diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.22.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.22.1.txt
index 78b2c5e..76dd8fb 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.22.1.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.22.1.txt
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@
 
  * The configuration variable rebase.rescheduleFailedExec should be
    effective only while running an interactive rebase and should not
-   affect anything when running an non-interactive one, which was not
+   affect anything when running a non-interactive one, which was not
    the case.  This has been corrected.
 
  * "git submodule foreach" did not protect command line options passed
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.23.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.23.0.txt
index 19e894a..e1b1ce5 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.23.0.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.23.0.txt
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 
  * "git fetch" and "git pull" reports when a fetch results in
    non-fast-forward updates to let the user notice unusual situation.
-   The commands learned "--no-shown-forced-updates" option to disable
+   The commands learned "--no-show-forced-updates" option to disable
    this safety feature.
 
  * Two new commands "git switch" and "git restore" are introduced to
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@
  * The conditional inclusion mechanism learned to base the choice on
    the branch the HEAD currently is on.
 
- * "git rev-list --objects" learned with "--no-object-names" option to
+ * "git rev-list --objects" learned the "--no-object-names" option to
    squelch the path to the object that is used as a grouping hint for
    pack-objects.
 
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
    no longer be used.
 
  * Developer support to emulate unsatisfied prerequisites in tests to
-   ensure that the remainer of the tests still succeeds when tests
+   ensure that the remainder of the tests still succeeds when tests
    with prerequisites are skipped.
 
  * "git update-server-info" learned not to rewrite the file with the
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@
  * Prepare use of reachability index in topological walker that works
    on a range (A..B).
 
- * A new tutorial targetting specifically aspiring git-core
+ * A new tutorial targeting specifically aspiring git-core
    developers has been added.
 
  * Auto-detect how to tell HP-UX aCC where to use dynamically linked
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@
    the same repository was corrupt, which has been corrected.
 
  * The ownership rule for the file descriptor to fast-import remote
-   backend was mixed up, leading to unrelated file descriptor getting
+   backend was mixed up, leading to an unrelated file descriptor getting
    closed, which has been fixed.
 
  * A "merge -c" instruction during "git rebase --rebase-merges" should
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@
 
  * The configuration variable rebase.rescheduleFailedExec should be
    effective only while running an interactive rebase and should not
-   affect anything when running an non-interactive one, which was not
+   affect anything when running a non-interactive one, which was not
    the case.  This has been corrected.
 
  * The "git clone" documentation refers to command line options in its
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@
    having to consult the other end, which has been corrected.
 
  * The internal diff machinery can be made to read out of bounds while
-   looking for --funcion-context line in a corner case, which has been
+   looking for --function-context line in a corner case, which has been
    corrected.
    (merge b777f3fd61 jk/xdiff-clamp-funcname-context-index later to maint).
 
diff --git a/builtin/pack-objects.c b/builtin/pack-objects.c
index 267c562..76ce906 100644
--- a/builtin/pack-objects.c
+++ b/builtin/pack-objects.c
@@ -96,7 +96,11 @@
 
 static int use_bitmap_index_default = 1;
 static int use_bitmap_index = -1;
-static int write_bitmap_index;
+static enum {
+	WRITE_BITMAP_FALSE = 0,
+	WRITE_BITMAP_QUIET,
+	WRITE_BITMAP_TRUE,
+} write_bitmap_index;
 static uint16_t write_bitmap_options = BITMAP_OPT_HASH_CACHE;
 
 static int exclude_promisor_objects;
@@ -892,7 +896,8 @@
 						 nr_written, oid.hash, offset);
 			close(fd);
 			if (write_bitmap_index) {
-				warning(_(no_split_warning));
+				if (write_bitmap_index != WRITE_BITMAP_QUIET)
+					warning(_(no_split_warning));
 				write_bitmap_index = 0;
 			}
 		}
@@ -1176,7 +1181,8 @@
 	if (!want_object_in_pack(oid, exclude, &found_pack, &found_offset)) {
 		/* The pack is missing an object, so it will not have closure */
 		if (write_bitmap_index) {
-			warning(_(no_closure_warning));
+			if (write_bitmap_index != WRITE_BITMAP_QUIET)
+				warning(_(no_closure_warning));
 			write_bitmap_index = 0;
 		}
 		return 0;
@@ -3313,8 +3319,13 @@
 			    N_("do not hide commits by grafts"), 0),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "use-bitmap-index", &use_bitmap_index,
 			 N_("use a bitmap index if available to speed up counting objects")),
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "write-bitmap-index", &write_bitmap_index,
-			 N_("write a bitmap index together with the pack index")),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "write-bitmap-index", &write_bitmap_index,
+			    N_("write a bitmap index together with the pack index"),
+			    WRITE_BITMAP_TRUE),
+		OPT_SET_INT_F(0, "write-bitmap-index-quiet",
+			      &write_bitmap_index,
+			      N_("write a bitmap index if possible"),
+			      WRITE_BITMAP_QUIET, PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN),
 		OPT_PARSE_LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER(&filter_options),
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "missing", NULL, N_("action"),
 		  N_("handling for missing objects"), PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
diff --git a/builtin/repack.c b/builtin/repack.c
index 30982ed..632c0c0 100644
--- a/builtin/repack.c
+++ b/builtin/repack.c
@@ -89,17 +89,6 @@
 	raise(signo);
 }
 
