builtin/push.c - git - Git at Google

 /*
  * "git push"
  */
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "advice.h"
 #include "branch.h"
 #include "config.h"
 #include "environment.h"
 #include "gettext.h"
 #include "refspec.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "remote.h"
 #include "transport.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 #include "repository.h"
 #include "submodule.h"
 #include "submodule-config.h"
 #include "send-pack.h"
 #include "trace2.h"
 #include "color.h"

 static const char * const push_usage[] = {
 	N_("git push [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"),
 	NULL,
 };

 static int push_use_color = -1;
 static char push_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
 	GIT_COLOR_RESET,
 	GIT_COLOR_RED,	/* ERROR */
 };

 enum color_push {
 	PUSH_COLOR_RESET = 0,
 	PUSH_COLOR_ERROR = 1
 };

 static int parse_push_color_slot(const char *slot)
 {
 	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "reset"))
 		return PUSH_COLOR_RESET;
 	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "error"))
 		return PUSH_COLOR_ERROR;
 	return -1;
 }

 static const char *push_get_color(enum color_push ix)
 {
 	if (want_color_stderr(push_use_color))
 		return push_colors[ix];
 	return "";
 }

 static int thin = 1;
 static int deleterefs;
 static const char *receivepack;
 static int verbosity;
 static int progress = -1;
 static int recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_DEFAULT;
 static enum transport_family family;

 static struct push_cas_option cas;

 static struct refspec rs = REFSPEC_INIT_PUSH;

 static struct string_list push_options_config = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;

 static void refspec_append_mapped(struct refspec *refspec, const char *ref,
 				  struct remote *remote, struct ref *matched)
 {
 	const char *branch_name;

 	if (remote->push.nr) {
 		struct refspec_item query;
 		memset(&query, 0, sizeof(struct refspec_item));
 		query.src = matched->name;
 		if (!query_refspecs(&remote->push, &query) && query.dst) {
 			refspec_appendf(refspec, "%s%s:%s",
 					query.force ? "+" : "",
 					query.src, query.dst);
 			return;
 		}
 	}

 	if (push_default == PUSH_DEFAULT_UPSTREAM &&
 	    skip_prefix(matched->name, "refs/heads/", &branch_name)) {
 		struct branch *branch = branch_get(branch_name);
 		if (branch->merge_nr == 1 && branch->merge[0]->src) {
 			refspec_appendf(refspec, "%s:%s",
 					ref, branch->merge[0]->src);
 			return;
 		}
 	}

 	refspec_append(refspec, ref);
 }

 static void set_refspecs(const char **refs, int nr, const char *repo)
 {
 	struct remote *remote = NULL;
 	struct ref *local_refs = NULL;
 	int i;

 	for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
 		const char *ref = refs[i];
 		if (!strcmp("tag", ref)) {
 			if (nr <= ++i)
 				die(_("tag shorthand without <tag>"));
 			ref = refs[i];
 			if (deleterefs)
 				refspec_appendf(&rs, ":refs/tags/%s", ref);
 			else
 				refspec_appendf(&rs, "refs/tags/%s", ref);
 		} else if (deleterefs) {
 			if (strchr(ref, ':') || !*ref)
 				die(_("--delete only accepts plain target ref names"));
 			refspec_appendf(&rs, ":%s", ref);
 		} else if (!strchr(ref, ':')) {
 			struct ref *matched = NULL;

 			/* lazily grab local_refs */
 			if (!local_refs)
 				local_refs = get_local_heads();

 			/* Does "ref" uniquely name our ref? */
 			if (count_refspec_match(ref, local_refs, &matched) != 1) {
 				refspec_append(&rs, ref);
 			} else {
 				/* lazily grab remote */
 				if (!remote)
 					remote = remote_get(repo);
 				if (!remote)
 					BUG("must get a remote for repo '%s'", repo);

 				refspec_append_mapped(&rs, ref, remote, matched);
 			}
 		} else
 			refspec_append(&rs, ref);
 	}
 	free_refs(local_refs);
 }

 static int push_url_of_remote(struct remote *remote, const char ***url_p)
 {
 	if (remote->pushurl_nr) {
 		*url_p = remote->pushurl;
 		return remote->pushurl_nr;
 	}
 	*url_p = remote->url;
 	return remote->url_nr;
 }

 static NORETURN void die_push_simple(struct branch *branch,
 				     struct remote *remote)
 {
 	/*
 	 * There's no point in using shorten_unambiguous_ref here,
 	 * as the ambiguity would be on the remote side, not what
 	 * we have locally. Plus, this is supposed to be the simple
 	 * mode. If the user is doing something crazy like setting
 	 * upstream to a non-branch, we should probably be showing
 	 * them the big ugly fully qualified ref.
 	 */
 	const char *advice_pushdefault_maybe = "";
 	const char *advice_automergesimple_maybe = "";
 	const char *short_upstream = branch->merge[0]->src;

 	skip_prefix(short_upstream, "refs/heads/", &short_upstream);

 	/*
 	 * Don't show advice for people who explicitly set
 	 * push.default.
 	 */
 	if (push_default == PUSH_DEFAULT_UNSPECIFIED)
 		advice_pushdefault_maybe = _("\n"
 				 "To choose either option permanently, "
 				 "see push.default in 'git help config'.\n");
 	if (git_branch_track != BRANCH_TRACK_SIMPLE)
 		advice_automergesimple_maybe = _("\n"
 				 "To avoid automatically configuring "
 				 "an upstream branch when its name\n"
 				 "won't match the local branch, see option "
 				 "'simple' of branch.autoSetupMerge\n"
 				 "in 'git help config'.\n");
 	die(_("The upstream branch of your current branch does not match\n"
 	      "the name of your current branch.  To push to the upstream branch\n"
 	      "on the remote, use\n"
 	      "\n"
 	      "    git push %s HEAD:%s\n"
 	      "\n"
 	      "To push to the branch of the same name on the remote, use\n"
 	      "\n"
 	      "    git push %s HEAD\n"
 	      "%s%s"),
 	    remote->name, short_upstream,
 	    remote->name, advice_pushdefault_maybe,
 	    advice_automergesimple_maybe);
 }

