diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index d0f692a..800b812 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -90,6 +90,7 @@
 /git-ls-tree
 /git-mailinfo
 /git-mailsplit
+/git-maintenance
 /git-merge
 /git-merge-base
 /git-merge-index
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.29.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.29.0.txt
index d728e81..ccbe9b7 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.29.0.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.29.0.txt
@@ -80,6 +80,17 @@
    one --merged or --no-merged to filter them; they learned to take
    combination of both kind of filtering.
 
+ * "git maintenance", a "git gc"'s big brother, has been introduced to
+   take care of more repository maintenance tasks, not limited to the
+   object database cleaning.
+
+ * "git receive-pack" that accepts requests by "git push" learned to
+   outsource most of the ref updates to the new "proc-receive" hook.
+
+ * "git push" that wants to be atomic and wants to send push
+   certificate learned not to prepare and sign the push certificate
+   when it fails the local check (hence due to atomicity it is known
+   that no certificate is needed).
 
 Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
 
@@ -171,6 +182,9 @@
  * "git index-pack" learned to resolve deltified objects with greater
    parallelism.
 
+ * "diff-highlight" (in contrib/) had a logic to flush its output upon
+   seeing a blank line but the way it detected a blank line was broken.
+
 
 Fixes since v2.28
 -----------------
@@ -366,6 +380,11 @@
    which has been corrected.
    (merge 4e735c1326 ar/fetch-ipversion-in-all later to maint).
 
+ * The "unshelve" subcommand of "git p4" used incorrectly used
+   commit^N where it meant to say commit~N to name the Nth generation
+   ancestor, which has been corrected.
+   (merge 0acbf5997f ld/p4-unshelve-fix later to maint).
+
  * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
    (merge 84544f2ea3 sk/typofixes later to maint).
    (merge b17f411ab5 ar/help-guides-doc later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt
index 3042d80..bf706b9 100644
--- a/Documentation/config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config.txt
@@ -340,6 +340,8 @@
 
 include::config/commit.txt[]
 
+include::config/commitgraph.txt[]
+
 include::config/credential.txt[]
 
 include::config/completion.txt[]
@@ -398,6 +400,8 @@
 
 include::config/mailmap.txt[]
 
+include::config/maintenance.txt[]
+
 include::config/man.txt[]
 
 include::config/merge.txt[]
diff --git a/Documentation/config/commitgraph.txt b/Documentation/config/commitgraph.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4582c39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/config/commitgraph.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+commitGraph.maxNewFilters::
+	Specifies the default value for the `--max-new-filters` option of `git
+	commit-graph write` (c.f., linkgit:git-commit-graph[1]).
+
+commitGraph.readChangedPaths::
+	If true, then git will use the changed-path Bloom filters in the
+	commit-graph file (if it exists, and they are present). Defaults to
+	true. See linkgit:git-commit-graph[1] for more information.
diff --git a/Documentation/config/feature.txt b/Documentation/config/feature.txt
index c0cbf2b..cdecd04 100644
--- a/Documentation/config/feature.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config/feature.txt
@@ -14,10 +14,6 @@
 +
 * `fetch.negotiationAlgorithm=skipping` may improve fetch negotiation times by
 skipping more commits at a time, reducing the number of round trips.
-+
-* `protocol.version=2` speeds up fetches from repositories with many refs by
-allowing the client to specify which refs to list before the server lists
-them.
 
 feature.manyFiles::
 	Enable config options that optimize for repos with many files in the
diff --git a/Documentation/config/maintenance.txt b/Documentation/config/maintenance.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7cc6700
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/config/maintenance.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+maintenance.<task>.enabled::
+	This boolean config option controls whether the maintenance task
+	with name `<task>` is run when no `--task` option is specified to
+	`git maintenance run`. These config values are ignored if a
+	`--task` option exists. By default, only `maintenance.gc.enabled`
+	is true.
+
+maintenance.commit-graph.auto::
+	This integer config option controls how often the `commit-graph` task
+	should be run as part of `git maintenance run --auto`. If zero, then
+	the `commit-graph` task will not run with the `--auto` option. A
+	negative value will force the task to run every time. Otherwise, a
+	positive value implies the command should run when the number of
+	reachable commits that are not in the commit-graph file is at least
+	the value of `maintenance.commit-graph.auto`. The default value is
+	100.
diff --git a/Documentation/config/protocol.txt b/Documentation/config/protocol.txt
index c46e9b3..756591d 100644
--- a/Documentation/config/protocol.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config/protocol.txt
@@ -48,8 +48,7 @@
 	If set, clients will attempt to communicate with a server
 	using the specified protocol version.  If the server does
 	not support it, communication falls back to version 0.
-	If unset, the default is `0`, unless `feature.experimental`
-	is enabled, in which case the default is `2`.
+	If unset, the default is `2`.
 	Supported versions:
 +
 --
diff --git a/Documentation/config/receive.txt b/Documentation/config/receive.txt
index 65f78aa..85d5b5a 100644
--- a/Documentation/config/receive.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config/receive.txt
@@ -114,6 +114,28 @@
 	An attempt to update or delete a hidden ref by `git push` is
 	rejected.
 
+receive.procReceiveRefs::
+	This is a multi-valued variable that defines reference prefixes
+	to match the commands in `receive-pack`.  Commands matching the
+	prefixes will be executed by an external hook "proc-receive",
+	instead of the internal `execute_commands` function.  If this
+	variable is not defined, the "proc-receive" hook will never be
+	used, and all commands will be executed by the internal
+	`execute_commands` function.
++
+For example, if this variable is set to "refs/for", pushing to reference
+such as "refs/for/master" will not create or update a reference named
+"refs/for/master", but may create or update a pull request directly by
+running the hook "proc-receive".
++
+Optional modifiers can be provided in the beginning of the value to filter
+commands for specific actions: create (a), modify (m), delete (d).
+A `!` can be included in the modifiers to negate the reference prefix entry.
+E.g.:
++
+	git config --system --add receive.procReceiveRefs ad:refs/heads
+	git config --system --add receive.procReceiveRefs !:refs/heads
+
 receive.updateServerInfo::
 	If set to true, git-receive-pack will run git-update-server-info
 	after receiving data from git-push and updating refs.
diff --git a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
index e8104c0..2bf77b4 100644
--- a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
@@ -95,9 +95,11 @@
 	Allow several <repository> and <group> arguments to be
 	specified. No <refspec>s may be specified.
 
+--[no-]auto-maintenance::
 --[no-]auto-gc::
-	Run `git gc --auto` at the end to perform garbage collection
-	if needed. This is enabled by default.
+	Run `git maintenance run --auto` at the end to perform automatic
+	repository maintenance if needed. (`--[no-]auto-gc` is a synonym.)
+	This is enabled by default.
 
 --[no-]write-commit-graph::
 	Write a commit-graph after fetching. This overrides the config
diff --git a/Documentation/git-clone.txt b/Documentation/git-clone.txt
index c898310..097e6a8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-clone.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-clone.txt
@@ -78,9 +78,9 @@
 other Git command that makes any existing commit unreferenced) in the
 source repository, some objects may become unreferenced (or dangling).
 These objects may be removed by normal Git operations (such as `git commit`)
-which automatically call `git gc --auto`. (See linkgit:git-gc[1].)
-If these objects are removed and were referenced by the cloned repository,
-then the cloned repository will become corrupt.
+which automatically call `git maintenance run --auto`. (See
+linkgit:git-maintenance[1].) If these objects are removed and were referenced
+by the cloned repository, then the cloned repository will become corrupt.
 +
 Note that running `git repack` without the `--local` option in a repository
 cloned with `--shared` will copy objects from the source repository into a pack
diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit-graph.txt b/Documentation/git-commit-graph.txt
index 17405c7..de6b6de 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-commit-graph.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-commit-graph.txt
@@ -67,6 +67,13 @@
 that this option was intended. Use `--no-changed-paths` to stop storing this
 data.
 +
+With the `--max-new-filters=<n>` option, generate at most `n` new Bloom
+filters (if `--changed-paths` is specified). If `n` is `-1`, no limit is
+enforced. Only commits present in the new layer count against this
+limit. To retroactively compute Bloom filters over earlier layers, it is
+advised to use `--split=replace`.  Overrides the `commitGraph.maxNewFilters`
+configuration.
++
 With the `--split[=<strategy>]` option, write the commit-graph as a
 chain of multiple commit-graph files stored in
 `<dir>/info/commit-graphs`. Commit-graph layers are merged based on the
diff --git a/Documentation/git-maintenance.txt b/Documentation/git-maintenance.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6abcb82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-maintenance.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+git-maintenance(1)
+==================
+
+NAME
+----
+git-maintenance - Run tasks to optimize Git repository data
+
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+[verse]
+'git maintenance' run [<options>]
+
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+Run tasks to optimize Git repository data, speeding up other Git commands
+and reducing storage requirements for the repository.
+
+Git commands that add repository data, such as `git add` or `git fetch`,
+are optimized for a responsive user experience. These commands do not take
+time to optimize the Git data, since such optimizations scale with the full
+size of the repository while these user commands each perform a relatively
+small action.
+
+The `git maintenance` command provides flexibility for how to optimize the
+Git repository.
+
+SUBCOMMANDS
+-----------
+
+run::
+	Run one or more maintenance tasks. If one or more `--task` options
+	are specified, then those tasks are run in that order. Otherwise,
+	the tasks are determined by which `maintenance.<task>.enabled`
+	config options are true. By default, only `maintenance.gc.enabled`
+	is true.
+
+TASKS
+-----
+
+commit-graph::
+	The `commit-graph` job updates the `commit-graph` files incrementally,
+	then verifies that the written data is correct. The incremental
+	write is safe to run alongside concurrent Git processes since it
+	will not expire `.graph` files that were in the previous
+	`commit-graph-chain` file. They will be deleted by a later run based
+	on the expiration delay.
+
+gc::
+	Clean up unnecessary files and optimize the local repository. "GC"
+	stands for "garbage collection," but this task performs many
+	smaller tasks. This task can be expensive for large repositories,
+	as it repacks all Git objects into a single pack-file. It can also
+	be disruptive in some situations, as it deletes stale data. See
+	linkgit:git-gc[1] for more details on garbage collection in Git.
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+--auto::
+	When combined with the `run` subcommand, run maintenance tasks
+	only if certain thresholds are met. For example, the `gc` task
+	runs when the number of loose objects exceeds the number stored
+	in the `gc.auto` config setting, or when the number of pack-files
+	exceeds the `gc.autoPackLimit` config setting.
+
+--quiet::
+	Do not report progress or other information over `stderr`.
+
+--task=<task>::
+	If this option is specified one or more times, then only run the
+	specified tasks in the specified order. If no `--task=<task>`
+	arguments are specified, then only the tasks with
+	`maintenance.<task>.enabled` configured as `true` are considered.
+	See the 'TASKS' section for the list of accepted `<task>` values.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/gitfaq.txt b/Documentation/gitfaq.txt
index 9cd7a59..afdaeab 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitfaq.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitfaq.txt
@@ -241,6 +241,59 @@
 	ignore the upstream changes.  A pull consists of a fetch followed
 	immediately by either a merge or rebase.  See linkgit:git-pull[1].
 
+Merging and Rebasing
+--------------------
+
+[[long-running-squash-merge]]
+What kinds of problems can occur when merging long-lived branches with squash merges?::
+	In general, there are a variety of problems that can occur when using squash
+	merges to merge two branches multiple times.  These can include seeing extra
+	commits in `git log` output, with a GUI, or when using the `...` notation to
+	express a range, as well as the possibility of needing to re-resolve conflicts
+	again and again.
++
+When Git does a normal merge between two branches, it considers exactly three
+points: the two branches and a third commit, called the _merge base_, which is
+usually the common ancestor of the commits.  The result of the merge is the sum
+of the changes between the merge base and each head.  When you merge two
+branches with a regular merge commit, this results in a new commit which will
+end up as a merge base when they're merged again, because there is now a new
+common ancestor.  Git doesn't have to consider changes that occurred before the
+merge base, so you don't have to re-resolve any conflicts you resolved before.
++
+When you perform a squash merge, a merge commit isn't created; instead, the
+changes from one side are applied as a regular commit to the other side.  This
+means that the merge base for these branches won't have changed, and so when Git
+goes to perform its next merge, it considers all of the changes that it
+considered the last time plus the new changes.  That means any conflicts may
+need to be re-resolved.  Similarly, anything using the `...` notation in `git
+diff`, `git log`, or a GUI will result in showing all of the changes since the
+original merge base.
++
+As a consequence, if you want to merge two long-lived branches repeatedly, it's
+best to always use a regular merge commit.
+
+[[merge-two-revert-one]]
+If I make a change on two branches but revert it on one, why does the merge of those branches include the change?::
+	By default, when Git does a merge, it uses a strategy called the recursive
+	strategy, which does a fancy three-way merge.  In such a case, when Git
+	performs the merge, it considers exactly three points: the two heads and a
+	third point, called the _merge base_, which is usually the common ancestor of
+	those commits.  Git does not consider the history or the individual commits
+	that have happened on those branches at all.
++
+As a result, if both sides have a change and one side has reverted that change,
+the result is to include the change.  This is because the code has changed on
+one side and there is no net change on the other, and in this scenario, Git
+adopts the change.
++
+If this is a problem for you, you can do a rebase instead, rebasing the branch
+with the revert onto the other branch.  A rebase in this scenario will revert
+the change, because a rebase applies each individual commit, including the
+revert.  Note that rebases rewrite history, so you should avoid rebasing
+published branches unless you're sure you're comfortable with that.  See the
+NOTES section in linkgit:git-rebase[1] for more details.
+
 Hooks
 -----
 
@@ -310,6 +363,39 @@
 You can also control this behavior with the `core.whitespace` setting if you
 don't wish to remove the carriage returns from your line endings.
 
+[[always-modified-files-case]]
+Why do I have a file that's always modified?::
+	Internally, Git always stores file names as sequences of bytes and doesn't
+	perform any encoding or case folding.  However, Windows and macOS by default
+	both perform case folding on file names.  As a result, it's possible to end up
+	with multiple files or directories whose names differ only in case.  Git can
+	handle this just fine, but the file system can store only one of these files,
+	so when Git reads the other file to see its contents, it looks modified.
++
+It's best to remove one of the files such that you only have one file.  You can
+do this with commands like the following (assuming two files `AFile.txt` and
+`afile.txt`) on an otherwise clean working tree:
++
+----
+$ git rm --cached AFile.txt
+$ git commit -m 'Remove files conflicting in case'
+$ git checkout .
+----
++
+This avoids touching the disk, but removes the additional file.  Your project
+may prefer to adopt a naming convention, such as all-lowercase names, to avoid
+this problem from occurring again; such a convention can be checked using a
+`pre-receive` hook or as part of a continuous integration (CI) system.
++
+It is also possible for perpetually modified files to occur on any platform if a
+smudge or clean filter is in use on your system but a file was previously
+committed without running the smudge or clean filter.  To fix this, run the
+following on an otherwise clean working tree:
++
+----
+$ git add --renormalize .
+----
+
 [[recommended-storage-settings]]
 What's the recommended way to store files in Git?::
 	While Git can store and handle any file of any type, there are some
diff --git a/Documentation/githooks.txt b/Documentation/githooks.txt
index cf95d6d..6e461ac 100644
--- a/Documentation/githooks.txt
+++ b/Documentation/githooks.txt
@@ -335,6 +335,68 @@
 `hooks.allowunannotated` config option unset or set to false--prevents
 unannotated tags to be pushed.
 
+[[proc-receive]]
+proc-receive
+~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This hook is invoked by linkgit:git-receive-pack[1].  If the server has
+set the multi-valued config variable `receive.procReceiveRefs`, and the
+commands sent to 'receive-pack' have matching reference names, these
+commands will be executed by this hook, instead of by the internal
+`execute_commands()` function.  This hook is responsible for updating
+the relevant references and reporting the results back to 'receive-pack'.
+
+This hook executes once for the receive operation.  It takes no
+arguments, but uses a pkt-line format protocol to communicate with
+'receive-pack' to read commands, push-options and send results.  In the
+following example for the protocol, the letter 'S' stands for
+'receive-pack' and the letter 'H' stands for this hook.
+
+    # Version and features negotiation.
+    S: PKT-LINE(version=1\0push-options atomic...)
+    S: flush-pkt
+    H: PKT-LINE(version=1\0push-options...)
+    H: flush-pkt
+
+    # Send commands from server to the hook.
+    S: PKT-LINE(<old-oid> <new-oid> <ref>)
+    S: ... ...
+    S: flush-pkt
+    # Send push-options only if the 'push-options' feature is enabled.
+    S: PKT-LINE(push-option)
+    S: ... ...
+    S: flush-pkt
+
+    # Receive result from the hook.
+    # OK, run this command successfully.
+    H: PKT-LINE(ok <ref>)
+    # NO, I reject it.
+    H: PKT-LINE(ng <ref> <reason>)
+    # Fall through, let 'receive-pack' to execute it.
+    H: PKT-LINE(ok <ref>)
+    H: PKT-LINE(option fall-through)
+    # OK, but has an alternate reference.  The alternate reference name
+    # and other status can be given in option directives.
+    H: PKT-LINE(ok <ref>)
+    H: PKT-LINE(option refname <refname>)
+    H: PKT-LINE(option old-oid <old-oid>)
+    H: PKT-LINE(option new-oid <new-oid>)
+    H: PKT-LINE(option forced-update)
+    H: ... ...
+    H: flush-pkt
+
+Each command for the 'proc-receive' hook may point to a pseudo-reference
+and always has a zero-old as its old-oid, while the 'proc-receive' hook
+may update an alternate reference and the alternate reference may exist
+already with a non-zero old-oid.  For this case, this hook will use
+"option" directives to report extended attributes for the reference given
+by the leading "ok" directive.
+
+The report of the commands of this hook should have the same order as
+the input.  The exit status of the 'proc-receive' hook only determines
+the success or failure of the group of commands sent to it, unless
+atomic push is in use.
+
 [[post-receive]]
 post-receive
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt b/Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt
index 1f86031..b3b5888 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@
     * The rest of the chunk is the concatenation of all the computed Bloom
       filters for the commits in lexicographic order.
     * Note: Commits with no changes or more than 512 changes have Bloom filters
-      of length zero.
+      of length one, with either all bits set to zero or one respectively.
     * The BDAT chunk is present if and only if BIDX is present.
 
   Base Graphs List (ID: {'B', 'A', 'S', 'E'}) [Optional]
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt b/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt
index a4573d1..e13a2c0 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt
@@ -503,8 +503,8 @@
 fetching protocol. Each reference obj-id and name on the server is sent
 in packet-line format to the client, followed by a flush-pkt.  The only
 real difference is that the capability listing is different - the only
-possible values are 'report-status', 'delete-refs', 'ofs-delta' and
-'push-options'.
+possible values are 'report-status', 'report-status-v2', 'delete-refs',
+'ofs-delta', 'atomic' and 'push-options'.
 
 Reference Update Request and Packfile Transfer
 ----------------------------------------------
@@ -625,7 +625,7 @@
 -------------
 
 After receiving the pack data from the sender, the receiver sends a
-report if 'report-status' capability is in effect.
+report if 'report-status' or 'report-status-v2' capability is in effect.
 It is a short listing of what happened in that update.  It will first
 list the status of the packfile unpacking as either 'unpack ok' or
 'unpack [error]'.  Then it will list the status for each of the references
@@ -647,6 +647,41 @@
   error-msg         = 1*(OCTET) ; where not "ok"
 ----
 
+The 'report-status-v2' capability extends the protocol by adding new option
+lines in order to support reporting of reference rewritten by the
+'proc-receive' hook.  The 'proc-receive' hook may handle a command for a
+pseudo-reference which may create or update one or more references, and each
+reference may have different name, different new-oid, and different old-oid.
+
+----
+  report-status-v2  = unpack-status
+		      1*(command-status-v2)
+		      flush-pkt
+
+  unpack-status     = PKT-LINE("unpack" SP unpack-result)
+  unpack-result     = "ok" / error-msg
+
+  command-status-v2 = command-ok-v2 / command-fail
+  command-ok-v2     = command-ok
+		      *option-line
+
+  command-ok        = PKT-LINE("ok" SP refname)
+  command-fail      = PKT-LINE("ng" SP refname SP error-msg)
+
+  error-msg         = 1*(OCTET) ; where not "ok"
+
+  option-line       = *1(option-refname)
+		      *1(option-old-oid)
+		      *1(option-new-oid)
+		      *1(option-forced-update)
+
+  option-refname    = PKT-LINE("option" SP "refname" SP refname)
+  option-old-oid    = PKT-LINE("option" SP "old-oid" SP obj-id)
+  option-new-oid    = PKT-LINE("option" SP "new-oid" SP obj-id)
+  option-force      = PKT-LINE("option" SP "forced-update")
+
+----
+
 Updates can be unsuccessful for a number of reasons.  The reference can have
 changed since the reference discovery phase was originally sent, meaning
 someone pushed in the meantime.  The reference being pushed could be a
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/protocol-capabilities.txt b/Documentation/technical/protocol-capabilities.txt
index 124d716..ba869a7 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/protocol-capabilities.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/protocol-capabilities.txt
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@
 and server advertised.  As a consequence of these rules, server MUST
 NOT advertise capabilities it does not understand.
 
-The 'atomic', 'report-status', 'delete-refs', 'quiet', and 'push-cert'
-capabilities are sent and recognized by the receive-pack (push to server)
-process.
+The 'atomic', 'report-status', 'report-status-v2', 'delete-refs', 'quiet',
+and 'push-cert' capabilities are sent and recognized by the receive-pack
+(push to server) process.
 
 The 'ofs-delta' and 'side-band-64k' capabilities are sent and recognized
 by both upload-pack and receive-pack protocols.  The 'agent' capability
@@ -284,6 +284,17 @@
 successful, it will send back an error message.  See pack-protocol.txt
 for example messages.
 
+report-status-v2
+----------------
+
+Capability 'report-status-v2' extends capability 'report-status' by
+adding new "option" directives in order to support reference rewritten by
+the "proc-receive" hook.  The "proc-receive" hook may handle a command
+for a pseudo-reference which may create or update a reference with
+different name, new-oid, and old-oid.  While the capability
+'report-status' cannot report for such case.  See pack-protocol.txt
+for details.
+
 delete-refs
 -----------
 
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 92d188f..de53954 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -720,6 +720,7 @@
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-path-utils.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-pkt-line.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-prio-queue.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-proc-receive.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-progress.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-reach.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-read-cache.o
diff --git a/blame.c b/blame.c
index b475bfa..686845b 100644
--- a/blame.c
+++ b/blame.c
@@ -1276,7 +1276,7 @@
 	if (commit_graph_generation(origin->commit) == GENERATION_NUMBER_INFINITY)
 		return 1;
 
-	filter = get_bloom_filter(r, origin->commit, 0);
+	filter = get_bloom_filter(r, origin->commit);
 
 	if (!filter)
 		return 1;
@@ -2892,16 +2892,18 @@
 			    const char *path)
 {
 	struct blame_bloom_data *bd;
+	struct bloom_filter_settings *bs;
 
 	if (!sb->repo->objects->commit_graph)
 		return;
 
-	if (!sb->repo->objects->commit_graph->bloom_filter_settings)
+	bs = get_bloom_filter_settings(sb->repo);
+	if (!bs)
 		return;
 
 	bd = xmalloc(sizeof(struct blame_bloom_data));
 
-	bd->settings = sb->repo->objects->commit_graph->bloom_filter_settings;
+	bd->settings = bs;
 
 	bd->alloc = 4;
 	bd->nr = 0;
diff --git a/bloom.c b/bloom.c
index 1a57322..68c7320 100644
--- a/bloom.c
+++ b/bloom.c
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 	while (graph_pos < g->num_commits_in_base)
 		g = g->base_graph;
 
-	/* The commit graph commit 'c' lives in doesn't carry bloom filters. */
+	/* The commit graph commit 'c' lives in doesn't carry Bloom filters. */
 	if (!g->chunk_bloom_indexes)
 		return 0;
 
@@ -177,15 +177,25 @@
 	return strcmp(e1->path, e2->path);
 }
 
-struct bloom_filter *get_bloom_filter(struct repository *r,
-				      struct commit *c,
-				      int compute_if_not_present)
+static void init_truncated_large_filter(struct bloom_filter *filter)
+{
+	filter->data = xmalloc(1);
+	filter->data[0] = 0xFF;
+	filter->len = 1;
+}
+
+struct bloom_filter *get_or_compute_bloom_filter(struct repository *r,
+						 struct commit *c,
+						 int compute_if_not_present,
+						 const struct bloom_filter_settings *settings,
+						 enum bloom_filter_computed *computed)
 {
 	struct bloom_filter *filter;
-	struct bloom_filter_settings settings = DEFAULT_BLOOM_FILTER_SETTINGS;
 	int i;
 	struct diff_options diffopt;
-	int max_changes = 512;
+
+	if (computed)
+		*computed = BLOOM_NOT_COMPUTED;
 
 	if (!bloom_filters.slab_size)
 		return NULL;
@@ -194,12 +204,11 @@
 
 	if (!filter->data) {
 		load_commit_graph_info(r, c);
-		if (commit_graph_position(c) != COMMIT_NOT_FROM_GRAPH &&
-			r->objects->commit_graph->chunk_bloom_indexes)
+		if (commit_graph_position(c) != COMMIT_NOT_FROM_GRAPH)
 			load_bloom_filter_from_graph(r->objects->commit_graph, filter, c);
 	}
 
-	if (filter->data)
+	if (filter->data && filter->len)
 		return filter;
 	if (!compute_if_not_present)
 		return NULL;
@@ -207,7 +216,7 @@
 	repo_diff_setup(r, &diffopt);
 	diffopt.flags.recursive = 1;
 	diffopt.detect_rename = 0;
-	diffopt.max_changes = max_changes;
+	diffopt.max_changes = settings->max_changed_paths;
 	diff_setup_done(&diffopt);
 
