Merge branch 'rs/use-argv-array-in-child-process'

Code cleanup.

* rs/use-argv-array-in-child-process:
  send-pack: use internal argv_array of struct child_process
  http: use internal argv_array of struct child_process
diff --git a/.travis.yml b/.travis.yml
index 281f101..7c9aa05 100644
--- a/.travis.yml
+++ b/.travis.yml
@@ -21,30 +21,14 @@
     - git-svn
     - apache2
 
-env:
-  global:
-    - DEVELOPER=1
-    # The Linux build installs the defined dependency versions below.
-    # The OS X build installs the latest available versions. Keep that
-    # in mind when you encounter a broken OS X build!
-    - LINUX_P4_VERSION="16.2"
-    - LINUX_GIT_LFS_VERSION="1.5.2"
-    - DEFAULT_TEST_TARGET=prove
-    - GIT_PROVE_OPTS="--timer --jobs 3 --state=failed,slow,save"
-    - GIT_TEST_OPTS="--verbose-log"
-    - GIT_TEST_CLONE_2GB=YesPlease
-    # t9810 occasionally fails on Travis CI OS X
-    # t9816 occasionally fails with "TAP out of sequence errors" on Travis CI OS X
-    - GIT_SKIP_TESTS="t9810 t9816"
-
 matrix:
   include:
-    - env: GETTEXT_POISON=YesPlease
+    - env: jobname=GETTEXT_POISON
       os: linux
       compiler:
       addons:
       before_install:
-    - env: Windows
+    - env: jobname=Windows
       os: linux
       compiler:
       addons:
@@ -55,7 +39,7 @@
           test "$TRAVIS_REPO_SLUG" != "git/git" ||
           ci/run-windows-build.sh $TRAVIS_BRANCH $(git rev-parse HEAD)
       after_failure:
-    - env: Linux32
+    - env: jobname=Linux32
       os: linux
       compiler:
       services:
@@ -63,7 +47,7 @@
       before_install:
       before_script:
       script: ci/run-linux32-docker.sh
-    - env: Static Analysis
+    - env: jobname=StaticAnalysis
       os: linux
       compiler:
       addons:
@@ -74,7 +58,7 @@
       before_script:
       script: ci/run-static-analysis.sh
       after_failure:
-    - env: Documentation
+    - env: jobname=Documentation
       os: linux
       compiler:
       addons:
diff --git a/Documentation/Makefile b/Documentation/Makefile
index 2ab6556..4ae9ba5 100644
--- a/Documentation/Makefile
+++ b/Documentation/Makefile
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
 MAN_TXT = $(MAN1_TXT) $(MAN5_TXT) $(MAN7_TXT)
 MAN_XML = $(patsubst %.txt,%.xml,$(MAN_TXT))
 MAN_HTML = $(patsubst %.txt,%.html,$(MAN_TXT))
+GIT_MAN_REF = master
 
 OBSOLETE_HTML += everyday.html
 OBSOLETE_HTML += git-remote-helpers.html
@@ -437,14 +438,14 @@
 	then echo "git-manpages repository must exist at $(MAN_REPO)"; exit 1; fi
 
 quick-install-man: require-manrepo
-	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-doc-quick.sh $(MAN_REPO) $(DESTDIR)$(mandir)
+	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-doc-quick.sh $(MAN_REPO) $(DESTDIR)$(mandir) $(GIT_MAN_REF)
 
 require-htmlrepo::
 	@if test ! -d $(HTML_REPO); \
 	then echo "git-htmldocs repository must exist at $(HTML_REPO)"; exit 1; fi
 
 quick-install-html: require-htmlrepo
-	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-doc-quick.sh $(HTML_REPO) $(DESTDIR)$(htmldir)
+	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-doc-quick.sh $(HTML_REPO) $(DESTDIR)$(htmldir) $(GIT_MAN_REF)
 
 print-man1:
 	@for i in $(MAN1_TXT); do echo $$i; done
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.0.txt
index 073a126..8f0461e 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.0.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.0.txt
@@ -120,6 +120,31 @@
    who are used to seeing abbreviated object names and find them
    confusing with the range syntax.
 
+ * With a configuration variable rebase.abbreviateCommands set,
+   "git rebase -i" produces the todo list with a single-letter
+   command names.
+
+ * "git worktree add" learned to run the post-checkout hook, just like
+   "git checkout" does, after the initial checkout.
+
+ * "git svn" has been updated to strip CRs in the commit messages, as
+   recent versions of Subversion rejects them.
+
+ * "git imap-send" did not correctly quote the folder name when
+   making a request to the server, which has been corrected.
+
+ * Error messages from "git rebase" have been somewhat cleaned up.
+
+ * Git has been taught to support an https:// URL used for http.proxy
+   when using recent versions of libcurl.
+
+ * "git merge" learned to pay attention to merge.verifySignatures
+   configuration variable and pretend as if '--verify-signatures'
+   option was given from the command line.
+
+ * "git describe" was taught to dig trees deeper to find a
+   <commit-ish>:<path> that refers to a given blob object.
+
 
 Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
 
@@ -183,6 +208,23 @@
  * The tracing infrastructure has been optimized for cases where no
    tracing is requested.
 
+ * In preparation for implementing narrow/partial clone, the object
+   walking machinery has been taught a way to tell it to "filter" some
+   objects from enumeration.
+
+ * A few structures and variables that are implementation details of
+   the decorate API have been renamed and then the API got documented
+   better.
+
+ * Assorted updates for TravisCI integration.
+   (merge 4f26366679 sg/travis-fixes later to maint).
+
+ * Introduce a helper to simplify code to parse a common pattern that
+   expects either "--key" or "--key=<something>".
+
+ * "git version --build-options" learned to report the host CPU and
+   the exact commit object name the binary was built from.
+
 Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
 
 
@@ -374,6 +416,23 @@
    lost.
    (merge abfb04d0c7 ls/editor-waiting-message later to maint).
 
+ * The "safe crlf" check incorrectly triggered for contents that does
+   not use CRLF as line endings, which has been corrected.
+   (merge 649f1f0948 tb/check-crlf-for-safe-crlf later to maint).
+
+ * "git clone --shared" to borrow from a (secondary) worktree did not
+   work, even though "git clone --local" did.  Both are now accepted.
+   (merge b3b05971c1 es/clone-shared-worktree later to maint).
+
+ * The build procedure now allows not just the repositories but also
+   the refs to be used to take pre-formatted manpages and html
+   documents to install.
+   (merge 65289e9dcd rb/quick-install-doc later to maint).
+
+ * Update the shell prompt script (in contrib/) to strip trailing CR
+   from strings read from various "state" files.
+   (merge 041fe8fc83 ra/prompt-eread-fix later to maint).
+
  * Other minor doc, test and build updates and code cleanups.
    (merge 1a1fc2d5b5 rd/man-prune-progress later to maint).
    (merge 0ba014035a rd/man-reflog-add-n later to maint).
@@ -384,3 +443,16 @@
    (merge 5e83cca0b8 jk/no-optional-locks later to maint).
    (merge 826c778f7c js/hashmap-update-sample later to maint).
    (merge 176b2d328c sg/setup-doc-update later to maint).
+   (merge 1b09073514 rs/am-builtin-leakfix later to maint).
+   (merge addcf6cfde rs/fmt-merge-msg-string-leak-fix later to maint).
+   (merge c3ff8f6c14 rs/strbuf-read-once-reset-length later to maint).
+   (merge 6b0eb884f9 db/doc-workflows-neuter-the-maintainer later to maint).
+   (merge 8c87bdfb21 jk/cvsimport-quoting later to maint).
+   (merge 176cb979fe rs/fmt-merge-msg-leakfix later to maint).
+   (merge 5a03360e73 tb/delimit-pretty-trailers-args-with-comma later to maint).
+   (merge d0e6326026 ot/pretty later to maint).
+   (merge 44103f4197 sb/test-helper-excludes later to maint).
+   (merge 170078693f jt/transport-no-more-rsync later to maint).
+   (merge c07b3adff1 bw/path-doc later to maint).
+   (merge bf9d7df950 tz/lib-git-svn-svnserve-tests later to maint).
+   (merge dec366c9a8 sr/http-sslverify-config-doc later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt
index b18c0f9..0e25b2c 100644
--- a/Documentation/config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config.txt
@@ -41,11 +41,13 @@
 --------
 
 Subsection names are case sensitive and can contain any characters except
-newline (doublequote `"` and backslash can be included by escaping them
-as `\"` and `\\`, respectively).  Section headers cannot span multiple
-lines.  Variables may belong directly to a section or to a given subsection.
-You can have `[section]` if you have `[section "subsection"]`, but you
-don't need to.
+newline and the null byte. Doublequote `"` and backslash can be included
+by escaping them as `\"` and `\\`, respectively. Backslashes preceding
+other characters are dropped when reading; for example, `\t` is read as
+`t` and `\0` is read as `0` Section headers cannot span multiple lines.
+Variables may belong directly to a section or to a given subsection. You
+can have `[section]` if you have `[section "subsection"]`, but you don't
+need to.
 
 There is also a deprecated `[section.subsection]` syntax. With this
 syntax, the subsection name is converted to lower-case and is also
@@ -1968,8 +1970,8 @@
 
 http.sslVerify::
 	Whether to verify the SSL certificate when fetching or pushing
-	over HTTPS. Can be overridden by the `GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY` environment
-	variable.
+	over HTTPS. Defaults to true. Can be overridden by the
+	`GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY` environment variable.
 
 http.sslCert::
 	File containing the SSL certificate when fetching or pushing
@@ -2736,36 +2738,7 @@
 	is retained. You may override this configuration at time of push by
 	specifying '--recurse-submodules=check|on-demand|no'.
 
-rebase.stat::
-	Whether to show a diffstat of what changed upstream since the last
-	rebase. False by default.
-
-rebase.autoSquash::
-	If set to true enable `--autosquash` option by default.
-
-rebase.autoStash::
-	When set to true, automatically create a temporary stash entry
-	before the operation begins, and apply it after the operation
-	ends.  This means that you can run rebase on a dirty worktree.
-	However, use with care: the final stash application after a
-	successful rebase might result in non-trivial conflicts.
-	Defaults to false.
-
-rebase.missingCommitsCheck::
-	If set to "warn", git rebase -i will print a warning if some
-	commits are removed (e.g. a line was deleted), however the
-	rebase will still proceed. If set to "error", it will print
-	the previous warning and stop the rebase, 'git rebase
-	--edit-todo' can then be used to correct the error. If set to
-	"ignore", no checking is done.
-	To drop a commit without warning or error, use the `drop`
-	command in the todo-list.
-	Defaults to "ignore".
-
-rebase.instructionFormat::
-	A format string, as specified in linkgit:git-log[1], to be used for
-	the instruction list during an interactive rebase.  The format will automatically
-	have the long commit hash prepended to the format.
+include::rebase-config.txt[]
 
 receive.advertiseAtomic::
 	By default, git-receive-pack will advertise the atomic push
diff --git a/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt b/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt
index cf0a0b7..d9de992 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt
@@ -79,16 +79,21 @@
 
 With the `--branch` option, the command takes a name and checks if
 it can be used as a valid branch name (e.g. when creating a new
-branch).  The rule `git check-ref-format --branch $name` implements
+branch). But be cautious when using the
+previous checkout syntax that may refer to a detached HEAD state.
+The rule `git check-ref-format --branch $name` implements
 may be stricter than what `git check-ref-format refs/heads/$name`
 says (e.g. a dash may appear at the beginning of a ref component,
 but it is explicitly forbidden at the beginning of a branch name).
 When run with `--branch` option in a repository, the input is first
-expanded for the ``previous branch syntax''
-`@{-n}`.  For example, `@{-1}` is a way to refer the last branch you
-were on.  This option should be used by porcelains to accept this
-syntax anywhere a branch name is expected, so they can act as if you
-typed the branch name.
+expanded for the ``previous checkout syntax''
+`@{-n}`.  For example, `@{-1}` is a way to refer the last thing that
+was checked out using "git checkout" operation. This option should be
+used by porcelains to accept this syntax anywhere a branch name is
+expected, so they can act as if you typed the branch name. As an
+exception note that, the ``previous checkout operation'' might result
+in a commit object name when the N-th last thing checked out was not
+a branch.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -116,7 +121,7 @@
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 
-* Print the name of the previous branch:
+* Print the name of the previous thing checked out:
 +
 ------------
 $ git check-ref-format --branch @{-1}
diff --git a/Documentation/git-describe.txt b/Documentation/git-describe.txt
index c924c94..e027fb8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-describe.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-describe.txt
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-describe - Describe a commit using the most recent tag reachable from it
-
+git-describe - Give an object a human readable name based on an available ref
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git describe' [--all] [--tags] [--contains] [--abbrev=<n>] [<commit-ish>...]
 'git describe' [--all] [--tags] [--contains] [--abbrev=<n>] --dirty[=<mark>]
+'git describe' <blob>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -24,6 +24,12 @@
 annotated tags.  For more information about creating annotated tags
 see the -a and -s options to linkgit:git-tag[1].
 