 static const char message_detached_head_die[] =
 	N_("You are not currently on a branch.\n"
 	   "To push the history leading to the current (detached HEAD)\n"
 	   "state now, use\n"
 	   "\n"
 	   "    git push %s HEAD:<name-of-remote-branch>\n");

 static const char *get_upstream_ref(int flags, struct branch *branch, const char *remote_name)
 {
 	if (branch->merge_nr == 0 && (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_AUTO_UPSTREAM)) {
 		/* if missing, assume same; set_upstream will be defined later */
 		return branch->refname;
 	}

 	if (!branch->merge_nr || !branch->merge || !branch->remote_name) {
 		const char *advice_autosetup_maybe = "";
 		if (!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_AUTO_UPSTREAM)) {
 			advice_autosetup_maybe = _("\n"
 					   "To have this happen automatically for "
 					   "branches without a tracking\n"
 					   "upstream, see 'push.autoSetupRemote' "
 					   "in 'git help config'.\n");
 		}
 		die(_("The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
 		    "To push the current branch and set the remote as upstream, use\n"
 		    "\n"
 		    "    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
 		    "%s"),
 		    branch->name,
 		    remote_name,
 		    branch->name,
 		    advice_autosetup_maybe);
 	}
 	if (branch->merge_nr != 1)
 		die(_("The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, "
 		    "refusing to push."), branch->name);

 	return branch->merge[0]->src;
 }

 static void setup_default_push_refspecs(int *flags, struct remote *remote)
 {
 	struct branch *branch;
 	const char *dst;
 	int same_remote;

 	switch (push_default) {
 	case PUSH_DEFAULT_MATCHING:
 		refspec_append(&rs, ":");
 		return;

 	case PUSH_DEFAULT_NOTHING:
 		die(_("You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and "
 		    "push.default is \"nothing\"."));
 		return;
 	default:
 		break;
 	}

 	branch = branch_get(NULL);
 	if (!branch)
 		die(_(message_detached_head_die), remote->name);

 	dst = branch->refname;
 	same_remote = !strcmp(remote->name, remote_for_branch(branch, NULL));

 	switch (push_default) {
 	default:
 	case PUSH_DEFAULT_UNSPECIFIED:
 	case PUSH_DEFAULT_SIMPLE:
 		if (!same_remote)
 			break;
 		if (strcmp(branch->refname, get_upstream_ref(*flags, branch, remote->name)))
 			die_push_simple(branch, remote);
 		break;

 	case PUSH_DEFAULT_UPSTREAM:
 		if (!same_remote)
 			die(_("You are pushing to remote '%s', which is not the upstream of\n"
 			      "your current branch '%s', without telling me what to push\n"
 			      "to update which remote branch."),
 			    remote->name, branch->name);
 		dst = get_upstream_ref(*flags, branch, remote->name);
 		break;

 	case PUSH_DEFAULT_CURRENT:
 		break;
 	}

 	/*
 	 * this is a default push - if auto-upstream is enabled and there is
 	 * no upstream defined, then set it (with options 'simple', 'upstream',
 	 * and 'current').
 	 */
 	if ((*flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_AUTO_UPSTREAM) && branch->merge_nr == 0)
 		*flags |= TRANSPORT_PUSH_SET_UPSTREAM;

 	refspec_appendf(&rs, "%s:%s", branch->refname, dst);
 }

 static const char message_advice_pull_before_push[] =
 	N_("Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind\n"
 	   "its remote counterpart. If you want to integrate the remote changes,\n"
 	   "use 'git pull' before pushing again.\n"
 	   "See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.");

 static const char message_advice_checkout_pull_push[] =
 	N_("Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
 	   "counterpart. If you want to integrate the remote changes, use 'git pull'\n"
 	   "before pushing again.\n"
 	   "See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.");

 static const char message_advice_ref_fetch_first[] =
 	N_("Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do not\n"
 	   "have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing to\n"
 	   "the same ref. If you want to integrate the remote changes, use\n"
 	   "'git pull' before pushing again.\n"
 	   "See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.");

 static const char message_advice_ref_already_exists[] =
 	N_("Updates were rejected because the tag already exists in the remote.");

 static const char message_advice_ref_needs_force[] =
 	N_("You cannot update a remote ref that points at a non-commit object,\n"
 	   "or update a remote ref to make it point at a non-commit object,\n"
 	   "without using the '--force' option.\n");

 static const char message_advice_ref_needs_update[] =
 	N_("Updates were rejected because the tip of the remote-tracking branch has\n"
 	   "been updated since the last checkout. If you want to integrate the\n"
 	   "remote changes, use 'git pull' before pushing again.\n"
 	   "See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.");

 static void advise_pull_before_push(void)
 {
 	if (!advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_NON_FF_CURRENT) || !advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_UPDATE_REJECTED))
 		return;
 	advise(_(message_advice_pull_before_push));
 }

 static void advise_checkout_pull_push(void)
 {
 	if (!advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_NON_FF_MATCHING) || !advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_UPDATE_REJECTED))
 		return;
 	advise(_(message_advice_checkout_pull_push));
 }

 static void advise_ref_already_exists(void)
 {
 	if (!advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_ALREADY_EXISTS) || !advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_UPDATE_REJECTED))
 		return;
 	advise(_(message_advice_ref_already_exists));
 }

 static void advise_ref_fetch_first(void)
 {
 	if (!advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_FETCH_FIRST) || !advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_UPDATE_REJECTED))
 		return;
 	advise(_(message_advice_ref_fetch_first));
 }

