Description
^^^^^^^^^^^

When specifying `--tool=vimdiff` in `git mergetool` Git will open Vim with a 4
windows layout distributed in the following way:
....
------------------------------------------
|             |           |              |
|   LOCAL     |   BASE    |   REMOTE     |
|             |           |              |
------------------------------------------
|                                        |
|                MERGED                  |
|                                        |
------------------------------------------
....
`LOCAL`, `BASE` and `REMOTE` are read-only buffers showing the contents of the
conflicting file in specific commits ("commit you are merging into", "common
ancestor commit" and "commit you are merging from" respectively)

`MERGED` is a writable buffer where you have to resolve the conflicts (using the
other read-only buffers as a reference). Once you are done, save and exit Vim as
usual (`:wq`) or, if you want to abort, exit using `:cq`.

Layout configuration
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

You can change the windows layout used by Vim by setting configuration variable
`mergetool.vimdiff.layout` which accepts a string where the following separators
have special meaning:

  - `+` is used to "open a new tab"
  - `,` is used to "open a new vertical split"
  - `/` is used to "open a new horizontal split"
  - `@` is used to indicate the file containing the final version after
    solving the conflicts. If not present, `MERGED` will be used by default.

The precedence of the operators is as follows (you can use parentheses to change
it):

    `@` > `+` > `/` > `,`

Let's see some examples to understand how it works:

* `layout = "(LOCAL,BASE,REMOTE)/MERGED"`
+
--
This is exactly the same as the default layout we have already seen.

Note that `/` has precedence over `,` and thus the parenthesis are not
needed in this case. The next layout definition is equivalent:

    layout = "LOCAL,BASE,REMOTE / MERGED"
--
* `layout = "LOCAL,MERGED,REMOTE"`
+
--
If, for some reason, we are not interested in the `BASE` buffer.
....
------------------------------------------
|             |           |              |
|             |           |              |
|   LOCAL     |   MERGED  |   REMOTE     |
|             |           |              |
|             |           |              |
------------------------------------------
....
--
* `layout = "MERGED"`
+
--
Only the `MERGED` buffer will be shown. Note, however, that all the other
ones are still loaded in vim, and you can access them with the "buffers"
command.
....
------------------------------------------
|                                        |
|                                        |
|                 MERGED                 |
|                                        |
|                                        |
------------------------------------------
....
--
* `layout = "@LOCAL,REMOTE"`
+
--
When `MERGED` is not present in the layout, you must "mark" one of the
buffers with an arobase (`@`). That will become the buffer you need to edit and
save after resolving the conflicts.
....
------------------------------------------
|                   |                    |
|                   |                    |
|                   |                    |
|     LOCAL         |    REMOTE          |
|                   |                    |
|                   |                    |
|                   |                    |
------------------------------------------
....
--
* `layout = "LOCAL,BASE,REMOTE / MERGED + BASE,LOCAL + BASE,REMOTE"`
+
--
Three tabs will open: the first one is a copy of the default layout, while
the other two only show the differences between (`BASE` and `LOCAL`) and
(`BASE` and `REMOTE`) respectively.
....
------------------------------------------
| <TAB #1> |  TAB #2  |  TAB #3  |       |
------------------------------------------
|             |           |              |
|   LOCAL     |   BASE    |   REMOTE     |
|             |           |              |
------------------------------------------
|                                        |
|                MERGED                  |
|                                        |
------------------------------------------
....
....
------------------------------------------
|  TAB #1  | <TAB #2> |  TAB #3  |       |
------------------------------------------
|                   |                    |
|                   |                    |
|                   |                    |
|     BASE          |    LOCAL           |
|                   |                    |
|                   |                    |
|                   |                    |
------------------------------------------
....
....
------------------------------------------
|  TAB #1  |  TAB #2  | <TAB #3> |       |
------------------------------------------
|                   |                    |
|                   |                    |
|                   |                    |
|     BASE          |    REMOTE          |
|                   |                    |
|                   |                    |
|                   |                    |
------------------------------------------
....
--
* `layout = "LOCAL,BASE,REMOTE / MERGED + BASE,LOCAL + BASE,REMOTE + (LOCAL/BASE/REMOTE),MERGED"`
+
--
Same as the previous example, but adds a fourth tab with the same
information as the first tab, with a different layout.
....
---------------------------------------------
|  TAB #1  |  TAB #2  |  TAB #3  | <TAB #4> |
---------------------------------------------
|       LOCAL         |                     |
|---------------------|                     |
|       BASE          |        MERGED       |
|---------------------|                     |
|       REMOTE        |                     |
---------------------------------------------
....
Note how in the third tab definition we need to use parentheses to make `,`
have precedence over `/`.
--

Variants
^^^^^^^^

Instead of `--tool=vimdiff`, you can also use one of these other variants:

  * `--tool=gvimdiff`, to open gVim instead of Vim.

  * `--tool=nvimdiff`, to open Neovim instead of Vim.

When using these variants, in order to specify a custom layout you will have to
set configuration variables `mergetool.gvimdiff.layout` and
`mergetool.nvimdiff.layout` instead of `mergetool.vimdiff.layout` (though the
latter will be used as fallback if the variant-specific one is not set).

In addition, for backwards compatibility with previous Git versions, you can
also append `1`, `2` or `3` to either `vimdiff` or any of the variants (ex:
`vimdiff3`, `nvimdiff1`, etc...) to use a predefined layout.
In other words, using `--tool=[g|n]vimdiff<x>` is the same as using
`--tool=[g|n]vimdiff` and setting configuration variable
`mergetool.[g|n]vimdiff.layout` to...

  * `<x>=1`: `"@LOCAL, REMOTE"`
  * `<x>=2`: `"LOCAL, MERGED, REMOTE"`
  * `<x>=3`: `"MERGED"`

Example: using `--tool=gvimdiff2` will open `gvim` with three columns (`LOCAL`,
`MERGED` and `REMOTE`).