeting" &&
+		echo PROPS-END
+	} >props &&
+	{
+		properties \
+			svn:author author@example.com \
+			svn:date "1999-01-06T00:01:002.000000Z" \
+			svn:log "change it" &&
+		echo PROPS-END
+	} >props2 &&
+	{
+		echo SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3 &&
+		echo &&
+		echo Revision-number: 1 &&
+		echo Prop-content-length: $(wc -c <props) &&
+		echo Content-length: $(wc -c <props) &&
+		echo &&
+		cat props &&
+		cat <<-\EOF &&
+
+		Node-path: hello
+		Node-kind: file
+		Node-action: add
+		Prop-content-length: 10
+		Text-content-length: 3
+		Content-length: 13
+
+		PROPS-END
+		hi
+
+		EOF
+		echo Revision-number: 2 &&
+		echo Prop-content-length: $(wc -c <props2) &&
+		echo Content-length: $(wc -c <props2) &&
+		echo &&
+		cat props2 &&
+		cat <<-\EOF &&
+
+		Node-path: hello
+		Node-kind: file
+		Node-action: change
+		Text-delta: true
+		Prop-content-length: 10
+		EOF
+		echo Text-content-length: $(wc -c <delta) &&
+		echo Content-length: $((10 + $(wc -c <delta))) &&
+		echo &&
+		echo PROPS-END &&
+		cat delta
+	} >delta.dump &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe delta.dump
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'property deltas supported' '
+	reinit_git &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	OBJID
+	:100755 100644 OBJID OBJID M	script.sh
+	EOF
+	{
+		properties \
+			svn:author author@example.com \
+			svn:date "1999-03-06T00:01:002.000000Z" \
+			svn:log "make an executable, or chmod -x it" &&
+		echo PROPS-END
+	} >revprops &&
+	{
+		echo SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3 &&
+		echo &&
+		echo Revision-number: 1 &&
+		echo Prop-content-length: $(wc -c <revprops) &&
+		echo Content-length: $(wc -c <revprops) &&
+		echo &&
+		cat revprops &&
+		echo &&
+		cat <<-\EOF &&
+		Node-path: script.sh
+		Node-kind: file
+		Node-action: add
+		Text-content-length: 0
+		Prop-content-length: 39
+		Content-length: 39
+
+		K 14
+		svn:executable
+		V 4
+		true
+		PROPS-END
+
+		EOF
+		echo Revision-number: 2 &&
+		echo Prop-content-length: $(wc -c <revprops) &&
+		echo Content-length: $(wc -c <revprops) &&
+		echo &&
+		cat revprops &&
+		echo &&
+		cat <<-\EOF
+		Node-path: script.sh
+		Node-kind: file
+		Node-action: change
+		Prop-delta: true
+		Prop-content-length: 30
+		Content-length: 30
+
+		D 14
+		svn:executable
+		PROPS-END
+		EOF
+	} >propdelta.dump &&
+	test-svn-fe propdelta.dump >stream &&
+	git fast-import <stream &&
+	{
+		git rev-list HEAD |
+		git diff-tree --stdin |
+		sed "s/$_x40/OBJID/g"
+	} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'properties on /' '
+	reinit_git &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >expect &&
+	OBJID
+	OBJID
+	:000000 100644 OBJID OBJID A	greeting
+	EOF
+	sed -e "s/X$//" <<-\EOF >changeroot.dump &&
+	SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3
+
+	Revision-number: 1
+	Prop-content-length: 10
+	Content-length: 10
+
+	PROPS-END
+
+	Node-path: greeting
+	Node-kind: file
+	Node-action: add
+	Text-content-length: 0
+	Prop-content-length: 10
+	Content-length: 10
+
+	PROPS-END
+
+	Revision-number: 2
+	Prop-content-length: 10
+	Content-length: 10
+
+	PROPS-END
+
+	Node-path: X
+	Node-kind: dir
+	Node-action: change
+	Prop-delta: true
+	Prop-content-length: 43
+	Content-length: 43
+
+	K 10
+	svn:ignore
+	V 11
+	build-area
+
+	PROPS-END
+	EOF
+	test-svn-fe changeroot.dump >stream &&
+	git fast-import <stream &&
+	{
+		git rev-list HEAD |
+		git diff-tree --root --always --stdin |
+		sed "s/$_x40/OBJID/g"
+	} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'deltas for typechange' '
+	reinit_git &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	OBJID
+	:120000 100644 OBJID OBJID T	test-file
+	OBJID
+	:100755 120000 OBJID OBJID T	test-file
+	OBJID
+	:000000 100755 OBJID OBJID A	test-file
+	EOF
+	cat >deleteprop.dump <<-\EOF &&
+	SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3
+
+	Revision-number: 1
+	Prop-content-length: 10
+	Content-length: 10
+
+	PROPS-END
+
+	Node-path: test-file
+	Node-kind: file
+	Node-action: add
+	Prop-delta: true
+	Prop-content-length: 35
+	Text-content-length: 17
+	Content-length: 52
+
+	K 14
+	svn:executable
+	V 0
+
+	PROPS-END
+	link testing 123
+
+	Revision-number: 2
+	Prop-content-length: 10
+	Content-length: 10
+
+	PROPS-END
+
+	Node-path: test-file
+	Node-kind: file
+	Node-action: change
+	Prop-delta: true
+	Prop-content-length: 53
+	Text-content-length: 17
+	Content-length: 70
+
+	K 11
+	svn:special
+	V 1
+	*
+	D 14
+	svn:executable
+	PROPS-END
+	link testing 231
+
+	Revision-number: 3
+	Prop-content-length: 10
+	Content-length: 10
+
+	PROPS-END
+
+	Node-path: test-file
+	Node-kind: file
+	Node-action: change
+	Prop-delta: true
+	Prop-content-length: 27
+	Text-content-length: 17
+	Content-length: 44
+
+	D 11
+	svn:special
+	PROPS-END
+	link testing 321
+	EOF
+	test-svn-fe deleteprop.dump >stream &&
+	git fast-import <stream &&
+	{
+		git rev-list HEAD |
+		git diff-tree --root --stdin |
+		sed "s/$_x40/OBJID/g"
+	} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'set up svn repo' '
+	svnconf=$PWD/svnconf &&
+	mkdir -p "$svnconf" &&
+
+	if
+		svnadmin -h >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+		svnadmin create simple-svn &&
+		svnadmin load simple-svn <"$TEST_DIRECTORY/t9135/svn.dump" &&
+		svn export --config-dir "$svnconf" "file://$PWD/simple-svn" simple-svnco
+	then
+		test_set_prereq SVNREPO
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success SVNREPO 't9135/svn.dump' '
+	git init simple-git &&
+	test-svn-fe "$TEST_DIRECTORY/t9135/svn.dump" >simple.fe &&
+	(
+		cd simple-git &&
+		git fast-import <../simple.fe
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd simple-svnco &&
+		git init &&
+		git add . &&
+		git fetch ../simple-git master &&
+		git diff --exit-code FETCH_HEAD
+	)
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9104-git-svn-follow-parent.sh b/t/t9104-git-svn-follow-parent.sh
index f7f3c5a..13b179e 100755
--- a/t/t9104-git-svn-follow-parent.sh
+++ b/t/t9104-git-svn-follow-parent.sh
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@
 	git svn init --minimize-url -i stunk "$svnrepo"/stunk &&
 	git svn fetch -i stunk &&
 	git svn init --minimize-url -i flunked "$svnrepo"/flunked &&
-	git svn fetch -i flunked
+	git svn fetch -i flunked &&
 	test "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/flunk@18`" \
 	   = "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/stunk`" &&
 	test "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/flunk~1`" \
diff --git a/t/t9116-git-svn-log.sh b/t/t9116-git-svn-log.sh
index 5d477e4..cf4c052 100755
--- a/t/t9116-git-svn-log.sh
+++ b/t/t9116-git-svn-log.sh
@@ -60,6 +60,21 @@
 	git svn log -r 1:4 | grep '^r[0-9]' | cut -d'|' -f1 | test_cmp expected-range-r1-r2-r4 -
 	"
 
+test_expect_success 'test ascending revision range with --show-commit' "
+	git reset --hard trunk &&
+	git svn log --show-commit -r 1:4 | grep '^r[0-9]' | cut -d'|' -f1 | test_cmp expected-range-r1-r2-r4 -
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'test ascending revision range with --show-commit (sha1)' "
+	git svn find-rev r1 >expected-range-r1-r2-r4-sha1 &&
+	git svn find-rev r2 >>expected-range-r1-r2-r4-sha1 &&
+	git svn find-rev r4 >>expected-range-r1-r2-r4-sha1 &&
+	git reset --hard trunk &&
+	git svn log --show-commit -r 1:4 | grep '^r[0-9]' | cut -d'|' -f2 >out &&
+	git rev-parse \$(cat out) >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected-range-r1-r2-r4-sha1 actual
+	"
+
 printf 'r4 \nr2 \nr1 \n' > expected-range-r4-r2-r1
 
 test_expect_success 'test descending revision range' "
diff --git a/t/t9119-git-svn-info.sh b/t/t9119-git-svn-info.sh
index f3f397c..ff19695 100755
--- a/t/t9119-git-svn-info.sh
+++ b/t/t9119-git-svn-info.sh
@@ -18,21 +18,14 @@
 	;;
 esac
 
-ptouch() {
-	perl -w -e '
-		use strict;
-		use POSIX qw(mktime);
-		die "ptouch requires exactly 2 arguments" if @ARGV != 2;
-		my $text_last_updated = shift @ARGV;
-		my $git_file = shift @ARGV;
-		die "\"$git_file\" does not exist" if ! -e $git_file;
-		if ($text_last_updated
-		    =~ /(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2}) (\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2})/) {
-			my $mtime = mktime($6, $5, $4, $3, $2 - 1, $1 - 1900);
-			my $atime = $mtime;
-			utime $atime, $mtime, $git_file;
-		}
-	' "`svn_cmd info $2 | grep '^Text Last Updated:'`" "$1"
+# On the "Text Last Updated" line, "git svn info" does not return the
+# same value as "svn info" (i.e. the commit timestamp that touched the
+# path most recently); do not expect that field to match.
+test_cmp_info () {
+	sed -e '/^Text Last Updated:/d' "$1" >tmp.expect
+	sed -e '/^Text Last Updated:/d' "$2" >tmp.actual
+	test_cmp tmp.expect tmp.actual &&
+	rm -f tmp.expect tmp.actual
 }
 
 quoted_svnrepo="$(echo $svnrepo | sed 's/ /%20/')"
@@ -62,17 +55,13 @@
 		cd gitwc &&
 		git svn init "$svnrepo" &&
 		git svn fetch
-	) &&
-	ptouch gitwc/file svnwc/file &&
-	ptouch gitwc/directory svnwc/directory &&
-	ptouch gitwc/symlink-file svnwc/symlink-file &&
-	ptouch gitwc/symlink-directory svnwc/symlink-directory
+	)
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'info' "
 	(cd svnwc; svn info) > expected.info &&
 	(cd gitwc; git svn info) > actual.info &&
-	test_cmp expected.info actual.info
+	test_cmp_info expected.info actual.info
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url' '
@@ -82,7 +71,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'info .' "
 	(cd svnwc; svn info .) > expected.info-dot &&
 	(cd gitwc; git svn info .) > actual.info-dot &&
-	test_cmp expected.info-dot actual.info-dot
+	test_cmp_info expected.info-dot actual.info-dot
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url .' '
@@ -92,7 +81,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'info file' "
 	(cd svnwc; svn info file) > expected.info-file &&
 	(cd gitwc; git svn info file) > actual.info-file &&
-	test_cmp expected.info-file actual.info-file
+	test_cmp_info expected.info-file actual.info-file
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url file' '
@@ -102,13 +91,13 @@
 test_expect_success 'info directory' "
 	(cd svnwc; svn info directory) > expected.info-directory &&
 	(cd gitwc; git svn info directory) > actual.info-directory &&
-	test_cmp expected.info-directory actual.info-directory
+	test_cmp_info expected.info-directory actual.info-directory
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info inside directory' "
 	(cd svnwc/directory; svn info) > expected.info-inside-directory &&
 	(cd gitwc/directory; git svn info) > actual.info-inside-directory &&
-	test_cmp expected.info-inside-directory actual.info-inside-directory
+	test_cmp_info expected.info-inside-directory actual.info-inside-directory
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url directory' '
@@ -118,7 +107,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'info symlink-file' "
 	(cd svnwc; svn info symlink-file) > expected.info-symlink-file &&
 	(cd gitwc; git svn info symlink-file) > actual.info-symlink-file &&
-	test_cmp expected.info-symlink-file actual.info-symlink-file
+	test_cmp_info expected.info-symlink-file actual.info-symlink-file
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url symlink-file' '
@@ -131,7 +120,7 @@
 		> expected.info-symlink-directory &&
 	(cd gitwc; git svn info symlink-directory) \
 		> actual.info-symlink-directory &&
-	test_cmp expected.info-symlink-directory actual.info-symlink-directory
+	test_cmp_info expected.info-symlink-directory actual.info-symlink-directory
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url symlink-directory' '
@@ -146,14 +135,13 @@
 		git add added-file
 	) &&
 	cp gitwc/added-file svnwc/added-file &&
-	ptouch gitwc/added-file svnwc/added-file &&
 	(
 		cd svnwc &&
 		svn_cmd add added-file > /dev/null
 	) &&
 	(cd svnwc; svn info added-file) > expected.info-added-file &&
 	(cd gitwc; git svn info added-file) > actual.info-added-file &&
-	test_cmp expected.info-added-file actual.info-added-file
+	test_cmp_info expected.info-added-file actual.info-added-file
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url added-file' '
@@ -163,7 +151,6 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'info added-directory' "
 	mkdir gitwc/added-directory svnwc/added-directory &&
-	ptouch gitwc/added-directory svnwc/added-directory &&
 	touch gitwc/added-directory/.placeholder &&
 	(
 		cd svnwc &&
@@ -177,7 +164,7 @@
 		> expected.info-added-directory &&
 	(cd gitwc; git svn info added-directory) \
 		> actual.info-added-directory &&
-	test_cmp expected.info-added-directory actual.info-added-directory
+	test_cmp_info expected.info-added-directory actual.info-added-directory
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url added-directory' '
@@ -196,13 +183,12 @@
 		ln -s added-file added-symlink-file &&
 		svn_cmd add added-symlink-file > /dev/null
 	) &&
-	ptouch gitwc/added-symlink-file svnwc/added-symlink-file &&
 	(cd svnwc; svn info added-symlink-file) \
 		> expected.info-added-symlink-file &&
 	(cd gitwc; git svn info added-symlink-file) \
 		> actual.info-added-symlink-file &&
-	test_cmp expected.info-added-symlink-file \
-		 actual.info-added-symlink-file
+	test_cmp_info expected.info-added-symlink-file \
+		actual.info-added-symlink-file
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url added-symlink-file' '
@@ -221,13 +207,12 @@
 		ln -s added-directory added-symlink-directory &&
 		svn_cmd add added-symlink-directory > /dev/null
 	) &&
-	ptouch gitwc/added-symlink-directory svnwc/added-symlink-directory &&
 	(cd svnwc; svn info added-symlink-directory) \
 		> expected.info-added-symlink-directory &&
 	(cd gitwc; git svn info added-symlink-directory) \
 		> actual.info-added-symlink-directory &&
-	test_cmp expected.info-added-symlink-directory \
-		 actual.info-added-symlink-directory
+	test_cmp_info expected.info-added-symlink-directory \
+		actual.info-added-symlink-directory
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url added-symlink-directory' '
@@ -235,11 +220,6 @@
 	     = "$quoted_svnrepo/added-symlink-directory"
 	'
 
-# The next few tests replace the "Text Last Updated" value with a
-# placeholder since git doesn't have a way to know the date that a
-# now-deleted file was last checked out locally.  Internally it
-# simply reuses the Last Changed Date.
-
 test_expect_success 'info deleted-file' "
 	(
 		cd gitwc &&
@@ -249,13 +229,9 @@
 		cd svnwc &&
 		svn_cmd rm --force file > /dev/null
 	) &&
-	(cd svnwc; svn info file) |
-	sed -e 's/^\(Text Last Updated:\).*/\1 TEXT-LAST-UPDATED-STRING/' \
-		> expected.info-deleted-file &&
-	(cd gitwc; git svn info file) |
-	sed -e 's/^\(Text Last Updated:\).*/\1 TEXT-LAST-UPDATED-STRING/' \
-		> actual.info-deleted-file &&
-	test_cmp expected.info-deleted-file actual.info-deleted-file
+	(cd svnwc; svn info file) >expected.info-deleted-file &&
+	(cd gitwc; git svn info file) >actual.info-deleted-file &&
+	test_cmp_info expected.info-deleted-file actual.info-deleted-file
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url file (deleted)' '
@@ -272,13 +248,9 @@
 		cd svnwc &&
 		svn_cmd rm --force directory > /dev/null
 	) &&
-	(cd svnwc; svn info directory) |
-	sed -e 's/^\(Text Last Updated:\).*/\1 TEXT-LAST-UPDATED-STRING/' \
-		> expected.info-deleted-directory &&
-	(cd gitwc; git svn info directory) |
-	sed -e 's/^\(Text Last Updated:\).*/\1 TEXT-LAST-UPDATED-STRING/' \
-		> actual.info-deleted-directory &&
-	test_cmp expected.info-deleted-directory actual.info-deleted-directory
+	(cd svnwc; svn info directory) >expected.info-deleted-directory &&
+	(cd gitwc; git svn info directory) >actual.info-deleted-directory &&
+	test_cmp_info expected.info-deleted-directory actual.info-deleted-directory
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url directory (deleted)' '
@@ -295,14 +267,9 @@
 		cd svnwc &&
 		svn_cmd rm --force symlink-file > /dev/null
 	) &&
-	(cd svnwc; svn info symlink-file) |
-	sed -e 's/^\(Text Last Updated:\).*/\1 TEXT-LAST-UPDATED-STRING/' \
-		> expected.info-deleted-symlink-file &&
-	(cd gitwc; git svn info symlink-file) |
-	sed -e 's/^\(Text Last Updated:\).*/\1 TEXT-LAST-UPDATED-STRING/' \
-		> actual.info-deleted-symlink-file &&
-	test_cmp expected.info-deleted-symlink-file \
-		 actual.info-deleted-symlink-file
+	(cd svnwc; svn info symlink-file) >expected.info-deleted-symlink-file &&
+	(cd gitwc; git svn info symlink-file) >actual.info-deleted-symlink-file &&
+	test_cmp_info expected.info-deleted-symlink-file actual.info-deleted-symlink-file
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url symlink-file (deleted)' '
@@ -319,14 +286,9 @@
 		cd svnwc &&
 		svn_cmd rm --force symlink-directory > /dev/null
 	) &&
-	(cd svnwc; svn info symlink-directory) |
-	sed -e 's/^\(Text Last Updated:\).*/\1 TEXT-LAST-UPDATED-STRING/' \
-		 > expected.info-deleted-symlink-directory &&
-	(cd gitwc; git svn info symlink-directory) |
-	sed -e 's/^\(Text Last Updated:\).*/\1 TEXT-LAST-UPDATED-STRING/' \
-		 > actual.info-deleted-symlink-directory &&
-	test_cmp expected.info-deleted-symlink-directory \
-		 actual.info-deleted-symlink-directory
+	(cd svnwc; svn info symlink-directory) >expected.info-deleted-symlink-directory &&
+	(cd gitwc; git svn info symlink-directory) >actual.info-deleted-symlink-directory &&
+	test_cmp_info expected.info-deleted-symlink-directory actual.info-deleted-symlink-directory
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url symlink-directory (deleted)' '
diff --git a/t/t9123-git-svn-rebuild-with-rewriteroot.sh b/t/t9123-git-svn-rebuild-with-rewriteroot.sh
index 0ed90d9..fd81847 100755
--- a/t/t9123-git-svn-rebuild-with-rewriteroot.sh
+++ b/t/t9123-git-svn-rebuild-with-rewriteroot.sh
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'init, fetch and checkout repository' '
 	git svn init --rewrite-root=http://invalid.invalid/ "$svnrepo" &&
-	git svn fetch
+	git svn fetch &&
 	git checkout -b mybranch ${remotes_git_svn}
 	'
 
diff --git a/t/t9124-git-svn-dcommit-auto-props.sh b/t/t9124-git-svn-dcommit-auto-props.sh
index d6b076f..aa841e1 100755
--- a/t/t9124-git-svn-dcommit-auto-props.sh
+++ b/t/t9124-git-svn-dcommit-auto-props.sh
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 		svn_cmd import -m "import for git svn" . "$svnrepo"
 	) &&
 	rm -rf import &&
-	git svn init "$svnrepo"
+	git svn init "$svnrepo" &&
 	git svn fetch
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t9130-git-svn-authors-file.sh b/t/t9130-git-svn-authors-file.sh
index ec0a106..b324c49 100755
--- a/t/t9130-git-svn-authors-file.sh
+++ b/t/t9130-git-svn-authors-file.sh
@@ -96,7 +96,6 @@
 		rm -r "$GIT_DIR" &&
 		test x = x"$(git config svn.authorsfile)" &&
 		test_config="$HOME"/.gitconfig &&
-		unset GIT_CONFIG_NOGLOBAL &&
 		unset GIT_DIR &&
 		unset GIT_CONFIG &&
 		git config --global \
diff --git a/t/t9142-git-svn-shallow-clone.sh b/t/t9142-git-svn-shallow-clone.sh
index 1236acc..e21ee5f 100755
--- a/t/t9142-git-svn-shallow-clone.sh
+++ b/t/t9142-git-svn-shallow-clone.sh
@@ -17,11 +17,10 @@
 		> foo &&
 		svn_cmd add foo &&
 		svn_cmd commit -m "add foo"
-	)
+	) &&
+	start_httpd
 '
 
-start_httpd
-
 test_expect_success 'clone trunk with "-r HEAD"' '
 	git svn clone -r HEAD "$svnrepo/trunk" g &&
 	( cd g && git rev-parse --symbolic --verify HEAD )
diff --git a/t/t9143-git-svn-gc.sh b/t/t9143-git-svn-gc.sh
index 337ea59..4594e1a 100755
--- a/t/t9143-git-svn-gc.sh
+++ b/t/t9143-git-svn-gc.sh
@@ -37,13 +37,11 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'git svn index removed' '! test -f .git/svn/refs/remotes/git-svn/index'
 
-if perl -MCompress::Zlib -e 0 2>/dev/null
+if test -r .git/svn/refs/remotes/git-svn/unhandled.log.gz
 then
 	test_expect_success 'git svn gc produces a valid gzip file' '
 		 gunzip .git/svn/refs/remotes/git-svn/unhandled.log.gz
 		'
-else
-	say "# Perl Compress::Zlib unavailable, skipping gunzip test"
 fi
 
 test_expect_success 'git svn gc does not change unhandled.log files' '
diff --git a/t/t9146-git-svn-empty-dirs.sh b/t/t9146-git-svn-empty-dirs.sh
index 565365c..158c8e3 100755
--- a/t/t9146-git-svn-empty-dirs.sh
+++ b/t/t9146-git-svn-empty-dirs.sh
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git svn rebase creates empty directory' '
-	( cd cloned && git svn rebase )
+	( cd cloned && git svn rebase ) &&
 	test -d cloned/"! !"
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t9151-svn-mergeinfo.sh b/t/t9151-svn-mergeinfo.sh
index 250c651..4f6c06e 100755
--- a/t/t9151-svn-mergeinfo.sh
+++ b/t/t9151-svn-mergeinfo.sh
@@ -18,39 +18,39 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'all svn merges became git merge commits' '
 	unmarked=$(git rev-list --parents --all --grep=Merge |
-		grep -v " .* " | cut -f1 -d" ")
+		grep -v " .* " | cut -f1 -d" ") &&
 	[ -z "$unmarked" ]
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'cherry picks did not become git merge commits' '
 	bad_cherries=$(git rev-list --parents --all --grep=Cherry |
-		grep " .* " | cut -f1 -d" ")
+		grep " .* " | cut -f1 -d" ") &&
 	[ -z "$bad_cherries" ]
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'svn non-merge merge commits did not become git merge commits' '
 	bad_non_merges=$(git rev-list --parents --all --grep=non-merge |
-		grep " .* " | cut -f1 -d" ")
+		grep " .* " | cut -f1 -d" ") &&
 	[ -z "$bad_non_merges" ]
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'commit made to merged branch is reachable from the merge' '
-	before_commit=$(git rev-list --all --grep="trunk commit before merging trunk to b2")
-	merge_commit=$(git rev-list --all --grep="Merge trunk to b2")
-	not_reachable=$(git rev-list -1 $before_commit --not $merge_commit)
+	before_commit=$(git rev-list --all --grep="trunk commit before merging trunk to b2") &&
+	merge_commit=$(git rev-list --all --grep="Merge trunk to b2") &&
+	not_reachable=$(git rev-list -1 $before_commit --not $merge_commit) &&
 	[ -z "$not_reachable" ]
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'merging two branches in one commit is detected correctly' '
-	f1_commit=$(git rev-list --all --grep="make f1 branch from trunk")
-	f2_commit=$(git rev-list --all --grep="make f2 branch from trunk")
-	merge_commit=$(git rev-list --all --grep="Merge f1 and f2 to trunk")
-	not_reachable=$(git rev-list -1 $f1_commit $f2_commit --not $merge_commit)
+	f1_commit=$(git rev-list --all --grep="make f1 branch from trunk") &&
+	f2_commit=$(git rev-list --all --grep="make f2 branch from trunk") &&
+	merge_commit=$(git rev-list --all --grep="Merge f1 and f2 to trunk") &&
+	not_reachable=$(git rev-list -1 $f1_commit $f2_commit --not $merge_commit) &&
 	[ -z "$not_reachable" ]
 	'
 
 test_expect_failure 'everything got merged in the end' '
-	unmerged=$(git rev-list --all --not master)
+	unmerged=$(git rev-list --all --not master) &&
 	[ -z "$unmerged" ]
 	'
 
diff --git a/t/t9157-git-svn-fetch-merge.sh b/t/t9157-git-svn-fetch-merge.sh
index da582c5..991d2aa 100755
--- a/t/t9157-git-svn-fetch-merge.sh
+++ b/t/t9157-git-svn-fetch-merge.sh
@@ -6,6 +6,14 @@
 test_description='git svn merge detection'
 . ./lib-git-svn.sh
 
+svn_ver="$(svn --version --quiet)"
+case $svn_ver in
+0.* | 1.[0-4].*)
+	skip_all="skipping git-svn test - SVN too old ($svn_ver)"
+	test_done
+	;;
+esac
+
 test_expect_success 'initialize source svn repo' '
 	svn_cmd mkdir -m x "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
 	svn_cmd mkdir -m x "$svnrepo"/branches &&
diff --git a/t/t9158-git-svn-mergeinfo.sh b/t/t9158-git-svn-mergeinfo.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..3ab4390
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9158-git-svn-mergeinfo.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2010 Steven Walter
+#
+
+test_description='git svn mergeinfo propagation'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+say 'define NO_SVN_TESTS to skip git svn tests'
+
+test_expect_success 'initialize source svn repo' '
+	svn_cmd mkdir -m x "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo"/trunk "$SVN_TREE" &&
+	(
+		cd "$SVN_TREE" &&
+		touch foo &&
+		svn_cmd add foo &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "initial commit"
+	) &&
+	rm -rf "$SVN_TREE"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone svn repo' '
+	git svn init "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
+	git svn fetch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'change svn:mergeinfo' '
+	touch bar &&
+	git add bar &&
+	git commit -m "bar" &&
+	git svn dcommit --mergeinfo="/branches/foo:1-10"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify svn:mergeinfo' '
+	mergeinfo=$(svn_cmd propget svn:mergeinfo "$svnrepo"/trunk)
+	test "$mergeinfo" = "/branches/foo:1-10"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9300-fast-import.sh b/t/t9300-fast-import.sh
index 3c0cf05..6b1ba6c 100755
--- a/t/t9300-fast-import.sh
+++ b/t/t9300-fast-import.sh
@@ -7,6 +7,23 @@
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh ;# test-lib chdir's into trash
 
+# Print $1 bytes from stdin to stdout.
+#
+# This could be written as "head -c $1", but IRIX "head" does not
+# support the -c option.
+head_c () {
+	perl -e '
+		my $len = $ARGV[1];
+		while ($len > 0) {
+			my $s;
+			my $nread = sysread(STDIN, $s, $len);
+			die "cannot read: $!" unless defined($nread);
+			print $s;
+			$len -= $nread;
+		}
+	' - "$1"
+}
+
 file2_data='file2
 second line of EOF'
 
@@ -23,11 +40,26 @@
 file6_data='#!/bin/sh
 echo "$@"'
 
+>empty
+
+test_expect_success 'setup: have pipes?' '
+	rm -f frob &&
+	if mkfifo frob
+	then
+		test_set_prereq PIPE
+	fi
+'
+
 ###
 ### series A
 ###
 
 test_tick
+
+test_expect_success 'empty stream succeeds' '
+	git fast-import </dev/null
+'
+
 cat >input <<INPUT_END
 blob
 mark :2
@@ -321,7 +353,7 @@
 	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git verify-pack $p||exit;done'
 test_expect_success \
 	'C: validate reuse existing blob' \
-	'test $newf = `git rev-parse --verify branch:file2/newf`
+	'test $newf = `git rev-parse --verify branch:file2/newf` &&
 	 test $oldf = `git rev-parse --verify branch:file2/oldf`'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
@@ -874,6 +906,77 @@
 	 git diff-tree -C --find-copies-harder -r N4^ N4 >actual &&
 	 compare_diff_raw expect actual'
 