-static int has_pack_keep_file(void)
-{
-	struct packed_git *p;
-
-	for (p = get_all_packs(the_repository); p; p = p->next) {
-		if (p->pack_keep)
-			return 1;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
 /*
  * Adds all packs hex strings to the fname list, which do not
  * have a corresponding .keep file. These packs are not to
@@ -345,13 +334,12 @@
 		die(_("--keep-unreachable and -A are incompatible"));
 
 	if (write_bitmaps < 0) {
-		write_bitmaps = (pack_everything & ALL_INTO_ONE) &&
-				 is_bare_repository() &&
-				 keep_pack_list.nr == 0 &&
-				 !has_pack_keep_file();
+		if (!(pack_everything & ALL_INTO_ONE) ||
+		    !is_bare_repository())
+			write_bitmaps = 0;
 	}
 	if (pack_kept_objects < 0)
-		pack_kept_objects = write_bitmaps;
+		pack_kept_objects = write_bitmaps > 0;
 
 	if (write_bitmaps && !(pack_everything & ALL_INTO_ONE))
 		die(_(incremental_bitmap_conflict_error));
@@ -375,8 +363,10 @@
 	argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--indexed-objects");
 	if (repository_format_partial_clone)
 		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--exclude-promisor-objects");
-	if (write_bitmaps)
+	if (write_bitmaps > 0)
 		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--write-bitmap-index");
+	else if (write_bitmaps < 0)
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--write-bitmap-index-quiet");
 	if (use_delta_islands)
 		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--delta-islands");
 
diff --git a/t/helper/test-dir-iterator.c b/t/helper/test-dir-iterator.c
index a5b96cb..c7c3066 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-dir-iterator.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-dir-iterator.c
@@ -4,6 +4,15 @@
 #include "iterator.h"
 #include "dir-iterator.h"
 
+static const char *error_name(int error_number)
+{
+	switch (error_number) {
+	case ENOENT: return "ENOENT";
+	case ENOTDIR: return "ENOTDIR";
+	default: return "ESOMETHINGELSE";
+	}
+}
+
 /*
  * usage:
  * tool-test dir-iterator [--follow-symlinks] [--pedantic] directory_path
@@ -31,7 +40,7 @@
 	diter = dir_iterator_begin(path.buf, flags);
 
 	if (!diter) {
-		printf("dir_iterator_begin failure: %d\n", errno);
+		printf("dir_iterator_begin failure: %s\n", error_name(errno));
 		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 	}
 
diff --git a/t/t0011-hashmap.sh b/t/t0011-hashmap.sh
index 9c96b3e..5343ffd 100755
--- a/t/t0011-hashmap.sh
+++ b/t/t0011-hashmap.sh
@@ -170,31 +170,45 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'iterate' '
+	test-tool hashmap >actual.raw <<-\EOF &&
+	put key1 value1
+	put key2 value2
+	put fooBarFrotz value3
+	iterate
+	EOF
 
-test_hashmap "put key1 value1
-put key2 value2
-put fooBarFrotz value3
-iterate" "NULL
-NULL
-NULL
-key2 value2
-key1 value1
-fooBarFrotz value3"
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	NULL
+	NULL
+	NULL
+	fooBarFrotz value3
+	key1 value1
+	key2 value2
+	EOF
 
+	sort <actual.raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'iterate (case insensitive)' '
+	test-tool hashmap ignorecase >actual.raw <<-\EOF &&
+	put key1 value1
+	put key2 value2
+	put fooBarFrotz value3
+	iterate
+	EOF
 
-test_hashmap "put key1 value1
-put key2 value2
-put fooBarFrotz value3
-iterate" "NULL
-NULL
-NULL
-fooBarFrotz value3
-key2 value2
-key1 value1" ignorecase
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	NULL
+	NULL
+	NULL
+	fooBarFrotz value3
+	key1 value1
+	key2 value2
+	EOF
 
+	sort <actual.raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'grow / shrink' '
diff --git a/t/t0016-oidmap.sh b/t/t0016-oidmap.sh
index bbe719e..31f8276 100755
--- a/t/t0016-oidmap.sh
+++ b/t/t0016-oidmap.sh
@@ -86,17 +86,25 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'iterate' '
+	test-tool oidmap >actual.raw <<-\EOF &&
+	put one 1
+	put two 2
+	put three 3
+	iterate
+	EOF
 