+If the given object refers to a blob, it will be described
+as `<commit-ish>:<path>`, such that the blob can be found
+at `<path>` in the `<commit-ish>`, which itself describes the
+first commit in which this blob occurs in a reverse revision walk
+from HEAD.
+
 OPTIONS
 -------
 <commit-ish>...::
@@ -186,6 +192,14 @@
 the number of commits which would be shown by `git log tag..input`
 will be the smallest number of commits possible.
 
+BUGS
+----
+
+Tree objects as well as tag objects not pointing at commits, cannot be described.
+When describing blobs, the lightweight tags pointing at blobs are ignored,
+but the blob is still described as <committ-ish>:<path> despite the lightweight
+tag being favorable.
+
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-p4.txt b/Documentation/git-p4.txt
index 7436c64..d8c8f11 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-p4.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-p4.txt
@@ -157,6 +157,12 @@
 according to the author of the Git commit.  This option requires admin
 privileges in p4, which can be granted using 'p4 protect'.
 
+To shelve changes instead of submitting, use `--shelve` and `--update-shelve`:
+
+----
+$ git p4 submit --shelve
+$ git p4 submit --update-shelve 1234 --update-shelve 2345
+----
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -310,7 +316,7 @@
 
 --update-shelve CHANGELIST::
 	Update an existing shelved changelist with this commit. Implies
-	--shelve.
+	--shelve. Repeat for multiple shelved changelists.
 
 --conflict=(ask|skip|quit)::
 	Conflicts can occur when applying a commit to p4.  When this
diff --git a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
index 473a161..aa403d0 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@
 'git pack-objects' [-q | --progress | --all-progress] [--all-progress-implied]
 	[--no-reuse-delta] [--delta-base-offset] [--non-empty]
 	[--local] [--incremental] [--window=<n>] [--depth=<n>]
-	[--revs [--unpacked | --all]] [--stdout | base-name]
+	[--revs [--unpacked | --all]]
+	[--stdout [--filter=<filter-spec>] | base-name]
 	[--shallow] [--keep-true-parents] < object-list
 
 
@@ -236,6 +237,25 @@
 	With this option, parents that are hidden by grafts are packed
 	nevertheless.
 
+--filter=<filter-spec>::
+	Requires `--stdout`.  Omits certain objects (usually blobs) from
+	the resulting packfile.  See linkgit:git-rev-list[1] for valid
+	`<filter-spec>` forms.
+
+--no-filter::
+	Turns off any previous `--filter=` argument.
+
+--missing=<missing-action>::
+	A debug option to help with future "partial clone" development.
+	This option specifies how missing objects are handled.
++
+The form '--missing=error' requests that pack-objects stop with an error if
+a missing object is encountered.  This is the default action.
++
+The form '--missing=allow-any' will allow object traversal to continue
+if a missing object is encountered.  Missing objects will silently be
+omitted from the results.
+
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-rev-list[1]
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
index 3cedfb0..8a861c1 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
@@ -203,24 +203,7 @@
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 
-rebase.stat::
-	Whether to show a diffstat of what changed upstream since the last
-	rebase. False by default.
-
-rebase.autoSquash::
-	If set to true enable `--autosquash` option by default.
-
-rebase.autoStash::
-	If set to true enable `--autostash` option by default.
-
-rebase.missingCommitsCheck::
-	If set to "warn", print warnings about removed commits in
-	interactive mode. If set to "error", print the warnings and
-	stop the rebase. If set to "ignore", no checking is
-	done. "ignore" by default.
-
-rebase.instructionFormat::
-	Custom commit list format to use during an `--interactive` rebase.
+include::rebase-config.txt[]
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt b/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt
index ef22f17..88609ff 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt
@@ -47,7 +47,9 @@
 	     [ --fixed-strings | -F ]
 	     [ --date=<format>]
 	     [ [ --objects | --objects-edge | --objects-edge-aggressive ]
-	       [ --unpacked ] ]
+	       [ --unpacked ]
+	       [ --filter=<filter-spec> [ --filter-print-omitted ] ] ]
+	     [ --missing=<missing-action> ]
 	     [ --pretty | --header ]
 	     [ --bisect ]
 	     [ --bisect-vars ]
diff --git a/Documentation/githooks.txt b/Documentation/githooks.txt
index b63f2ea..f877f7b 100644
--- a/Documentation/githooks.txt
+++ b/Documentation/githooks.txt
@@ -170,7 +170,8 @@
 
 It is also run after 'git clone', unless the --no-checkout (-n) option is
 used. The first parameter given to the hook is the null-ref, the second the
-ref of the new HEAD and the flag is always 1.
+ref of the new HEAD and the flag is always 1. Likewise for 'git worktree add'
+unless --no-checkout is used.
 
 This hook can be used to perform repository validity checks, auto-display
 differences from the previous HEAD if different, or set working dir metadata
diff --git a/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt b/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt
index 02569d0..926e044 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt
@@ -407,8 +407,8 @@
 `git pull <url> <branch>`
 =====================================
 
-Occasionally, the maintainer may get merge conflicts when he tries to
-pull changes from downstream.  In this case, he can ask downstream to
+Occasionally, the maintainer may get merge conflicts when they try to
+pull changes from downstream.  In this case, they can ask downstream to
 do the merge and resolve the conflicts themselves (perhaps they will
 know better how to resolve them).  It is one of the rare cases where
 downstream 'should' merge from upstream.
diff --git a/Documentation/install-doc-quick.sh b/Documentation/install-doc-quick.sh
index 327f69b..17231d8 100755
--- a/Documentation/install-doc-quick.sh
+++ b/Documentation/install-doc-quick.sh
@@ -3,11 +3,12 @@
 
 repository=${1?repository}
 destdir=${2?destination}
+GIT_MAN_REF=${3?master}
 
-head=master GIT_DIR=
+GIT_DIR=
 for d in "$repository/.git" "$repository"
 do
-	if GIT_DIR="$d" git rev-parse refs/heads/master >/dev/null 2>&1
+	if GIT_DIR="$d" git rev-parse "$GIT_MAN_REF" >/dev/null 2>&1
 	then
 		GIT_DIR="$d"
 		export GIT_DIR
@@ -27,12 +28,12 @@
 rm -f "$GIT_INDEX_FILE"
 trap 'rm -f "$GIT_INDEX_FILE"' 0
 
-git read-tree $head
+git read-tree "$GIT_MAN_REF"
 git checkout-index -a -f --prefix="$destdir"/
 
 if test -n "$GZ"
 then
-	git ls-tree -r --name-only $head |
+	git ls-tree -r --name-only "$GIT_MAN_REF" |
 	xargs printf "$destdir/%s\n" |
 	xargs gzip -f
 fi
diff --git a/Documentation/merge-config.txt b/Documentation/merge-config.txt
index df3ea37..12b6bbf 100644
--- a/Documentation/merge-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/merge-config.txt
@@ -26,6 +26,10 @@
 	allowed (equivalent to giving the `--ff-only` option from the
 	command line).
 
+merge.verifySignatures::
+	If true, this is equivalent to the --verify-signatures command
+	line option. See linkgit:git-merge[1] for details.
+
 include::fmt-merge-msg-config.txt[]
 
 merge.renameLimit::
diff --git a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
index d433d50..e664c08 100644
--- a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
+++ b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
@@ -204,11 +204,13 @@
   than given and there are spaces on its left, use those spaces
 - '%><(<N>)', '%><|(<N>)': similar to '% <(<N>)', '%<|(<N>)'
   respectively, but padding both sides (i.e. the text is centered)
-- %(trailers): display the trailers of the body as interpreted by
-  linkgit:git-interpret-trailers[1]. If the `:only` option is given,
-  omit non-trailer lines from the trailer block.  If the `:unfold`
-  option is given, behave as if interpret-trailer's `--unfold` option
-  was given. E.g., `%(trailers:only:unfold)` to do both.
+- %(trailers[:options]): display the trailers of the body as interpreted
+  by linkgit:git-interpret-trailers[1]. The `trailers` string may be
+  followed by a colon and zero or more comma-separated options. If the
+  `only` option is given, omit non-trailer lines from the trailer block.
+  If the `unfold` option is given, behave as if interpret-trailer's
+  `--unfold` option was given.  E.g., `%(trailers:only,unfold)` to do
+  both.
 
 NOTE: Some placeholders may depend on other options given to the
 revision traversal engine. For example, the `%g*` reflog options will
diff --git a/Documentation/rebase-config.txt b/Documentation/rebase-config.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..42e1ba7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/rebase-config.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+rebase.stat::
+	Whether to show a diffstat of what changed upstream since the last
+	rebase. False by default.
+
+rebase.autoSquash::
+	If set to true enable `--autosquash` option by default.
+
+rebase.autoStash::
+	When set to true, automatically create a temporary stash entry
+	before the operation begins, and apply it after the operation
+	ends.  This means that you can run rebase on a dirty worktree.
+	However, use with care: the final stash application after a
+	successful rebase might result in non-trivial conflicts.
+	This option can be overridden by the `--no-autostash` and
+	`--autostash` options of linkgit:git-rebase[1].
+	Defaults to false.
+
+rebase.missingCommitsCheck::
+	If set to "warn", git rebase -i will print a warning if some
+	commits are removed (e.g. a line was deleted), however the
+	rebase will still proceed. If set to "error", it will print
+	the previous warning and stop the rebase, 'git rebase
+	--edit-todo' can then be used to correct the error. If set to
+	"ignore", no checking is done.
+	To drop a commit without warning or error, use the `drop`
+	command in the todo list.
+	Defaults to "ignore".
+
+rebase.instructionFormat::
+	A format string, as specified in linkgit:git-log[1], to be used for the
+	todo list during an interactive rebase.  The format will
+	automatically have the long commit hash prepended to the format.
+
+rebase.abbreviateCommands::
+	If set to true, `git rebase` will use abbreviated command names in the
+	todo list resulting in something like this:
++
+-------------------------------------------
+	p deadbee The oneline of the commit
+	p fa1afe1 The oneline of the next commit
+	...
+-------------------------------------------
++
+instead of:
++
+-------------------------------------------
+	pick deadbee The oneline of the commit
+	pick fa1afe1 The oneline of the next commit
+	...
+-------------------------------------------
++
+Defaults to false.
diff --git a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
index 13501e1..22f5c9b 100644
--- a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
@@ -686,6 +686,11 @@
 	all object IDs which I need to download if I have the commit
 	object _bar_ but not _foo_''.
 
+--in-commit-order::
+	Print tree and blob ids in order of the commits. The tree
+	and blob ids are printed after they are first referenced
+	by a commit.
+
 --objects-edge::
 	Similar to `--objects`, but also print the IDs of excluded
 	commits prefixed with a ``-'' character.  This is used by
@@ -706,6 +711,47 @@
 --unpacked::
 	Only useful with `--objects`; print the object IDs that are not
 	in packs.
+
+--filter=<filter-spec>::
+	Only useful with one of the `--objects*`; omits objects (usually
+	blobs) from the list of printed objects.  The '<filter-spec>'
+	may be one of the following:
++
+The form '--filter=blob:none' omits all blobs.
++
+The form '--filter=blob:limit=<n>[kmg]' omits blobs larger than n bytes
+or units.  n may be zero.  The suffixes k, m, and g can be used to name
+units in KiB, MiB, or GiB.  For example, 'blob:limit=1k' is the same
+as 'blob:limit=1024'.
++
+The form '--filter=sparse:oid=<blob-ish>' uses a sparse-checkout
+specification contained in the blob (or blob-expression) '<blob-ish>'
+to omit blobs that would not be not required for a sparse checkout on
+the requested refs.
++
+The form '--filter=sparse:path=<path>' similarly uses a sparse-checkout
+specification contained in <path>.
+
+--no-filter::
+	Turn off any previous `--filter=` argument.
+
+--filter-print-omitted::
+	Only useful with `--filter=`; prints a list of the objects omitted
+	by the filter.	Object IDs are prefixed with a ``~'' character.
+
+--missing=<missing-action>::
+	A debug option to help with future "partial clone" development.
+	This option specifies how missing objects are handled.
++
+The form '--missing=error' requests that rev-list stop with an error if
+a missing object is encountered.  This is the default action.
++
+The form '--missing=allow-any' will allow object traversal to continue
+if a missing object is encountered.  Missing objects will silently be
+omitted from the results.
++
+The form '--missing=print' is like 'allow-any', but will also print a
+list of the missing objects.  Object IDs are prefixed with a ``?'' character.
 endif::git-rev-list[]
 