+test_expect_success PIPE 'N: read and copy directory' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF
+	:100755 100755 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc C100	file2/newf	file3/newf
+	:100644 100644 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 C100	file2/oldf	file3/oldf
+	EOF
+	git update-ref -d refs/heads/N4 &&
+	rm -f backflow &&
+	mkfifo backflow &&
+	(
+		exec <backflow &&
+		cat <<-EOF &&
+		commit refs/heads/N4
+		committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+		data <<COMMIT
+		copy by tree hash, part 2
+		COMMIT
+
+		from refs/heads/branch^0
+		ls "file2"
+		EOF
+		read mode type tree filename &&
+		echo "M 040000 $tree file3"
+	) |
+	git fast-import --cat-blob-fd=3 3>backflow &&
+	git diff-tree -C --find-copies-harder -r N4^ N4 >actual &&
+	compare_diff_raw expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success PIPE 'N: empty directory reads as missing' '
+	cat <<-\EOF >expect &&
+	OBJNAME
+	:000000 100644 OBJNAME OBJNAME A	unrelated
+	EOF
+	echo "missing src" >expect.response &&
+	git update-ref -d refs/heads/read-empty &&
+	rm -f backflow &&
+	mkfifo backflow &&
+	(
+		exec <backflow &&
+		cat <<-EOF &&
+		commit refs/heads/read-empty
+		committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+		data <<COMMIT
+		read "empty" (missing) directory
+		COMMIT
+
+		M 100644 inline src/greeting
+		data <<BLOB
+		hello
+		BLOB
+		C src/greeting dst1/non-greeting
+		C src/greeting unrelated
+		# leave behind "empty" src directory
+		D src/greeting
+		ls "src"
+		EOF
+		read -r line &&
+		printf "%s\n" "$line" >response &&
+		cat <<-\EOF
+		D dst1
+		D dst2
+		EOF
+	) |
+	git fast-import --cat-blob-fd=3 3>backflow &&
+	test_cmp expect.response response &&
+	git rev-list read-empty |
+	git diff-tree -r --root --stdin |
+	sed "s/$_x40/OBJNAME/g" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success \
 	'N: copy root directory by tree hash' \
 	'cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
@@ -896,6 +999,48 @@
 	 compare_diff_raw expect actual'
 
 test_expect_success \
+	'N: delete directory by copying' \
+	'cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	OBJID
+	:100644 000000 OBJID OBJID D	foo/bar/qux
+	OBJID
+	:000000 100644 OBJID OBJID A	foo/bar/baz
+	:000000 100644 OBJID OBJID A	foo/bar/qux
+	EOF
+	 empty_tree=$(git mktree </dev/null) &&
+	 cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/N-delete
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	collect data to be deleted
+	COMMIT
+
+	deleteall
+	M 100644 inline foo/bar/baz
+	data <<DATA_END
+	hello
+	DATA_END
+	C "foo/bar/baz" "foo/bar/qux"
+	C "foo/bar/baz" "foo/bar/quux/1"
+	C "foo/bar/baz" "foo/bar/quuux"
+	M 040000 $empty_tree foo/bar/quux
+	M 040000 $empty_tree foo/bar/quuux
+
+	commit refs/heads/N-delete
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	delete subdirectory
+	COMMIT
+
+	M 040000 $empty_tree foo/bar/qux
+	INPUT_END
+	 git fast-import <input &&
+	 git rev-list N-delete |
+		git diff-tree -r --stdin --root --always |
+		sed -e "s/$_x40/OBJID/g" >actual &&
+	 test_cmp expect actual'
+
+test_expect_success \
 	'N: modify copied tree' \
 	'cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 	:100644 100644 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 C100	newdir/interesting	file3/file5
@@ -928,6 +1073,114 @@
 	 git diff-tree -C --find-copies-harder -r N5^^ N5 >actual &&
 	 compare_diff_raw expect actual'
 
+test_expect_success \
+	'N: reject foo/ syntax' \
+	'subdir=$(git rev-parse refs/heads/branch^0:file2) &&
+	 test_must_fail git fast-import <<-INPUT_END
+	commit refs/heads/N5B
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	copy with invalid syntax
+	COMMIT
+
+	from refs/heads/branch^0
+	M 040000 $subdir file3/
+	INPUT_END'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'N: copy to root by id and modify' \
+	'echo "hello, world" >expect.foo &&
+	 echo hello >expect.bar &&
+	 git fast-import <<-SETUP_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/N7
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	hello, tree
+	COMMIT
+
+	deleteall
+	M 644 inline foo/bar
+	data <<EOF
+	hello
+	EOF
+	SETUP_END
+
+	 tree=$(git rev-parse --verify N7:) &&
+	 git fast-import <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/N8
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	copy to root by id and modify
+	COMMIT
+
+	M 040000 $tree ""
+	M 644 inline foo/foo
+	data <<EOF
+	hello, world
+	EOF
+	INPUT_END
+	 git show N8:foo/foo >actual.foo &&
+	 git show N8:foo/bar >actual.bar &&
+	 test_cmp expect.foo actual.foo &&
+	 test_cmp expect.bar actual.bar'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'N: extract subtree' \
+	'branch=$(git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/branch^{tree}) &&
+	 cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/N9
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	extract subtree branch:newdir
+	COMMIT
+
+	M 040000 $branch ""
+	C "newdir" ""
+	INPUT_END
+	 git fast-import <input &&
+	 git diff --exit-code branch:newdir N9'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'N: modify subtree, extract it, and modify again' \
+	'echo hello >expect.baz &&
+	 echo hello, world >expect.qux &&
+	 git fast-import <<-SETUP_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/N10
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	hello, tree
+	COMMIT
+
+	deleteall
+	M 644 inline foo/bar/baz
+	data <<EOF
+	hello
+	EOF
+	SETUP_END
+
+	 tree=$(git rev-parse --verify N10:) &&
+	 git fast-import <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/N11
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	copy to root by id and modify
+	COMMIT
+
+	M 040000 $tree ""
+	M 100644 inline foo/bar/qux
+	data <<EOF
+	hello, world
+	EOF
+	R "foo" ""
+	C "bar/qux" "bar/quux"
+	INPUT_END
+	 git show N11:bar/baz >actual.baz &&
+	 git show N11:bar/qux >actual.qux &&
+	 git show N11:bar/quux >actual.quux &&
+	 test_cmp expect.baz actual.baz &&
+	 test_cmp expect.qux actual.qux &&
+	 test_cmp expect.qux actual.quux'
+
 ###
 ### series O
 ###
@@ -1574,6 +1827,61 @@
     'cat input | git fast-import --export-marks=other.marks &&
     grep :1 other.marks'
 
+test_expect_success 'R: catch typo in marks file name' '
+	test_must_fail git fast-import --import-marks=nonexistent.marks </dev/null &&
+	echo "feature import-marks=nonexistent.marks" |
+	test_must_fail git fast-import
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'R: import and output marks can be the same file' '
+	rm -f io.marks &&
+	blob=$(echo hi | git hash-object --stdin) &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:1 $blob
+	:2 $blob
+	EOF
+	git fast-import --export-marks=io.marks <<-\EOF &&
+	blob
+	mark :1
+	data 3
+	hi
+
+	EOF
+	git fast-import --import-marks=io.marks --export-marks=io.marks <<-\EOF &&
+	blob
+	mark :2
+	data 3
+	hi
+
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect io.marks
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'R: --import-marks=foo --output-marks=foo to create foo fails' '
+	rm -f io.marks &&
+	test_must_fail git fast-import --import-marks=io.marks --export-marks=io.marks <<-\EOF
+	blob
+	mark :1
+	data 3
+	hi
+
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'R: --import-marks-if-exists' '
+	rm -f io.marks &&
+	blob=$(echo hi | git hash-object --stdin) &&
+	echo ":1 $blob" >expect &&
+	git fast-import --import-marks-if-exists=io.marks --export-marks=io.marks <<-\EOF &&
+	blob
+	mark :1
+	data 3
+	hi
+
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect io.marks
+'
+
 cat >input << EOF
 feature import-marks=marks.out
 feature export-marks=marks.new
@@ -1632,6 +1940,250 @@
     test_cmp marks.new non-relative.out
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'R: feature ls supported' '
+	echo "feature ls" |
+	git fast-import
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'R: feature cat-blob supported' '
+	echo "feature cat-blob" |
+	git fast-import
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'R: cat-blob-fd must be a nonnegative integer' '
+	test_must_fail git fast-import --cat-blob-fd=-1 </dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'R: print old blob' '
+	blob=$(echo "yes it can" | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	${blob} blob 11
+	yes it can
+
+	EOF
+	echo "cat-blob $blob" |
+	git fast-import --cat-blob-fd=6 6>actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'R: in-stream cat-blob-fd not respected' '
+	echo hello >greeting &&
+	blob=$(git hash-object -w greeting) &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	${blob} blob 6
+	hello
+
+	EOF
+	git fast-import --cat-blob-fd=3 3>actual.3 >actual.1 <<-EOF &&
+	cat-blob $blob
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual.3 &&
+	test_cmp empty actual.1 &&
+	git fast-import 3>actual.3 >actual.1 <<-EOF &&
+	option cat-blob-fd=3
+	cat-blob $blob
+	EOF
+	test_cmp empty actual.3 &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'R: print new blob' '
+	blob=$(echo "yep yep yep" | git hash-object --stdin) &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	${blob} blob 12
+	yep yep yep
+
+	EOF
+	git fast-import --cat-blob-fd=6 6>actual <<-\EOF &&
+	blob
+	mark :1
+	data <<BLOB_END
+	yep yep yep
+	BLOB_END
+	cat-blob :1
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'R: print new blob by sha1' '
+	blob=$(echo "a new blob named by sha1" | git hash-object --stdin) &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	${blob} blob 25
+	a new blob named by sha1
+
+	EOF
+	git fast-import --cat-blob-fd=6 6>actual <<-EOF &&
+	blob
+	data <<BLOB_END
+	a new blob named by sha1
+	BLOB_END
+	cat-blob $blob
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup: big file' '
+	(
+		echo "the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" >big &&
+		for i in 1 2 3
+		do
+			cat big big big big >bigger &&
+			cat bigger bigger bigger bigger >big ||
+			exit
+		done
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'R: print two blobs to stdout' '
+	blob1=$(git hash-object big) &&
+	blob1_len=$(wc -c <big) &&
+	blob2=$(echo hello | git hash-object --stdin) &&
+	{
+		echo ${blob1} blob $blob1_len &&
+		cat big &&
+		cat <<-EOF
+
+		${blob2} blob 6
+		hello
+
+		EOF
+	} >expect &&
+	{
+		cat <<-\END_PART1 &&
+			blob
+			mark :1
+			data <<data_end
+		END_PART1
+		cat big &&
+		cat <<-\EOF
+			data_end
+			blob
+			mark :2
+			data <<data_end
+			hello
+			data_end
+			cat-blob :1
+			cat-blob :2
+		EOF
+	} |
+	git fast-import >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success PIPE 'R: copy using cat-file' '
+	expect_id=$(git hash-object big) &&
+	expect_len=$(wc -c <big) &&
+	echo $expect_id blob $expect_len >expect.response &&
+
+	rm -f blobs &&
+	cat >frontend <<-\FRONTEND_END &&
+	#!/bin/sh
+	FRONTEND_END
+
+	mkfifo blobs &&
+	(
+		export GIT_COMMITTER_NAME GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL GIT_COMMITTER_DATE &&
+		cat <<-\EOF &&
+		feature cat-blob
+		blob
+		mark :1
+		data <<BLOB
+		EOF
+		cat big &&
+		cat <<-\EOF &&
+		BLOB
+		cat-blob :1
+		EOF
+
+		read blob_id type size <&3 &&
+		echo "$blob_id $type $size" >response &&
+		head_c $size >blob <&3 &&
+		read newline <&3 &&
+
+		cat <<-EOF &&
+		commit refs/heads/copied
+		committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+		data <<COMMIT
+		copy big file as file3
+		COMMIT
+		M 644 inline file3
+		data <<BLOB
+		EOF
+		cat blob &&
+		echo BLOB
+	) 3<blobs |
+	git fast-import --cat-blob-fd=3 3>blobs &&
+	git show copied:file3 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.response response &&
+	test_cmp big actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success PIPE 'R: print blob mid-commit' '
+	rm -f blobs &&
+	echo "A blob from _before_ the commit." >expect &&
+	mkfifo blobs &&
+	(
+		exec 3<blobs &&
+		cat <<-EOF &&
+		feature cat-blob
+		blob
+		mark :1
+		data <<BLOB
+		A blob from _before_ the commit.
+		BLOB
+		commit refs/heads/temporary
+		committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+		data <<COMMIT
+		Empty commit
+		COMMIT
+		cat-blob :1
+		EOF
+
+		read blob_id type size <&3 &&
+		head_c $size >actual <&3 &&
+		read newline <&3 &&
+
+		echo
+	) |
+	git fast-import --cat-blob-fd=3 3>blobs &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success PIPE 'R: print staged blob within commit' '
+	rm -f blobs &&
+	echo "A blob from _within_ the commit." >expect &&
+	mkfifo blobs &&
+	(
+		exec 3<blobs &&
+		cat <<-EOF &&
+		feature cat-blob
+		commit refs/heads/within
+		committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+		data <<COMMIT
+		Empty commit
+		COMMIT
+		M 644 inline within
+		data <<BLOB
+		A blob from _within_ the commit.
+		BLOB
+		EOF
+
+		to_get=$(
+			echo "A blob from _within_ the commit." |
+			git hash-object --stdin
+		) &&
+		echo "cat-blob $to_get" &&
+
+		read blob_id type size <&3 &&
+		head_c $size >actual <&3 &&
+		read newline <&3 &&
+
+		echo deleteall
+	) |
+	git fast-import --cat-blob-fd=3 3>blobs &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 cat >input << EOF
 option git quiet
 blob
@@ -1640,8 +2192,6 @@
 
 EOF
 
-touch empty
-
 test_expect_success 'R: quiet option results in no stats being output' '
     cat input | git fast-import 2> output &&
     test_cmp empty output
@@ -1659,6 +2209,14 @@
     test_must_fail git fast-import --non-existing-option < /dev/null
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'R: die on invalid option argument' '
+	echo "option git active-branches=-5" |
+	test_must_fail git fast-import &&
+	echo "option git depth=" |
+	test_must_fail git fast-import &&
+	test_must_fail git fast-import --depth="5 elephants" </dev/null
+'
+
 cat >input <<EOF
 option non-existing-vcs non-existing-option
 EOF
diff --git a/t/t9301-fast-import-notes.sh b/t/t9301-fast-import-notes.sh
index a5c99d8..463254c 100755
--- a/t/t9301-fast-import-notes.sh
+++ b/t/t9301-fast-import-notes.sh
@@ -120,6 +120,7 @@
 
 test_tick
 cat >input <<INPUT_END
+feature notes
 commit refs/notes/test
 committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 data <<COMMIT
@@ -255,13 +256,18 @@
 
 INPUT_END
 
+whitespace="    "
+
 cat >expect <<EXPECT_END
     fourth commit
     pre-prefix of note for fourth commit
+$whitespace
     prefix of note for fourth commit
+$whitespace
     third note for fourth commit
     third commit
     prefix of note for third commit
+$whitespace
     third note for third commit
     second commit
     third note for second commit
diff --git a/t/t9350-fast-export.sh b/t/t9350-fast-export.sh
index 8c8e679..f823c05 100755
--- a/t/t9350-fast-export.sh
+++ b/t/t9350-fast-export.sh
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 	test_tick &&
 	git tag rein &&
 	git checkout -b wer HEAD^ &&
-	echo lange > file2
+	echo lange > file2 &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m sitzt file2 &&
 	test_tick &&
diff --git a/t/t9400-git-cvsserver-server.sh b/t/t9400-git-cvsserver-server.sh
index 36c457e..9199550 100755
--- a/t/t9400-git-cvsserver-server.sh
+++ b/t/t9400-git-cvsserver-server.sh
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
 # as argument to co -d
 test_expect_success 'basic checkout' \
   'GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q co -d cvswork master &&
-   test "$(echo $(grep -v ^D cvswork/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5 | head -n 1))" = "empty/1.1/"
+   test "$(echo $(grep -v ^D cvswork/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5 | head -n 1))" = "empty/1.1/" &&
    test "$(echo $(grep -v ^D cvswork/CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5 | sed -ne \$p))" = "secondrootfile/1.1/"'
 
 #------------------------
diff --git a/t/t9401-git-cvsserver-crlf.sh b/t/t9401-git-cvsserver-crlf.sh
index 1bbfd82..ff6d6fb 100755
--- a/t/t9401-git-cvsserver-crlf.sh
+++ b/t/t9401-git-cvsserver-crlf.sh
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
     mkdir subdir &&
     echo "Another text file" > subdir/file.h &&
     echo "Another binary: Q (this time CR)" | q_to_cr > subdir/withCr.bin &&
-    echo "Mixed up NUL, but marked text: Q <- there" | q_to_nul > mixedUp.c
+    echo "Mixed up NUL, but marked text: Q <- there" | q_to_nul > mixedUp.c &&
     echo "Unspecified" > subdir/unspecified.other &&
     echo "/*.bin -crlf" > .gitattributes &&
     echo "/*.c crlf" >> .gitattributes &&
diff --git a/t/t9500-gitweb-standalone-no-errors.sh b/t/t9500-gitweb-standalone-no-errors.sh
index 21cd286..afac5b5 100755
--- a/t/t9500-gitweb-standalone-no-errors.sh
+++ b/t/t9500-gitweb-standalone-no-errors.sh
@@ -18,42 +18,34 @@
 test_expect_success \
 	'no commits: projects_list (implicit)' \
 	'gitweb_run'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'no commits: projects_index' \
 	'gitweb_run "a=project_index"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'no commits: .git summary (implicit)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'no commits: .git commit (implicit HEAD)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commit"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'no commits: .git commitdiff (implicit HEAD)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'no commits: .git tree (implicit HEAD)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tree"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'no commits: .git heads' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=heads"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'no commits: .git tags' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tags"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -69,52 +61,42 @@
 test_expect_success \
 	'projects_list (implicit)' \
 	'gitweb_run'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'projects_index' \
 	'gitweb_run "a=project_index"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'.git summary (implicit)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'.git commit (implicit HEAD)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commit"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'.git commitdiff (implicit HEAD, root commit)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'.git commitdiff_plain (implicit HEAD, root commit)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff_plain"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'.git commit (HEAD)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commit;h=HEAD"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'.git tree (implicit HEAD)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tree"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'.git blob (file)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=blob;f=file"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'.git blob_plain (file)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=blob_plain;f=file"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # nonexistent objects
@@ -122,37 +104,30 @@
 test_expect_success \
 	'.git commit (non-existent)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commit;h=non-existent"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'.git commitdiff (non-existent)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;h=non-existent"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'.git commitdiff (non-existent vs HEAD)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;hp=non-existent;h=HEAD"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'.git tree (0000000000000000000000000000000000000000)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tree;h=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'.git tag (0000000000000000000000000000000000000000)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tag;h=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'.git blob (non-existent)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=blob;f=non-existent"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'.git blob_plain (non-existent)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=blob_plain;f=non-existent"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -161,7 +136,6 @@
 test_expect_success \
 	'commitdiff(0): root' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'commitdiff(0): file added' \
@@ -169,21 +143,18 @@
 	 git add new_file &&
 	 git commit -a -m "File added." &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'commitdiff(0): mode change' \
 	'test_chmod +x new_file &&
 	 git commit -a -m "Mode changed." &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'commitdiff(0): file renamed' \
 	'git mv new_file renamed_file &&
 	 git commit -a -m "File renamed." &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
 	'commitdiff(0): file to symlink' \
@@ -191,7 +162,6 @@
 	 ln -s file renamed_file &&
 	 git commit -a -m "File to symlink." &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'commitdiff(0): file deleted' \
@@ -199,7 +169,6 @@
 	 rm -f renamed_file &&
 	 git commit -a -m "File removed." &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'commitdiff(0): file copied / new file' \
@@ -207,7 +176,6 @@
 	 git add file2 &&
 	 git commit -a -m "File copied." &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'commitdiff(0): mode change and modified' \
@@ -215,7 +183,6 @@
 	 test_chmod +x file2 &&
 	 git commit -a -m "Mode change and modification." &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'commitdiff(0): renamed and modified' \
@@ -233,7 +200,6 @@
 	 echo "Propter nomen suum." >> file3 &&
 	 git commit -a -m "File rename and modification." &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'commitdiff(0): renamed, mode change and modified' \
@@ -242,7 +208,6 @@
 	 test_chmod +x file2 &&
 	 git commit -a -m "File rename, mode change and modification." &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # commitdiff testing (taken from t4114-apply-typechange.sh)
@@ -279,42 +244,34 @@
 test_expect_success \
 	'commitdiff(2): file renamed from foo to foo/baz' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;hp=initial;h=foo-baz-renamed-from-foo"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'commitdiff(2): file renamed from foo/baz to foo' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;hp=foo-baz-renamed-from-foo;h=initial"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'commitdiff(2): directory becomes file' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;hp=foo-becomes-a-directory;h=initial"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'commitdiff(2): file becomes directory' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;hp=initial;h=foo-becomes-a-directory"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'commitdiff(2): file becomes symlink' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;hp=initial;h=foo-symlinked-to-bar"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'commitdiff(2): symlink becomes file' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;hp=foo-symlinked-to-bar;h=foo-back-to-file"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'commitdiff(2): symlink becomes directory' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;hp=foo-symlinked-to-bar;h=foo-becomes-a-directory"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'commitdiff(2): directory becomes symlink' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;hp=foo-becomes-a-directory;h=foo-symlinked-to-bar"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # commit, commitdiff: merge, large
@@ -330,12 +287,10 @@
 test_expect_success \
 	'commit(0): merge commit' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commit"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'commitdiff(0): merge commit' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'Prepare large commit' \
@@ -371,12 +326,10 @@
 test_expect_success \
 	'commit(1): large commit' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commit;h=b"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'commitdiff(1): large commit' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;h=b"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # tags testing
@@ -394,17 +347,14 @@
 	 git tag lightweight/tag-tree HEAD^{tree} &&
 	 git tag lightweight/tag-blob HEAD:file &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tags"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'tag: Tag to commit object' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tag;h=tag-commit"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'tag: on lightweight tag (invalid)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tag;h=lightweight/tag-commit"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # logs
@@ -412,22 +362,18 @@
 test_expect_success \
 	'logs: log (implicit HEAD)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=log"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'logs: shortlog (implicit HEAD)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=shortlog"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'logs: history (implicit HEAD, file)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=history;f=file"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'logs: history (implicit HEAD, non-existent file)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=history;f=non-existent"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'logs: history (implicit HEAD, deleted file)' \
@@ -438,55 +384,45 @@
 	 git rm deleted_file &&
 	 git commit -m "Delete file" &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=history;f=deleted_file"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # path_info links
 test_expect_success \
 	'path_info: project' \
 	'gitweb_run "" "/.git"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'path_info: project/branch' \
 	'gitweb_run "" "/.git/b"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'path_info: project/branch:file' \
 	'gitweb_run "" "/.git/master:file"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'path_info: project/branch:dir/' \
 	'gitweb_run "" "/.git/master:foo/"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'path_info: project/branch:file (non-existent)' \
 	'gitweb_run "" "/.git/master:non-existent"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'path_info: project/branch:dir/ (non-existent)' \
 	'gitweb_run "" "/.git/master:non-existent/"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'path_info: project/branch:/file' \
 	'gitweb_run "" "/.git/master:/file"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'path_info: project/:/file (implicit HEAD)' \
 	'gitweb_run "" "/.git/:/file"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'path_info: project/:/ (implicit HEAD, top tree)' \
 	'gitweb_run "" "/.git/:/"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -495,17 +431,14 @@
 test_expect_success \
 	'feeds: OPML' \
 	'gitweb_run "a=opml"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'feed: RSS' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=rss"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'feed: Atom' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=atom"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # encoding/decoding
@@ -513,27 +446,28 @@
 test_expect_success \
 	'encode(commit): utf8' \
 	'. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-utf8.txt &&
+	 test_when_finished "GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=\"A U Thor\"" &&
+	 test_when_finished "GIT_COMMITTER_NAME=\"C O Mitter\"" &&
 	 echo "UTF-8" >> file &&
 	 git add file &&
 	 git commit -F "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/1-UTF-8.txt &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commit"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'encode(commit): iso-8859-1' \
 	'. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
+	 test_when_finished "GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=\"A U Thor\"" &&
+	 test_when_finished "GIT_COMMITTER_NAME=\"C O Mitter\"" &&
 	 echo "ISO-8859-1" >> file &&
 	 git add file &&
 	 git config i18n.commitencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
+	 test_when_finished "git config --unset i18n.commitencoding" &&
 	 git commit -F "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/ISO8859-1.txt &&
-	 git config --unset i18n.commitencoding &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commit"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'encode(log): utf-8 and iso-8859-1' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=log"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # extra options
@@ -541,27 +475,22 @@
 test_expect_success \
 	'opt: log --no-merges' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=log;opt=--no-merges"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'opt: atom --no-merges' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=log;opt=--no-merges"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'opt: "file" history --no-merges' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=history;f=file;opt=--no-merges"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'opt: log --no-such-option (invalid option)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=log;opt=--no-such-option"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'opt: tree --no-merges (invalid option for action)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tree;opt=--no-merges"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # testing config_to_multi / cloneurl
@@ -569,14 +498,12 @@
 test_expect_success \
        'URL: no project URLs, no base URL' \
        'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=summary"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
        'URL: project URLs via gitweb.url' \
        'git config --add gitweb.url git://example.com/git/trash.git &&
         git config --add gitweb.url http://example.com/git/trash.git &&
         gitweb_run "p=.git;a=summary"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 cat >.git/cloneurl <<\EOF
 git://example.com/git/trash.git
@@ -586,7 +513,6 @@
 test_expect_success \
        'URL: project URLs via cloneurl file' \
        'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=summary"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # gitweb config and repo config
@@ -604,12 +530,10 @@
 test_expect_success \
 	'config override: projects list (implicit)' \
 	'gitweb_run'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'config override: tree view, features not overridden in repo config' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tree"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'config override: tree view, features disabled in repo config' \
@@ -617,14 +541,12 @@
 	 git config gitweb.snapshot none &&
 	 git config gitweb.avatar gravatar &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tree"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'config override: tree view, features enabled in repo config (1)' \
 	'git config gitweb.blame yes &&
 	 git config gitweb.snapshot "zip,tgz, tbz2" &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tree"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 cat >.git/config <<\EOF
 # testing noval and alternate separator
@@ -635,7 +557,6 @@
 test_expect_success \
 	'config override: tree view, features enabled in repo config (2)' \
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tree"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # non-ASCII in README.html
@@ -645,7 +566,6 @@
 	'echo "<b>UTF-8 example:</b><br />" > .git/README.html &&
 	 cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/1-UTF-8.txt >> .git/README.html &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=summary"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # syntax highlighting
@@ -666,7 +586,6 @@
 	'syntax highlighting (no highlight, unknown syntax)' \
 	'git config gitweb.highlight yes &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=blob;f=file"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success HIGHLIGHT \
 	'syntax highlighting (highlighted, shell script)' \
@@ -675,6 +594,5 @@
 	 git add test.sh &&
 	 git commit -m "Add test.sh" &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=blob;f=test.sh"'
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9501-gitweb-standalone-http-status.sh b/t/t9501-gitweb-standalone-http-status.sh
index 2487da1..26102ee 100755
--- a/t/t9501-gitweb-standalone-http-status.sh
+++ b/t/t9501-gitweb-standalone-http-status.sh
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 # snapshot settings
 
 test_expect_success 'setup' "
-	test_commit 'SnapshotTests' 'i can has snapshot?'
+	test_commit 'SnapshotTests' 'i can has snapshot'
 "
 
 
@@ -126,7 +126,6 @@
 	grep "Status: 503 Service Unavailable" gitweb.headers &&
 	grep "503 - The load average on the server is too high" gitweb.body
 '
-test_debug 'cat gitweb.log' # just in case
 test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers'
 
 # turn off load checking
diff --git a/t/t9600-cvsimport.sh b/t/t9600-cvsimport.sh
index 432b82e..4c384ff 100755
--- a/t/t9600-cvsimport.sh
+++ b/t/t9600-cvsimport.sh
@@ -89,7 +89,8 @@
 test_expect_success PERL 'update git module' '
 
 	(cd module-git &&
-	git cvsimport -a -R -z 0 module &&
+	git config cvsimport.trackRevisions true &&
+	git cvsimport -a -z 0 module &&
 	git merge origin
 	) &&
 	test_cmp module-cvs/o_fortuna module-git/o_fortuna
@@ -117,7 +118,8 @@
 
 	(cd module-git &&
 		git config cvsimport.module module &&
-		git cvsimport -a -R -z0 &&
+		git config cvsimport.trackRevisions true &&
+		git cvsimport -a -z0 &&
 		git merge origin
 	) &&
 	test_cmp module-cvs/tick module-git/tick
@@ -137,6 +139,7 @@
 
 	$CVS co -d import-from-wt module &&
 	(cd import-from-wt &&
+		git config cvsimport.trackRevisions false &&
 		git cvsimport -a -z0 &&
 		echo 1 >expect &&
 		git log -1 --pretty=format:%s%n >actual &&
diff --git a/t/t9700/test.pl b/t/t9700/test.pl
index c15ca2d..13ba96e 100755
--- a/t/t9700/test.pl
+++ b/t/t9700/test.pl
@@ -113,6 +113,16 @@
 my $dir_commit = $r2->command_oneline('log', '-n1', '--pretty=format:%H', '.');
 isnt($last_commit, $dir_commit, 'log . does not show last commit');
 