 	/* ensure commit is parsed so we have parent information */
@@ -219,7 +228,7 @@
 		diff_tree_oid(NULL, &c->object.oid, "", &diffopt);
 	diffcore_std(&diffopt);
 
-	if (diffopt.num_changes <= max_changes) {
+	if (diff_queued_diff.nr <= settings->max_changed_paths) {
 		struct hashmap pathmap;
 		struct pathmap_hash_entry *e;
 		struct hashmap_iter iter;
@@ -256,23 +265,41 @@
 			diff_free_filepair(diff_queued_diff.queue[i]);
 		}
 
-		filter->len = (hashmap_get_size(&pathmap) * settings.bits_per_entry + BITS_PER_WORD - 1) / BITS_PER_WORD;
+		if (hashmap_get_size(&pathmap) > settings->max_changed_paths) {
+			init_truncated_large_filter(filter);
+			if (computed)
+				*computed |= BLOOM_TRUNC_LARGE;
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
+
+		filter->len = (hashmap_get_size(&pathmap) * settings->bits_per_entry + BITS_PER_WORD - 1) / BITS_PER_WORD;
+		if (!filter->len) {
+			if (computed)
+				*computed |= BLOOM_TRUNC_EMPTY;
+			filter->len = 1;
+		}
 		filter->data = xcalloc(filter->len, sizeof(unsigned char));
 
 		hashmap_for_each_entry(&pathmap, &iter, e, entry) {
 			struct bloom_key key;
-			fill_bloom_key(e->path, strlen(e->path), &key, &settings);
-			add_key_to_filter(&key, filter, &settings);
+			fill_bloom_key(e->path, strlen(e->path), &key, settings);
+			add_key_to_filter(&key, filter, settings);
 		}
 
+	cleanup:
 		hashmap_free_entries(&pathmap, struct pathmap_hash_entry, entry);
 	} else {
 		for (i = 0; i < diff_queued_diff.nr; i++)
 			diff_free_filepair(diff_queued_diff.queue[i]);
-		filter->data = NULL;
-		filter->len = 0;
+		init_truncated_large_filter(filter);
+
+		if (computed)
+			*computed |= BLOOM_TRUNC_LARGE;
 	}
 
+	if (computed)
+		*computed |= BLOOM_COMPUTED;
+
 	free(diff_queued_diff.queue);
 	DIFF_QUEUE_CLEAR(&diff_queued_diff);
 
diff --git a/bloom.h b/bloom.h
index d8fbb0f..adde6df 100644
--- a/bloom.h
+++ b/bloom.h
@@ -28,9 +28,18 @@
 	 * that contain n*b bits.
 	 */
 	uint32_t bits_per_entry;
+
+	/*
+	 * The maximum number of changed paths per commit
+	 * before declaring a Bloom filter to be too-large.
+	 *
+	 * Not written to the commit-graph file.
+	 */
+	uint32_t max_changed_paths;
 };
 
-#define DEFAULT_BLOOM_FILTER_SETTINGS { 1, 7, 10 }
+#define DEFAULT_BLOOM_MAX_CHANGES 512
+#define DEFAULT_BLOOM_FILTER_SETTINGS { 1, 7, 10, DEFAULT_BLOOM_MAX_CHANGES }
 #define BITS_PER_WORD 8
 #define BLOOMDATA_CHUNK_HEADER_SIZE 3 * sizeof(uint32_t)
 
@@ -80,9 +89,21 @@
 
 void init_bloom_filters(void);
 
-struct bloom_filter *get_bloom_filter(struct repository *r,
-				      struct commit *c,
-				      int compute_if_not_present);
+enum bloom_filter_computed {
+	BLOOM_NOT_COMPUTED = (1 << 0),
+	BLOOM_COMPUTED     = (1 << 1),
+	BLOOM_TRUNC_LARGE  = (1 << 2),
+	BLOOM_TRUNC_EMPTY  = (1 << 3),
+};
+
+struct bloom_filter *get_or_compute_bloom_filter(struct repository *r,
+						 struct commit *c,
+						 int compute_if_not_present,
+						 const struct bloom_filter_settings *settings,
+						 enum bloom_filter_computed *computed);
+
+#define get_bloom_filter(r, c) get_or_compute_bloom_filter( \
+	(r), (c), 0, NULL, NULL)
 
 int bloom_filter_contains(const struct bloom_filter *filter,
 			  const struct bloom_key *key,
diff --git a/builtin.h b/builtin.h
index ba954e1..53fb290 100644
--- a/builtin.h
+++ b/builtin.h
@@ -172,6 +172,7 @@
 int cmd_ls_remote(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 int cmd_mailinfo(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 int cmd_mailsplit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+int cmd_maintenance(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 int cmd_merge_base(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 int cmd_merge_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
diff --git a/builtin/am.c b/builtin/am.c
index b5c63dd..7259186 100644
--- a/builtin/am.c
+++ b/builtin/am.c
@@ -1813,7 +1813,7 @@
 	if (!state->rebasing) {
 		am_destroy(state);
 		close_object_store(the_repository->objects);
-		run_auto_gc(state->quiet);
+		run_auto_maintenance(state->quiet);
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/builtin/clone.c b/builtin/clone.c
index fbfd656..391aa41 100644
--- a/builtin/clone.c
+++ b/builtin/clone.c
@@ -1233,7 +1233,7 @@
 		 * Now that we know what algorithm the remote side is using,
 		 * let's set ours to the same thing.
 		 */
-		initialize_repository_version(hash_algo);
+		initialize_repository_version(hash_algo, 1);
 		repo_set_hash_algo(the_repository, hash_algo);
 
 		mapped_refs = wanted_peer_refs(refs, &remote->fetch);
diff --git a/builtin/commit-graph.c b/builtin/commit-graph.c
index 523501f..988445a 100644
--- a/builtin/commit-graph.c
+++ b/builtin/commit-graph.c
@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@
 	N_("git commit-graph verify [--object-dir <objdir>] [--shallow] [--[no-]progress]"),
 	N_("git commit-graph write [--object-dir <objdir>] [--append] "
 	   "[--split[=<strategy>]] [--reachable|--stdin-packs|--stdin-commits] "
-	   "[--changed-paths] [--[no-]progress] <split options>"),
+	   "[--changed-paths] [--[no-]max-new-filters <n>] [--[no-]progress] "
+	   "<split options>"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -25,7 +26,8 @@
 static const char * const builtin_commit_graph_write_usage[] = {
 	N_("git commit-graph write [--object-dir <objdir>] [--append] "
 	   "[--split[=<strategy>]] [--reachable|--stdin-packs|--stdin-commits] "
-	   "[--changed-paths] [--[no-]progress] <split options>"),
+	   "[--changed-paths] [--[no-]max-new-filters <n>] [--[no-]progress] "
+	   "<split options>"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -106,7 +108,7 @@
 	FREE_AND_NULL(graph_name);
 
 	if (open_ok)
-		graph = load_commit_graph_one_fd_st(fd, &st, odb);
+		graph = load_commit_graph_one_fd_st(the_repository, fd, &st, odb);
 	else
 		graph = read_commit_graph_one(the_repository, odb);
 
@@ -119,7 +121,7 @@
 }
 
 extern int read_replace_refs;
-static struct split_commit_graph_opts split_opts;
+static struct commit_graph_opts write_opts;
 
 static int write_option_parse_split(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
 				    int unset)
@@ -162,6 +164,35 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int write_option_max_new_filters(const struct option *opt,
+					const char *arg,
+					int unset)
+{
+	int *to = opt->value;
+	if (unset)
+		*to = -1;
+	else {
+		const char *s;
+		*to = strtol(arg, (char **)&s, 10);
+		if (*s)
+			return error(_("%s expects a numerical value"),
+				     optname(opt, opt->flags));
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int git_commit_graph_write_config(const char *var, const char *value,
+					 void *cb)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "commitgraph.maxnewfilters"))
+		write_opts.max_new_filters = git_config_int(var, value);
+	/*
+	 * No need to fall-back to 'git_default_config', since this was already
+	 * called in 'cmd_commit_graph()'.
+	 */
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static int graph_write(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	struct string_list pack_indexes = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
@@ -187,27 +218,33 @@
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "changed-paths", &opts.enable_changed_paths,
 			N_("enable computation for changed paths")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "progress", &opts.progress, N_("force progress reporting")),
-		OPT_CALLBACK_F(0, "split", &split_opts.flags, NULL,
+		OPT_CALLBACK_F(0, "split", &write_opts.split_flags, NULL,
 			N_("allow writing an incremental commit-graph file"),
 			PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			write_option_parse_split),
-		OPT_INTEGER(0, "max-commits", &split_opts.max_commits,
+		OPT_INTEGER(0, "max-commits", &write_opts.max_commits,
 			N_("maximum number of commits in a non-base split commit-graph")),
-		OPT_INTEGER(0, "size-multiple", &split_opts.size_multiple,
+		OPT_INTEGER(0, "size-multiple", &write_opts.size_multiple,
 			N_("maximum ratio between two levels of a split commit-graph")),
-		OPT_EXPIRY_DATE(0, "expire-time", &split_opts.expire_time,
+		OPT_EXPIRY_DATE(0, "expire-time", &write_opts.expire_time,
 			N_("only expire files older than a given date-time")),
+		OPT_CALLBACK_F(0, "max-new-filters", &write_opts.max_new_filters,
+			NULL, N_("maximum number of changed-path Bloom filters to compute"),
+			0, write_option_max_new_filters),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
 	opts.progress = isatty(2);
 	opts.enable_changed_paths = -1;
-	split_opts.size_multiple = 2;
-	split_opts.max_commits = 0;
-	split_opts.expire_time = 0;
+	write_opts.size_multiple = 2;
+	write_opts.max_commits = 0;
+	write_opts.expire_time = 0;
+	write_opts.max_new_filters = -1;
 
 	trace2_cmd_mode("write");
 
+	git_config(git_commit_graph_write_config, &opts);
+
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL,
 			     builtin_commit_graph_write_options,
 			     builtin_commit_graph_write_usage, 0);
@@ -232,7 +269,7 @@
 	odb = find_odb(the_repository, opts.obj_dir);
 
 	if (opts.reachable) {
-		if (write_commit_graph_reachable(odb, flags, &split_opts))
+		if (write_commit_graph_reachable(odb, flags, &write_opts))
 			return 1;
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -261,7 +298,7 @@
 			       opts.stdin_packs ? &pack_indexes : NULL,
 			       opts.stdin_commits ? &commits : NULL,
 			       flags,
-			       &split_opts))
+			       &write_opts))
 		result = 1;
 
 cleanup:
diff --git a/builtin/commit.c b/builtin/commit.c
index 5d91b13..42b964e 100644
--- a/builtin/commit.c
+++ b/builtin/commit.c
@@ -1700,7 +1700,7 @@
 	git_test_write_commit_graph_or_die();
 
 	repo_rerere(the_repository, 0);
-	run_auto_gc(quiet);
+	run_auto_maintenance(quiet);
 	run_commit_hook(use_editor, get_index_file(), "post-commit", NULL);
 	if (amend && !no_post_rewrite) {
 		commit_post_rewrite(the_repository, current_head, &oid);
diff --git a/builtin/fetch.c b/builtin/fetch.c
index 1b00c2b..d5bf526 100644
--- a/builtin/fetch.c
+++ b/builtin/fetch.c
@@ -200,8 +200,10 @@
 	OPT_STRING_LIST(0, "negotiation-tip", &negotiation_tip, N_("revision"),
 			N_("report that we have only objects reachable from this object")),
 	OPT_PARSE_LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER(&filter_options),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "auto-maintenance", &enable_auto_gc,
+		 N_("run 'maintenance --auto' after fetching")),
 	OPT_BOOL(0, "auto-gc", &enable_auto_gc,
-		 N_("run 'gc --auto' after fetching")),
+		 N_("run 'maintenance --auto' after fetching")),
 	OPT_BOOL(0, "show-forced-updates", &fetch_show_forced_updates,
 		 N_("check for forced-updates on all updated branches")),
 	OPT_BOOL(0, "write-commit-graph", &fetch_write_commit_graph,
@@ -1925,7 +1927,7 @@
 	close_object_store(the_repository->objects);
 
 	if (enable_auto_gc)
-		run_auto_gc(verbosity < 0);
+		run_auto_maintenance(verbosity < 0);
 
 	return result;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/gc.c b/builtin/gc.c
index aafa094..0909593 100644
--- a/builtin/gc.c
+++ b/builtin/gc.c
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "promisor-remote.h"
+#include "refs.h"
 
 #define FAILED_RUN "failed to run %s"
 
@@ -699,3 +700,339 @@
 
 	return 0;
 }
+
+static const char * const builtin_maintenance_run_usage[] = {
+	N_("git maintenance run [--auto] [--[no-]quiet] [--task=<task>]"),
+	NULL
+};
+
+struct maintenance_run_opts {
+	int auto_flag;
+	int quiet;
+};
+
+/* Remember to update object flag allocation in object.h */
+#define SEEN		(1u<<0)
+
+struct cg_auto_data {
+	int num_not_in_graph;
+	int limit;
+};
+
+static int dfs_on_ref(const char *refname,
+		      const struct object_id *oid, int flags,
+		      void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct cg_auto_data *data = (struct cg_auto_data *)cb_data;
+	int result = 0;
+	struct object_id peeled;
+	struct commit_list *stack = NULL;
+	struct commit *commit;
+
+	if (!peel_ref(refname, &peeled))
+		oid = &peeled;
+	if (oid_object_info(the_repository, oid, NULL) != OBJ_COMMIT)
+		return 0;
+
+	commit = lookup_commit(the_repository, oid);
+	if (!commit)
+		return 0;
+	if (parse_commit(commit))
+		return 0;
+
+	commit_list_append(commit, &stack);
+
+	while (!result && stack) {
+		struct commit_list *parent;
+
+		commit = pop_commit(&stack);
+
+		for (parent = commit->parents; parent; parent = parent->next) {
+			if (parse_commit(parent->item) ||
+			    commit_graph_position(parent->item) != COMMIT_NOT_FROM_GRAPH ||
+			    parent->item->object.flags & SEEN)
+				continue;
+
+			parent->item->object.flags |= SEEN;
+			data->num_not_in_graph++;
+
+			if (data->num_not_in_graph >= data->limit) {
+				result = 1;
+				break;
+			}
+
+			commit_list_append(parent->item, &stack);
+		}
+	}
+
+	free_commit_list(stack);
+	return result;
+}
+
+static int should_write_commit_graph(void)
+{
+	int result;
+	struct cg_auto_data data;
+
+	data.num_not_in_graph = 0;
+	data.limit = 100;
+	git_config_get_int("maintenance.commit-graph.auto",
+			   &data.limit);
+
+	if (!data.limit)
+		return 0;
+	if (data.limit < 0)
+		return 1;
+
+	result = for_each_ref(dfs_on_ref, &data);
+
+	clear_commit_marks_all(SEEN);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+static int run_write_commit_graph(struct maintenance_run_opts *opts)
+{
+	struct child_process child = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+
+	child.git_cmd = 1;
+	strvec_pushl(&child.args, "commit-graph", "write",
+		     "--split", "--reachable", NULL);
+
+	if (opts->quiet)
+		strvec_push(&child.args, "--no-progress");
+
+	return !!run_command(&child);
+}
+
+static int maintenance_task_commit_graph(struct maintenance_run_opts *opts)
+{
+	close_object_store(the_repository->objects);
+	if (run_write_commit_graph(opts)) {
+		error(_("failed to write commit-graph"));
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int maintenance_task_gc(struct maintenance_run_opts *opts)
+{
+	struct child_process child = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+
+	child.git_cmd = 1;
+	strvec_push(&child.args, "gc");
+
+	if (opts->auto_flag)
+		strvec_push(&child.args, "--auto");
+	if (opts->quiet)
+		strvec_push(&child.args, "--quiet");
+	else
+		strvec_push(&child.args, "--no-quiet");
+
+	close_object_store(the_repository->objects);
+	return run_command(&child);
+}
+
+typedef int maintenance_task_fn(struct maintenance_run_opts *opts);
+
+/*
+ * An auto condition function returns 1 if the task should run
+ * and 0 if the task should NOT run. See needs_to_gc() for an
+ * example.
+ */
+typedef int maintenance_auto_fn(void);
+
+struct maintenance_task {
+	const char *name;
+	maintenance_task_fn *fn;
+	maintenance_auto_fn *auto_condition;
+	unsigned enabled:1;
+
+	/* -1 if not selected. */
+	int selected_order;
+};
+
+enum maintenance_task_label {
+	TASK_GC,
+	TASK_COMMIT_GRAPH,
+
+	/* Leave as final value */
+	TASK__COUNT
+};
+
+static struct maintenance_task tasks[] = {
+	[TASK_GC] = {
+		"gc",
+		maintenance_task_gc,
+		need_to_gc,
+		1,
+	},
+	[TASK_COMMIT_GRAPH] = {
+		"commit-graph",
+		maintenance_task_commit_graph,
+		should_write_commit_graph,
+	},
+};
+
+static int compare_tasks_by_selection(const void *a_, const void *b_)
+{
+	const struct maintenance_task *a, *b;
+
+	a = (const struct maintenance_task *)&a_;
+	b = (const struct maintenance_task *)&b_;
+
+	return b->selected_order - a->selected_order;
+}
+
+static int maintenance_run_tasks(struct maintenance_run_opts *opts)
+{
+	int i, found_selected = 0;
+	int result = 0;
+	struct lock_file lk;
+	struct repository *r = the_repository;
+	char *lock_path = xstrfmt("%s/maintenance", r->objects->odb->path);
+
+	if (hold_lock_file_for_update(&lk, lock_path, LOCK_NO_DEREF) < 0) {
+		/*
+		 * Another maintenance command is running.
+		 *
+		 * If --auto was provided, then it is likely due to a
+		 * recursive process stack. Do not report an error in
+		 * that case.
+		 */
+		if (!opts->auto_flag && !opts->quiet)
+			warning(_("lock file '%s' exists, skipping maintenance"),
+				lock_path);
+		free(lock_path);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	free(lock_path);
+
+	for (i = 0; !found_selected && i < TASK__COUNT; i++)
+		found_selected = tasks[i].selected_order >= 0;
+
+	if (found_selected)
+		QSORT(tasks, TASK__COUNT, compare_tasks_by_selection);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < TASK__COUNT; i++) {
+		if (found_selected && tasks[i].selected_order < 0)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!found_selected && !tasks[i].enabled)
+			continue;
+
+		if (opts->auto_flag &&
+		    (!tasks[i].auto_condition ||
+		     !tasks[i].auto_condition()))
+			continue;
+
+		trace2_region_enter("maintenance", tasks[i].name, r);
+		if (tasks[i].fn(opts)) {
+			error(_("task '%s' failed"), tasks[i].name);
+			result = 1;
+		}
+		trace2_region_leave("maintenance", tasks[i].name, r);
+	}
+
+	rollback_lock_file(&lk);
+	return result;
+}
+
+static void initialize_task_config(void)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct strbuf config_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	gc_config();
+
+	for (i = 0; i < TASK__COUNT; i++) {
+		int config_value;
+
+		strbuf_setlen(&config_name, 0);
+		strbuf_addf(&config_name, "maintenance.%s.enabled",
+			    tasks[i].name);
+
+		if (!git_config_get_bool(config_name.buf, &config_value))
+			tasks[i].enabled = config_value;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&config_name);
+}
+
+static int task_option_parse(const struct option *opt,
+			     const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	int i, num_selected = 0;
+	struct maintenance_task *task = NULL;
+
+	BUG_ON_OPT_NEG(unset);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < TASK__COUNT; i++) {
+		if (tasks[i].selected_order >= 0)
+			num_selected++;
+		if (!strcasecmp(tasks[i].name, arg)) {
+			task = &tasks[i];
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!task) {
+		error(_("'%s' is not a valid task"), arg);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (task->selected_order >= 0) {
+		error(_("task '%s' cannot be selected multiple times"), arg);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	task->selected_order = num_selected + 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int maintenance_run(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct maintenance_run_opts opts;
+	struct option builtin_maintenance_run_options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "auto", &opts.auto_flag,
+			 N_("run tasks based on the state of the repository")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "quiet", &opts.quiet,
+			 N_("do not report progress or other information over stderr")),
+		OPT_CALLBACK_F(0, "task", NULL, N_("task"),
+			N_("run a specific task"),
+			PARSE_OPT_NONEG, task_option_parse),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
+
+	opts.quiet = !isatty(2);
+	initialize_task_config();
+
+	for (i = 0; i < TASK__COUNT; i++)
+		tasks[i].selected_order = -1;
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix,
+			     builtin_maintenance_run_options,
+			     builtin_maintenance_run_usage,
+			     PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);
+
+	if (argc != 0)
+		usage_with_options(builtin_maintenance_run_usage,
+				   builtin_maintenance_run_options);
+	return maintenance_run_tasks(&opts);
+}
+
+static const char builtin_maintenance_usage[] = N_("git maintenance run [<options>]");
+
+int cmd_maintenance(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	if (argc < 2 ||
+	    (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h")))
+		usage(builtin_maintenance_usage);
+
+	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "run"))
+		return maintenance_run(argc - 1, argv + 1, prefix);
+
+	die(_("invalid subcommand: %s"), argv[1]);
+}
diff --git a/builtin/init-db.c b/builtin/init-db.c
index cd3e760..01bc648 100644
--- a/builtin/init-db.c
+++ b/builtin/init-db.c
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@
 	return 1;
 }
 
-void initialize_repository_version(int hash_algo)
+void initialize_repository_version(int hash_algo, int reinit)
 {
 	char repo_version_string[10];
 	int repo_version = GIT_REPO_VERSION;
@@ -195,6 +195,8 @@
 	if (hash_algo != GIT_HASH_SHA1)
 		git_config_set("extensions.objectformat",
 			       hash_algos[hash_algo].name);
+	else if (reinit)
+		git_config_set_gently("extensions.objectformat", NULL);
 }
 
 static int create_default_files(const char *template_path,
@@ -277,7 +279,7 @@
 		free(ref);
 	}
 
-	initialize_repository_version(fmt->hash_algo);
+	initialize_repository_version(fmt->hash_algo, 0);
 
 	/* Check filemode trustability */
 	path = git_path_buf(&buf, "config");
diff --git a/builtin/merge.c b/builtin/merge.c
index 032a8f5..9d5359e 100644
--- a/builtin/merge.c
+++ b/builtin/merge.c
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@
 			 * user should see them.
 			 */
 			close_object_store(the_repository->objects);
-			run_auto_gc(verbosity < 0);
+			run_auto_maintenance(verbosity < 0);
 		}
 	}
 	if (new_head && show_diffstat) {
diff --git a/builtin/rebase.c b/builtin/rebase.c
index c4ff203..eeca533 100644
--- a/builtin/rebase.c
+++ b/builtin/rebase.c
@@ -734,10 +734,10 @@
 	apply_autostash(state_dir_path("autostash", opts));
 	close_object_store(the_repository->objects);
 	/*
-	 * We ignore errors in 'gc --auto', since the
+	 * We ignore errors in 'git maintenance run --auto', since the
 	 * user should see them.
 	 */
-	run_auto_gc(!(opts->flags & (REBASE_NO_QUIET|REBASE_VERBOSE)));
+	run_auto_maintenance(!(opts->flags & (REBASE_NO_QUIET|REBASE_VERBOSE)));
 	if (opts->type == REBASE_MERGE) {
 		struct replay_opts replay = REPLAY_OPTS_INIT;
 
diff --git a/builtin/receive-pack.c b/builtin/receive-pack.c
index 439f29d..bb9909c 100644
--- a/builtin/receive-pack.c
+++ b/builtin/receive-pack.c
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@
 static int unpack_limit = 100;
 static off_t max_input_size;
 static int report_status;
+static int report_status_v2;
 static int use_sideband;
 static int use_atomic;
 static int use_push_options;
@@ -97,6 +98,17 @@
 
 static struct tmp_objdir *tmp_objdir;
 
+static struct proc_receive_ref {
+	unsigned int want_add:1,
+		     want_delete:1,
+		     want_modify:1,
+		     negative_ref:1;
+	char *ref_prefix;
+	struct proc_receive_ref *next;
+} *proc_receive_ref;
+
+static void proc_receive_ref_append(const char *prefix);
+
 static enum deny_action parse_deny_action(const char *var, const char *value)
 {
 	if (value) {
@@ -229,6 +241,13 @@
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	if (strcmp(var, "receive.procreceiverefs") == 0) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		proc_receive_ref_append(value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
@@ -240,7 +259,7 @@
 		struct strbuf cap = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 		strbuf_addstr(&cap,
-			      "report-status delete-refs side-band-64k quiet");
+			      "report-status report-status-v2 delete-refs side-band-64k quiet");
 		if (advertise_atomic_push)
 			strbuf_addstr(&cap, " atomic");
 		if (prefer_ofs_delta)
@@ -310,17 +329,94 @@
 	packet_flush(1);
 }
 
+#define RUN_PROC_RECEIVE_SCHEDULED	1
+#define RUN_PROC_RECEIVE_RETURNED	2
 struct command {
 	struct command *next;
 	const char *error_string;
+	struct ref_push_report *report;
 	unsigned int skip_update:1,
-		     did_not_exist:1;
+		     did_not_exist:1,
+		     run_proc_receive:2;
 	int index;
 	struct object_id old_oid;
 	struct object_id new_oid;
 	char ref_name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
 };
 
