Merge tag 'l10n-2.19.0-rnd2' of git://github.com/git-l10n/git-po

l10n for Git 2.19.0 round 2

* tag 'l10n-2.19.0-rnd2' of git://github.com/git-l10n/git-po:
  l10n: zh_CN: for git v2.19.0 l10n round 1 to 2
  l10n: bg.po: Updated Bulgarian translation (3958t)
  l10n: vi.po(3958t): updated Vietnamese translation v2.19.0 round 2
  l10n: es.po v2.19.0 round 2
  l10n: fr.po v2.19.0 rnd 2
  l10n: fr.po v2.19.0 rnd 1
  l10n: fr: fix a message seen in git bisect
  l10n: sv.po: Update Swedish translation (3958t0f0u)
  l10n: git.pot: v2.19.0 round 2 (3 new, 5 removed)
  l10n: ru.po: update Russian translation
  l10n: git.pot: v2.19.0 round 1 (382 new, 30 removed)
  l10n: de.po: translate 108 new messages
  l10n: zh_CN: review for git 2.18.0
  l10n: sv.po: Update Swedish translation(3608t0f0u)
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.19.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.19.0.txt
index 6a33158..f2fb437 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.19.0.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.19.0.txt
@@ -267,6 +267,11 @@
    config.txt file but are described in another file that is included
    by it, which has been corrected.
 
+ * The test linter code has learned that the end of here-doc mark
+   "EOF" can be quoted in a double-quote pair, not just in a
+   single-quote pair.
+
+
 Fixes since v2.18
 -----------------
 
@@ -556,6 +561,23 @@
    which has been fixed.
    (merge 9bf5d4c4e2 nd/config-core-checkstat-doc later to maint).
 
+ * Recent "git rebase -i" update started to write bogusly formatted
+   author-script, with a matching broken reading code.  These are
+   fixed.
+
+ * Recent addition of "directory rename" heuristics to the
+   merge-recursive backend makes the command susceptible to false
+   positives and false negatives.  In the context of "git am -3",
+   which does not know about surrounding unmodified paths and thus
+   cannot inform the merge machinery about the full trees involved,
+   this risk is particularly severe.  As such, the heuristic is
+   disabled for "git am -3" to keep the machinery "more stupid but
+   predictable".
+
+ * "git merge-base" in 2.19-rc1 has performance regression when the
+   (experimental) commit-graph feature is in use, which has been
+   mitigated.
+
  * Code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
    (merge aee9be2ebe sg/update-ref-stdin-cleanup later to maint).
    (merge 037714252f jc/clean-after-sanity-tests later to maint).
@@ -598,3 +620,4 @@
    (merge 79b04f9b60 sg/t3903-missing-fix later to maint).
    (merge 2745817028 sg/t3420-autostash-fix later to maint).
    (merge 7afb0d6777 sg/test-rebase-editor-fix later to maint).
+   (merge 6c6ce21baa es/freebsd-iconv-portability later to maint).
diff --git a/builtin/am.c b/builtin/am.c
index 9f7ecf6..5e866d1 100644
--- a/builtin/am.c
+++ b/builtin/am.c
@@ -1598,6 +1598,7 @@ static int fall_back_threeway(const struct am_state *state, const char *index_pa
 	o.branch1 = "HEAD";
 	their_tree_name = xstrfmt("%.*s", linelen(state->msg), state->msg);
 	o.branch2 = their_tree_name;
+	o.detect_directory_renames = 0;
 
 	if (state->quiet)
 		o.verbosity = 0;
diff --git a/builtin/submodule--helper.c b/builtin/submodule--helper.c
index b56028ba..f6fb899 100644
--- a/builtin/submodule--helper.c
+++ b/builtin/submodule--helper.c
@@ -1123,8 +1123,6 @@ static void deinit_submodule(const char *path, const char *prefix,
 		if (!(flags & OPT_QUIET))
 			printf(format, displaypath);
 
-		submodule_unset_core_worktree(sub);
-
 		strbuf_release(&sb_rm);
 	}
 
@@ -2005,29 +2003,6 @@ static int check_name(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int connect_gitdir_workingtree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
-{
-	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-	const char *name, *path;
-	char *sm_gitdir;
-
-	if (argc != 3)
-		BUG("submodule--helper connect-gitdir-workingtree <name> <path>");
-
-	name = argv[1];
-	path = argv[2];
-
-	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s/modules/%s", get_git_dir(), name);
-	sm_gitdir = absolute_pathdup(sb.buf);
-
-	connect_work_tree_and_git_dir(path, sm_gitdir, 0);
-
-	strbuf_release(&sb);
-	free(sm_gitdir);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
 #define SUPPORT_SUPER_PREFIX (1<<0)
 
 struct cmd_struct {
@@ -2041,7 +2016,6 @@ static struct cmd_struct commands[] = {
 	{"name", module_name, 0},
 	{"clone", module_clone, 0},
 	{"update-clone", update_clone, 0},
-	{"connect-gitdir-workingtree", connect_gitdir_workingtree, 0},
 	{"relative-path", resolve_relative_path, 0},
 	{"resolve-relative-url", resolve_relative_url, 0},
 	{"resolve-relative-url-test", resolve_relative_url_test, 0},
diff --git a/commit.c b/commit.c
index 1a6e632..449c1f4 100644
--- a/commit.c
+++ b/commit.c
@@ -874,6 +874,9 @@ static struct commit_list *paint_down_to_common(struct commit *one, int n,
 	int i;
 	uint32_t last_gen = GENERATION_NUMBER_INFINITY;
 