 static void advise_ref_needs_force(void)
 {
 	if (!advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_NEEDS_FORCE) || !advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_UPDATE_REJECTED))
 		return;
 	advise(_(message_advice_ref_needs_force));
 }

 static void advise_ref_needs_update(void)
 {
 	if (!advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_REF_NEEDS_UPDATE) || !advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_UPDATE_REJECTED))
 		return;
 	advise(_(message_advice_ref_needs_update));
 }

 static int push_with_options(struct transport *transport, struct refspec *rs,
 			     int flags)
 {
 	int err;
 	unsigned int reject_reasons;
 	char *anon_url = transport_anonymize_url(transport->url);

 	transport_set_verbosity(transport, verbosity, progress);
 	transport->family = family;

 	if (receivepack)
 		transport_set_option(transport,
 				     TRANS_OPT_RECEIVEPACK, receivepack);
 	transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_THIN, thin ? "yes" : NULL);

 	if (!is_empty_cas(&cas)) {
 		if (!transport->smart_options)
 			die("underlying transport does not support --%s option",
 			    "force-with-lease");
 		transport->smart_options->cas = &cas;
 	}

 	if (verbosity > 0)
 		fprintf(stderr, _("Pushing to %s\n"), anon_url);
 	trace2_region_enter("push", "transport_push", the_repository);
 	err = transport_push(the_repository, transport,
 			     rs, flags, &reject_reasons);
 	trace2_region_leave("push", "transport_push", the_repository);
 	if (err != 0) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "%s", push_get_color(PUSH_COLOR_ERROR));
 		error(_("failed to push some refs to '%s'"), anon_url);
 		fprintf(stderr, "%s", push_get_color(PUSH_COLOR_RESET));
 	}

 	err |= transport_disconnect(transport);
 	free(anon_url);
 	if (!err)
 		return 0;

 	if (reject_reasons & REJECT_NON_FF_HEAD) {
 		advise_pull_before_push();
 	} else if (reject_reasons & REJECT_NON_FF_OTHER) {
 		advise_checkout_pull_push();
 	} else if (reject_reasons & REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS) {
 		advise_ref_already_exists();
 	} else if (reject_reasons & REJECT_FETCH_FIRST) {
 		advise_ref_fetch_first();
 	} else if (reject_reasons & REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE) {
 		advise_ref_needs_force();
 	} else if (reject_reasons & REJECT_REF_NEEDS_UPDATE) {
 		advise_ref_needs_update();
 	}

 	return 1;
 }

 static int do_push(int flags,
 		   const struct string_list *push_options,
 		   struct remote *remote)
 {
 	int i, errs;
 	const char **url;
 	int url_nr;
 	struct refspec *push_refspec = &rs;

 	if (push_options->nr)
 		flags |= TRANSPORT_PUSH_OPTIONS;

 	if (!push_refspec->nr && !(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL)) {
 		if (remote->push.nr) {
 			push_refspec = &remote->push;
 		} else if (!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR))
 			setup_default_push_refspecs(&flags, remote);
 	}
 	errs = 0;
 	url_nr = push_url_of_remote(remote, &url);
 	if (url_nr) {
 		for (i = 0; i < url_nr; i++) {
 			struct transport *transport =
 				transport_get(remote, url[i]);
 			if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_OPTIONS)
 				transport->push_options = push_options;
 			if (push_with_options(transport, push_refspec, flags))
 				errs++;
 		}
 	} else {
 		struct transport *transport =
 			transport_get(remote, NULL);
 		if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_OPTIONS)
 			transport->push_options = push_options;
 		if (push_with_options(transport, push_refspec, flags))
 			errs++;
 	}
 	return !!errs;
 }

 static int option_parse_recurse_submodules(const struct option *opt,
 				   const char *arg, int unset)
 {
 	int *recurse_submodules = opt->value;

 	if (unset)
 		*recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF;
 	else {
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "only-is-on-demand")) {
 			if (*recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ONLY) {
 				warning(_("recursing into submodule with push.recurseSubmodules=only; using on-demand instead"));
 				*recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND;
 			}
 		} else {
 			*recurse_submodules = parse_push_recurse_submodules_arg(opt->long_name, arg);
 		}
 	}

 	return 0;
 }

 static void set_push_cert_flags(int *flags, int v)
 {
 	switch (v) {
 	case SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_NEVER:
 		*flags &= ~(TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS | TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED);
 		break;
 	case SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS:
 		*flags |= TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS;
 		*flags &= ~TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED;
 		break;
 	case SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED:
 		*flags |= TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED;
 		*flags &= ~TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS;
 		break;
 	}
 }


 static int git_push_config(const char *k, const char *v,
 			   const struct config_context *ctx, void *cb)
 {
 	const char *slot_name;
 	int *flags = cb;

 	if (!strcmp(k, "push.followtags")) {
 		if (git_config_bool(k, v))
 			*flags |= TRANSPORT_PUSH_FOLLOW_TAGS;
 		else
 			*flags &= ~TRANSPORT_PUSH_FOLLOW_TAGS;
 		return 0;
 	} else if (!strcmp(k, "push.autosetupremote")) {
 		if (git_config_bool(k, v))
 			*flags |= TRANSPORT_PUSH_AUTO_UPSTREAM;
 		return 0;
 	} else if (!strcmp(k, "push.gpgsign")) {
 		switch (git_parse_maybe_bool(v)) {
 		case 0:
 			set_push_cert_flags(flags, SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_NEVER);
 			break;
 		case 1:
 			set_push_cert_flags(flags, SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS);
 			break;
 		default:
 			if (!strcasecmp(v, "if-asked"))
 				set_push_cert_flags(flags, SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED);
 			else
 				return error(_("invalid value for '%s'"), k);
 		}
 	} else if (!strcmp(k, "push.recursesubmodules")) {
 		recurse_submodules = parse_push_recurse_submodules_arg(k, v);
 	} else if (!strcmp(k, "submodule.recurse")) {
 		int val = git_config_bool(k, v) ?
 			RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND : RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF;
 		recurse_submodules = val;
 	} else if (!strcmp(k, "push.pushoption")) {
 		if (!v)
 			return config_error_nonbool(k);
 		else
 			if (!*v)
 				string_list_clear(&push_options_config, 0);
 			else
 				string_list_append(&push_options_config, v);
 		return 0;
 	} else if (!strcmp(k, "color.push")) {
 		push_use_color = git_config_colorbool(k, v);
 		return 0;
 	} else if (skip_prefix(k, "color.push.", &slot_name)) {
 		int slot = parse_push_color_slot(slot_name);
 		if (slot < 0)
 			return 0;
 		if (!v)
 			return config_error_nonbool(k);
 		return color_parse(v, push_colors[slot]);
 	} else if (!strcmp(k, "push.useforceifincludes")) {
 		if (git_config_bool(k, v))
 			*flags |= TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE_IF_INCLUDES;
 		else
 			*flags &= ~TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE_IF_INCLUDES;
 		return 0;
 	}