+static void proc_receive_ref_append(const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct proc_receive_ref *ref_pattern;
+	char *p;
+	int len;
+
+	ref_pattern = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct proc_receive_ref));
+	p = strchr(prefix, ':');
+	if (p) {
+		while (prefix < p) {
+			if (*prefix == 'a')
+				ref_pattern->want_add = 1;
+			else if (*prefix == 'd')
+				ref_pattern->want_delete = 1;
+			else if (*prefix == 'm')
+				ref_pattern->want_modify = 1;
+			else if (*prefix == '!')
+				ref_pattern->negative_ref = 1;
+			prefix++;
+		}
+		prefix++;
+	} else {
+		ref_pattern->want_add = 1;
+		ref_pattern->want_delete = 1;
+		ref_pattern->want_modify = 1;
+	}
+	len = strlen(prefix);
+	while (len && prefix[len - 1] == '/')
+		len--;
+	ref_pattern->ref_prefix = xmemdupz(prefix, len);
+	if (!proc_receive_ref) {
+		proc_receive_ref = ref_pattern;
+	} else {
+		struct proc_receive_ref *end;
+
+		end = proc_receive_ref;
+		while (end->next)
+			end = end->next;
+		end->next = ref_pattern;
+	}
+}
+
+static int proc_receive_ref_matches(struct command *cmd)
+{
+	struct proc_receive_ref *p;
+
+	if (!proc_receive_ref)
+		return 0;
+
+	for (p = proc_receive_ref; p; p = p->next) {
+		const char *match = p->ref_prefix;
+		const char *remains;
+
+		if (!p->want_add && is_null_oid(&cmd->old_oid))
+			continue;
+		else if (!p->want_delete && is_null_oid(&cmd->new_oid))
+			continue;
+		else if (!p->want_modify &&
+			 !is_null_oid(&cmd->old_oid) &&
+			 !is_null_oid(&cmd->new_oid))
+			continue;
+
+		if (skip_prefix(cmd->ref_name, match, &remains) &&
+		    (!*remains || *remains == '/')) {
+			if (!p->negative_ref)
+				return 1;
+		} else if (p->negative_ref) {
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static void rp_error(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 static void rp_warning(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 
@@ -692,6 +788,7 @@
 
 struct receive_hook_feed_state {
 	struct command *cmd;
+	struct ref_push_report *report;
 	int skip_broken;
 	struct strbuf buf;
 	const struct string_list *push_options;
@@ -779,11 +876,31 @@
 		cmd = cmd->next;
 	if (!cmd)
 		return -1; /* EOF */
+	if (!bufp)
+		return 0; /* OK, can feed something. */
 	strbuf_reset(&state->buf);
-	strbuf_addf(&state->buf, "%s %s %s\n",
-		    oid_to_hex(&cmd->old_oid), oid_to_hex(&cmd->new_oid),
-		    cmd->ref_name);
-	state->cmd = cmd->next;
+	if (!state->report)
+		state->report = cmd->report;
+	if (state->report) {
+		struct object_id *old_oid;
+		struct object_id *new_oid;
+		const char *ref_name;
+
+		old_oid = state->report->old_oid ? state->report->old_oid : &cmd->old_oid;
+		new_oid = state->report->new_oid ? state->report->new_oid : &cmd->new_oid;
+		ref_name = state->report->ref_name ? state->report->ref_name : cmd->ref_name;
+		strbuf_addf(&state->buf, "%s %s %s\n",
+			    oid_to_hex(old_oid), oid_to_hex(new_oid),
+			    ref_name);
+		state->report = state->report->next;
+		if (!state->report)
+			state->cmd = cmd->next;
+	} else {
+		strbuf_addf(&state->buf, "%s %s %s\n",
+			    oid_to_hex(&cmd->old_oid), oid_to_hex(&cmd->new_oid),
+			    cmd->ref_name);
+		state->cmd = cmd->next;
+	}
 	if (bufp) {
 		*bufp = state->buf.buf;
 		*sizep = state->buf.len;
@@ -802,6 +919,7 @@
 	strbuf_init(&state.buf, 0);
 	state.cmd = commands;
 	state.skip_broken = skip_broken;
+	state.report = NULL;
 	if (feed_receive_hook(&state, NULL, NULL))
 		return 0;
 	state.cmd = commands;
@@ -840,6 +958,268 @@
 	return finish_command(&proc);
 }
 
+static struct command *find_command_by_refname(struct command *list,
+					       const char *refname)
+{
+	for (; list; list = list->next)
+		if (!strcmp(list->ref_name, refname))
+			return list;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static int read_proc_receive_report(struct packet_reader *reader,
+				    struct command *commands,
+				    struct strbuf *errmsg)
+{
+	struct command *cmd;
+	struct command *hint = NULL;
+	struct ref_push_report *report = NULL;
+	int new_report = 0;
+	int code = 0;
+	int once = 0;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		struct object_id old_oid, new_oid;
+		const char *head;
+		const char *refname;
+		char *p;
+
+		if (packet_reader_read(reader) != PACKET_READ_NORMAL)
+			break;
+
+		head = reader->line;
+		p = strchr(head, ' ');
+		if (!p) {
+			strbuf_addf(errmsg, "proc-receive reported incomplete status line: '%s'\n", head);
+			code = -1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		*p++ = '\0';
+		if (!strcmp(head, "option")) {
+			const char *key, *val;
+
+			if (!hint || !(report || new_report)) {
+				if (!once++)
+					strbuf_addstr(errmsg, "proc-receive reported 'option' without a matching 'ok/ng' directive\n");
+				code = -1;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (new_report) {
+				if (!hint->report) {
+					hint->report = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct ref_push_report));
+					report = hint->report;
+				} else {
+					report = hint->report;
+					while (report->next)
+						report = report->next;
+					report->next = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct ref_push_report));
+					report = report->next;
+				}
+				new_report = 0;
+			}
+			key = p;
+			p = strchr(key, ' ');
+			if (p)
+				*p++ = '\0';
+			val = p;
+			if (!strcmp(key, "refname"))
+				report->ref_name = xstrdup_or_null(val);
+			else if (!strcmp(key, "old-oid") && val &&
+				 !parse_oid_hex(val, &old_oid, &val))
+				report->old_oid = oiddup(&old_oid);
+			else if (!strcmp(key, "new-oid") && val &&
+				 !parse_oid_hex(val, &new_oid, &val))
+				report->new_oid = oiddup(&new_oid);
+			else if (!strcmp(key, "forced-update"))
+				report->forced_update = 1;
+			else if (!strcmp(key, "fall-through"))
+				/* Fall through, let 'receive-pack' to execute it. */
+				hint->run_proc_receive = 0;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		report = NULL;
+		new_report = 0;
+		refname = p;
+		p = strchr(refname, ' ');
+		if (p)
+			*p++ = '\0';
+		if (strcmp(head, "ok") && strcmp(head, "ng")) {
+			strbuf_addf(errmsg, "proc-receive reported bad status '%s' on ref '%s'\n",
+				    head, refname);
+			code = -1;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* first try searching at our hint, falling back to all refs */
+		if (hint)
+			hint = find_command_by_refname(hint, refname);
+		if (!hint)
+			hint = find_command_by_refname(commands, refname);
+		if (!hint) {
+			strbuf_addf(errmsg, "proc-receive reported status on unknown ref: %s\n",
+				    refname);
+			code = -1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!hint->run_proc_receive) {
+			strbuf_addf(errmsg, "proc-receive reported status on unexpected ref: %s\n",
+				    refname);
+			code = -1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		hint->run_proc_receive |= RUN_PROC_RECEIVE_RETURNED;
+		if (!strcmp(head, "ng")) {
+			if (p)
+				hint->error_string = xstrdup(p);
+			else
+				hint->error_string = "failed";
+			code = -1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		new_report = 1;
+	}
+
+	for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next)
+		if (cmd->run_proc_receive && !cmd->error_string &&
+		    !(cmd->run_proc_receive & RUN_PROC_RECEIVE_RETURNED)) {
+		    cmd->error_string = "proc-receive failed to report status";
+		    code = -1;
+		}
+	return code;
+}
+
+static int run_proc_receive_hook(struct command *commands,
+				 const struct string_list *push_options)
+{
+	struct child_process proc = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	struct async muxer;
+	struct command *cmd;
+	const char *argv[2];
+	struct packet_reader reader;
+	struct strbuf cap = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf errmsg = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int hook_use_push_options = 0;
+	int version = 0;
+	int code;
+
+	argv[0] = find_hook("proc-receive");
+	if (!argv[0]) {
+		rp_error("cannot find hook 'proc-receive'");
+		return -1;
+	}
+	argv[1] = NULL;
+
+	proc.argv = argv;
+	proc.in = -1;
+	proc.out = -1;
+	proc.trace2_hook_name = "proc-receive";
+
+	if (use_sideband) {
+		memset(&muxer, 0, sizeof(muxer));
+		muxer.proc = copy_to_sideband;
+		muxer.in = -1;
+		code = start_async(&muxer);
+		if (code)
+			return code;
+		proc.err = muxer.in;
+	} else {
+		proc.err = 0;
+	}
+
+	code = start_command(&proc);
+	if (code) {
+		if (use_sideband)
+			finish_async(&muxer);
+		return code;
+	}
+
+	sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
+
+	/* Version negotiaton */
+	packet_reader_init(&reader, proc.out, NULL, 0,
+			   PACKET_READ_CHOMP_NEWLINE |
+			   PACKET_READ_GENTLE_ON_EOF);
+	if (use_atomic)
+		strbuf_addstr(&cap, " atomic");
+	if (use_push_options)
+		strbuf_addstr(&cap, " push-options");
+	if (cap.len) {
+		packet_write_fmt(proc.in, "version=1%c%s\n", '\0', cap.buf + 1);
+		strbuf_release(&cap);
+	} else {
+		packet_write_fmt(proc.in, "version=1\n");
+	}
+	packet_flush(proc.in);
+
+	for (;;) {
+		int linelen;
+
+		if (packet_reader_read(&reader) != PACKET_READ_NORMAL)
+			break;
+
+		if (reader.pktlen > 8 && starts_with(reader.line, "version=")) {
+			version = atoi(reader.line + 8);
+			linelen = strlen(reader.line);
+			if (linelen < reader.pktlen) {
+				const char *feature_list = reader.line + linelen + 1;
+				if (parse_feature_request(feature_list, "push-options"))
+					hook_use_push_options = 1;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (version != 1) {
+		strbuf_addf(&errmsg, "proc-receive version '%d' is not supported",
+			    version);
+		code = -1;
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	/* Send commands */
+	for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
+		if (!cmd->run_proc_receive || cmd->skip_update || cmd->error_string)
+			continue;
+		packet_write_fmt(proc.in, "%s %s %s",
+				 oid_to_hex(&cmd->old_oid),
+				 oid_to_hex(&cmd->new_oid),
+				 cmd->ref_name);
+	}
+	packet_flush(proc.in);
+
+	/* Send push options */
+	if (hook_use_push_options) {
+		struct string_list_item *item;
+
+		for_each_string_list_item(item, push_options)
+			packet_write_fmt(proc.in, "%s", item->string);
+		packet_flush(proc.in);
+	}
+
+	/* Read result from proc-receive */
+	code = read_proc_receive_report(&reader, commands, &errmsg);
+
+cleanup:
+	close(proc.in);
+	close(proc.out);
+	if (use_sideband)
+		finish_async(&muxer);
+	if (finish_command(&proc))
+		code = -1;
+	if (errmsg.len >0) {
+		char *p = errmsg.buf;
+
+		p += errmsg.len - 1;
+		if (*p == '\n')
+			*p = '\0';
+		rp_error("%s", errmsg.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&errmsg);
+	}
+	sigchain_pop(SIGPIPE);
+
+	return code;
+}
+
 static char *refuse_unconfigured_deny_msg =
 	N_("By default, updating the current branch in a non-bare repository\n"
 	   "is denied, because it will make the index and work tree inconsistent\n"
@@ -1415,7 +1795,7 @@
 	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
-		if (!should_process_cmd(cmd))
+		if (!should_process_cmd(cmd) || cmd->run_proc_receive)
 			continue;
 
 		transaction = ref_transaction_begin(&err);
@@ -1455,7 +1835,7 @@
 	}
 
 	for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
-		if (!should_process_cmd(cmd))
+		if (!should_process_cmd(cmd) || cmd->run_proc_receive)
 			continue;
 
 		cmd->error_string = update(cmd, si);
@@ -1491,6 +1871,7 @@
 	struct iterate_data data;
 	struct async muxer;
 	int err_fd = 0;
+	int run_proc_receive = 0;
 
 	if (unpacker_error) {
 		for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next)
@@ -1520,6 +1901,22 @@
 
 	reject_updates_to_hidden(commands);
 
+	/*
+	 * Try to find commands that have special prefix in their reference names,
+	 * and mark them to run an external "proc-receive" hook later.
+	 */
+	if (proc_receive_ref) {
+		for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
+			if (!should_process_cmd(cmd))
+				continue;
+
+			if (proc_receive_ref_matches(cmd)) {
+				cmd->run_proc_receive = RUN_PROC_RECEIVE_SCHEDULED;
+				run_proc_receive = 1;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	if (run_receive_hook(commands, "pre-receive", 0, push_options)) {
 		for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
 			if (!cmd->error_string)
@@ -1546,6 +1943,14 @@
 	free(head_name_to_free);
 	head_name = head_name_to_free = resolve_refdup("HEAD", 0, NULL, NULL);
 
+	if (run_proc_receive &&
+	    run_proc_receive_hook(commands, push_options))
+		for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next)
+			if (!cmd->error_string &&
+			    !(cmd->run_proc_receive & RUN_PROC_RECEIVE_RETURNED) &&
+			    (cmd->run_proc_receive || use_atomic))
+				cmd->error_string = "fail to run proc-receive hook";
+
 	if (use_atomic)
 		execute_commands_atomic(commands, si);
 	else
@@ -1629,6 +2034,8 @@
 			int len = 0;
 			if (parse_feature_request(feature_list, "report-status"))
 				report_status = 1;
+			if (parse_feature_request(feature_list, "report-status-v2"))
+				report_status_v2 = 1;
 			if (parse_feature_request(feature_list, "side-band-64k"))
 				use_sideband = LARGE_PACKET_MAX;
 			if (parse_feature_request(feature_list, "quiet"))
@@ -1947,6 +2354,51 @@
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
+static void report_v2(struct command *commands, const char *unpack_status)
+{
+	struct command *cmd;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct ref_push_report *report;
+
+	packet_buf_write(&buf, "unpack %s\n",
+			 unpack_status ? unpack_status : "ok");
+	for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
+		int count = 0;
+
+		if (cmd->error_string) {
+			packet_buf_write(&buf, "ng %s %s\n",
+					 cmd->ref_name,
+					 cmd->error_string);
+			continue;
+		}
+		packet_buf_write(&buf, "ok %s\n",
+				 cmd->ref_name);
+		for (report = cmd->report; report; report = report->next) {
+			if (count++ > 0)
+				packet_buf_write(&buf, "ok %s\n",
+						 cmd->ref_name);
+			if (report->ref_name)
+				packet_buf_write(&buf, "option refname %s\n",
+						 report->ref_name);
+			if (report->old_oid)
+				packet_buf_write(&buf, "option old-oid %s\n",
+						 oid_to_hex(report->old_oid));
+			if (report->new_oid)
+				packet_buf_write(&buf, "option new-oid %s\n",
+						 oid_to_hex(report->new_oid));
+			if (report->forced_update)
+				packet_buf_write(&buf, "option forced-update\n");
+		}
+	}
+	packet_buf_flush(&buf);
+
+	if (use_sideband)
+		send_sideband(1, 1, buf.buf, buf.len, use_sideband);
+	else
+		write_or_die(1, buf.buf, buf.len);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
 static int delete_only(struct command *commands)
 {
 	struct command *cmd;
@@ -2055,7 +2507,9 @@
 				 &push_options);
 		if (pack_lockfile)
 			unlink_or_warn(pack_lockfile);
-		if (report_status)
+		if (report_status_v2)
+			report_v2(commands, unpack_status);
+		else if (report_status)
 			report(commands, unpack_status);
 		run_receive_hook(commands, "post-receive", 1,
 				 &push_options);
diff --git a/builtin/send-pack.c b/builtin/send-pack.c
index 2b9610f..7af148d 100644
--- a/builtin/send-pack.c
+++ b/builtin/send-pack.c
@@ -29,10 +29,12 @@
 static void print_helper_status(struct ref *ref)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct ref_push_report *report;
 
 	for (; ref; ref = ref->next) {
 		const char *msg = NULL;
 		const char *res;
+		int count = 0;
 
 		switch(ref->status) {
 		case REF_STATUS_NONE:
@@ -94,6 +96,23 @@
 		}
 		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
 
+		if (ref->status == REF_STATUS_OK) {
+			for (report = ref->report; report; report = report->next) {
+				if (count++ > 0)
+					strbuf_addf(&buf, "ok %s\n", ref->name);
+				if (report->ref_name)
+					strbuf_addf(&buf, "option refname %s\n",
+						report->ref_name);
+				if (report->old_oid)
+					strbuf_addf(&buf, "option old-oid %s\n",
+						oid_to_hex(report->old_oid));
+				if (report->new_oid)
+					strbuf_addf(&buf, "option new-oid %s\n",
+						oid_to_hex(report->new_oid));
+				if (report->forced_update)
+					strbuf_addstr(&buf, "option forced-update\n");
+			}
+		}
 		write_or_die(1, buf.buf, buf.len);
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
diff --git a/cache.h b/cache.h
index cee8aa5..c0072d4 100644
--- a/cache.h
+++ b/cache.h
@@ -629,7 +629,7 @@
 int init_db(const char *git_dir, const char *real_git_dir,
 	    const char *template_dir, int hash_algo,
 	    const char *initial_branch, unsigned int flags);
-void initialize_repository_version(int hash_algo);
+void initialize_repository_version(int hash_algo, int reinit);
 
 void sanitize_stdfds(void);
 int daemonize(void);
diff --git a/command-list.txt b/command-list.txt
index e5901f2..0e3204e 100644
--- a/command-list.txt
+++ b/command-list.txt
@@ -117,6 +117,7 @@
 git-ls-tree                             plumbinginterrogators
 git-mailinfo                            purehelpers
 git-mailsplit                           purehelpers
+git-maintenance                         mainporcelain
 git-merge                               mainporcelain           history
 git-merge-base                          plumbinginterrogators
 git-merge-file                          plumbingmanipulators
diff --git a/commit-graph.c b/commit-graph.c
index 0ed003e..cb042bd 100644
--- a/commit-graph.c
+++ b/commit-graph.c
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@
 		       oid_hex);
 }
 
-static char *get_chain_filename(struct object_directory *odb)
+char *get_commit_graph_chain_filename(struct object_directory *odb)
 {
 	return xstrfmt("%s/info/commit-graphs/commit-graph-chain", odb->path);
 }
@@ -231,7 +231,8 @@
 	return 1;
 }
 
-struct commit_graph *load_commit_graph_one_fd_st(int fd, struct stat *st,
+struct commit_graph *load_commit_graph_one_fd_st(struct repository *r,
+						 int fd, struct stat *st,
 						 struct object_directory *odb)
 {
 	void *graph_map;
@@ -247,7 +248,7 @@
 	}
 	graph_map = xmmap(NULL, graph_size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
 	close(fd);
-	ret = parse_commit_graph(graph_map, graph_size);
+	ret = parse_commit_graph(r, graph_map, graph_size);
 
 	if (ret)
 		ret->odb = odb;
@@ -287,7 +288,8 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-struct commit_graph *parse_commit_graph(void *graph_map, size_t graph_size)
+struct commit_graph *parse_commit_graph(struct repository *r,
+					void *graph_map, size_t graph_size)
 {
 	const unsigned char *data, *chunk_lookup;
 	uint32_t i;
@@ -325,6 +327,8 @@
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
+	prepare_repo_settings(r);
+
 	graph = alloc_commit_graph();
 
 	graph->hash_len = the_hash_algo->rawsz;
@@ -401,14 +405,14 @@
 		case GRAPH_CHUNKID_BLOOMINDEXES:
 			if (graph->chunk_bloom_indexes)
 				chunk_repeated = 1;
-			else
+			else if (r->settings.commit_graph_read_changed_paths)
 				graph->chunk_bloom_indexes = data + chunk_offset;
 			break;
 
 		case GRAPH_CHUNKID_BLOOMDATA:
 			if (graph->chunk_bloom_data)
 				chunk_repeated = 1;
-			else {
+			else if (r->settings.commit_graph_read_changed_paths) {
 				uint32_t hash_version;
 				graph->chunk_bloom_data = data + chunk_offset;
 				hash_version = get_be32(data + chunk_offset);
@@ -420,6 +424,7 @@
 				graph->bloom_filter_settings->hash_version = hash_version;
 				graph->bloom_filter_settings->num_hashes = get_be32(data + chunk_offset + 4);
 				graph->bloom_filter_settings->bits_per_entry = get_be32(data + chunk_offset + 8);
+				graph->bloom_filter_settings->max_changed_paths = DEFAULT_BLOOM_MAX_CHANGES;
 			}
 			break;
 		}
@@ -452,7 +457,8 @@
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-static struct commit_graph *load_commit_graph_one(const char *graph_file,
+static struct commit_graph *load_commit_graph_one(struct repository *r,
+						  const char *graph_file,
 						  struct object_directory *odb)
 {
 
@@ -464,7 +470,7 @@
 	if (!open_ok)
 		return NULL;
 
-	g = load_commit_graph_one_fd_st(fd, &st, odb);
+	g = load_commit_graph_one_fd_st(r, fd, &st, odb);
 
 	if (g)
 		g->filename = xstrdup(graph_file);
@@ -476,7 +482,7 @@
 						 struct object_directory *odb)
 {
 	char *graph_name = get_commit_graph_filename(odb);
-	struct commit_graph *g = load_commit_graph_one(graph_name, odb);
+	struct commit_graph *g = load_commit_graph_one(r, graph_name, odb);
 	free(graph_name);
 
 	return g;
@@ -523,7 +529,7 @@
 	struct stat st;
 	struct object_id *oids;
 	int i = 0, valid = 1, count;
-	char *chain_name = get_chain_filename(odb);
+	char *chain_name = get_commit_graph_chain_filename(odb);
 	FILE *fp;
 	int stat_res;
 
@@ -557,7 +563,7 @@
 		valid = 0;
 		for (odb = r->objects->odb; odb; odb = odb->next) {
 			char *graph_name = get_split_graph_filename(odb, line.buf);
-			struct commit_graph *g = load_commit_graph_one(graph_name, odb);
+			struct commit_graph *g = load_commit_graph_one(r, graph_name, odb);
 
 			free(graph_name);
 
@@ -667,6 +673,17 @@
 	return !!first_generation;
 }
 
+struct bloom_filter_settings *get_bloom_filter_settings(struct repository *r)
+{
+	struct commit_graph *g = r->objects->commit_graph;
+	while (g) {
+		if (g->bloom_filter_settings)
+			return g->bloom_filter_settings;
+		g = g->base_graph;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
 static void close_commit_graph_one(struct commit_graph *g)
 {
 	if (!g)
@@ -952,9 +969,14 @@
 		 changed_paths:1,
 		 order_by_pack:1;
 
-	const struct split_commit_graph_opts *split_opts;
+	const struct commit_graph_opts *opts;
 	size_t total_bloom_filter_data_size;
 	const struct bloom_filter_settings *bloom_settings;
+
+	int count_bloom_filter_computed;
+	int count_bloom_filter_not_computed;
+	int count_bloom_filter_trunc_empty;
+	int count_bloom_filter_trunc_large;
 };
 
 static int write_graph_chunk_fanout(struct hashfile *f,
@@ -1166,7 +1188,7 @@
 	uint32_t cur_pos = 0;
 
 	while (list < last) {
-		struct bloom_filter *filter = get_bloom_filter(ctx->r, *list, 0);
+		struct bloom_filter *filter = get_bloom_filter(ctx->r, *list);
 		size_t len = filter ? filter->len : 0;
 		cur_pos += len;
 		display_progress(ctx->progress, ++ctx->progress_cnt);
@@ -1185,6 +1207,7 @@
 	jw_object_intmax(&jw, "hash_version", ctx->bloom_settings->hash_version);
 	jw_object_intmax(&jw, "num_hashes", ctx->bloom_settings->num_hashes);
 	jw_object_intmax(&jw, "bits_per_entry", ctx->bloom_settings->bits_per_entry);
+	jw_object_intmax(&jw, "max_changed_paths", ctx->bloom_settings->max_changed_paths);
 	jw_end(&jw);
 
 	trace2_data_json("bloom", ctx->r, "settings", &jw);
@@ -1205,7 +1228,7 @@
 	hashwrite_be32(f, ctx->bloom_settings->bits_per_entry);
 
 	while (list < last) {
-		struct bloom_filter *filter = get_bloom_filter(ctx->r, *list, 0);
+		struct bloom_filter *filter = get_bloom_filter(ctx->r, *list);
 		size_t len = filter ? filter->len : 0;
 
 		display_progress(ctx->progress, ++ctx->progress_cnt);
@@ -1270,8 +1293,8 @@
 {
 	int i;
 	struct commit *commit;
-	enum commit_graph_split_flags flags = ctx->split_opts ?
-		ctx->split_opts->flags : COMMIT_GRAPH_SPLIT_UNSPECIFIED;
+	enum commit_graph_split_flags flags = ctx->opts ?
+		ctx->opts->split_flags : COMMIT_GRAPH_SPLIT_UNSPECIFIED;
 
 	if (ctx->report_progress)
 		ctx->progress = start_delayed_progress(
@@ -1375,11 +1398,24 @@
 	stop_progress(&ctx->progress);
 }
 