+	if (!min_generation)
+		queue.compare = compare_commits_by_commit_date;
+
 	one->object.flags |= PARENT1;
 	if (!n) {
 		commit_list_append(one, &result);
@@ -891,7 +894,7 @@ static struct commit_list *paint_down_to_common(struct commit *one, int n,
 		struct commit_list *parents;
 		int flags;
 
-		if (commit->generation > last_gen)
+		if (min_generation && commit->generation > last_gen)
 			BUG("bad generation skip %8x > %8x at %s",
 			    commit->generation, last_gen,
 			    oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
diff --git a/config.mak.uname b/config.mak.uname
index 2be2f19..e47af72 100644
--- a/config.mak.uname
+++ b/config.mak.uname
@@ -192,7 +192,17 @@
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),FreeBSD)
 	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	OLD_ICONV = YesPlease
+	# Versions up to 10.1 require OLD_ICONV; 10.2 and beyond don't.
+	# A typical version string looks like "10.2-RELEASE".
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '[1-9]\.'),2)
+		OLD_ICONV = YesPlease
+	endif
+	ifeq ($(firstword $(subst -, ,$(uname_R))),10.0)
+		OLD_ICONV = YesPlease
+	endif
+	ifeq ($(firstword $(subst -, ,$(uname_R))),10.1)
+		OLD_ICONV = YesPlease
+	endif
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
 	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
diff --git a/git-submodule.sh b/git-submodule.sh
index f7fd803..1cb2c0a 100755
--- a/git-submodule.sh
+++ b/git-submodule.sh
@@ -580,11 +580,6 @@
 			die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to find current \${remote_name}/\${branch} revision in submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
 		fi
 
-		if ! $(git config -f "$(git rev-parse --git-common-dir)/modules/$name/config" core.worktree) 2>/dev/null
-		then
-			git submodule--helper connect-gitdir-workingtree "$name" "$sm_path"
-		fi
-
 		if test "$subsha1" != "$sha1" || test -n "$force"
 		then
 			subforce=$force
diff --git a/http-backend.c b/http-backend.c
index 88c38c8..458642e 100644
--- a/http-backend.c
+++ b/http-backend.c
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ static ssize_t get_content_length(void)
 	ssize_t val = -1;
 	const char *str = getenv("CONTENT_LENGTH");
 
-	if (str && !git_parse_ssize_t(str, &val))
+	if (str && *str && !git_parse_ssize_t(str, &val))
 		die("failed to parse CONTENT_LENGTH: %s", str);
 	return val;
 }
diff --git a/merge-recursive.c b/merge-recursive.c
index dcdc930..e5243db 100644
--- a/merge-recursive.c
+++ b/merge-recursive.c
@@ -2869,12 +2869,19 @@ static int detect_and_process_renames(struct merge_options *o,
 	head_pairs = get_diffpairs(o, common, head);
 	merge_pairs = get_diffpairs(o, common, merge);
 
-	dir_re_head = get_directory_renames(head_pairs, head);
-	dir_re_merge = get_directory_renames(merge_pairs, merge);
+	if (o->detect_directory_renames) {
+		dir_re_head = get_directory_renames(head_pairs, head);
+		dir_re_merge = get_directory_renames(merge_pairs, merge);
 
-	handle_directory_level_conflicts(o,
-					 dir_re_head, head,
-					 dir_re_merge, merge);
+		handle_directory_level_conflicts(o,
+						 dir_re_head, head,
+						 dir_re_merge, merge);
+	} else {
+		dir_re_head  = xmalloc(sizeof(*dir_re_head));
+		dir_re_merge = xmalloc(sizeof(*dir_re_merge));
+		dir_rename_init(dir_re_head);
+		dir_rename_init(dir_re_merge);
+	}
 