 --no-walk[=(sorted|unsorted)]::
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-decorate.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-decorate.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 1d52a6c..0000000
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-decorate.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-decorate API
-============
-
-Talk about <decorate.h>
-
-(Linus)
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/partial-clone.txt b/Documentation/technical/partial-clone.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0bed247
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/partial-clone.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
+Partial Clone Design Notes
+==========================
+
+The "Partial Clone" feature is a performance optimization for Git that
+allows Git to function without having a complete copy of the repository.
+The goal of this work is to allow Git better handle extremely large
+repositories.
+
+During clone and fetch operations, Git downloads the complete contents
+and history of the repository.  This includes all commits, trees, and
+blobs for the complete life of the repository.  For extremely large
+repositories, clones can take hours (or days) and consume 100+GiB of disk
+space.
+
+Often in these repositories there are many blobs and trees that the user
+does not need such as:
+
+  1. files outside of the user's work area in the tree.  For example, in
+     a repository with 500K directories and 3.5M files in every commit,
+     we can avoid downloading many objects if the user only needs a
+     narrow "cone" of the source tree.
+
+  2. large binary assets.  For example, in a repository where large build
+     artifacts are checked into the tree, we can avoid downloading all
+     previous versions of these non-mergeable binary assets and only
+     download versions that are actually referenced.
+
+Partial clone allows us to avoid downloading such unneeded objects *in
+advance* during clone and fetch operations and thereby reduce download
+times and disk usage.  Missing objects can later be "demand fetched"
+if/when needed.
+
+Use of partial clone requires that the user be online and the origin
+remote be available for on-demand fetching of missing objects.  This may
+or may not be problematic for the user.  For example, if the user can
+stay within the pre-selected subset of the source tree, they may not
+encounter any missing objects.  Alternatively, the user could try to
+pre-fetch various objects if they know that they are going offline.
+
+
+Non-Goals
+---------
+
+Partial clone is a mechanism to limit the number of blobs and trees downloaded
+*within* a given range of commits -- and is therefore independent of and not
+intended to conflict with existing DAG-level mechanisms to limit the set of
+requested commits (i.e. shallow clone, single branch, or fetch '<refspec>').
+
+
+Design Overview
+---------------
+
+Partial clone logically consists of the following parts:
+
+- A mechanism for the client to describe unneeded or unwanted objects to
+  the server.
+
+- A mechanism for the server to omit such unwanted objects from packfiles
+  sent to the client.
+
+- A mechanism for the client to gracefully handle missing objects (that
+  were previously omitted by the server).
+
+- A mechanism for the client to backfill missing objects as needed.
+
+
+Design Details
+--------------
+
+- A new pack-protocol capability "filter" is added to the fetch-pack and
+  upload-pack negotiation.
+
+  This uses the existing capability discovery mechanism.
+  See "filter" in Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt.
+
+- Clients pass a "filter-spec" to clone and fetch which is passed to the
+  server to request filtering during packfile construction.
+
+  There are various filters available to accommodate different situations.
+  See "--filter=<filter-spec>" in Documentation/rev-list-options.txt.
+
+- On the server pack-objects applies the requested filter-spec as it
+  creates "filtered" packfiles for the client.
+
+  These filtered packfiles are *incomplete* in the traditional sense because
+  they may contain objects that reference objects not contained in the
+  packfile and that the client doesn't already have.  For example, the
+  filtered packfile may contain trees or tags that reference missing blobs
+  or commits that reference missing trees.
+
+- On the client these incomplete packfiles are marked as "promisor packfiles"
+  and treated differently by various commands.
+
+- On the client a repository extension is added to the local config to
+  prevent older versions of git from failing mid-operation because of
+  missing objects that they cannot handle.
+  See "extensions.partialClone" in Documentation/technical/repository-version.txt"
+
+
+Handling Missing Objects
+------------------------
+
+- An object may be missing due to a partial clone or fetch, or missing due
+  to repository corruption.  To differentiate these cases, the local
+  repository specially indicates such filtered packfiles obtained from the
+  promisor remote as "promisor packfiles".
+
+  These promisor packfiles consist of a "<name>.promisor" file with
+  arbitrary contents (like the "<name>.keep" files), in addition to
+  their "<name>.pack" and "<name>.idx" files.
+
+- The local repository considers a "promisor object" to be an object that
+  it knows (to the best of its ability) that the promisor remote has promised
+  that it has, either because the local repository has that object in one of
+  its promisor packfiles, or because another promisor object refers to it.
+
+  When Git encounters a missing object, Git can see if it a promisor object
+  and handle it appropriately.  If not, Git can report a corruption.
+
+  This means that there is no need for the client to explicitly maintain an
+  expensive-to-modify list of missing objects.[a]
+
+- Since almost all Git code currently expects any referenced object to be
+  present locally and because we do not want to force every command to do
+  a dry-run first, a fallback mechanism is added to allow Git to attempt
+  to dynamically fetch missing objects from the promisor remote.
+
+  When the normal object lookup fails to find an object, Git invokes
+  fetch-object to try to get the object from the server and then retry
+  the object lookup.  This allows objects to be "faulted in" without
+  complicated prediction algorithms.
+
+  For efficiency reasons, no check as to whether the missing object is
+  actually a promisor object is performed.
+
+  Dynamic object fetching tends to be slow as objects are fetched one at
+  a time.
+
+- `checkout` (and any other command using `unpack-trees`) has been taught
+  to bulk pre-fetch all required missing blobs in a single batch.
+
+- `rev-list` has been taught to print missing objects.
+
+  This can be used by other commands to bulk prefetch objects.
+  For example, a "git log -p A..B" may internally want to first do
+  something like "git rev-list --objects --quiet --missing=print A..B"
+  and prefetch those objects in bulk.
+
+- `fsck` has been updated to be fully aware of promisor objects.
+
+- `repack` in GC has been updated to not touch promisor packfiles at all,
+  and to only repack other objects.
+
+- The global variable "fetch_if_missing" is used to control whether an
+  object lookup will attempt to dynamically fetch a missing object or
+  report an error.
+
+  We are not happy with this global variable and would like to remove it,
+  but that requires significant refactoring of the object code to pass an
+  additional flag.  We hope that concurrent efforts to add an ODB API can
+  encompass this.
+
+
+Fetching Missing Objects
+------------------------
+
+- Fetching of objects is done using the existing transport mechanism using
+  transport_fetch_refs(), setting a new transport option
+  TRANS_OPT_NO_DEPENDENTS to indicate that only the objects themselves are
+  desired, not any object that they refer to.
+
+  Because some transports invoke fetch_pack() in the same process, fetch_pack()
+  has been updated to not use any object flags when the corresponding argument
+  (no_dependents) is set.
+
+- The local repository sends a request with the hashes of all requested
+  objects as "want" lines, and does not perform any packfile negotiation.
+  It then receives a packfile.
+
+- Because we are reusing the existing fetch-pack mechanism, fetching
+  currently fetches all objects referred to by the requested objects, even
+  though they are not necessary.
+
+
+Current Limitations
+-------------------
+
+- The remote used for a partial clone (or the first partial fetch
+  following a regular clone) is marked as the "promisor remote".
+
+  We are currently limited to a single promisor remote and only that
+  remote may be used for subsequent partial fetches.
+
+  We accept this limitation because we believe initial users of this
+  feature will be using it on repositories with a strong single central
+  server.
+
+- Dynamic object fetching will only ask the promisor remote for missing
+  objects.  We assume that the promisor remote has a complete view of the
+  repository and can satisfy all such requests.
+
+- Repack essentially treats promisor and non-promisor packfiles as 2
+  distinct partitions and does not mix them.  Repack currently only works
+  on non-promisor packfiles and loose objects.
+
+- Dynamic object fetching invokes fetch-pack once *for each item*
+  because most algorithms stumble upon a missing object and need to have
+  it resolved before continuing their work.  This may incur significant
+  overhead -- and multiple authentication requests -- if many objects are
+  needed.
+
+- Dynamic object fetching currently uses the existing pack protocol V0
+  which means that each object is requested via fetch-pack.  The server
+  will send a full set of info/refs when the connection is established.
+  If there are large number of refs, this may incur significant overhead.
+
+
+Future Work
+-----------
+
+- Allow more than one promisor remote and define a strategy for fetching
+  missing objects from specific promisor remotes or of iterating over the
+  set of promisor remotes until a missing object is found.
+
+  A user might want to have multiple geographically-close cache servers
+  for fetching missing blobs while continuing to do filtered `git-fetch`
+  commands from the central server, for example.
+
+  Or the user might want to work in a triangular work flow with multiple
+  promisor remotes that each have an incomplete view of the repository.
+
+- Allow repack to work on promisor packfiles (while keeping them distinct
+  from non-promisor packfiles).
+
+- Allow non-pathname-based filters to make use of packfile bitmaps (when
+  present).  This was just an omission during the initial implementation.
+
+- Investigate use of a long-running process to dynamically fetch a series
+  of objects, such as proposed in [5,6] to reduce process startup and
+  overhead costs.
+
+  It would be nice if pack protocol V2 could allow that long-running
+  process to make a series of requests over a single long-running
+  connection.
+
+- Investigate pack protocol V2 to avoid the info/refs broadcast on
+  each connection with the server to dynamically fetch missing objects.
+
+- Investigate the need to handle loose promisor objects.
+
+  Objects in promisor packfiles are allowed to reference missing objects
+  that can be dynamically fetched from the server.  An assumption was
+  made that loose objects are only created locally and therefore should
+  not reference a missing object.  We may need to revisit that assumption
+  if, for example, we dynamically fetch a missing tree and store it as a
+  loose object rather than a single object packfile.
+
+  This does not necessarily mean we need to mark loose objects as promisor;
+  it may be sufficient to relax the object lookup or is-promisor functions.
+
+
+Non-Tasks
+---------
+
+- Every time the subject of "demand loading blobs" comes up it seems
+  that someone suggests that the server be allowed to "guess" and send
+  additional objects that may be related to the requested objects.
+
+  No work has gone into actually doing that; we're just documenting that
+  it is a common suggestion.  We're not sure how it would work and have
+  no plans to work on it.
+
+  It is valid for the server to send more objects than requested (even
+  for a dynamic object fetch), but we are not building on that.
+
+
+Footnotes
+---------
+
+[a] expensive-to-modify list of missing objects:  Earlier in the design of
+    partial clone we discussed the need for a single list of missing objects.
+    This would essentially be a sorted linear list of OIDs that the were
+    omitted by the server during a clone or subsequent fetches.
+
+    This file would need to be loaded into memory on every object lookup.
+    It would need to be read, updated, and re-written (like the .git/index)
+    on every explicit "git fetch" command *and* on any dynamic object fetch.
+
+    The cost to read, update, and write this file could add significant
+    overhead to every command if there are many missing objects.  For example,
+    if there are 100M missing blobs, this file would be at least 2GiB on disk.
+
+    With the "promisor" concept, we *infer* a missing object based upon the
+    type of packfile that references it.
+
+
+Related Links
+-------------
+[0] https://bugs.chromium.org/p/git/issues/detail?id=2
+    Chromium work item for: Partial Clone
+
+[1] https://public-inbox.org/git/20170113155253.1644-1-benpeart@microsoft.com/
+    Subject: [RFC] Add support for downloading blobs on demand
+    Date: Fri, 13 Jan 2017 10:52:53 -0500
+
+[2] https://public-inbox.org/git/cover.1506714999.git.jonathantanmy@google.com/
+    Subject: [PATCH 00/18] Partial clone (from clone to lazy fetch in 18 patches)
+    Date: Fri, 29 Sep 2017 13:11:36 -0700
+
+[3] https://public-inbox.org/git/20170426221346.25337-1-jonathantanmy@google.com/
+    Subject: Proposal for missing blob support in Git repos
+    Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2017 15:13:46 -0700
+
+[4] https://public-inbox.org/git/1488999039-37631-1-git-send-email-git@jeffhostetler.com/
+    Subject: [PATCH 00/10] RFC Partial Clone and Fetch
+    Date: Wed,  8 Mar 2017 18:50:29 +0000
+
+[5] https://public-inbox.org/git/20170505152802.6724-1-benpeart@microsoft.com/
+    Subject: [PATCH v7 00/10] refactor the filter process code into a reusable module
+    Date: Fri,  5 May 2017 11:27:52 -0400
+
+[6] https://public-inbox.org/git/20170714132651.170708-1-benpeart@microsoft.com/
+    Subject: [RFC/PATCH v2 0/1] Add support for downloading blobs on demand
+    Date: Fri, 14 Jul 2017 09:26:50 -0400
diff --git a/GIT-VERSION-GEN b/GIT-VERSION-GEN
index c1906f0..4eba770 100755
--- a/GIT-VERSION-GEN
+++ b/GIT-VERSION-GEN
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
 GVF=GIT-VERSION-FILE
-DEF_VER=v2.15.GIT
+DEF_VER=v2.16.0-rc0
 
 LF='
 '
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 9dc5a58..bb5b7cd 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -425,6 +425,13 @@
 #
 # to say "export LESS=FRX (and LV=-c) if the environment variable
 # LESS (and LV) is not set, respectively".
+#
+# Define TEST_SHELL_PATH if you want to use a shell besides SHELL_PATH for
+# running the test scripts (e.g., bash has better support for "set -x"
+# tracing).
+#
+# When cross-compiling, define HOST_CPU as the canonical name of the CPU on
+# which the built Git will run (for instance "x86_64").
 