 	return git_default_config(k, v, ctx, NULL);
 }

 int cmd_push(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int flags = 0;
 	int tags = 0;
 	int push_cert = -1;
 	int rc;
 	const char *repo = NULL;	/* default repository */
 	struct string_list push_options_cmdline = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 	struct string_list *push_options;
 	const struct string_list_item *item;
 	struct remote *remote;

 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT__VERBOSITY(&verbosity),
 		OPT_STRING( 0 , "repo", &repo, N_("repository"), N_("repository")),
 		OPT_BIT( 0 , "all", &flags, N_("push all branches"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL),
 		OPT_ALIAS( 0 , "branches", "all"),
 		OPT_BIT( 0 , "mirror", &flags, N_("mirror all refs"),
 			    (TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR|TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE)),
 		OPT_BOOL('d', "delete", &deleterefs, N_("delete refs")),
 		OPT_BOOL( 0 , "tags", &tags, N_("push tags (can't be used with --all or --branches or --mirror)")),
 		OPT_BIT('n' , "dry-run", &flags, N_("dry run"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN),
 		OPT_BIT( 0,  "porcelain", &flags, N_("machine-readable output"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_PORCELAIN),
 		OPT_BIT('f', "force", &flags, N_("force updates"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE),
 		OPT_CALLBACK_F(0, "force-with-lease", &cas, N_("<refname>:<expect>"),
 			       N_("require old value of ref to be at this value"),
 			       PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP, parseopt_push_cas_option),
 		OPT_BIT(0, TRANS_OPT_FORCE_IF_INCLUDES, &flags,
 			N_("require remote updates to be integrated locally"),
 			TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE_IF_INCLUDES),
 		OPT_CALLBACK(0, "recurse-submodules", &recurse_submodules, "(check|on-demand|no)",
 			     N_("control recursive pushing of submodules"), option_parse_recurse_submodules),
 		OPT_BOOL_F( 0 , "thin", &thin, N_("use thin pack"), PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE),
 		OPT_STRING( 0 , "receive-pack", &receivepack, "receive-pack", N_("receive pack program")),
 		OPT_STRING( 0 , "exec", &receivepack, "receive-pack", N_("receive pack program")),
 		OPT_BIT('u', "set-upstream", &flags, N_("set upstream for git pull/status"),
 			TRANSPORT_PUSH_SET_UPSTREAM),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "progress", &progress, N_("force progress reporting")),
 		OPT_BIT(0, "prune", &flags, N_("prune locally removed refs"),
 			TRANSPORT_PUSH_PRUNE),
 		OPT_BIT(0, "no-verify", &flags, N_("bypass pre-push hook"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_NO_HOOK),
 		OPT_BIT(0, "follow-tags", &flags, N_("push missing but relevant tags"),
 			TRANSPORT_PUSH_FOLLOW_TAGS),
 		OPT_CALLBACK_F(0, "signed", &push_cert, "(yes|no|if-asked)", N_("GPG sign the push"),
 				PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, option_parse_push_signed),
 		OPT_BIT(0, "atomic", &flags, N_("request atomic transaction on remote side"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_ATOMIC),
 		OPT_STRING_LIST('o', "push-option", &push_options_cmdline, N_("server-specific"), N_("option to transmit")),
 		OPT_IPVERSION(&family),
 		OPT_END()
 	};

 	packet_trace_identity("push");
 	git_config(git_push_config, &flags);
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, push_usage, 0);
 	push_options = (push_options_cmdline.nr
 		? &push_options_cmdline
 		: &push_options_config);
 	set_push_cert_flags(&flags, push_cert);

 	die_for_incompatible_opt4(deleterefs, "--delete",
 				  tags, "--tags",
 				  flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL, "--all/--branches",
 				  flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR, "--mirror");
 	if (deleterefs && argc < 2)
 		die(_("--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"));

 	if (recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_CHECK)
 		flags |= TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_CHECK;
 	else if (recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND)
 		flags |= TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND;
 	else if (recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ONLY)
 		flags |= TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ONLY;

 	if (tags)
 		refspec_append(&rs, "refs/tags/*");

 	if (argc > 0) {
 		repo = argv[0];
 		set_refspecs(argv + 1, argc - 1, repo);
 	}

 	remote = pushremote_get(repo);
 	if (!remote) {
 		if (repo)
 			die(_("bad repository '%s'"), repo);
 		die(_("No configured push destination.\n"
 		    "Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote repository using\n"
 		    "\n"
 		    "    git remote add <name> <url>\n"
 		    "\n"
 		    "and then push using the remote name\n"
 		    "\n"
 		    "    git push <name>\n"));
 	}

 	if (remote->mirror)
 		flags |= (TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR|TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE);