 	ri->head_renames  = get_renames(o, head_pairs,
 					dir_re_merge, dir_re_head, head,
@@ -3586,6 +3593,7 @@ void init_merge_options(struct merge_options *o)
 	o->renormalize = 0;
 	o->diff_detect_rename = -1;
 	o->merge_detect_rename = -1;
+	o->detect_directory_renames = 1;
 	merge_recursive_config(o);
 	merge_verbosity = getenv("GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY");
 	if (merge_verbosity)
diff --git a/merge-recursive.h b/merge-recursive.h
index 0c46a5a..e6a0828 100644
--- a/merge-recursive.h
+++ b/merge-recursive.h
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ struct merge_options {
 	unsigned renormalize : 1;
 	long xdl_opts;
 	int verbosity;
+	int detect_directory_renames;
 	int diff_detect_rename;
 	int merge_detect_rename;
 	int diff_rename_limit;
diff --git a/sequencer.c b/sequencer.c
index 84bf598..dc2c58d 100644
--- a/sequencer.c
+++ b/sequencer.c
@@ -639,7 +639,7 @@ static int write_author_script(const char *message)
 		else if (*message != '\'')
 			strbuf_addch(&buf, *(message++));
 		else
-			strbuf_addf(&buf, "'\\\\%c'", *(message++));
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "'\\%c'", *(message++));
 	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "'\nGIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL='");
 	while (*message && *message != '\n' && *message != '\r')
 		if (skip_prefix(message, "> ", &message))
@@ -647,19 +647,37 @@ static int write_author_script(const char *message)
 		else if (*message != '\'')
 			strbuf_addch(&buf, *(message++));
 		else
-			strbuf_addf(&buf, "'\\\\%c'", *(message++));
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "'\\%c'", *(message++));
 	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "'\nGIT_AUTHOR_DATE='@");
 	while (*message && *message != '\n' && *message != '\r')
 		if (*message != '\'')
 			strbuf_addch(&buf, *(message++));
 		else
-			strbuf_addf(&buf, "'\\\\%c'", *(message++));
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "'\\%c'", *(message++));
 	strbuf_addch(&buf, '\'');
 	res = write_message(buf.buf, buf.len, rebase_path_author_script(), 1);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	return res;
 }
 
+
+/*
+ * write_author_script() used to fail to terminate the last line with a "'" and
+ * also escaped "'" incorrectly as "'\\\\''" rather than "'\\''". We check for
+ * the terminating "'" on the last line to see how "'" has been escaped in case
+ * git was upgraded while rebase was stopped.
+ */
+static int quoting_is_broken(const char *s, size_t n)
+{
+	/* Skip any empty lines in case the file was hand edited */
+	while (n > 0 && s[--n] == '\n')
+		; /* empty */
+	if (n > 0 && s[n] != '\'')
+		return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /*
  * Read a list of environment variable assignments (such as the author-script
  * file) into an environment block. Returns -1 on error, 0 otherwise.
@@ -667,14 +685,18 @@ static int write_author_script(const char *message)
 static int read_env_script(struct argv_array *env)
 {
 	struct strbuf script = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int i, count = 0;
-	char *p, *p2;
+	int i, count = 0, sq_bug;
+	const char *p2;
+	char *p;
 
 	if (strbuf_read_file(&script, rebase_path_author_script(), 256) <= 0)
 		return -1;
-
+	/* write_author_script() used to quote incorrectly */
+	sq_bug = quoting_is_broken(script.buf, script.len);
 	for (p = script.buf; *p; p++)
-		if (skip_prefix(p, "'\\\\''", (const char **)&p2))
+		if (sq_bug && skip_prefix(p, "'\\\\''", &p2))
+			strbuf_splice(&script, p - script.buf, p2 - p, "'", 1);
+		else if (skip_prefix(p, "'\\''", &p2))
 			strbuf_splice(&script, p - script.buf, p2 - p, "'", 1);
 		else if (*p == '\'')
 			strbuf_splice(&script, p-- - script.buf, 1, "", 0);
@@ -798,11 +820,18 @@ static int run_git_commit(const char *defmsg, struct replay_opts *opts,
 
 	if ((flags & CREATE_ROOT_COMMIT) && !(flags & AMEND_MSG)) {
 		struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT, script = STRBUF_INIT;
-		const char *author = is_rebase_i(opts) ?
-			read_author_ident(&script) : NULL;
+		const char *author = NULL;
 		struct object_id root_commit, *cache_tree_oid;
 		int res = 0;
 
+		if (is_rebase_i(opts)) {
+			author = read_author_ident(&script);
+			if (!author) {
+				strbuf_release(&script);
+				return -1;
+			}
+		}
+
 		if (!defmsg)
 			BUG("root commit without message");
 
diff --git a/submodule.c b/submodule.c
index 50cbf5f..a2b266f 100644
--- a/submodule.c
+++ b/submodule.c
@@ -1534,18 +1534,6 @@ int bad_to_remove_submodule(const char *path, unsigned flags)
 	return ret;
 }
 