+# commands outside working tree
+chdir($abs_repo_dir . '/..');
+my $r3 = Git->repository(Directory => $abs_repo_dir);
+my $tmpfile3 = "$abs_repo_dir/file3.tmp";
+open TEMPFILE3, "+>$tmpfile3" or die "Can't open $tmpfile3: $!";
+is($r3->cat_blob($file1hash, \*TEMPFILE3), 15, "cat_blob(outside): size");
+close TEMPFILE3;
+unlink $tmpfile3;
+chdir($abs_repo_dir);
+
 printf "1..%d\n", Test::More->builder->current_test;
 
 my $is_passing = eval { Test::More->is_passing };
diff --git a/t/t9800-git-p4.sh b/t/t9800-git-p4.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..a523473
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9800-git-p4.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git-p4 tests'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+( p4 -h && p4d -h ) >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
+	skip_all='skipping git-p4 tests; no p4 or p4d'
+	test_done
+}
+
+GITP4=$GIT_BUILD_DIR/contrib/fast-import/git-p4
+P4DPORT=10669
+
+db="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/db"
+cli="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/cli"
+git="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/git"
+
+test_debug 'echo p4d -q -d -r "$db" -p $P4DPORT'
+test_expect_success setup '
+	mkdir -p "$db" &&
+	p4d -q -d -r "$db" -p $P4DPORT &&
+	mkdir -p "$cli" &&
+	mkdir -p "$git" &&
+	export P4PORT=localhost:$P4DPORT
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add p4 files' '
+	cd "$cli" &&
+	p4 client -i <<-EOF &&
+	Client: client
+	Description: client
+	Root: $cli
+	View: //depot/... //client/...
+	EOF
+	export P4CLIENT=client &&
+	echo file1 >file1 &&
+	p4 add file1 &&
+	p4 submit -d "file1" &&
+	echo file2 >file2 &&
+	p4 add file2 &&
+	p4 submit -d "file2" &&
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'basic git-p4 clone' '
+	"$GITP4" clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	cd "$git" &&
+	git log --oneline >lines &&
+	test_line_count = 1 lines &&
+	cd .. &&
+	rm -rf "$git" && mkdir "$git"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git-p4 clone @all' '
+	"$GITP4" clone --dest="$git" //depot@all &&
+	cd "$git" &&
+	git log --oneline >lines &&
+	test_line_count = 2 lines &&
+	cd .. &&
+	rm -rf "$git" && mkdir "$git"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git-p4 sync uninitialized repo' '
+	test_create_repo "$git" &&
+	cd "$git" &&
+	test_must_fail "$GITP4" sync &&
+	rm -rf "$git" && mkdir "$git"
+'
+
+#
+# Create a git repo by hand.  Add a commit so that HEAD is valid.
+# Test imports a new p4 repository into a new git branch.
+#
+test_expect_success 'git-p4 sync new branch' '
+	test_create_repo "$git" &&
+	cd "$git" &&
+	test_commit head &&
+	"$GITP4" sync --branch=refs/remotes/p4/depot //depot@all &&
+	git log --oneline p4/depot >lines &&
+	cat lines &&
+	test_line_count = 2 lines &&
+	cd .. &&
+	rm -rf "$git" && mkdir "$git"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'exit when p4 fails to produce marshaled output' '
+	badp4dir="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/badp4dir" &&
+	mkdir -p "$badp4dir" &&
+	cat >"$badp4dir"/p4 <<-EOF &&
+	#!$SHELL_PATH
+	exit 1
+	EOF
+	chmod 755 "$badp4dir"/p4 &&
+	PATH="$badp4dir:$PATH" "$GITP4" clone --dest="$git" //depot >errs 2>&1 ; retval=$? &&
+	test $retval -eq 1 &&
+	test_must_fail grep -q Traceback errs
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add p4 files with wildcards in the names' '
+	cd "$cli" &&
+	echo file-wild-hash >file-wild#hash &&
+	echo file-wild-star >file-wild\*star &&
+	echo file-wild-at >file-wild@at &&
+	echo file-wild-percent >file-wild%percent &&
+	p4 add -f file-wild* &&
+	p4 submit -d "file wildcards" &&
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'wildcard files git-p4 clone' '
+	"$GITP4" clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	cd "$git" &&
+	test -f file-wild#hash &&
+	test -f file-wild\*star &&
+	test -f file-wild@at &&
+	test -f file-wild%percent &&
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY" &&
+	rm -rf "$git" && mkdir "$git"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone bare' '
+	"$GITP4" clone --dest="$git" --bare //depot &&
+	cd "$git" &&
+	test ! -d .git &&
+	bare=`git config --get core.bare` &&
+	test "$bare" = true &&
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY" &&
+	rm -rf "$git" && mkdir "$git"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'shutdown' '
+	pid=`pgrep -f p4d` &&
+	test -n "$pid" &&
+	test_debug "ps wl `echo $pid`" &&
+	kill $pid
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/test-lib.sh b/t/test-lib.sh
index 2af8f10..a3fe16d 100644
--- a/t/test-lib.sh
+++ b/t/test-lib.sh
@@ -43,33 +43,25 @@
 export LANG LC_ALL PAGER TERM TZ
 EDITOR=:
 unset VISUAL
-unset GIT_EDITOR
-unset AUTHOR_DATE
-unset AUTHOR_EMAIL
-unset AUTHOR_NAME
-unset COMMIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
-unset COMMIT_AUTHOR_NAME
 unset EMAIL
-unset GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES
-unset GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
+unset $(perl -e '
+	my @env = keys %ENV;
+	my $ok = join("|", qw(
+		TRACE
+		DEBUG
+		USE_LOOKUP
+		TEST
+		.*_TEST
+		PROVE
+		VALGRIND
+	));
+	my @vars = grep(/^GIT_/ && !/^GIT_($ok)/o, @env);
+	print join("\n", @vars);
+')
 GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=author@example.com
 GIT_AUTHOR_NAME='A U Thor'
-unset GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL=committer@example.com
 GIT_COMMITTER_NAME='C O Mitter'
-unset GIT_DIFF_OPTS
-unset GIT_DIR
-unset GIT_WORK_TREE
-unset GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF
-unset GIT_INDEX_FILE
-unset GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY
-unset GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES
-unset SHA1_FILE_DIRECTORIES
-unset SHA1_FILE_DIRECTORY
-unset GIT_NOTES_REF
-unset GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF
-unset GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF
-unset GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_MODE
 GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=5
 export GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY
 export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL GIT_AUTHOR_NAME
@@ -97,6 +89,9 @@
 _x05='[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]'
 _x40="$_x05$_x05$_x05$_x05$_x05$_x05$_x05$_x05"
 
+# Zero SHA-1
+_z40=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+
 # Each test should start with something like this, after copyright notices:
 #
 # test_description='Description of this test...
@@ -238,14 +233,51 @@
 }
 
 test_decode_color () {
-	sed	-e 's/.\[1m/<WHITE>/g' \
-		-e 's/.\[31m/<RED>/g' \
-		-e 's/.\[32m/<GREEN>/g' \
-		-e 's/.\[33m/<YELLOW>/g' \
-		-e 's/.\[34m/<BLUE>/g' \
-		-e 's/.\[35m/<MAGENTA>/g' \
-		-e 's/.\[36m/<CYAN>/g' \
-		-e 's/.\[m/<RESET>/g'
+	awk '
+		function name(n) {
+			if (n == 0) return "RESET";
+			if (n == 1) return "BOLD";
+			if (n == 30) return "BLACK";
+			if (n == 31) return "RED";
+			if (n == 32) return "GREEN";
+			if (n == 33) return "YELLOW";
+			if (n == 34) return "BLUE";
+			if (n == 35) return "MAGENTA";
+			if (n == 36) return "CYAN";
+			if (n == 37) return "WHITE";
+			if (n == 40) return "BLACK";
+			if (n == 41) return "BRED";
+			if (n == 42) return "BGREEN";
+			if (n == 43) return "BYELLOW";
+			if (n == 44) return "BBLUE";
+			if (n == 45) return "BMAGENTA";
+			if (n == 46) return "BCYAN";
+			if (n == 47) return "BWHITE";
+		}
+		{
+			while (match($0, /\033\[[0-9;]*m/) != 0) {
+				printf "%s<", substr($0, 1, RSTART-1);
+				codes = substr($0, RSTART+2, RLENGTH-3);
+				if (length(codes) == 0)
+					printf "%s", name(0)
+				else {
+					n = split(codes, ary, ";");
+					sep = "";
+					for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
+						printf "%s%s", sep, name(ary[i]);
+						sep = ";"
+					}
+				}
+				printf ">";
+				$0 = substr($0, RSTART + RLENGTH, length($0) - RSTART - RLENGTH + 1);
+			}
+			print
+		}
+	'
+}
+
+nul_to_q () {
+	perl -pe 'y/\000/Q/'
 }
 
 q_to_nul () {
@@ -268,6 +300,17 @@
 	tr '\015' Q | sed -e 's/Q$//'
 }
 
+# In some bourne shell implementations, the "unset" builtin returns
+# nonzero status when a variable to be unset was not set in the first
+# place.
+#
+# Use sane_unset when that should not be considered an error.
+
+sane_unset () {
+	unset "$@"
+	return 0
+}
+
 test_tick () {
 	if test -z "${test_tick+set}"
 	then
@@ -362,6 +405,15 @@
 	test $total_prereq = $ok_prereq
 }
 
+test_declared_prereq () {
+	case ",$test_prereq," in
+	*,$1,*)
+		return 0
+		;;
+	esac
+	return 1
+}
+
 # You are not expected to call test_ok_ and test_failure_ directly, use
 # the text_expect_* functions instead.
 
@@ -414,17 +466,17 @@
 			break
 		esac
 	done
-	if test -z "$to_skip" && test -n "$prereq" &&
-	   ! test_have_prereq "$prereq"
+	if test -z "$to_skip" && test -n "$test_prereq" &&
+	   ! test_have_prereq "$test_prereq"
 	then
 		to_skip=t
 	fi
 	case "$to_skip" in
 	t)
 		of_prereq=
-		if test "$missing_prereq" != "$prereq"
+		if test "$missing_prereq" != "$test_prereq"
 		then
-			of_prereq=" of $prereq"
+			of_prereq=" of $test_prereq"
 		fi
 
 		say_color skip >&3 "skipping test: $@"
@@ -438,9 +490,10 @@
 }
 
 test_expect_failure () {
-	test "$#" = 3 && { prereq=$1; shift; } || prereq=
+	test "$#" = 3 && { test_prereq=$1; shift; } || test_prereq=
 	test "$#" = 2 ||
 	error "bug in the test script: not 2 or 3 parameters to test-expect-failure"
+	export test_prereq
 	if ! test_skip "$@"
 	then
 		say >&3 "checking known breakage: $2"
@@ -456,9 +509,10 @@
 }
 
 test_expect_success () {
-	test "$#" = 3 && { prereq=$1; shift; } || prereq=
+	test "$#" = 3 && { test_prereq=$1; shift; } || test_prereq=
 	test "$#" = 2 ||
 	error "bug in the test script: not 2 or 3 parameters to test-expect-success"
+	export test_prereq
 	if ! test_skip "$@"
 	then
 		say >&3 "expecting success: $2"
@@ -473,24 +527,6 @@
 	echo >&3 ""
 }
 
-test_expect_code () {
-	test "$#" = 4 && { prereq=$1; shift; } || prereq=
-	test "$#" = 3 ||
-	error "bug in the test script: not 3 or 4 parameters to test-expect-code"
-	if ! test_skip "$@"
-	then
-		say >&3 "expecting exit code $1: $3"
-		test_run_ "$3"
-		if [ "$?" = 0 -a "$eval_ret" = "$1" ]
-		then
-			test_ok_ "$2"
-		else
-			test_failure_ "$@"
-		fi
-	fi
-	echo >&3 ""
-}
-
 # test_external runs external test scripts that provide continuous
 # test output about their progress, and succeeds/fails on
 # zero/non-zero exit code.  It outputs the test output on stdout even
@@ -500,11 +536,12 @@
 # Usage: test_external description command arguments...
 # Example: test_external 'Perl API' perl ../path/to/test.pl
 test_external () {
-	test "$#" = 4 && { prereq=$1; shift; } || prereq=
+	test "$#" = 4 && { test_prereq=$1; shift; } || test_prereq=
 	test "$#" = 3 ||
 	error >&5 "bug in the test script: not 3 or 4 parameters to test_external"
 	descr="$1"
 	shift
+	export test_prereq
 	if ! test_skip "$descr" "$@"
 	then
 		# Announce the script to reduce confusion about the
@@ -605,6 +642,28 @@
 	fi
 }
 
+# test_line_count checks that a file has the number of lines it
+# ought to. For example:
+#
+#	test_expect_success 'produce exactly one line of output' '
+#		do something >output &&
+#		test_line_count = 1 output
+#	'
+#
+# is like "test $(wc -l <output) = 1" except that it passes the
+# output through when the number of lines is wrong.
+
+test_line_count () {
+	if test $# != 3
+	then
+		error "bug in the test script: not 3 parameters to test_line_count"
+	elif ! test $(wc -l <"$3") "$1" "$2"
+	then
+		echo "test_line_count: line count for $3 !$1 $2"
+		cat "$3"
+		return 1
+	fi
+}
 
 # This is not among top-level (test_expect_success | test_expect_failure)
 # but is a prefix that can be used in the test script, like:
@@ -658,6 +717,28 @@
 	return 0
 }
 
+# Similar to test_must_fail and test_might_fail, but check that a
+# given command exited with a given exit code. Meant to be used as:
+#
+#	test_expect_success 'Merge with d/f conflicts' '
+#		test_expect_code 1 git merge "merge msg" B master
+#	'
+
+test_expect_code () {
+	want_code=$1
+	shift
+	"$@"
+	exit_code=$?
+	if test $exit_code = $want_code
+	then
+		echo >&2 "test_expect_code: command exited with $exit_code: $*"
+		return 0
+	else
+		echo >&2 "test_expect_code: command exited with $exit_code, we wanted $want_code $*"
+		return 1
+	fi
+}
+
 # test_cmp is a helper function to compare actual and expected output.
 # You can use it like:
 #
@@ -865,8 +946,8 @@
 GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR="$GIT_BUILD_DIR"/templates/blt
 unset GIT_CONFIG
 GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM=1
-GIT_CONFIG_NOGLOBAL=1
-export PATH GIT_EXEC_PATH GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM GIT_CONFIG_NOGLOBAL
+GIT_ATTR_NOSYSTEM=1
+export PATH GIT_EXEC_PATH GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM GIT_ATTR_NOSYSTEM
 
 . "$GIT_BUILD_DIR"/GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
 
@@ -915,14 +996,14 @@
 	exit 1
 }
 
+HOME="$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
+export HOME
+
 test_create_repo "$test"
 # Use -P to resolve symlinks in our working directory so that the cwd
 # in subprocesses like git equals our $PWD (for pathname comparisons).
 cd -P "$test" || exit 1
 
-HOME=$(pwd)
-export HOME
-
 this_test=${0##*/}
 this_test=${this_test%%-*}
 for skp in $GIT_SKIP_TESTS
@@ -971,6 +1052,13 @@
 	# backslashes in pathspec are converted to '/'
 	# exec does not inherit the PID
 	test_set_prereq MINGW
+	test_set_prereq SED_STRIPS_CR
+	;;
+*CYGWIN*)
+	test_set_prereq POSIXPERM
+	test_set_prereq EXECKEEPSPID
+	test_set_prereq NOT_MINGW
+	test_set_prereq SED_STRIPS_CR
 	;;
 *)
 	test_set_prereq POSIXPERM
@@ -983,6 +1071,41 @@
 test -z "$NO_PERL" && test_set_prereq PERL
 test -z "$NO_PYTHON" && test_set_prereq PYTHON
 
+# Can we rely on git's output in the C locale?
+if test -n "$GETTEXT_POISON"
+then
+	GIT_GETTEXT_POISON=YesPlease
+	export GIT_GETTEXT_POISON
+else
+	test_set_prereq C_LOCALE_OUTPUT
+fi
+
+# Use this instead of test_cmp to compare files that contain expected and
+# actual output from git commands that can be translated.  When running
+# under GETTEXT_POISON this pretends that the command produced expected
+# results.
+test_i18ncmp () {
+	test -n "$GETTEXT_POISON" || test_cmp "$@"
+}
+
+# Use this instead of "grep expected-string actual" to see if the
+# output from a git command that can be translated either contains an
+# expected string, or does not contain an unwanted one.  When running
+# under GETTEXT_POISON this pretends that the command produced expected
+# results.
+test_i18ngrep () {
+	if test -n "$GETTEXT_POISON"
+	then
+	    : # pretend success
+	elif test "x!" = "x$1"
+	then
+		shift
+		! grep "$@"
+	else
+		grep "$@"
+	fi
+}
+
 # test whether the filesystem supports symbolic links
 ln -s x y 2>/dev/null && test -h y 2>/dev/null && test_set_prereq SYMLINKS
 rm -f y
diff --git a/t/t7006/test-terminal.perl b/t/test-terminal.perl
similarity index 63%
rename from t/t7006/test-terminal.perl
rename to t/test-terminal.perl
index 6b5f22a..ee01eb9 100755
--- a/t/t7006/test-terminal.perl
+++ b/t/test-terminal.perl
@@ -5,14 +5,15 @@
 use IO::Pty;
 use File::Copy;
 
-# Run @$argv in the background with stdout redirected to $out.
+# Run @$argv in the background with stdio redirected to $out and $err.
 sub start_child {
-	my ($argv, $out) = @_;
+	my ($argv, $out, $err) = @_;
 	my $pid = fork;
 	if (not defined $pid) {
 		die "fork failed: $!"
 	} elsif ($pid == 0) {
 		open STDOUT, ">&", $out;
+		open STDERR, ">&", $err;
 		close $out;
 		exec(@$argv) or die "cannot exec '$argv->[0]': $!"
 	}
@@ -48,12 +49,28 @@
 	copy($in, $out, 4096) or $!{EIO} or die "cannot copy from child: $!";
 }
 
+sub copy_stdio {
+	my ($out, $err) = @_;
+	my $pid = fork;
+	defined $pid or die "fork failed: $!";
+	if (!$pid) {
+		close($out);
+		xsendfile(\*STDERR, $err);
+		exit 0;
+	}
+	close($err);
+	xsendfile(\*STDOUT, $out);
+	finish_child($pid) == 0
+		or exit 1;
+}
+
 if ($#ARGV < 1) {
 	die "usage: test-terminal program args";
 }
-my $master = new IO::Pty;
-my $slave = $master->slave;
-my $pid = start_child(\@ARGV, $slave);
-close $slave;
-xsendfile(\*STDOUT, $master);
+my $master_out = new IO::Pty;
+my $master_err = new IO::Pty;
+my $pid = start_child(\@ARGV, $master_out->slave, $master_err->slave);
+close $master_out->slave;
+close $master_err->slave;
+copy_stdio($master_out, $master_err);
 exit(finish_child($pid));
diff --git a/t/valgrind/default.supp b/t/valgrind/default.supp
index 9e013fa..0a6724f 100644
--- a/t/valgrind/default.supp
+++ b/t/valgrind/default.supp
@@ -43,3 +43,9 @@
 	fun:write_buffer
 	fun:write_loose_object
 }
+
+{
+	ignore-sse-strlen-invalid-read-size
+	Memcheck:Addr4
+	fun:copy_ref
+}
diff --git a/tag.c b/tag.c
index 28641cf..7d38cc0 100644
--- a/tag.c
+++ b/tag.c
@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 
+#define PGP_SIGNATURE "-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----"
+#define PGP_MESSAGE "-----BEGIN PGP MESSAGE-----"
+
 const char *tag_type = "tag";
 
 struct object *deref_tag(struct object *o, const char *warn, int warnlen)
@@ -53,7 +56,7 @@
 	return strtoul(dateptr, NULL, 10);
 }
 
-int parse_tag_buffer(struct tag *item, void *data, unsigned long size)
+int parse_tag_buffer(struct tag *item, const void *data, unsigned long size)
 {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	char type[20];
@@ -94,7 +97,9 @@
 		item->tagged = NULL;
 	}
 
-	if (prefixcmp(bufptr, "tag "))
+	if (bufptr + 4 < tail && !prefixcmp(bufptr, "tag "))
+		; 		/* good */
+	else
 		return -1;
 	bufptr += 4;
 	nl = memchr(bufptr, '\n', tail - bufptr);
@@ -103,7 +108,7 @@
 	item->tag = xmemdupz(bufptr, nl - bufptr);
 	bufptr = nl + 1;
 
-	if (!prefixcmp(bufptr, "tagger "))
+	if (bufptr + 7 < tail && !prefixcmp(bufptr, "tagger "))
 		item->date = parse_tag_date(bufptr, tail);
 	else
 		item->date = 0;
@@ -133,3 +138,15 @@
 	free(data);
 	return ret;
 }
+
+size_t parse_signature(const char *buf, unsigned long size)
+{
+	char *eol;
+	size_t len = 0;
+	while (len < size && prefixcmp(buf + len, PGP_SIGNATURE) &&
+			prefixcmp(buf + len, PGP_MESSAGE)) {
+		eol = memchr(buf + len, '\n', size - len);
+		len += eol ? eol - (buf + len) + 1 : size - len;
+	}
+	return len;
+}
diff --git a/tag.h b/tag.h
index 4766272..5ee88e6 100644
--- a/tag.h
+++ b/tag.h
@@ -13,8 +13,9 @@
 };
 
 extern struct tag *lookup_tag(const unsigned char *sha1);
-extern int parse_tag_buffer(struct tag *item, void *data, unsigned long size);
+extern int parse_tag_buffer(struct tag *item, const void *data, unsigned long size);
 extern int parse_tag(struct tag *item);
 extern struct object *deref_tag(struct object *, const char *, int);
+extern size_t parse_signature(const char *buf, unsigned long size);
 
 #endif /* TAG_H */
diff --git a/test-line-buffer.c b/test-line-buffer.c
index c11bf7f..7ec9b13 100644
--- a/test-line-buffer.c
+++ b/test-line-buffer.c
@@ -1,14 +1,9 @@
 /*
  * test-line-buffer.c: code to exercise the svn importer's input helper
- *
- * Input format:
- *	number NL
- *	(number bytes) NL
- *	number NL
- *	...
  */
 
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
 #include "vcs-svn/line_buffer.h"
 
 static uint32_t strtouint32(const char *s)
@@ -20,27 +15,78 @@
 	return (uint32_t) n;
 }
 
+static void handle_command(const char *command, const char *arg, struct line_buffer *buf)
+{
+	switch (*command) {
+	case 'b':
+		if (!prefixcmp(command, "binary ")) {
+			struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+			strbuf_addch(&sb, '>');
+			buffer_read_binary(buf, &sb, strtouint32(arg));
+			fwrite(sb.buf, 1, sb.len, stdout);
+			strbuf_release(&sb);
+			return;
+		}
+	case 'c':
+		if (!prefixcmp(command, "copy ")) {
+			buffer_copy_bytes(buf, strtouint32(arg));
+			return;
+		}
+	case 's':
+		if (!prefixcmp(command, "skip ")) {
+			buffer_skip_bytes(buf, strtouint32(arg));
+			return;
+		}
+	default:
+		die("unrecognized command: %s", command);
+	}
+}
+
+static void handle_line(const char *line, struct line_buffer *stdin_buf)
+{
+	const char *arg = strchr(line, ' ');
+	if (!arg)
+		die("no argument in line: %s", line);
+	handle_command(line, arg + 1, stdin_buf);
+}
+
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+	struct line_buffer stdin_buf = LINE_BUFFER_INIT;
+	struct line_buffer file_buf = LINE_BUFFER_INIT;
+	struct line_buffer *input = &stdin_buf;
+	const char *filename;
 	char *s;
 
-	if (argc != 1)
-		usage("test-line-buffer < input.txt");
-	if (buffer_init(NULL))
+	if (argc == 1)
+		filename = NULL;
+	else if (argc == 2)
+		filename = argv[1];
+	else
+		usage("test-line-buffer [file | &fd] < script");
+
+	if (buffer_init(&stdin_buf, NULL))
 		die_errno("open error");
-	while ((s = buffer_read_line())) {
-		s = buffer_read_string(strtouint32(s));
-		fputs(s, stdout);
-		fputc('\n', stdout);
-		buffer_skip_bytes(1);
-		if (!(s = buffer_read_line()))
-			break;
-		buffer_copy_bytes(strtouint32(s) + 1);
+	if (filename) {
+		if (*filename == '&') {
+			if (buffer_fdinit(&file_buf, strtouint32(filename + 1)))
+				die_errno("error opening fd %s", filename + 1);
+		} else {
+			if (buffer_init(&file_buf, filename))
+				die_errno("error opening %s", filename);
+		}
+		input = &file_buf;
 	}
-	if (buffer_deinit())
+
+	while ((s = buffer_read_line(&stdin_buf)))
+		handle_line(s, input);
+
+	if (filename && buffer_deinit(&file_buf))
+		die("error reading from %s", filename);
+	if (buffer_deinit(&stdin_buf))
 		die("input error");
 	if (ferror(stdout))
 		die("output error");
-	buffer_reset();
+	buffer_reset(&stdin_buf);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/test-mktemp.c b/test-mktemp.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c8c5421
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-mktemp.c
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+/*
+ * test-mktemp.c: code to exercise the creation of temporary files
+ */
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	if (argc != 2)
+		usage("Expected 1 parameter defining the temporary file template");
+
+	xmkstemp(xstrdup(argv[1]));
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/test-parse-options.c b/test-parse-options.c
index acd1a2b..4e3710b 100644
--- a/test-parse-options.c
+++ b/test-parse-options.c
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
 		OPT_DATE('t', NULL, &timestamp, "get timestamp of <time>"),
 		OPT_CALLBACK('L', "length", &integer, "str",
 			"get length of <str>", length_callback),
-		OPT_FILENAME('F', "file", &file, "set file to <FILE>"),
+		OPT_FILENAME('F', "file", &file, "set file to <file>"),
 		OPT_GROUP("String options"),
 		OPT_STRING('s', "string", &string, "string", "get a string"),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "string2", &string, "str", "get another string"),
@@ -66,9 +66,9 @@
 		  "negative ambiguity", PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG },
 		OPT_GROUP("Standard options"),
 		OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
-		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
-		OPT__DRY_RUN(&dry_run),
-		OPT__QUIET(&quiet),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "be verbose"),
+		OPT__DRY_RUN(&dry_run, "dry run"),
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, "be quiet"),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 	int i;
diff --git a/test-path-utils.c b/test-path-utils.c
index d261398..e767159 100644
--- a/test-path-utils.c
+++ b/test-path-utils.c
@@ -11,9 +11,9 @@
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	if (argc >= 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "make_absolute_path")) {
+	if (argc >= 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "real_path")) {
 		while (argc > 2) {
-			puts(make_absolute_path(argv[2]));
+			puts(real_path(argv[2]));
 			argc--;
 			argv++;
 		}
diff --git a/test-run-command.c b/test-run-command.c
index 0612bfa..37918e1 100644
--- a/test-run-command.c
+++ b/test-run-command.c
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@
 		fprintf(stderr, "FAIL %s\n", argv[1]);
 		return 1;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "run-command"))
+		exit(run_command(&proc));
 
 	fprintf(stderr, "check usage\n");
 	return 1;
diff --git a/test-subprocess.c b/test-subprocess.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8926bc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-subprocess.c
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	struct child_process cp;
+	int nogit = 0;
+
+	setup_git_directory_gently(&nogit);
+	if (nogit)
+		die("No git repo found");
+	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--setup-work-tree")) {
+		setup_work_tree();
+		argv++;
+	}
+	memset(&cp, 0, sizeof(cp));
+	cp.git_cmd = 1;
+	cp.argv = (const char **)argv+1;
+	return run_command(&cp);
+}
diff --git a/test-svn-fe.c b/test-svn-fe.c
index 77cf78a..b42ba78 100644
--- a/test-svn-fe.c
+++ b/test-svn-fe.c
@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@
 {
 	if (argc != 2)
 		usage("test-svn-fe <file>");
-	svndump_init(argv[1]);
+	if (svndump_init(argv[1]))
+		return 1;
 	svndump_read(NULL);
 	svndump_deinit();
 	svndump_reset();
diff --git a/test-treap.c b/test-treap.c
index cdba511..ab8c951 100644
--- a/test-treap.c
+++ b/test-treap.c
@@ -38,9 +38,14 @@
 		usage("test-treap < ints");
 
 	while (strbuf_getline(&sb, stdin, '\n') != EOF) {
-		item = node_alloc(1);
-		strtonode(node_pointer(item), sb.buf);
-		treap_insert(&root, node_pointer(item));
+		struct int_node *node = node_pointer(node_alloc(1));
+
+		item = node_offset(node);
+		strtonode(node, sb.buf);
+		node = treap_insert(&root, node_pointer(item));
+		if (node_offset(node) != item)
+			die("inserted %"PRIu32" in place of %"PRIu32"",
+				node_offset(node), item);
 	}
 
 	item = node_offset(treap_first(&root));
diff --git a/thread-utils.c b/thread-utils.c
index 589f838..7f4b76a 100644
--- a/thread-utils.c
+++ b/thread-utils.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
-#include <pthread.h>
+#include "thread-utils.h"
 
 #if defined(hpux) || defined(__hpux) || defined(_hpux)
 #  include <sys/pstat.h>
diff --git a/thread-utils.h b/thread-utils.h
index 1727a03..6fb98c3 100644
--- a/thread-utils.h
+++ b/thread-utils.h
@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
 #ifndef THREAD_COMPAT_H
 #define THREAD_COMPAT_H
 
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+#include <pthread.h>
+
 extern int online_cpus(void);
 extern int init_recursive_mutex(pthread_mutex_t*);
 
+#endif
 #endif /* THREAD_COMPAT_H */
diff --git a/trace.c b/trace.c
index bdb5d2f..d953416 100644
--- a/trace.c
+++ b/trace.c
@@ -25,14 +25,10 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 
-void do_nothing(size_t unused)
+/* Get a trace file descriptor from "key" env variable. */
+static int get_trace_fd(const char *key, int *need_close)
 {
-}
-
-/* Get a trace file descriptor from GIT_TRACE env variable. */
-static int get_trace_fd(int *need_close)
-{
-	char *trace = getenv("GIT_TRACE");
+	char *trace = getenv(key);
 
 	if (!trace || !strcmp(trace, "") ||
 	    !strcmp(trace, "0") || !strcasecmp(trace, "false"))
@@ -54,10 +50,10 @@
 		return fd;
 	}
 
-	fprintf(stderr, "What does '%s' for GIT_TRACE mean?\n", trace);
+	fprintf(stderr, "What does '%s' for %s mean?\n", trace, key);
 	fprintf(stderr, "If you want to trace into a file, "
-		"then please set GIT_TRACE to an absolute pathname "
-		"(starting with /).\n");
+		"then please set %s to an absolute pathname "
+		"(starting with /).\n", key);
 	fprintf(stderr, "Defaulting to tracing on stderr...\n");
 
 	return STDERR_FILENO;
@@ -66,33 +62,44 @@
 static const char err_msg[] = "Could not trace into fd given by "
 	"GIT_TRACE environment variable";
 
+void trace_vprintf(const char *key, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (!trace_want(key))
+		return;
+
+	set_try_to_free_routine(NULL);	/* is never reset */
+	strbuf_vaddf(&buf, fmt, ap);
+	trace_strbuf(key, &buf);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void trace_printf_key(const char *key, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	trace_vprintf(key, fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+}
+
 void trace_printf(const char *fmt, ...)
 {
-	struct strbuf buf;
 	va_list ap;
-	int fd, len, need_close = 0;
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	trace_vprintf("GIT_TRACE", fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+}
 
-	fd = get_trace_fd(&need_close);
+void trace_strbuf(const char *key, const struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	int fd, need_close = 0;
+
+	fd = get_trace_fd(key, &need_close);
 	if (!fd)
 		return;
 
-	set_try_to_free_routine(do_nothing);	/* is never reset */
-	strbuf_init(&buf, 64);
-	va_start(ap, fmt);
-	len = vsnprintf(buf.buf, strbuf_avail(&buf), fmt, ap);
-	va_end(ap);
-	if (len >= strbuf_avail(&buf)) {
-		strbuf_grow(&buf, len - strbuf_avail(&buf) + 128);
-		va_start(ap, fmt);
-		len = vsnprintf(buf.buf, strbuf_avail(&buf), fmt, ap);
-		va_end(ap);
-		if (len >= strbuf_avail(&buf))
-			die("broken vsnprintf");
-	}
-	strbuf_setlen(&buf, len);
-
-	write_or_whine_pipe(fd, buf.buf, buf.len, err_msg);
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	write_or_whine_pipe(fd, buf->buf, buf->len, err_msg);
 
 	if (need_close)
 		close(fd);
@@ -100,28 +107,18 @@
 
 void trace_argv_printf(const char **argv, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
-	struct strbuf buf;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	va_list ap;
-	int fd, len, need_close = 0;
+	int fd, need_close = 0;
 
-	fd = get_trace_fd(&need_close);
+	fd = get_trace_fd("GIT_TRACE", &need_close);
 	if (!fd)
 		return;
 