 GIT-VERSION-FILE: FORCE
 	@$(SHELL_PATH) ./GIT-VERSION-GEN
@@ -651,6 +658,7 @@
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-dump-fsmonitor
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-dump-split-index
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-dump-untracked-cache
+TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-example-decorate
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-fake-ssh
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-genrandom
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-hashmap
@@ -729,6 +737,8 @@
 export PERL_PATH
 export PYTHON_PATH
 
+TEST_SHELL_PATH = $(SHELL_PATH)
+
 LIB_FILE = libgit.a
 XDIFF_LIB = xdiff/lib.a
 VCSSVN_LIB = vcs-svn/lib.a
@@ -811,6 +821,8 @@
 LIB_OBJS += line-log.o
 LIB_OBJS += line-range.o
 LIB_OBJS += list-objects.o
+LIB_OBJS += list-objects-filter.o
+LIB_OBJS += list-objects-filter-options.o
 LIB_OBJS += ll-merge.o
 LIB_OBJS += lockfile.o
 LIB_OBJS += log-tree.o
@@ -1096,6 +1108,12 @@
 BROKEN_PATH_FIX = '/^\# @@BROKEN_PATH_FIX@@$$/d'
 endif
 
+ifeq (,$(HOST_CPU))
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DGIT_HOST_CPU="\"$(firstword $(subst -, ,$(uname_M)))\""
+else
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DGIT_HOST_CPU="\"$(HOST_CPU)\""
+endif
+
 ifneq (,$(INLINE))
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -Dinline=$(INLINE)
 endif
@@ -1726,6 +1744,7 @@
 gitwebdir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(gitwebdir))
 
 SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH))
+TEST_SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(TEST_SHELL_PATH))
 PERL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(PERL_PATH))
 PYTHON_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(PYTHON_PATH))
 TCLTK_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(TCLTK_PATH))
@@ -1894,7 +1913,9 @@
 version.sp version.s version.o: GIT-VERSION-FILE GIT-USER-AGENT
 version.sp version.s version.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
 	'-DGIT_VERSION="$(GIT_VERSION)"' \
-	'-DGIT_USER_AGENT=$(GIT_USER_AGENT_CQ_SQ)'
+	'-DGIT_USER_AGENT=$(GIT_USER_AGENT_CQ_SQ)' \
+	'-DGIT_BUILT_FROM_COMMIT="$(shell GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES=\"$(CURDIR)/..\" \
+		git rev-parse -q --verify HEAD || :)"'
 
 $(BUILT_INS): git$X
 	$(QUIET_BUILT_IN)$(RM) $@ && \
@@ -2356,6 +2377,7 @@
 # and the first level quoting from the shell that runs "echo".
 GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS: FORCE
 	@echo SHELL_PATH=\''$(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH_SQ))'\' >$@+
+	@echo TEST_SHELL_PATH=\''$(subst ','\'',$(TEST_SHELL_PATH_SQ))'\' >>$@+
 	@echo PERL_PATH=\''$(subst ','\'',$(PERL_PATH_SQ))'\' >>$@+
 	@echo DIFF=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(DIFF)))'\' >>$@+
 	@echo PYTHON_PATH=\''$(subst ','\'',$(PYTHON_PATH_SQ))'\' >>$@+
diff --git a/branch.c b/branch.c
index fe1e1c3..2672054 100644
--- a/branch.c
+++ b/branch.c
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@
 "\"git push -u\" to set the upstream config as you push.");
 
 void create_branch(const char *name, const char *start_name,
-		   int force, int reflog, int clobber_head,
+		   int force, int clobber_head_ok, int reflog,
 		   int quiet, enum branch_track track)
 {
 	struct commit *commit;
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@
 	if (track == BRANCH_TRACK_EXPLICIT || track == BRANCH_TRACK_OVERRIDE)
 		explicit_tracking = 1;
 
-	if ((track == BRANCH_TRACK_OVERRIDE || clobber_head)
+	if ((track == BRANCH_TRACK_OVERRIDE || clobber_head_ok)
 	    ? validate_branchname(name, &ref)
 	    : validate_new_branchname(name, &ref, force)) {
 		if (!force)
diff --git a/branch.h b/branch.h
index be5e5d1..473d0a9 100644
--- a/branch.h
+++ b/branch.h
@@ -13,14 +13,20 @@
  *
  *   - force enables overwriting an existing (non-head) branch
  *
+ *   - clobber_head_ok allows the currently checked out (hence existing)
+ *     branch to be overwritten; without 'force', it has no effect.
+ *
  *   - reflog creates a reflog for the branch
  *
+ *   - quiet suppresses tracking information
+ *
  *   - track causes the new branch to be configured to merge the remote branch
  *     that start_name is a tracking branch for (if any).
+ *
  */
 void create_branch(const char *name, const char *start_name,
-		   int force, int reflog,
-		   int clobber_head, int quiet, enum branch_track track);
+		   int force, int clobber_head_ok,
+		   int reflog, int quiet, enum branch_track track);
 
 /*
  * Check if 'name' can be a valid name for a branch; die otherwise.
diff --git a/builtin/am.c b/builtin/am.c
index 3d98e52..acfe9d3 100644
--- a/builtin/am.c
+++ b/builtin/am.c
@@ -708,6 +708,7 @@
 {
 	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
 	struct strbuf last = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret;
 
 	cp.git_cmd = 1;
 	argv_array_push(&cp.args, "mailsplit");
@@ -721,13 +722,16 @@
 	argv_array_push(&cp.args, "--");
 	argv_array_pushv(&cp.args, paths);
 
-	if (capture_command(&cp, &last, 8))
-		return -1;
+	ret = capture_command(&cp, &last, 8);
+	if (ret)
+		goto exit;
 
 	state->cur = 1;
 	state->last = strtol(last.buf, NULL, 10);
 
-	return 0;
+exit:
+	strbuf_release(&last);
+	return ret ? -1 : 0;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -1143,43 +1147,6 @@
 }
 
 /**
- * Returns 1 if the index differs from HEAD, 0 otherwise. When on an unborn
- * branch, returns 1 if there are entries in the index, 0 otherwise. If an
- * strbuf is provided, the space-separated list of files that differ will be
- * appended to it.
- */
-static int index_has_changes(struct strbuf *sb)
-{
-	struct object_id head;
-	int i;
-
-	if (!get_oid_tree("HEAD", &head)) {
-		struct diff_options opt;
-
-		diff_setup(&opt);
-		opt.flags.exit_with_status = 1;
-		if (!sb)
-			opt.flags.quick = 1;
-		do_diff_cache(&head, &opt);
-		diffcore_std(&opt);
-		for (i = 0; sb && i < diff_queued_diff.nr; i++) {
-			if (i)
-				strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, diff_queued_diff.queue[i]->two->path);
-		}
-		diff_flush(&opt);
-		return opt.flags.has_changes != 0;
-	} else {
-		for (i = 0; sb && i < active_nr; i++) {
-			if (i)
-				strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, active_cache[i]->name);
-		}
-		return !!active_nr;
-	}
-}
-
-/**
  * Dies with a user-friendly message on how to proceed after resolving the
  * problem. This message can be overridden with state->resolvemsg.
  */
diff --git a/builtin/branch.c b/builtin/branch.c
index af95ad2..8dcc2ed 100644
--- a/builtin/branch.c
+++ b/builtin/branch.c
@@ -462,6 +462,8 @@
 {
 	struct strbuf oldref = STRBUF_INIT, newref = STRBUF_INIT, logmsg = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct strbuf oldsection = STRBUF_INIT, newsection = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *interpreted_oldname = NULL;
+	const char *interpreted_newname = NULL;
 	int recovery = 0;
 
 	if (!oldname) {
@@ -493,6 +495,11 @@
 
 	reject_rebase_or_bisect_branch(oldref.buf);
 
+	if (!skip_prefix(oldref.buf, "refs/heads/", &interpreted_oldname) ||
+	    !skip_prefix(newref.buf, "refs/heads/", &interpreted_newname)) {
+		die("BUG: expected prefix missing for refs");
+	}
+
 	if (copy)
 		strbuf_addf(&logmsg, "Branch: copied %s to %s",
 			    oldref.buf, newref.buf);
@@ -507,11 +514,11 @@
 
 	if (recovery) {
 		if (copy)
-			warning(_("Copied a misnamed branch '%s' away"),
-				oldref.buf + 11);
+			warning(_("Created a copy of a misnamed branch '%s'"),
+				interpreted_oldname);
 		else
 			warning(_("Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"),
-				oldref.buf + 11);
+				interpreted_oldname);
 	}
 
 	if (!copy &&
@@ -520,9 +527,9 @@
 
 	strbuf_release(&logmsg);
 
-	strbuf_addf(&oldsection, "branch.%s", oldref.buf + 11);
+	strbuf_addf(&oldsection, "branch.%s", interpreted_oldname);
 	strbuf_release(&oldref);
-	strbuf_addf(&newsection, "branch.%s", newref.buf + 11);
+	strbuf_addf(&newsection, "branch.%s", interpreted_newname);
 	strbuf_release(&newref);
 	if (!copy && git_config_rename_section(oldsection.buf, newsection.buf) < 0)
 		die(_("Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"));
@@ -806,7 +813,7 @@
 			die(_("the '--set-upstream' option is no longer supported. Please use '--track' or '--set-upstream-to' instead."));
 
 		create_branch(argv[0], (argc == 2) ? argv[1] : head,
-			      force, reflog, 0, quiet, track);
+			      force, 0, reflog, quiet, track);
 
 	} else
 		usage_with_options(builtin_branch_usage, options);
diff --git a/builtin/checkout.c b/builtin/checkout.c
index f9f3797..8bdc927 100644
--- a/builtin/checkout.c
+++ b/builtin/checkout.c
@@ -647,8 +647,8 @@
 		else
 			create_branch(opts->new_branch, new->name,
 				      opts->new_branch_force ? 1 : 0,
-				      opts->new_branch_log,
 				      opts->new_branch_force ? 1 : 0,
+				      opts->new_branch_log,
 				      opts->quiet,
 				      opts->track);
 		new->name = opts->new_branch;
diff --git a/builtin/clone.c b/builtin/clone.c
index b228457..2da71db 100644
--- a/builtin/clone.c
+++ b/builtin/clone.c
@@ -452,7 +452,8 @@
 {
 	if (option_shared) {
 		struct strbuf alt = STRBUF_INIT;
-		strbuf_addf(&alt, "%s/objects", src_repo);
+		get_common_dir(&alt, src_repo);
+		strbuf_addstr(&alt, "/objects");
 		add_to_alternates_file(alt.buf);
 		strbuf_release(&alt);
 	} else {
@@ -1082,9 +1083,6 @@
 		warning(_("--local is ignored"));
 	transport->cloning = 1;
 
-	if (!transport->get_refs_list || (!is_local && !transport->fetch))
-		die(_("Don't know how to clone %s"), transport->url);
-
 	transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_KEEP, "yes");
 
 	if (option_depth)
diff --git a/builtin/describe.c b/builtin/describe.c
index e14e162..3b0b204 100644
--- a/builtin/describe.c
+++ b/builtin/describe.c
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tag.h"
+#include "blob.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
@@ -12,6 +13,8 @@
 #include "hashmap.h"
 #include "argv-array.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "list-objects.h"
 
 #define MAX_TAGS	(FLAG_BITS - 1)
 
@@ -256,7 +259,7 @@
 	return seen_commits;
 }
 
-static void display_name(struct commit_name *n)
+static void append_name(struct commit_name *n, struct strbuf *dst)
 {
 	if (n->prio == 2 && !n->tag) {
 		n->tag = lookup_tag(&n->oid);
@@ -272,19 +275,18 @@
 	}
 
 	if (n->tag)
-		printf("%s", n->tag->tag);
+		strbuf_addstr(dst, n->tag->tag);
 	else
-		printf("%s", n->path);
+		strbuf_addstr(dst, n->path);
 }
 
-static void show_suffix(int depth, const struct object_id *oid)
+static void append_suffix(int depth, const struct object_id *oid, struct strbuf *dst)
 {
-	printf("-%d-g%s", depth, find_unique_abbrev(oid->hash, abbrev));
+	strbuf_addf(dst, "-%d-g%s", depth, find_unique_abbrev(oid->hash, abbrev));
 }
 
-static void describe(const char *arg, int last_one)
+static void describe_commit(struct object_id *oid, struct strbuf *dst)
 {
-	struct object_id oid;
 	struct commit *cmit, *gave_up_on = NULL;
 	struct commit_list *list;
 	struct commit_name *n;
@@ -293,30 +295,25 @@
 	unsigned long seen_commits = 0;
 	unsigned int unannotated_cnt = 0;
 
-	if (get_oid(arg, &oid))
-		die(_("Not a valid object name %s"), arg);
-	cmit = lookup_commit_reference(&oid);
-	if (!cmit)
-		die(_("%s is not a valid '%s' object"), arg, commit_type);
+	cmit = lookup_commit_reference(oid);
 
 	n = find_commit_name(&cmit->object.oid);
 	if (n && (tags || all || n->prio == 2)) {
 		/*
 		 * Exact match to an existing ref.
 		 */
-		display_name(n);
+		append_name(n, dst);
 		if (longformat)
-			show_suffix(0, n->tag ? &n->tag->tagged->oid : &oid);
+			append_suffix(0, n->tag ? &n->tag->tagged->oid : oid, dst);
 		if (suffix)
-			printf("%s", suffix);
-		printf("\n");
+			strbuf_addstr(dst, suffix);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	if (!max_candidates)
 		die(_("no tag exactly matches '%s'"), oid_to_hex(&cmit->object.oid));
 	if (debug)
-		fprintf(stderr, _("searching to describe %s\n"), arg);
+		fprintf(stderr, _("No exact match on refs or tags, searching to describe\n"));
 
 	if (!have_util) {
 		struct hashmap_iter iter;
@@ -381,22 +378,21 @@
 	}
 
 	if (!match_cnt) {
-		struct object_id *oid = &cmit->object.oid;
+		struct object_id *cmit_oid = &cmit->object.oid;
 		if (always) {
-			printf("%s", find_unique_abbrev(oid->hash, abbrev));
+			strbuf_addstr(dst, find_unique_abbrev(cmit_oid->hash, abbrev));
 			if (suffix)
-				printf("%s", suffix);
-			printf("\n");
+				strbuf_addstr(dst, suffix);
 			return;
 		}
 		if (unannotated_cnt)
 			die(_("No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
 			    "However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags."),
-			    oid_to_hex(oid));
+			    oid_to_hex(cmit_oid));
 		else
 			die(_("No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
 			    "Try --always, or create some tags."),
-			    oid_to_hex(oid));
+			    oid_to_hex(cmit_oid));
 	}
 