-void submodule_unset_core_worktree(const struct submodule *sub)
-{
-	char *config_path = xstrfmt("%s/modules/%s/config",
-				    get_git_common_dir(), sub->name);
-
-	if (git_config_set_in_file_gently(config_path, "core.worktree", NULL))
-		warning(_("Could not unset core.worktree setting in submodule '%s'"),
-			  sub->path);
-
-	free(config_path);
-}
-
 static const char *get_super_prefix_or_empty(void)
 {
 	const char *s = get_super_prefix();
@@ -1711,8 +1699,6 @@ int submodule_move_head(const char *path,
 
 			if (is_empty_dir(path))
 				rmdir_or_warn(path);
-
-			submodule_unset_core_worktree(sub);
 		}
 	}
 out:
diff --git a/submodule.h b/submodule.h
index 7d476ce..e452919 100644
--- a/submodule.h
+++ b/submodule.h
@@ -127,8 +127,6 @@ int submodule_move_head(const char *path,
 			const char *new_head,
 			unsigned flags);
 
-void submodule_unset_core_worktree(const struct submodule *sub);
-
 /*
  * Prepare the "env_array" parameter of a "struct child_process" for executing
  * a submodule by clearing any repo-specific environment variables, but
diff --git a/t/chainlint.sed b/t/chainlint.sed
index 8544df3..70df40e 100644
--- a/t/chainlint.sed
+++ b/t/chainlint.sed
@@ -94,14 +94,14 @@
 
 # here-doc -- swallow it to avoid false hits within its body (but keep the
 # command to which it was attached)
-/<<[ 	]*[-\\']*[A-Za-z0-9_]/ {
-	s/^\(.*\)<<[ 	]*[-\\']*\([A-Za-z0-9_][A-Za-z0-9_]*\)'*/<\2>\1<</
+/<<[ 	]*[-\\'"]*[A-Za-z0-9_]/ {
+	s/^\(.*\)<<[ 	]*[-\\'"]*\([A-Za-z0-9_][A-Za-z0-9_]*\)['"]*/<\2>\1<</
 	s/[ 	]*<<//
-	:hereslurp
+	:hered
 	N
 	/^<\([^>]*\)>.*\n[ 	]*\1[ 	]*$/!{
 		s/\n.*$//
-		bhereslurp
+		bhered
 	}
 	s/^<[^>]*>//
 	s/\n.*$//
@@ -131,9 +131,8 @@
 b
 
 :subshell
-# bare "(" line?
+# bare "(" line? -- stash for later printing
 /^[ 	]*([	]*$/ {
-	# stash for later printing
 	h
 	bnextline
 }
@@ -150,7 +149,7 @@
 
 :slurp
 # incomplete line "...\"
-/\\$/bincomplete
+/\\$/bicmplte
 # multi-line quoted string "...\n..."?
 /"/bdqstring
 # multi-line quoted string '...\n...'? (but not contraction in string "it's")
@@ -159,7 +158,7 @@
 }
 :folded
 # here-doc -- swallow it
-/<<[ 	]*[-\\']*[A-Za-z0-9_]/bheredoc
+/<<[ 	]*[-\\'"]*[A-Za-z0-9_]/bheredoc
 # comment or empty line -- discard since final non-comment, non-empty line
 # before closing ")", "done", "elsif", "else", or "fi" will need to be
 # re-visited to drop "suspect" marking since final line of those constructs
@@ -172,7 +171,7 @@
 	/"[^"]*#[^"]*"/!s/[ 	]#.*$//
 }
 # one-liner "case ... esac"
-/^[ 	]*case[ 	]*..*esac/bcheckchain
+/^[ 	]*case[ 	]*..*esac/bchkchn
 # multi-line "case ... esac"
 /^[ 	]*case[ 	]..*[ 	]in/bcase
 # multi-line "for ... done" or "while ... done"
@@ -201,32 +200,32 @@
 /^[ 	]*fi[ 	]*[<>|]/bdone
 /^[ 	]*fi[ 	]*)/bdone
 # nested one-liner "(...) &&"
-/^[ 	]*(.*)[ 	]*&&[ 	]*$/bcheckchain
+/^[ 	]*(.*)[ 	]*&&[ 	]*$/bchkchn
 # nested one-liner "(...)"
-/^[ 	]*(.*)[ 	]*$/bcheckchain
+/^[ 	]*(.*)[ 	]*$/bchkchn
 # nested one-liner "(...) >x" (or "2>x" or "<x" or "|x")
-/^[ 	]*(.*)[ 	]*[0-9]*[<>|]/bcheckchain
+/^[ 	]*(.*)[ 	]*[0-9]*[<>|]/bchkchn
 # nested multi-line "(...\n...)"
 /^[ 	]*(/bnest
 # multi-line "{...\n...}"
 /^[ 	]*{/bblock
 # closing ")" on own line -- exit subshell
-/^[ 	]*)/bclosesolo
+/^[ 	]*)/bclssolo
 # "$((...))" -- arithmetic expansion; not closing ")"
-/\$(([^)][^)]*))[^)]*$/bcheckchain
+/\$(([^)][^)]*))[^)]*$/bchkchn
 # "$(...)" -- command substitution; not closing ")"
-/\$([^)][^)]*)[^)]*$/bcheckchain
+/\$([^)][^)]*)[^)]*$/bchkchn
 # multi-line "$(...\n...)" -- command substitution; treat as nested subshell
 /\$([^)]*$/bnest
 # "=(...)" -- Bash array assignment; not closing ")"
-/=(/bcheckchain
+/=(/bchkchn
 # closing "...) &&"
 /)[ 	]*&&[ 	]*$/bclose
 # closing "...)"
 /)[ 	]*$/bclose
 # closing "...) >x" (or "2>x" or "<x" or "|x")
 /)[ 	]*[<>|]/bclose
-:checkchain
+:chkchn
 # mark suspect if line uses ";" internally rather than "&&" (but not ";" in a
 # string and not ";;" in one-liner "case...esac")
 /;/{
@@ -245,7 +244,7 @@
 bslurp
 