+static void trace2_bloom_filter_write_statistics(struct write_commit_graph_context *ctx)
+{
+	trace2_data_intmax("commit-graph", ctx->r, "filter-computed",
+			   ctx->count_bloom_filter_computed);
+	trace2_data_intmax("commit-graph", ctx->r, "filter-not-computed",
+			   ctx->count_bloom_filter_not_computed);
+	trace2_data_intmax("commit-graph", ctx->r, "filter-trunc-empty",
+			   ctx->count_bloom_filter_trunc_empty);
+	trace2_data_intmax("commit-graph", ctx->r, "filter-trunc-large",
+			   ctx->count_bloom_filter_trunc_large);
+}
+
 static void compute_bloom_filters(struct write_commit_graph_context *ctx)
 {
 	int i;
 	struct progress *progress = NULL;
 	struct commit **sorted_commits;
+	int max_new_filters;
 
 	init_bloom_filters();
 
@@ -1396,13 +1432,34 @@
 	else
 		QSORT(sorted_commits, ctx->commits.nr, commit_gen_cmp);
 
+	max_new_filters = ctx->opts && ctx->opts->max_new_filters >= 0 ?
+		ctx->opts->max_new_filters : ctx->commits.nr;
+
 	for (i = 0; i < ctx->commits.nr; i++) {
+		enum bloom_filter_computed computed = 0;
 		struct commit *c = sorted_commits[i];
-		struct bloom_filter *filter = get_bloom_filter(ctx->r, c, 1);
-		ctx->total_bloom_filter_data_size += sizeof(unsigned char) * filter->len;
+		struct bloom_filter *filter = get_or_compute_bloom_filter(
+			ctx->r,
+			c,
+			ctx->count_bloom_filter_computed < max_new_filters,
+			ctx->bloom_settings,
+			&computed);
+		if (computed & BLOOM_COMPUTED) {
+			ctx->count_bloom_filter_computed++;
+			if (computed & BLOOM_TRUNC_EMPTY)
+				ctx->count_bloom_filter_trunc_empty++;
+			if (computed & BLOOM_TRUNC_LARGE)
+				ctx->count_bloom_filter_trunc_large++;
+		} else if (computed & BLOOM_NOT_COMPUTED)
+			ctx->count_bloom_filter_not_computed++;
+		ctx->total_bloom_filter_data_size += filter
+			? sizeof(unsigned char) * filter->len : 0;
 		display_progress(progress, i + 1);
 	}
 
+	if (trace2_is_enabled())
+		trace2_bloom_filter_write_statistics(ctx);
+
 	free(sorted_commits);
 	stop_progress(&progress);
 }
@@ -1431,7 +1488,7 @@
 
 int write_commit_graph_reachable(struct object_directory *odb,
 				 enum commit_graph_write_flags flags,
-				 const struct split_commit_graph_opts *split_opts)
+				 const struct commit_graph_opts *opts)
 {
 	struct oidset commits = OIDSET_INIT;
 	struct refs_cb_data data;
@@ -1448,7 +1505,7 @@
 	stop_progress(&data.progress);
 
 	result = write_commit_graph(odb, NULL, &commits,
-				    flags, split_opts);
+				    flags, opts);
 
 	oidset_clear(&commits);
 	return result;
@@ -1563,8 +1620,8 @@
 static void copy_oids_to_commits(struct write_commit_graph_context *ctx)
 {
 	uint32_t i;
-	enum commit_graph_split_flags flags = ctx->split_opts ?
-		ctx->split_opts->flags : COMMIT_GRAPH_SPLIT_UNSPECIFIED;
+	enum commit_graph_split_flags flags = ctx->opts ?
+		ctx->opts->split_flags : COMMIT_GRAPH_SPLIT_UNSPECIFIED;
 
 	ctx->num_extra_edges = 0;
 	if (ctx->report_progress)
@@ -1646,15 +1703,6 @@
 	int num_chunks = 3;
 	uint64_t chunk_offset;
 	struct object_id file_hash;
-	struct bloom_filter_settings bloom_settings = DEFAULT_BLOOM_FILTER_SETTINGS;
-
-	if (!ctx->bloom_settings) {
-		bloom_settings.bits_per_entry = git_env_ulong("GIT_TEST_BLOOM_SETTINGS_BITS_PER_ENTRY",
-							      bloom_settings.bits_per_entry);
-		bloom_settings.num_hashes = git_env_ulong("GIT_TEST_BLOOM_SETTINGS_NUM_HASHES",
-							  bloom_settings.num_hashes);
-		ctx->bloom_settings = &bloom_settings;
-	}
 
 	if (ctx->split) {
 		struct strbuf tmp_file = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -1675,7 +1723,7 @@
 	}
 
 	if (ctx->split) {
-		char *lock_name = get_chain_filename(ctx->odb);
+		char *lock_name = get_commit_graph_chain_filename(ctx->odb);
 
 		hold_lock_file_for_update_mode(&lk, lock_name,
 					       LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR, 0444);
@@ -1858,13 +1906,13 @@
 	int max_commits = 0;
 	int size_mult = 2;
 
-	if (ctx->split_opts) {
-		max_commits = ctx->split_opts->max_commits;
+	if (ctx->opts) {
+		max_commits = ctx->opts->max_commits;
 
-		if (ctx->split_opts->size_multiple)
-			size_mult = ctx->split_opts->size_multiple;
+		if (ctx->opts->size_multiple)
+			size_mult = ctx->opts->size_multiple;
 
-		flags = ctx->split_opts->flags;
+		flags = ctx->opts->split_flags;
 	}
 
 	g = ctx->r->objects->commit_graph;
@@ -2042,10 +2090,10 @@
 	size_t dirnamelen;
 	timestamp_t expire_time = time(NULL);
 
-	if (ctx->split_opts && ctx->split_opts->expire_time)
-		expire_time = ctx->split_opts->expire_time;
+	if (ctx->opts && ctx->opts->expire_time)
+		expire_time = ctx->opts->expire_time;
 	if (!ctx->split) {
-		char *chain_file_name = get_chain_filename(ctx->odb);
+		char *chain_file_name = get_commit_graph_chain_filename(ctx->odb);
 		unlink(chain_file_name);
 		free(chain_file_name);
 		ctx->num_commit_graphs_after = 0;
@@ -2094,12 +2142,13 @@
 		       struct string_list *pack_indexes,
 		       struct oidset *commits,
 		       enum commit_graph_write_flags flags,
-		       const struct split_commit_graph_opts *split_opts)
+		       const struct commit_graph_opts *opts)
 {
 	struct write_commit_graph_context *ctx;
 	uint32_t i, count_distinct = 0;
 	int res = 0;
 	int replace = 0;
+	struct bloom_filter_settings bloom_settings = DEFAULT_BLOOM_FILTER_SETTINGS;
 
 	if (!commit_graph_compatible(the_repository))
 		return 0;
@@ -2110,9 +2159,17 @@
 	ctx->append = flags & COMMIT_GRAPH_WRITE_APPEND ? 1 : 0;
 	ctx->report_progress = flags & COMMIT_GRAPH_WRITE_PROGRESS ? 1 : 0;
 	ctx->split = flags & COMMIT_GRAPH_WRITE_SPLIT ? 1 : 0;
-	ctx->split_opts = split_opts;
+	ctx->opts = opts;
 	ctx->total_bloom_filter_data_size = 0;
 
+	bloom_settings.bits_per_entry = git_env_ulong("GIT_TEST_BLOOM_SETTINGS_BITS_PER_ENTRY",
+						      bloom_settings.bits_per_entry);
+	bloom_settings.num_hashes = git_env_ulong("GIT_TEST_BLOOM_SETTINGS_NUM_HASHES",
+						  bloom_settings.num_hashes);
+	bloom_settings.max_changed_paths = git_env_ulong("GIT_TEST_BLOOM_SETTINGS_MAX_CHANGED_PATHS",
+							 bloom_settings.max_changed_paths);
+	ctx->bloom_settings = &bloom_settings;
+
 	if (flags & COMMIT_GRAPH_WRITE_BLOOM_FILTERS)
 		ctx->changed_paths = 1;
 	if (!(flags & COMMIT_GRAPH_NO_WRITE_BLOOM_FILTERS)) {
@@ -2150,15 +2207,15 @@
 			}
 		}
 
-		if (ctx->split_opts)
-			replace = ctx->split_opts->flags & COMMIT_GRAPH_SPLIT_REPLACE;
+		if (ctx->opts)
+			replace = ctx->opts->split_flags & COMMIT_GRAPH_SPLIT_REPLACE;
 	}
 
 	ctx->approx_nr_objects = approximate_object_count();
 	ctx->oids.alloc = ctx->approx_nr_objects / 32;
 
-	if (ctx->split && split_opts && ctx->oids.alloc > split_opts->max_commits)
-		ctx->oids.alloc = split_opts->max_commits;
+	if (ctx->split && opts && ctx->oids.alloc > opts->max_commits)
+		ctx->oids.alloc = opts->max_commits;
 
 	if (ctx->append) {
 		prepare_commit_graph_one(ctx->r, ctx->odb);
diff --git a/commit-graph.h b/commit-graph.h
index 09a9703..f8e9250 100644
--- a/commit-graph.h
+++ b/commit-graph.h
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 struct string_list;
 
 char *get_commit_graph_filename(struct object_directory *odb);
+char *get_commit_graph_chain_filename(struct object_directory *odb);
 int open_commit_graph(const char *graph_file, int *fd, struct stat *st);
 
 /*
@@ -75,11 +76,13 @@
 	struct bloom_filter_settings *bloom_filter_settings;
 };
 
-struct commit_graph *load_commit_graph_one_fd_st(int fd, struct stat *st,
+struct commit_graph *load_commit_graph_one_fd_st(struct repository *r,
+						 int fd, struct stat *st,
 						 struct object_directory *odb);
 struct commit_graph *read_commit_graph_one(struct repository *r,
 					   struct object_directory *odb);
-struct commit_graph *parse_commit_graph(void *graph_map, size_t graph_size);
+struct commit_graph *parse_commit_graph(struct repository *r,
+					void *graph_map, size_t graph_size);
 
 /*
  * Return 1 if and only if the repository has a commit-graph
@@ -87,6 +90,8 @@
  */
 int generation_numbers_enabled(struct repository *r);
 
+struct bloom_filter_settings *get_bloom_filter_settings(struct repository *r);
+
 enum commit_graph_write_flags {
 	COMMIT_GRAPH_WRITE_APPEND     = (1 << 0),
 	COMMIT_GRAPH_WRITE_PROGRESS   = (1 << 1),
@@ -101,11 +106,12 @@
 	COMMIT_GRAPH_SPLIT_REPLACE          = 2
 };
 
-struct split_commit_graph_opts {
+struct commit_graph_opts {
 	int size_multiple;
 	int max_commits;
 	timestamp_t expire_time;
-	enum commit_graph_split_flags flags;
+	enum commit_graph_split_flags split_flags;
+	int max_new_filters;
 };
 
 /*
@@ -116,12 +122,12 @@
  */
 int write_commit_graph_reachable(struct object_directory *odb,
 				 enum commit_graph_write_flags flags,
-				 const struct split_commit_graph_opts *split_opts);
+				 const struct commit_graph_opts *opts);
 int write_commit_graph(struct object_directory *odb,
 		       struct string_list *pack_indexes,
 		       struct oidset *commits,
 		       enum commit_graph_write_flags flags,
-		       const struct split_commit_graph_opts *split_opts);
+		       const struct commit_graph_opts *opts);
 
 #define COMMIT_GRAPH_VERIFY_SHALLOW	(1 << 0)
 
diff --git a/contrib/diff-highlight/DiffHighlight.pm b/contrib/diff-highlight/DiffHighlight.pm
index e258992..376f577 100644
--- a/contrib/diff-highlight/DiffHighlight.pm
+++ b/contrib/diff-highlight/DiffHighlight.pm
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@
 	# Since we can receive arbitrary input, there's no optimal
 	# place to flush. Flushing on a blank line is a heuristic that
 	# happens to match git-log output.
-	if (!length) {
+	if (/^$/) {
 		$flush_cb->();
 	}
 }
diff --git a/diff.h b/diff.h
index 49242d2..3de3432 100644
--- a/diff.h
+++ b/diff.h
@@ -287,8 +287,6 @@
 
 	/* If non-zero, then stop computing after this many changes. */
 	int max_changes;
-	/* For internal use only. */
-	int num_changes;
 
 	int ita_invisible_in_index;
 /* white-space error highlighting */
diff --git a/fuzz-commit-graph.c b/fuzz-commit-graph.c
index 4308172..e7cf6d5 100644
--- a/fuzz-commit-graph.c
+++ b/fuzz-commit-graph.c
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #include "commit-graph.h"
 #include "repository.h"
 
-struct commit_graph *parse_commit_graph(void *graph_map, size_t graph_size);
+struct commit_graph *parse_commit_graph(struct repository *r,
+					void *graph_map, size_t graph_size);
 
 int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t *data, size_t size);
 
@@ -10,7 +11,7 @@
 	struct commit_graph *g;
 
 	initialize_the_repository();
-	g = parse_commit_graph((void *)data, size);
+	g = parse_commit_graph(the_repository, (void *)data, size);
 	repo_clear(the_repository);
 	free_commit_graph(g);
 
diff --git a/git-p4.py b/git-p4.py
index ca79dc0..4433ca5 100755
--- a/git-p4.py
+++ b/git-p4.py
@@ -4237,7 +4237,7 @@
         """
 
         for parent in (range(65535)):
-            log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit("{0}^{1}".format(starting_point, parent))
+            log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit("{0}~{1}".format(starting_point, parent))
             settings = extractSettingsGitLog(log)
             if 'change' in settings:
                 return settings
diff --git a/git.c b/git.c
index 01c456e..f1e8b56 100644
--- a/git.c
+++ b/git.c
@@ -534,6 +534,7 @@
 	{ "ls-tree", cmd_ls_tree, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "mailinfo", cmd_mailinfo, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY | NO_PARSEOPT },
 	{ "mailsplit", cmd_mailsplit, NO_PARSEOPT },
+	{ "maintenance", cmd_maintenance, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY | NO_PARSEOPT },
 	{ "merge", cmd_merge, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 	{ "merge-base", cmd_merge_base, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "merge-file", cmd_merge_file, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
diff --git a/line-log.c b/line-log.c
index bf73ea9..68eeb42 100644
--- a/line-log.c
+++ b/line-log.c
@@ -1159,7 +1159,7 @@
 		return 1;
 
 	if (!rev->bloom_filter_settings ||
-	    !(filter = get_bloom_filter(rev->repo, commit, 0)))
+	    !(filter = get_bloom_filter(rev->repo, commit)))
 		return 1;
 
 	if (!range)
diff --git a/object.h b/object.h
index 96a2105..20b1880 100644
--- a/object.h
+++ b/object.h
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@
  * sha1-name.c:                                              20
  * list-objects-filter.c:                                      21
  * builtin/fsck.c:           0--3
+ * builtin/gc.c:             0
  * builtin/index-pack.c:                                     2021
  * builtin/pack-objects.c:                                   20
  * builtin/reflog.c:                   10--12
diff --git a/pack-write.c b/pack-write.c
index 685d327..a6cdb3c 100644
--- a/pack-write.c
+++ b/pack-write.c
@@ -117,10 +117,8 @@
 	list = sorted_by_sha;
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
 		struct pack_idx_entry *obj = *list++;
-		if (index_version < 2) {
-			uint32_t offset = htonl(obj->offset);
-			hashwrite(f, &offset, 4);
-		}
+		if (index_version < 2)
+			hashwrite_be32(f, obj->offset);
 		hashwrite(f, obj->oid.hash, the_hash_algo->rawsz);
 		if ((opts->flags & WRITE_IDX_STRICT) &&
 		    (i && oideq(&list[-2]->oid, &obj->oid)))
@@ -135,8 +133,7 @@
 		list = sorted_by_sha;
 		for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
 			struct pack_idx_entry *obj = *list++;
-			uint32_t crc32_val = htonl(obj->crc32);
-			hashwrite(f, &crc32_val, 4);
+			hashwrite_be32(f, obj->crc32);
 		}
 
 		/* write the 32-bit offset table */
@@ -148,8 +145,7 @@
 			offset = (need_large_offset(obj->offset, opts)
 				  ? (0x80000000 | nr_large_offset++)
 				  : obj->offset);
-			offset = htonl(offset);
-			hashwrite(f, &offset, 4);
+			hashwrite_be32(f, offset);
 		}
 
 		/* write the large offset table */
diff --git a/protocol.c b/protocol.c
index 8d964fc..052d7ed 100644
--- a/protocol.c
+++ b/protocol.c
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 enum protocol_version get_protocol_version_config(void)
 {
 	const char *value;
-	int val;
 	const char *git_test_k = "GIT_TEST_PROTOCOL_VERSION";
 	const char *git_test_v;
 
@@ -31,9 +30,6 @@
 		return version;
 	}
 
-	if (!git_config_get_bool("feature.experimental", &val) && val)
-		return protocol_v2;
-
 	git_test_v = getenv(git_test_k);
 	if (git_test_v && *git_test_v) {
 		enum protocol_version env = parse_protocol_version(git_test_v);
@@ -43,7 +39,7 @@
 		return env;
 	}
 
-	return protocol_v0;
+	return protocol_v2;
 }
 
 enum protocol_version determine_protocol_version_server(void)
diff --git a/remote.h b/remote.h
index 5e3ea5a..eb62a47 100644
--- a/remote.h
+++ b/remote.h
@@ -93,6 +93,14 @@
 
 int remote_has_url(struct remote *remote, const char *url);
 
+struct ref_push_report {
+	const char *ref_name;
+	struct object_id *old_oid;
+	struct object_id *new_oid;
+	unsigned int forced_update:1;
+	struct ref_push_report *next;
+};
+
 struct ref {
 	struct ref *next;
 	struct object_id old_oid;
@@ -140,6 +148,7 @@
 		REF_STATUS_ATOMIC_PUSH_FAILED
 	} status;
 	char *remote_status;
+	struct ref_push_report *report;
 	struct ref *peer_ref; /* when renaming */
 	char name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
 };
diff --git a/repo-settings.c b/repo-settings.c
index aa61a35..88ccce2 100644
--- a/repo-settings.c
+++ b/repo-settings.c
@@ -17,9 +17,12 @@
 
 	if (!repo_config_get_bool(r, "core.commitgraph", &value))
 		r->settings.core_commit_graph = value;
+	if (!repo_config_get_bool(r, "commitgraph.readchangedpaths", &value))
+		r->settings.commit_graph_read_changed_paths = value;
 	if (!repo_config_get_bool(r, "gc.writecommitgraph", &value))
 		r->settings.gc_write_commit_graph = value;
 	UPDATE_DEFAULT_BOOL(r->settings.core_commit_graph, 1);
+	UPDATE_DEFAULT_BOOL(r->settings.commit_graph_read_changed_paths, 1);
 	UPDATE_DEFAULT_BOOL(r->settings.gc_write_commit_graph, 1);
 
 	if (!repo_config_get_int(r, "index.version", &value))
diff --git a/repository.h b/repository.h
index 628c834..bacf843 100644
--- a/repository.h
+++ b/repository.h
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 	int initialized;
 
 	int core_commit_graph;
+	int commit_graph_read_changed_paths;
 	int gc_write_commit_graph;
 	int fetch_write_commit_graph;
 
diff --git a/revision.c b/revision.c
index 067030e..d9dc578 100644
--- a/revision.c
+++ b/revision.c
@@ -681,10 +681,7 @@
 
 	repo_parse_commit(revs->repo, revs->commits->item);
 
-	if (!revs->repo->objects->commit_graph)
-		return;
-
-	revs->bloom_filter_settings = revs->repo->objects->commit_graph->bloom_filter_settings;
+	revs->bloom_filter_settings = get_bloom_filter_settings(revs->repo);
 	if (!revs->bloom_filter_settings)
 		return;
 
@@ -755,7 +752,7 @@
 	if (commit_graph_generation(commit) == GENERATION_NUMBER_INFINITY)
 		return -1;
 
-	filter = get_bloom_filter(revs->repo, commit, 0);
+	filter = get_bloom_filter(revs->repo, commit);
 
 	if (!filter) {
 		count_bloom_filter_not_present++;
diff --git a/run-command.c b/run-command.c
index cc9c329..2ee59ac 100644
--- a/run-command.c
+++ b/run-command.c
@@ -1866,15 +1866,13 @@
 	return result;
 }
 
-int run_auto_gc(int quiet)
+int run_auto_maintenance(int quiet)
 {
-	struct strvec argv_gc_auto = STRVEC_INIT;
-	int status;
+	struct child_process maint = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
 
-	strvec_pushl(&argv_gc_auto, "gc", "--auto", NULL);
-	if (quiet)
-		strvec_push(&argv_gc_auto, "--quiet");
-	status = run_command_v_opt(argv_gc_auto.v, RUN_GIT_CMD);
-	strvec_clear(&argv_gc_auto);
-	return status;
+	maint.git_cmd = 1;
+	strvec_pushl(&maint.args, "maintenance", "run", "--auto", NULL);
+	strvec_push(&maint.args, quiet ? "--quiet" : "--no-quiet");
+
+	return run_command(&maint);
 }
diff --git a/run-command.h b/run-command.h
index 8b9bfae..6472b38 100644
--- a/run-command.h
+++ b/run-command.h
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@
 /*
  * Trigger an auto-gc
  */
-int run_auto_gc(int quiet);
+int run_auto_maintenance(int quiet);
 
 #define RUN_COMMAND_NO_STDIN 1
 #define RUN_GIT_CMD	     2	/*If this is to be git sub-command */
diff --git a/send-pack.c b/send-pack.c
index 632f158..c969807 100644
--- a/send-pack.c
+++ b/send-pack.c
@@ -154,25 +154,79 @@
 {
 	struct ref *hint;
 	int ret;
+	struct ref_push_report *report = NULL;
+	int new_report = 0;
+	int once = 0;
 
 	hint = NULL;
 	ret = receive_unpack_status(reader);
 	while (1) {
+		struct object_id old_oid, new_oid;
+		const char *head;
 		const char *refname;
-		char *msg;
+		char *p;
 		if (packet_reader_read(reader) != PACKET_READ_NORMAL)
 			break;
-		if (!starts_with(reader->line, "ok ") && !starts_with(reader->line, "ng ")) {
-			error("invalid ref status from remote: %s", reader->line);
+		head = reader->line;
+		p = strchr(head, ' ');
+		if (!p) {
+			error("invalid status line from remote: %s", reader->line);
 			ret = -1;
 			break;
 		}
+		*p++ = '\0';
 
-		refname = reader->line + 3;
-		msg = strchr(refname, ' ');
-		if (msg)
-			*msg++ = '\0';
+		if (!strcmp(head, "option")) {
+			const char *key, *val;
 
+			if (!hint || !(report || new_report)) {
+				if (!once++)
+					error("'option' without a matching 'ok/ng' directive");
+				ret = -1;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (new_report) {
+				if (!hint->report) {
+					hint->report = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct ref_push_report));
+					report = hint->report;
+				} else {
+					report = hint->report;
+					while (report->next)
+						report = report->next;
+					report->next = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct ref_push_report));
+					report = report->next;
+				}
+				new_report = 0;
+			}
+			key = p;
+			p = strchr(key, ' ');
+			if (p)
+				*p++ = '\0';
+			val = p;
+			if (!strcmp(key, "refname"))
+				report->ref_name = xstrdup_or_null(val);
+			else if (!strcmp(key, "old-oid") && val &&
+				 !parse_oid_hex(val, &old_oid, &val))
+				report->old_oid = oiddup(&old_oid);
+			else if (!strcmp(key, "new-oid") && val &&
+				 !parse_oid_hex(val, &new_oid, &val))
+				report->new_oid = oiddup(&new_oid);
+			else if (!strcmp(key, "forced-update"))
+				report->forced_update = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		report = NULL;
+		new_report = 0;
+		if (strcmp(head, "ok") && strcmp(head, "ng")) {
+			error("invalid ref status from remote: %s", head);
+			ret = -1;
+			break;
+		}
+		refname = p;
+		p = strchr(refname, ' ');
+		if (p)
+			*p++ = '\0';
 		/* first try searching at our hint, falling back to all refs */
 		if (hint)
 			hint = find_ref_by_name(hint, refname);
@@ -180,22 +234,27 @@
 			hint = find_ref_by_name(refs, refname);
 		if (!hint) {
 			warning("remote reported status on unknown ref: %s",
-					refname);
+				refname);
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (hint->status != REF_STATUS_EXPECTING_REPORT) {
+		if (hint->status != REF_STATUS_EXPECTING_REPORT &&
+		    hint->status != REF_STATUS_OK &&
+		    hint->status != REF_STATUS_REMOTE_REJECT) {
 			warning("remote reported status on unexpected ref: %s",
-					refname);
+				refname);
 			continue;
 		}
-
-		if (reader->line[0] == 'o' && reader->line[1] == 'k')
-			hint->status = REF_STATUS_OK;
-		else
+		if (!strcmp(head, "ng")) {
 			hint->status = REF_STATUS_REMOTE_REJECT;
-		hint->remote_status = xstrdup_or_null(msg);
-		/* start our next search from the next ref */
-		hint = hint->next;
+			if (p)
+				hint->remote_status = xstrdup(p);
+			else
+				hint->remote_status = "failed";
+		} else {
+			hint->status = REF_STATUS_OK;
+			hint->remote_status = xstrdup_or_null(p);
+			new_report = 1;
+		}
 	}
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -244,7 +303,12 @@
 		return CHECK_REF_STATUS_REJECTED;
 	case REF_STATUS_UPTODATE:
 		return CHECK_REF_UPTODATE;
+
 	default:
+	case REF_STATUS_EXPECTING_REPORT:
+		/* already passed checks on the local side */
+	case REF_STATUS_OK:
+		/* of course this is OK */
 		return 0;
 	}
 }
@@ -371,7 +435,9 @@
 	struct packet_reader reader;
 