 	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL) {
 		if (argc >= 2)
 			die(_("--all can't be combined with refspecs"));
 	}
 	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR) {
 		if (argc >= 2)
 			die(_("--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"));
 	}

 	if (!is_empty_cas(&cas) && (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE_IF_INCLUDES))
 		cas.use_force_if_includes = 1;

 	for_each_string_list_item(item, push_options)
 		if (strchr(item->string, '\n'))
 			die(_("push options must not have new line characters"));

 	rc = do_push(flags, push_options, remote);
 	string_list_clear(&push_options_cmdline, 0);
 	string_list_clear(&push_options_config, 0);
 	if (rc == -1)
 		usage_with_options(push_usage, options);
 	else
 		return rc;
 }
	/*
	* "git push"
	*/
	#include "builtin.h"
	#include "advice.h"
	#include "branch.h"
	#include "config.h"
	#include "environment.h"
	#include "gettext.h"
	#include "refspec.h"
	#include "run-command.h"
	#include "remote.h"
	#include "transport.h"
	#include "parse-options.h"
	#include "pkt-line.h"
	#include "repository.h"
	#include "submodule.h"
	#include "submodule-config.h"
	#include "send-pack.h"
	#include "trace2.h"
	#include "color.h"

	static const char * const push_usage[] = {
	N_("git push [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"),
	NULL,
	};

	static int push_use_color = -1;
	static char push_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
	GIT_COLOR_RESET,
	GIT_COLOR_RED, /* ERROR */
	};

	enum color_push {
	PUSH_COLOR_RESET = 0,
	PUSH_COLOR_ERROR = 1
	};

	static int parse_push_color_slot(const char *slot)
	{
	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "reset"))
	return PUSH_COLOR_RESET;
	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "error"))
	return PUSH_COLOR_ERROR;
	return -1;
	}

	static const char *push_get_color(enum color_push ix)
	{
	if (want_color_stderr(push_use_color))
	return push_colors[ix];
	return "";
	}

	static int thin = 1;
	static int deleterefs;
	static const char *receivepack;
	static int verbosity;
	static int progress = -1;
	static int recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_DEFAULT;
	static enum transport_family family;

	static struct push_cas_option cas;

	static struct refspec rs = REFSPEC_INIT_PUSH;

	static struct string_list push_options_config = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;

	static void refspec_append_mapped(struct refspec refspec, const char ref,
	struct remote remote, struct ref matched)
	{
	const char *branch_name;

	if (remote->push.nr) {
	struct refspec_item query;
	memset(&query, 0, sizeof(struct refspec_item));
	query.src = matched->name;
	if (!query_refspecs(&remote->push, &query) && query.dst) {
	refspec_appendf(refspec, "%s%s:%s",
	query.force ? "+" : "",
	query.src, query.dst);
	return;
	}
	}

	if (push_default == PUSH_DEFAULT_UPSTREAM &&
	skip_prefix(matched->name, "refs/heads/", &branch_name)) {
	struct branch *branch = branch_get(branch_name);
	if (branch->merge_nr == 1 && branch->merge[0]->src) {
	refspec_appendf(refspec, "%s:%s",
	ref, branch->merge[0]->src);
	return;
	}
	}

	refspec_append(refspec, ref);
	}

	static void set_refspecs(const char *refs, int nr, const char repo)
	{
	struct remote *remote = NULL;
	struct ref *local_refs = NULL;
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
	const char *ref = refs[i];
	if (!strcmp("tag", ref)) {
	if (nr <= ++i)
	die(_("tag shorthand without <tag>"));
	ref = refs[i];
	if (deleterefs)
	refspec_appendf(&rs, ":refs/tags/%s", ref);
	else
	refspec_appendf(&rs, "refs/tags/%s", ref);
	} else if (deleterefs) {
	if (strchr(ref, ':') \|\| !*ref)
	die(_("--delete only accepts plain target ref names"));
	refspec_appendf(&rs, ":%s", ref);
	} else if (!strchr(ref, ':')) {
	struct ref *matched = NULL;

	/* lazily grab local_refs */
	if (!local_refs)
	local_refs = get_local_heads();

	/* Does "ref" uniquely name our ref? */
	if (count_refspec_match(ref, local_refs, &matched) != 1) {
	refspec_append(&rs, ref);
	} else {
	/* lazily grab remote */
	if (!remote)
	remote = remote_get(repo);
	if (!remote)
	BUG("must get a remote for repo '%s'", repo);

	refspec_append_mapped(&rs, ref, remote, matched);
	}
	} else
	refspec_append(&rs, ref);
	}
	free_refs(local_refs);
	}

	static int push_url_of_remote(struct remote remote, const char **url_p)
	{
	if (remote->pushurl_nr) {
	*url_p = remote->pushurl;
	return remote->pushurl_nr;
	}
	*url_p = remote->url;
	return remote->url_nr;
	}

	static NORETURN void die_push_simple(struct branch *branch,
	struct remote *remote)
	{
	/*
	* There's no point in using shorten_unambiguous_ref here,
	* as the ambiguity would be on the remote side, not what
	* we have locally. Plus, this is supposed to be the simple
	* mode. If the user is doing something crazy like setting
	* upstream to a non-branch, we should probably be showing
	* them the big ugly fully qualified ref.
	*/
	const char *advice_pushdefault_maybe = "";
	const char *advice_automergesimple_maybe = "";
	const char *short_upstream = branch->merge[0]->src;

	skip_prefix(short_upstream, "refs/heads/", &short_upstream);