 # found incomplete line "...\" -- slurp up next line
-:incomplete
+:icmplte
 N
 s/\\\n//
 bslurp
@@ -281,13 +280,13 @@
 # found here-doc -- swallow it to avoid false hits within its body (but keep
 # the command to which it was attached)
 :heredoc
-s/^\(.*\)<<[ 	]*[-\\']*\([A-Za-z0-9_][A-Za-z0-9_]*\)'*/<\2>\1<</
+s/^\(.*\)<<[ 	]*[-\\'"]*\([A-Za-z0-9_][A-Za-z0-9_]*\)['"]*/<\2>\1<</
 s/[ 	]*<<//
-:hereslurpsub
+:heredsub
 N
 /^<\([^>]*\)>.*\n[ 	]*\1[ 	]*$/!{
 	s/\n.*$//
-	bhereslurpsub
+	bheredsub
 }
 s/^<[^>]*>//
 s/\n.*$//
@@ -317,43 +316,43 @@
 # is 'done' or 'fi' cuddled with ")" to close subshell?
 /done.*)/bclose
 /fi.*)/bclose
-bcheckchain
+bchkchn
 
 # found nested multi-line "(...\n...)" -- pass through untouched
 :nest
 x
-:nestslurp
+:nstslurp
 n
 # closing ")" on own line -- stop nested slurp
-/^[ 	]*)/bnestclose
+/^[ 	]*)/bnstclose
 # comment -- not closing ")" if in comment
-/^[ 	]*#/bnestcontinue
+/^[ 	]*#/bnstcnt
 # "$((...))" -- arithmetic expansion; not closing ")"
-/\$(([^)][^)]*))[^)]*$/bnestcontinue
+/\$(([^)][^)]*))[^)]*$/bnstcnt
 # "$(...)" -- command substitution; not closing ")"
-/\$([^)][^)]*)[^)]*$/bnestcontinue
+/\$([^)][^)]*)[^)]*$/bnstcnt
 # closing "...)" -- stop nested slurp
-/)/bnestclose
-:nestcontinue
+/)/bnstclose
+:nstcnt
 x
-bnestslurp
-:nestclose
+bnstslurp
+:nstclose
 s/^/>>/
 # is it "))" which closes nested and parent subshells?
 /)[ 	]*)/bslurp
-bcheckchain
+bchkchn
 
 # found multi-line "{...\n...}" block -- pass through untouched
 :block
 x
 n
 # closing "}" -- stop block slurp
-/}/bcheckchain
+/}/bchkchn
 bblock
 
 # found closing ")" on own line -- drop "suspect" from final line of subshell
 # since that line legitimately lacks "&&" and exit subshell loop
-:closesolo
+:clssolo
 x
 s/?!AMP?!//
 p
diff --git a/t/chainlint/here-doc.expect b/t/chainlint/here-doc.expect
index aff6568..534b065 100644
--- a/t/chainlint/here-doc.expect
+++ b/t/chainlint/here-doc.expect
@@ -4,4 +4,6 @@
 
 cat >bar &&
 
+cat >boo &&
+
 horticulture
diff --git a/t/chainlint/here-doc.test b/t/chainlint/here-doc.test
index f2bb14b..ad4ce8a 100644
--- a/t/chainlint/here-doc.test
+++ b/t/chainlint/here-doc.test
@@ -21,6 +21,13 @@
 woz
 FUMP
 