-	set_try_to_free_routine(do_nothing);	/* is never reset */
-	strbuf_init(&buf, 64);
+	set_try_to_free_routine(NULL);	/* is never reset */
 	va_start(ap, fmt);
-	len = vsnprintf(buf.buf, strbuf_avail(&buf), fmt, ap);
+	strbuf_vaddf(&buf, fmt, ap);
 	va_end(ap);
-	if (len >= strbuf_avail(&buf)) {
-		strbuf_grow(&buf, len - strbuf_avail(&buf) + 128);
-		va_start(ap, fmt);
-		len = vsnprintf(buf.buf, strbuf_avail(&buf), fmt, ap);
-		va_end(ap);
-		if (len >= strbuf_avail(&buf))
-			die("broken vsnprintf");
-	}
-	strbuf_setlen(&buf, len);
 
 	sq_quote_argv(&buf, argv, 0);
 	strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
@@ -158,18 +155,34 @@
 /* FIXME: move prefix to startup_info struct and get rid of this arg */
 void trace_repo_setup(const char *prefix)
 {
+	static const char *key = "GIT_TRACE_SETUP";
+	const char *git_work_tree;
 	char cwd[PATH_MAX];
-	char *trace = getenv("GIT_TRACE");
 
-	if (!trace || !strcmp(trace, "") ||
-	    !strcmp(trace, "0") || !strcasecmp(trace, "false"))
+	if (!trace_want(key))
 		return;
 
 	if (!getcwd(cwd, PATH_MAX))
 		die("Unable to get current working directory");
 
-	trace_printf("setup: git_dir: %s\n", quote_crnl(get_git_dir()));
-	trace_printf("setup: worktree: %s\n", quote_crnl(get_git_work_tree()));
-	trace_printf("setup: cwd: %s\n", quote_crnl(cwd));
-	trace_printf("setup: prefix: %s\n", quote_crnl(prefix));
+	if (!(git_work_tree = get_git_work_tree()))
+		git_work_tree = "(null)";
+
+	if (!prefix)
+		prefix = "(null)";
+
+	trace_printf_key(key, "setup: git_dir: %s\n", quote_crnl(get_git_dir()));
+	trace_printf_key(key, "setup: worktree: %s\n", quote_crnl(git_work_tree));
+	trace_printf_key(key, "setup: cwd: %s\n", quote_crnl(cwd));
+	trace_printf_key(key, "setup: prefix: %s\n", quote_crnl(prefix));
+}
+
+int trace_want(const char *key)
+{
+	const char *trace = getenv(key);
+
+	if (!trace || !strcmp(trace, "") ||
+	    !strcmp(trace, "0") || !strcasecmp(trace, "false"))
+		return 0;
+	return 1;
 }
diff --git a/transport-helper.c b/transport-helper.c
index acfc88e..660147f 100644
--- a/transport-helper.c
+++ b/transport-helper.c
@@ -8,11 +8,11 @@
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "remote.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
+#include "thread-utils.h"
 
 static int debug;
 
-struct helper_data
-{
+struct helper_data {
 	const char *name;
 	struct child_process *helper;
 	FILE *out;
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
 		die_errno("Full write to remote helper failed");
 }
 
-const char *remove_ext_force(const char *url)
+static const char *remove_ext_force(const char *url)
 {
 	if (url) {
 		const char *colon = strchr(url, ':');
@@ -561,10 +561,9 @@
 	int mirror = flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR;
 	struct helper_data *data = transport->data;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct child_process *helper;
 	struct ref *ref;
 
-	helper = get_helper(transport);
+	get_helper(transport);
 	if (!data->push)
 		return 1;
 
@@ -862,3 +861,314 @@
 	transport->smart_options = &(data->transport_options);
 	return 0;
 }
+
+/*
+ * Linux pipes can buffer 65536 bytes at once (and most platforms can
+ * buffer less), so attempt reads and writes with up to that size.
+ */
+#define BUFFERSIZE 65536
+/* This should be enough to hold debugging message. */
+#define PBUFFERSIZE 8192
+
+/* Print bidirectional transfer loop debug message. */
+static void transfer_debug(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list args;
+	char msgbuf[PBUFFERSIZE];
+	static int debug_enabled = -1;
+
+	if (debug_enabled < 0)
+		debug_enabled = getenv("GIT_TRANSLOOP_DEBUG") ? 1 : 0;
+	if (!debug_enabled)
+		return;
+
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	vsnprintf(msgbuf, PBUFFERSIZE, fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+	fprintf(stderr, "Transfer loop debugging: %s\n", msgbuf);
+}
+
+/* Stream state: More data may be coming in this direction. */
+#define SSTATE_TRANSFERING 0
+/*
+ * Stream state: No more data coming in this direction, flushing rest of
+ * data.
+ */
+#define SSTATE_FLUSHING 1
+/* Stream state: Transfer in this direction finished. */
+#define SSTATE_FINISHED 2
+
+#define STATE_NEEDS_READING(state) ((state) <= SSTATE_TRANSFERING)
+#define STATE_NEEDS_WRITING(state) ((state) <= SSTATE_FLUSHING)
+#define STATE_NEEDS_CLOSING(state) ((state) == SSTATE_FLUSHING)
+
+/* Unidirectional transfer. */
+struct unidirectional_transfer {
+	/* Source */
+	int src;
+	/* Destination */
+	int dest;
+	/* Is source socket? */
+	int src_is_sock;
+	/* Is destination socket? */
+	int dest_is_sock;
+	/* Transfer state (TRANSFERING/FLUSHING/FINISHED) */
+	int state;
+	/* Buffer. */
+	char buf[BUFFERSIZE];
+	/* Buffer used. */
+	size_t bufuse;
+	/* Name of source. */
+	const char *src_name;
+	/* Name of destination. */
+	const char *dest_name;
+};
+
+/* Closes the target (for writing) if transfer has finished. */
+static void udt_close_if_finished(struct unidirectional_transfer *t)
+{
+	if (STATE_NEEDS_CLOSING(t->state) && !t->bufuse) {
+		t->state = SSTATE_FINISHED;
+		if (t->dest_is_sock)
+			shutdown(t->dest, SHUT_WR);
+		else
+			close(t->dest);
+		transfer_debug("Closed %s.", t->dest_name);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Tries to read read data from source into buffer. If buffer is full,
+ * no data is read. Returns 0 on success, -1 on error.
+ */
+static int udt_do_read(struct unidirectional_transfer *t)
+{
+	ssize_t bytes;
+
+	if (t->bufuse == BUFFERSIZE)
+		return 0;	/* No space for more. */
+
+	transfer_debug("%s is readable", t->src_name);
+	bytes = read(t->src, t->buf + t->bufuse, BUFFERSIZE - t->bufuse);
+	if (bytes < 0 && errno != EWOULDBLOCK && errno != EAGAIN &&
+		errno != EINTR) {
+		error("read(%s) failed: %s", t->src_name, strerror(errno));
+		return -1;
+	} else if (bytes == 0) {
+		transfer_debug("%s EOF (with %i bytes in buffer)",
+			t->src_name, t->bufuse);
+		t->state = SSTATE_FLUSHING;
+	} else if (bytes > 0) {
+		t->bufuse += bytes;
+		transfer_debug("Read %i bytes from %s (buffer now at %i)",
+			(int)bytes, t->src_name, (int)t->bufuse);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Tries to write data from buffer into destination. If buffer is empty,
+ * no data is written. Returns 0 on success, -1 on error.
+ */
+static int udt_do_write(struct unidirectional_transfer *t)
+{
+	ssize_t bytes;
+
+	if (t->bufuse == 0)
+		return 0;	/* Nothing to write. */
+
+	transfer_debug("%s is writable", t->dest_name);
+	bytes = write(t->dest, t->buf, t->bufuse);
+	if (bytes < 0 && errno != EWOULDBLOCK && errno != EAGAIN &&
+		errno != EINTR) {
+		error("write(%s) failed: %s", t->dest_name, strerror(errno));
+		return -1;
+	} else if (bytes > 0) {
+		t->bufuse -= bytes;
+		if (t->bufuse)
+			memmove(t->buf, t->buf + bytes, t->bufuse);
+		transfer_debug("Wrote %i bytes to %s (buffer now at %i)",
+			(int)bytes, t->dest_name, (int)t->bufuse);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+/* State of bidirectional transfer loop. */
+struct bidirectional_transfer_state {
+	/* Direction from program to git. */
+	struct unidirectional_transfer ptg;
+	/* Direction from git to program. */
+	struct unidirectional_transfer gtp;
+};
+
+static void *udt_copy_task_routine(void *udt)
+{
+	struct unidirectional_transfer *t = (struct unidirectional_transfer *)udt;
+	while (t->state != SSTATE_FINISHED) {
+		if (STATE_NEEDS_READING(t->state))
+			if (udt_do_read(t))
+				return NULL;
+		if (STATE_NEEDS_WRITING(t->state))
+			if (udt_do_write(t))
+				return NULL;
+		if (STATE_NEEDS_CLOSING(t->state))
+			udt_close_if_finished(t);
+	}
+	return udt;	/* Just some non-NULL value. */
+}
+
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+
+/*
+ * Join thread, with apporiate errors on failure. Name is name for the
+ * thread (for error messages). Returns 0 on success, 1 on failure.
+ */
+static int tloop_join(pthread_t thread, const char *name)
+{
+	int err;
+	void *tret;
+	err = pthread_join(thread, &tret);
+	if (!tret) {
+		error("%s thread failed", name);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	if (err) {
+		error("%s thread failed to join: %s", name, strerror(err));
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Spawn the transfer tasks and then wait for them. Returns 0 on success,
+ * -1 on failure.
+ */
+static int tloop_spawnwait_tasks(struct bidirectional_transfer_state *s)
+{
+	pthread_t gtp_thread;
+	pthread_t ptg_thread;
+	int err;
+	int ret = 0;
+	err = pthread_create(&gtp_thread, NULL, udt_copy_task_routine,
+		&s->gtp);
+	if (err)
+		die("Can't start thread for copying data: %s", strerror(err));
+	err = pthread_create(&ptg_thread, NULL, udt_copy_task_routine,
+		&s->ptg);
+	if (err)
+		die("Can't start thread for copying data: %s", strerror(err));
+
+	ret |= tloop_join(gtp_thread, "Git to program copy");
+	ret |= tloop_join(ptg_thread, "Program to git copy");
+	return ret;
+}
+#else
+
+/* Close the source and target (for writing) for transfer. */
+static void udt_kill_transfer(struct unidirectional_transfer *t)
+{
+	t->state = SSTATE_FINISHED;
+	/*
+	 * Socket read end left open isn't a disaster if nobody
+	 * attempts to read from it (mingw compat headers do not
+	 * have SHUT_RD)...
+	 *
+	 * We can't fully close the socket since otherwise gtp
+	 * task would first close the socket it sends data to
+	 * while closing the ptg file descriptors.
+	 */
+	if (!t->src_is_sock)
+		close(t->src);
+	if (t->dest_is_sock)
+		shutdown(t->dest, SHUT_WR);
+	else
+		close(t->dest);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Join process, with apporiate errors on failure. Name is name for the
+ * process (for error messages). Returns 0 on success, 1 on failure.
+ */
+static int tloop_join(pid_t pid, const char *name)
+{
+	int tret;
+	if (waitpid(pid, &tret, 0) < 0) {
+		error("%s process failed to wait: %s", name, strerror(errno));
+		return 1;
+	}
+	if (!WIFEXITED(tret) || WEXITSTATUS(tret)) {
+		error("%s process failed", name);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Spawn the transfer tasks and then wait for them. Returns 0 on success,
+ * -1 on failure.
+ */
+static int tloop_spawnwait_tasks(struct bidirectional_transfer_state *s)
+{
+	pid_t pid1, pid2;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	/* Fork thread #1: git to program. */
+	pid1 = fork();
+	if (pid1 < 0)
+		die_errno("Can't start thread for copying data");
+	else if (pid1 == 0) {
+		udt_kill_transfer(&s->ptg);
+		exit(udt_copy_task_routine(&s->gtp) ? 0 : 1);
+	}
+
+	/* Fork thread #2: program to git. */
+	pid2 = fork();
+	if (pid2 < 0)
+		die_errno("Can't start thread for copying data");
+	else if (pid2 == 0) {
+		udt_kill_transfer(&s->gtp);
+		exit(udt_copy_task_routine(&s->ptg) ? 0 : 1);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Close both streams in parent as to not interfere with
+	 * end of file detection and wait for both tasks to finish.
+	 */
+	udt_kill_transfer(&s->gtp);
+	udt_kill_transfer(&s->ptg);
+	ret |= tloop_join(pid1, "Git to program copy");
+	ret |= tloop_join(pid2, "Program to git copy");
+	return ret;
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Copies data from stdin to output and from input to stdout simultaneously.
+ * Additionally filtering through given filter. If filter is NULL, uses
+ * identity filter.
+ */
+int bidirectional_transfer_loop(int input, int output)
+{
+	struct bidirectional_transfer_state state;
+
+	/* Fill the state fields. */
+	state.ptg.src = input;
+	state.ptg.dest = 1;
+	state.ptg.src_is_sock = (input == output);
+	state.ptg.dest_is_sock = 0;
+	state.ptg.state = SSTATE_TRANSFERING;
+	state.ptg.bufuse = 0;
+	state.ptg.src_name = "remote input";
+	state.ptg.dest_name = "stdout";
+
+	state.gtp.src = 0;
+	state.gtp.dest = output;
+	state.gtp.src_is_sock = 0;
+	state.gtp.dest_is_sock = (input == output);
+	state.gtp.state = SSTATE_TRANSFERING;
+	state.gtp.bufuse = 0;
+	state.gtp.src_name = "stdin";
+	state.gtp.dest_name = "remote output";
+
+	return tloop_spawnwait_tasks(&state);
+}
diff --git a/transport.c b/transport.c
index 4dba6f8..69dae71 100644
--- a/transport.c
+++ b/transport.c
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@
 			continue;
 		if (!ref->peer_ref)
 			continue;
-		if (!ref->new_sha1 || is_null_sha1(ref->new_sha1))
+		if (is_null_sha1(ref->new_sha1))
 			continue;
 
 		/* Follow symbolic refs (mainly for HEAD). */
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@
 static struct ref *get_refs_via_rsync(struct transport *transport, int for_push)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, temp_dir = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct ref dummy = {0}, *tail = &dummy;
+	struct ref dummy = {NULL}, *tail = &dummy;
 	struct child_process rsync;
 	const char *args[5];
 	int temp_dir_len;
@@ -789,6 +789,7 @@
 	args.use_thin_pack = data->options.thin;
 	args.verbose = (transport->verbose > 0);
 	args.quiet = (transport->verbose < 0);
+	args.progress = transport->progress;
 	args.dry_run = !!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN);
 	args.porcelain = !!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_PORCELAIN);
 
@@ -1188,3 +1189,37 @@
 literal_copy:
 	return xstrdup(url);
 }
+
+int refs_from_alternate_cb(struct alternate_object_database *e, void *cb)
+{
+	char *other;
+	size_t len;
+	struct remote *remote;
+	struct transport *transport;
+	const struct ref *extra;
+	alternate_ref_fn *ref_fn = cb;
+
+	e->name[-1] = '\0';
+	other = xstrdup(real_path(e->base));
+	e->name[-1] = '/';
+	len = strlen(other);
+
+	while (other[len-1] == '/')
+		other[--len] = '\0';
+	if (len < 8 || memcmp(other + len - 8, "/objects", 8))
+		return 0;
+	/* Is this a git repository with refs? */
+	memcpy(other + len - 8, "/refs", 6);
+	if (!is_directory(other))
+		return 0;
+	other[len - 8] = '\0';
+	remote = remote_get(other);
+	transport = transport_get(remote, other);
+	for (extra = transport_get_remote_refs(transport);
+	     extra;
+	     extra = extra->next)
+		ref_fn(extra, NULL);
+	transport_disconnect(transport);
+	free(other);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/transport.h b/transport.h
index c59d973..efb1968 100644
--- a/transport.h
+++ b/transport.h
@@ -154,6 +154,7 @@
 
 /* Transport methods defined outside transport.c */
 int transport_helper_init(struct transport *transport, const char *name);
+int bidirectional_transfer_loop(int input, int output);
 
 /* common methods used by transport.c and builtin-send-pack.c */
 void transport_verify_remote_names(int nr_heads, const char **heads);
@@ -165,4 +166,7 @@
 void transport_print_push_status(const char *dest, struct ref *refs,
 		  int verbose, int porcelain, int *nonfastforward);
 
+typedef void alternate_ref_fn(const struct ref *, void *);
+extern int refs_from_alternate_cb(struct alternate_object_database *e, void *cb);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/tree-diff.c b/tree-diff.c
index 12c9a88..76f83fc 100644
--- a/tree-diff.c
+++ b/tree-diff.c
@@ -6,34 +6,17 @@
 #include "diffcore.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 
-static char *malloc_base(const char *base, int baselen, const char *path, int pathlen)
-{
-	char *newbase = xmalloc(baselen + pathlen + 2);
-	memcpy(newbase, base, baselen);
-	memcpy(newbase + baselen, path, pathlen);
-	memcpy(newbase + baselen + pathlen, "/", 2);
-	return newbase;
-}
+static void show_entry(struct diff_options *opt, const char *prefix,
+		       struct tree_desc *desc, struct strbuf *base);
 
-static char *malloc_fullname(const char *base, int baselen, const char *path, int pathlen)
-{
-	char *fullname = xmalloc(baselen + pathlen + 1);
-	memcpy(fullname, base, baselen);
-	memcpy(fullname + baselen, path, pathlen);
-	fullname[baselen + pathlen] = 0;
-	return fullname;
-}
-
-static void show_entry(struct diff_options *opt, const char *prefix, struct tree_desc *desc,
-		       const char *base, int baselen);
-
-static int compare_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *t1, struct tree_desc *t2, const char *base, int baselen, struct diff_options *opt)
+static int compare_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *t1, struct tree_desc *t2,
+			      struct strbuf *base, struct diff_options *opt)
 {
 	unsigned mode1, mode2;
 	const char *path1, *path2;
 	const unsigned char *sha1, *sha2;
 	int cmp, pathlen1, pathlen2;
-	char *fullname;
+	int old_baselen = base->len;
 
 	sha1 = tree_entry_extract(t1, &path1, &mode1);
 	sha2 = tree_entry_extract(t2, &path2, &mode2);
@@ -42,11 +25,11 @@
 	pathlen2 = tree_entry_len(path2, sha2);
 	cmp = base_name_compare(path1, pathlen1, mode1, path2, pathlen2, mode2);
 	if (cmp < 0) {
-		show_entry(opt, "-", t1, base, baselen);
+		show_entry(opt, "-", t1, base);
 		return -1;
 	}
 	if (cmp > 0) {
-		show_entry(opt, "+", t2, base, baselen);
+		show_entry(opt, "+", t2, base);
 		return 1;
 	}
 	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, FIND_COPIES_HARDER) && !hashcmp(sha1, sha2) && mode1 == mode2)
@@ -57,149 +40,29 @@
 	 * file, we need to consider it a remove and an add.
 	 */
 	if (S_ISDIR(mode1) != S_ISDIR(mode2)) {
-		show_entry(opt, "-", t1, base, baselen);
-		show_entry(opt, "+", t2, base, baselen);
+		show_entry(opt, "-", t1, base);
+		show_entry(opt, "+", t2, base);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	strbuf_add(base, path1, pathlen1);
 	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, RECURSIVE) && S_ISDIR(mode1)) {
-		int retval;
-		char *newbase = malloc_base(base, baselen, path1, pathlen1);
 		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, TREE_IN_RECURSIVE)) {
-			newbase[baselen + pathlen1] = 0;
 			opt->change(opt, mode1, mode2,
-				    sha1, sha2, newbase, 0, 0);
-			newbase[baselen + pathlen1] = '/';
+				    sha1, sha2, base->buf, 0, 0);
 		}
-		retval = diff_tree_sha1(sha1, sha2, newbase, opt);
-		free(newbase);
-		return retval;
+		strbuf_addch(base, '/');
+		diff_tree_sha1(sha1, sha2, base->buf, opt);
+	} else {
+		opt->change(opt, mode1, mode2, sha1, sha2, base->buf, 0, 0);
 	}
-
-	fullname = malloc_fullname(base, baselen, path1, pathlen1);
-	opt->change(opt, mode1, mode2, sha1, sha2, fullname, 0, 0);
-	free(fullname);
+	strbuf_setlen(base, old_baselen);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-/*
- * Is a tree entry interesting given the pathspec we have?
- *
- * Pre-condition: baselen == 0 || base[baselen-1] == '/'
- *
- * Return:
- *  - 2 for "yes, and all subsequent entries will be"
- *  - 1 for yes
- *  - zero for no
- *  - negative for "no, and no subsequent entries will be either"
- */
-static int tree_entry_interesting(struct tree_desc *desc, const char *base, int baselen, struct diff_options *opt)
-{
-	const char *path;
-	const unsigned char *sha1;
-	unsigned mode;
-	int i;
-	int pathlen;
-	int never_interesting = -1;
-
-	if (!opt->nr_paths)
-		return 2;
-
-	sha1 = tree_entry_extract(desc, &path, &mode);
-
-	pathlen = tree_entry_len(path, sha1);
-
-	for (i = 0; i < opt->nr_paths; i++) {
-		const char *match = opt->paths[i];
-		int matchlen = opt->pathlens[i];
-		int m = -1; /* signals that we haven't called strncmp() */
-
-		if (baselen >= matchlen) {
-			/* If it doesn't match, move along... */
-			if (strncmp(base, match, matchlen))
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * If the base is a subdirectory of a path which
-			 * was specified, all of them are interesting.
-			 */
-			if (!matchlen ||
-			    base[matchlen] == '/' ||
-			    match[matchlen - 1] == '/')
-				return 2;
-
-			/* Just a random prefix match */
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/* Does the base match? */
-		if (strncmp(base, match, baselen))
-			continue;
-
-		match += baselen;
-		matchlen -= baselen;
-
-		if (never_interesting) {
-			/*
-			 * We have not seen any match that sorts later
-			 * than the current path.
-			 */
-
-			/*
-			 * Does match sort strictly earlier than path
-			 * with their common parts?
-			 */
-			m = strncmp(match, path,
-				    (matchlen < pathlen) ? matchlen : pathlen);
-			if (m < 0)
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * If we come here even once, that means there is at
-			 * least one pathspec that would sort equal to or
-			 * later than the path we are currently looking at.
-			 * In other words, if we have never reached this point
-			 * after iterating all pathspecs, it means all
-			 * pathspecs are either outside of base, or inside the
-			 * base but sorts strictly earlier than the current
-			 * one.  In either case, they will never match the
-			 * subsequent entries.  In such a case, we initialized
-			 * the variable to -1 and that is what will be
-			 * returned, allowing the caller to terminate early.
-			 */
-			never_interesting = 0;
-		}
-
-		if (pathlen > matchlen)
-			continue;
-
-		if (matchlen > pathlen) {
-			if (match[pathlen] != '/')
-				continue;
-			if (!S_ISDIR(mode))
-				continue;
-		}
-
-		if (m == -1)
-			/*
-			 * we cheated and did not do strncmp(), so we do
-			 * that here.
-			 */
-			m = strncmp(match, path, pathlen);
-
-		/*
-		 * If common part matched earlier then it is a hit,
-		 * because we rejected the case where path is not a
-		 * leading directory and is shorter than match.
-		 */
-		if (!m)
-			return 1;
-	}
-	return never_interesting; /* No matches */
-}
-
 /* A whole sub-tree went away or appeared */
-static void show_tree(struct diff_options *opt, const char *prefix, struct tree_desc *desc, const char *base, int baselen)
+static void show_tree(struct diff_options *opt, const char *prefix,
+		      struct tree_desc *desc, struct strbuf *base)
 {
 	int all_interesting = 0;
 	while (desc->size) {
@@ -208,31 +71,32 @@
 		if (all_interesting)
 			show = 1;
 		else {
-			show = tree_entry_interesting(desc, base, baselen,
-						      opt);
+			show = tree_entry_interesting(&desc->entry, base, 0,
+						      &opt->pathspec);
 			if (show == 2)
 				all_interesting = 1;
 		}
 		if (show < 0)
 			break;
 		if (show)
-			show_entry(opt, prefix, desc, base, baselen);
+			show_entry(opt, prefix, desc, base);
 		update_tree_entry(desc);
 	}
 }
 
 /* A file entry went away or appeared */
-static void show_entry(struct diff_options *opt, const char *prefix, struct tree_desc *desc,
-		       const char *base, int baselen)
+static void show_entry(struct diff_options *opt, const char *prefix,
+		       struct tree_desc *desc, struct strbuf *base)
 {
 	unsigned mode;
 	const char *path;
 	const unsigned char *sha1 = tree_entry_extract(desc, &path, &mode);
 	int pathlen = tree_entry_len(path, sha1);
+	int old_baselen = base->len;
 
+	strbuf_add(base, path, pathlen);
 	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, RECURSIVE) && S_ISDIR(mode)) {
 		enum object_type type;
-		char *newbase = malloc_base(base, baselen, path, pathlen);
 		struct tree_desc inner;
 		void *tree;
 		unsigned long size;
@@ -241,28 +105,25 @@
 		if (!tree || type != OBJ_TREE)
 			die("corrupt tree sha %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 
-		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, TREE_IN_RECURSIVE)) {
-			newbase[baselen + pathlen] = 0;
-			opt->add_remove(opt, *prefix, mode, sha1, newbase, 0);
-			newbase[baselen + pathlen] = '/';
-		}
+		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, TREE_IN_RECURSIVE))
+			opt->add_remove(opt, *prefix, mode, sha1, base->buf, 0);
+
+		strbuf_addch(base, '/');
 
 		init_tree_desc(&inner, tree, size);
-		show_tree(opt, prefix, &inner, newbase, baselen + 1 + pathlen);
-
+		show_tree(opt, prefix, &inner, base);
 		free(tree);
-		free(newbase);
-	} else {
-		char *fullname = malloc_fullname(base, baselen, path, pathlen);
-		opt->add_remove(opt, prefix[0], mode, sha1, fullname, 0);
-		free(fullname);
-	}
+	} else
+		opt->add_remove(opt, prefix[0], mode, sha1, base->buf, 0);
+
+	strbuf_setlen(base, old_baselen);
 }
 
-static void skip_uninteresting(struct tree_desc *t, const char *base, int baselen, struct diff_options *opt, int *all_interesting)
+static void skip_uninteresting(struct tree_desc *t, struct strbuf *base,
+			       struct diff_options *opt, int *all_interesting)
 {
 	while (t->size) {
-		int show = tree_entry_interesting(t, base, baselen, opt);
+		int show = tree_entry_interesting(&t->entry, base, 0, &opt->pathspec);
 		if (show == 2)
 			*all_interesting = 1;
 		if (!show) {
@@ -276,37 +137,44 @@
 	}
 }
 
-int diff_tree(struct tree_desc *t1, struct tree_desc *t2, const char *base, struct diff_options *opt)
+int diff_tree(struct tree_desc *t1, struct tree_desc *t2,
+	      const char *base_str, struct diff_options *opt)
 {
-	int baselen = strlen(base);
+	struct strbuf base;
+	int baselen = strlen(base_str);
 	int all_t1_interesting = 0;
 	int all_t2_interesting = 0;
 
+	/* Enable recursion indefinitely */
+	opt->pathspec.recursive = DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, RECURSIVE);
+	opt->pathspec.max_depth = -1;
+
+	strbuf_init(&base, PATH_MAX);
+	strbuf_add(&base, base_str, baselen);
+
 	for (;;) {
 		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, QUICK) &&
 		    DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, HAS_CHANGES))
 			break;
-		if (opt->nr_paths) {
+		if (opt->pathspec.nr) {
 			if (!all_t1_interesting)
-				skip_uninteresting(t1, base, baselen, opt,
-						   &all_t1_interesting);
+				skip_uninteresting(t1, &base, opt, &all_t1_interesting);
 			if (!all_t2_interesting)
-				skip_uninteresting(t2, base, baselen, opt,
-						   &all_t2_interesting);
+				skip_uninteresting(t2, &base, opt, &all_t2_interesting);
 		}
 		if (!t1->size) {
 			if (!t2->size)
 				break;
-			show_entry(opt, "+", t2, base, baselen);
+			show_entry(opt, "+", t2, &base);
 			update_tree_entry(t2);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!t2->size) {
-			show_entry(opt, "-", t1, base, baselen);
+			show_entry(opt, "-", t1, &base);
 			update_tree_entry(t1);
 			continue;
 		}
-		switch (compare_tree_entry(t1, t2, base, baselen, opt)) {
+		switch (compare_tree_entry(t1, t2, &base, opt)) {
 		case -1:
 			update_tree_entry(t1);
 			continue;
@@ -319,6 +187,8 @@
 		}
 		die("git diff-tree: internal error");
 	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&base);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -349,7 +219,7 @@
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&diff_opts, RECURSIVE);
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&diff_opts, FIND_COPIES_HARDER);
 	diff_opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
-	diff_opts.single_follow = opt->paths[0];
+	diff_opts.single_follow = opt->pathspec.raw[0];
 	diff_opts.break_opt = opt->break_opt;
 	paths[0] = NULL;
 	diff_tree_setup_paths(paths, &diff_opts);
@@ -369,15 +239,16 @@
 		 * diff_queued_diff, we will also use that as the path in
 		 * the future!
 		 */
-		if ((p->status == 'R' || p->status == 'C') && !strcmp(p->two->path, opt->paths[0])) {
+		if ((p->status == 'R' || p->status == 'C') &&
+		    !strcmp(p->two->path, opt->pathspec.raw[0])) {
 			/* Switch the file-pairs around */
 			q->queue[i] = choice;
 			choice = p;
 
 			/* Update the path we use from now on.. */
 			diff_tree_release_paths(opt);
-			opt->paths[0] = xstrdup(p->one->path);
-			diff_tree_setup_paths(opt->paths, opt);
+			opt->pathspec.raw[0] = xstrdup(p->one->path);
+			diff_tree_setup_paths(opt->pathspec.raw, opt);
 
 			/*
 			 * The caller expects us to return a set of vanilla
@@ -452,36 +323,12 @@
 	return retval;
 }
 