 	/* Does the other end support the reporting? */
-	if (server_supports("report-status"))
+	if (server_supports("report-status-v2"))
+		status_report = 2;
+	else if (server_supports("report-status"))
 		status_report = 1;
 	if (server_supports("delete-refs"))
 		allow_deleting_refs = 1;
@@ -423,8 +489,10 @@
 
 	use_push_options = push_options_supported && args->push_options;
 
-	if (status_report)
+	if (status_report == 1)
 		strbuf_addstr(&cap_buf, " report-status");
+	else if (status_report == 2)
+		strbuf_addstr(&cap_buf, " report-status-v2");
 	if (use_sideband)
 		strbuf_addstr(&cap_buf, " side-band-64k");
 	if (quiet_supported && (args->quiet || !args->progress))
@@ -447,13 +515,6 @@
 		if (ref->deletion && !allow_deleting_refs)
 			ref->status = REF_STATUS_REJECT_NODELETE;
 
-	if (!args->dry_run)
-		advertise_shallow_grafts_buf(&req_buf);
-
-	if (!args->dry_run && push_cert_nonce)
-		cmds_sent = generate_push_cert(&req_buf, remote_refs, args,
-					       cap_buf.buf, push_cert_nonce);
-
 	/*
 	 * Clear the status for each ref and see if we need to send
 	 * the pack data.
@@ -489,31 +550,35 @@
 			ref->status = REF_STATUS_EXPECTING_REPORT;
 	}
 
+	if (!args->dry_run)
+		advertise_shallow_grafts_buf(&req_buf);
+
 	/*
 	 * Finally, tell the other end!
 	 */
-	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
-		char *old_hex, *new_hex;
+	if (!args->dry_run && push_cert_nonce)
+		cmds_sent = generate_push_cert(&req_buf, remote_refs, args,
+					       cap_buf.buf, push_cert_nonce);
+	else if (!args->dry_run)
+		for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+			char *old_hex, *new_hex;
 
-		if (args->dry_run || push_cert_nonce)
-			continue;
+			if (check_to_send_update(ref, args) < 0)
+				continue;
 
-		if (check_to_send_update(ref, args) < 0)
-			continue;
-
-		old_hex = oid_to_hex(&ref->old_oid);
-		new_hex = oid_to_hex(&ref->new_oid);
-		if (!cmds_sent) {
-			packet_buf_write(&req_buf,
-					 "%s %s %s%c%s",
-					 old_hex, new_hex, ref->name, 0,
-					 cap_buf.buf);
-			cmds_sent = 1;
-		} else {
-			packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "%s %s %s",
-					 old_hex, new_hex, ref->name);
+			old_hex = oid_to_hex(&ref->old_oid);
+			new_hex = oid_to_hex(&ref->new_oid);
+			if (!cmds_sent) {
+				packet_buf_write(&req_buf,
+						 "%s %s %s%c%s",
+						 old_hex, new_hex, ref->name, 0,
+						 cap_buf.buf);
+				cmds_sent = 1;
+			} else {
+				packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "%s %s %s",
+						 old_hex, new_hex, ref->name);
+			}
 		}
-	}
 
 	if (use_push_options) {
 		struct string_list_item *item;
diff --git a/t/helper/test-bloom.c b/t/helper/test-bloom.c
index 5e77d56..46e97b0 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-bloom.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-bloom.c
@@ -39,7 +39,9 @@
 	struct bloom_filter *filter;
 	setup_git_directory();
 	c = lookup_commit(the_repository, commit_oid);
-	filter = get_bloom_filter(the_repository, c, 1);
+	filter = get_or_compute_bloom_filter(the_repository, c, 1,
+					     &settings,
+					     NULL);
 	print_bloom_filter(filter);
 }
 
diff --git a/t/helper/test-proc-receive.c b/t/helper/test-proc-receive.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..42164d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-proc-receive.c
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "connect.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "pkt-line.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
+#include "test-tool.h"
+
+static const char *proc_receive_usage[] = {
+	"test-tool proc-receive [<options>...]",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static int die_version;
+static int die_readline;
+static int no_push_options;
+static int use_atomic;
+static int use_push_options;
+static int verbose;
+static int version = 1;
+static struct string_list returns = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+
+struct command {
+	struct command *next;
+	const char *error_string;
+	unsigned int skip_update:1,
+		     did_not_exist:1;
+	int index;
+	struct object_id old_oid;
+	struct object_id new_oid;
+	char ref_name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
+};
+
+static void proc_receive_verison(struct packet_reader *reader) {
+	int server_version = 0;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		int linelen;
+
+		if (packet_reader_read(reader) != PACKET_READ_NORMAL)
+			break;
+
+		if (reader->pktlen > 8 && starts_with(reader->line, "version=")) {
+			server_version = atoi(reader->line+8);
+			linelen = strlen(reader->line);
+			if (linelen < reader->pktlen) {
+				const char *feature_list = reader->line + linelen + 1;
+				if (parse_feature_request(feature_list, "atomic"))
+					use_atomic= 1;
+				if (parse_feature_request(feature_list, "push-options"))
+					use_push_options = 1;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (server_version != 1 || die_version)
+		die("bad protocol version: %d", server_version);
+
+	packet_write_fmt(1, "version=%d%c%s\n",
+			 version, '\0',
+			 use_push_options && !no_push_options ? "push-options": "");
+	packet_flush(1);
+}
+
+static void proc_receive_read_commands(struct packet_reader *reader,
+				       struct command **commands)
+{
+	struct command **tail = commands;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		struct object_id old_oid, new_oid;
+		struct command *cmd;
+		const char *refname;
+		const char *p;
+
+		if (packet_reader_read(reader) != PACKET_READ_NORMAL)
+			break;
+
+		if (parse_oid_hex(reader->line, &old_oid, &p) ||
+		    *p++ != ' ' ||
+		    parse_oid_hex(p, &new_oid, &p) ||
+		    *p++ != ' ' ||
+		    die_readline)
+			die("protocol error: expected 'old new ref', got '%s'",
+			    reader->line);
+		refname = p;
+		FLEX_ALLOC_STR(cmd, ref_name, refname);
+		oidcpy(&cmd->old_oid, &old_oid);
+		oidcpy(&cmd->new_oid, &new_oid);
+
+		*tail = cmd;
+		tail = &cmd->next;
+	}
+}
+
+static void proc_receive_read_push_options(struct packet_reader *reader,
+					   struct string_list *options)
+{
+
+	if (no_push_options || !use_push_options)
+	       return;
+
+	while (1) {
+		if (packet_reader_read(reader) != PACKET_READ_NORMAL)
+			break;
+
+		string_list_append(options, reader->line);
+	}
+}
+
+int cmd__proc_receive(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	int nongit_ok = 0;
+	struct packet_reader reader;
+	struct command *commands = NULL;
+	struct string_list push_options = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "no-push-options", &no_push_options,
+			 "disable push options"),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "die-version", &die_version,
+			 "die during version negotiation"),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "die-readline", &die_readline,
+			 "die when readline"),
+		OPT_STRING_LIST('r', "return", &returns, "old/new/ref/status/msg",
+				"return of results"),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "be verbose"),
+		OPT_INTEGER('V', "version", &version,
+			    "use this protocol version number"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit_ok);
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, "test-tools", options, proc_receive_usage, 0);
+	if (argc > 0)
+		usage_msg_opt("Too many arguments.", proc_receive_usage, options);
+	packet_reader_init(&reader, 0, NULL, 0,
+			   PACKET_READ_CHOMP_NEWLINE |
+			   PACKET_READ_DIE_ON_ERR_PACKET);
+
+	sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
+	proc_receive_verison(&reader);
+	proc_receive_read_commands(&reader, &commands);
+	proc_receive_read_push_options(&reader, &push_options);
+
+	if (verbose) {
+		struct command *cmd;
+
+		if (use_push_options || use_atomic)
+			fprintf(stderr, "proc-receive:%s%s\n",
+				use_atomic? " atomic": "",
+				use_push_options ? " push_options": "");
+
+		for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next)
+			fprintf(stderr, "proc-receive< %s %s %s\n",
+				oid_to_hex(&cmd->old_oid),
+				oid_to_hex(&cmd->new_oid),
+				cmd->ref_name);
+
+		if (push_options.nr > 0)
+			for_each_string_list_item(item, &push_options)
+				fprintf(stderr, "proc-receive< %s\n", item->string);
+
+		if (returns.nr)
+			for_each_string_list_item(item, &returns)
+				fprintf(stderr, "proc-receive> %s\n", item->string);
+	}
+
+	if (returns.nr)
+		for_each_string_list_item(item, &returns)
+			packet_write_fmt(1, "%s\n", item->string);
+	packet_flush(1);
+	sigchain_pop(SIGPIPE);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-read-graph.c b/t/helper/test-read-graph.c
index 6d0c962..5f585a1 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-read-graph.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-read-graph.c
@@ -12,11 +12,12 @@
 	setup_git_directory();
 	odb = the_repository->objects->odb;
 
+	prepare_repo_settings(the_repository);
+
 	graph = read_commit_graph_one(the_repository, odb);
 	if (!graph)
 		return 1;
 
-
 	printf("header: %08x %d %d %d %d\n",
 		ntohl(*(uint32_t*)graph->data),
 		*(unsigned char*)(graph->data + 4),
diff --git a/t/helper/test-tool.c b/t/helper/test-tool.c
index 590b2ef..a0d3966 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-tool.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-tool.c
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
 	{ "path-utils", cmd__path_utils },
 	{ "pkt-line", cmd__pkt_line },
 	{ "prio-queue", cmd__prio_queue },
+	{ "proc-receive", cmd__proc_receive},
 	{ "progress", cmd__progress },
 	{ "reach", cmd__reach },
 	{ "read-cache", cmd__read_cache },
diff --git a/t/helper/test-tool.h b/t/helper/test-tool.h
index ddc8e99..07034d3 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-tool.h
+++ b/t/helper/test-tool.h
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 int cmd__path_utils(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__pkt_line(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__prio_queue(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__proc_receive(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__progress(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__reach(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__read_cache(int argc, const char **argv);
diff --git a/t/t0095-bloom.sh b/t/t0095-bloom.sh
index 232ba2c..7e4ab17 100755
--- a/t/t0095-bloom.sh
+++ b/t/t0095-bloom.sh
@@ -71,8 +71,8 @@
 	git init &&
 	git commit --allow-empty -m "c0" &&
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	Filter_Length:0
-	Filter_Data:
+	Filter_Length:1
+	Filter_Data:00|
 	EOF
 	test-tool bloom get_filter_for_commit "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
@@ -107,8 +107,8 @@
 	git add bigDir &&
 	git commit -m "commit with 513 changes" &&
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	Filter_Length:0
-	Filter_Data:
+	Filter_Length:1
+	Filter_Data:ff|
 	EOF
 	test-tool bloom get_filter_for_commit "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
diff --git a/t/t4216-log-bloom.sh b/t/t4216-log-bloom.sh
index 4bb9e9d..d11040c 100755
--- a/t/t4216-log-bloom.sh
+++ b/t/t4216-log-bloom.sh
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 	rm file_to_be_deleted &&
 	git add . &&
 	git commit -m "file removed" &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "empty" &&
 	git commit-graph write --reachable --changed-paths &&
 
 	test_oid_cache <<-EOF
@@ -37,6 +38,7 @@
 	oid_version sha256:2
 	EOF
 '
+
 graph_read_expect () {
 	NUM_CHUNKS=5
 	cat >expect <<- EOF
@@ -49,7 +51,7 @@
 }
 
 test_expect_success 'commit-graph write wrote out the bloom chunks' '
-	graph_read_expect 15
+	graph_read_expect 16
 '
 
 # Turn off any inherited trace2 settings for this test.
@@ -58,14 +60,14 @@
 sane_unset GIT_TRACE2_CONFIG_PARAMS
 
 setup () {
-	rm "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/trace.perf"
+	rm -f "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/trace.perf" &&
 	git -c core.commitGraph=false log --pretty="format:%s" $1 >log_wo_bloom &&
 	GIT_TRACE2_PERF="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/trace.perf" git -c core.commitGraph=true log --pretty="format:%s" $1 >log_w_bloom
 }
 
 test_bloom_filters_used () {
 	log_args=$1
-	bloom_trace_prefix="statistics:{\"filter_not_present\":0,\"maybe\""
+	bloom_trace_prefix="statistics:{\"filter_not_present\":${2:-0},\"maybe\""
 	setup "$log_args" &&
 	grep -q "$bloom_trace_prefix" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/trace.perf" &&
 	test_cmp log_wo_bloom log_w_bloom &&
@@ -95,7 +97,9 @@
 		      "--ancestry-path side..master"
 	do
 		test_expect_success "git log option: $option for path: $path" '
-			test_bloom_filters_used "$option -- $path"
+			test_bloom_filters_used "$option -- $path" &&
+			test_config commitgraph.readChangedPaths false &&
+			test_bloom_filters_not_used "$option -- $path"
 		'
 	done
 done
@@ -139,8 +143,11 @@
 	test_line_count = 2 .git/objects/info/commit-graphs/commit-graph-chain
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'Do not use Bloom filters if the latest graph does not have Bloom filters.' '
-	test_bloom_filters_not_used "-- A/B"
+test_expect_success 'use Bloom filters even if the latest graph does not have Bloom filters' '
+	# Ensure that the number of empty filters is equal to the number of
+	# filters in the latest graph layer to prove that they are loaded (and
+	# ignored).
+	test_bloom_filters_used "-- A/B" 3
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup - add commit-graph to the chain with Bloom filters' '
@@ -151,7 +158,7 @@
 
 test_bloom_filters_used_when_some_filters_are_missing () {
 	log_args=$1
-	bloom_trace_prefix="statistics:{\"filter_not_present\":3,\"maybe\":6,\"definitely_not\":8"
+	bloom_trace_prefix="statistics:{\"filter_not_present\":3,\"maybe\":6,\"definitely_not\":9"
 	setup "$log_args" &&
 	grep -q "$bloom_trace_prefix" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/trace.perf" &&
 	test_cmp log_wo_bloom log_w_bloom
@@ -169,31 +176,230 @@
 		GIT_TEST_BLOOM_SETTINGS_NUM_HASHES=9 \
 		GIT_TEST_BLOOM_SETTINGS_BITS_PER_ENTRY=15 \
 		git commit-graph write --reachable --changed-paths &&
-	grep "{\"hash_version\":1,\"num_hashes\":9,\"bits_per_entry\":15}" trace2.txt &&
+	grep "{\"hash_version\":1,\"num_hashes\":9,\"bits_per_entry\":15,\"max_changed_paths\":512" trace2.txt &&
 	GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/trace2-auto.txt" \
 		GIT_TRACE2_EVENT_NESTING=5 \
 		git commit-graph write --reachable --changed-paths &&
-	grep "{\"hash_version\":1,\"num_hashes\":9,\"bits_per_entry\":15}" trace2-auto.txt
+	grep "{\"hash_version\":1,\"num_hashes\":9,\"bits_per_entry\":15,\"max_changed_paths\":512" trace2-auto.txt
 '
 
+test_max_changed_paths () {
+	grep "\"max_changed_paths\":$1" $2
+}
+
+test_filter_not_computed () {
+	grep "\"key\":\"filter-not-computed\",\"value\":\"$1\"" $2
+}
+
+test_filter_computed () {
+	grep "\"key\":\"filter-computed\",\"value\":\"$1\"" $2
+}
+
+test_filter_trunc_empty () {
+	grep "\"key\":\"filter-trunc-empty\",\"value\":\"$1\"" $2
+}
+
+test_filter_trunc_large () {
+	grep "\"key\":\"filter-trunc-large\",\"value\":\"$1\"" $2
+}
+
 test_expect_success 'correctly report changes over limit' '
-	git init 513changes &&
+	git init limits &&
 	(
-		cd 513changes &&
-		for i in $(test_seq 1 513)
+		cd limits &&
+		mkdir d &&
+		mkdir d/e &&
+
+		for i in $(test_seq 1 2)
 		do
-			echo $i >file$i.txt || return 1
+			printf $i >d/file$i.txt &&
+			printf $i >d/e/file$i.txt || return 1
 		done &&
-		git add . &&
+
+		mkdir mode &&
+		printf bash >mode/script.sh &&
+
+		mkdir foo &&
+		touch foo/bar &&
+		touch foo.txt &&
+
+		git add d foo foo.txt mode &&
 		git commit -m "files" &&
-		git commit-graph write --reachable --changed-paths &&
-		for i in $(test_seq 1 513)
+
+		# Commit has 7 file and 4 directory adds
+		GIT_TEST_BLOOM_SETTINGS_MAX_CHANGED_PATHS=10 \
+			GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/trace" \
+			git commit-graph write --reachable --changed-paths &&
+		test_max_changed_paths 10 trace &&
+		test_filter_computed 1 trace &&
+		test_filter_trunc_large 1 trace &&
+
+		for path in $(git ls-tree -r --name-only HEAD)
 		do
-			git -c core.commitGraph=false log -- file$i.txt >expect &&
-			git log -- file$i.txt >actual &&
+			git -c commitGraph.readChangedPaths=false log \
+				-- $path >expect &&
+			git log -- $path >actual &&
+			test_cmp expect actual || return 1
+		done &&
+
+		# Make a variety of path changes
+		printf new1 >d/e/file1.txt &&
+		printf new2 >d/file2.txt &&
+		rm d/e/file2.txt &&
+		rm -r foo &&
+		printf text >foo &&
+		mkdir f &&
+		printf new1 >f/file1.txt &&
+
+		# including a mode-only change (counts as modified)
+		git update-index --chmod=+x mode/script.sh &&
+
+		git add foo d f &&
+		git commit -m "complicated" &&
+
+		# start from scratch and rebuild
+		rm -f .git/objects/info/commit-graph &&
+		GIT_TEST_BLOOM_SETTINGS_MAX_CHANGED_PATHS=10 \
+			GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/trace-edit" \
+			git commit-graph write --reachable --changed-paths &&
+		test_max_changed_paths 10 trace-edit &&
+		test_filter_computed 2 trace-edit &&
+		test_filter_trunc_large 2 trace-edit &&
+
+		for path in $(git ls-tree -r --name-only HEAD)
+		do
+			git -c commitGraph.readChangedPaths=false log \
+				-- $path >expect &&
+			git log -- $path >actual &&
+			test_cmp expect actual || return 1
+		done &&
+
+		# start from scratch and rebuild
+		rm -f .git/objects/info/commit-graph &&
+		GIT_TEST_BLOOM_SETTINGS_MAX_CHANGED_PATHS=11 \
+			GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/trace-update" \
+			git commit-graph write --reachable --changed-paths &&
+		test_max_changed_paths 11 trace-update &&
+		test_filter_computed 2 trace-update &&
+		test_filter_trunc_large 0 trace-update &&
+
+		for path in $(git ls-tree -r --name-only HEAD)
+		do
+			git -c commitGraph.readChangedPaths=false log \
+				-- $path >expect &&
+			git log -- $path >actual &&
 			test_cmp expect actual || return 1
 		done
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'correctly report commits with no changed paths' '
+	git init empty &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -fr empty" &&
+	(
+		cd empty &&
+
+		git commit --allow-empty -m "initial commit" &&
+
+		GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/trace.event" \
+			git commit-graph write --reachable --changed-paths &&
+		test_filter_computed 1 trace.event &&
+		test_filter_not_computed 0 trace.event &&
+		test_filter_trunc_empty 1 trace.event &&
+		test_filter_trunc_large 0 trace.event
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Bloom generation is limited by --max-new-filters' '
+	(
+		cd limits &&
+		test_commit c2 filter &&
+		test_commit c3 filter &&
+		test_commit c4 no-filter &&
+
+		rm -f trace.event &&
+		GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/trace.event" \
+			git commit-graph write --reachable --split=replace \
+				--changed-paths --max-new-filters=2 &&
+
+		test_filter_computed 2 trace.event &&
+		test_filter_not_computed 3 trace.event &&
+		test_filter_trunc_empty 0 trace.event &&
+		test_filter_trunc_large 0 trace.event
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Bloom generation backfills previously-skipped filters' '
+	# Check specifying commitGraph.maxNewFilters over "git config" works.
+	test_config -C limits commitGraph.maxNewFilters 1 &&
+	(
+		cd limits &&
+
+		rm -f trace.event &&
+		GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/trace.event" \
+			git commit-graph write --reachable --changed-paths \
+				--split=replace &&
+		test_filter_computed 1 trace.event &&
+		test_filter_not_computed 4 trace.event &&
+		test_filter_trunc_empty 0 trace.event &&
+		test_filter_trunc_large 0 trace.event
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--max-new-filters overrides configuration' '
+	git init override &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -fr override" &&
+	test_config -C override commitGraph.maxNewFilters 2 &&
+	(
+		cd override &&
+		test_commit one &&
+		test_commit two &&
+
+		rm -f trace.event &&
+		GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/trace.event" \
+			git commit-graph write --reachable --changed-paths \
+				--max-new-filters=1 &&
+		test_filter_computed 1 trace.event &&
+		test_filter_not_computed 1 trace.event &&
+		test_filter_trunc_empty 0 trace.event &&
+		test_filter_trunc_large 0 trace.event
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Bloom generation backfills empty commits' '
+	git init empty &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -fr empty" &&
+	(
+		cd empty &&
+		for i in $(test_seq 1 6)
+		do
+			git commit --allow-empty -m "$i"
+		done &&
+
+		# Generate Bloom filters for empty commits 1-6, two at a time.
+		for i in $(test_seq 1 3)
+		do
+			rm -f trace.event &&
+			GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/trace.event" \
+				git commit-graph write --reachable \
+					--changed-paths --max-new-filters=2 &&
+			test_filter_computed 2 trace.event &&
+			test_filter_not_computed 4 trace.event &&
+			test_filter_trunc_empty 2 trace.event &&
+			test_filter_trunc_large 0 trace.event
+		done &&
+
+		# Finally, make sure that once all commits have filters, that
+		# none are subsequently recomputed.
+		rm -f trace.event &&
+		GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/trace.event" \
+			git commit-graph write --reachable \
+				--changed-paths --max-new-filters=2 &&
+		test_filter_computed 0 trace.event &&
+		test_filter_not_computed 6 trace.event &&
+		test_filter_trunc_empty 0 trace.event &&
+		test_filter_trunc_large 0 trace.event
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5324-split-commit-graph.sh b/t/t5324-split-commit-graph.sh
index 1821646..c334ee9 100755
--- a/t/t5324-split-commit-graph.sh
+++ b/t/t5324-split-commit-graph.sh
@@ -427,4 +427,17 @@
 0600 -r--------
 EOF
 