+# LINT: swallow "quoted" here-doc
+cat <<"zump" >boo &&
+snoz
+boz
+woz
+zump
+
 # LINT: swallow here-doc (EOF is last line of test)
 horticulture <<\EOF
 gomez
diff --git a/t/chainlint/subshell-here-doc.expect b/t/chainlint/subshell-here-doc.expect
index 7663ea7..74723e7 100644
--- a/t/chainlint/subshell-here-doc.expect
+++ b/t/chainlint/subshell-here-doc.expect
@@ -6,5 +6,6 @@
 (
 	cat >bup &&
 	cat >bup2 &&
+	cat >bup3 &&
 	meep
 >)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/subshell-here-doc.test b/t/chainlint/subshell-here-doc.test
index b6b5a9b..f6b3ba4 100644
--- a/t/chainlint/subshell-here-doc.test
+++ b/t/chainlint/subshell-here-doc.test
@@ -31,5 +31,9 @@
 	glink
 	FIZZ
 	ARBITRARY2
+	cat <<-"ARBITRARY3" >bup3 &&
+	glink
+	FIZZ
+	ARBITRARY3
 	meep
 )
diff --git a/t/check-non-portable-shell.pl b/t/check-non-portable-shell.pl
index d5823f7..b45bdac 100755
--- a/t/check-non-portable-shell.pl
+++ b/t/check-non-portable-shell.pl
@@ -41,6 +41,9 @@
 	/^\s*[^#]\s*which\s/ and err 'which is not portable (use type)';
 	/\btest\s+[^=]*==/ and err '"test a == b" is not portable (use =)';
 	/\bwc -l.*"\s*=/ and err '`"$(wc -l)"` is not portable (use test_line_count)';
+	/\bhead\s+-c\b/ and err 'head -c is not portable (use test_copy_bytes BYTES <file >out)';
+	/(?:\$\(seq|^\s*seq\b)/ and err 'seq is not portable (use test_seq)';
+	/\bgrep\b.*--file\b/ and err 'grep --file FILE is not portable (use grep -f FILE)';
 	/\bexport\s+[A-Za-z0-9_]*=/ and err '"export FOO=bar" is not portable (use FOO=bar && export FOO)';
 	/^\s*([A-Z0-9_]+=(\w+|(["']).*?\3)\s+)+(\w+)/ and exists($func{$4}) and
 		err '"FOO=bar shell_func" assignment extends beyond "shell_func"';
diff --git a/t/lib-submodule-update.sh b/t/lib-submodule-update.sh
index 5b56b23..0163917 100755
--- a/t/lib-submodule-update.sh
+++ b/t/lib-submodule-update.sh
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@
 	then
 		mkdir -p submodule_update/.git/modules/sub1/modules &&
 		cp -r submodule_update_repo/.git/modules/sub1/modules/sub2 submodule_update/.git/modules/sub1/modules/sub2
-		# core.worktree is unset for sub2 as it is not checked out
+		GIT_WORK_TREE=. git -C submodule_update/.git/modules/sub1/modules/sub2 config --unset core.worktree
 	fi &&
 	# indicate we are interested in the submodule:
 	git -C submodule_update config submodule.sub1.url "bogus" &&
@@ -709,8 +709,7 @@
 			git branch -t remove_sub1 origin/remove_sub1 &&
 			$command remove_sub1 &&
 			test_superproject_content origin/remove_sub1 &&
-			! test -e sub1 &&
-			test_must_fail git config -f .git/modules/sub1/config core.worktree
+			! test -e sub1
 		)
 	'
 	# ... absorbing a .git directory along the way.
diff --git a/t/t0019/parse_json.perl b/t/t0019/parse_json.perl
index ca4e5bf..fea87fb 100644
--- a/t/t0019/parse_json.perl
+++ b/t/t0019/parse_json.perl
@@ -34,6 +34,9 @@
     } elsif (ref($value) eq 'HASH') {
 	print "$label_in hash\n";
 	dump_hash($label_in, $value);
+    } elsif (ref $value) {
+	my $bool = $value ? 1 : 0;
+	print "$label_in $bool\n";
     } elsif (defined $value) {
 	print "$label_in $value\n";
     } else {
diff --git a/t/t0028-working-tree-encoding.sh b/t/t0028-working-tree-encoding.sh
index 12b8eb9..7e87b5a 100755
--- a/t/t0028-working-tree-encoding.sh
+++ b/t/t0028-working-tree-encoding.sh
@@ -203,7 +203,11 @@
 	test_i18ngrep "error: BOM is required" err.out
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'check roundtrip encoding' '
+test_lazy_prereq ICONV_SHIFT_JIS '
+	iconv -f UTF-8 -t SHIFT-JIS </dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success ICONV_SHIFT_JIS 'check roundtrip encoding' '
 	test_when_finished "rm -f roundtrip.shift roundtrip.utf16" &&
 	test_when_finished "git reset --hard HEAD" &&
 
diff --git a/t/t3401-rebase-and-am-rename.sh b/t/t3401-rebase-and-am-rename.sh
index 8f83295..e0b5111 100755
--- a/t/t3401-rebase-and-am-rename.sh
+++ b/t/t3401-rebase-and-am-rename.sh
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-rebase.sh
 