-static int count_paths(const char **paths)
-{
-	int i = 0;
-	while (*paths++)
-		i++;
-	return i;
-}
-
 void diff_tree_release_paths(struct diff_options *opt)
 {
-	free(opt->pathlens);
+	free_pathspec(&opt->pathspec);
 }
 
 void diff_tree_setup_paths(const char **p, struct diff_options *opt)
 {
-	opt->nr_paths = 0;
-	opt->pathlens = NULL;
-	opt->paths = NULL;
-
-	if (p) {
-		int i;
-
-		opt->paths = p;
-		opt->nr_paths = count_paths(p);
-		if (opt->nr_paths == 0) {
-			opt->pathlens = NULL;
-			return;
-		}
-		opt->pathlens = xmalloc(opt->nr_paths * sizeof(int));
-		for (i=0; i < opt->nr_paths; i++)
-			opt->pathlens[i] = strlen(p[i]);
-	}
+	init_pathspec(&opt->pathspec, p);
 }
diff --git a/tree-walk.c b/tree-walk.c
index a9bbf4e..322becc 100644
--- a/tree-walk.c
+++ b/tree-walk.c
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "unpack-trees.h"
+#include "dir.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 
 static const char *get_mode(const char *str, unsigned int *modep)
@@ -455,3 +456,186 @@
 	free(tree);
 	return retval;
 }
+
+static int match_entry(const struct name_entry *entry, int pathlen,
+		       const char *match, int matchlen,
+		       int *never_interesting)
+{
+	int m = -1; /* signals that we haven't called strncmp() */
+
+	if (*never_interesting) {
+		/*
+		 * We have not seen any match that sorts later
+		 * than the current path.
+		 */
+
+		/*
+		 * Does match sort strictly earlier than path
+		 * with their common parts?
+		 */
+		m = strncmp(match, entry->path,
+			    (matchlen < pathlen) ? matchlen : pathlen);
+		if (m < 0)
+			return 0;
+
+		/*
+		 * If we come here even once, that means there is at
+		 * least one pathspec that would sort equal to or
+		 * later than the path we are currently looking at.
+		 * In other words, if we have never reached this point
+		 * after iterating all pathspecs, it means all
+		 * pathspecs are either outside of base, or inside the
+		 * base but sorts strictly earlier than the current
+		 * one.  In either case, they will never match the
+		 * subsequent entries.  In such a case, we initialized
+		 * the variable to -1 and that is what will be
+		 * returned, allowing the caller to terminate early.
+		 */
+		*never_interesting = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (pathlen > matchlen)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (matchlen > pathlen) {
+		if (match[pathlen] != '/')
+			return 0;
+		if (!S_ISDIR(entry->mode))
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (m == -1)
+		/*
+		 * we cheated and did not do strncmp(), so we do
+		 * that here.
+		 */
+		m = strncmp(match, entry->path, pathlen);
+
+	/*
+	 * If common part matched earlier then it is a hit,
+	 * because we rejected the case where path is not a
+	 * leading directory and is shorter than match.
+	 */
+	if (!m)
+		return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int match_dir_prefix(const char *base, int baselen,
+			    const char *match, int matchlen)
+{
+	if (strncmp(base, match, matchlen))
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * If the base is a subdirectory of a path which
+	 * was specified, all of them are interesting.
+	 */
+	if (!matchlen ||
+	    base[matchlen] == '/' ||
+	    match[matchlen - 1] == '/')
+		return 1;
+
+	/* Just a random prefix match */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Is a tree entry interesting given the pathspec we have?
+ *
+ * Pre-condition: either baselen == base_offset (i.e. empty path)
+ * or base[baselen-1] == '/' (i.e. with trailing slash).
+ *
+ * Return:
+ *  - 2 for "yes, and all subsequent entries will be"
+ *  - 1 for yes
+ *  - zero for no
+ *  - negative for "no, and no subsequent entries will be either"
+ */
+int tree_entry_interesting(const struct name_entry *entry,
+			   struct strbuf *base, int base_offset,
+			   const struct pathspec *ps)
+{
+	int i;
+	int pathlen, baselen = base->len - base_offset;
+	int never_interesting = ps->has_wildcard ? 0 : -1;
+
+	if (!ps->nr) {
+		if (!ps->recursive || ps->max_depth == -1)
+			return 2;
+		return !!within_depth(base->buf + base_offset, baselen,
+				      !!S_ISDIR(entry->mode),
+				      ps->max_depth);
+	}
+
+	pathlen = tree_entry_len(entry->path, entry->sha1);
+
+	for (i = ps->nr - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+		const struct pathspec_item *item = ps->items+i;
+		const char *match = item->match;
+		const char *base_str = base->buf + base_offset;
+		int matchlen = item->len;
+
+		if (baselen >= matchlen) {
+			/* If it doesn't match, move along... */
+			if (!match_dir_prefix(base_str, baselen, match, matchlen))
+				goto match_wildcards;
+
+			if (!ps->recursive || ps->max_depth == -1)
+				return 2;
+
+			return !!within_depth(base_str + matchlen + 1,
+					      baselen - matchlen - 1,
+					      !!S_ISDIR(entry->mode),
+					      ps->max_depth);
+		}
+
+		/* Does the base match? */
+		if (!strncmp(base_str, match, baselen)) {
+			if (match_entry(entry, pathlen,
+					match + baselen, matchlen - baselen,
+					&never_interesting))
+				return 1;
+
+			if (ps->items[i].has_wildcard) {
+				if (!fnmatch(match + baselen, entry->path, 0))
+					return 1;
+
+				/*
+				 * Match all directories. We'll try to
+				 * match files later on.
+				 */
+				if (ps->recursive && S_ISDIR(entry->mode))
+					return 1;
+			}
+
+			continue;
+		}
+
+match_wildcards:
+		if (!ps->items[i].has_wildcard)
+			continue;
+
+		/*
+		 * Concatenate base and entry->path into one and do
+		 * fnmatch() on it.
+		 */
+
+		strbuf_add(base, entry->path, pathlen);
+
+		if (!fnmatch(match, base->buf + base_offset, 0)) {
+			strbuf_setlen(base, base_offset + baselen);
+			return 1;
+		}
+		strbuf_setlen(base, base_offset + baselen);
+
+		/*
+		 * Match all directories. We'll try to match files
+		 * later on.
+		 */
+		if (ps->recursive && S_ISDIR(entry->mode))
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return never_interesting; /* No matches */
+}
diff --git a/tree-walk.h b/tree-walk.h
index 7e3e0b5..39524b7 100644
--- a/tree-walk.h
+++ b/tree-walk.h
@@ -60,4 +60,6 @@
 	return info->pathlen + tree_entry_len(n->path, n->sha1);
 }
 
+extern int tree_entry_interesting(const struct name_entry *, struct strbuf *, int, const struct pathspec *ps);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/unpack-trees.c b/unpack-trees.c
index 803445a..500ebcf 100644
--- a/unpack-trees.c
+++ b/unpack-trees.c
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
  * situation better.  See how "git checkout" and "git merge" replaces
  * them using setup_unpack_trees_porcelain(), for example.
  */
-const char *unpack_plumbing_errors[NB_UNPACK_TREES_ERROR_TYPES] = {
+static const char *unpack_plumbing_errors[NB_UNPACK_TREES_ERROR_TYPES] = {
 	/* ERROR_WOULD_OVERWRITE */
 	"Entry '%s' would be overwritten by merge. Cannot merge.",
 
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@
 void setup_unpack_trees_porcelain(struct unpack_trees_options *opts,
 				  const char *cmd)
 {
+	int i;
 	const char **msgs = opts->msgs;
 	const char *msg;
 	char *tmp;
@@ -96,6 +97,9 @@
 		"The following Working tree files would be removed by sparse checkout update:\n%s";
 
 	opts->show_all_errors = 1;
+	/* rejected paths may not have a static buffer */
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(opts->unpack_rejects); i++)
+		opts->unpack_rejects[i].strdup_strings = 1;
 }
 
 static void add_entry(struct unpack_trees_options *o, struct cache_entry *ce,
@@ -124,7 +128,6 @@
 			     enum unpack_trees_error_types e,
 			     const char *path)
 {
-	struct rejected_paths_list *newentry;
 	if (!o->show_all_errors)
 		return error(ERRORMSG(o, e), path);
 
@@ -132,45 +135,28 @@
 	 * Otherwise, insert in a list for future display by
 	 * display_error_msgs()
 	 */
-	newentry = xmalloc(sizeof(struct rejected_paths_list));
-	newentry->path = (char *)path;
-	newentry->next = o->unpack_rejects[e];
-	o->unpack_rejects[e] = newentry;
+	string_list_append(&o->unpack_rejects[e], path);
 	return -1;
 }
 
 /*
- * free all the structures allocated for the error <e>
- */
-static void free_rejected_paths(struct unpack_trees_options *o,
-				enum unpack_trees_error_types e)
-{
-	while (o->unpack_rejects[e]) {
-		struct rejected_paths_list *del = o->unpack_rejects[e];
-		o->unpack_rejects[e] = o->unpack_rejects[e]->next;
-		free(del);
-	}
-	free(o->unpack_rejects[e]);
-}
-
-/*
  * display all the error messages stored in a nice way
  */
 static void display_error_msgs(struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
-	int e;
+	int e, i;
 	int something_displayed = 0;
 	for (e = 0; e < NB_UNPACK_TREES_ERROR_TYPES; e++) {
-		if (o->unpack_rejects[e]) {
-			struct rejected_paths_list *rp;
+		struct string_list *rejects = &o->unpack_rejects[e];
+		if (rejects->nr > 0) {
 			struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
 			something_displayed = 1;
-			for (rp = o->unpack_rejects[e]; rp; rp = rp->next)
-				strbuf_addf(&path, "\t%s\n", rp->path);
+			for (i = 0; i < rejects->nr; i++)
+				strbuf_addf(&path, "\t%s\n", rejects->items[i].string);
 			error(ERRORMSG(o, e), path.buf);
 			strbuf_release(&path);
-			free_rejected_paths(o, e);
 		}
+		string_list_clear(rejects, 0);
 	}
 	if (something_displayed)
 		printf("Aborting\n");
@@ -182,7 +168,7 @@
  */
 static void unlink_entry(struct cache_entry *ce)
 {
-	if (has_symlink_or_noent_leading_path(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce)))
+	if (!check_leading_path(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce)))
 		return;
 	if (remove_or_warn(ce->ce_mode, ce->name))
 		return;
@@ -245,20 +231,11 @@
 static int verify_uptodate_sparse(struct cache_entry *ce, struct unpack_trees_options *o);
 static int verify_absent_sparse(struct cache_entry *ce, enum unpack_trees_error_types, struct unpack_trees_options *o);
 
-static int will_have_skip_worktree(const struct cache_entry *ce, struct unpack_trees_options *o)
-{
-	const char *basename;
-
-	basename = strrchr(ce->name, '/');
-	basename = basename ? basename+1 : ce->name;
-	return excluded_from_list(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), basename, NULL, o->el) <= 0;
-}
-
 static int apply_sparse_checkout(struct cache_entry *ce, struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
 	int was_skip_worktree = ce_skip_worktree(ce);
 
-	if (!ce_stage(ce) && will_have_skip_worktree(ce, o))
+	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_NEW_SKIP_WORKTREE)
 		ce->ce_flags |= CE_SKIP_WORKTREE;
 	else
 		ce->ce_flags &= ~CE_SKIP_WORKTREE;
@@ -333,7 +310,7 @@
 {
 	int i;
 	for (i = 0; i < index->cache_nr; i++)
-		index->cache[i]->ce_flags &= ~CE_UNPACKED;
+		index->cache[i]->ce_flags &= ~(CE_UNPACKED | CE_ADDED | CE_NEW_SKIP_WORKTREE);
 }
 
 static int locate_in_src_index(struct cache_entry *ce,
@@ -404,7 +381,7 @@
 static int unpack_index_entry(struct cache_entry *ce,
 			      struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
-	struct cache_entry *src[5] = { NULL };
+	struct cache_entry *src[MAX_UNPACK_TREES + 1] = { NULL, };
 	int ret;
 
 	src[0] = ce;
@@ -450,7 +427,10 @@
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static int traverse_trees_recursive(int n, unsigned long dirmask, unsigned long df_conflicts, struct name_entry *names, struct traverse_info *info)
+static int traverse_trees_recursive(int n, unsigned long dirmask,
+				    unsigned long df_conflicts,
+				    struct name_entry *names,
+				    struct traverse_info *info)
 {
 	int i, ret, bottom;
 	struct tree_desc t[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
@@ -834,9 +814,177 @@
 	return mask;
 }
 
+/* Whole directory matching */
+static int clear_ce_flags_dir(struct cache_entry **cache, int nr,
+			      char *prefix, int prefix_len,
+			      char *basename,
+			      int select_mask, int clear_mask,
+			      struct exclude_list *el)
+{
+	struct cache_entry **cache_end = cache + nr;
+	int dtype = DT_DIR;
+	int ret = excluded_from_list(prefix, prefix_len, basename, &dtype, el);
+
+	prefix[prefix_len++] = '/';
+
+	/* included, no clearing for any entries under this directory */
+	if (!ret) {
+		for (; cache != cache_end; cache++) {
+			struct cache_entry *ce = *cache;
+			if (strncmp(ce->name, prefix, prefix_len))
+				break;
+		}
+		return nr - (cache_end - cache);
+	}
+
+	/* excluded, clear all selected entries under this directory. */
+	if (ret == 1) {
+		for (; cache != cache_end; cache++) {
+			struct cache_entry *ce = *cache;
+			if (select_mask && !(ce->ce_flags & select_mask))
+				continue;
+			if (strncmp(ce->name, prefix, prefix_len))
+				break;
+			ce->ce_flags &= ~clear_mask;
+		}
+		return nr - (cache_end - cache);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Traverse the index, find every entry that matches according to
+ * o->el. Do "ce_flags &= ~clear_mask" on those entries. Return the
+ * number of traversed entries.
+ *
+ * If select_mask is non-zero, only entries whose ce_flags has on of
+ * those bits enabled are traversed.
+ *
+ * cache	: pointer to an index entry
+ * prefix_len	: an offset to its path
+ *
+ * The current path ("prefix") including the trailing '/' is
+ *   cache[0]->name[0..(prefix_len-1)]
+ * Top level path has prefix_len zero.
+ */
+static int clear_ce_flags_1(struct cache_entry **cache, int nr,
+			    char *prefix, int prefix_len,
+			    int select_mask, int clear_mask,
+			    struct exclude_list *el)
+{
+	struct cache_entry **cache_end = cache + nr;
+
+	/*
+	 * Process all entries that have the given prefix and meet
+	 * select_mask condition
+	 */
+	while(cache != cache_end) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = *cache;
+		const char *name, *slash;
+		int len, dtype;
+
+		if (select_mask && !(ce->ce_flags & select_mask)) {
+			cache++;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (prefix_len && strncmp(ce->name, prefix, prefix_len))
+			break;
+
+		name = ce->name + prefix_len;
+		slash = strchr(name, '/');
+
+		/* If it's a directory, try whole directory match first */
+		if (slash) {
+			int processed;
+
+			len = slash - name;
+			memcpy(prefix + prefix_len, name, len);
+
+			/*
+			 * terminate the string (no trailing slash),
+			 * clear_c_f_dir needs it
+			 */
+			prefix[prefix_len + len] = '\0';
+			processed = clear_ce_flags_dir(cache, cache_end - cache,
+						       prefix, prefix_len + len,
+						       prefix + prefix_len,
+						       select_mask, clear_mask,
+						       el);
+
+			/* clear_c_f_dir eats a whole dir already? */
+			if (processed) {
+				cache += processed;
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			prefix[prefix_len + len++] = '/';
+			cache += clear_ce_flags_1(cache, cache_end - cache,
+						  prefix, prefix_len + len,
+						  select_mask, clear_mask, el);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* Non-directory */
+		dtype = ce_to_dtype(ce);
+		if (excluded_from_list(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), name, &dtype, el) > 0)
+			ce->ce_flags &= ~clear_mask;
+		cache++;
+	}
+	return nr - (cache_end - cache);
+}
+
+static int clear_ce_flags(struct cache_entry **cache, int nr,
+			    int select_mask, int clear_mask,
+			    struct exclude_list *el)
+{
+	char prefix[PATH_MAX];
+	return clear_ce_flags_1(cache, nr,
+				prefix, 0,
+				select_mask, clear_mask,
+				el);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Set/Clear CE_NEW_SKIP_WORKTREE according to $GIT_DIR/info/sparse-checkout
+ */
+static void mark_new_skip_worktree(struct exclude_list *el,
+				   struct index_state *the_index,
+				   int select_flag, int skip_wt_flag)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	/*
+	 * 1. Pretend the narrowest worktree: only unmerged entries
+	 * are checked out
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < the_index->cache_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = the_index->cache[i];
+
+		if (select_flag && !(ce->ce_flags & select_flag))
+			continue;
+
+		if (!ce_stage(ce))
+			ce->ce_flags |= skip_wt_flag;
+		else
+			ce->ce_flags &= ~skip_wt_flag;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * 2. Widen worktree according to sparse-checkout file.
+	 * Matched entries will have skip_wt_flag cleared (i.e. "in")
+	 */
+	clear_ce_flags(the_index->cache, the_index->cache_nr,
+		       select_flag, skip_wt_flag, el);
+}
+
+static int verify_absent(struct cache_entry *, enum unpack_trees_error_types, struct unpack_trees_options *);
 /*
  * N-way merge "len" trees.  Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure to manipulate the
  * resulting index, -2 on failure to reflect the changes to the work tree.
+ *
+ * CE_ADDED, CE_UNPACKED and CE_NEW_SKIP_WORKTREE are used internally
  */
 int unpack_trees(unsigned len, struct tree_desc *t, struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
@@ -869,6 +1017,12 @@
 	o->merge_size = len;
 	mark_all_ce_unused(o->src_index);
 
+	/*
+	 * Sparse checkout loop #1: set NEW_SKIP_WORKTREE on existing entries
+	 */
+	if (!o->skip_sparse_checkout)
+		mark_new_skip_worktree(o->el, o->src_index, 0, CE_NEW_SKIP_WORKTREE);
+
 	if (!dfc)
 		dfc = xcalloc(1, cache_entry_size(0));
 	o->df_conflict_entry = dfc;
@@ -922,9 +1076,29 @@
 
 	if (!o->skip_sparse_checkout) {
 		int empty_worktree = 1;
-		for (i = 0;i < o->result.cache_nr;i++) {
+
+		/*
+		 * Sparse checkout loop #2: set NEW_SKIP_WORKTREE on entries not in loop #1
+		 * If the will have NEW_SKIP_WORKTREE, also set CE_SKIP_WORKTREE
+		 * so apply_sparse_checkout() won't attempt to remove it from worktree
+		 */
+		mark_new_skip_worktree(o->el, &o->result, CE_ADDED, CE_SKIP_WORKTREE | CE_NEW_SKIP_WORKTREE);
+
+		for (i = 0; i < o->result.cache_nr; i++) {
 			struct cache_entry *ce = o->result.cache[i];
 
+			/*
+			 * Entries marked with CE_ADDED in merged_entry() do not have
+			 * verify_absent() check (the check is effectively disabled
+			 * because CE_NEW_SKIP_WORKTREE is set unconditionally).
+			 *
+			 * Do the real check now because we have had
+			 * correct CE_NEW_SKIP_WORKTREE
+			 */
+			if (ce->ce_flags & CE_ADDED &&
+			    verify_absent(ce, ERROR_WOULD_LOSE_UNTRACKED_OVERWRITTEN, o))
+					return -1;
+
 			if (apply_sparse_checkout(ce, o)) {
 				ret = -1;
 				goto done;
@@ -934,6 +1108,7 @@
 
 		}
 		if (o->result.cache_nr && empty_worktree) {
+			/* dubious---why should this fail??? */
 			ret = unpack_failed(o, "Sparse checkout leaves no entry on working directory");
 			goto done;
 		}
@@ -945,11 +1120,7 @@
 		*o->dst_index = o->result;
 
 done:
-	for (i = 0;i < el.nr;i++)
-		free(el.excludes[i]);
-	if (el.excludes)
-		free(el.excludes);
-
+	free_excludes(&el);
 	return ret;
 
 return_failed:
@@ -1017,7 +1188,7 @@
 static int verify_uptodate(struct cache_entry *ce,
 			   struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
-	if (!o->skip_sparse_checkout && will_have_skip_worktree(ce, o))
+	if (!o->skip_sparse_checkout && (ce->ce_flags & CE_NEW_SKIP_WORKTREE))
 		return 0;
 	return verify_uptodate_1(ce, o, ERROR_NOT_UPTODATE_FILE);
 }
@@ -1127,14 +1298,65 @@
  * See if we can find a case-insensitive match in the index that also
  * matches the stat information, and assume it's that other file!
  */
-static int icase_exists(struct unpack_trees_options *o, struct cache_entry *dst, struct stat *st)
+static int icase_exists(struct unpack_trees_options *o, const char *name, int len, struct stat *st)
 {
 	struct cache_entry *src;
 
-	src = index_name_exists(o->src_index, dst->name, ce_namelen(dst), 1);
+	src = index_name_exists(o->src_index, name, len, 1);
 	return src && !ie_match_stat(o->src_index, src, st, CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID|CE_MATCH_IGNORE_SKIP_WORKTREE);
 }
 
+static int check_ok_to_remove(const char *name, int len, int dtype,
+			      struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st,
+			      enum unpack_trees_error_types error_type,
+			      struct unpack_trees_options *o)
+{
+	struct cache_entry *result;
+
+	/*
+	 * It may be that the 'lstat()' succeeded even though
+	 * target 'ce' was absent, because there is an old
+	 * entry that is different only in case..
+	 *
+	 * Ignore that lstat() if it matches.
+	 */
+	if (ignore_case && icase_exists(o, name, len, st))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (o->dir && excluded(o->dir, name, &dtype))
+		/*
+		 * ce->name is explicitly excluded, so it is Ok to
+		 * overwrite it.
+		 */
+		return 0;
+	if (S_ISDIR(st->st_mode)) {
+		/*
+		 * We are checking out path "foo" and
+		 * found "foo/." in the working tree.
+		 * This is tricky -- if we have modified
+		 * files that are in "foo/" we would lose
+		 * them.
+		 */
+		if (verify_clean_subdirectory(ce, error_type, o) < 0)
+			return -1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * The previous round may already have decided to
+	 * delete this path, which is in a subdirectory that
+	 * is being replaced with a blob.
+	 */
+	result = index_name_exists(&o->result, name, len, 0);
+	if (result) {
+		if (result->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	return o->gently ? -1 :
+		add_rejected_path(o, error_type, name);
+}
+
 /*
  * We do not want to remove or overwrite a working tree file that
  * is not tracked, unless it is ignored.
@@ -1143,68 +1365,42 @@
 				 enum unpack_trees_error_types error_type,
 				 struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
+	int len;
 	struct stat st;
 
 	if (o->index_only || o->reset || !o->update)
 		return 0;
 
-	if (has_symlink_or_noent_leading_path(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce)))
+	len = check_leading_path(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce));
+	if (!len)
 		return 0;
+	else if (len > 0) {
+		char path[PATH_MAX + 1];
+		memcpy(path, ce->name, len);
+		path[len] = 0;
+		if (lstat(path, &st))
+			return error("cannot stat '%s': %s", path,
+					strerror(errno));
 
-	if (!lstat(ce->name, &st)) {
-		int dtype = ce_to_dtype(ce);
-		struct cache_entry *result;
-
-		/*
-		 * It may be that the 'lstat()' succeeded even though
-		 * target 'ce' was absent, because there is an old
-		 * entry that is different only in case..
-		 *
-		 * Ignore that lstat() if it matches.
-		 */
-		if (ignore_case && icase_exists(o, ce, &st))
-			return 0;
-
-		if (o->dir && excluded(o->dir, ce->name, &dtype))
-			/*
-			 * ce->name is explicitly excluded, so it is Ok to
-			 * overwrite it.
-			 */
-			return 0;
-		if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
-			/*
-			 * We are checking out path "foo" and
-			 * found "foo/." in the working tree.
-			 * This is tricky -- if we have modified
-			 * files that are in "foo/" we would lose
-			 * them.
-			 */
-			if (verify_clean_subdirectory(ce, error_type, o) < 0)
-				return -1;
-			return 0;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * The previous round may already have decided to
-		 * delete this path, which is in a subdirectory that
-		 * is being replaced with a blob.
-		 */
-		result = index_name_exists(&o->result, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0);
-		if (result) {
-			if (result->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)
-				return 0;
-		}
-
-		return o->gently ? -1 :
-			add_rejected_path(o, error_type, ce->name);
+		return check_ok_to_remove(path, len, DT_UNKNOWN, NULL, &st,
+				error_type, o);
+	} else if (lstat(ce->name, &st)) {
+		if (errno != ENOENT)
+			return error("cannot stat '%s': %s", ce->name,
+				     strerror(errno));
+		return 0;
+	} else {
+		return check_ok_to_remove(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce),
+					  ce_to_dtype(ce), ce, &st,
+					  error_type, o);
 	}
-	return 0;
 }
+
 static int verify_absent(struct cache_entry *ce,
 			 enum unpack_trees_error_types error_type,
 			 struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
-	if (!o->skip_sparse_checkout && will_have_skip_worktree(ce, o))
+	if (!o->skip_sparse_checkout && (ce->ce_flags & CE_NEW_SKIP_WORKTREE))
 		return 0;
 	return verify_absent_1(ce, error_type, o);
 }
@@ -1226,10 +1422,23 @@
 	int update = CE_UPDATE;
 
 	if (!old) {
+		/*
+		 * New index entries. In sparse checkout, the following
+		 * verify_absent() will be delayed until after
+		 * traverse_trees() finishes in unpack_trees(), then:
+		 *
+		 *  - CE_NEW_SKIP_WORKTREE will be computed correctly
+		 *  - verify_absent() be called again, this time with
+		 *    correct CE_NEW_SKIP_WORKTREE
+		 *
+		 * verify_absent() call here does nothing in sparse
+		 * checkout (i.e. o->skip_sparse_checkout == 0)
+		 */
+		update |= CE_ADDED;
+		merge->ce_flags |= CE_NEW_SKIP_WORKTREE;
+
 		if (verify_absent(merge, ERROR_WOULD_LOSE_UNTRACKED_OVERWRITTEN, o))
 			return -1;
-		if (!o->skip_sparse_checkout && will_have_skip_worktree(merge, o))
-			update |= CE_SKIP_WORKTREE;
 		invalidate_ce_path(merge, o);
 	} else if (!(old->ce_flags & CE_CONFLICTED)) {
 		/*
@@ -1245,8 +1454,8 @@
 		} else {
 			if (verify_uptodate(old, o))
 				return -1;
-			if (ce_skip_worktree(old))
-				update |= CE_SKIP_WORKTREE;
+			/* Migrate old flags over */
+			update |= old->ce_flags & (CE_SKIP_WORKTREE | CE_NEW_SKIP_WORKTREE);
 			invalidate_ce_path(old, o);
 		}
 	} else {
diff --git a/unpack-trees.h b/unpack-trees.h
index 7c0187d..cd11a08 100644
--- a/unpack-trees.h
+++ b/unpack-trees.h
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #ifndef UNPACK_TREES_H
 #define UNPACK_TREES_H
 
+#include "string-list.h"
+
 #define MAX_UNPACK_TREES 8
 
 struct unpack_trees_options;
@@ -29,11 +31,6 @@
 void setup_unpack_trees_porcelain(struct unpack_trees_options *opts,
 				  const char *cmd);
 
-struct rejected_paths_list {
-	char *path;
-	struct rejected_paths_list *next;
-};
-
 struct unpack_trees_options {
 	unsigned int reset,
 		     merge,
@@ -59,7 +56,7 @@
 	 * Store error messages in an array, each case
 	 * corresponding to a error message type
 	 */
-	struct rejected_paths_list *unpack_rejects[NB_UNPACK_TREES_ERROR_TYPES];
+	struct string_list unpack_rejects[NB_UNPACK_TREES_ERROR_TYPES];
 
 	int head_idx;
 	int merge_size;
diff --git a/upload-pack.c b/upload-pack.c
index f05e422..ce5cbbe 100644
--- a/upload-pack.c
+++ b/upload-pack.c
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 static unsigned long oldest_have;
 
 static int multi_ack, nr_our_refs;
+static int no_done;
 static int use_thin_pack, use_ofs_delta, use_include_tag;
 static int no_progress, daemon_mode;
 static int shallow_nr;
@@ -156,15 +157,8 @@
 	const char *argv[10];
 	int arg = 0;
 
-	if (shallow_nr) {
-		memset(&rev_list, 0, sizeof(rev_list));
-		rev_list.proc = do_rev_list;
-		rev_list.out = -1;
-		if (start_async(&rev_list))
-			die("git upload-pack: unable to fork git-rev-list");
-		argv[arg++] = "pack-objects";
-	} else {
-		argv[arg++] = "pack-objects";
+	argv[arg++] = "pack-objects";
+	if (!shallow_nr) {
 		argv[arg++] = "--revs";
 		if (create_full_pack)
 			argv[arg++] = "--all";
@@ -182,7 +176,7 @@
 	argv[arg++] = NULL;
 
 	memset(&pack_objects, 0, sizeof(pack_objects));
-	pack_objects.in = shallow_nr ? rev_list.out : -1;
+	pack_objects.in = -1;
 	pack_objects.out = -1;
 	pack_objects.err = -1;
 	pack_objects.git_cmd = 1;
@@ -191,8 +185,14 @@
 	if (start_command(&pack_objects))
 		die("git upload-pack: unable to fork git-pack-objects");
 
-	/* pass on revisions we (don't) want */
-	if (!shallow_nr) {
+	if (shallow_nr) {
+		memset(&rev_list, 0, sizeof(rev_list));
+		rev_list.proc = do_rev_list;
+		rev_list.out = pack_objects.in;
+		if (start_async(&rev_list))
+			die("git upload-pack: unable to fork git-rev-list");
+	}
+	else {
 		FILE *pipe_fd = xfdopen(pack_objects.in, "w");
 		if (!create_full_pack) {
 			int i;
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@
 {
 	struct commit_list *work = NULL;
 
-	insert_by_date(want, &work);
+	commit_list_insert_by_date(want, &work);
 	while (work) {
 		struct commit_list *list = work->next;
 		struct commit *commit = work->item;
@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@
 		for (list = commit->parents; list; list = list->next) {
 			struct commit *parent = list->item;
 			if (!(parent->object.flags & REACHABLE))
-				insert_by_date(parent, &work);
+				commit_list_insert_by_date(parent, &work);
 		}
 	}
 	want->object.flags |= REACHABLE;
@@ -429,6 +429,9 @@
 	static char line[1000];
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	char last_hex[41];
+	int got_common = 0;
+	int got_other = 0;
+	int sent_ready = 0;
 
 	save_commit_buffer = 0;
 
@@ -437,25 +440,40 @@
 		reset_timeout();
 
 		if (!len) {
+			if (multi_ack == 2 && got_common
+			    && !got_other && ok_to_give_up()) {
+				sent_ready = 1;
+				packet_write(1, "ACK %s ready\n", last_hex);
+			}
 			if (have_obj.nr == 0 || multi_ack)
 				packet_write(1, "NAK\n");
+
+			if (no_done && sent_ready) {
+				packet_write(1, "ACK %s\n", last_hex);
+				return 0;
+			}
 			if (stateless_rpc)
 				exit(0);
+			got_common = 0;
+			got_other = 0;
 			continue;
 		}
 		strip(line, len);
 		if (!prefixcmp(line, "have ")) {
 			switch (got_sha1(line+5, sha1)) {
 			case -1: /* they have what we do not */
+				got_other = 1;
 				if (multi_ack && ok_to_give_up()) {
 					const char *hex = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
-					if (multi_ack == 2)
+					if (multi_ack == 2) {
+						sent_ready = 1;
 						packet_write(1, "ACK %s ready\n", hex);
-					else
+					} else
 						packet_write(1, "ACK %s continue\n", hex);
 				}
 				break;
 			default:
+				got_common = 1;
 				memcpy(last_hex, sha1_to_hex(sha1), 41);
 				if (multi_ack == 2)
 					packet_write(1, "ACK %s common\n", last_hex);
@@ -526,6 +544,8 @@
 			multi_ack = 2;
 		else if (strstr(line+45, "multi_ack"))
 			multi_ack = 1;
+		if (strstr(line+45, "no-done"))
+			no_done = 1;
 		if (strstr(line+45, "thin-pack"))
 			use_thin_pack = 1;
 		if (strstr(line+45, "ofs-delta"))
@@ -626,8 +646,9 @@
 		die("git upload-pack: cannot find object %s:", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 
 	if (capabilities)
-		packet_write(1, "%s %s%c%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), refname,
-			0, capabilities);
+		packet_write(1, "%s %s%c%s%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), refname,
+			     0, capabilities,
+			     stateless_rpc ? " no-done" : "");
 	else
 		packet_write(1, "%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), refname);
 	capabilities = NULL;
@@ -682,6 +703,7 @@
 	int i;
 	int strict = 0;
 