 	QSORT(all_matches, match_cnt, compare_pt);
@@ -434,15 +430,86 @@
 		}
 	}
 
-	display_name(all_matches[0].name);
+	append_name(all_matches[0].name, dst);
 	if (abbrev)
-		show_suffix(all_matches[0].depth, &cmit->object.oid);
+		append_suffix(all_matches[0].depth, &cmit->object.oid, dst);
 	if (suffix)
-		printf("%s", suffix);
-	printf("\n");
+		strbuf_addstr(dst, suffix);
+}
+
+struct process_commit_data {
+	struct object_id current_commit;
+	struct object_id looking_for;
+	struct strbuf *dst;
+	struct rev_info *revs;
+};
+
+static void process_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data)
+{
+	struct process_commit_data *pcd = data;
+	pcd->current_commit = commit->object.oid;
+}
+
+static void process_object(struct object *obj, const char *path, void *data)
+{
+	struct process_commit_data *pcd = data;
+
+	if (!oidcmp(&pcd->looking_for, &obj->oid) && !pcd->dst->len) {
+		reset_revision_walk();
+		describe_commit(&pcd->current_commit, pcd->dst);
+		strbuf_addf(pcd->dst, ":%s", path);
+		free_commit_list(pcd->revs->commits);
+		pcd->revs->commits = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+static void describe_blob(struct object_id oid, struct strbuf *dst)
+{
+	struct rev_info revs;
+	struct argv_array args = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct process_commit_data pcd = { null_oid, oid, dst, &revs};
+
+	argv_array_pushl(&args, "internal: The first arg is not parsed",
+		"--objects", "--in-commit-order", "--reverse", "HEAD",
+		NULL);
+
+	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
+	if (setup_revisions(args.argc, args.argv, &revs, NULL) > 1)
+		BUG("setup_revisions could not handle all args?");
+
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
+		die("revision walk setup failed");
+
+	traverse_commit_list(&revs, process_commit, process_object, &pcd);
+	reset_revision_walk();
+}
+
+static void describe(const char *arg, int last_one)
+{
+	struct object_id oid;
+	struct commit *cmit;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (debug)
+		fprintf(stderr, _("describe %s\n"), arg);
+
+	if (get_oid(arg, &oid))
+		die(_("Not a valid object name %s"), arg);
+	cmit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(&oid, 1);
+
+	if (cmit)
+		describe_commit(&oid, &sb);
+	else if (lookup_blob(&oid))
+		describe_blob(oid, &sb);
+	else
+		die(_("%s is neither a commit nor blob"), arg);
+
+	puts(sb.buf);
 
 	if (!last_one)
 		clear_commit_marks(cmit, -1);
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
 }
 
 int cmd_describe(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
diff --git a/builtin/fast-export.c b/builtin/fast-export.c
index f8fe04c..796d0cd 100644
--- a/builtin/fast-export.c
+++ b/builtin/fast-export.c
@@ -895,7 +895,7 @@
 {
 	unsigned int i;
 	uint32_t mark;
-	struct object_decoration *deco = idnums.hash;
+	struct decoration_entry *deco = idnums.entries;
 	FILE *f;
 	int e = 0;
 
diff --git a/builtin/fetch.c b/builtin/fetch.c
index e705237..7bbcd26 100644
--- a/builtin/fetch.c
+++ b/builtin/fetch.c
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
  */
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "config.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
@@ -1094,9 +1095,6 @@
 			tags = TAGS_UNSET;
 	}
 
-	if (!transport->get_refs_list || !transport->fetch)
-		die(_("Don't know how to fetch from %s"), transport->url);
-
 	/* if not appending, truncate FETCH_HEAD */
 	if (!append && !dry_run) {
 		retcode = truncate_fetch_head();
@@ -1397,7 +1395,8 @@
 		struct argv_array options = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 
 		add_options_to_argv(&options);
-		result = fetch_populated_submodules(&options,
+		result = fetch_populated_submodules(the_repository,
+						    &options,
 						    submodule_prefix,
 						    recurse_submodules,
 						    recurse_submodules_default,
diff --git a/builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c b/builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c
index 22034f8..8e8a15e 100644
--- a/builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c
+++ b/builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c
@@ -377,7 +377,8 @@
 			string_list_append(&subjects,
 					   oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 		else
-			string_list_append(&subjects, strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL));
+			string_list_append_nodup(&subjects,
+						 strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL));
 	}
 
 	if (opts->credit_people)
diff --git a/builtin/index-pack.c b/builtin/index-pack.c
index 8ec459f..4c51aec 100644
--- a/builtin/index-pack.c
+++ b/builtin/index-pack.c
@@ -1660,10 +1660,7 @@
 				from_stdin = 1;
 			} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--fix-thin")) {
 				fix_thin_pack = 1;
-			} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--strict")) {
-				strict = 1;
-				do_fsck_object = 1;
-			} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--strict=", &arg)) {
+			} else if (skip_to_optional_arg(arg, "--strict", &arg)) {
 				strict = 1;
 				do_fsck_object = 1;
 				fsck_set_msg_types(&fsck_options, arg);
@@ -1679,10 +1676,8 @@
 				verify = 1;
 				show_stat = 1;
 				stat_only = 1;
-			} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--keep")) {
-				keep_msg = "";
-			} else if (starts_with(arg, "--keep=")) {
-				keep_msg = arg + 7;
+			} else if (skip_to_optional_arg(arg, "--keep", &keep_msg)) {
+				; /* nothing to do */
 			} else if (starts_with(arg, "--threads=")) {
 				char *end;
 				nr_threads = strtoul(arg+10, &end, 0);
diff --git a/builtin/merge.c b/builtin/merge.c
index 612dd7b..30264cf 100644
--- a/builtin/merge.c
+++ b/builtin/merge.c
@@ -567,6 +567,8 @@
 
 	if (!strcmp(k, "merge.diffstat") || !strcmp(k, "merge.stat"))
 		show_diffstat = git_config_bool(k, v);
+	else if (!strcmp(k, "merge.verifysignatures"))
+		verify_signatures = git_config_bool(k, v);
 	else if (!strcmp(k, "pull.twohead"))
 		return git_config_string(&pull_twohead, k, v);
 	else if (!strcmp(k, "pull.octopus"))
diff --git a/builtin/mv.c b/builtin/mv.c
index ffdd5f0..cf3684d 100644
--- a/builtin/mv.c
+++ b/builtin/mv.c
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@
 	}
 
 	if (gitmodules_modified)
-		stage_updated_gitmodules();
+		stage_updated_gitmodules(&the_index);
 
 	if (active_cache_changed &&
 	    write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
diff --git a/builtin/notes.c b/builtin/notes.c
index 1a2c7d9..7c81761 100644
--- a/builtin/notes.c
+++ b/builtin/notes.c
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "notes.h"
 #include "blob.h"
-#include "commit.h"
+#include "pretty.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
diff --git a/builtin/pack-objects.c b/builtin/pack-objects.c
index 631de28..6b9cfc2 100644
--- a/builtin/pack-objects.c
+++ b/builtin/pack-objects.c
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "list-objects.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter-options.h"
 #include "pack-objects.h"
 #include "progress.h"
 #include "refs.h"
@@ -79,6 +81,15 @@
 
 static unsigned long window_memory_limit = 0;
 
+static struct list_objects_filter_options filter_options;
+
+enum missing_action {
+	MA_ERROR = 0,    /* fail if any missing objects are encountered */
+	MA_ALLOW_ANY,    /* silently allow ALL missing objects */
+};
+static enum missing_action arg_missing_action;
+static show_object_fn fn_show_object;
+
 /*
  * stats
  */
@@ -2553,6 +2564,42 @@
 	obj->flags |= OBJECT_ADDED;
 }
 
+static void show_object__ma_allow_any(struct object *obj, const char *name, void *data)
+{
+	assert(arg_missing_action == MA_ALLOW_ANY);
+
+	/*
+	 * Quietly ignore ALL missing objects.  This avoids problems with
+	 * staging them now and getting an odd error later.
+	 */
+	if (!has_object_file(&obj->oid))
+		return;
+
+	show_object(obj, name, data);
+}
+
+static int option_parse_missing_action(const struct option *opt,
+				       const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	assert(arg);
+	assert(!unset);
+
+	if (!strcmp(arg, "error")) {
+		arg_missing_action = MA_ERROR;
+		fn_show_object = show_object;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(arg, "allow-any")) {
+		arg_missing_action = MA_ALLOW_ANY;
+		fn_show_object = show_object__ma_allow_any;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	die(_("invalid value for --missing"));
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static void show_edge(struct commit *commit)
 {
 	add_preferred_base(&commit->object.oid);
@@ -2817,7 +2864,12 @@
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
 		die("revision walk setup failed");
 	mark_edges_uninteresting(&revs, show_edge);
-	traverse_commit_list(&revs, show_commit, show_object, NULL);
+
+	if (!fn_show_object)
+		fn_show_object = show_object;
+	traverse_commit_list_filtered(&filter_options, &revs,
+				      show_commit, fn_show_object, NULL,
+				      NULL);
 
 	if (unpack_unreachable_expiration) {
 		revs.ignore_missing_links = 1;
@@ -2953,6 +3005,10 @@
 			 N_("use a bitmap index if available to speed up counting objects")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "write-bitmap-index", &write_bitmap_index,
 			 N_("write a bitmap index together with the pack index")),
+		OPT_PARSE_LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER(&filter_options),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "missing", NULL, N_("action"),
+		  N_("handling for missing objects"), PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+		  option_parse_missing_action },
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
@@ -3029,6 +3085,12 @@
 	if (!rev_list_all || !rev_list_reflog || !rev_list_index)
 		unpack_unreachable_expiration = 0;
 
+	if (filter_options.choice) {
+		if (!pack_to_stdout)
+			die("cannot use --filter without --stdout.");
+		use_bitmap_index = 0;
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * "soft" reasons not to use bitmaps - for on-disk repack by default we want
 	 *
diff --git a/builtin/rebase--helper.c b/builtin/rebase--helper.c
index f851936..7daee54 100644
--- a/builtin/rebase--helper.c
+++ b/builtin/rebase--helper.c
@@ -12,10 +12,12 @@
 int cmd_rebase__helper(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct replay_opts opts = REPLAY_OPTS_INIT;
-	int keep_empty = 0;
+	unsigned flags = 0, keep_empty = 0;
+	int abbreviate_commands = 0;
 	enum {
-		CONTINUE = 1, ABORT, MAKE_SCRIPT, SHORTEN_SHA1S, EXPAND_SHA1S,
-		CHECK_TODO_LIST, SKIP_UNNECESSARY_PICKS, REARRANGE_SQUASH
+		CONTINUE = 1, ABORT, MAKE_SCRIPT, SHORTEN_OIDS, EXPAND_OIDS,
+		CHECK_TODO_LIST, SKIP_UNNECESSARY_PICKS, REARRANGE_SQUASH,
+		ADD_EXEC
 	} command = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "ff", &opts.allow_ff, N_("allow fast-forward")),
@@ -27,19 +29,22 @@
 		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "make-script", &command,
 			N_("make rebase script"), MAKE_SCRIPT),
 		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "shorten-ids", &command,
-			N_("shorten SHA-1s in the todo list"), SHORTEN_SHA1S),
+			N_("shorten commit ids in the todo list"), SHORTEN_OIDS),
 		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "expand-ids", &command,
-			N_("expand SHA-1s in the todo list"), EXPAND_SHA1S),
+			N_("expand commit ids in the todo list"), EXPAND_OIDS),
 		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "check-todo-list", &command,
 			N_("check the todo list"), CHECK_TODO_LIST),
 		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "skip-unnecessary-picks", &command,
 			N_("skip unnecessary picks"), SKIP_UNNECESSARY_PICKS),
 		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "rearrange-squash", &command,
 			N_("rearrange fixup/squash lines"), REARRANGE_SQUASH),
+		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "add-exec-commands", &command,
+			N_("insert exec commands in todo list"), ADD_EXEC),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+	git_config_get_bool("rebase.abbreviatecommands", &abbreviate_commands);
 
 	opts.action = REPLAY_INTERACTIVE_REBASE;
 	opts.allow_ff = 1;
@@ -48,21 +53,25 @@
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options,
 			builtin_rebase_helper_usage, PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0);
 