-test_expect_success 'setup testcase' '
+test_expect_success 'setup testcase where directory rename should be detected' '
 	test_create_repo dir-rename &&
 	(
 		cd dir-rename &&
@@ -102,4 +102,112 @@
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'setup testcase where directory rename should NOT be detected' '
+	test_create_repo no-dir-rename &&
+	(
+		cd no-dir-rename &&
+
+		mkdir x &&
+		test_seq  1 10 >x/a &&
+		test_seq 11 20 >x/b &&
+		test_seq 21 30 >x/c &&
+		echo original >project_info &&
+		git add x project_info &&
+		git commit -m "Initial" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		echo v2 >project_info &&
+		git add project_info &&
+		git commit -m "Modify project_info" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		mkdir y &&
+		git mv x/c y/c &&
+		echo v1 >project_info &&
+		git add project_info &&
+		git commit -m "Rename x/c to y/c, modify project_info"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --interactive: NO directory rename' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C no-dir-rename rebase --abort" &&
+	(
+		cd no-dir-rename &&
+
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+
+		set_fake_editor &&
+		test_must_fail env FAKE_LINES="1" git rebase --interactive A &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 6 out &&
+
+		test_path_is_file x/a &&
+		test_path_is_file x/b &&
+		test_path_is_missing x/c
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase (am): NO directory rename' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C no-dir-rename rebase --abort" &&
+	(
+		cd no-dir-rename &&
+
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+
+		set_fake_editor &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase A &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 6 out &&
+
+		test_path_is_file x/a &&
+		test_path_is_file x/b &&
+		test_path_is_missing x/c
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --merge: NO directory rename' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C no-dir-rename rebase --abort" &&
+	(
+		cd no-dir-rename &&
+
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+
+		set_fake_editor &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase --merge A &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 6 out &&
+
+		test_path_is_file x/a &&
+		test_path_is_file x/b &&
+		test_path_is_missing x/c
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am: NO directory rename' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C no-dir-rename am --abort" &&
+	(
+		cd no-dir-rename &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git format-patch -1 B &&
+
+		test_must_fail git am --3way 0001*.patch &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 6 out &&
+
+		test_path_is_file x/a &&
+		test_path_is_file x/b &&
+		test_path_is_missing x/c
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh b/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
index 259c272..86bba5e 100755
--- a/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
+++ b/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
@@ -1426,9 +1426,21 @@
 test_expect_success 'valid author header after --root swap' '
 	rebase_setup_and_clean author-header no-conflict-branch &&
 	set_fake_editor &&
-	FAKE_LINES="2 1" git rebase -i --root &&
-	git cat-file commit HEAD^ >out &&
-	grep "^author ..*> [0-9][0-9]* [-+][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]$" out
+	git commit --amend --author="Au ${SQ}thor <author@example.com>" --no-edit &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | grep ^author >expected &&
+	FAKE_LINES="5 1" git rebase -i --root &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD^ | grep ^author >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'valid author header when author contains single quote' '
+	rebase_setup_and_clean author-header no-conflict-branch &&
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	git commit --amend --author="Au ${SQ}thor <author@example.com>" --no-edit &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | grep ^author >expected &&
+	FAKE_LINES="2" git rebase -i HEAD~2 &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | grep ^author >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4013-diff-various.sh b/t/t4013-diff-various.sh
index f8d8535..73f7038 100755
--- a/t/t4013-diff-various.sh
+++ b/t/t4013-diff-various.sh
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@
 	expect="$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4013/diff.$test"
 	actual="$pfx-diff.$test"
 
-	test_expect_success "git $cmd # magic is ${magic:-"(not used)"}" '
+	test_expect_success "git $cmd # magic is ${magic:-(not used)}" '
 		{
 			echo "$ git $cmd"
 			case "$magic" in
diff --git a/t/t5310-pack-bitmaps.sh b/t/t5310-pack-bitmaps.sh
index 557bd0d..7bff792 100755
--- a/t/t5310-pack-bitmaps.sh
+++ b/t/t5310-pack-bitmaps.sh
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@
 	git rev-list --use-bitmap-index --count --all >expect &&
 	bitmap=$(ls .git/objects/pack/*.bitmap) &&
 	test_when_finished "rm -f $bitmap" &&
-	head -c 512 <$bitmap >$bitmap.tmp &&
+	test_copy_bytes 512 <$bitmap >$bitmap.tmp &&
 	mv -f $bitmap.tmp $bitmap &&
 	git rev-list --use-bitmap-index --count --all >actual 2>stderr &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
diff --git a/t/t5318-commit-graph.sh b/t/t5318-commit-graph.sh
index 3c1ffad..0c500f7 100755
--- a/t/t5318-commit-graph.sh
+++ b/t/t5318-commit-graph.sh
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@
 	git branch commits/8 &&
 	ls $objdir/pack | grep idx >existing-idx &&
 	git repack &&
-	ls $objdir/pack| grep idx | grep -v --file=existing-idx >new-idx
+	ls $objdir/pack| grep idx | grep -v -f existing-idx >new-idx
 '
 