	/*
	* Don't show advice for people who explicitly set
	* push.default.
	*/
	if (push_default == PUSH_DEFAULT_UNSPECIFIED)
	advice_pushdefault_maybe = _("\n"
	"To choose either option permanently, "
	"see push.default in 'git help config'.\n");
	if (git_branch_track != BRANCH_TRACK_SIMPLE)
	advice_automergesimple_maybe = _("\n"
	"To avoid automatically configuring "
	"an upstream branch when its name\n"
	"won't match the local branch, see option "
	"'simple' of branch.autoSetupMerge\n"
	"in 'git help config'.\n");
	die(_("The upstream branch of your current branch does not match\n"
	"the name of your current branch. To push to the upstream branch\n"
	"on the remote, use\n"
	"\n"
	" git push %s HEAD:%s\n"
	"\n"
	"To push to the branch of the same name on the remote, use\n"
	"\n"
	" git push %s HEAD\n"
	"%s%s"),
	remote->name, short_upstream,
	remote->name, advice_pushdefault_maybe,
	advice_automergesimple_maybe);
	}

	static const char message_detached_head_die[] =
	N_("You are not currently on a branch.\n"
	"To push the history leading to the current (detached HEAD)\n"
	"state now, use\n"
	"\n"
	" git push %s HEAD:<name-of-remote-branch>\n");

	static const char get_upstream_ref(int flags, struct branch branch, const char *remote_name)
	{
	if (branch->merge_nr == 0 && (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_AUTO_UPSTREAM)) {
	/* if missing, assume same; set_upstream will be defined later */
	return branch->refname;
	}

	if (!branch->merge_nr \|\| !branch->merge \|\| !branch->remote_name) {
	const char *advice_autosetup_maybe = "";
	if (!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_AUTO_UPSTREAM)) {
	advice_autosetup_maybe = _("\n"
	"To have this happen automatically for "
	"branches without a tracking\n"
	"upstream, see 'push.autoSetupRemote' "
	"in 'git help config'.\n");
	}
	die(_("The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
	"To push the current branch and set the remote as upstream, use\n"
	"\n"
	" git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
	"%s"),
	branch->name,
	remote_name,
	branch->name,
	advice_autosetup_maybe);
	}
	if (branch->merge_nr != 1)
	die(_("The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, "
	"refusing to push."), branch->name);

	return branch->merge[0]->src;
	}

	static void setup_default_push_refspecs(int flags, struct remote remote)
	{
	struct branch *branch;
	const char *dst;
	int same_remote;

	switch (push_default) {
	case PUSH_DEFAULT_MATCHING:
	refspec_append(&rs, ":");
	return;

	case PUSH_DEFAULT_NOTHING:
	die(_("You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and "
	"push.default is \"nothing\"."));
	return;
	default:
	break;
	}

	branch = branch_get(NULL);
	if (!branch)
	die(_(message_detached_head_die), remote->name);

	dst = branch->refname;
	same_remote = !strcmp(remote->name, remote_for_branch(branch, NULL));

	switch (push_default) {
	default:
	case PUSH_DEFAULT_UNSPECIFIED:
	case PUSH_DEFAULT_SIMPLE:
	if (!same_remote)
	break;
	if (strcmp(branch->refname, get_upstream_ref(*flags, branch, remote->name)))
	die_push_simple(branch, remote);
	break;

	case PUSH_DEFAULT_UPSTREAM:
	if (!same_remote)
	die(_("You are pushing to remote '%s', which is not the upstream of\n"
	"your current branch '%s', without telling me what to push\n"
	"to update which remote branch."),
	remote->name, branch->name);
	dst = get_upstream_ref(*flags, branch, remote->name);
	break;

	case PUSH_DEFAULT_CURRENT:
	break;
	}

	/*
	* this is a default push - if auto-upstream is enabled and there is
	* no upstream defined, then set it (with options 'simple', 'upstream',
	* and 'current').
	*/
	if ((*flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_AUTO_UPSTREAM) && branch->merge_nr == 0)
	*flags \|= TRANSPORT_PUSH_SET_UPSTREAM;

	refspec_appendf(&rs, "%s:%s", branch->refname, dst);
	}

	static const char message_advice_pull_before_push[] =
	N_("Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind\n"
	"its remote counterpart. If you want to integrate the remote changes,\n"
	"use 'git pull' before pushing again.\n"
	"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.");

	static const char message_advice_checkout_pull_push[] =
	N_("Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
	"counterpart. If you want to integrate the remote changes, use 'git pull'\n"
	"before pushing again.\n"
	"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.");

	static const char message_advice_ref_fetch_first[] =
	N_("Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do not\n"
	"have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing to\n"
	"the same ref. If you want to integrate the remote changes, use\n"
	"'git pull' before pushing again.\n"
	"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.");

	static const char message_advice_ref_already_exists[] =
	N_("Updates were rejected because the tag already exists in the remote.");

	static const char message_advice_ref_needs_force[] =
	N_("You cannot update a remote ref that points at a non-commit object,\n"
	"or update a remote ref to make it point at a non-commit object,\n"
	"without using the '--force' option.\n");

	static const char message_advice_ref_needs_update[] =
	N_("Updates were rejected because the tip of the remote-tracking branch has\n"
	"been updated since the last checkout. If you want to integrate the\n"
	"remote changes, use 'git pull' before pushing again.\n"
	"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.");

	static void advise_pull_before_push(void)
	{
	if (!advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_NON_FF_CURRENT) \|\| !advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_UPDATE_REJECTED))
	return;
	advise(_(message_advice_pull_before_push));
	}

	static void advise_checkout_pull_push(void)
	{
	if (!advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_NON_FF_MATCHING) \|\| !advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_UPDATE_REJECTED))
	return;
	advise(_(message_advice_checkout_pull_push));
	}

	static void advise_ref_already_exists(void)
	{
	if (!advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_ALREADY_EXISTS) \|\| !advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_UPDATE_REJECTED))
	return;
	advise(_(message_advice_ref_already_exists));
	}

	static void advise_ref_fetch_first(void)
	{
	if (!advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_FETCH_FIRST) \|\| !advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_UPDATE_REJECTED))
	return;
	advise(_(message_advice_ref_fetch_first));
	}

	static void advise_ref_needs_force(void)
	{
	if (!advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_NEEDS_FORCE) \|\| !advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_UPDATE_REJECTED))
	return;
	advise(_(message_advice_ref_needs_force));
	}