+test_expect_success '--split=replace with partial Bloom data' '
+	rm -rf $graphdir $infodir/commit-graph &&
+	git reset --hard commits/3 &&
+	git rev-list -1 HEAD~2 >a &&
+	git rev-list -1 HEAD~1 >b &&
+	git commit-graph write --split=no-merge --stdin-commits --changed-paths <a &&
+	git commit-graph write --split=no-merge --stdin-commits <b &&
+	git commit-graph write --split=replace --stdin-commits --changed-paths <c &&
+	ls $graphdir/graph-*.graph >graph-files &&
+	test_line_count = 1 graph-files &&
+	verify_chain_files_exist $graphdir
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5411-proc-receive-hook.sh b/t/t5411-proc-receive-hook.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..7464872
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411-proc-receive-hook.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2020 Jiang Xin
+#
+
+test_description='Test proc-receive hook'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5411/common-functions.sh
+
+setup_upstream_and_workbench () {
+	# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+	# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+	test_expect_success "setup upstream and workbench" '
+		rm -rf upstream.git &&
+		rm -rf workbench &&
+		git init --bare upstream.git &&
+		git init workbench &&
+		create_commits_in workbench A B &&
+		(
+			cd workbench &&
+			# Try to make a stable fixed width for abbreviated commit ID,
+			# this fixed-width oid will be replaced with "<OID>".
+			git config core.abbrev 7 &&
+			git tag -m "v123" v123 $A &&
+			git remote add origin ../upstream.git &&
+			git push origin master &&
+			git update-ref refs/heads/master $A $B &&
+			git -C ../upstream.git update-ref \
+				refs/heads/master $A $B
+		) &&
+		TAG=$(git -C workbench rev-parse v123) &&
+
+		# setup pre-receive hook
+		write_script upstream.git/hooks/pre-receive <<-\EOF &&
+		exec >&2
+		echo "# pre-receive hook"
+		while read old new ref
+		do
+			echo "pre-receive< $old $new $ref"
+		done
+		EOF
+
+		# setup post-receive hook
+		write_script upstream.git/hooks/post-receive <<-\EOF &&
+		exec >&2
+		echo "# post-receive hook"
+		while read old new ref
+		do
+			echo "post-receive< $old $new $ref"
+		done
+		EOF
+
+		upstream=upstream.git
+	'
+}
+
+run_proc_receive_hook_test() {
+	case $1 in
+	http)
+		PROTOCOL="HTTP protocol"
+		URL_PREFIX="http://.*"
+		;;
+	local)
+		PROTOCOL="builtin protocol"
+		URL_PREFIX="\.\."
+		;;
+	esac
+
+	# Include test cases for both file and HTTP protocol
+	for t in  "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5411/test-*.sh
+	do
+		. "$t"
+	done
+}
+
+# Initialize the upstream repository and local workbench.
+setup_upstream_and_workbench
+
+# Load test cases that only need to be executed once.
+for t in  "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5411/once-*.sh
+do
+	. "$t"
+done
+
+# Initialize the upstream repository and local workbench.
+setup_upstream_and_workbench
+
+# Run test cases for 'proc-receive' hook on local file protocol.
+run_proc_receive_hook_test local
+
+ROOT_PATH="$PWD"
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-gpg.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-terminal.sh
+start_httpd
+
+# Re-initialize the upstream repository and local workbench.
+setup_upstream_and_workbench
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+test_expect_success "setup for HTTP protocol" '
+	git -C upstream.git config http.receivepack true &&
+	upstream="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/upstream.git" &&
+	mv upstream.git "$upstream" &&
+	git -C workbench remote set-url origin "$HTTPD_URL/auth-push/smart/upstream.git" &&
+	set_askpass user@host pass@host
+'
+
+setup_askpass_helper
+
+# Run test cases for 'proc-receive' hook on HTTP protocol.
+run_proc_receive_hook_test http
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5411/common-functions.sh b/t/t5411/common-functions.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6580beb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/common-functions.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+# Create commits in <repo> and assign each commit's oid to shell variables
+# given in the arguments (A, B, and C). E.g.:
+#
+#     create_commits_in <repo> A B C
+#
+# NOTE: Never calling this function from a subshell since variable
+# assignments will disappear when subshell exits.
+create_commits_in () {
+	repo="$1" &&
+	if ! parent=$(git -C "$repo" rev-parse HEAD^{} --)
+	then
+		parent=
+	fi &&
+	T=$(git -C "$repo" write-tree) &&
+	shift &&
+	while test $# -gt 0
+	do
+		name=$1 &&
+		test_tick &&
+		if test -z "$parent"
+		then
+			oid=$(echo $name | git -C "$repo" commit-tree $T)
+		else
+			oid=$(echo $name | git -C "$repo" commit-tree -p $parent $T)
+		fi &&
+		eval $name=$oid &&
+		parent=$oid &&
+		shift ||
+		return 1
+	done &&
+	git -C "$repo" update-ref refs/heads/master $oid
+}
+
+# Format the output of git-push, git-show-ref and other commands to make a
+# user-friendly and stable text.  We can easily prepare the expect text
+# without having to worry about future changes of the commit ID and spaces
+# of the output.  Single quotes are replaced with double quotes, because
+# it is boring to prepare unquoted single quotes in expect text.  We also
+# remove some locale error messages, which break test if we turn on
+# `GIT_TEST_GETTEXT_POISON=true` in order to test unintentional translations
+# on plumbing commands.
+make_user_friendly_and_stable_output () {
+	sed \
+		-e "s/  *\$//" \
+		-e "s/   */ /g" \
+		-e "s/'/\"/g" \
+		-e "s/	/    /g" \
+		-e "s/$A/<COMMIT-A>/g" \
+		-e "s/$B/<COMMIT-B>/g" \
+		-e "s/$TAG/<TAG-v123>/g" \
+		-e "s/$ZERO_OID/<ZERO-OID>/g" \
+		-e "s/$(echo $A | cut -c1-7)[0-9a-f]*/<OID-A>/g" \
+		-e "s/$(echo $B | cut -c1-7)[0-9a-f]*/<OID-B>/g" \
+		-e "s#To $URL_PREFIX/upstream.git#To <URL/of/upstream.git>#" \
+		-e "/^error: / d"
+}
diff --git a/t/t5411/once-0010-report-status-v1.sh b/t/t5411/once-0010-report-status-v1.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc2cf4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/once-0010-report-status-v1.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+test_expect_success "setup receive.procReceiveRefs" '
+	git -C "$upstream" config --add receive.procReceiveRefs refs/for
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic1" \
+		-r "option fall-through" \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic2" \
+		-r "option refname refs/for/changes/23/123/1" \
+		-r "option new-oid $A" \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic2" \
+		-r "option refname refs/for/changes/24/124/2" \
+		-r "option old-oid $B" \
+		-r "option new-oid $A" \
+		-r "option forced-update" \
+		-r "ng refs/for/next/topic target branch not exist"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         : (B)                   refs/for/master/topic1(A)  foo(A)  refs/for/next/topic(A)  refs/for/master/topic2(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: report status v1" '
+	{
+		if test -z "$GIT_DEFAULT_HASH" || test "$GIT_DEFAULT_HASH" = "sha1"
+		then
+			printf "%s %s refs/heads/master\0report-status\n" \
+				$A $B | packetize
+		else
+			printf "%s %s refs/heads/master\0report-status object-format=$GIT_DEFAULT_HASH\n" \
+				$A $B | packetize
+		fi &&
+		printf "%s %s refs/for/master/topic1\n" \
+			$ZERO_OID $A | packetize &&
+		printf "%s %s refs/heads/foo\n" \
+			$ZERO_OID $A | packetize &&
+		printf "%s %s refs/for/next/topic\n" \
+			$ZERO_OID $A | packetize &&
+		printf "%s %s refs/for/master/topic2\n" \
+			$ZERO_OID $A | packetize &&
+		printf 0000 &&
+		printf "" | git -C "$upstream" pack-objects --stdout
+	} | git receive-pack "$upstream" --stateless-rpc \
+	>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	# pre-receive hook
+	pre-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic1
+	pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/foo
+	pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic
+	pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic2
+	# proc-receive hook
+	proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic1
+	proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic
+	proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic2
+	proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic1
+	proc-receive> option fall-through
+	proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic2
+	proc-receive> option refname refs/for/changes/23/123/1
+	proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic2
+	proc-receive> option refname refs/for/changes/24/124/2
+	proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	proc-receive> option forced-update
+	proc-receive> ng refs/for/next/topic target branch not exist
+	000eunpack ok
+	0019ok refs/heads/master
+	001eok refs/for/master/topic1
+	0016ok refs/heads/foo
+	0033ng refs/for/next/topic target branch not exist
+	001eok refs/for/master/topic2
+	0000# post-receive hook
+	post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic1
+	post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/foo
+	post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/changes/23/123/1
+	post-receive< <COMMIT-B> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/changes/24/124/2
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic1
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/foo
+	<COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0000-standard-git-push.sh b/t/t5411/test-0000-standard-git-push.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e206587
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0000-standard-git-push.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)  
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git-push         : master(B)             next(A)
+test_expect_success "git-push ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C workbench push origin \
+		$B:refs/heads/master \
+		HEAD:refs/heads/next \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 <OID-A>..<OID-B> <COMMIT-B> -> master
+	 * [new branch] HEAD -> next
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(B)  next(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)           tags/v123
+# git-push --atomic: master(A)  next(B)
+test_expect_success "git-push --atomic ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push --atomic origin \
+		master \
+		$B:refs/heads/next \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out |
+		sed -n \
+			-e "/^To / { s/   */ /g; p; }" \
+			-e "/^ ! / { s/   */ /g; p; }" \
+			>actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 ! [rejected] master -> master (non-fast-forward)
+	 ! [rejected] <COMMIT-B> -> next (atomic push failed)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(B)  next(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)           tags/v123
+# git-push         : master(A)  next(B)
+test_expect_success "non-fast-forward git-push ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	test_must_fail git \
+		-C workbench \
+		-c advice.pushUpdateRejected=false \
+		push origin \
+		master \
+		$B:refs/heads/next \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/next
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/next
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 <OID-A>..<OID-B> <COMMIT-B> -> next
+	 ! [rejected] master -> master (non-fast-forward)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	<COMMIT-B> refs/heads/next
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(B)  next(B)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)           tags/v123
+# git-push -f      : master(A)  NULL     tags/v123  refs/review/master/topic(A)  a/b/c(A)
+test_expect_success "git-push -f ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C workbench push -f origin \
+		refs/tags/v123 \
+		:refs/heads/next \
+		master \
+		master:refs/review/master/topic \
+		HEAD:refs/heads/a/b/c \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <COMMIT-B> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	remote: pre-receive< <COMMIT-B> <ZERO-OID> refs/heads/next
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <TAG-v123> refs/tags/v123
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/review/master/topic
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/a/b/c
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-B> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-B> <ZERO-OID> refs/heads/next
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <TAG-v123> refs/tags/v123
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/review/master/topic
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/a/b/c
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 + <OID-B>...<OID-A> master -> master (forced update)
+	 - [deleted] next
+	 * [new tag] v123 -> v123
+	 * [new reference] master -> refs/review/master/topic
+	 * [new branch] HEAD -> a/b/c
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/a/b/c
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/review/master/topic
+	<TAG-v123> refs/tags/v123
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)  tags/v123  refs/review/master/topic(A)  a/b/c(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+test_expect_success "cleanup ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	(
+		cd "$upstream" &&
+		git update-ref -d refs/review/master/topic &&
+		git update-ref -d refs/tags/v123 &&
+		git update-ref -d refs/heads/a/b/c
+	)
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0001-standard-git-push--porcelain.sh b/t/t5411/test-0001-standard-git-push--porcelain.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..48f6fcc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0001-standard-git-push--porcelain.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)  
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git-push         : master(B)             next(A)
+test_expect_success "git-push ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+		$B:refs/heads/master \
+		HEAD:refs/heads/next \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	     <COMMIT-B>:refs/heads/master    <OID-A>..<OID-B>
+	*    HEAD:refs/heads/next    [new branch]
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(B)  next(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)           tags/v123
+# git-push --atomic: master(A)  next(B)
+test_expect_success "git-push --atomic ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push --atomic --porcelain origin \
+		master \
+		$B:refs/heads/next \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out |
+		sed -n \
+			-e "s/^# GETTEXT POISON #//" \
+			-e "/^To / { s/   */ /g; p; }" \
+			-e "/^! / { s/   */ /g; p; }" \
+			>actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	! refs/heads/master:refs/heads/master [rejected] (non-fast-forward)
+	! <COMMIT-B>:refs/heads/next [rejected] (atomic push failed)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(B)  next(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)           tags/v123
+# git-push         : master(A)  next(B)
+test_expect_success "non-fast-forward git-push ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	test_must_fail git \
+		-C workbench \
+		-c advice.pushUpdateRejected=false \
+		push --porcelain origin \
+		master \
+		$B:refs/heads/next \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/next
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/next
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	     <COMMIT-B>:refs/heads/next    <OID-A>..<OID-B>
+	!    refs/heads/master:refs/heads/master    [rejected] (non-fast-forward)
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	<COMMIT-B> refs/heads/next
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(B)  next(B)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)           tags/v123
+# git-push -f      : master(A)  NULL     tags/v123  refs/review/master/topic(A)  a/b/c(A)
+test_expect_success "git-push -f ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	git -C workbench push --porcelain -f origin \
+		refs/tags/v123 \
+		:refs/heads/next \
+		master \
+		master:refs/review/master/topic \
+		HEAD:refs/heads/a/b/c \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <COMMIT-B> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	remote: pre-receive< <COMMIT-B> <ZERO-OID> refs/heads/next
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <TAG-v123> refs/tags/v123
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/review/master/topic
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/a/b/c
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-B> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-B> <ZERO-OID> refs/heads/next
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <TAG-v123> refs/tags/v123
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/review/master/topic
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/a/b/c
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	+    refs/heads/master:refs/heads/master    <OID-B>...<OID-A> (forced update)
+	-    :refs/heads/next    [deleted]
+	*    refs/tags/v123:refs/tags/v123    [new tag]
+	*    refs/heads/master:refs/review/master/topic    [new reference]
+	*    HEAD:refs/heads/a/b/c    [new branch]
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/a/b/c
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/review/master/topic
+	<TAG-v123> refs/tags/v123
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)  tags/v123  refs/review/master/topic(A)  a/b/c(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+test_expect_success "cleanup ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	(
+		cd "$upstream" &&
+		git update-ref -d refs/review/master/topic &&
+		git update-ref -d refs/tags/v123 &&
+		git update-ref -d refs/heads/a/b/c
+	)
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0002-pre-receive-declined.sh b/t/t5411/test-0002-pre-receive-declined.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c246f7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0002-pre-receive-declined.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+test_expect_success "setup pre-receive hook ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	mv "$upstream/hooks/pre-receive" "$upstream/hooks/pre-receive.ok" &&
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/pre-receive" <<-EOF
+	exit 1
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git-push         : master(B)             next(A)
+test_expect_success "git-push is declined ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push origin \
+		$B:refs/heads/master \
+		HEAD:refs/heads/next \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 ! [remote rejected] <COMMIT-B> -> master (pre-receive hook declined)
+	 ! [remote rejected] HEAD -> next (pre-receive hook declined)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "cleanup ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	mv "$upstream/hooks/pre-receive.ok" "$upstream/hooks/pre-receive"
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0003-pre-receive-declined--porcelain.sh b/t/t5411/test-0003-pre-receive-declined--porcelain.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b14894d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0003-pre-receive-declined--porcelain.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+test_expect_success "setup pre-receive hook ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	mv "$upstream/hooks/pre-receive" "$upstream/hooks/pre-receive.ok" &&
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/pre-receive" <<-EOF
+	exit 1
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git-push         : master(B)             next(A)
+test_expect_success "git-push is declined ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+		$B:refs/heads/master \
+		HEAD:refs/heads/next \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	!    <COMMIT-B>:refs/heads/master    [remote rejected] (pre-receive hook declined)
+	!    HEAD:refs/heads/next    [remote rejected] (pre-receive hook declined)
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "cleanup ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	mv "$upstream/hooks/pre-receive.ok" "$upstream/hooks/pre-receive"
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0010-proc-receive-settings.sh b/t/t5411/test-0010-proc-receive-settings.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a368099
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0010-proc-receive-settings.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+test_expect_success "add two receive.procReceiveRefs settings" '
+	(
+		cd "$upstream" &&
+		git config --add receive.procReceiveRefs refs/for &&
+		git config --add receive.procReceiveRefs refs/review/
+	)
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0011-no-hook-error.sh b/t/t5411/test-0011-no-hook-error.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb6ec92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0011-no-hook-error.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       next(A)  refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: no hook, fail to push special ref ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push origin \
+		HEAD:next \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: error: cannot find hook "proc-receive"
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 * [new branch] HEAD -> next
+	 ! [remote rejected] HEAD -> refs/for/master/topic (fail to run proc-receive hook)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)             next(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+test_expect_success "cleanup ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C "$upstream" update-ref -d refs/heads/next
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push --atomic: (B)                   next(A)  refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: no hook, all failed for atomic push ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push --atomic origin \
+		$B:master \
+		HEAD:next \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic >out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: error: cannot find hook "proc-receive"
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 ! [remote rejected] <COMMIT-B> -> master (fail to run proc-receive hook)
+	 ! [remote rejected] HEAD -> next (fail to run proc-receive hook)
+	 ! [remote rejected] HEAD -> refs/for/master/topic (fail to run proc-receive hook)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0012-no-hook-error--porcelain.sh b/t/t5411/test-0012-no-hook-error--porcelain.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4814f74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0012-no-hook-error--porcelain.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       next(A)  refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: no hook, fail to push special ref ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+		HEAD:next \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: error: cannot find hook "proc-receive"
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	*    HEAD:refs/heads/next    [new branch]
+	!    HEAD:refs/for/master/topic    [remote rejected] (fail to run proc-receive hook)
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)             next(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+test_expect_success "cleanup ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	git -C "$upstream" update-ref -d refs/heads/next
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push --atomic: (B)                   next(A)  refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: no hook, all failed for atomic push ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push --porcelain --atomic origin \
+		$B:master \
+		HEAD:next \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic >out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: error: cannot find hook "proc-receive"
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	!    <COMMIT-B>:refs/heads/master    [remote rejected] (fail to run proc-receive hook)
+	!    HEAD:refs/heads/next    [remote rejected] (fail to run proc-receive hook)
+	!    HEAD:refs/for/master/topic    [remote rejected] (fail to run proc-receive hook)
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0013-bad-protocol.sh b/t/t5411/test-0013-bad-protocol.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c5fe4cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0013-bad-protocol.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (unknown version, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v --version 2
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: bad protocol (unknown version, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+
+	# Check status report for git-push
+	sed -n \
+		-e "/^To / { p; n; p; }" \
+		<actual >actual-report &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 ! [remote rejected] HEAD -> refs/for/master/topic (fail to run proc-receive hook)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual-report &&
+
+	# Check error message from "receive-pack", but ignore unstable fatal error
+	# message ("remote: fatal: the remote end hung up unexpectedly") which
+	# is different from the remote HTTP server with different locale settings.
+	grep "^remote: error:" <actual >actual-error &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: error: proc-receive version "2" is not supported
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual-error &&
+
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (hook --die-version, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v --die-version
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: bad protocol (hook --die-version, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: fatal: bad protocol version: 1
+	remote: error: proc-receive version "0" is not supported
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 ! [remote rejected] HEAD -> refs/for/master/topic (fail to run proc-receive hook)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (hook --die-readline, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v --die-readline
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: bad protocol (hook --die-readline, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+
+	grep "remote: fatal: protocol error: expected \"old new ref\", got \"<ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic\"" actual &&
+
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (no report, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       next(A)  refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: bad protocol (no report, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push origin \
+		HEAD:refs/heads/next \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic >out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 * [new branch] HEAD -> next
+	 ! [remote rejected] HEAD -> refs/for/master/topic (proc-receive failed to report status)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)             next(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+test_expect_success "cleanup ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C "$upstream" update-ref -d refs/heads/next
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (no ref, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/master/topic
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: bad protocol (no ref, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic\
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok
+	remote: error: proc-receive reported incomplete status line: "ok"
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 ! [remote rejected] HEAD -> refs/for/master/topic (proc-receive failed to report status)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (unknown status, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "xx refs/for/master/topic"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/master/topic
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: bad protocol (unknown status, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push origin \
+			HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+			>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> xx refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: error: proc-receive reported bad status "xx" on ref "refs/for/master/topic"
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 ! [remote rejected] HEAD -> refs/for/master/topic (proc-receive failed to report status)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0014-bad-protocol--porcelain.sh b/t/t5411/test-0014-bad-protocol--porcelain.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..53b47b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0014-bad-protocol--porcelain.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (unknown version, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v --version 2
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: bad protocol (unknown version, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+
+	# Check status report for git-push
+	sed -n \
+		-e "/^To / { p; n; p; n; p; }" \
+		<actual >actual-report &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	!    HEAD:refs/for/master/topic    [remote rejected] (fail to run proc-receive hook)
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual-report &&
+
+	# Check error message from "receive-pack", but ignore unstable fatal error
+	# message ("remote: fatal: the remote end hung up unexpectedly") which
+	# is different from the remote HTTP server with different locale settings.
+	grep "^remote: error:" <actual >actual-error &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: error: proc-receive version "2" is not supported
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual-error &&
+
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (no report, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       next(A)  refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: bad protocol (no report, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+		HEAD:refs/heads/next \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic >out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	*    HEAD:refs/heads/next    [new branch]
+	!    HEAD:refs/for/master/topic    [remote rejected] (proc-receive failed to report status)
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)             next(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+test_expect_success "cleanup ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	git -C "$upstream" update-ref -d refs/heads/next
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (no ref, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/master/topic
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: bad protocol (no ref, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic\
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok
+	remote: error: proc-receive reported incomplete status line: "ok"
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	!    HEAD:refs/for/master/topic    [remote rejected] (proc-receive failed to report status)
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (unknown status, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "xx refs/for/master/topic"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/master/topic
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: bad protocol (unknown status, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+			HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+			>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> xx refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: error: proc-receive reported bad status "xx" on ref "refs/for/master/topic"
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	!    HEAD:refs/for/master/topic    [remote rejected] (proc-receive failed to report status)
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0020-report-ng.sh b/t/t5411/test-0020-report-ng.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f726b7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0020-report-ng.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (ng, no message, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ng refs/for/master/topic"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/master/topic
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: fail to update (ng, no message, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ng refs/for/master/topic
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 ! [remote rejected] HEAD -> refs/for/master/topic (failed)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (ng message, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ng refs/for/master/topic error msg"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/master/topic
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: fail to update (ng, with message, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ng refs/for/master/topic error msg
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 ! [remote rejected] HEAD -> refs/for/master/topic (error msg)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0021-report-ng--porcelain.sh b/t/t5411/test-0021-report-ng--porcelain.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fbf5569
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0021-report-ng--porcelain.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (ng, no message, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ng refs/for/master/topic"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/master/topic
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: fail to update (ng, no message, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ng refs/for/master/topic
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	!    HEAD:refs/for/master/topic    [remote rejected] (failed)
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (ng message, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ng refs/for/master/topic error msg"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/master/topic
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: fail to update (ng, with message, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ng refs/for/master/topic error msg
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	!    HEAD:refs/for/master/topic    [remote rejected] (error msg)
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0022-report-unexpect-ref.sh b/t/t5411/test-0022-report-unexpect-ref.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..92a415b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0022-report-unexpect-ref.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (unexpected ref, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/heads/master"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         : (B)                   refs/for/master/topic
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: report unexpected ref ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push origin \
+		$B:refs/heads/master \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/heads/master
+	remote: error: proc-receive reported status on unexpected ref: refs/heads/master
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 <OID-A>..<OID-B> <COMMIT-B> -> master
+	 ! [remote rejected] HEAD -> refs/for/master/topic (proc-receive failed to report status)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(B)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+test_expect_success "cleanup ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C "$upstream" update-ref refs/heads/master $A
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0023-report-unexpect-ref--porcelain.sh b/t/t5411/test-0023-report-unexpect-ref--porcelain.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..acbf93e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0023-report-unexpect-ref--porcelain.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (unexpected ref, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/heads/master"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         : (B)                   refs/for/master/topic
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: report unexpected ref ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+		$B:refs/heads/master \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/heads/master
+	remote: error: proc-receive reported status on unexpected ref: refs/heads/master
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	     <COMMIT-B>:refs/heads/master    <OID-A>..<OID-B>
+	!    HEAD:refs/for/master/topic    [remote rejected] (proc-receive failed to report status)
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(B)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+test_expect_success "cleanup ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	git -C "$upstream" update-ref refs/heads/master $A
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0024-report-unknown-ref.sh b/t/t5411/test-0024-report-unknown-ref.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c3946f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0024-report-unknown-ref.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (unexpected ref, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/a/b/c/my/topic
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: report unknown reference ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/a/b/c/my/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/a/b/c/my/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/a/b/c/my/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: error: proc-receive reported status on unknown ref: refs/for/master/topic
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 ! [remote rejected] HEAD -> refs/for/a/b/c/my/topic (proc-receive failed to report status)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0025-report-unknown-ref--porcelain.sh b/t/t5411/test-0025-report-unknown-ref--porcelain.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d093b1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0025-report-unknown-ref--porcelain.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (unexpected ref, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/a/b/c/my/topic
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: report unknown reference ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/a/b/c/my/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/a/b/c/my/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/a/b/c/my/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: error: proc-receive reported status on unknown ref: refs/for/master/topic
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	!    HEAD:refs/for/a/b/c/my/topic    [remote rejected] (proc-receive failed to report status)
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0026-push-options.sh b/t/t5411/test-0026-push-options.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d0c4da8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0026-push-options.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook and disable push-options ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C "$upstream" config receive.advertisePushOptions false &&
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push -o ...  :                       refs/for/master/topic
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: not support push options ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push \
+		-o issue=123 \
+		-o reviewer=user1 \
+		origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "fatal: the receiving end does not support push options" \
+		actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "enable push options ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C "$upstream" config receive.advertisePushOptions true
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push -o ...  :                       next(A)  refs/for/master/topic
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: push with options ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C workbench push \
+		--atomic \
+		-o issue=123 \
+		-o reviewer=user1 \
+		origin \
+		HEAD:refs/heads/next \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive: atomic push_options
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive< issue=123
+	remote: proc-receive< reviewer=user1
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 * [new branch] HEAD -> next
+	 * [new reference] HEAD -> refs/for/master/topic
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)             next(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+test_expect_success "cleanup ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C "$upstream" update-ref -d refs/heads/next
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0027-push-options--porcelain.sh b/t/t5411/test-0027-push-options--porcelain.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c89a1e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0027-push-options--porcelain.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook and disable push-options ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	git -C "$upstream" config receive.advertisePushOptions false &&
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push -o ...  :                       refs/for/master/topic
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: not support push options ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push \
+		--porcelain \
+		-o issue=123 \
+		-o reviewer=user1 \
+		origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "fatal: the receiving end does not support push options" \
+		actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "enable push options ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	git -C "$upstream" config receive.advertisePushOptions true
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push -o ...  :                       next(A)  refs/for/master/topic
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: push with options ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	git -C workbench push \
+		--porcelain \
+		--atomic \
+		-o issue=123 \
+		-o reviewer=user1 \
+		origin \
+		HEAD:refs/heads/next \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive: atomic push_options
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive< issue=123
+	remote: proc-receive< reviewer=user1
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	*    HEAD:refs/heads/next    [new branch]
+	*    HEAD:refs/for/master/topic    [new reference]
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)             next(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+test_expect_success "cleanup ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	git -C "$upstream" update-ref -d refs/heads/next
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0030-report-ok.sh b/t/t5411/test-0030-report-ok.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..44c99d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0030-report-ok.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (ok, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/master/topic
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: ok ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C workbench push origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 * [new reference] HEAD -> refs/for/master/topic
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0031-report-ok--porcelain.sh b/t/t5411/test-0031-report-ok--porcelain.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3223b26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0031-report-ok--porcelain.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (ok, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/master/topic
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: ok ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	*    HEAD:refs/for/master/topic    [new reference]
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0032-report-with-options.sh b/t/t5411/test-0032-report-with-options.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b77b78c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0032-report-with-options.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,256 @@
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (option without matching ok, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "option refname refs/pull/123/head" \
+		-r "option old-oid $B"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/next/topic(A)  refs/for/a/b/c/topic(A)  refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: report option without matching ok ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/pull/123/head
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: error: proc-receive reported "option" without a matching "ok/ng" directive
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 ! [remote rejected] HEAD -> refs/for/master/topic (proc-receive failed to report status)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (option refname, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/pull/123/head"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/next/topic(A)  refs/for/a/b/c/topic(A)  refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: report option refname ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C workbench push origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/pull/123/head
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/pull/123/head
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 * [new reference] HEAD -> refs/pull/123/head
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (option refname and forced-update, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/pull/123/head" \
+		-r "option forced-update"
+	EOF
+'
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/next/topic(A)  refs/for/a/b/c/topic(A)  refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: report option refname and forced-update ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C workbench push origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/pull/123/head
+	remote: proc-receive> option forced-update
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/pull/123/head
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 * [new reference] HEAD -> refs/pull/123/head
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (option refname and old-oid, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/pull/123/head" \
+		-r "option old-oid $B"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/next/topic(A)  refs/for/a/b/c/topic(A)  refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: report option refname and old-oid ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C workbench push origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/pull/123/head
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-B> <COMMIT-A> refs/pull/123/head
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 <OID-B>..<OID-A> HEAD -> refs/pull/123/head
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (option old-oid, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option old-oid $B"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/next/topic(A)  refs/for/a/b/c/topic(A)  refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: report option old-oid ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C workbench push origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-B> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 <OID-B>..<OID-A> HEAD -> refs/for/master/topic
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (option old-oid and new-oid, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option old-oid $A" \
+		-r "option new-oid $B"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/next/topic(A)  refs/for/a/b/c/topic(A)  refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: report option old-oid and new-oid ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C workbench push origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/for/master/topic
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 <OID-A>..<OID-B> HEAD -> refs/for/master/topic
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (report with multiple rewrites, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/a/b/c/topic" \
+		-r "ok refs/for/next/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/pull/123/head" \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/pull/124/head" \
+		-r "option old-oid $B" \
+		-r "option forced-update" \
+		-r "option new-oid $A"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/next/topic(A)  refs/for/a/b/c/topic(A)  refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: report with multiple rewrites ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C workbench push origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/next/topic \
+		HEAD:refs/for/a/b/c/topic \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/a/b/c/topic
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/a/b/c/topic
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/a/b/c/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/next/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/pull/123/head
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/pull/124/head
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: proc-receive> option forced-update
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/pull/123/head
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/a/b/c/topic
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-B> <COMMIT-A> refs/pull/124/head
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 * [new reference] HEAD -> refs/pull/123/head
+	 * [new reference] HEAD -> refs/for/a/b/c/topic
+	 + <OID-B>...<OID-A> HEAD -> refs/pull/124/head (forced update)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0033-report-with-options--porcelain.sh b/t/t5411/test-0033-report-with-options--porcelain.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1fe352b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0033-report-with-options--porcelain.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (option without matching ok, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "option refname refs/pull/123/head" \
+		-r "option old-oid $B"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/next/topic(A)  refs/for/a/b/c/topic(A)  refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: report option without matching ok ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/pull/123/head
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: error: proc-receive reported "option" without a matching "ok/ng" directive
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	!    HEAD:refs/for/master/topic    [remote rejected] (proc-receive failed to report status)
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (option refname, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/pull/123/head"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/next/topic(A)  refs/for/a/b/c/topic(A)  refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: report option refname ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/pull/123/head
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/pull/123/head
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	*    HEAD:refs/pull/123/head    [new reference]
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (option refname and forced-update, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/pull/123/head" \
+		-r "option forced-update"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/next/topic(A)  refs/for/a/b/c/topic(A)  refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: report option refname and forced-update ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/pull/123/head
+	remote: proc-receive> option forced-update
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/pull/123/head
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	*    HEAD:refs/pull/123/head    [new reference]
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (option refname and old-oid, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/pull/123/head" \
+		-r "option old-oid $B"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/next/topic(A)  refs/for/a/b/c/topic(A)  refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: report option refname and old-oid ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/pull/123/head
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-B> <COMMIT-A> refs/pull/123/head
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	     HEAD:refs/pull/123/head    <OID-B>..<OID-A>
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (option old-oid, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option old-oid $B"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/next/topic(A)  refs/for/a/b/c/topic(A)  refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: report option old-oid ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-B> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	     HEAD:refs/for/master/topic    <OID-B>..<OID-A>
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (option old-oid and new-oid, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option old-oid $A" \
+		-r "option new-oid $B"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/next/topic(A)  refs/for/a/b/c/topic(A)  refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: report option old-oid and new-oid ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/for/master/topic
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	     HEAD:refs/for/master/topic    <OID-A>..<OID-B>
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (report with multiple rewrites, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/a/b/c/topic" \
+		-r "ok refs/for/next/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/pull/123/head" \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/pull/124/head" \
+		-r "option old-oid $B" \
+		-r "option forced-update" \
+		-r "option new-oid $A"
+
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/next/topic(A)  refs/for/a/b/c/topic(A)  refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: report with multiple rewrites ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/next/topic \
+		HEAD:refs/for/a/b/c/topic \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/a/b/c/topic
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/a/b/c/topic
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/a/b/c/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/next/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/pull/123/head
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/pull/124/head
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: proc-receive> option forced-update
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/pull/123/head
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/a/b/c/topic
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-B> <COMMIT-A> refs/pull/124/head
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	*    HEAD:refs/pull/123/head    [new reference]
+	*    HEAD:refs/for/a/b/c/topic    [new reference]
+	+    HEAD:refs/pull/124/head    <OID-B>...<OID-A> (forced update)
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0034-report-ft.sh b/t/t5411/test-0034-report-ft.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aca2b06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0034-report-ft.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (ft, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option fall-through"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/master/topic(B)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: fall throught, let receive-pack to execute ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C workbench push origin \
+		$B:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-B> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-B> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option fall-through
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-B> refs/for/master/topic
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 * [new reference] <COMMIT-B> -> refs/for/master/topic
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-B> refs/for/master/topic
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)             refs/for/master/topic(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+test_expect_success "cleanup ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C "$upstream" update-ref -d refs/for/master/topic
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0035-report-ft--porcelain.sh b/t/t5411/test-0035-report-ft--porcelain.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..30ffffb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0035-report-ft--porcelain.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (fall-through, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option fall-through"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/master/topic(B)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: fall throught, let receive-pack to execute ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+		$B:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-B> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-B> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option fall-through
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-B> refs/for/master/topic
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	*    <COMMIT-B>:refs/for/master/topic    [new reference]
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-B> refs/for/master/topic
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)             refs/for/master/topic(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+test_expect_success "cleanup ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	git -C "$upstream" update-ref -d refs/for/master/topic
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0036-report-multi-rewrite-for-one-ref.sh b/t/t5411/test-0036-report-multi-rewrite-for-one-ref.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..73283d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0036-report-multi-rewrite-for-one-ref.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+test_expect_success "setup git config for remote-tracking of special refs" '
+	(
+		cd workbench &&
+		if ! git config --get-all remote.origin.fetch | grep refs/for/
+		then
+			git config --add remote.origin.fetch \
+				"+refs/for/*:refs/t/for/*" &&
+			git config --add remote.origin.fetch \
+				"+refs/pull/*:refs/t/pull/*" &&
+			git config --add remote.origin.fetch \
+				"+refs/changes/*:refs/t/changes/*"
+		fi
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (multiple rewrites for one ref, no refname for the 1st rewrite, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option old-oid $A" \
+		-r "option new-oid $B" \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/changes/24/124/1" \
+		-r "option old-oid $ZERO_OID" \
+		-r "option new-oid $A" \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/changes/25/125/1" \
+		-r "option old-oid $A" \
+		-r "option new-oid $B"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: multiple rewrite for one ref, no refname for the 1st rewrite ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C workbench push origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/changes/24/124/1
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <ZERO-OID>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/changes/25/125/1
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/changes/24/124/1
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/changes/25/125/1
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 <OID-A>..<OID-B> HEAD -> refs/for/master/topic
+	 * [new reference] HEAD -> refs/changes/24/124/1
+	 <OID-A>..<OID-B> HEAD -> refs/changes/25/125/1
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: check remote-tracking #1 ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C workbench show-ref |
+		grep -v -e refs/remotes -e refs/heads -e refs/tags >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/t/changes/24/124/1
+	<COMMIT-B> refs/t/changes/25/125/1
+	<COMMIT-B> refs/t/for/master/topic
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C workbench update-ref -d refs/t/for/master/topic &&
+	git -C workbench update-ref -d refs/t/changes/24/124/1 &&
+	git -C workbench update-ref -d refs/t/changes/25/125/1
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (multiple rewrites for one ref, no refname for the 2nd rewrite, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/changes/24/124/1" \
+		-r "option old-oid $ZERO_OID" \
+		-r "option new-oid $A" \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option old-oid $A" \
+		-r "option new-oid $B" \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/changes/25/125/1" \
+		-r "option old-oid $B" \
+		-r "option new-oid $A" \
+		-r "option forced-update"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: multiple rewrites for one ref, no refname for the 2nd rewrite ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C workbench push origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/changes/24/124/1
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <ZERO-OID>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/changes/25/125/1
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> option forced-update
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/changes/24/124/1
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-B> <COMMIT-A> refs/changes/25/125/1
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 * [new reference] HEAD -> refs/changes/24/124/1
+	 <OID-A>..<OID-B> HEAD -> refs/for/master/topic
+	 + <OID-B>...<OID-A> HEAD -> refs/changes/25/125/1 (forced update)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: check remote-tracking #2 ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C workbench show-ref |
+		grep -v -e refs/remotes -e refs/heads -e refs/tags >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/t/changes/24/124/1
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/t/changes/25/125/1
+	<COMMIT-B> refs/t/for/master/topic
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C workbench update-ref -d refs/t/for/master/topic &&
+	git -C workbench update-ref -d refs/t/changes/24/124/1 &&
+	git -C workbench update-ref -d refs/t/changes/25/125/1
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (multiple rewrites for one ref, $PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/changes/23/123/1" \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/changes/24/124/2" \
+		-r "option old-oid $A" \
+		-r "option new-oid $B"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: multiple rewrites for one ref ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C workbench push origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/changes/23/123/1
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/changes/24/124/2
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/changes/23/123/1
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/changes/24/124/2
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 * [new reference] HEAD -> refs/changes/23/123/1
+	 <OID-A>..<OID-B> HEAD -> refs/changes/24/124/2
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: check remote-tracking #3 ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C workbench show-ref |
+		grep -v -e refs/remotes -e refs/heads -e refs/tags >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/t/changes/23/123/1
+	<COMMIT-B> refs/t/changes/24/124/2
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C workbench update-ref -d refs/t/changes/24/124/1 &&
+	git -C workbench update-ref -d refs/t/changes/25/125/2
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0037-report-multi-rewrite-for-one-ref--porcelain.sh b/t/t5411/test-0037-report-multi-rewrite-for-one-ref--porcelain.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..77b5b22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0037-report-multi-rewrite-for-one-ref--porcelain.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (multiple rewrites for one ref, no refname for the 1st rewrite, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option old-oid $A" \
+		-r "option new-oid $B" \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/changes/24/124/1" \
+		-r "option old-oid $ZERO_OID" \
+		-r "option new-oid $A" \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/changes/25/125/1" \
+		-r "option old-oid $A" \
+		-r "option new-oid $B"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: multiple rewrite for one ref, no refname for the 1st rewrite ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/changes/24/124/1
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <ZERO-OID>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/changes/25/125/1
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/changes/24/124/1
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/changes/25/125/1
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	     HEAD:refs/for/master/topic    <OID-A>..<OID-B>
+	*    HEAD:refs/changes/24/124/1    [new reference]
+	     HEAD:refs/changes/25/125/1    <OID-A>..<OID-B>
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (multiple rewrites for one ref, no refname for the 2nd rewrite, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/changes/24/124/1" \
+		-r "option old-oid $ZERO_OID" \
+		-r "option new-oid $A" \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option old-oid $A" \
+		-r "option new-oid $B" \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/changes/25/125/1" \
+		-r "option old-oid $B" \
+		-r "option new-oid $A" \
+		-r "option forced-update"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: multiple rewrites for one ref, no refname for the 2nd rewrite ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/changes/24/124/1
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <ZERO-OID>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/changes/25/125/1
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> option forced-update
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/changes/24/124/1
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-B> <COMMIT-A> refs/changes/25/125/1
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	*    HEAD:refs/changes/24/124/1    [new reference]
+	     HEAD:refs/for/master/topic    <OID-A>..<OID-B>
+	+    HEAD:refs/changes/25/125/1    <OID-B>...<OID-A> (forced update)
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook (multiple rewrites for one ref, $PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/changes/23/123/1" \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/changes/24/124/2" \
+		-r "option old-oid $A" \
+		-r "option new-oid $B"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         :                       refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: multiple rewrites for one ref ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/changes/23/123/1
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/changes/24/124/2
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/changes/23/123/1
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/changes/24/124/2
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	*    HEAD:refs/changes/23/123/1    [new reference]
+	     HEAD:refs/changes/24/124/2    <OID-A>..<OID-B>
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0038-report-mixed-refs.sh b/t/t5411/test-0038-report-mixed-refs.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a74a2cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0038-report-mixed-refs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/next/topic2" \
+		-r "ng refs/for/next/topic1 fail to call Web API" \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option old-oid $A" \
+		-r "option new-oid $B"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         : (B)                   bar(A)  baz(A)  refs/for/next/topic(A)  foo(A)  refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: report update of mixed refs ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push origin \
+		$B:refs/heads/master \
+		HEAD:refs/heads/bar \
+		HEAD:refs/heads/baz \
+		HEAD:refs/for/next/topic2 \
+		HEAD:refs/for/next/topic1 \
+		HEAD:refs/heads/foo \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		HEAD:refs/for/next/topic3 \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/bar
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/baz
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic2
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic1
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/foo
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic3
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic2
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic1
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic3
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/next/topic2
+	remote: proc-receive> ng refs/for/next/topic1 fail to call Web API
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/bar
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/baz
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic2
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/foo
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/for/master/topic
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 <OID-A>..<OID-B> <COMMIT-B> -> master
+	 * [new branch] HEAD -> bar
+	 * [new branch] HEAD -> baz
+	 * [new reference] HEAD -> refs/for/next/topic2
+	 * [new branch] HEAD -> foo
+	 <OID-A>..<OID-B> HEAD -> refs/for/master/topic
+	 ! [remote rejected] HEAD -> refs/for/next/topic1 (fail to call Web API)
+	 ! [remote rejected] HEAD -> refs/for/next/topic3 (proc-receive failed to report status)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/bar
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/baz
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/foo
+	<COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(B)             foo(A)  bar(A))  baz(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+test_expect_success "cleanup ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	(
+		cd "$upstream" &&
+		git update-ref refs/heads/master $A &&
+		git update-ref -d refs/heads/foo &&
+		git update-ref -d refs/heads/bar &&
+		git update-ref -d refs/heads/baz
+	)
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0039-report-mixed-refs--porcelain.sh b/t/t5411/test-0039-report-mixed-refs--porcelain.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e4baa13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0039-report-mixed-refs--porcelain.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/for/next/topic2" \
+		-r "ng refs/for/next/topic1 fail to call Web API" \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option old-oid $A" \
+		-r "option new-oid $B"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         : (B)                   bar(A)  baz(A)  refs/for/next/topic(A)  foo(A)  refs/for/master/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: report update of mixed refs ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	test_must_fail git -C workbench push --porcelain origin \
+		$B:refs/heads/master \
+		HEAD:refs/heads/bar \
+		HEAD:refs/heads/baz \
+		HEAD:refs/for/next/topic2 \
+		HEAD:refs/for/next/topic1 \
+		HEAD:refs/heads/foo \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		HEAD:refs/for/next/topic3 \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/bar
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/baz
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic2
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic1
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/foo
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic3
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic2
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic1
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic3
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/next/topic2
+	remote: proc-receive> ng refs/for/next/topic1 fail to call Web API
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/bar
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/baz
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic2
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/foo
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/for/master/topic
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	     <COMMIT-B>:refs/heads/master    <OID-A>..<OID-B>
+	*    HEAD:refs/heads/bar    [new branch]
+	*    HEAD:refs/heads/baz    [new branch]
+	*    HEAD:refs/for/next/topic2    [new reference]
+	*    HEAD:refs/heads/foo    [new branch]
+	     HEAD:refs/for/master/topic    <OID-A>..<OID-B>
+	!    HEAD:refs/for/next/topic1    [remote rejected] (fail to call Web API)
+	!    HEAD:refs/for/next/topic3    [remote rejected] (proc-receive failed to report status)
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/bar
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/baz
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/foo
+	<COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(B)             foo(A)  bar(A))  baz(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+test_expect_success "cleanup ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	(
+		cd "$upstream" &&
+		git update-ref refs/heads/master $A &&
+		git update-ref -d refs/heads/foo &&
+		git update-ref -d refs/heads/bar &&
+		git update-ref -d refs/heads/baz
+	)
+
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0040-process-all-refs.sh b/t/t5411/test-0040-process-all-refs.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b07c999
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0040-process-all-refs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+test_expect_success "config receive.procReceiveRefs = refs ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C "$upstream" config --unset-all receive.procReceiveRefs &&
+	git -C "$upstream" config --add receive.procReceiveRefs refs
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+test_expect_success "setup upstream branches ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	(
+		cd "$upstream" &&
+		git update-ref refs/heads/master $B &&
+		git update-ref refs/heads/foo $A &&
+		git update-ref refs/heads/bar $A &&
+		git update-ref refs/heads/baz $A
+	)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/heads/master" \
+		-r "option fall-through" \
+		-r "ok refs/heads/foo" \
+		-r "option fall-through" \
+		-r "ok refs/heads/bar" \
+		-r "option fall-through" \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/pull/123/head" \
+		-r "option old-oid $A" \
+		-r "option new-oid $B" \
+		-r "ok refs/for/next/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/pull/124/head" \
+		-r "option old-oid $B" \
+		-r "option new-oid $A" \
+		-r "option forced-update"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(B)             foo(A)  bar(A))  baz(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push -f      : master(A)             (NULL)  (B)              refs/for/master/topic(A)  refs/for/next/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: process all refs ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C workbench push -f origin \
+		HEAD:refs/heads/master \
+		:refs/heads/foo \
+		$B:refs/heads/bar \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		HEAD:refs/for/next/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/bar
+	remote: pre-receive< <COMMIT-A> <ZERO-OID> refs/heads/foo
+	remote: pre-receive< <COMMIT-B> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/bar
+	remote: proc-receive< <COMMIT-A> <ZERO-OID> refs/heads/foo
+	remote: proc-receive< <COMMIT-B> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/heads/master
+	remote: proc-receive> option fall-through
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/heads/foo
+	remote: proc-receive> option fall-through
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/heads/bar
+	remote: proc-receive> option fall-through
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/pull/123/head
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/next/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/pull/124/head
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> option forced-update
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/bar
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <ZERO-OID> refs/heads/foo
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-B> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/pull/123/head
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-B> <COMMIT-A> refs/pull/124/head
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 <OID-A>..<OID-B> <COMMIT-B> -> bar
+	 - [deleted] foo
+	 + <OID-B>...<OID-A> HEAD -> master (forced update)
+	 <OID-A>..<OID-B> HEAD -> refs/pull/123/head
+	 + <OID-B>...<OID-A> HEAD -> refs/pull/124/head (forced update)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-B> refs/heads/bar
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/baz
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)             bar(A)  baz(B)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+test_expect_success "cleanup ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	(
+		cd "$upstream" &&
+		git update-ref -d refs/heads/bar &&
+		git update-ref -d refs/heads/baz
+	)
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0041-process-all-refs--porcelain.sh b/t/t5411/test-0041-process-all-refs--porcelain.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0dd9824
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0041-process-all-refs--porcelain.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+test_expect_success "config receive.procReceiveRefs = refs ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	git -C "$upstream" config --unset-all receive.procReceiveRefs &&
+	git -C "$upstream" config --add receive.procReceiveRefs refs
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+test_expect_success "setup upstream branches ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	(
+		cd "$upstream" &&
+		git update-ref refs/heads/master $B &&
+		git update-ref refs/heads/foo $A &&
+		git update-ref refs/heads/bar $A &&
+		git update-ref refs/heads/baz $A
+	)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/heads/master" \
+		-r "option fall-through" \
+		-r "ok refs/heads/foo" \
+		-r "option fall-through" \
+		-r "ok refs/heads/bar" \
+		-r "option fall-through" \
+		-r "ok refs/for/master/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/pull/123/head" \
+		-r "option old-oid $A" \
+		-r "option new-oid $B" \
+		-r "ok refs/for/next/topic" \
+		-r "option refname refs/pull/124/head" \
+		-r "option old-oid $B" \
+		-r "option new-oid $A" \
+		-r "option forced-update"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(B)             foo(A)  bar(A))  baz(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push -f      : master(A)             (NULL)  (B)              refs/for/master/topic(A)  refs/for/next/topic(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: process all refs ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	git -C workbench push --porcelain -f origin \
+		HEAD:refs/heads/master \
+		:refs/heads/foo \
+		$B:refs/heads/bar \
+		HEAD:refs/for/master/topic \
+		HEAD:refs/for/next/topic \
+		>out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/bar
+	remote: pre-receive< <COMMIT-A> <ZERO-OID> refs/heads/foo
+	remote: pre-receive< <COMMIT-B> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/bar
+	remote: proc-receive< <COMMIT-A> <ZERO-OID> refs/heads/foo
+	remote: proc-receive< <COMMIT-B> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/for/next/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/heads/master
+	remote: proc-receive> option fall-through
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/heads/foo
+	remote: proc-receive> option fall-through
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/heads/bar
+	remote: proc-receive> option fall-through
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/master/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/pull/123/head
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/for/next/topic
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/pull/124/head
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> option forced-update
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/bar
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <ZERO-OID> refs/heads/foo
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-B> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/pull/123/head
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-B> <COMMIT-A> refs/pull/124/head
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	     <COMMIT-B>:refs/heads/bar    <OID-A>..<OID-B>
+	-    :refs/heads/foo    [deleted]
+	+    HEAD:refs/heads/master    <OID-B>...<OID-A> (forced update)
+	     HEAD:refs/pull/123/head    <OID-A>..<OID-B>
+	+    HEAD:refs/pull/124/head    <OID-B>...<OID-A> (forced update)
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-B> refs/heads/bar
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/baz
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)             bar(A)  baz(B)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+test_expect_success "cleanup ($PROTOCOL/porcelain)" '
+	(
+		cd "$upstream" &&
+		git update-ref -d refs/heads/bar &&
+		git update-ref -d refs/heads/baz
+	)
+'
diff --git a/t/t5411/test-0050-proc-receive-refs-with-modifiers.sh b/t/t5411/test-0050-proc-receive-refs-with-modifiers.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c22849c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5411/test-0050-proc-receive-refs-with-modifiers.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+test_expect_success "config receive.procReceiveRefs with modifiers ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	(
+		cd "$upstream" &&
+		git config --unset-all receive.procReceiveRefs &&
+		git config --add receive.procReceiveRefs m:refs/heads/master &&
+		git config --add receive.procReceiveRefs ad:refs/heads &&
+		git config --add receive.procReceiveRefs "a!:refs/heads"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/heads/master" \
+		-r "option refname refs/pull/123/head" \
+		-r "option old-oid $A" \
+		-r "option new-oid $B" \
+		-r "ok refs/tags/v123 " \
+		-r "option refname refs/pull/124/head"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+# git push         : master(B)  tags/v123
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: update branch and new tag ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C workbench push origin \
+		$B:refs/heads/master \
+		v123 >out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <TAG-v123> refs/tags/v123
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/master
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <TAG-v123> refs/tags/v123
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/heads/master
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/pull/123/head
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-B>
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/tags/v123
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/pull/124/head
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/pull/123/head
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <TAG-v123> refs/pull/124/head
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 <OID-A>..<OID-B> <COMMIT-B> -> refs/pull/123/head
+	 * [new reference] v123 -> refs/pull/124/head
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)  tags/v123
+test_expect_success "setup upstream: create tags/v123 ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C "$upstream" update-ref refs/heads/topic $A &&
+	git -C "$upstream" update-ref refs/tags/v123 $TAG &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/topic
+	<TAG-v123> refs/tags/v123
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup proc-receive hook ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	write_script "$upstream/hooks/proc-receive" <<-EOF
+	printf >&2 "# proc-receive hook\n"
+	test-tool proc-receive -v \
+		-r "ok refs/heads/master" \
+		-r "option refname refs/pull/123/head" \
+		-r "option old-oid $A" \
+		-r "option new-oid $ZERO_OID" \
+		-r "ok refs/heads/next" \
+		-r "option refname refs/pull/124/head" \
+		-r "option new-oid $A"
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Refs of upstream : master(A)  topic(A)  tags/v123
+# Refs of workbench: master(A)            tags/v123
+# git push         : NULL       topic(B)  NULL       next(A)
+test_expect_success "proc-receive: create/delete branch, and delete tag ($PROTOCOL)" '
+	git -C workbench push origin \
+		:refs/heads/master \
+		$B:refs/heads/topic \
+		$A:refs/heads/next \
+		:refs/tags/v123 >out 2>&1 &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	remote: # pre-receive hook
+	remote: pre-receive< <COMMIT-A> <ZERO-OID> refs/heads/master
+	remote: pre-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/topic
+	remote: pre-receive< <TAG-v123> <ZERO-OID> refs/tags/v123
+	remote: pre-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	remote: # proc-receive hook
+	remote: proc-receive< <COMMIT-A> <ZERO-OID> refs/heads/master
+	remote: proc-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/heads/next
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/heads/master
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/pull/123/head
+	remote: proc-receive> option old-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <ZERO-OID>
+	remote: proc-receive> ok refs/heads/next
+	remote: proc-receive> option refname refs/pull/124/head
+	remote: proc-receive> option new-oid <COMMIT-A>
+	remote: # post-receive hook
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <ZERO-OID> refs/pull/123/head
+	remote: post-receive< <COMMIT-A> <COMMIT-B> refs/heads/topic
+	remote: post-receive< <TAG-v123> <ZERO-OID> refs/tags/v123
+	remote: post-receive< <ZERO-OID> <COMMIT-A> refs/pull/124/head
+	To <URL/of/upstream.git>
+	 - [deleted] refs/pull/123/head
+	 <OID-A>..<OID-B> <COMMIT-B> -> topic
+	 - [deleted] v123
+	 * [new reference] <COMMIT-A> -> refs/pull/124/head
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C "$upstream" show-ref >out &&
+	make_user_friendly_and_stable_output <out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	<COMMIT-A> refs/heads/master
+	<COMMIT-B> refs/heads/topic
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
diff --git a/t/t5510-fetch.sh b/t/t5510-fetch.sh
index 759aec9..dbc724e 100755
--- a/t/t5510-fetch.sh
+++ b/t/t5510-fetch.sh
@@ -936,7 +936,7 @@
 		git config fetch.unpackLimit 1 &&
 		git config gc.autoPackLimit 1 &&
 		git config gc.autoDetach false &&
-		GIT_ASK_YESNO="$D/askyesno" git fetch >fetch.out 2>&1 &&
+		GIT_ASK_YESNO="$D/askyesno" git fetch --verbose >fetch.out 2>&1 &&
 		test_i18ngrep "Auto packing the repository" fetch.out &&
 		! grep "Should I try again" fetch.out
 	)
diff --git a/t/t5514-fetch-multiple.sh b/t/t5514-fetch-multiple.sh
index de8e2f1..bd202ec 100755
--- a/t/t5514-fetch-multiple.sh
+++ b/t/t5514-fetch-multiple.sh
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@
 	 GIT_TRACE=1 git fetch --multiple one two 2>trace &&
 	 git branch -r > output &&
 	 test_cmp ../expect output &&
-	 grep "built-in: git gc" trace >gc &&
+	 grep "built-in: git maintenance" trace >gc &&
 	 test_line_count = 1 gc
 	)
 '
diff --git a/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh b/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh
index 36ad20a..d11382f 100755
--- a/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh
+++ b/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh
@@ -1039,7 +1039,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'push --porcelain' '
 	mk_empty testrepo &&
 	echo >.git/foo  "To testrepo" &&
-	echo >>.git/foo "*	refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/master	[new branch]"  &&
+	echo >>.git/foo "*	refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/master	[new reference]"  &&
 	echo >>.git/foo "Done" &&
 	git push >.git/bar --porcelain  testrepo refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/master &&
 	(
diff --git a/t/t5534-push-signed.sh b/t/t5534-push-signed.sh
index 030331f..7e928af 100755
--- a/t/t5534-push-signed.sh
+++ b/t/t5534-push-signed.sh
@@ -273,4 +273,27 @@
 	test_cmp expect dst/push-cert-status
 '
 