-test_oidmap "put one 1
-put two 2
-put three 3
-iterate" "NULL
-NULL
-NULL
-$(git rev-parse two) 2
-$(git rev-parse one) 1
-$(git rev-parse three) 3"
+	# sort "expect" too so we do not rely on the order of particular oids
+	sort >expect <<-EOF &&
+	NULL
+	NULL
+	NULL
+	$(git rev-parse one) 1
+	$(git rev-parse two) 2
+	$(git rev-parse three) 3
+	EOF
 
+	sort <actual.raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0027-auto-crlf.sh b/t/t0027-auto-crlf.sh
index 3587e45..959b6da 100755
--- a/t/t0027-auto-crlf.sh
+++ b/t/t0027-auto-crlf.sh
@@ -15,8 +15,10 @@
 	pfx=$1
 	exp=$2.expect
 	act=$pfx.actual.$3
-	tr '\015\000abcdef0123456789' QN00000000000000000 <"$2" >"$exp" &&
-	tr '\015\000abcdef0123456789' QN00000000000000000 <"$3" >"$act" &&
+	tr '\015\000abcdef0123456789' QN00000000000000000 <"$2" |
+		sed -e "s/0000*/$ZERO_OID/" >"$exp" &&
+	tr '\015\000abcdef0123456789' QN00000000000000000 <"$3" |
+		sed -e "s/0000*/$ZERO_OID/" >"$act" &&
 	test_cmp "$exp" "$act" &&
 	rm "$exp" "$act"
 }
diff --git a/t/t0066-dir-iterator.sh b/t/t0066-dir-iterator.sh
index 9354d3f..92910e4 100755
--- a/t/t0066-dir-iterator.sh
+++ b/t/t0066-dir-iterator.sh
@@ -55,13 +55,13 @@
 test_expect_success 'begin should fail upon inexistent paths' '
 	test_must_fail test-tool dir-iterator ./inexistent-path \
 		>actual-inexistent-path-output &&
-	echo "dir_iterator_begin failure: 2" >expected-inexistent-path-output &&
+	echo "dir_iterator_begin failure: ENOENT" >expected-inexistent-path-output &&
 	test_cmp expected-inexistent-path-output actual-inexistent-path-output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'begin should fail upon non directory paths' '
 	test_must_fail test-tool dir-iterator ./dir/b >actual-non-dir-output &&
-	echo "dir_iterator_begin failure: 20" >expected-non-dir-output &&
+	echo "dir_iterator_begin failure: ENOTDIR" >expected-non-dir-output &&
 	test_cmp expected-non-dir-output actual-non-dir-output
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t0090-cache-tree.sh b/t/t0090-cache-tree.sh
index 504334e..ce9a4a5 100755
--- a/t/t0090-cache-tree.sh
+++ b/t/t0090-cache-tree.sh
@@ -162,8 +162,8 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'commit -p with shrinking cache-tree' '
-	mkdir -p deep/subdir &&
-	echo content >deep/subdir/file &&
+	mkdir -p deep/very-long-subdir &&
+	echo content >deep/very-long-subdir/file &&
 	git add deep &&
 	git commit -m add &&
 	git rm -r deep &&
diff --git a/t/t1007-hash-object.sh b/t/t1007-hash-object.sh
index 7099d33..64b340f 100755
--- a/t/t1007-hash-object.sh
+++ b/t/t1007-hash-object.sh
@@ -9,22 +9,19 @@
 }
 
 test_blob_does_not_exist() {
-	test_expect_success SHA1 'blob does not exist in database' "
+	test_expect_success 'blob does not exist in database' "
 		test_must_fail git cat-file blob $1
 	"
 }
 
 test_blob_exists() {
-	test_expect_success SHA1 'blob exists in database' "
+	test_expect_success 'blob exists in database' "
 		git cat-file blob $1
 	"
 }
 
 hello_content="Hello World"
-hello_sha1=5e1c309dae7f45e0f39b1bf3ac3cd9db12e7d689
-
 example_content="This is an example"
-example_sha1=ddd3f836d3e3fbb7ae289aa9ae83536f76956399
 
 setup_repo() {
 	echo_without_newline "$hello_content" > hello
@@ -44,7 +41,16 @@
 	rm -rf $test_repo
 }
 
-setup_repo
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	setup_repo &&
+	test_oid_cache <<-EOF
+	hello sha1:5e1c309dae7f45e0f39b1bf3ac3cd9db12e7d689
+	hello sha256:1e3b6c04d2eeb2b3e45c8a330445404c0b7cc7b257e2b097167d26f5230090c4
+
+	example sha1:ddd3f836d3e3fbb7ae289aa9ae83536f76956399
+	example sha256:b44fe1fe65589848253737db859bd490453510719d7424daab03daf0767b85ae
+	EOF
+'
 