+	packet_trace_identity("upload-pack");
 	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 	read_replace_refs = 0;
 
diff --git a/url.c b/url.c
index cd8f74f..3e06fd3 100644
--- a/url.c
+++ b/url.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "url.h"
 
 int is_urlschemechar(int first_flag, int ch)
 {
@@ -125,3 +126,17 @@
 	struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT;
 	return url_decode_internal(query, "&", &out, 1);
 }
+
+void end_url_with_slash(struct strbuf *buf, const char *url)
+{
+	strbuf_addstr(buf, url);
+	if (buf->len && buf->buf[buf->len - 1] != '/')
+		strbuf_addstr(buf, "/");
+}
+
+void str_end_url_with_slash(const char *url, char **dest) {
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	end_url_with_slash(&buf, url);
+	free(*dest);
+	*dest = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+}
diff --git a/url.h b/url.h
index 15817f8..7100e32 100644
--- a/url.h
+++ b/url.h
@@ -7,4 +7,7 @@
 extern char *url_decode_parameter_name(const char **query);
 extern char *url_decode_parameter_value(const char **query);
 
+extern void end_url_with_slash(struct strbuf *buf, const char *url);
+extern void str_end_url_with_slash(const char *url, char **dest);
+
 #endif /* URL_H */
diff --git a/usage.c b/usage.c
index ec4cf53..b5e67e3 100644
--- a/usage.c
+++ b/usage.c
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
 	die_routine = routine;
 }
 
-void usagef(const char *err, ...)
+void NORETURN usagef(const char *err, ...)
 {
 	va_list params;
 
@@ -55,12 +55,12 @@
 	va_end(params);
 }
 
-void usage(const char *err)
+void NORETURN usage(const char *err)
 {
 	usagef("%s", err);
 }
 
-void die(const char *err, ...)
+void NORETURN die(const char *err, ...)
 {
 	va_list params;
 
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@
 	va_end(params);
 }
 
-void die_errno(const char *fmt, ...)
+void NORETURN die_errno(const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	va_list params;
 	char fmt_with_err[1024];
diff --git a/userdiff.c b/userdiff.c
index f9e05b5..1ff4797 100644
--- a/userdiff.c
+++ b/userdiff.c
@@ -8,9 +8,11 @@
 static int drivers_alloc;
 
 #define PATTERNS(name, pattern, word_regex)			\
-	{ name, NULL, -1, { pattern, REG_EXTENDED }, word_regex }
+	{ name, NULL, -1, { pattern, REG_EXTENDED },		\
+	  word_regex "|[^[:space:]]|[\xc0-\xff][\x80-\xbf]+" }
 #define IPATTERN(name, pattern, word_regex)			\
-	{ name, NULL, -1, { pattern, REG_EXTENDED | REG_ICASE }, word_regex }
+	{ name, NULL, -1, { pattern, REG_EXTENDED | REG_ICASE }, \
+	  word_regex "|[^[:space:]]|[\xc0-\xff][\x80-\xbf]+" }
 static struct userdiff_driver builtin_drivers[] = {
 IPATTERN("fortran",
 	 "!^([C*]|[ \t]*!)\n"
@@ -24,10 +26,9 @@
 	  * Don't worry about format statements without leading digits since
 	  * they would have been matched above as a variable anyway. */
 	 "|[-+]?[0-9.]+([AaIiDdEeFfLlTtXx][Ss]?[-+]?[0-9.]*)?(_[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9_]*)?"
-	 "|//|\\*\\*|::|[/<>=]="
-	 "|[^[:space:]]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+	 "|//|\\*\\*|::|[/<>=]="),
 PATTERNS("html", "^[ \t]*(<[Hh][1-6][ \t].*>.*)$",
-	 "[^<>= \t]+|[^[:space:]]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+	 "[^<>= \t]+"),
 PATTERNS("java",
 	 "!^[ \t]*(catch|do|for|if|instanceof|new|return|switch|throw|while)\n"
 	 "^[ \t]*(([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*[ \t]+)+[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*[ \t]*\\([^;]*)$",
@@ -35,8 +36,7 @@
 	 "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
 	 "|[-+0-9.e]+[fFlL]?|0[xXbB]?[0-9a-fA-F]+[lL]?"
 	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!]="
-	 "|--|\\+\\+|<<=?|>>>?=?|&&|\\|\\|"
-	 "|[^[:space:]]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+	 "|--|\\+\\+|<<=?|>>>?=?|&&|\\|\\|"),
 PATTERNS("objc",
 	 /* Negate C statements that can look like functions */
 	 "!^[ \t]*(do|for|if|else|return|switch|while)\n"
@@ -49,43 +49,54 @@
 	 /* -- */
 	 "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
 	 "|[-+0-9.e]+[fFlL]?|0[xXbB]?[0-9a-fA-F]+[lL]?"
-	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!]=|--|\\+\\+|<<=?|>>=?|&&|\\|\\||::|->"
-	 "|[^[:space:]]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!]=|--|\\+\\+|<<=?|>>=?|&&|\\|\\||::|->"),
 PATTERNS("pascal",
-	 "^((procedure|function|constructor|destructor|interface|"
+	 "^(((class[ \t]+)?(procedure|function)|constructor|destructor|interface|"
 		"implementation|initialization|finalization)[ \t]*.*)$"
 	 "\n"
 	 "^(.*=[ \t]*(class|record).*)$",
 	 /* -- */
 	 "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
 	 "|[-+0-9.e]+|0[xXbB]?[0-9a-fA-F]+"
-	 "|<>|<=|>=|:=|\\.\\."
-	 "|[^[:space:]]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+	 "|<>|<=|>=|:=|\\.\\."),
+PATTERNS("perl",
+	 "^[ \t]*package .*;\n"
+	 "^[ \t]*sub .* \\{\n"
+	 "^[A-Z]+ \\{\n"	/* BEGIN, END, ... */
+	 "^=head[0-9] ",	/* POD */
+	 /* -- */
+	 "[[:alpha:]_'][[:alnum:]_']*"
+	 "|0[xb]?[0-9a-fA-F_]*"
+	 /* taking care not to interpret 3..5 as (3.)(.5) */
+	 "|[0-9a-fA-F_]+(\\.[0-9a-fA-F_]+)?([eE][-+]?[0-9_]+)?"
+	 "|=>|-[rwxoRWXOezsfdlpSugkbctTBMAC>]|~~|::"
+	 "|&&=|\\|\\|=|//=|\\*\\*="
+	 "|&&|\\|\\||//|\\+\\+|--|\\*\\*|\\.\\.\\.?"
+	 "|[-+*/%.^&<>=!|]="
+	 "|=~|!~"
+	 "|<<|<>|<=>|>>"),
 PATTERNS("php",
 	 "^[\t ]*(((public|protected|private|static)[\t ]+)*function.*)$\n"
 	 "^[\t ]*(class.*)$",
 	 /* -- */
 	 "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
 	 "|[-+0-9.e]+|0[xXbB]?[0-9a-fA-F]+"
-	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!.]=|--|\\+\\+|<<=?|>>=?|===|&&|\\|\\||::|->"
-	 "|[^[:space:]]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!.]=|--|\\+\\+|<<=?|>>=?|===|&&|\\|\\||::|->"),
 PATTERNS("python", "^[ \t]*((class|def)[ \t].*)$",
 	 /* -- */
 	 "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
 	 "|[-+0-9.e]+[jJlL]?|0[xX]?[0-9a-fA-F]+[lL]?"
-	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!]=|//=?|<<=?|>>=?|\\*\\*=?"
-	 "|[^[:space:]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!]=|//=?|<<=?|>>=?|\\*\\*=?"),
 	 /* -- */
 PATTERNS("ruby", "^[ \t]*((class|module|def)[ \t].*)$",
 	 /* -- */
 	 "(@|@@|\\$)?[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
 	 "|[-+0-9.e]+|0[xXbB]?[0-9a-fA-F]+|\\?(\\\\C-)?(\\\\M-)?."
-	 "|//=?|[-+*/<>%&^|=!]=|<<=?|>>=?|===|\\.{1,3}|::|[!=]~"
-	 "|[^[:space:]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+	 "|//=?|[-+*/<>%&^|=!]=|<<=?|>>=?|===|\\.{1,3}|::|[!=]~"),
 PATTERNS("bibtex", "(@[a-zA-Z]{1,}[ \t]*\\{{0,1}[ \t]*[^ \t\"@',\\#}{~%]*).*$",
 	 "[={}\"]|[^={}\" \t]+"),
 PATTERNS("tex", "^(\\\\((sub)*section|chapter|part)\\*{0,1}\\{.*)$",
-	 "\\\\[a-zA-Z@]+|\\\\.|[a-zA-Z0-9\x80-\xff]+|[^[:space:]]"),
+	 "\\\\[a-zA-Z@]+|\\\\.|[a-zA-Z0-9\x80-\xff]+"),
 PATTERNS("cpp",
 	 /* Jump targets or access declarations */
 	 "!^[ \t]*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*:.*$\n"
@@ -96,8 +107,7 @@
 	 /* -- */
 	 "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
 	 "|[-+0-9.e]+[fFlL]?|0[xXbB]?[0-9a-fA-F]+[lL]?"
-	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!]=|--|\\+\\+|<<=?|>>=?|&&|\\|\\||::|->"
-	 "|[^[:space:]]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!]=|--|\\+\\+|<<=?|>>=?|&&|\\|\\||::|->"),
 PATTERNS("csharp",
 	 /* Keywords */
 	 "!^[ \t]*(do|while|for|if|else|instanceof|new|return|switch|case|throw|catch|using)\n"
@@ -112,8 +122,7 @@
 	 /* -- */
 	 "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
 	 "|[-+0-9.e]+[fFlL]?|0[xXbB]?[0-9a-fA-F]+[lL]?"
-	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!]=|--|\\+\\+|<<=?|>>=?|&&|\\|\\||::|->"
-	 "|[^[:space:]]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!]=|--|\\+\\+|<<=?|>>=?|&&|\\|\\||::|->"),
 { "default", NULL, -1, { NULL, 0 } },
 };
 #undef PATTERNS
diff --git a/utf8.c b/utf8.c
index 84cfc72..8acbc66 100644
--- a/utf8.c
+++ b/utf8.c
@@ -405,6 +405,15 @@
 	}
 }
 
+int strbuf_add_wrapped_bytes(struct strbuf *buf, const char *data, int len,
+			     int indent, int indent2, int width)
+{
+	char *tmp = xstrndup(data, len);
+	int r = strbuf_add_wrapped_text(buf, tmp, indent, indent2, width);
+	free(tmp);
+	return r;
+}
+
 int is_encoding_utf8(const char *name)
 {
 	if (!name)
diff --git a/utf8.h b/utf8.h
index ebc4d2f..81f2c82 100644
--- a/utf8.h
+++ b/utf8.h
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@
 
 int strbuf_add_wrapped_text(struct strbuf *buf,
 		const char *text, int indent, int indent2, int width);
+int strbuf_add_wrapped_bytes(struct strbuf *buf, const char *data, int len,
+			     int indent, int indent2, int width);
 
 #ifndef NO_ICONV
 char *reencode_string(const char *in, const char *out_encoding, const char *in_encoding);
diff --git a/vcs-svn/fast_export.c b/vcs-svn/fast_export.c
index 6cfa256..99ed70b 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/fast_export.c
+++ b/vcs-svn/fast_export.c
@@ -31,27 +31,30 @@
 }
 
 static char gitsvnline[MAX_GITSVN_LINE_LEN];
-void fast_export_commit(uint32_t revision, uint32_t author, char *log,
-			uint32_t uuid, uint32_t url,
+void fast_export_commit(uint32_t revision, const char *author,
+			const struct strbuf *log,
+			const char *uuid, const char *url,
 			unsigned long timestamp)
 {
+	static const struct strbuf empty = STRBUF_INIT;
 	if (!log)
-		log = "";
-	if (~uuid && ~url) {
+		log = &empty;
+	if (*uuid && *url) {
 		snprintf(gitsvnline, MAX_GITSVN_LINE_LEN,
 				"\n\ngit-svn-id: %s@%"PRIu32" %s\n",
-				 pool_fetch(url), revision, pool_fetch(uuid));
+				 url, revision, uuid);
 	} else {
 		*gitsvnline = '\0';
 	}
 	printf("commit refs/heads/master\n");
 	printf("committer %s <%s@%s> %ld +0000\n",
-		   ~author ? pool_fetch(author) : "nobody",
-		   ~author ? pool_fetch(author) : "nobody",
-		   ~uuid ? pool_fetch(uuid) : "local", timestamp);
-	printf("data %"PRIu32"\n%s%s\n",
-		   (uint32_t) (strlen(log) + strlen(gitsvnline)),
-		   log, gitsvnline);
+		   *author ? author : "nobody",
+		   *author ? author : "nobody",
+		   *uuid ? uuid : "local", timestamp);
+	printf("data %"PRIuMAX"\n",
+		(uintmax_t) (log->len + strlen(gitsvnline)));
+	fwrite(log->buf, log->len, 1, stdout);
+	printf("%s\n", gitsvnline);
 	if (!first_commit_done) {
 		if (revision > 1)
 			printf("from refs/heads/master^0\n");
@@ -63,14 +66,23 @@
 	printf("progress Imported commit %"PRIu32".\n\n", revision);
 }
 
-void fast_export_blob(uint32_t mode, uint32_t mark, uint32_t len)
+static void die_short_read(struct line_buffer *input)
+{
+	if (buffer_ferror(input))
+		die_errno("error reading dump file");
+	die("invalid dump: unexpected end of file");
+}
+
+void fast_export_blob(uint32_t mode, uint32_t mark, uint32_t len, struct line_buffer *input)
 {
 	if (mode == REPO_MODE_LNK) {
 		/* svn symlink blobs start with "link " */
-		buffer_skip_bytes(5);
 		len -= 5;
+		if (buffer_skip_bytes(input, 5) != 5)
+			die_short_read(input);
 	}
 	printf("blob\nmark :%"PRIu32"\ndata %"PRIu32"\n", mark, len);
-	buffer_copy_bytes(len);
+	if (buffer_copy_bytes(input, len) != len)
+		die_short_read(input);
 	fputc('\n', stdout);
 }
diff --git a/vcs-svn/fast_export.h b/vcs-svn/fast_export.h
index 2aaaea5..33a8fe9 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/fast_export.h
+++ b/vcs-svn/fast_export.h
@@ -1,11 +1,16 @@
 #ifndef FAST_EXPORT_H_
 #define FAST_EXPORT_H_
 
+#include "line_buffer.h"
+struct strbuf;
+
 void fast_export_delete(uint32_t depth, uint32_t *path);
 void fast_export_modify(uint32_t depth, uint32_t *path, uint32_t mode,
 			uint32_t mark);
-void fast_export_commit(uint32_t revision, uint32_t author, char *log,
-			uint32_t uuid, uint32_t url, unsigned long timestamp);
-void fast_export_blob(uint32_t mode, uint32_t mark, uint32_t len);
+void fast_export_commit(uint32_t revision, const char *author,
+			const struct strbuf *log, const char *uuid,
+			const char *url, unsigned long timestamp);
+void fast_export_blob(uint32_t mode, uint32_t mark, uint32_t len,
+		      struct line_buffer *input);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/vcs-svn/line_buffer.c b/vcs-svn/line_buffer.c
index 1543567..c390387 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/line_buffer.c
+++ b/vcs-svn/line_buffer.c
@@ -5,47 +5,81 @@
 
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include "line_buffer.h"
-#include "obj_pool.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
 
-#define LINE_BUFFER_LEN 10000
 #define COPY_BUFFER_LEN 4096
 
-/* Create memory pool for char sequence of known length */
-obj_pool_gen(blob, char, 4096)
-
-static char line_buffer[LINE_BUFFER_LEN];
-static char byte_buffer[COPY_BUFFER_LEN];
-static FILE *infile;
-
-int buffer_init(const char *filename)
+int buffer_init(struct line_buffer *buf, const char *filename)
 {
-	infile = filename ? fopen(filename, "r") : stdin;
-	if (!infile)
+	buf->infile = filename ? fopen(filename, "r") : stdin;
+	if (!buf->infile)
 		return -1;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int buffer_deinit(void)
+int buffer_fdinit(struct line_buffer *buf, int fd)
+{
+	buf->infile = fdopen(fd, "r");
+	if (!buf->infile)
+		return -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int buffer_tmpfile_init(struct line_buffer *buf)
+{
+	buf->infile = tmpfile();
+	if (!buf->infile)
+		return -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int buffer_deinit(struct line_buffer *buf)
 {
 	int err;
-	if (infile == stdin)
-		return ferror(infile);
-	err = ferror(infile);
-	err |= fclose(infile);
+	if (buf->infile == stdin)
+		return ferror(buf->infile);
+	err = ferror(buf->infile);
+	err |= fclose(buf->infile);
 	return err;
 }
 
+FILE *buffer_tmpfile_rewind(struct line_buffer *buf)
+{
+	rewind(buf->infile);
+	return buf->infile;
+}
+
+long buffer_tmpfile_prepare_to_read(struct line_buffer *buf)
+{
+	long pos = ftell(buf->infile);
+	if (pos < 0)
+		return error("ftell error: %s", strerror(errno));
+	if (fseek(buf->infile, 0, SEEK_SET))
+		return error("seek error: %s", strerror(errno));
+	return pos;
+}
+
+int buffer_ferror(struct line_buffer *buf)
+{
+	return ferror(buf->infile);
+}
+
+int buffer_read_char(struct line_buffer *buf)
+{
+	return fgetc(buf->infile);
+}
+
 /* Read a line without trailing newline. */
-char *buffer_read_line(void)
+char *buffer_read_line(struct line_buffer *buf)
 {
 	char *end;
-	if (!fgets(line_buffer, sizeof(line_buffer), infile))
+	if (!fgets(buf->line_buffer, sizeof(buf->line_buffer), buf->infile))
 		/* Error or data exhausted. */
 		return NULL;
-	end = line_buffer + strlen(line_buffer);
+	end = buf->line_buffer + strlen(buf->line_buffer);
 	if (end[-1] == '\n')
 		end[-1] = '\0';
-	else if (feof(infile))
+	else if (feof(buf->infile))
 		; /* No newline at end of file.  That's fine. */
 	else
 		/*
@@ -54,44 +88,43 @@
 		 * but for now let's return an error.
 		 */
 		return NULL;
-	return line_buffer;
+	return buf->line_buffer;
 }
 
-char *buffer_read_string(uint32_t len)
+void buffer_read_binary(struct line_buffer *buf,
+				struct strbuf *sb, uint32_t size)
 {
-	char *s;
-	blob_free(blob_pool.size);
-	s = blob_pointer(blob_alloc(len + 1));
-	s[fread(s, 1, len, infile)] = '\0';
-	return ferror(infile) ? NULL : s;
+	strbuf_fread(sb, size, buf->infile);
 }
 
-void buffer_copy_bytes(uint32_t len)
+off_t buffer_copy_bytes(struct line_buffer *buf, off_t nbytes)
 {
-	uint32_t in;
-	while (len > 0 && !feof(infile) && !ferror(infile)) {
-		in = len < COPY_BUFFER_LEN ? len : COPY_BUFFER_LEN;
-		in = fread(byte_buffer, 1, in, infile);
-		len -= in;
+	char byte_buffer[COPY_BUFFER_LEN];
+	off_t done = 0;
+	while (done < nbytes && !feof(buf->infile) && !ferror(buf->infile)) {
+		off_t len = nbytes - done;
+		size_t in = len < COPY_BUFFER_LEN ? len : COPY_BUFFER_LEN;
+		in = fread(byte_buffer, 1, in, buf->infile);
+		done += in;
 		fwrite(byte_buffer, 1, in, stdout);
-		if (ferror(stdout)) {
-			buffer_skip_bytes(len);
-			return;
-		}
+		if (ferror(stdout))
+			return done + buffer_skip_bytes(buf, nbytes - done);
 	}
+	return done;
 }
 
-void buffer_skip_bytes(uint32_t len)
+off_t buffer_skip_bytes(struct line_buffer *buf, off_t nbytes)
 {
-	uint32_t in;
-	while (len > 0 && !feof(infile) && !ferror(infile)) {
-		in = len < COPY_BUFFER_LEN ? len : COPY_BUFFER_LEN;
-		in = fread(byte_buffer, 1, in, infile);
-		len -= in;
+	char byte_buffer[COPY_BUFFER_LEN];
+	off_t done = 0;
+	while (done < nbytes && !feof(buf->infile) && !ferror(buf->infile)) {
+		off_t len = nbytes - done;
+		size_t in = len < COPY_BUFFER_LEN ? len : COPY_BUFFER_LEN;
+		done += fread(byte_buffer, 1, in, buf->infile);
 	}
+	return done;
 }
 
-void buffer_reset(void)
+void buffer_reset(struct line_buffer *buf)
 {
-	blob_reset();
 }
diff --git a/vcs-svn/line_buffer.h b/vcs-svn/line_buffer.h
index 9c78ae1..d0b22dd 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/line_buffer.h
+++ b/vcs-svn/line_buffer.h
@@ -1,12 +1,31 @@
 #ifndef LINE_BUFFER_H_
 #define LINE_BUFFER_H_
 
-int buffer_init(const char *filename);
-int buffer_deinit(void);
-char *buffer_read_line(void);
-char *buffer_read_string(uint32_t len);
-void buffer_copy_bytes(uint32_t len);
-void buffer_skip_bytes(uint32_t len);
-void buffer_reset(void);
+#include "strbuf.h"
+
+#define LINE_BUFFER_LEN 10000
+
+struct line_buffer {
+	char line_buffer[LINE_BUFFER_LEN];
+	FILE *infile;
+};
+#define LINE_BUFFER_INIT { "", NULL }
+
+int buffer_init(struct line_buffer *buf, const char *filename);
+int buffer_fdinit(struct line_buffer *buf, int fd);
+int buffer_deinit(struct line_buffer *buf);
+void buffer_reset(struct line_buffer *buf);
+
+int buffer_tmpfile_init(struct line_buffer *buf);
+FILE *buffer_tmpfile_rewind(struct line_buffer *buf);	/* prepare to write. */
+long buffer_tmpfile_prepare_to_read(struct line_buffer *buf);
+
+int buffer_ferror(struct line_buffer *buf);
+char *buffer_read_line(struct line_buffer *buf);
+int buffer_read_char(struct line_buffer *buf);
+void buffer_read_binary(struct line_buffer *buf, struct strbuf *sb, uint32_t len);
+/* Returns number of bytes read (not necessarily written). */
+off_t buffer_copy_bytes(struct line_buffer *buf, off_t len);
+off_t buffer_skip_bytes(struct line_buffer *buf, off_t len);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/vcs-svn/line_buffer.txt b/vcs-svn/line_buffer.txt
index 8906fb1..8e139eb 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/line_buffer.txt
+++ b/vcs-svn/line_buffer.txt
@@ -14,22 +14,46 @@
 
 The calling program:
 
+ - initializes a `struct line_buffer` to LINE_BUFFER_INIT
  - specifies a file to read with `buffer_init`
- - processes input with `buffer_read_line`, `buffer_read_string`,
-   `buffer_skip_bytes`, and `buffer_copy_bytes`
+ - processes input with `buffer_read_line`, `buffer_skip_bytes`,
+   and `buffer_copy_bytes`
  - closes the file with `buffer_deinit`, perhaps to start over and
    read another file.
 
-Before exiting, the caller can use `buffer_reset` to deallocate
-resources for the benefit of profiling tools.
+When finished, the caller can use `buffer_reset` to deallocate
+resources.
+
+Using temporary files
+---------------------
+
+Temporary files provide a place to store data that should not outlive
+the calling program.  A program
+
+ - initializes a `struct line_buffer` to LINE_BUFFER_INIT
+ - requests a temporary file with `buffer_tmpfile_init`
+ - acquires an output handle by calling `buffer_tmpfile_rewind`
+ - uses standard I/O functions like `fprintf` and `fwrite` to fill
+   the temporary file
+ - declares writing is over with `buffer_tmpfile_prepare_to_read`
+ - can re-read what was written with `buffer_read_line`,
+   `buffer_copy_bytes`, and so on
+ - can reuse the temporary file by calling `buffer_tmpfile_rewind`
+   again
+ - removes the temporary file with `buffer_deinit`, perhaps to
+   reuse the line_buffer for some other file.
+
+When finished, the calling program can use `buffer_reset` to deallocate
+resources.
 
 Functions
 ---------
 
-`buffer_init`::
-	Open the named file for input.  If filename is NULL,
-	start reading from stdin.  On failure, returns -1 (with
-	errno indicating the nature of the failure).
+`buffer_init`, `buffer_fdinit`::
+	Open the named file or file descriptor for input.
+	buffer_init(buf, NULL) prepares to read from stdin.
+	On failure, returns -1 (with errno indicating the nature
+	of the failure).
 
 `buffer_deinit`::
 	Stop reading from the current file (closing it unless
@@ -40,19 +64,14 @@
 	Read a line and strip off the trailing newline.
 	On failure or end of file, returns NULL.
 
-`buffer_read_string`::
-	Read `len` characters of input or up to the end of the
-	file, whichever comes first.  Returns NULL on error.
-	Returns whatever characters were read (possibly "")
-	for end of file.
-
 `buffer_copy_bytes`::
 	Read `len` bytes of input and dump them to the standard output
 	stream.  Returns early for error or end of file.
 
 `buffer_skip_bytes`::
 	Discards `len` bytes from the input stream (stopping early
-	if necessary because of an error or eof).
+	if necessary because of an error or eof).  Return value is
+	the number of bytes successfully read.
 
 `buffer_reset`::
 	Deallocates non-static buffers.
diff --git a/vcs-svn/repo_tree.c b/vcs-svn/repo_tree.c
index e94d91d..a21d89d 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/repo_tree.c
+++ b/vcs-svn/repo_tree.c
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 static int repo_dirent_name_cmp(const void *a, const void *b);
 
 /* Treap for directory entries */
-trp_gen(static, dent_, struct repo_dirent, children, dent, repo_dirent_name_cmp);
+trp_gen(static, dent_, struct repo_dirent, children, dent, repo_dirent_name_cmp)
 
 uint32_t next_blob_mark(void)
 {
@@ -87,7 +87,8 @@
 	return dir_pointer(new_o);
 }
 
-static struct repo_dirent *repo_read_dirent(uint32_t revision, uint32_t *path)
+static struct repo_dirent *repo_read_dirent(uint32_t revision,
+					    const uint32_t *path)
 {
 	uint32_t name = 0;
 	struct repo_dirent *key = dent_pointer(dent_alloc(1));
@@ -105,7 +106,7 @@
 	return dent;
 }
 
-static void repo_write_dirent(uint32_t *path, uint32_t mode,
+static void repo_write_dirent(const uint32_t *path, uint32_t mode,
 			      uint32_t content_offset, uint32_t del)
 {
 	uint32_t name, revision, dir_o = ~0, parent_dir_o = ~0;
@@ -131,7 +132,7 @@
 		if (dent == key) {
 			dent->mode = REPO_MODE_DIR;
 			dent->content_offset = 0;
-			dent_insert(&dir->entries, dent);
+			dent = dent_insert(&dir->entries, dent);
 		}
 
 		if (dent_offset(dent) < dent_pool.committed) {
@@ -142,7 +143,7 @@
 			dent->name_offset = name;
 			dent->mode = REPO_MODE_DIR;
 			dent->content_offset = dir_o;
-			dent_insert(&dir->entries, dent);
+			dent = dent_insert(&dir->entries, dent);
 		}
 
 		dir = repo_dir_from_dirent(dent);
@@ -157,7 +158,24 @@
 		dent_remove(&dir_pointer(parent_dir_o)->entries, dent);
 }
 
-uint32_t repo_copy(uint32_t revision, uint32_t *src, uint32_t *dst)
+uint32_t repo_read_path(const uint32_t *path)
+{
+	uint32_t content_offset = 0;
+	struct repo_dirent *dent = repo_read_dirent(active_commit, path);
+	if (dent != NULL)
+		content_offset = dent->content_offset;
+	return content_offset;
+}
+
+uint32_t repo_read_mode(const uint32_t *path)
+{
+	struct repo_dirent *dent = repo_read_dirent(active_commit, path);
+	if (dent == NULL)
+		die("invalid dump: path to be modified is missing");
+	return dent->mode;
+}
+
+void repo_copy(uint32_t revision, const uint32_t *src, const uint32_t *dst)
 {
 	uint32_t mode = 0, content_offset = 0;
 	struct repo_dirent *src_dent;
@@ -167,7 +185,6 @@
 		content_offset = src_dent->content_offset;
 		repo_write_dirent(dst, mode, content_offset, 0);
 	}
-	return mode;
 }
 
 void repo_add(uint32_t *path, uint32_t mode, uint32_t blob_mark)
@@ -175,27 +192,6 @@
 	repo_write_dirent(path, mode, blob_mark, 0);
 }
 
-uint32_t repo_replace(uint32_t *path, uint32_t blob_mark)
-{
-	uint32_t mode = 0;
-	struct repo_dirent *src_dent;
-	src_dent = repo_read_dirent(active_commit, path);
-	if (src_dent != NULL) {
-		mode = src_dent->mode;
-		repo_write_dirent(path, mode, blob_mark, 0);
-	}
-	return mode;
-}
-
-void repo_modify(uint32_t *path, uint32_t mode, uint32_t blob_mark)
-{
-	struct repo_dirent *src_dent;
-	src_dent = repo_read_dirent(active_commit, path);
-	if (src_dent != NULL && blob_mark == 0)
-		blob_mark = src_dent->content_offset;
-	repo_write_dirent(path, mode, blob_mark, 0);
-}
-
 void repo_delete(uint32_t *path)
 {
 	repo_write_dirent(path, 0, 0, 1);
@@ -282,8 +278,9 @@
 		    repo_commit_root_dir(commit_pointer(r2)));
 }
 
-void repo_commit(uint32_t revision, uint32_t author, char *log, uint32_t uuid,
-		 uint32_t url, unsigned long timestamp)
+void repo_commit(uint32_t revision, const char *author,
+		const struct strbuf *log, const char *uuid, const char *url,
+		unsigned long timestamp)
 {
 	fast_export_commit(revision, author, log, uuid, url, timestamp);
 	dent_commit();
diff --git a/vcs-svn/repo_tree.h b/vcs-svn/repo_tree.h
index 5476175..37bde2e 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/repo_tree.h
+++ b/vcs-svn/repo_tree.h
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef REPO_TREE_H_
 #define REPO_TREE_H_
 