+test_expect_success GPG 'failed atomic push does not execute GPG' '
+	prepare_dst &&
+	git -C dst config receive.certnonceseed sekrit &&
+	write_script gpg <<-EOF &&
+	# should check atomic push locally before running GPG.
+	exit 1
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail env PATH="$TRASH_DIRECTORY:$PATH" git push \
+			--signed --atomic --porcelain \
+			dst noop ff noff >out 2>&1 &&
+
+	test_i18ngrep ! "gpg failed to sign" out &&
+	sed -n -e "/^To dst/,$ p" out >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	To dst
+	=	refs/heads/noop:refs/heads/noop	[up to date]
+	!	refs/heads/ff:refs/heads/ff	[rejected] (atomic push failed)
+	!	refs/heads/noff:refs/heads/noff	[rejected] (non-fast-forward)
+	Done
+	EOF
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5601-clone.sh b/t/t5601-clone.sh
index 15fb64c..b6c8312 100755
--- a/t/t5601-clone.sh
+++ b/t/t5601-clone.sh
@@ -631,6 +631,20 @@
 	test_i18ngrep "the following paths have collided" icasefs/warning
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'clone with GIT_DEFAULT_HASH' '
+	(
+		sane_unset GIT_DEFAULT_HASH &&
+		git init --object-format=sha1 test-sha1 &&
+		git init --object-format=sha256 test-sha256
+	) &&
+	test_commit -C test-sha1 foo &&
+	test_commit -C test-sha256 foo &&
+	GIT_DEFAULT_HASH=sha1 git clone test-sha256 test-clone-sha256 &&
+	GIT_DEFAULT_HASH=sha256 git clone test-sha1 test-clone-sha1 &&
+	git -C test-clone-sha1 status &&
+	git -C test-clone-sha256 status
+'
+
 partial_clone_server () {
 	       SERVER="$1" &&
 