 # Argument checking
 
@@ -73,23 +79,23 @@
 
 push_repo
 
-test_expect_success SHA1 'hash a file' '
-	test $hello_sha1 = $(git hash-object hello)
+test_expect_success 'hash a file' '
+	test "$(test_oid hello)" = $(git hash-object hello)
 '
 
-test_blob_does_not_exist $hello_sha1
+test_blob_does_not_exist "$(test_oid hello)"
 
-test_expect_success SHA1 'hash from stdin' '
-	test $example_sha1 = $(git hash-object --stdin < example)
+test_expect_success 'hash from stdin' '
+	test "$(test_oid example)" = $(git hash-object --stdin < example)
 '
 
-test_blob_does_not_exist $example_sha1
+test_blob_does_not_exist "$(test_oid example)"
 
-test_expect_success SHA1 'hash a file and write to database' '
-	test $hello_sha1 = $(git hash-object -w hello)
+test_expect_success 'hash a file and write to database' '
+	test "$(test_oid hello)" = $(git hash-object -w hello)
 '
 
-test_blob_exists $hello_sha1
+test_blob_exists "$(test_oid hello)"
 
 test_expect_success 'git hash-object --stdin file1 <file0 first operates on file0, then file1' '
 	echo foo > file1 &&
@@ -161,11 +167,11 @@
 for args in "-w --stdin" "--stdin -w"; do
 	push_repo
 
-	test_expect_success SHA1 "hash from stdin and write to database ($args)" '
-		test $example_sha1 = $(git hash-object $args < example)
+	test_expect_success "hash from stdin and write to database ($args)" '
+		test "$(test_oid example)" = $(git hash-object $args < example)
 	'
 
-	test_blob_exists $example_sha1
+	test_blob_exists "$(test_oid example)"
 
 	pop_repo
 done
@@ -173,22 +179,22 @@
 filenames="hello
 example"
 
-sha1s="$hello_sha1
-$example_sha1"
+oids="$(test_oid hello)
+$(test_oid example)"
 
-test_expect_success SHA1 "hash two files with names on stdin" '
-	test "$sha1s" = "$(echo_without_newline "$filenames" | git hash-object --stdin-paths)"
+test_expect_success "hash two files with names on stdin" '
+	test "$oids" = "$(echo_without_newline "$filenames" | git hash-object --stdin-paths)"
 '
 
 for args in "-w --stdin-paths" "--stdin-paths -w"; do
 	push_repo
 
-	test_expect_success SHA1 "hash two files with names on stdin and write to database ($args)" '
-		test "$sha1s" = "$(echo_without_newline "$filenames" | git hash-object $args)"
+	test_expect_success "hash two files with names on stdin and write to database ($args)" '
+		test "$oids" = "$(echo_without_newline "$filenames" | git hash-object $args)"
 	'
 
-	test_blob_exists $hello_sha1
-	test_blob_exists $example_sha1
+	test_blob_exists "$(test_oid hello)"
+	test_blob_exists "$(test_oid example)"
 
 	pop_repo
 done
diff --git a/t/t1410-reflog.sh b/t/t1410-reflog.sh
index 79f731d..82950c0 100755
--- a/t/t1410-reflog.sh
+++ b/t/t1410-reflog.sh
@@ -30,14 +30,13 @@
 }
 
 corrupt () {
-	aa=${1%??????????????????????????????????????} zz=${1#??}
-	mv .git/objects/$aa/$zz .git/$aa$zz
+	mv .git/objects/$(test_oid_to_path $1) .git/$1
 }
 
 recover () {
-	aa=${1%??????????????????????????????????????} zz=${1#??}
+	aa=$(echo $1 | cut -c 1-2)
 	mkdir -p .git/objects/$aa
-	mv .git/$aa$zz .git/objects/$aa/$zz
+	mv .git/$1 .git/objects/$(test_oid_to_path $1)
 }
 