 # Current graph structure:
diff --git a/t/t5552-skipping-fetch-negotiator.sh b/t/t5552-skipping-fetch-negotiator.sh
index 5ad5bec..30857b8 100755
--- a/t/t5552-skipping-fetch-negotiator.sh
+++ b/t/t5552-skipping-fetch-negotiator.sh
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
 	test_commit -C server to_fetch &&
 
 	git init client &&
-	for i in $(seq 7)
+	for i in $(test_seq 7)
 	do
 		test_commit -C client c$i
 	done &&
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@
 	test_commit -C server to_fetch &&
 
 	git init client &&
-	for i in $(seq 11)
+	for i in $(test_seq 11)
 	do
 		test_commit -C client c$i
 	done &&
@@ -168,14 +168,14 @@
 	test_commit -C server to_fetch &&
 
 	git init client &&
-	for i in $(seq 8)
+	for i in $(test_seq 8)
 	do
 		git -C client checkout --orphan b$i &&
 		test_commit -C client b$i.c0
 	done &&
-	for j in $(seq 19)
+	for j in $(test_seq 19)
 	do
-		for i in $(seq 8)
+		for i in $(test_seq 8)
 		do
 			git -C client checkout b$i &&
 			test_commit -C client b$i.c$j
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@
 
 	# fetch-pack should thus not send any more commits in the b1 branch, but
 	# should still send the others (in this test, just check b2).
-	for i in $(seq 0 8)
+	for i in $(test_seq 0 8)
 	do
 		have_not_sent b1.c$i
 	done &&
diff --git a/t/t5562-http-backend-content-length.sh b/t/t5562-http-backend-content-length.sh
index 43570ce..f94d01f 100755
--- a/t/t5562-http-backend-content-length.sh
+++ b/t/t5562-http-backend-content-length.sh
@@ -153,4 +153,15 @@
 	grep "fatal:.*CONTENT_LENGTH" err
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'empty CONTENT_LENGTH' '
+	env \
+		QUERY_STRING=/repo.git/HEAD \
+		PATH_TRANSLATED="$PWD"/.git/HEAD \
+		GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL=TRUE \
+		REQUEST_METHOD=GET \
+		CONTENT_LENGTH="" \
+		git http-backend <empty_body >act.out 2>act.err &&
+	verify_http_result "200 OK"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5703-upload-pack-ref-in-want.sh b/t/t5703-upload-pack-ref-in-want.sh
index a73c55a..d1ccc22 100755
--- a/t/t5703-upload-pack-ref-in-want.sh
+++ b/t/t5703-upload-pack-ref-in-want.sh
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@
 		git clone "http://127.0.0.1:$LIB_HTTPD_PORT/smart/repo" "$LOCAL_PRISTINE" &&
 		cd "$LOCAL_PRISTINE" &&
 		git checkout -b side &&
-		for i in $(seq 1 33); do test_commit s$i; done &&
+		for i in $(test_seq 1 33); do test_commit s$i; done &&
 
 		# Add novel commits to upstream
 		git checkout master &&
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@
 		git clone "file://$REPO" "$LOCAL_PRISTINE" &&
 		cd "$LOCAL_PRISTINE" &&
 		git checkout -b side &&
-		for i in $(seq 1 33); do test_commit s$i; done &&
+		for i in $(test_seq 1 33); do test_commit s$i; done &&
 
 		# Add novel commits to upstream
 		git checkout master &&
diff --git a/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh b/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh
index 7d3d984..c0ffc10 100755
--- a/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh
@@ -984,11 +984,6 @@
 	rmdir init
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'submodule deinit should unset core.worktree' '
-	test_path_is_file .git/modules/example/config &&
-	test_must_fail git config -f .git/modules/example/config core.worktree
-'
-
 test_expect_success 'submodule deinit from subdirectory' '
 	git submodule update --init &&
 	git config submodule.example.foo bar &&
diff --git a/t/test-lib.sh b/t/test-lib.sh
index 8bb0f43..44288cb 100644
--- a/t/test-lib.sh
+++ b/t/test-lib.sh
@@ -867,7 +867,7 @@
 		# handle only executables, unless they are shell libraries that
 		# need to be in the exec-path.
 		test -x "$1" ||
-		test "# " = "$(head -c 2 <"$1")" ||
+		test "# " = "$(test_copy_bytes 2 <"$1")" ||
 		return;
 
 		base=$(basename "$1")
@@ -882,7 +882,7 @@
 		# do not override scripts
 		if test -x "$symlink_target" &&
 		    test ! -d "$symlink_target" &&
-		    test "#!" != "$(head -c 2 < "$symlink_target")"
+		    test "#!" != "$(test_copy_bytes 2 <"$symlink_target")"
 		then
 			symlink_target=../valgrind.sh
 		fi