	static void advise_ref_needs_update(void)
	{
	if (!advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_REF_NEEDS_UPDATE) \|\| !advice_enabled(ADVICE_PUSH_UPDATE_REJECTED))
	return;
	advise(_(message_advice_ref_needs_update));
	}

	static int push_with_options(struct transport transport, struct refspec rs,
	int flags)
	{
	int err;
	unsigned int reject_reasons;
	char *anon_url = transport_anonymize_url(transport->url);

	transport_set_verbosity(transport, verbosity, progress);
	transport->family = family;

	if (receivepack)
	transport_set_option(transport,
	TRANS_OPT_RECEIVEPACK, receivepack);
	transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_THIN, thin ? "yes" : NULL);

	if (!is_empty_cas(&cas)) {
	if (!transport->smart_options)
	die("underlying transport does not support --%s option",
	"force-with-lease");
	transport->smart_options->cas = &cas;
	}

	if (verbosity > 0)
	fprintf(stderr, _("Pushing to %s\n"), anon_url);
	trace2_region_enter("push", "transport_push", the_repository);
	err = transport_push(the_repository, transport,
	rs, flags, &reject_reasons);
	trace2_region_leave("push", "transport_push", the_repository);
	if (err != 0) {
	fprintf(stderr, "%s", push_get_color(PUSH_COLOR_ERROR));
	error(_("failed to push some refs to '%s'"), anon_url);
	fprintf(stderr, "%s", push_get_color(PUSH_COLOR_RESET));
	}

	err \|= transport_disconnect(transport);
	free(anon_url);
	if (!err)
	return 0;

	if (reject_reasons & REJECT_NON_FF_HEAD) {
	advise_pull_before_push();
	} else if (reject_reasons & REJECT_NON_FF_OTHER) {
	advise_checkout_pull_push();
	} else if (reject_reasons & REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS) {
	advise_ref_already_exists();
	} else if (reject_reasons & REJECT_FETCH_FIRST) {
	advise_ref_fetch_first();
	} else if (reject_reasons & REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE) {
	advise_ref_needs_force();
	} else if (reject_reasons & REJECT_REF_NEEDS_UPDATE) {
	advise_ref_needs_update();
	}

	return 1;
	}

	static int do_push(int flags,
	const struct string_list *push_options,
	struct remote *remote)
	{
	int i, errs;
	const char **url;
	int url_nr;
	struct refspec *push_refspec = &rs;

	if (push_options->nr)
	flags \|= TRANSPORT_PUSH_OPTIONS;

	if (!push_refspec->nr && !(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL)) {
	if (remote->push.nr) {
	push_refspec = &remote->push;
	} else if (!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR))
	setup_default_push_refspecs(&flags, remote);
	}
	errs = 0;
	url_nr = push_url_of_remote(remote, &url);
	if (url_nr) {
	for (i = 0; i < url_nr; i++) {
	struct transport *transport =
	transport_get(remote, url[i]);
	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_OPTIONS)
	transport->push_options = push_options;
	if (push_with_options(transport, push_refspec, flags))
	errs++;
	}
	} else {
	struct transport *transport =
	transport_get(remote, NULL);
	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_OPTIONS)
	transport->push_options = push_options;
	if (push_with_options(transport, push_refspec, flags))
	errs++;
	}
	return !!errs;
	}

	static int option_parse_recurse_submodules(const struct option *opt,
	const char *arg, int unset)
	{
	int *recurse_submodules = opt->value;

	if (unset)
	*recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF;
	else {
	if (!strcmp(arg, "only-is-on-demand")) {
	if (*recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ONLY) {
	warning(_("recursing into submodule with push.recurseSubmodules=only; using on-demand instead"));
	*recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND;
	}
	} else {
	*recurse_submodules = parse_push_recurse_submodules_arg(opt->long_name, arg);
	}
	}

	return 0;
	}

	static void set_push_cert_flags(int *flags, int v)
	{
	switch (v) {
	case SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_NEVER:
	*flags &= ~(TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS \| TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED);
	break;
	case SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS:
	*flags \|= TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS;
	*flags &= ~TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED;
	break;
	case SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED:
	*flags \|= TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED;
	*flags &= ~TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS;
	break;
	}
	}


	static int git_push_config(const char k, const char v,
	const struct config_context ctx, void cb)
	{
	const char *slot_name;
	int *flags = cb;

	if (!strcmp(k, "push.followtags")) {
	if (git_config_bool(k, v))
	*flags \|= TRANSPORT_PUSH_FOLLOW_TAGS;
	else
	*flags &= ~TRANSPORT_PUSH_FOLLOW_TAGS;
	return 0;
	} else if (!strcmp(k, "push.autosetupremote")) {
	if (git_config_bool(k, v))
	*flags \|= TRANSPORT_PUSH_AUTO_UPSTREAM;
	return 0;
	} else if (!strcmp(k, "push.gpgsign")) {
	switch (git_parse_maybe_bool(v)) {
	case 0:
	set_push_cert_flags(flags, SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_NEVER);
	break;
	case 1:
	set_push_cert_flags(flags, SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS);
	break;
	default:
	if (!strcasecmp(v, "if-asked"))
	set_push_cert_flags(flags, SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED);
	else
	return error(_("invalid value for '%s'"), k);
	}
	} else if (!strcmp(k, "push.recursesubmodules")) {
	recurse_submodules = parse_push_recurse_submodules_arg(k, v);
	} else if (!strcmp(k, "submodule.recurse")) {
	int val = git_config_bool(k, v) ?
	RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND : RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF;
	recurse_submodules = val;
	} else if (!strcmp(k, "push.pushoption")) {
	if (!v)
	return config_error_nonbool(k);
	else
	if (!*v)
	string_list_clear(&push_options_config, 0);
	else
	string_list_append(&push_options_config, v);
	return 0;
	} else if (!strcmp(k, "color.push")) {
	push_use_color = git_config_colorbool(k, v);
	return 0;
	} else if (skip_prefix(k, "color.push.", &slot_name)) {
	int slot = parse_push_color_slot(slot_name);
	if (slot < 0)
	return 0;
	if (!v)
	return config_error_nonbool(k);
	return color_parse(v, push_colors[slot]);
	} else if (!strcmp(k, "push.useforceifincludes")) {
	if (git_config_bool(k, v))
	*flags \|= TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE_IF_INCLUDES;
	else
	*flags &= ~TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE_IF_INCLUDES;
	return 0;
	}