 check_dont_have () {
@@ -55,6 +54,7 @@
 }
 
 test_expect_success setup '
+	test_oid_init &&
 	mkdir -p A/B &&
 	echo rat >C &&
 	echo ox >A/D &&
@@ -313,12 +313,12 @@
 # Each line is 114 characters, so we need 75 to still have a few before the
 # last 8K. The 89-character padding on the final entry lines up our
 # newline exactly.
-test_expect_success 'parsing reverse reflogs at BUFSIZ boundaries' '
+test_expect_success SHA1 'parsing reverse reflogs at BUFSIZ boundaries' '
 	git checkout -b reflogskip &&
-	z38=00000000000000000000000000000000000000 &&
+	zf=$(test_oid zero_2) &&
 	ident="abc <xyz> 0000000001 +0000" &&
 	for i in $(test_seq 1 75); do
-		printf "$z38%02d $z38%02d %s\t" $i $(($i+1)) "$ident" &&
+		printf "$zf%02d $zf%02d %s\t" $i $(($i+1)) "$ident" &&
 		if test $i = 75; then
 			for j in $(test_seq 1 89); do
 				printf X
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@
 		printf "\n"
 	done >.git/logs/refs/heads/reflogskip &&
 	git rev-parse reflogskip@{73} >actual &&
-	echo ${z38}03 >expect &&
+	echo ${zf}03 >expect &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t1450-fsck.sh b/t/t1450-fsck.sh
index 0f268a3..b36e052 100755
--- a/t/t1450-fsck.sh
+++ b/t/t1450-fsck.sh
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success setup '
+	test_oid_init &&
 	git config gc.auto 0 &&
 	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
 	test_commit A fileA one &&
@@ -54,8 +55,8 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'object with bad sha1' '
 	sha=$(echo blob | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
-	old=$(echo $sha | sed "s+^..+&/+") &&
-	new=$(dirname $old)/ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff &&
+	old=$(test_oid_to_path "$sha") &&
+	new=$(dirname $old)/$(test_oid ff_2) &&
 	sha="$(dirname $new)$(basename $new)" &&
 	mv .git/objects/$old .git/objects/$new &&
 	test_when_finished "remove_object $sha" &&
@@ -84,7 +85,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'HEAD link pointing at a funny object' '
 	test_when_finished "mv .git/SAVED_HEAD .git/HEAD" &&
 	mv .git/HEAD .git/SAVED_HEAD &&
-	echo 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 >.git/HEAD &&
+	echo $ZERO_OID >.git/HEAD &&
 	# avoid corrupt/broken HEAD from interfering with repo discovery
 	test_must_fail env GIT_DIR=.git git fsck 2>out &&
 	cat out &&
@@ -244,10 +245,16 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'unparseable tree object' '
+	test_oid_cache <<-\EOF &&
+	junk sha1:twenty-bytes-of-junk
+	junk sha256:twenty-bytes-of-junk-twelve-more
+	EOF
+
 	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d refs/heads/wrong" &&
 	test_when_finished "remove_object \$tree_sha1" &&
 	test_when_finished "remove_object \$commit_sha1" &&
-	tree_sha1=$(printf "100644 \0twenty-bytes-of-junk" | git hash-object -t tree --stdin -w --literally) &&
+	junk=$(test_oid junk) &&
+	tree_sha1=$(printf "100644 \0$junk" | git hash-object -t tree --stdin -w --literally) &&
 	commit_sha1=$(git commit-tree $tree_sha1) &&
 	git update-ref refs/heads/wrong $commit_sha1 &&
 	test_must_fail git fsck 2>out &&
@@ -275,8 +282,9 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'tag pointing to nonexistent' '
-	cat >invalid-tag <<-\EOF &&
-	object ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
+	badoid=$(test_oid deadbeef) &&
+	cat >invalid-tag <<-EOF &&
+	object $badoid
 	type commit
 	tag invalid
 	tagger T A Gger <tagger@example.com> 1234567890 -0000
@@ -386,8 +394,8 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'rev-list --verify-objects with bad sha1' '
 	sha=$(echo blob | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
-	old=$(echo $sha | sed "s+^..+&/+") &&
-	new=$(dirname $old)/ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff &&
+	old=$(test_oid_to_path $sha) &&
+	new=$(dirname $old)/$(test_oid ff_2) &&
 	sha="$(dirname $new)$(basename $new)" &&
 	mv .git/objects/$old .git/objects/$new &&
 	test_when_finished "remove_object $sha" &&
@@ -402,7 +410,7 @@
 
 	test_might_fail git rev-list --verify-objects refs/heads/bogus >/dev/null 2>out &&
 	cat out &&
-	test_i18ngrep -q "error: hash mismatch 63ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" out
+	test_i18ngrep -q "error: hash mismatch $(dirname $new)$(test_oid ff_2)" out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'force fsck to ignore double author' '
@@ -417,13 +425,12 @@
 '
 
 _bz='\0'
-_bz5="$_bz$_bz$_bz$_bz$_bz"
-_bz20="$_bz5$_bz5$_bz5$_bz5"
+_bzoid=$(printf $ZERO_OID | sed -e 's/00/\\0/g')
 
 test_expect_success 'fsck notices blob entry pointing to null sha1' '
 	(git init null-blob &&
 	 cd null-blob &&
-	 sha=$(printf "100644 file$_bz$_bz20" |
+	 sha=$(printf "100644 file$_bz$_bzoid" |
 	       git hash-object -w --stdin -t tree) &&
 	  git fsck 2>out &&
 	  cat out &&
@@ -434,7 +441,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'fsck notices submodule entry pointing to null sha1' '
 	(git init null-commit &&
 	 cd null-commit &&
-	 sha=$(printf "160000 submodule$_bz$_bz20" |
+	 sha=$(printf "160000 submodule$_bz$_bzoid" |
 	       git hash-object -w --stdin -t tree) &&
 	  git fsck 2>out &&
 	  cat out &&
@@ -586,7 +593,7 @@
 		# its type. That lets us see that --connectivity-only is
 		# not actually looking at the contents, but leaves it
 		# free to examine the type if it chooses.
-		empty=.git/objects/e6/9de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 &&
+		empty=.git/objects/$(test_oid_to_path $EMPTY_BLOB) &&
 		blob=$(echo unrelated | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
 		mv -f $(sha1_file $blob) $empty &&
 