-#include "git-compat-util.h"
+struct strbuf;
 
 #define REPO_MODE_DIR 0040000
 #define REPO_MODE_BLB 0100644
@@ -12,13 +12,14 @@
 #define REPO_MAX_PATH_DEPTH 1000
 
 uint32_t next_blob_mark(void);
-uint32_t repo_copy(uint32_t revision, uint32_t *src, uint32_t *dst);
+void repo_copy(uint32_t revision, const uint32_t *src, const uint32_t *dst);
 void repo_add(uint32_t *path, uint32_t mode, uint32_t blob_mark);
-uint32_t repo_replace(uint32_t *path, uint32_t blob_mark);
-void repo_modify(uint32_t *path, uint32_t mode, uint32_t blob_mark);
+uint32_t repo_read_path(const uint32_t *path);
+uint32_t repo_read_mode(const uint32_t *path);
 void repo_delete(uint32_t *path);
-void repo_commit(uint32_t revision, uint32_t author, char *log, uint32_t uuid,
-		 uint32_t url, long unsigned timestamp);
+void repo_commit(uint32_t revision, const char *author,
+		const struct strbuf *log, const char *uuid, const char *url,
+		long unsigned timestamp);
 void repo_diff(uint32_t r1, uint32_t r2);
 void repo_init(void);
 void repo_reset(void);
diff --git a/vcs-svn/string_pool.c b/vcs-svn/string_pool.c
index f5b1da8..8af8d54 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/string_pool.c
+++ b/vcs-svn/string_pool.c
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 }
 
 /* Build a Treap from the node structure (a trp_node w/ offset) */
-trp_gen(static, tree_, struct node, children, node, node_cmp);
+trp_gen(static, tree_, struct node, children, node, node_cmp)
 
 const char *pool_fetch(uint32_t entry)
 {
diff --git a/vcs-svn/svndump.c b/vcs-svn/svndump.c
index 53d0215..572a995 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/svndump.c
+++ b/vcs-svn/svndump.c
@@ -11,8 +11,14 @@
 #include "repo_tree.h"
 #include "fast_export.h"
 #include "line_buffer.h"
-#include "obj_pool.h"
 #include "string_pool.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+
+/*
+ * Compare start of string to literal of equal length;
+ * must be guarded by length test.
+ */
+#define constcmp(s, ref) memcmp(s, ref, sizeof(ref) - 1)
 
 #define NODEACT_REPLACE 4
 #define NODEACT_DELETE 3
@@ -27,40 +33,25 @@
 #define LENGTH_UNKNOWN (~0)
 #define DATE_RFC2822_LEN 31
 
-/* Create memory pool for log messages */
-obj_pool_gen(log, char, 4096)
-
-static char* log_copy(uint32_t length, char *log)
-{
-	char *buffer;
-	log_free(log_pool.size);
-	buffer = log_pointer(log_alloc(length));
-	strncpy(buffer, log, length);
-	return buffer;
-}
+static struct line_buffer input = LINE_BUFFER_INIT;
 
 static struct {
-	uint32_t action, propLength, textLength, srcRev, srcMode, mark, type;
+	uint32_t action, propLength, textLength, srcRev, type;
 	uint32_t src[REPO_MAX_PATH_DEPTH], dst[REPO_MAX_PATH_DEPTH];
+	uint32_t text_delta, prop_delta;
 } node_ctx;
 
 static struct {
-	uint32_t revision, author;
+	uint32_t revision;
 	unsigned long timestamp;
-	char *log;
+	struct strbuf log, author;
 } rev_ctx;
 
 static struct {
-	uint32_t uuid, url;
+	uint32_t version;
+	struct strbuf uuid, url;
 } dump_ctx;
 
-static struct {
-	uint32_t svn_log, svn_author, svn_date, svn_executable, svn_special, uuid,
-		revision_number, node_path, node_kind, node_action,
-		node_copyfrom_path, node_copyfrom_rev, text_content_length,
-		prop_content_length, content_length;
-} keys;
-
 static void reset_node_ctx(char *fname)
 {
 	node_ctx.type = 0;
@@ -69,124 +60,223 @@
 	node_ctx.textLength = LENGTH_UNKNOWN;
 	node_ctx.src[0] = ~0;
 	node_ctx.srcRev = 0;
-	node_ctx.srcMode = 0;
 	pool_tok_seq(REPO_MAX_PATH_DEPTH, node_ctx.dst, "/", fname);
-	node_ctx.mark = 0;
+	node_ctx.text_delta = 0;
+	node_ctx.prop_delta = 0;
 }
 
 static void reset_rev_ctx(uint32_t revision)
 {
 	rev_ctx.revision = revision;
 	rev_ctx.timestamp = 0;
-	rev_ctx.log = NULL;
-	rev_ctx.author = ~0;
+	strbuf_reset(&rev_ctx.log);
+	strbuf_reset(&rev_ctx.author);
 }
 
-static void reset_dump_ctx(uint32_t url)
+static void reset_dump_ctx(const char *url)
 {
-	dump_ctx.url = url;
-	dump_ctx.uuid = ~0;
+	strbuf_reset(&dump_ctx.url);
+	if (url)
+		strbuf_addstr(&dump_ctx.url, url);
+	dump_ctx.version = 1;
+	strbuf_reset(&dump_ctx.uuid);
 }
 
-static void init_keys(void)
+static void handle_property(const struct strbuf *key_buf,
+				struct strbuf *val,
+				uint32_t *type_set)
 {
-	keys.svn_log = pool_intern("svn:log");
-	keys.svn_author = pool_intern("svn:author");
-	keys.svn_date = pool_intern("svn:date");
-	keys.svn_executable = pool_intern("svn:executable");
-	keys.svn_special = pool_intern("svn:special");
-	keys.uuid = pool_intern("UUID");
-	keys.revision_number = pool_intern("Revision-number");
-	keys.node_path = pool_intern("Node-path");
-	keys.node_kind = pool_intern("Node-kind");
-	keys.node_action = pool_intern("Node-action");
-	keys.node_copyfrom_path = pool_intern("Node-copyfrom-path");
-	keys.node_copyfrom_rev = pool_intern("Node-copyfrom-rev");
-	keys.text_content_length = pool_intern("Text-content-length");
-	keys.prop_content_length = pool_intern("Prop-content-length");
-	keys.content_length = pool_intern("Content-length");
+	const char *key = key_buf->buf;
+	size_t keylen = key_buf->len;
+
+	switch (keylen + 1) {
+	case sizeof("svn:log"):
+		if (constcmp(key, "svn:log"))
+			break;
+		if (!val)
+			die("invalid dump: unsets svn:log");
+		strbuf_swap(&rev_ctx.log, val);
+		break;
+	case sizeof("svn:author"):
+		if (constcmp(key, "svn:author"))
+			break;
+		if (!val)
+			strbuf_reset(&rev_ctx.author);
+		else
+			strbuf_swap(&rev_ctx.author, val);
+		break;
+	case sizeof("svn:date"):
+		if (constcmp(key, "svn:date"))
+			break;
+		if (!val)
+			die("invalid dump: unsets svn:date");
+		if (parse_date_basic(val->buf, &rev_ctx.timestamp, NULL))
+			warning("invalid timestamp: %s", val->buf);
+		break;
+	case sizeof("svn:executable"):
+	case sizeof("svn:special"):
+		if (keylen == strlen("svn:executable") &&
+		    constcmp(key, "svn:executable"))
+			break;
+		if (keylen == strlen("svn:special") &&
+		    constcmp(key, "svn:special"))
+			break;
+		if (*type_set) {
+			if (!val)
+				return;
+			die("invalid dump: sets type twice");
+		}
+		if (!val) {
+			node_ctx.type = REPO_MODE_BLB;
+			return;
+		}
+		*type_set = 1;
+		node_ctx.type = keylen == strlen("svn:executable") ?
+				REPO_MODE_EXE :
+				REPO_MODE_LNK;
+	}
+}
+
+static void die_short_read(void)
+{
+	if (buffer_ferror(&input))
+		die_errno("error reading dump file");
+	die("invalid dump: unexpected end of file");
 }
 
 static void read_props(void)
 {
-	uint32_t len;
-	uint32_t key = ~0;
-	char *val = NULL;
-	char *t;
-	while ((t = buffer_read_line()) && strcmp(t, "PROPS-END")) {
-		if (!strncmp(t, "K ", 2)) {
-			len = atoi(&t[2]);
-			key = pool_intern(buffer_read_string(len));
-			buffer_read_line();
-		} else if (!strncmp(t, "V ", 2)) {
-			len = atoi(&t[2]);
-			val = buffer_read_string(len);
-			if (key == keys.svn_log) {
-				/* Value length excludes terminating nul. */
-				rev_ctx.log = log_copy(len + 1, val);
-			} else if (key == keys.svn_author) {
-				rev_ctx.author = pool_intern(val);
-			} else if (key == keys.svn_date) {
-				if (parse_date_basic(val, &rev_ctx.timestamp, NULL))
-					fprintf(stderr, "Invalid timestamp: %s\n", val);
-			} else if (key == keys.svn_executable) {
-				node_ctx.type = REPO_MODE_EXE;
-			} else if (key == keys.svn_special) {
-				node_ctx.type = REPO_MODE_LNK;
-			}
-			key = ~0;
-			buffer_read_line();
+	static struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	static struct strbuf val = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *t;
+	/*
+	 * NEEDSWORK: to support simple mode changes like
+	 *	K 11
+	 *	svn:special
+	 *	V 1
+	 *	*
+	 *	D 14
+	 *	svn:executable
+	 * we keep track of whether a mode has been set and reset to
+	 * plain file only if not.  We should be keeping track of the
+	 * symlink and executable bits separately instead.
+	 */
+	uint32_t type_set = 0;
+	while ((t = buffer_read_line(&input)) && strcmp(t, "PROPS-END")) {
+		uint32_t len;
+		const char type = t[0];
+		int ch;
+
+		if (!type || t[1] != ' ')
+			die("invalid property line: %s\n", t);
+		len = atoi(&t[2]);
+		strbuf_reset(&val);
+		buffer_read_binary(&input, &val, len);
+		if (val.len < len)
+			die_short_read();
+
+		/* Discard trailing newline. */
+		ch = buffer_read_char(&input);
+		if (ch == EOF)
+			die_short_read();
+		if (ch != '\n')
+			die("invalid dump: expected newline after %s", val.buf);
+
+		switch (type) {
+		case 'K':
+			strbuf_swap(&key, &val);
+			continue;
+		case 'D':
+			handle_property(&val, NULL, &type_set);
+			continue;
+		case 'V':
+			handle_property(&key, &val, &type_set);
+			strbuf_reset(&key);
+			continue;
+		default:
+			die("invalid property line: %s\n", t);
 		}
 	}
 }
 
 static void handle_node(void)
 {
-	if (node_ctx.propLength != LENGTH_UNKNOWN && node_ctx.propLength)
-		read_props();
+	uint32_t mark = 0;
+	const uint32_t type = node_ctx.type;
+	const int have_props = node_ctx.propLength != LENGTH_UNKNOWN;
+	const int have_text = node_ctx.textLength != LENGTH_UNKNOWN;
 
-	if (node_ctx.srcRev)
-		node_ctx.srcMode = repo_copy(node_ctx.srcRev, node_ctx.src, node_ctx.dst);
-
-	if (node_ctx.textLength != LENGTH_UNKNOWN &&
-	    node_ctx.type != REPO_MODE_DIR)
-		node_ctx.mark = next_blob_mark();
-
+	if (node_ctx.text_delta)
+		die("text deltas not supported");
+	if (have_text)
+		mark = next_blob_mark();
 	if (node_ctx.action == NODEACT_DELETE) {
+		if (have_text || have_props || node_ctx.srcRev)
+			die("invalid dump: deletion node has "
+				"copyfrom info, text, or properties");
 		repo_delete(node_ctx.dst);
-	} else if (node_ctx.action == NODEACT_CHANGE ||
-			   node_ctx.action == NODEACT_REPLACE) {
-		if (node_ctx.action == NODEACT_REPLACE &&
-		    node_ctx.type == REPO_MODE_DIR)
-			repo_replace(node_ctx.dst, node_ctx.mark);
-		else if (node_ctx.propLength != LENGTH_UNKNOWN)
-			repo_modify(node_ctx.dst, node_ctx.type, node_ctx.mark);
-		else if (node_ctx.textLength != LENGTH_UNKNOWN)
-			node_ctx.srcMode = repo_replace(node_ctx.dst, node_ctx.mark);
+		return;
+	}
+	if (node_ctx.action == NODEACT_REPLACE) {
+		repo_delete(node_ctx.dst);
+		node_ctx.action = NODEACT_ADD;
+	}
+	if (node_ctx.srcRev) {
+		repo_copy(node_ctx.srcRev, node_ctx.src, node_ctx.dst);
+		if (node_ctx.action == NODEACT_ADD)
+			node_ctx.action = NODEACT_CHANGE;
+	}
+	if (have_text && type == REPO_MODE_DIR)
+		die("invalid dump: directories cannot have text attached");
+
+	/*
+	 * Decide on the new content (mark) and mode (node_ctx.type).
+	 */
+	if (node_ctx.action == NODEACT_CHANGE && !~*node_ctx.dst) {
+		if (type != REPO_MODE_DIR)
+			die("invalid dump: root of tree is not a regular file");
+	} else if (node_ctx.action == NODEACT_CHANGE) {
+		uint32_t mode;
+		if (!have_text)
+			mark = repo_read_path(node_ctx.dst);
+		mode = repo_read_mode(node_ctx.dst);
+		if (mode == REPO_MODE_DIR && type != REPO_MODE_DIR)
+			die("invalid dump: cannot modify a directory into a file");
+		if (mode != REPO_MODE_DIR && type == REPO_MODE_DIR)
+			die("invalid dump: cannot modify a file into a directory");
+		node_ctx.type = mode;
 	} else if (node_ctx.action == NODEACT_ADD) {
-		if (node_ctx.srcRev && node_ctx.propLength != LENGTH_UNKNOWN)
-			repo_modify(node_ctx.dst, node_ctx.type, node_ctx.mark);
-		else if (node_ctx.srcRev && node_ctx.textLength != LENGTH_UNKNOWN)
-			node_ctx.srcMode = repo_replace(node_ctx.dst, node_ctx.mark);
-		else if ((node_ctx.type == REPO_MODE_DIR && !node_ctx.srcRev) ||
-			 node_ctx.textLength != LENGTH_UNKNOWN)
-			repo_add(node_ctx.dst, node_ctx.type, node_ctx.mark);
+		if (!have_text && type != REPO_MODE_DIR)
+			die("invalid dump: adds node without text");
+	} else {
+		die("invalid dump: Node-path block lacks Node-action");
 	}
 
-	if (node_ctx.propLength == LENGTH_UNKNOWN && node_ctx.srcMode)
-		node_ctx.type = node_ctx.srcMode;
+	/*
+	 * Adjust mode to reflect properties.
+	 */
+	if (have_props) {
+		if (!node_ctx.prop_delta)
+			node_ctx.type = type;
+		if (node_ctx.propLength)
+			read_props();
+	}
 
-	if (node_ctx.mark)
-		fast_export_blob(node_ctx.type, node_ctx.mark, node_ctx.textLength);
-	else if (node_ctx.textLength != LENGTH_UNKNOWN)
-		buffer_skip_bytes(node_ctx.textLength);
+	/*
+	 * Save the result.
+	 */
+	repo_add(node_ctx.dst, node_ctx.type, mark);
+	if (have_text)
+		fast_export_blob(node_ctx.type, mark,
+				 node_ctx.textLength, &input);
 }
 
 static void handle_revision(void)
 {
 	if (rev_ctx.revision)
-		repo_commit(rev_ctx.revision, rev_ctx.author, rev_ctx.log,
-			dump_ctx.uuid, dump_ctx.url, rev_ctx.timestamp);
+		repo_commit(rev_ctx.revision, rev_ctx.author.buf,
+			&rev_ctx.log, dump_ctx.uuid.buf, dump_ctx.url.buf,
+			rev_ctx.timestamp);
 }
 
 void svndump_read(const char *url)
@@ -195,39 +285,65 @@
 	char *t;
 	uint32_t active_ctx = DUMP_CTX;
 	uint32_t len;
-	uint32_t key;
 
-	reset_dump_ctx(pool_intern(url));
-	while ((t = buffer_read_line())) {
-		val = strstr(t, ": ");
+	reset_dump_ctx(url);
+	while ((t = buffer_read_line(&input))) {
+		val = strchr(t, ':');
 		if (!val)
 			continue;
-		*val++ = '\0';
-		*val++ = '\0';
-		key = pool_intern(t);
+		val++;
+		if (*val != ' ')
+			continue;
+		val++;
 
-		if (key == keys.uuid) {
-			dump_ctx.uuid = pool_intern(val);
-		} else if (key == keys.revision_number) {
+		/* strlen(key) + 1 */
+		switch (val - t - 1) {
+		case sizeof("SVN-fs-dump-format-version"):
+			if (constcmp(t, "SVN-fs-dump-format-version"))
+				continue;
+			dump_ctx.version = atoi(val);
+			if (dump_ctx.version > 3)
+				die("expected svn dump format version <= 3, found %"PRIu32,
+				    dump_ctx.version);
+			break;
+		case sizeof("UUID"):
+			if (constcmp(t, "UUID"))
+				continue;
+			strbuf_reset(&dump_ctx.uuid);
+			strbuf_addstr(&dump_ctx.uuid, val);
+			break;
+		case sizeof("Revision-number"):
+			if (constcmp(t, "Revision-number"))
+				continue;
 			if (active_ctx == NODE_CTX)
 				handle_node();
 			if (active_ctx != DUMP_CTX)
 				handle_revision();
 			active_ctx = REV_CTX;
 			reset_rev_ctx(atoi(val));
-		} else if (key == keys.node_path) {
-			if (active_ctx == NODE_CTX)
-				handle_node();
-			active_ctx = NODE_CTX;
-			reset_node_ctx(val);
-		} else if (key == keys.node_kind) {
+			break;
+		case sizeof("Node-path"):
+			if (prefixcmp(t, "Node-"))
+				continue;
+			if (!constcmp(t + strlen("Node-"), "path")) {
+				if (active_ctx == NODE_CTX)
+					handle_node();
+				active_ctx = NODE_CTX;
+				reset_node_ctx(val);
+				break;
+			}
+			if (constcmp(t + strlen("Node-"), "kind"))
+				continue;
 			if (!strcmp(val, "dir"))
 				node_ctx.type = REPO_MODE_DIR;
 			else if (!strcmp(val, "file"))
 				node_ctx.type = REPO_MODE_BLB;
 			else
 				fprintf(stderr, "Unknown node-kind: %s\n", val);
-		} else if (key == keys.node_action) {
+			break;
+		case sizeof("Node-action"):
+			if (constcmp(t, "Node-action"))
+				continue;
 			if (!strcmp(val, "delete")) {
 				node_ctx.action = NODEACT_DELETE;
 			} else if (!strcmp(val, "add")) {
@@ -240,17 +356,44 @@
 				fprintf(stderr, "Unknown node-action: %s\n", val);
 				node_ctx.action = NODEACT_UNKNOWN;
 			}
-		} else if (key == keys.node_copyfrom_path) {
+			break;
+		case sizeof("Node-copyfrom-path"):
+			if (constcmp(t, "Node-copyfrom-path"))
+				continue;
 			pool_tok_seq(REPO_MAX_PATH_DEPTH, node_ctx.src, "/", val);
-		} else if (key == keys.node_copyfrom_rev) {
+			break;
+		case sizeof("Node-copyfrom-rev"):
+			if (constcmp(t, "Node-copyfrom-rev"))
+				continue;
 			node_ctx.srcRev = atoi(val);
-		} else if (key == keys.text_content_length) {
-			node_ctx.textLength = atoi(val);
-		} else if (key == keys.prop_content_length) {
+			break;
+		case sizeof("Text-content-length"):
+			if (!constcmp(t, "Text-content-length")) {
+				node_ctx.textLength = atoi(val);
+				break;
+			}
+			if (constcmp(t, "Prop-content-length"))
+				continue;
 			node_ctx.propLength = atoi(val);
-		} else if (key == keys.content_length) {
+			break;
+		case sizeof("Text-delta"):
+			if (!constcmp(t, "Text-delta")) {
+				node_ctx.text_delta = !strcmp(val, "true");
+				break;
+			}
+			if (constcmp(t, "Prop-delta"))
+				continue;
+			node_ctx.prop_delta = !strcmp(val, "true");
+			break;
+		case sizeof("Content-length"):
+			if (constcmp(t, "Content-length"))
+				continue;
 			len = atoi(val);
-			buffer_read_line();
+			t = buffer_read_line(&input);
+			if (!t)
+				die_short_read();
+			if (*t)
+				die("invalid dump: expected blank line after content length header");
 			if (active_ctx == REV_CTX) {
 				read_props();
 			} else if (active_ctx == NODE_CTX) {
@@ -258,34 +401,42 @@
 				active_ctx = REV_CTX;
 			} else {
 				fprintf(stderr, "Unexpected content length header: %"PRIu32"\n", len);
-				buffer_skip_bytes(len);
+				if (buffer_skip_bytes(&input, len) != len)
+					die_short_read();
 			}
 		}
 	}
+	if (buffer_ferror(&input))
+		die_short_read();
 	if (active_ctx == NODE_CTX)
 		handle_node();
 	if (active_ctx != DUMP_CTX)
 		handle_revision();
 }
 
-void svndump_init(const char *filename)
+int svndump_init(const char *filename)
 {
-	buffer_init(filename);
+	if (buffer_init(&input, filename))
+		return error("cannot open %s: %s", filename, strerror(errno));
 	repo_init();
-	reset_dump_ctx(~0);
+	strbuf_init(&dump_ctx.uuid, 4096);
+	strbuf_init(&dump_ctx.url, 4096);
+	strbuf_init(&rev_ctx.log, 4096);
+	strbuf_init(&rev_ctx.author, 4096);
+	reset_dump_ctx(NULL);
 	reset_rev_ctx(0);
 	reset_node_ctx(NULL);
-	init_keys();
+	return 0;
 }
 
 void svndump_deinit(void)
 {
-	log_reset();
 	repo_reset();
-	reset_dump_ctx(~0);
+	reset_dump_ctx(NULL);
 	reset_rev_ctx(0);
 	reset_node_ctx(NULL);
-	if (buffer_deinit())
+	strbuf_release(&rev_ctx.log);
+	if (buffer_deinit(&input))
 		fprintf(stderr, "Input error\n");
 	if (ferror(stdout))
 		fprintf(stderr, "Output error\n");
@@ -293,10 +444,10 @@
 
 void svndump_reset(void)
 {
-	log_reset();
-	buffer_reset();
+	buffer_reset(&input);
 	repo_reset();
-	reset_dump_ctx(~0);
-	reset_rev_ctx(0);
-	reset_node_ctx(NULL);
+	strbuf_release(&dump_ctx.uuid);
+	strbuf_release(&dump_ctx.url);
+	strbuf_release(&rev_ctx.log);
+	strbuf_release(&rev_ctx.author);
 }
diff --git a/vcs-svn/svndump.h b/vcs-svn/svndump.h
index 93c412f..df9ceb0 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/svndump.h
+++ b/vcs-svn/svndump.h
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef SVNDUMP_H_
 #define SVNDUMP_H_
 
-void svndump_init(const char *filename);
+int svndump_init(const char *filename);
 void svndump_read(const char *url);
 void svndump_deinit(void);
 void svndump_reset(void);
diff --git a/vcs-svn/trp.h b/vcs-svn/trp.h
index ee35c68..c32b918 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/trp.h
+++ b/vcs-svn/trp.h
@@ -188,11 +188,12 @@
 		return ret; \
 	} \
 } \
-a_attr void MAYBE_UNUSED a_pre##insert(struct trp_root *treap, a_type *node) \
+a_attr a_type *MAYBE_UNUSED a_pre##insert(struct trp_root *treap, a_type *node) \
 { \
 	uint32_t offset = trpn_offset(a_base, node); \
 	trp_node_new(a_base, a_field, offset); \
 	treap->trp_root = a_pre##insert_recurse(treap->trp_root, offset); \
+	return trpn_pointer(a_base, offset); \
 } \
 a_attr uint32_t MAYBE_UNUSED a_pre##remove_recurse(uint32_t cur_node, uint32_t rem_node) \
 { \
diff --git a/vcs-svn/trp.txt b/vcs-svn/trp.txt
index eb4c191..177ebca 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/trp.txt
+++ b/vcs-svn/trp.txt
@@ -21,7 +21,9 @@
 
 . Allocates a `struct trp_root` variable and sets it to {~0}.
 
-. Adds new nodes to the set using `foo_insert`.
+. Adds new nodes to the set using `foo_insert`.  Any pointers
+  to existing nodes cannot be relied upon any more, so the caller
+  might retrieve them anew with `foo_pointer`.
 
 . Can find a specific item in the set using `foo_search`.
 
@@ -73,10 +75,14 @@
 and returning a value less than, equal to, or greater than zero
 according to the result of comparison.
 
-void foo_insert(struct trp_root *treap, node_type \*node)::
+node_type {asterisk}foo_insert(struct trp_root *treap, node_type \*node)::
 
 	Insert node into treap.  If inserted multiple times,
 	a node will appear in the treap multiple times.
++
+The return value is the address of the node within the treap,
+which might differ from `node` if `pool_alloc` had to call
+`realloc` to expand the pool.
 
 void foo_remove(struct trp_root *treap, node_type \*node)::
 
@@ -90,7 +96,7 @@
 
 node_type *foo_nsearch(struct trp_root \*treap, node_type \*key)::
 
-	Like `foo_search`, but if if the key is missing return what
+	Like `foo_search`, but if the key is missing return what
 	would be key's successor, were key in treap (NULL if no
 	successor).
 
diff --git a/walker.c b/walker.c
index 11d9052..dce7128 100644
--- a/walker.c
+++ b/walker.c
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@
 	struct commit *commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
 	if (commit) {
 		commit->object.flags |= COMPLETE;
-		insert_by_date(commit, &complete);
+		commit_list_insert_by_date(commit, &complete);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/wrapper.c b/wrapper.c
index fd8ead3..2829000 100644
--- a/wrapper.c
+++ b/wrapper.c
@@ -3,16 +3,17 @@
  */
 #include "cache.h"
 
-static void try_to_free_builtin(size_t size)
+static void do_nothing(size_t size)
 {
-	release_pack_memory(size, -1);
 }
 
-static void (*try_to_free_routine)(size_t size) = try_to_free_builtin;
+static void (*try_to_free_routine)(size_t size) = do_nothing;
 
 try_to_free_t set_try_to_free_routine(try_to_free_t routine)
 {
 	try_to_free_t old = try_to_free_routine;
+	if (!routine)
+		routine = do_nothing;
 	try_to_free_routine = routine;
 	return old;
 }
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@
 void *xmallocz(size_t size)
 {
 	void *ret;
-	if (size + 1 < size)
+	if (unsigned_add_overflows(size, 1))
 		die("Data too large to fit into virtual memory space.");
 	ret = xmalloc(size + 1);
 	((char*)ret)[size] = 0;
@@ -108,21 +109,6 @@
 	return ret;
 }
 
-void *xmmap(void *start, size_t length,
-	int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset)
-{
-	void *ret = mmap(start, length, prot, flags, fd, offset);
-	if (ret == MAP_FAILED) {
-		if (!length)
-			return NULL;
-		release_pack_memory(length, fd);
-		ret = mmap(start, length, prot, flags, fd, offset);
-		if (ret == MAP_FAILED)
-			die_errno("Out of memory? mmap failed");
-	}
-	return ret;
-}
-
 /*
  * xread() is the same a read(), but it automatically restarts read()
  * operations with a recoverable error (EAGAIN and EINTR). xread()
@@ -212,120 +198,160 @@
 int xmkstemp(char *template)
 {
 	int fd;
+	char origtemplate[PATH_MAX];
+	strlcpy(origtemplate, template, sizeof(origtemplate));
 
 	fd = mkstemp(template);
-	if (fd < 0)
-		die_errno("Unable to create temporary file");
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		int saved_errno = errno;
+		const char *nonrelative_template;
+
+		if (!template[0])
+			template = origtemplate;
+
+		nonrelative_template = absolute_path(template);
+		errno = saved_errno;
+		die_errno("Unable to create temporary file '%s'",
+			nonrelative_template);
+	}
 	return fd;
 }
 
+/* git_mkstemp() - create tmp file honoring TMPDIR variable */
+int git_mkstemp(char *path, size_t len, const char *template)
+{
+	const char *tmp;
+	size_t n;
+
+	tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
+	if (!tmp)
+		tmp = "/tmp";
+	n = snprintf(path, len, "%s/%s", tmp, template);
+	if (len <= n) {
+		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
+		return -1;
+	}
+	return mkstemp(path);
+}
+
+/* git_mkstemps() - create tmp file with suffix honoring TMPDIR variable. */
+int git_mkstemps(char *path, size_t len, const char *template, int suffix_len)
+{
+	const char *tmp;
+	size_t n;
+
+	tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
+	if (!tmp)
+		tmp = "/tmp";
+	n = snprintf(path, len, "%s/%s", tmp, template);
+	if (len <= n) {
+		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
+		return -1;
+	}
+	return mkstemps(path, suffix_len);
+}
+
+/* Adapted from libiberty's mkstemp.c. */
+
+#undef TMP_MAX
+#define TMP_MAX 16384
+
+int git_mkstemps_mode(char *pattern, int suffix_len, int mode)
+{
+	static const char letters[] =
+		"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+		"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
+		"0123456789";
+	static const int num_letters = 62;
+	uint64_t value;
+	struct timeval tv;
+	char *template;
+	size_t len;
+	int fd, count;
+
+	len = strlen(pattern);
+
+	if (len < 6 + suffix_len) {
+		errno = EINVAL;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (strncmp(&pattern[len - 6 - suffix_len], "XXXXXX", 6)) {
+		errno = EINVAL;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Replace pattern's XXXXXX characters with randomness.
+	 * Try TMP_MAX different filenames.
+	 */
+	gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
+	value = ((size_t)(tv.tv_usec << 16)) ^ tv.tv_sec ^ getpid();
+	template = &pattern[len - 6 - suffix_len];
+	for (count = 0; count < TMP_MAX; ++count) {
+		uint64_t v = value;
+		/* Fill in the random bits. */
+		template[0] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+		template[1] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+		template[2] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+		template[3] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+		template[4] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+		template[5] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+
+		fd = open(pattern, O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_RDWR, mode);
+		if (fd > 0)
+			return fd;
+		/*
+		 * Fatal error (EPERM, ENOSPC etc).
+		 * It doesn't make sense to loop.
+		 */
+		if (errno != EEXIST)
+			break;
+		/*
+		 * This is a random value.  It is only necessary that
+		 * the next TMP_MAX values generated by adding 7777 to
+		 * VALUE are different with (module 2^32).
+		 */
+		value += 7777;
+	}
+	/* We return the null string if we can't find a unique file name.  */
+	pattern[0] = '\0';
+	return -1;
+}
+
+int git_mkstemp_mode(char *pattern, int mode)
+{
+	/* mkstemp is just mkstemps with no suffix */
+	return git_mkstemps_mode(pattern, 0, mode);
+}
+
+int gitmkstemps(char *pattern, int suffix_len)
+{
+	return git_mkstemps_mode(pattern, suffix_len, 0600);
+}
+
 int xmkstemp_mode(char *template, int mode)
 {
 	int fd;
+	char origtemplate[PATH_MAX];
+	strlcpy(origtemplate, template, sizeof(origtemplate));
 
 	fd = git_mkstemp_mode(template, mode);
-	if (fd < 0)
-		die_errno("Unable to create temporary file");
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		int saved_errno = errno;
+		const char *nonrelative_template;
+
+		if (!template[0])
+			template = origtemplate;
+
+		nonrelative_template = absolute_path(template);
+		errno = saved_errno;
+		die_errno("Unable to create temporary file '%s'",
+			nonrelative_template);
+	}
 	return fd;
 }
 