+	flags |= keep_empty ? TODO_LIST_KEEP_EMPTY : 0;
+	flags |= abbreviate_commands ? TODO_LIST_ABBREVIATE_CMDS : 0;
+	flags |= command == SHORTEN_OIDS ? TODO_LIST_SHORTEN_IDS : 0;
+
 	if (command == CONTINUE && argc == 1)
 		return !!sequencer_continue(&opts);
 	if (command == ABORT && argc == 1)
 		return !!sequencer_remove_state(&opts);
 	if (command == MAKE_SCRIPT && argc > 1)
-		return !!sequencer_make_script(keep_empty, stdout, argc, argv);
-	if (command == SHORTEN_SHA1S && argc == 1)
-		return !!transform_todo_ids(1);
-	if (command == EXPAND_SHA1S && argc == 1)
-		return !!transform_todo_ids(0);
+		return !!sequencer_make_script(stdout, argc, argv, flags);
+	if ((command == SHORTEN_OIDS || command == EXPAND_OIDS) && argc == 1)
+		return !!transform_todos(flags);
 	if (command == CHECK_TODO_LIST && argc == 1)
 		return !!check_todo_list();
 	if (command == SKIP_UNNECESSARY_PICKS && argc == 1)
 		return !!skip_unnecessary_picks();
 	if (command == REARRANGE_SQUASH && argc == 1)
 		return !!rearrange_squash();
+	if (command == ADD_EXEC && argc == 2)
+		return !!sequencer_add_exec_commands(argv[1]);
 	usage_with_options(builtin_rebase_helper_usage, options);
 }
diff --git a/builtin/reset.c b/builtin/reset.c
index 906e541..e15f595 100644
--- a/builtin/reset.c
+++ b/builtin/reset.c
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "object.h"
-#include "commit.h"
+#include "pretty.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "diff.h"
diff --git a/builtin/rev-list.c b/builtin/rev-list.c
index 4032eb3..d5345b6 100644
--- a/builtin/rev-list.c
+++ b/builtin/rev-list.c
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "list-objects.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter-options.h"
 #include "pack.h"
 #include "pack-bitmap.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
@@ -12,6 +14,7 @@
 #include "bisect.h"
 #include "progress.h"
 #include "reflog-walk.h"
+#include "oidset.h"
 
 static const char rev_list_usage[] =
 "git rev-list [OPTION] <commit-id>... [ -- paths... ]\n"
@@ -55,6 +58,20 @@
 static struct progress *progress;
 static unsigned progress_counter;
 
+static struct list_objects_filter_options filter_options;
+static struct oidset omitted_objects;
+static int arg_print_omitted; /* print objects omitted by filter */
+
+static struct oidset missing_objects;
+enum missing_action {
+	MA_ERROR = 0,    /* fail if any missing objects are encountered */
+	MA_ALLOW_ANY,    /* silently allow ALL missing objects */
+	MA_PRINT,        /* print ALL missing objects in special section */
+};
+static enum missing_action arg_missing_action;
+
+#define DEFAULT_OIDSET_SIZE     (16*1024)
+
 static void finish_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data);
 static void show_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data)
 {
@@ -178,11 +195,31 @@
 	free_commit_buffer(commit);
 }
 
+static inline void finish_object__ma(struct object *obj)
+{
+	switch (arg_missing_action) {
+	case MA_ERROR:
+		die("missing blob object '%s'", oid_to_hex(&obj->oid));
+		return;
+
+	case MA_ALLOW_ANY:
+		return;
+
+	case MA_PRINT:
+		oidset_insert(&missing_objects, &obj->oid);
+		return;
+
+	default:
+		BUG("unhandled missing_action");
+		return;
+	}
+}
+
 static void finish_object(struct object *obj, const char *name, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct rev_list_info *info = cb_data;
 	if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB && !has_object_file(&obj->oid))
-		die("missing blob object '%s'", oid_to_hex(&obj->oid));
+		finish_object__ma(obj);
 	if (info->revs->verify_objects && !obj->parsed && obj->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 		parse_object(&obj->oid);
 }
@@ -269,6 +306,26 @@
 	return 1;
 }
 
+static inline int parse_missing_action_value(const char *value)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(value, "error")) {
+		arg_missing_action = MA_ERROR;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(value, "allow-any")) {
+		arg_missing_action = MA_ALLOW_ANY;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(value, "print")) {
+		arg_missing_action = MA_PRINT;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int cmd_rev_list(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct rev_info revs;
@@ -335,6 +392,30 @@
 			show_progress = arg;
 			continue;
 		}
+
+		if (skip_prefix(arg, ("--" CL_ARG__FILTER "="), &arg)) {
+			parse_list_objects_filter(&filter_options, arg);
+			if (filter_options.choice && !revs.blob_objects)
+				die(_("object filtering requires --objects"));
+			if (filter_options.choice == LOFC_SPARSE_OID &&
+			    !filter_options.sparse_oid_value)
+				die(_("invalid sparse value '%s'"),
+				    filter_options.filter_spec);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp(arg, ("--no-" CL_ARG__FILTER))) {
+			list_objects_filter_release(&filter_options);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--filter-print-omitted")) {
+			arg_print_omitted = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (skip_prefix(arg, "--missing=", &arg) &&
+		    parse_missing_action_value(arg))
+			continue;
+
 		usage(rev_list_usage);
 
 	}
@@ -360,6 +441,9 @@
 	if (revs.show_notes)
 		die(_("rev-list does not support display of notes"));
 
+	if (filter_options.choice && use_bitmap_index)
+		die(_("cannot combine --use-bitmap-index with object filtering"));
+
 	save_commit_buffer = (revs.verbose_header ||
 			      revs.grep_filter.pattern_list ||
 			      revs.grep_filter.header_list);
@@ -403,7 +487,31 @@
 			return show_bisect_vars(&info, reaches, all);
 	}
 
-	traverse_commit_list(&revs, show_commit, show_object, &info);
+	if (arg_print_omitted)
+		oidset_init(&omitted_objects, DEFAULT_OIDSET_SIZE);
+	if (arg_missing_action == MA_PRINT)
+		oidset_init(&missing_objects, DEFAULT_OIDSET_SIZE);
+
+	traverse_commit_list_filtered(
+		&filter_options, &revs, show_commit, show_object, &info,
+		(arg_print_omitted ? &omitted_objects : NULL));
+
+	if (arg_print_omitted) {
+		struct oidset_iter iter;
+		struct object_id *oid;
+		oidset_iter_init(&omitted_objects, &iter);
+		while ((oid = oidset_iter_next(&iter)))
+			printf("~%s\n", oid_to_hex(oid));
+		oidset_clear(&omitted_objects);
+	}
+	if (arg_missing_action == MA_PRINT) {
+		struct oidset_iter iter;
+		struct object_id *oid;
+		oidset_iter_init(&missing_objects, &iter);
+		while ((oid = oidset_iter_next(&iter)))
+			printf("?%s\n", oid_to_hex(oid));
+		oidset_clear(&missing_objects);
+	}
 
 	stop_progress(&progress);
 
diff --git a/builtin/rm.c b/builtin/rm.c
index d91451f..4a2fcca 100644
--- a/builtin/rm.c
+++ b/builtin/rm.c
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@
 		}
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 		if (gitmodules_modified)
-			stage_updated_gitmodules();
+			stage_updated_gitmodules(&the_index);
 	}
 
 	if (active_cache_changed) {
diff --git a/builtin/show-branch.c b/builtin/show-branch.c
index 2e24b5c..e8a4aa4 100644
--- a/builtin/show-branch.c
+++ b/builtin/show-branch.c
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "config.h"
-#include "commit.h"
+#include "pretty.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "color.h"
diff --git a/builtin/worktree.c b/builtin/worktree.c
index 002a569..7cef5b1 100644
--- a/builtin/worktree.c
+++ b/builtin/worktree.c
@@ -230,20 +230,21 @@
 	int counter = 0, len, ret;
 	struct strbuf symref = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct commit *commit = NULL;
+	int is_branch = 0;
 
 	if (file_exists(path) && !is_empty_dir(path))
 		die(_("'%s' already exists"), path);
 
 	/* is 'refname' a branch or commit? */
 	if (!opts->detach && !strbuf_check_branch_ref(&symref, refname) &&
-		 ref_exists(symref.buf)) { /* it's a branch */
+	    ref_exists(symref.buf)) {
+		is_branch = 1;
 		if (!opts->force)
 			die_if_checked_out(symref.buf, 0);
-	} else { /* must be a commit */
-		commit = lookup_commit_reference_by_name(refname);
-		if (!commit)
-			die(_("invalid reference: %s"), refname);
 	}
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference_by_name(refname);
+	if (!commit)
+		die(_("invalid reference: %s"), refname);
 
 	name = worktree_basename(path, &len);
 	git_path_buf(&sb_repo, "worktrees/%.*s", (int)(path + len - name), name);
@@ -308,7 +309,7 @@
 	argv_array_pushf(&child_env, "%s=%s", GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT, path);
 	cp.git_cmd = 1;
 
-	if (commit)
+	if (!is_branch)
 		argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "update-ref", "HEAD",
 				 oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid), NULL);
 	else
@@ -339,6 +340,15 @@
 		strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s/locked", sb_repo.buf);
 		unlink_or_warn(sb.buf);
 	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Hook failure does not warrant worktree deletion, so run hook after
+	 * is_junk is cleared, but do return appropriate code when hook fails.
+	 */
+	if (!ret && opts->checkout)
+		ret = run_hook_le(NULL, "post-checkout", oid_to_hex(&null_oid),
+				  oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid), "1", NULL);
+
 	argv_array_clear(&child_env);
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
 	strbuf_release(&symref);
diff --git a/cache.h b/cache.h
index a2ec8c0..d8b975a 100644
--- a/cache.h
+++ b/cache.h
@@ -644,6 +644,15 @@
 extern int discard_index(struct index_state *);
 extern void move_index_extensions(struct index_state *dst, struct index_state *src);
 extern int unmerged_index(const struct index_state *);
+
+/**
+ * Returns 1 if the index differs from HEAD, 0 otherwise. When on an unborn
+ * branch, returns 1 if there are entries in the index, 0 otherwise. If an
+ * strbuf is provided, the space-separated list of files that differ will be
+ * appended to it.
+ */
+extern int index_has_changes(struct strbuf *sb);
+
 extern int verify_path(const char *path);
 extern int strcmp_offset(const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t *first_change);
 extern int index_dir_exists(struct index_state *istate, const char *name, int namelen);
diff --git a/ci/install-dependencies.sh b/ci/install-dependencies.sh
index 5bd06fe..75a9fd2 100755
--- a/ci/install-dependencies.sh
+++ b/ci/install-dependencies.sh
@@ -8,10 +8,8 @@
 P4WHENCE=http://filehost.perforce.com/perforce/r$LINUX_P4_VERSION
 LFSWHENCE=https://github.com/github/git-lfs/releases/download/v$LINUX_GIT_LFS_VERSION
 
-case "${TRAVIS_OS_NAME:-linux}" in
-linux)
-	export GIT_TEST_HTTPD=YesPlease
-
+case "$jobname" in
+linux-clang|linux-gcc)
 	mkdir --parents "$P4_PATH"
 	pushd "$P4_PATH"
 		wget --quiet "$P4WHENCE/bin.linux26x86_64/p4d"
@@ -26,7 +24,7 @@
 		cp git-lfs-$LINUX_GIT_LFS_VERSION/git-lfs .
 	popd
 	;;
-osx)
+osx-clang|osx-gcc)
 	brew update --quiet
 	# Uncomment this if you want to run perf tests:
 	# brew install gnu-time
diff --git a/ci/lib-travisci.sh b/ci/lib-travisci.sh
index ac05f1f..331d3eb 100755
--- a/ci/lib-travisci.sh
+++ b/ci/lib-travisci.sh
@@ -23,14 +23,42 @@
 
 # Set 'exit on error' for all CI scripts to let the caller know that
 # something went wrong
-set -e
+set -ex
 
 skip_branch_tip_with_tag
 
-case "${TRAVIS_OS_NAME:-linux}" in
-linux)
+if test -z "$jobname"
+then
+	jobname="$TRAVIS_OS_NAME-$CC"
+fi
+
+export DEVELOPER=1
+export DEFAULT_TEST_TARGET=prove
+export GIT_PROVE_OPTS="--timer --jobs 3 --state=failed,slow,save"
+export GIT_TEST_OPTS="--verbose-log"
+export GIT_TEST_CLONE_2GB=YesPlease
+
+case "$jobname" in
+linux-clang|linux-gcc)
+	export GIT_TEST_HTTPD=YesPlease
+
+	# The Linux build installs the defined dependency versions below.
+	# The OS X build installs the latest available versions. Keep that
+	# in mind when you encounter a broken OS X build!
+	export LINUX_P4_VERSION="16.2"
+	export LINUX_GIT_LFS_VERSION="1.5.2"
+
 	P4_PATH="$(pwd)/custom/p4"
 	GIT_LFS_PATH="$(pwd)/custom/git-lfs"
 	export PATH="$GIT_LFS_PATH:$P4_PATH:$PATH"
 	;;
+osx-clang|osx-gcc)
+	# t9810 occasionally fails on Travis CI OS X
+	# t9816 occasionally fails with "TAP out of sequence errors" on
+	# Travis CI OS X
+	export GIT_SKIP_TESTS="t9810 t9816"
+	;;
+GETTEXT_POISON)
+	export GETTEXT_POISON=YesPlease
+	;;
 esac
diff --git a/commit.h b/commit.h
index 99a3fea..8c68ca1 100644
--- a/commit.h
+++ b/commit.h
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include "decorate.h"
 #include "gpg-interface.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
+#include "pretty.h"
 
 struct commit_list {
 	struct commit *item;
@@ -121,93 +122,13 @@
 
 void free_commit_list(struct commit_list *list);
 