@@ -631,10 +638,12 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'alternate objects are correctly blamed' '
 	test_when_finished "rm -rf alt.git .git/objects/info/alternates" &&
+	name=$(test_oid numeric) &&
+	path=$(test_oid_to_path "$name") &&
 	git init --bare alt.git &&
 	echo "../../alt.git/objects" >.git/objects/info/alternates &&
-	mkdir alt.git/objects/12 &&
-	>alt.git/objects/12/34567890123456789012345678901234567890 &&
+	mkdir alt.git/objects/$(dirname $path) &&
+	>alt.git/objects/$(dirname $path)/$(basename $path) &&
 	test_must_fail git fsck >out 2>&1 &&
 	test_i18ngrep alt.git out
 '
diff --git a/t/t1700-split-index.sh b/t/t1700-split-index.sh
index 4f2f84f..12a5568 100755
--- a/t/t1700-split-index.sh
+++ b/t/t1700-split-index.sh
@@ -20,6 +20,22 @@
 	test-tool chmtime =-5 "$1"
 }
 
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_oid_cache <<-EOF
+	own_v3 sha1:8299b0bcd1ac364e5f1d7768efb62fa2da79a339
+	own_v3 sha256:38a6d2925e3eceec33ad7b34cbff4e0086caa0daf28f31e51f5bd94b4a7af86b
+
+	base_v3 sha1:39d890139ee5356c7ef572216cebcd27aa41f9df
+	base_v3 sha256:c9baeadf905112bf6c17aefbd7d02267afd70ded613c30cafed2d40cb506e1ed
+
+	own_v4 sha1:432ef4b63f32193984f339431fd50ca796493569
+	own_v4 sha256:6738ac6319c25b694afa7bcc313deb182d1a59b68bf7a47b4296de83478c0420
+
+	base_v4 sha1:508851a7f0dfa8691e9f69c7f055865389012491
+	base_v4 sha256:3177d4adfdd4b6904f7e921d91d715a471c0dde7cf6a4bba574927f02b699508
+	EOF
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'enable split index' '
 	git config splitIndex.maxPercentChange 100 &&
 	git update-index --split-index &&
@@ -29,11 +45,11 @@
 	# NEEDSWORK: Stop hard-coding checksums.
 	if test "$indexversion" = "4"
 	then
-		own=432ef4b63f32193984f339431fd50ca796493569
-		base=508851a7f0dfa8691e9f69c7f055865389012491
+		own=$(test_oid own_v4)
+		base=$(test_oid base_v4)
 	else
-		own=8299b0bcd1ac364e5f1d7768efb62fa2da79a339
-		base=39d890139ee5356c7ef572216cebcd27aa41f9df
+		own=$(test_oid own_v3)
+		base=$(test_oid base_v3)
 	fi &&
 
 	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
@@ -99,17 +115,18 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'modify original file, base index untouched' '
 	echo modified | create_non_racy_file one &&
+	file1_blob=$(git hash-object one) &&
 	git update-index one &&
 	git ls-files --stage >ls-files.actual &&
 	cat >ls-files.expect <<-EOF &&
-	100644 2e0996000b7e9019eabcad29391bf0f5c7702f0b 0	one
+	100644 $file1_blob 0	one
 	EOF
 	test_cmp ls-files.expect ls-files.actual &&
 
 	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
 	q_to_tab >expect <<-EOF &&
 	$BASE
-	100644 2e0996000b7e9019eabcad29391bf0f5c7702f0b 0Q
+	100644 $file1_blob 0Q
 	replacements: 0
 	deletions:
 	EOF
@@ -121,7 +138,7 @@
 	git update-index --add two &&
 	git ls-files --stage >ls-files.actual &&
 	cat >ls-files.expect <<-EOF &&
-	100644 2e0996000b7e9019eabcad29391bf0f5c7702f0b 0	one
+	100644 $file1_blob 0	one
 	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	two
 	EOF
 	test_cmp ls-files.expect ls-files.actual &&
@@ -129,7 +146,7 @@
 	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
 	q_to_tab >expect <<-EOF &&
 	$BASE
-	100644 2e0996000b7e9019eabcad29391bf0f5c7702f0b 0Q
+	100644 $file1_blob 0Q
 	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	two
 	replacements: 0
 	deletions:
@@ -141,14 +158,14 @@
 	git update-index --force-remove two &&
 	git ls-files --stage >ls-files.actual &&
 	cat >ls-files.expect <<-EOF &&
-	100644 2e0996000b7e9019eabcad29391bf0f5c7702f0b 0	one
+	100644 $file1_blob 0	one
 	EOF
 	test_cmp ls-files.expect ls-files.actual &&
 