-/*
- * zlib wrappers to make sure we don't silently miss errors
- * at init time.
- */
-void git_inflate_init(z_streamp strm)
-{
-	const char *err;
-
-	switch (inflateInit(strm)) {
-	case Z_OK:
-		return;
-
-	case Z_MEM_ERROR:
-		err = "out of memory";
-		break;
-	case Z_VERSION_ERROR:
-		err = "wrong version";
-		break;
-	default:
-		err = "error";
-	}
-	die("inflateInit: %s (%s)", err, strm->msg ? strm->msg : "no message");
-}
-
-void git_inflate_end(z_streamp strm)
-{
-	if (inflateEnd(strm) != Z_OK)
-		error("inflateEnd: %s", strm->msg ? strm->msg : "failed");
-}
-
-int git_inflate(z_streamp strm, int flush)
-{
-	int ret = inflate(strm, flush);
-	const char *err;
-
-	switch (ret) {
-	/* Out of memory is fatal. */
-	case Z_MEM_ERROR:
-		die("inflate: out of memory");
-
-	/* Data corruption errors: we may want to recover from them (fsck) */
-	case Z_NEED_DICT:
-		err = "needs dictionary"; break;
-	case Z_DATA_ERROR:
-		err = "data stream error"; break;
-	case Z_STREAM_ERROR:
-		err = "stream consistency error"; break;
-	default:
-		err = "unknown error"; break;
-
-	/* Z_BUF_ERROR: normal, needs more space in the output buffer */
-	case Z_BUF_ERROR:
-	case Z_OK:
-	case Z_STREAM_END:
-		return ret;
-	}
-	error("inflate: %s (%s)", err, strm->msg ? strm->msg : "no message");
-	return ret;
-}
-
-int odb_mkstemp(char *template, size_t limit, const char *pattern)
-{
-	int fd;
-	/*
-	 * we let the umask do its job, don't try to be more
-	 * restrictive except to remove write permission.
-	 */
-	int mode = 0444;
-	snprintf(template, limit, "%s/%s",
-		 get_object_directory(), pattern);
-	fd = git_mkstemp_mode(template, mode);
-	if (0 <= fd)
-		return fd;
-
-	/* slow path */
-	/* some mkstemp implementations erase template on failure */
-	snprintf(template, limit, "%s/%s",
-		 get_object_directory(), pattern);
-	safe_create_leading_directories(template);
-	return xmkstemp_mode(template, mode);
-}
-
-int odb_pack_keep(char *name, size_t namesz, unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	int fd;
-
-	snprintf(name, namesz, "%s/pack/pack-%s.keep",
-		 get_object_directory(), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600);
-	if (0 <= fd)
-		return fd;
-
-	/* slow path */
-	safe_create_leading_directories(name);
-	return open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600);
-}
-
 static int warn_if_unremovable(const char *op, const char *file, int rc)
 {
 	if (rc < 0) {
diff --git a/ws.c b/ws.c
index d7b8c33..9fb9b14 100644
--- a/ws.c
+++ b/ws.c
@@ -56,6 +56,16 @@
 				rule |= whitespace_rule_names[i].rule_bits;
 			break;
 		}
+		if (strncmp(string, "tabwidth=", 9) == 0) {
+			unsigned tabwidth = atoi(string + 9);
+			if (0 < tabwidth && tabwidth < 0100) {
+				rule &= ~WS_TAB_WIDTH_MASK;
+				rule |= tabwidth;
+			}
+			else
+				warning("tabwidth %.*s out of range",
+					(int)(len - 9), string + 9);
+		}
 		string = ep;
 	}
 
@@ -84,7 +94,7 @@
 		value = attr_whitespace_rule.value;
 		if (ATTR_TRUE(value)) {
 			/* true (whitespace) */
-			unsigned all_rule = 0;
+			unsigned all_rule = ws_tab_width(whitespace_rule_cfg);
 			int i;
 			for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(whitespace_rule_names); i++)
 				if (!whitespace_rule_names[i].loosens_error &&
@@ -93,7 +103,7 @@
 			return all_rule;
 		} else if (ATTR_FALSE(value)) {
 			/* false (-whitespace) */
-			return 0;
+			return ws_tab_width(whitespace_rule_cfg);
 		} else if (ATTR_UNSET(value)) {
 			/* reset to default (!whitespace) */
 			return whitespace_rule_cfg;
@@ -174,8 +184,11 @@
 		}
 	}
 
+	if (trailing_whitespace == -1)
+		trailing_whitespace = len;
+
 	/* Check indentation */
-	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+	for (i = 0; i < trailing_whitespace; i++) {
 		if (line[i] == ' ')
 			continue;
 		if (line[i] != '\t')
@@ -203,7 +216,7 @@
 	}
 
 	/* Check for indent using non-tab. */
-	if ((ws_rule & WS_INDENT_WITH_NON_TAB) && i - written >= 8) {
+	if ((ws_rule & WS_INDENT_WITH_NON_TAB) && i - written >= ws_tab_width(ws_rule)) {
 		result |= WS_INDENT_WITH_NON_TAB;
 		if (stream) {
 			fputs(ws, stream);
@@ -218,8 +231,6 @@
 		 * Now the rest of the line starts at "written".
 		 * The non-highlighted part ends at "trailing_whitespace".
 		 */
-		if (trailing_whitespace == -1)
-			trailing_whitespace = len;
 
 		/* Emit non-highlighted (middle) segment. */
 		if (trailing_whitespace - written > 0) {
@@ -319,7 +330,7 @@
 		} else if (ch == ' ') {
 			last_space_in_indent = i;
 			if ((ws_rule & WS_INDENT_WITH_NON_TAB) &&
-			    8 <= i - last_tab_in_indent)
+			    ws_tab_width(ws_rule) <= i - last_tab_in_indent)
 				need_fix_leading_space = 1;
 		} else
 			break;
@@ -349,7 +360,7 @@
 				strbuf_addch(dst, ch);
 			} else {
 				consecutive_spaces++;
-				if (consecutive_spaces == 8) {
+				if (consecutive_spaces == ws_tab_width(ws_rule)) {
 					strbuf_addch(dst, '\t');
 					consecutive_spaces = 0;
 				}
@@ -362,12 +373,13 @@
 		fixed = 1;
 	} else if ((ws_rule & WS_TAB_IN_INDENT) && last_tab_in_indent >= 0) {
 		/* Expand tabs into spaces */
+		int start = dst->len;
 		int last = last_tab_in_indent + 1;
 		for (i = 0; i < last; i++) {
 			if (src[i] == '\t')
 				do {
 					strbuf_addch(dst, ' ');
-				} while (dst->len % 8);
+				} while ((dst->len - start) % ws_tab_width(ws_rule));
 			else
 				strbuf_addch(dst, src[i]);
 		}
diff --git a/wt-status.c b/wt-status.c
index fc2438f..9f4e0ba 100644
--- a/wt-status.c
+++ b/wt-status.c
@@ -21,11 +21,89 @@
 	GIT_COLOR_RED,    /* WT_STATUS_UNMERGED */
 	GIT_COLOR_GREEN,  /* WT_STATUS_LOCAL_BRANCH */
 	GIT_COLOR_RED,    /* WT_STATUS_REMOTE_BRANCH */
+	GIT_COLOR_NIL,    /* WT_STATUS_ONBRANCH */
 };
 
 static const char *color(int slot, struct wt_status *s)
 {
-	return s->use_color > 0 ? s->color_palette[slot] : "";
+	const char *c = s->use_color > 0 ? s->color_palette[slot] : "";
+	if (slot == WT_STATUS_ONBRANCH && color_is_nil(c))
+		c = s->color_palette[WT_STATUS_HEADER];
+	return c;
+}
+
+static void status_vprintf(struct wt_status *s, int at_bol, const char *color,
+		const char *fmt, va_list ap, const char *trail)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf linebuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *line, *eol;
+
+	strbuf_vaddf(&sb, fmt, ap);
+	if (!sb.len) {
+		strbuf_addch(&sb, '#');
+		if (!trail)
+			strbuf_addch(&sb, ' ');
+		color_print_strbuf(s->fp, color, &sb);
+		if (trail)
+			fprintf(s->fp, "%s", trail);
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+		return;
+	}
+	for (line = sb.buf; *line; line = eol + 1) {
+		eol = strchr(line, '\n');
+
+		strbuf_reset(&linebuf);
+		if (at_bol) {
+			strbuf_addch(&linebuf, '#');
+			if (*line != '\n' && *line != '\t')
+				strbuf_addch(&linebuf, ' ');
+		}
+		if (eol)
+			strbuf_add(&linebuf, line, eol - line);
+		else
+			strbuf_addstr(&linebuf, line);
+		color_print_strbuf(s->fp, color, &linebuf);
+		if (eol)
+			fprintf(s->fp, "\n");
+		else
+			break;
+		at_bol = 1;
+	}
+	if (trail)
+		fprintf(s->fp, "%s", trail);
+	strbuf_release(&linebuf);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+void status_printf_ln(struct wt_status *s, const char *color,
+			const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	status_vprintf(s, 1, color, fmt, ap, "\n");
+	va_end(ap);
+}
+
+void status_printf(struct wt_status *s, const char *color,
+			const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	status_vprintf(s, 1, color, fmt, ap, NULL);
+	va_end(ap);
+}
+
+void status_printf_more(struct wt_status *s, const char *color,
+			const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	status_vprintf(s, 0, color, fmt, ap, NULL);
+	va_end(ap);
 }
 
 void wt_status_prepare(struct wt_status *s)
@@ -53,33 +131,33 @@
 {
 	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
 
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "# Unmerged paths:");
+	status_printf_ln(s, c, _("Unmerged paths:"));
 	if (!advice_status_hints)
 		return;
-	if (s->in_merge)
+	if (s->whence != FROM_COMMIT)
 		;
 	else if (!s->is_initial)
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)", s->reference);
+		status_printf_ln(s, c, _("  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"), s->reference);
 	else
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)");
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)");
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#");
+		status_printf_ln(s, c, _("  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"));
+	status_printf_ln(s, c, _("  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"));
+	status_printf_ln(s, c, "");
 }
 
 static void wt_status_print_cached_header(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
 
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "# Changes to be committed:");
+	status_printf_ln(s, c, _("Changes to be committed:"));
 	if (!advice_status_hints)
 		return;
-	if (s->in_merge)
+	if (s->whence != FROM_COMMIT)
 		; /* NEEDSWORK: use "git reset --unresolve"??? */
 	else if (!s->is_initial)
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)", s->reference);
+		status_printf_ln(s, c, _("  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"), s->reference);
 	else
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)");
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#");
+		status_printf_ln(s, c, _("  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"));
+	status_printf_ln(s, c, "");
 }
 
 static void wt_status_print_dirty_header(struct wt_status *s,
@@ -88,17 +166,17 @@
 {
 	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
 
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "# Changed but not updated:");
+	status_printf_ln(s, c, _("Changes not staged for commit:"));
 	if (!advice_status_hints)
 		return;
 	if (!has_deleted)
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)");
+		status_printf_ln(s, c, _("  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"));
 	else
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)");
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)");
+		status_printf_ln(s, c, _("  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"));
+	status_printf_ln(s, c, _("  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"));
 	if (has_dirty_submodules)
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)");
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#");
+		status_printf_ln(s, c, _("  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"));
+	status_printf_ln(s, c, "");
 }
 
 static void wt_status_print_other_header(struct wt_status *s,
@@ -106,16 +184,16 @@
 					 const char *how)
 {
 	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "# %s files:", what);
+	status_printf_ln(s, c, _("%s files:"), what);
 	if (!advice_status_hints)
 		return;
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)", how);
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#");
+	status_printf_ln(s, c, _("  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"), how);
+	status_printf_ln(s, c, "");
 }
 
 static void wt_status_print_trailer(struct wt_status *s)
 {
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "#");
+	status_printf_ln(s, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "");
 }
 
 #define quote_path quote_path_relative
@@ -126,20 +204,20 @@
 	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_UNMERGED, s);
 	struct wt_status_change_data *d = it->util;
 	struct strbuf onebuf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	const char *one, *how = "bug";
+	const char *one, *how = _("bug");
 
 	one = quote_path(it->string, -1, &onebuf, s->prefix);
-	color_fprintf(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "#\t");
+	status_printf(s, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "\t");
 	switch (d->stagemask) {
-	case 1: how = "both deleted:"; break;
-	case 2: how = "added by us:"; break;
-	case 3: how = "deleted by them:"; break;
-	case 4: how = "added by them:"; break;
-	case 5: how = "deleted by us:"; break;
-	case 6: how = "both added:"; break;
-	case 7: how = "both modified:"; break;
+	case 1: how = _("both deleted:"); break;
+	case 2: how = _("added by us:"); break;
+	case 3: how = _("deleted by them:"); break;
+	case 4: how = _("added by them:"); break;
+	case 5: how = _("deleted by us:"); break;
+	case 6: how = _("both added:"); break;
+	case 7: how = _("both modified:"); break;
 	}
-	color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "%-20s%s\n", how, one);
+	status_printf_more(s, c, "%-20s%s\n", how, one);
 	strbuf_release(&onebuf);
 }
 
@@ -167,11 +245,11 @@
 		if (d->new_submodule_commits || d->dirty_submodule) {
 			strbuf_addstr(&extra, " (");
 			if (d->new_submodule_commits)
-				strbuf_addf(&extra, "new commits, ");
+				strbuf_addf(&extra, _("new commits, "));
 			if (d->dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_MODIFIED)
-				strbuf_addf(&extra, "modified content, ");
+				strbuf_addf(&extra, _("modified content, "));
 			if (d->dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_UNTRACKED)
-				strbuf_addf(&extra, "untracked content, ");
+				strbuf_addf(&extra, _("untracked content, "));
 			strbuf_setlen(&extra, extra.len - 2);
 			strbuf_addch(&extra, ')');
 		}
@@ -182,40 +260,40 @@
 	one = quote_path(one_name, -1, &onebuf, s->prefix);
 	two = quote_path(two_name, -1, &twobuf, s->prefix);
 
-	color_fprintf(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "#\t");
+	status_printf(s, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "\t");
 	switch (status) {
 	case DIFF_STATUS_ADDED:
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "new file:   %s", one);
+		status_printf_more(s, c, _("new file:   %s"), one);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_COPIED:
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "copied:     %s -> %s", one, two);
+		status_printf_more(s, c, _("copied:     %s -> %s"), one, two);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_DELETED:
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "deleted:    %s", one);
+		status_printf_more(s, c, _("deleted:    %s"), one);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED:
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "modified:   %s", one);
+		status_printf_more(s, c, _("modified:   %s"), one);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_RENAMED:
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "renamed:    %s -> %s", one, two);
+		status_printf_more(s, c, _("renamed:    %s -> %s"), one, two);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_TYPE_CHANGED:
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "typechange: %s", one);
+		status_printf_more(s, c, _("typechange: %s"), one);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_UNKNOWN:
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "unknown:    %s", one);
+		status_printf_more(s, c, _("unknown:    %s"), one);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_UNMERGED:
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "unmerged:   %s", one);
+		status_printf_more(s, c, _("unmerged:   %s"), one);
 		break;
 	default:
-		die("bug: unhandled diff status %c", status);
+		die(_("bug: unhandled diff status %c"), status);
 	}
 	if (extra.len) {
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "%s", extra.buf);
+		status_printf_more(s, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "%s", extra.buf);
 		strbuf_release(&extra);
 	}
-	fprintf(s->fp, "\n");
+	status_printf_more(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL, "\n");
 	strbuf_release(&onebuf);
 	strbuf_release(&twobuf);
 }
@@ -319,7 +397,7 @@
     }
 	rev.diffopt.format_callback = wt_status_collect_changed_cb;
 	rev.diffopt.format_callback_data = s;
-	rev.prune_data = s->pathspec;
+	init_pathspec(&rev.prune_data, s->pathspec);
 	run_diff_files(&rev, 0);
 }
 
@@ -344,20 +422,22 @@
 	rev.diffopt.detect_rename = 1;
 	rev.diffopt.rename_limit = 200;
 	rev.diffopt.break_opt = 0;
-	rev.prune_data = s->pathspec;
+	init_pathspec(&rev.prune_data, s->pathspec);
 	run_diff_index(&rev, 1);
 }
 
 static void wt_status_collect_changes_initial(struct wt_status *s)
 {
+	struct pathspec pathspec;
 	int i;
 
+	init_pathspec(&pathspec, s->pathspec);
 	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
 		struct string_list_item *it;
 		struct wt_status_change_data *d;
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
 
-		if (!ce_path_match(ce, s->pathspec))
+		if (!ce_path_match(ce, &pathspec))
 			continue;
 		it = string_list_insert(&s->change, ce->name);
 		d = it->util;
@@ -372,6 +452,7 @@
 		else
 			d->index_status = DIFF_STATUS_ADDED;
 	}
+	free_pathspec(&pathspec);
 }
 
 static void wt_status_collect_untracked(struct wt_status *s)
@@ -569,9 +650,9 @@
 	for (i = 0; i < l->nr; i++) {
 		struct string_list_item *it;
 		it = &(l->items[i]);
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "#\t");
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_UNTRACKED, s), "%s",
-				 quote_path(it->string, strlen(it->string),
+		status_printf(s, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "\t");
+		status_printf_more(s, color(WT_STATUS_UNTRACKED, s),
+			"%s\n", quote_path(it->string, strlen(it->string),
 					    &buf, s->prefix));
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
@@ -625,28 +706,30 @@
 
 void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s)
 {
-	const char *branch_color = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
+	const char *branch_color = color(WT_STATUS_ONBRANCH, s);
+	const char *branch_status_color = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
 
 	if (s->branch) {
-		const char *on_what = "On branch ";
+		const char *on_what = _("On branch ");
 		const char *branch_name = s->branch;
 		if (!prefixcmp(branch_name, "refs/heads/"))
 			branch_name += 11;
 		else if (!strcmp(branch_name, "HEAD")) {
 			branch_name = "";
-			branch_color = color(WT_STATUS_NOBRANCH, s);
-			on_what = "Not currently on any branch.";
+			branch_status_color = color(WT_STATUS_NOBRANCH, s);
+			on_what = _("Not currently on any branch.");
 		}
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "# ");
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, branch_color, "%s%s", on_what, branch_name);
+		status_printf(s, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "");
+		status_printf_more(s, branch_status_color, "%s", on_what);
+		status_printf_more(s, branch_color, "%s\n", branch_name);
 		if (!s->is_initial)
 			wt_status_print_tracking(s);
 	}
 
 	if (s->is_initial) {
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "#");
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "# Initial commit");
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "#");
+		status_printf_ln(s, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "");
+		status_printf_ln(s, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), _("Initial commit"));
+		status_printf_ln(s, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "");
 	}
 
 	wt_status_print_updated(s);
@@ -659,38 +742,38 @@
 		wt_status_print_submodule_summary(s, 1);  /* unstaged */
 	}
 	if (s->show_untracked_files) {
-		wt_status_print_other(s, &s->untracked, "Untracked", "add");
+		wt_status_print_other(s, &s->untracked, _("Untracked"), "add");
 		if (s->show_ignored_files)
-			wt_status_print_other(s, &s->ignored, "Ignored", "add -f");
+			wt_status_print_other(s, &s->ignored, _("Ignored"), "add -f");
 	} else if (s->commitable)
-		fprintf(s->fp, "# Untracked files not listed%s\n",
+		status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL, _("Untracked files not listed%s"),
 			advice_status_hints
-			? " (use -u option to show untracked files)" : "");
+			? _(" (use -u option to show untracked files)") : "");
 
 	if (s->verbose)
 		wt_status_print_verbose(s);
 	if (!s->commitable) {
 		if (s->amend)
-			fprintf(s->fp, "# No changes\n");
+			status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL, _("No changes"));
 		else if (s->nowarn)
 			; /* nothing */
 		else if (s->workdir_dirty)
-			printf("no changes added to commit%s\n",
+			printf(_("no changes added to commit%s\n"),
 				advice_status_hints
-				? " (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")" : "");
+				? _(" (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")") : "");
 		else if (s->untracked.nr)
-			printf("nothing added to commit but untracked files present%s\n",
+			printf(_("nothing added to commit but untracked files present%s\n"),
 				advice_status_hints
-				? " (use \"git add\" to track)" : "");
+				? _(" (use \"git add\" to track)") : "");
 		else if (s->is_initial)
-			printf("nothing to commit%s\n", advice_status_hints
-				? " (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)" : "");
+			printf(_("nothing to commit%s\n"), advice_status_hints
+				? _(" (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)") : "");
 		else if (!s->show_untracked_files)
-			printf("nothing to commit%s\n", advice_status_hints
-				? " (use -u to show untracked files)" : "");
+			printf(_("nothing to commit%s\n"), advice_status_hints
+				? _(" (use -u to show untracked files)") : "");
 		else
-			printf("nothing to commit%s\n", advice_status_hints
-				? " (working directory clean)" : "");
+			printf(_("nothing to commit%s\n"), advice_status_hints
+				? _(" (working directory clean)") : "");
 	}
 }
 
@@ -744,10 +827,20 @@
 		const char *one;
 		if (d->head_path) {
 			one = quote_path(d->head_path, -1, &onebuf, s->prefix);
+			if (*one != '"' && strchr(one, ' ') != NULL) {
+				putchar('"');
+				strbuf_addch(&onebuf, '"');
+				one = onebuf.buf;
+			}
 			printf("%s -> ", one);
 			strbuf_release(&onebuf);
 		}
 		one = quote_path(it->string, -1, &onebuf, s->prefix);
+		if (*one != '"' && strchr(one, ' ') != NULL) {
+			putchar('"');
+			strbuf_addch(&onebuf, '"');
+			one = onebuf.buf;
+		}
 		printf("%s\n", one);
 		strbuf_release(&onebuf);
 	}
@@ -788,13 +881,13 @@
 	if (!prefixcmp(branch_name, "refs/heads/"))
 		branch_name += 11;
 	else if (!strcmp(branch_name, "HEAD")) {
-		branch_name = "HEAD (no branch)";
+		branch_name = _("HEAD (no branch)");
 		branch_color_local = color(WT_STATUS_NOBRANCH, s);
 	}
 
 	branch = branch_get(s->branch + 11);
 	if (s->is_initial)
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, "Initial commit on ");
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, _("Initial commit on "));
 	if (!stat_tracking_info(branch, &num_ours, &num_theirs)) {
 		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, branch_color_local,
 			"%s", branch_name);
@@ -809,15 +902,15 @@
 
 	color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, " [");
 	if (!num_ours) {
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, "behind ");
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, _("behind "));
 		color_fprintf(s->fp, branch_color_remote, "%d", num_theirs);
 	} else if (!num_theirs) {
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, "ahead ");
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, _("ahead "));
 		color_fprintf(s->fp, branch_color_local, "%d", num_ours);
 	} else {
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, "ahead ");
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, _("ahead "));
 		color_fprintf(s->fp, branch_color_local, "%d", num_ours);
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, ", behind ");
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, _(", behind "));
 		color_fprintf(s->fp, branch_color_remote, "%d", num_theirs);
 	}
 
diff --git a/wt-status.h b/wt-status.h
index 9df9c9f..682b4c8 100644
--- a/wt-status.h
+++ b/wt-status.h
@@ -13,7 +13,9 @@
 	WT_STATUS_NOBRANCH,
 	WT_STATUS_UNMERGED,
 	WT_STATUS_LOCAL_BRANCH,
-	WT_STATUS_REMOTE_BRANCH
+	WT_STATUS_REMOTE_BRANCH,
+	WT_STATUS_ONBRANCH,
+	WT_STATUS_MAXSLOT
 };
 
 enum untracked_status_type {
@@ -22,6 +24,13 @@
 	SHOW_ALL_UNTRACKED_FILES
 };
 
+/* from where does this commit originate */
+enum commit_whence {
+	FROM_COMMIT,     /* normal */
+	FROM_MERGE,      /* commit came from merge */
+	FROM_CHERRY_PICK /* commit came from cherry-pick */
+};
+
 struct wt_status_change_data {
 	int worktree_status;
 	int index_status;
@@ -38,7 +47,7 @@
 	const char **pathspec;
 	int verbose;
 	int amend;
-	int in_merge;
+	enum commit_whence whence;
 	int nowarn;
 	int use_color;
 	int relative_paths;
@@ -46,7 +55,7 @@
 	int show_ignored_files;
 	enum untracked_status_type show_untracked_files;
 	const char *ignore_submodule_arg;
-	char color_palette[WT_STATUS_REMOTE_BRANCH+1][COLOR_MAXLEN];
+	char color_palette[WT_STATUS_MAXSLOT][COLOR_MAXLEN];
 
 	/* These are computed during processing of the individual sections */
 	int commitable;
@@ -66,4 +75,11 @@
 void wt_shortstatus_print(struct wt_status *s, int null_termination, int show_branch);
 void wt_porcelain_print(struct wt_status *s, int null_termination);
 
+void status_printf_ln(struct wt_status *s, const char *color, const char *fmt, ...)
+	;
+void status_printf(struct wt_status *s, const char *color, const char *fmt, ...)
+	;
+void status_printf_more(struct wt_status *s, const char *color, const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format(printf, 3, 4)));
+
 #endif /* STATUS_H */
diff --git a/xdiff-interface.c b/xdiff-interface.c
index e1e054e..0e2c169 100644
--- a/xdiff-interface.c
+++ b/xdiff-interface.c
@@ -212,8 +212,10 @@
 		return error("Could not open %s", filename);
 	sz = xsize_t(st.st_size);
 	ptr->ptr = xmalloc(sz ? sz : 1);
-	if (sz && fread(ptr->ptr, sz, 1, f) != 1)
+	if (sz && fread(ptr->ptr, sz, 1, f) != 1) {
+		fclose(f);
 		return error("Could not read %s", filename);
+	}
 	fclose(f);
 	ptr->size = sz;
 	return 0;
@@ -345,7 +347,7 @@
 
 int git_xmerge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
-	if (!strcasecmp(var, "merge.conflictstyle")) {
+	if (!strcmp(var, "merge.conflictstyle")) {
 		if (!value)
 			die("'%s' is not a boolean", var);
 		if (!strcmp(value, "diff3"))
diff --git a/xdiff/xemit.c b/xdiff/xemit.c
index c4bedf0..277e2ee 100644
--- a/xdiff/xemit.c
+++ b/xdiff/xemit.c
@@ -85,27 +85,6 @@
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static void xdl_find_func(xdfile_t *xf, long i, char *buf, long sz, long *ll,
-		find_func_t ff, void *ff_priv) {
-
-	/*
-	 * Be quite stupid about this for now.  Find a line in the old file
-	 * before the start of the hunk (and context) which starts with a
-	 * plausible character.
-	 */
-
-	const char *rec;
-	long len;
-
-	while (i-- > 0) {
-		len = xdl_get_rec(xf, i, &rec);
-		if ((*ll = ff(rec, len, buf, sz, ff_priv)) >= 0)
-			return;
-	}
-	*ll = 0;
-}
-
-
 static int xdl_emit_common(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitcb_t *ecb,
                            xdemitconf_t const *xecfg) {
 	xdfile_t *xdf = &xe->xdf1;
@@ -127,6 +106,7 @@
 	xdchange_t *xch, *xche;
 	char funcbuf[80];
 	long funclen = 0;
+	long funclineprev = -1;
 	find_func_t ff = xecfg->find_func ?  xecfg->find_func : def_ff;
 
 	if (xecfg->flags & XDL_EMIT_COMMON)
@@ -150,9 +130,19 @@
 		 */
 
 		if (xecfg->flags & XDL_EMIT_FUNCNAMES) {
-			xdl_find_func(&xe->xdf1, s1, funcbuf,
-				      sizeof(funcbuf), &funclen,
-				      ff, xecfg->find_func_priv);
+			long l;
+			for (l = s1 - 1; l >= 0 && l > funclineprev; l--) {
+				const char *rec;
+				long reclen = xdl_get_rec(&xe->xdf1, l, &rec);
+				long newfunclen = ff(rec, reclen, funcbuf,
+						     sizeof(funcbuf),
+						     xecfg->find_func_priv);
+				if (newfunclen >= 0) {
+					funclen = newfunclen;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+			funclineprev = s1 - 1;
 		}
 		if (xdl_emit_hunk_hdr(s1 + 1, e1 - s1, s2 + 1, e2 - s2,
 				      funcbuf, funclen, ecb) < 0)
diff --git a/zlib.c b/zlib.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c4d58da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zlib.c
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * zlib wrappers to make sure we don't silently miss errors
+ * at init time.
+ */
+#include "cache.h"
+
+void git_inflate_init(z_streamp strm)
+{
+	const char *err;
+
+	switch (inflateInit(strm)) {
+	case Z_OK:
+		return;
+
+	case Z_MEM_ERROR:
+		err = "out of memory";
+		break;
+	case Z_VERSION_ERROR:
+		err = "wrong version";
+		break;
+	default:
+		err = "error";
+	}
+	die("inflateInit: %s (%s)", err, strm->msg ? strm->msg : "no message");
+}
+
+void git_inflate_end(z_streamp strm)
+{
+	if (inflateEnd(strm) != Z_OK)
+		error("inflateEnd: %s", strm->msg ? strm->msg : "failed");
+}
+
+int git_inflate(z_streamp strm, int flush)
+{
+	int ret = inflate(strm, flush);
+	const char *err;
+
+	switch (ret) {
+	/* Out of memory is fatal. */
+	case Z_MEM_ERROR:
+		die("inflate: out of memory");
+
+	/* Data corruption errors: we may want to recover from them (fsck) */
+	case Z_NEED_DICT:
+		err = "needs dictionary"; break;
+	case Z_DATA_ERROR:
+		err = "data stream error"; break;
+	case Z_STREAM_ERROR:
+		err = "stream consistency error"; break;
+	default:
+		err = "unknown error"; break;
+
+	/* Z_BUF_ERROR: normal, needs more space in the output buffer */
+	case Z_BUF_ERROR:
+	case Z_OK:
+	case Z_STREAM_END:
+		return ret;
+	}
+	error("inflate: %s (%s)", err, strm->msg ? strm->msg : "no message");
+	return ret;
+}