-/* Commit formats */
-enum cmit_fmt {
-	CMIT_FMT_RAW,
-	CMIT_FMT_MEDIUM,
-	CMIT_FMT_DEFAULT = CMIT_FMT_MEDIUM,
-	CMIT_FMT_SHORT,
-	CMIT_FMT_FULL,
-	CMIT_FMT_FULLER,
-	CMIT_FMT_ONELINE,
-	CMIT_FMT_EMAIL,
-	CMIT_FMT_MBOXRD,
-	CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT,
-
-	CMIT_FMT_UNSPECIFIED
-};
-
-static inline int cmit_fmt_is_mail(enum cmit_fmt fmt)
-{
-	return (fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL || fmt == CMIT_FMT_MBOXRD);
-}
-
 struct rev_info; /* in revision.h, it circularly uses enum cmit_fmt */
 
-struct pretty_print_context {
-	/*
-	 * Callers should tweak these to change the behavior of pp_* functions.
-	 */
-	enum cmit_fmt fmt;
-	int abbrev;
-	const char *after_subject;
-	int preserve_subject;
-	struct date_mode date_mode;
-	unsigned date_mode_explicit:1;
-	int print_email_subject;
-	int expand_tabs_in_log;
-	int need_8bit_cte;
-	char *notes_message;
-	struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info;
-	struct rev_info *rev;
-	const char *output_encoding;
-	struct string_list *mailmap;
-	int color;
-	struct ident_split *from_ident;
-
-	/*
-	 * Fields below here are manipulated internally by pp_* functions and
-	 * should not be counted on by callers.
-	 */
-	struct string_list in_body_headers;
-	int graph_width;
-};
-
-struct userformat_want {
-	unsigned notes:1;
-};
-
 extern int has_non_ascii(const char *text);
 extern const char *logmsg_reencode(const struct commit *commit,
 				   char **commit_encoding,
 				   const char *output_encoding);
-extern void get_commit_format(const char *arg, struct rev_info *);
-extern const char *format_subject(struct strbuf *sb, const char *msg,
-				  const char *line_separator);
-extern void userformat_find_requirements(const char *fmt, struct userformat_want *w);
-extern int commit_format_is_empty(enum cmit_fmt);
 extern const char *skip_blank_lines(const char *msg);
-extern void format_commit_message(const struct commit *commit,
-				  const char *format, struct strbuf *sb,
-				  const struct pretty_print_context *context);
-extern void pretty_print_commit(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
-				const struct commit *commit,
-				struct strbuf *sb);
-extern void pp_commit_easy(enum cmit_fmt fmt, const struct commit *commit,
-			   struct strbuf *sb);
-void pp_user_info(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
-		  const char *what, struct strbuf *sb,
-		  const char *line, const char *encoding);
-void pp_title_line(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
-		   const char **msg_p,
-		   struct strbuf *sb,
-		   const char *encoding,
-		   int need_8bit_cte);
-void pp_remainder(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
-		  const char **msg_p,
-		  struct strbuf *sb,
-		  int indent);
-
 
 /** Removes the first commit from a list sorted by date, and adds all
  * of its parents.
diff --git a/contrib/completion/git-prompt.sh b/contrib/completion/git-prompt.sh
index c6cbef3..983e419 100644
--- a/contrib/completion/git-prompt.sh
+++ b/contrib/completion/git-prompt.sh
@@ -278,11 +278,12 @@
 	r="$c_clear$r"
 }
 
+# Helper function to read the first line of a file into a variable.
+# __git_eread requires 2 arguments, the file path and the name of the
+# variable, in that order.
 __git_eread ()
 {
-	local f="$1"
-	shift
-	test -r "$f" && read "$@" <"$f"
+	test -r "$1" && IFS=$'\r\n' read "$2" <"$1"
 }
 
 # __git_ps1 accepts 0 or 1 arguments (i.e., format string)
diff --git a/convert.c b/convert.c
index 20d7ab6..1a41a48 100644
--- a/convert.c
+++ b/convert.c
@@ -220,18 +220,27 @@
 	}
 }
 
-static int has_cr_in_index(const struct index_state *istate, const char *path)
+static int has_crlf_in_index(const struct index_state *istate, const char *path)
 {
 	unsigned long sz;
 	void *data;
-	int has_cr;
+	const char *crp;
+	int has_crlf = 0;
 
 	data = read_blob_data_from_index(istate, path, &sz);
 	if (!data)
 		return 0;
-	has_cr = memchr(data, '\r', sz) != NULL;
+
+	crp = memchr(data, '\r', sz);
+	if (crp) {
+		unsigned int ret_stats;
+		ret_stats = gather_convert_stats(data, sz);
+		if (!(ret_stats & CONVERT_STAT_BITS_BIN) &&
+		    (ret_stats & CONVERT_STAT_BITS_TXT_CRLF))
+			has_crlf = 1;
+	}
 	free(data);
-	return has_cr;
+	return has_crlf;
 }
 
 static int will_convert_lf_to_crlf(size_t len, struct text_stat *stats,
@@ -290,7 +299,7 @@
 		 * cherry-pick.
 		 */
 		if ((checksafe != SAFE_CRLF_RENORMALIZE) &&
-		    has_cr_in_index(istate, path))
+		    has_crlf_in_index(istate, path))
 			convert_crlf_into_lf = 0;
 	}
 	if ((checksafe == SAFE_CRLF_WARN ||
diff --git a/decorate.c b/decorate.c
index 270eb25..de31331 100644
--- a/decorate.c
+++ b/decorate.c
@@ -14,20 +14,20 @@
 static void *insert_decoration(struct decoration *n, const struct object *base, void *decoration)
 {
 	int size = n->size;
-	struct object_decoration *hash = n->hash;
+	struct decoration_entry *entries = n->entries;
 	unsigned int j = hash_obj(base, size);
 
-	while (hash[j].base) {
-		if (hash[j].base == base) {
-			void *old = hash[j].decoration;
-			hash[j].decoration = decoration;
+	while (entries[j].base) {
+		if (entries[j].base == base) {
+			void *old = entries[j].decoration;
+			entries[j].decoration = decoration;
 			return old;
 		}
 		if (++j >= size)
 			j = 0;
 	}
-	hash[j].base = base;
-	hash[j].decoration = decoration;
+	entries[j].base = base;
+	entries[j].decoration = decoration;
 	n->nr++;
 	return NULL;
 }
@@ -36,24 +36,23 @@
 {
 	int i;
 	int old_size = n->size;
-	struct object_decoration *old_hash = n->hash;
+	struct decoration_entry *old_entries = n->entries;
 
 	n->size = (old_size + 1000) * 3 / 2;
-	n->hash = xcalloc(n->size, sizeof(struct object_decoration));
+	n->entries = xcalloc(n->size, sizeof(struct decoration_entry));
 	n->nr = 0;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < old_size; i++) {
-		const struct object *base = old_hash[i].base;
-		void *decoration = old_hash[i].decoration;
+		const struct object *base = old_entries[i].base;
+		void *decoration = old_entries[i].decoration;
 
 		if (!decoration)
 			continue;
 		insert_decoration(n, base, decoration);
 	}
-	free(old_hash);
+	free(old_entries);
 }
 
-/* Add a decoration pointer, return any old one */
 void *add_decoration(struct decoration *n, const struct object *obj,
 		void *decoration)
 {
@@ -64,7 +63,6 @@
 	return insert_decoration(n, obj, decoration);
 }
 
-/* Lookup a decoration pointer */
 void *lookup_decoration(struct decoration *n, const struct object *obj)
 {
 	unsigned int j;
@@ -74,7 +72,7 @@
 		return NULL;
 	j = hash_obj(obj, n->size);
 	for (;;) {
-		struct object_decoration *ref = n->hash + j;
+		struct decoration_entry *ref = n->entries + j;
 		if (ref->base == obj)
 			return ref->decoration;
 		if (!ref->base)
diff --git a/decorate.h b/decorate.h
index e732804..9014c1e 100644
--- a/decorate.h
+++ b/decorate.h
@@ -1,18 +1,61 @@
 #ifndef DECORATE_H
 #define DECORATE_H
 
-struct object_decoration {
+/*
+ * A data structure that associates Git objects to void pointers. See
+ * t/helper/test-example-decorate.c for a demonstration of how to use these
+ * functions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * An entry in the data structure.
+ */
+struct decoration_entry {
 	const struct object *base;
 	void *decoration;
 };
 
+/*
+ * The data structure.
+ *
+ * This data structure must be zero-initialized.
+ */
 struct decoration {
+	/*
+	 * Not used by the decoration mechanism. Clients may use this for
+	 * whatever they want.
+	 */
 	const char *name;
-	unsigned int size, nr;
-	struct object_decoration *hash;
+
+	/*
+	 * The capacity of "entries".
+	 */
+	unsigned int size;
+
+	/*
+	 * The number of real Git objects (that is, entries with non-NULL
+	 * "base").
+	 */
+	unsigned int nr;
+
+	/*
+	 * The entries. This is an array of size "size", containing nr entries
+	 * with non-NULL "base" and (size - nr) entries with NULL "base".
+	 */
+	struct decoration_entry *entries;
 };
 
+/*
+ * Add an association from the given object to the given pointer (which may be
+ * NULL), returning the previously associated pointer. If there is no previous
+ * association, this function returns NULL.
+ */
 extern void *add_decoration(struct decoration *n, const struct object *obj, void *decoration);
+
+/*
+ * Return the pointer associated to the given object. If there is no
+ * association, this function returns NULL.
+ */
 extern void *lookup_decoration(struct decoration *n, const struct object *obj);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/diff.c b/diff.c
index 3fb445a..fb22b19 100644
--- a/diff.c
+++ b/diff.c
@@ -4512,17 +4512,12 @@
 		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_NUMSTAT;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--shortstat"))
 		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_SHORTSTAT;
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-X") || !strcmp(arg, "--dirstat"))
-		return parse_dirstat_opt(options, "");
-	else if (skip_prefix(arg, "-X", &arg))
-		return parse_dirstat_opt(options, arg);
-	else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--dirstat=", &arg))
+	else if (skip_prefix(arg, "-X", &arg) ||
+		 skip_to_optional_arg(arg, "--dirstat", &arg))
 		return parse_dirstat_opt(options, arg);
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--cumulative"))
 		return parse_dirstat_opt(options, "cumulative");
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--dirstat-by-file"))
-		return parse_dirstat_opt(options, "files");
-	else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--dirstat-by-file=", &arg)) {
+	else if (skip_to_optional_arg(arg, "--dirstat-by-file", &arg)) {
 		parse_dirstat_opt(options, "files");
 		return parse_dirstat_opt(options, arg);
 	}
@@ -4544,13 +4539,13 @@
 		return stat_opt(options, av);
 
 	/* renames options */
-	else if (starts_with(arg, "-B") || starts_with(arg, "--break-rewrites=") ||
-		 !strcmp(arg, "--break-rewrites")) {
+	else if (starts_with(arg, "-B") ||
+		 skip_to_optional_arg(arg, "--break-rewrites", NULL)) {
 		if ((options->break_opt = diff_scoreopt_parse(arg)) == -1)
 			return error("invalid argument to -B: %s", arg+2);
 	}
-	else if (starts_with(arg, "-M") || starts_with(arg, "--find-renames=") ||
-		 !strcmp(arg, "--find-renames")) {
+	else if (starts_with(arg, "-M") ||
+		 skip_to_optional_arg(arg, "--find-renames", NULL)) {
 		if ((options->rename_score = diff_scoreopt_parse(arg)) == -1)
 			return error("invalid argument to -M: %s", arg+2);
 		options->detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
@@ -4558,8 +4553,8 @@
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-D") || !strcmp(arg, "--irreversible-delete")) {
 		options->irreversible_delete = 1;
 	}
-	else if (starts_with(arg, "-C") || starts_with(arg, "--find-copies=") ||
-		 !strcmp(arg, "--find-copies")) {
+	else if (starts_with(arg, "-C") ||
+		 skip_to_optional_arg(arg, "--find-copies", NULL)) {
 		if (options->detect_rename == DIFF_DETECT_COPY)
 			options->flags.find_copies_harder = 1;
 		if ((options->rename_score = diff_scoreopt_parse(arg)) == -1)
@@ -4572,11 +4567,10 @@
 		options->flags.rename_empty = 1;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-rename-empty"))
 		options->flags.rename_empty = 0;
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--relative"))
+	else if (skip_to_optional_arg_default(arg, "--relative", &arg, NULL)) {
 		options->flags.relative_name = 1;
-	else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--relative=", &arg)) {
-		options->flags.relative_name = 1;
-		options->prefix = arg;
+		if (arg)
+			options->prefix = arg;
 	}
 