 	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
 	q_to_tab >expect <<-EOF &&
 	$BASE
-	100644 2e0996000b7e9019eabcad29391bf0f5c7702f0b 0Q
+	100644 $file1_blob 0Q
 	replacements: 0
 	deletions:
 	EOF
@@ -237,9 +254,9 @@
 	git update-index --add three &&
 	git ls-files --stage >ls-files.actual &&
 	cat >ls-files.expect <<-EOF &&
-	100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	one
-	100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	three
-	100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	two
+	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	one
+	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	three
+	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	two
 	EOF
 	test_cmp ls-files.expect ls-files.actual &&
 	BASE=$(test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | grep "^base") &&
@@ -257,8 +274,8 @@
 	git update-index --force-remove three &&
 	git ls-files --stage >ls-files.actual &&
 	cat >ls-files.expect <<-EOF &&
-	100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	one
-	100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	two
+	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	one
+	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	two
 	EOF
 	test_cmp ls-files.expect ls-files.actual &&
 	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
@@ -285,7 +302,7 @@
 	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
 	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
 	$BASE
-	100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	four
+	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	four
 	replacements:
 	deletions:
 	EOF
@@ -309,7 +326,7 @@
 	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
 	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
 	$BASE
-	100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	six
+	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	six
 	replacements:
 	deletions:
 	EOF
diff --git a/t/t2203-add-intent.sh b/t/t2203-add-intent.sh
index 68e54d5..5bbe8dc 100755
--- a/t/t2203-add-intent.sh
+++ b/t/t2203-add-intent.sh
@@ -247,12 +247,14 @@
 test_expect_success '"diff HEAD" includes ita as new files' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	echo new >new-ita &&
+	oid=$(git hash-object new-ita) &&
+	oid=$(git rev-parse --short $oid) &&
 	git add -N new-ita &&
 	git diff HEAD >actual &&
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 	diff --git a/new-ita b/new-ita
 	new file mode 100644
-	index 0000000..3e75765
+	index 0000000..$oid
 	--- /dev/null
 	+++ b/new-ita
 	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
diff --git a/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh b/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh
index 602bfd9..37655a2 100755
--- a/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh
+++ b/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh
@@ -94,6 +94,13 @@
 	'
 }
 
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_oid_cache <<-EOF
+	obj sha1:19f9c8273ec45a8938e6999cb59b3ff66739902a
+	obj sha256:3c666f798798601571f5cec0adb57ce4aba8546875e7693177e0535f34d2c49b
+	EOF
+'
+
 test_expect_success \
     'populate workdir' \
     'mkdir a &&
@@ -369,11 +376,10 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success LONG_IS_64BIT 'set up repository with huge blob' '
-	obj_d=19 &&
-	obj_f=f9c8273ec45a8938e6999cb59b3ff66739902a &&
-	obj=${obj_d}${obj_f} &&
-	mkdir -p .git/objects/$obj_d &&
-	cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5000/$obj .git/objects/$obj_d/$obj_f &&
+	obj=$(test_oid obj) &&
+	path=$(test_oid_to_path $obj) &&
+	mkdir -p .git/objects/$(dirname $path) &&
+	cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5000/huge-object .git/objects/$path &&
 	rm -f .git/index &&
 	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644,$obj,huge &&
 	git commit -m huge
diff --git a/t/t5000/19f9c8273ec45a8938e6999cb59b3ff66739902a b/t/t5000/huge-object
similarity index 100%
rename from t/t5000/19f9c8273ec45a8938e6999cb59b3ff66739902a
rename to t/t5000/huge-object
Binary files differ
diff --git a/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh b/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh
index 49a394b..bdc42e9 100755
--- a/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh
+++ b/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh
@@ -615,6 +615,7 @@
 	git add missing/MISSING &&
 	git commit -m "6(broken): Added file that will be deleted" &&
 	git tag BROKEN_HASH6 &&
+	deleted=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD:missing) &&
 	add_line_into_file "7(broken): second line on a broken branch" hello2 &&
 	git tag BROKEN_HASH7 &&
 	add_line_into_file "8(broken): third line on a broken branch" hello2 &&
@@ -622,12 +623,12 @@
 	git rm missing/MISSING &&
 	git commit -m "9(broken): Remove missing file" &&
 	git tag BROKEN_HASH9 &&
-	rm .git/objects/39/f7e61a724187ab767d2e08442d9b6b9dab587d
+	rm .git/objects/$(test_oid_to_path $deleted)
 '
 