	return git_default_config(k, v, ctx, NULL);
	}

	int cmd_push(int argc, const char *argv, const char prefix)
	{
	int flags = 0;
	int tags = 0;
	int push_cert = -1;
	int rc;
	const char repo = NULL; / default repository */
	struct string_list push_options_cmdline = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
	struct string_list *push_options;
	const struct string_list_item *item;
	struct remote *remote;

	struct option options[] = {
	OPT__VERBOSITY(&verbosity),
	OPT_STRING( 0 , "repo", &repo, N_("repository"), N_("repository")),
	OPT_BIT( 0 , "all", &flags, N_("push all branches"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL),
	OPT_ALIAS( 0 , "branches", "all"),
	OPT_BIT( 0 , "mirror", &flags, N_("mirror all refs"),
	(TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR\|TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE)),
	OPT_BOOL('d', "delete", &deleterefs, N_("delete refs")),
	OPT_BOOL( 0 , "tags", &tags, N_("push tags (can't be used with --all or --branches or --mirror)")),
	OPT_BIT('n' , "dry-run", &flags, N_("dry run"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN),
	OPT_BIT( 0, "porcelain", &flags, N_("machine-readable output"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_PORCELAIN),
	OPT_BIT('f', "force", &flags, N_("force updates"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE),
	OPT_CALLBACK_F(0, "force-with-lease", &cas, N_("<refname>:<expect>"),
	N_("require old value of ref to be at this value"),
	PARSE_OPT_OPTARG \| PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP, parseopt_push_cas_option),
	OPT_BIT(0, TRANS_OPT_FORCE_IF_INCLUDES, &flags,
	N_("require remote updates to be integrated locally"),
	TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE_IF_INCLUDES),
	OPT_CALLBACK(0, "recurse-submodules", &recurse_submodules, "(check\|on-demand\|no)",
	N_("control recursive pushing of submodules"), option_parse_recurse_submodules),
	OPT_BOOL_F( 0 , "thin", &thin, N_("use thin pack"), PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE),
	OPT_STRING( 0 , "receive-pack", &receivepack, "receive-pack", N_("receive pack program")),
	OPT_STRING( 0 , "exec", &receivepack, "receive-pack", N_("receive pack program")),
	OPT_BIT('u', "set-upstream", &flags, N_("set upstream for git pull/status"),
	TRANSPORT_PUSH_SET_UPSTREAM),
	OPT_BOOL(0, "progress", &progress, N_("force progress reporting")),
	OPT_BIT(0, "prune", &flags, N_("prune locally removed refs"),
	TRANSPORT_PUSH_PRUNE),
	OPT_BIT(0, "no-verify", &flags, N_("bypass pre-push hook"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_NO_HOOK),
	OPT_BIT(0, "follow-tags", &flags, N_("push missing but relevant tags"),
	TRANSPORT_PUSH_FOLLOW_TAGS),
	OPT_CALLBACK_F(0, "signed", &push_cert, "(yes\|no\|if-asked)", N_("GPG sign the push"),
	PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, option_parse_push_signed),
	OPT_BIT(0, "atomic", &flags, N_("request atomic transaction on remote side"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_ATOMIC),
	OPT_STRING_LIST('o', "push-option", &push_options_cmdline, N_("server-specific"), N_("option to transmit")),
	OPT_IPVERSION(&family),
	OPT_END()
	};

	packet_trace_identity("push");
	git_config(git_push_config, &flags);
	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, push_usage, 0);
	push_options = (push_options_cmdline.nr
	? &push_options_cmdline
	: &push_options_config);
	set_push_cert_flags(&flags, push_cert);

	die_for_incompatible_opt4(deleterefs, "--delete",
	tags, "--tags",
	flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL, "--all/--branches",
	flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR, "--mirror");
	if (deleterefs && argc < 2)
	die(_("--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"));

	if (recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_CHECK)
	flags \|= TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_CHECK;
	else if (recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND)
	flags \|= TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND;
	else if (recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ONLY)
	flags \|= TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ONLY;

	if (tags)
	refspec_append(&rs, "refs/tags/*");

	if (argc > 0) {
	repo = argv[0];
	set_refspecs(argv + 1, argc - 1, repo);
	}

	remote = pushremote_get(repo);
	if (!remote) {
	if (repo)
	die(_("bad repository '%s'"), repo);
	die(_("No configured push destination.\n"
	"Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote repository using\n"
	"\n"
	" git remote add <name> <url>\n"
	"\n"
	"and then push using the remote name\n"
	"\n"
	" git push <name>\n"));
	}

	if (remote->mirror)
	flags \|= (TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR\|TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE);

	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL) {
	if (argc >= 2)
	die(_("--all can't be combined with refspecs"));
	}
	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR) {
	if (argc >= 2)
	die(_("--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"));
	}

	if (!is_empty_cas(&cas) && (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE_IF_INCLUDES))
	cas.use_force_if_includes = 1;

	for_each_string_list_item(item, push_options)
	if (strchr(item->string, '\n'))
	die(_("push options must not have new line characters"));

	rc = do_push(flags, push_options, remote);
	string_list_clear(&push_options_cmdline, 0);
	string_list_clear(&push_options_config, 0);
	if (rc == -1)
	usage_with_options(push_usage, options);
	else
	return rc;
	}