diff --git a/t/t7900-maintenance.sh b/t/t7900-maintenance.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..53c8835
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7900-maintenance.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git maintenance builtin'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+GIT_TEST_COMMIT_GRAPH=0
+
+test_expect_success 'help text' '
+	test_expect_code 129 git maintenance -h 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "usage: git maintenance run" err &&
+	test_expect_code 128 git maintenance barf 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "invalid subcommand: barf" err &&
+	test_expect_code 129 git maintenance 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "usage: git maintenance" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'run [--auto|--quiet]' '
+	GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/run-no-auto.txt" \
+		git maintenance run 2>/dev/null &&
+	GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/run-auto.txt" \
+		git maintenance run --auto 2>/dev/null &&
+	GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/run-no-quiet.txt" \
+		git maintenance run --no-quiet 2>/dev/null &&
+	test_subcommand git gc --quiet <run-no-auto.txt &&
+	test_subcommand ! git gc --auto --quiet <run-auto.txt &&
+	test_subcommand git gc --no-quiet <run-no-quiet.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'maintenance.<task>.enabled' '
+	git config maintenance.gc.enabled false &&
+	git config maintenance.commit-graph.enabled true &&
+	GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/run-config.txt" git maintenance run 2>err &&
+	test_subcommand ! git gc --quiet <run-config.txt &&
+	test_subcommand git commit-graph write --split --reachable --no-progress <run-config.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'run --task=<task>' '
+	GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/run-commit-graph.txt" \
+		git maintenance run --task=commit-graph 2>/dev/null &&
+	GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/run-gc.txt" \
+		git maintenance run --task=gc 2>/dev/null &&
+	GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/run-commit-graph.txt" \
+		git maintenance run --task=commit-graph 2>/dev/null &&
+	GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/run-both.txt" \
+		git maintenance run --task=commit-graph --task=gc 2>/dev/null &&
+	test_subcommand ! git gc --quiet <run-commit-graph.txt &&
+	test_subcommand git gc --quiet <run-gc.txt &&
+	test_subcommand git gc --quiet <run-both.txt &&
+	test_subcommand git commit-graph write --split --reachable --no-progress <run-commit-graph.txt &&
+	test_subcommand ! git commit-graph write --split --reachable --no-progress <run-gc.txt &&
+	test_subcommand git commit-graph write --split --reachable --no-progress <run-both.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'run --task=bogus' '
+	test_must_fail git maintenance run --task=bogus 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "is not a valid task" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'run --task duplicate' '
+	test_must_fail git maintenance run --task=gc --task=gc 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "cannot be selected multiple times" err
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9832-unshelve.sh b/t/t9832-unshelve.sh
index e9276c4..7194fb2 100755
--- a/t/t9832-unshelve.sh
+++ b/t/t9832-unshelve.sh
@@ -29,8 +29,11 @@
 	)
 '
 
+# Create an initial clone, with a commit unrelated to the P4 change
+# on HEAD
 test_expect_success 'initial clone' '
-	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot/@all
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot/@all &&
+    test_commit -C "$git" "unrelated"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'create shelved changelist' '
diff --git a/t/test-lib-functions.sh b/t/test-lib-functions.sh
index f990406..8d59b90 100644
--- a/t/test-lib-functions.sh
+++ b/t/test-lib-functions.sh
@@ -1628,3 +1628,36 @@
 	case "$("$SYSTEMROOT"/system32/attrib "$1")" in *H*?:*) return 0;; esac
 	return 1
 }
+
+# Check that the given command was invoked as part of the
+# trace2-format trace on stdin.
+#
+#	test_subcommand [!] <command> <args>... < <trace>
+#
+# For example, to look for an invocation of "git upload-pack
+# /path/to/repo"
+#
+#	GIT_TRACE2_EVENT=event.log git fetch ... &&
+#	test_subcommand git upload-pack "$PATH" <event.log
+#
+# If the first parameter passed is !, this instead checks that
+# the given command was not called.
+#
+test_subcommand () {
+	local negate=
+	if test "$1" = "!"
+	then
+		negate=t
+		shift
+	fi
+
+	local expr=$(printf '"%s",' "$@")
+	expr="${expr%,}"
+
+	if test -n "$negate"
+	then
+		! grep "\[$expr\]"
+	else
+		grep "\[$expr\]"
+	fi
+}
diff --git a/templates/hooks--pre-push.sample b/templates/hooks--pre-push.sample
index 6187dbf..4ce688d 100755
--- a/templates/hooks--pre-push.sample
+++ b/templates/hooks--pre-push.sample
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 # Information about the commits which are being pushed is supplied as lines to
 # the standard input in the form:
 #
-#   <local ref> <local sha1> <remote ref> <remote sha1>
+#   <local ref> <local oid> <remote ref> <remote oid>
 #
 # This sample shows how to prevent push of commits where the log message starts
 # with "WIP" (work in progress).
@@ -22,27 +22,27 @@
 remote="$1"
 url="$2"
 
-z40=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+zero=$(git hash-object --stdin </dev/null | tr '[0-9a-f]' '0')
 
-while read local_ref local_sha remote_ref remote_sha
+while read local_ref local_oid remote_ref remote_oid
 do
-	if [ "$local_sha" = $z40 ]
+	if test "$local_oid" = "$zero"
 	then
 		# Handle delete
 		:
 	else
-		if [ "$remote_sha" = $z40 ]
+		if test "$remote_oid" = "$zero"
 		then
 			# New branch, examine all commits
-			range="$local_sha"
+			range="$local_oid"
 		else
 			# Update to existing branch, examine new commits
-			range="$remote_sha..$local_sha"
+			range="$remote_oid..$local_oid"
 		fi
 
 		# Check for WIP commit
-		commit=`git rev-list -n 1 --grep '^WIP' "$range"`
-		if [ -n "$commit" ]
+		commit=$(git rev-list -n 1 --grep '^WIP' "$range")
+		if test -n "$commit"
 		then
 			echo >&2 "Found WIP commit in $local_ref, not pushing"
 			exit 1
diff --git a/templates/hooks--update.sample b/templates/hooks--update.sample
index 5014c4b..c4d426b 100755
--- a/templates/hooks--update.sample
+++ b/templates/hooks--update.sample
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
 
 # --- Check types
 # if $newrev is 0000...0000, it's a commit to delete a ref.
-zero="0000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
+zero=$(git hash-object --stdin </dev/null | tr '[0-9a-f]' '0')
 if [ "$newrev" = "$zero" ]; then
 	newrev_type=delete
 else
diff --git a/transport-helper.c b/transport-helper.c
index c52c99d..b573b6c 100644
--- a/transport-helper.c
+++ b/transport-helper.c
@@ -723,13 +723,61 @@
 	return -1;
 }
 
+struct push_update_ref_state {
+	struct ref *hint;
+	struct ref_push_report *report;
+	int new_report;
+};
+
 static int push_update_ref_status(struct strbuf *buf,
-				   struct ref **ref,
+				   struct push_update_ref_state *state,
 				   struct ref *remote_refs)
 {
 	char *refname, *msg;
 	int status, forced = 0;
 
+	if (starts_with(buf->buf, "option ")) {
+		struct object_id old_oid, new_oid;
+		const char *key, *val;
+		char *p;
+
+		if (!state->hint || !(state->report || state->new_report))
+			die(_("'option' without a matching 'ok/error' directive"));
+		if (state->new_report) {
+			if (!state->hint->report) {
+				state->hint->report = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct ref_push_report));
+				state->report = state->hint->report;
+			} else {
+				state->report = state->hint->report;
+				while (state->report->next)
+					state->report = state->report->next;
+				state->report->next = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct ref_push_report));
+				state->report = state->report->next;
+			}
+			state->new_report = 0;
+		}
+		key = buf->buf + 7;
+		p = strchr(key, ' ');
+		if (p)
+			*p++ = '\0';
+		val = p;
+		if (!strcmp(key, "refname"))
+			state->report->ref_name = xstrdup_or_null(val);
+		else if (!strcmp(key, "old-oid") && val &&
+			 !parse_oid_hex(val, &old_oid, &val))
+			state->report->old_oid = oiddup(&old_oid);
+		else if (!strcmp(key, "new-oid") && val &&
+			 !parse_oid_hex(val, &new_oid, &val))
+			state->report->new_oid = oiddup(&new_oid);
+		else if (!strcmp(key, "forced-update"))
+			state->report->forced_update = 1;
+		/* Not update remote namespace again. */
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	state->report = NULL;
+	state->new_report = 0;
+
 	if (starts_with(buf->buf, "ok ")) {
 		status = REF_STATUS_OK;
 		refname = buf->buf + 3;
@@ -785,16 +833,16 @@
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (*ref)
-		*ref = find_ref_by_name(*ref, refname);
-	if (!*ref)
-		*ref = find_ref_by_name(remote_refs, refname);
-	if (!*ref) {
+	if (state->hint)
+		state->hint = find_ref_by_name(state->hint, refname);
+	if (!state->hint)
+		state->hint = find_ref_by_name(remote_refs, refname);
+	if (!state->hint) {
 		warning(_("helper reported unexpected status of %s"), refname);
 		return 1;
 	}
 
-	if ((*ref)->status != REF_STATUS_NONE) {
+	if (state->hint->status != REF_STATUS_NONE) {
 		/*
 		 * Earlier, the ref was marked not to be pushed, so ignore the ref
 		 * status reported by the remote helper if the latter is 'no match'.
@@ -803,9 +851,11 @@
 			return 1;
 	}
 
-	(*ref)->status = status;
-	(*ref)->forced_update |= forced;
-	(*ref)->remote_status = msg;
+	if (status == REF_STATUS_OK)
+		state->new_report = 1;
+	state->hint->status = status;
+	state->hint->forced_update |= forced;
+	state->hint->remote_status = msg;
 	return !(status == REF_STATUS_OK);
 }
 
@@ -813,37 +863,57 @@
 				    struct ref *remote_refs,
 				    int flags)
 {
+	struct ref *ref;
+	struct ref_push_report *report;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct ref *ref = remote_refs;
-	int ret = 0;
+	struct push_update_ref_state state = { remote_refs, NULL, 0 };
 
 	for (;;) {
-		char *private;
-
 		if (recvline(data, &buf)) {
-			ret = 1;
-			break;
+			strbuf_release(&buf);
+			return 1;
 		}
-
 		if (!buf.len)
 			break;
-
-		if (push_update_ref_status(&buf, &ref, remote_refs))
-			continue;
-
-		if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN || !data->rs.nr || data->no_private_update)
-			continue;
-
-		/* propagate back the update to the remote namespace */
-		private = apply_refspecs(&data->rs, ref->name);
-		if (!private)
-			continue;
-		update_ref("update by helper", private, &ref->new_oid, NULL,
-			   0, 0);
-		free(private);
+		push_update_ref_status(&buf, &state, remote_refs);
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
-	return ret;
+
+	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN || !data->rs.nr || data->no_private_update)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* propagate back the update to the remote namespace */
+	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		char *private;
+
+		if (ref->status != REF_STATUS_OK)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!ref->report) {
+			private = apply_refspecs(&data->rs, ref->name);
+			if (!private)
+				continue;
+			update_ref("update by helper", private, &(ref->new_oid),
+				   NULL, 0, 0);
+			free(private);
+		} else {
+			for (report = ref->report; report; report = report->next) {
+				private = apply_refspecs(&data->rs,
+							 report->ref_name
+							 ? report->ref_name
+							 : ref->name);
+				if (!private)
+					continue;
+				update_ref("update by helper", private,
+					   report->new_oid
+					   ? report->new_oid
+					   : &(ref->new_oid),
+					   NULL, 0, 0);
+				free(private);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static void set_common_push_options(struct transport *transport,
diff --git a/transport.c b/transport.c
index 43e24bf..ffe2115 100644
--- a/transport.c
+++ b/transport.c
@@ -432,38 +432,67 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void transport_update_tracking_ref(struct remote *remote, struct ref *ref, int verbose)
+static void update_one_tracking_ref(struct remote *remote, char *refname,
+				    struct object_id *new_oid, int deletion,
+				    int verbose)
 {
 	struct refspec_item rs;
 
-	if (ref->status != REF_STATUS_OK && ref->status != REF_STATUS_UPTODATE)
-		return;
-
 	memset(&rs, 0, sizeof(rs));
-	rs.src = ref->name;
+	rs.src = refname;
 	rs.dst = NULL;
 
 	if (!remote_find_tracking(remote, &rs)) {
 		if (verbose)
 			fprintf(stderr, "updating local tracking ref '%s'\n", rs.dst);
-		if (ref->deletion) {
+		if (deletion)
 			delete_ref(NULL, rs.dst, NULL, 0);
-		} else
-			update_ref("update by push", rs.dst, &ref->new_oid,
+		else
+			update_ref("update by push", rs.dst, new_oid,
 				   NULL, 0, 0);
 		free(rs.dst);
 	}
 }
 
+void transport_update_tracking_ref(struct remote *remote, struct ref *ref, int verbose)
+{
+	char *refname;
+	struct object_id *new_oid;
+	struct ref_push_report *report;
+
+	if (ref->status != REF_STATUS_OK && ref->status != REF_STATUS_UPTODATE)
+		return;
+
+	report = ref->report;
+	if (!report)
+		update_one_tracking_ref(remote, ref->name, &ref->new_oid,
+					ref->deletion, verbose);
+	else
+		for (; report; report = report->next) {
+			refname = report->ref_name ? (char *)report->ref_name : ref->name;
+			new_oid = report->new_oid ? report->new_oid : &ref->new_oid;
+			update_one_tracking_ref(remote, refname, new_oid,
+						is_null_oid(new_oid), verbose);
+		}
+}
+
 static void print_ref_status(char flag, const char *summary,
 			     struct ref *to, struct ref *from, const char *msg,
+			     struct ref_push_report *report,
 			     int porcelain, int summary_width)
 {
+	const char *to_name;
+
+	if (report && report->ref_name)
+		to_name = report->ref_name;
+	else
+		to_name = to->name;
+
 	if (porcelain) {
 		if (from)
-			fprintf(stdout, "%c\t%s:%s\t", flag, from->name, to->name);
+			fprintf(stdout, "%c\t%s:%s\t", flag, from->name, to_name);
 		else
-			fprintf(stdout, "%c\t:%s\t", flag, to->name);
+			fprintf(stdout, "%c\t:%s\t", flag, to_name);
 		if (msg)
 			fprintf(stdout, "%s (%s)\n", summary, msg);
 		else
@@ -477,9 +506,11 @@
 		fprintf(stderr, " %s%c %-*s%s ", red, flag, summary_width,
 			summary, reset);
 		if (from)
-			fprintf(stderr, "%s -> %s", prettify_refname(from->name), prettify_refname(to->name));
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s -> %s",
+				prettify_refname(from->name),
+				prettify_refname(to_name));
 		else
-			fputs(prettify_refname(to->name), stderr);
+			fputs(prettify_refname(to_name), stderr);
 		if (msg) {
 			fputs(" (", stderr);
 			fputs(msg, stderr);
@@ -489,24 +520,52 @@
 	}
 }
 
-static void print_ok_ref_status(struct ref *ref, int porcelain, int summary_width)
+static void print_ok_ref_status(struct ref *ref,
+				struct ref_push_report *report,
+				int porcelain, int summary_width)
 {
+	struct object_id *old_oid;
+	struct object_id *new_oid;
+	const char *ref_name;
+	int forced_update;
+
+	if (report && report->old_oid)
+		old_oid = report->old_oid;
+	else
+		old_oid = &ref->old_oid;
+	if (report && report->new_oid)
+		new_oid = report->new_oid;
+	else
+		new_oid = &ref->new_oid;
+	if (report && report->forced_update)
+		forced_update = report->forced_update;
+	else
+		forced_update = ref->forced_update;
+	if (report && report->ref_name)
+		ref_name = report->ref_name;
+	else
+		ref_name = ref->name;
+
 	if (ref->deletion)
 		print_ref_status('-', "[deleted]", ref, NULL, NULL,
-				 porcelain, summary_width);
-	else if (is_null_oid(&ref->old_oid))
+				 report, porcelain, summary_width);
+	else if (is_null_oid(old_oid))
 		print_ref_status('*',
-			(starts_with(ref->name, "refs/tags/") ? "[new tag]" :
-			"[new branch]"),
-			ref, ref->peer_ref, NULL, porcelain, summary_width);
+				 (starts_with(ref_name, "refs/tags/")
+				  ? "[new tag]"
+				  : (starts_with(ref_name, "refs/heads/")
+				     ? "[new branch]"
+				     : "[new reference]")),
+				 ref, ref->peer_ref, NULL,
+				 report, porcelain, summary_width);
 	else {
 		struct strbuf quickref = STRBUF_INIT;
 		char type;
 		const char *msg;
 
-		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&quickref, &ref->old_oid,
+		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&quickref, old_oid,
 					 DEFAULT_ABBREV);
-		if (ref->forced_update) {
+		if (forced_update) {
 			strbuf_addstr(&quickref, "...");
 			type = '+';
 			msg = "forced update";
@@ -515,16 +574,17 @@
 			type = ' ';
 			msg = NULL;
 		}
-		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&quickref, &ref->new_oid,
+		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&quickref, new_oid,
 					 DEFAULT_ABBREV);
 
 		print_ref_status(type, quickref.buf, ref, ref->peer_ref, msg,
-				 porcelain, summary_width);
+				 report, porcelain, summary_width);
 		strbuf_release(&quickref);
 	}
 }
 
-static int print_one_push_status(struct ref *ref, const char *dest, int count,
+static int print_one_push_report(struct ref *ref, const char *dest, int count,
+				 struct ref_push_report *report,
 				 int porcelain, int summary_width)
 {
 	if (!count) {
@@ -536,65 +596,89 @@
 	switch(ref->status) {
 	case REF_STATUS_NONE:
 		print_ref_status('X', "[no match]", ref, NULL, NULL,
-				 porcelain, summary_width);
+				 report, porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NODELETE:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, NULL,
 				 "remote does not support deleting refs",
-				 porcelain, summary_width);
+				 report, porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_UPTODATE:
 		print_ref_status('=', "[up to date]", ref,
-				 ref->peer_ref, NULL, porcelain, summary_width);
+				 ref->peer_ref, NULL,
+				 report, porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
-				 "non-fast-forward", porcelain, summary_width);
+				 "non-fast-forward",
+				 report, porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
-				 "already exists", porcelain, summary_width);
+				 "already exists",
+				 report, porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_FETCH_FIRST:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
-				 "fetch first", porcelain, summary_width);
+				 "fetch first",
+				 report, porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
-				 "needs force", porcelain, summary_width);
+				 "needs force",
+				 report, porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_STALE:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
-				 "stale info", porcelain, summary_width);
+				 "stale info",
+				 report, porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_SHALLOW:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
 				 "new shallow roots not allowed",
-				 porcelain, summary_width);
+				 report, porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_REMOTE_REJECT:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[remote rejected]", ref,
 				 ref->deletion ? NULL : ref->peer_ref,
-				 ref->remote_status, porcelain, summary_width);
+				 ref->remote_status,
+				 report, porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_EXPECTING_REPORT:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[remote failure]", ref,
 				 ref->deletion ? NULL : ref->peer_ref,
 				 "remote failed to report status",
-				 porcelain, summary_width);
+				 report, porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_ATOMIC_PUSH_FAILED:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
-				 "atomic push failed", porcelain, summary_width);
+				 "atomic push failed",
+				 report, porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_OK:
-		print_ok_ref_status(ref, porcelain, summary_width);
+		print_ok_ref_status(ref, report, porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	}
 
 	return 1;
 }
 
+static int print_one_push_status(struct ref *ref, const char *dest, int count,
+				 int porcelain, int summary_width)
+{
+	struct ref_push_report *report;
+	int n = 0;
+
+	if (!ref->report)
+		return print_one_push_report(ref, dest, count,
+					     NULL, porcelain, summary_width);
+
+	for (report = ref->report; report; report = report->next)
+		print_one_push_report(ref, dest, count + n++,
+				      report, porcelain, summary_width);
+	return n;
+}
+
 static int measure_abbrev(const struct object_id *oid, int sofar)
 {
 	char hex[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1];
diff --git a/tree-diff.c b/tree-diff.c
index 6ebad1a..7cebbb3 100644
--- a/tree-diff.c
+++ b/tree-diff.c
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@
 		if (diff_can_quit_early(opt))
 			break;
 
-		if (opt->max_changes && opt->num_changes > opt->max_changes)
+		if (opt->max_changes && diff_queued_diff.nr > opt->max_changes)
 			break;
 
 		if (opt->pathspec.nr) {
@@ -521,7 +521,6 @@
 
 			/* t↓ */
 			update_tree_entry(&t);
-			opt->num_changes++;
 		}
 
 		/* t > p[imin] */
@@ -539,7 +538,6 @@
 		skip_emit_tp:
 			/* ∀ pi=p[imin]  pi↓ */
 			update_tp_entries(tp, nparent);
-			opt->num_changes++;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -557,7 +555,6 @@
 	const struct object_id **parents_oid, int nparent,
 	struct strbuf *base, struct diff_options *opt)
 {
-	opt->num_changes = 0;
 	p = ll_diff_tree_paths(p, oid, parents_oid, nparent, base, opt);
 
 	/*