 echo "" > expected.ok
 cat > expected.missing-tree.default <<EOF
-fatal: unable to read tree 39f7e61a724187ab767d2e08442d9b6b9dab587d
+fatal: unable to read tree $deleted
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'bisect fails if tree is broken on start commit' '
@@ -713,12 +714,12 @@
 "
 
 cat > expected.bisect-log <<EOF
-# bad: [32a594a3fdac2d57cf6d02987e30eec68511498c] Add <4: Ciao for now> into <hello>.
-# good: [7b7f204a749c3125d5224ed61ea2ae1187ad046f] Add <2: A new day for git> into <hello>.
-git bisect start '32a594a3fdac2d57cf6d02987e30eec68511498c' '7b7f204a749c3125d5224ed61ea2ae1187ad046f'
-# good: [3de952f2416b6084f557ec417709eac740c6818c] Add <3: Another new day for git> into <hello>.
-git bisect good 3de952f2416b6084f557ec417709eac740c6818c
-# first bad commit: [32a594a3fdac2d57cf6d02987e30eec68511498c] Add <4: Ciao for now> into <hello>.
+# bad: [$HASH4] Add <4: Ciao for now> into <hello>.
+# good: [$HASH2] Add <2: A new day for git> into <hello>.
+git bisect start '$HASH4' '$HASH2'
+# good: [$HASH3] Add <3: Another new day for git> into <hello>.
+git bisect good $HASH3
+# first bad commit: [$HASH4] Add <4: Ciao for now> into <hello>.
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'bisect log: successful result' '
@@ -731,14 +732,14 @@
 '
 
 cat > expected.bisect-skip-log <<EOF
-# bad: [32a594a3fdac2d57cf6d02987e30eec68511498c] Add <4: Ciao for now> into <hello>.
-# good: [7b7f204a749c3125d5224ed61ea2ae1187ad046f] Add <2: A new day for git> into <hello>.
-git bisect start '32a594a3fdac2d57cf6d02987e30eec68511498c' '7b7f204a749c3125d5224ed61ea2ae1187ad046f'
-# skip: [3de952f2416b6084f557ec417709eac740c6818c] Add <3: Another new day for git> into <hello>.
-git bisect skip 3de952f2416b6084f557ec417709eac740c6818c
+# bad: [$HASH4] Add <4: Ciao for now> into <hello>.
+# good: [$HASH2] Add <2: A new day for git> into <hello>.
+git bisect start '$HASH4' '$HASH2'
+# skip: [$HASH3] Add <3: Another new day for git> into <hello>.
+git bisect skip $HASH3
 # only skipped commits left to test
-# possible first bad commit: [32a594a3fdac2d57cf6d02987e30eec68511498c] Add <4: Ciao for now> into <hello>.
-# possible first bad commit: [3de952f2416b6084f557ec417709eac740c6818c] Add <3: Another new day for git> into <hello>.
+# possible first bad commit: [$HASH4] Add <4: Ciao for now> into <hello>.
+# possible first bad commit: [$HASH3] Add <3: Another new day for git> into <hello>.
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'bisect log: only skip commits left' '
diff --git a/t/t7700-repack.sh b/t/t7700-repack.sh
index 0e9af83..4e855bc2 100755
--- a/t/t7700-repack.sh
+++ b/t/t7700-repack.sh
@@ -243,10 +243,23 @@
 	pack=$(ls bare.git/objects/pack/*.pack) &&
 	test_path_is_file "$pack" &&
 	keep=${pack%.pack}.keep &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f \"\$keep\"" &&
 	>"$keep" &&
-	git -C bare.git repack -ad &&
+	git -C bare.git repack -ad 2>stderr &&
+	test_must_be_empty stderr &&
 	find bare.git/objects/pack/ -type f -name "*.bitmap" >actual &&
 	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'auto-bitmaps do not complain if unavailable' '
+	test_config -C bare.git pack.packSizeLimit 1M &&
+	blob=$(test-tool genrandom big $((1024*1024)) |
+	       git -C bare.git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	git -C bare.git update-ref refs/tags/big $blob &&
+	git -C bare.git repack -ad 2>stderr &&
+	test_must_be_empty stderr &&
+	find bare.git/objects/pack -type f -name "*.bitmap" >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/test-lib-functions.sh b/t/test-lib-functions.sh
index d4f1993..48bd3b4 100644
--- a/t/test-lib-functions.sh
+++ b/t/test-lib-functions.sh
@@ -1430,6 +1430,12 @@
 	eval "printf '%s' \"\${$var}\""
 }
 
+# Insert a slash into an object ID so it can be used to reference a location
+# under ".git/objects".  For example, "deadbeef..." becomes "de/adbeef..".
+test_oid_to_path () {
+	echo "${1%${1#??}}/${1#??}"
+}
+
 # Choose a port number based on the test script's number and store it in
 # the given variable name, unless that variable already contains a number.
 test_set_port () {