 	/* xdiff options */
@@ -4646,9 +4640,7 @@
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-follow")) {
 		options->flags.follow_renames = 0;
 		options->flags.default_follow_renames = 0;
-	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--color"))
-		options->use_color = 1;
-	else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--color=", &arg)) {
+	} else if (skip_to_optional_arg_default(arg, "--color", &arg, "always")) {
 		int value = git_config_colorbool(NULL, arg);
 		if (value < 0)
 			return error("option `color' expects \"always\", \"auto\", or \"never\"");
@@ -4668,15 +4660,10 @@
 		if (cm < 0)
 			die("bad --color-moved argument: %s", arg);
 		options->color_moved = cm;
-	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--color-words")) {
+	} else if (skip_to_optional_arg_default(arg, "--color-words", &options->word_regex, NULL)) {
 		options->use_color = 1;
 		options->word_diff = DIFF_WORDS_COLOR;
 	}
-	else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--color-words=", &arg)) {
-		options->use_color = 1;
-		options->word_diff = DIFF_WORDS_COLOR;
-		options->word_regex = arg;
-	}
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--word-diff")) {
 		if (options->word_diff == DIFF_WORDS_NONE)
 			options->word_diff = DIFF_WORDS_PLAIN;
@@ -4714,15 +4701,10 @@
 		options->flags.textconv_set_via_cmdline = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-textconv"))
 		options->flags.allow_textconv = 0;
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--ignore-submodules")) {
-		options->flags.override_submodule_config = 1;
-		handle_ignore_submodules_arg(options, "all");
-	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--ignore-submodules=", &arg)) {
+	else if (skip_to_optional_arg_default(arg, "--ignore-submodules", &arg, "all")) {
 		options->flags.override_submodule_config = 1;
 		handle_ignore_submodules_arg(options, arg);
-	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--submodule"))
-		options->submodule_format = DIFF_SUBMODULE_LOG;
-	else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--submodule=", &arg))
+	} else if (skip_to_optional_arg_default(arg, "--submodule", &arg, "log"))
 		return parse_submodule_opt(options, arg);
 	else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--ws-error-highlight=", &arg))
 		return parse_ws_error_highlight_opt(options, arg);
diff --git a/dir.c b/dir.c
index 3c54366..7c4b45e 100644
--- a/dir.c
+++ b/dir.c
@@ -221,6 +221,57 @@
 	return 1;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Read the contents of the blob with the given OID into a buffer.
+ * Append a trailing LF to the end if the last line doesn't have one.
+ *
+ * Returns:
+ *    -1 when the OID is invalid or unknown or does not refer to a blob.
+ *     0 when the blob is empty.
+ *     1 along with { data, size } of the (possibly augmented) buffer
+ *       when successful.
+ *
+ * Optionally updates the given sha1_stat with the given OID (when valid).
+ */
+static int do_read_blob(const struct object_id *oid,
+			struct sha1_stat *sha1_stat,
+			size_t *size_out,
+			char **data_out)
+{
+	enum object_type type;
+	unsigned long sz;
+	char *data;
+
+	*size_out = 0;
+	*data_out = NULL;
+
+	data = read_sha1_file(oid->hash, &type, &sz);
+	if (!data || type != OBJ_BLOB) {
+		free(data);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (sha1_stat) {
+		memset(&sha1_stat->stat, 0, sizeof(sha1_stat->stat));
+		hashcpy(sha1_stat->sha1, oid->hash);
+	}
+
+	if (sz == 0) {
+		free(data);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (data[sz - 1] != '\n') {
+		data = xrealloc(data, st_add(sz, 1));
+		data[sz++] = '\n';
+	}
+
+	*size_out = xsize_t(sz);
+	*data_out = data;
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
 #define DO_MATCH_EXCLUDE   (1<<0)
 #define DO_MATCH_DIRECTORY (1<<1)
 #define DO_MATCH_SUBMODULE (1<<2)
@@ -601,32 +652,22 @@
 	x->el = el;
 }
 
-static void *read_skip_worktree_file_from_index(const struct index_state *istate,
-						const char *path, size_t *size,
-						struct sha1_stat *sha1_stat)
+static int read_skip_worktree_file_from_index(const struct index_state *istate,
+					      const char *path,
+					      size_t *size_out,
+					      char **data_out,
+					      struct sha1_stat *sha1_stat)
 {
 	int pos, len;
-	unsigned long sz;
-	enum object_type type;
-	void *data;
 
 	len = strlen(path);
 	pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, len);
 	if (pos < 0)
-		return NULL;
+		return -1;
 	if (!ce_skip_worktree(istate->cache[pos]))
-		return NULL;
-	data = read_sha1_file(istate->cache[pos]->oid.hash, &type, &sz);
-	if (!data || type != OBJ_BLOB) {
-		free(data);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	*size = xsize_t(sz);
-	if (sha1_stat) {
-		memset(&sha1_stat->stat, 0, sizeof(sha1_stat->stat));
-		hashcpy(sha1_stat->sha1, istate->cache[pos]->oid.hash);
-	}
-	return data;
+		return -1;
+
+	return do_read_blob(&istate->cache[pos]->oid, sha1_stat, size_out, data_out);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -740,6 +781,10 @@
 		dir->dirs[i]->recurse = 0;
 }
 
+static int add_excludes_from_buffer(char *buf, size_t size,
+				    const char *base, int baselen,
+				    struct exclude_list *el);
+
 /*
  * Given a file with name "fname", read it (either from disk, or from
  * an index if 'istate' is non-null), parse it and store the
@@ -755,9 +800,10 @@
 			struct sha1_stat *sha1_stat)
 {
 	struct stat st;
-	int fd, i, lineno = 1;
+	int r;
+	int fd;
 	size_t size = 0;
-	char *buf, *entry;
+	char *buf;
 
 	fd = open(fname, O_RDONLY);
 	if (fd < 0 || fstat(fd, &st) < 0) {
@@ -765,17 +811,13 @@
 			warn_on_fopen_errors(fname);
 		else
 			close(fd);
-		if (!istate ||
-		    (buf = read_skip_worktree_file_from_index(istate, fname, &size, sha1_stat)) == NULL)
+		if (!istate)
 			return -1;
-		if (size == 0) {
-			free(buf);
-			return 0;
-		}
-		if (buf[size-1] != '\n') {
-			buf = xrealloc(buf, st_add(size, 1));
-			buf[size++] = '\n';
-		}
+		r = read_skip_worktree_file_from_index(istate, fname,
+						       &size, &buf,
+						       sha1_stat);
+		if (r != 1)
+			return r;
 	} else {
 		size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
 		if (size == 0) {
@@ -814,6 +856,17 @@
 		}
 	}
 
+	add_excludes_from_buffer(buf, size, base, baselen, el);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int add_excludes_from_buffer(char *buf, size_t size,
+				    const char *base, int baselen,
+				    struct exclude_list *el)
+{
+	int i, lineno = 1;
+	char *entry;
+
 	el->filebuf = buf;
 
 	if (skip_utf8_bom(&buf, size))
@@ -842,6 +895,23 @@
 	return add_excludes(fname, base, baselen, el, istate, NULL);
 }
 
+int add_excludes_from_blob_to_list(
+	struct object_id *oid,
+	const char *base, int baselen,
+	struct exclude_list *el)
+{
+	char *buf;
+	size_t size;
+	int r;
+
+	r = do_read_blob(oid, NULL, &size, &buf);
+	if (r != 1)
+		return r;
+
+	add_excludes_from_buffer(buf, size, base, baselen, el);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 struct exclude_list *add_exclude_list(struct dir_struct *dir,
 				      int group_type, const char *src)
 {
diff --git a/dir.h b/dir.h
index 233a2eb..11a047b 100644
--- a/dir.h
+++ b/dir.h
@@ -259,6 +259,9 @@
 extern int add_excludes_from_file_to_list(const char *fname, const char *base, int baselen,
 					  struct exclude_list *el, struct  index_state *istate);
 extern void add_excludes_from_file(struct dir_struct *, const char *fname);
+extern int add_excludes_from_blob_to_list(struct object_id *oid,
+					  const char *base, int baselen,
+					  struct exclude_list *el);
 extern void parse_exclude_pattern(const char **string, int *patternlen, unsigned *flags, int *nowildcardlen);
 extern void add_exclude(const char *string, const char *base,
 			int baselen, struct exclude_list *el, int srcpos);
diff --git a/git-compat-util.h b/git-compat-util.h
index cedad4d..68b2ad5 100644
--- a/git-compat-util.h
+++ b/git-compat-util.h
@@ -485,6 +485,29 @@
 }
 
 /*
+ * If the string "str" is the same as the string in "prefix", then the "arg"
+ * parameter is set to the "def" parameter and 1 is returned.
+ * If the string "str" begins with the string found in "prefix" and then a
+ * "=" sign, then the "arg" parameter is set to "str + strlen(prefix) + 1"
+ * (i.e., to the point in the string right after the prefix and the "=" sign),
+ * and 1 is returned.
+ *
+ * Otherwise, return 0 and leave "arg" untouched.
+ *
+ * When we accept both a "--key" and a "--key=<val>" option, this function
+ * can be used instead of !strcmp(arg, "--key") and then
+ * skip_prefix(arg, "--key=", &arg) to parse such an option.
+ */
+int skip_to_optional_arg_default(const char *str, const char *prefix,
+				 const char **arg, const char *def);
+
+static inline int skip_to_optional_arg(const char *str, const char *prefix,
+				       const char **arg)
+{
+	return skip_to_optional_arg_default(str, prefix, arg, "");
+}
+
+/*
  * Like skip_prefix, but promises never to read past "len" bytes of the input
  * buffer, and returns the remaining number of bytes in "out" via "outlen".
  */
diff --git a/git-cvsimport.perl b/git-cvsimport.perl
index 3692992..2d8df83 100755
--- a/git-cvsimport.perl
+++ b/git-cvsimport.perl
@@ -642,7 +642,7 @@
 
 sub get_headref ($) {
 	my $name = shift;
-	$name =~ s/'/'\\''/;
+	$name =~ s/'/'\\''/g;
 	my $r = `git rev-parse --verify '$name' 2>/dev/null`;
 	return undef unless $? == 0;
 	chomp $r;
diff --git a/git-p4.py b/git-p4.py
index 76859b4..7bb9cad 100755
--- a/git-p4.py
+++ b/git-p4.py
@@ -1178,6 +1178,12 @@
         self.needsGit = True
         self.verbose = False
 
+    # This is required for the "append" cloneExclude action
+    def ensure_value(self, attr, value):
+        if not hasattr(self, attr) or getattr(self, attr) is None:
+            setattr(self, attr, value)
+        return getattr(self, attr)
+
 class P4UserMap:
     def __init__(self):
         self.userMapFromPerforceServer = False
@@ -1343,9 +1349,10 @@
                 optparse.make_option("--shelve", dest="shelve", action="store_true",
                                      help="Shelve instead of submit. Shelved files are reverted, "
                                      "restoring the workspace to the state before the shelve"),
-                optparse.make_option("--update-shelve", dest="update_shelve", action="store", type="int",
+                optparse.make_option("--update-shelve", dest="update_shelve", action="append", type="int",
                                      metavar="CHANGELIST",
-                                     help="update an existing shelved changelist, implies --shelve")
+                                     help="update an existing shelved changelist, implies --shelve, "
+                                           "repeat in-order for multiple shelved changelists")
         ]
         self.description = "Submit changes from git to the perforce depot."
         self.usage += " [name of git branch to submit into perforce depot]"
@@ -1354,7 +1361,7 @@
         self.preserveUser = gitConfigBool("git-p4.preserveUser")
         self.dry_run = False
         self.shelve = False
-        self.update_shelve = None
+        self.update_shelve = list()
         self.prepare_p4_only = False
         self.conflict_behavior = None
         self.isWindows = (platform.system() == "Windows")
@@ -1809,9 +1816,10 @@
             mode = filesToChangeExecBit[f]
             setP4ExecBit(f, mode)
 
-        if self.update_shelve:
-            print("all_files = %s" % str(all_files))
-            p4_reopen_in_change(self.update_shelve, all_files)
+        update_shelve = 0
+        if len(self.update_shelve) > 0:
+            update_shelve = self.update_shelve.pop(0)
+            p4_reopen_in_change(update_shelve, all_files)
 
         #
         # Build p4 change description, starting with the contents
@@ -1821,7 +1829,7 @@
         logMessage = logMessage.strip()
         (logMessage, jobs) = self.separate_jobs_from_description(logMessage)
 
-        template = self.prepareSubmitTemplate(self.update_shelve)
+        template = self.prepareSubmitTemplate(update_shelve)
         submitTemplate = self.prepareLogMessage(template, logMessage, jobs)
 
         if self.preserveUser:
@@ -1894,7 +1902,7 @@
                     message = message.replace("\r\n", "\n")
                 submitTemplate = message[:message.index(separatorLine)]
 
-                if self.update_shelve:
+                if update_shelve:
                     p4_write_pipe(['shelve', '-r', '-i'], submitTemplate)
                 elif self.shelve:
                     p4_write_pipe(['shelve', '-i'], submitTemplate)
@@ -2012,6 +2020,10 @@
         else:
             return False
 
+        for i in self.update_shelve:
+            if i <= 0:
+                sys.exit("invalid changelist %d" % i)
+
         if self.master:
             allowSubmit = gitConfig("git-p4.allowSubmit")
             if len(allowSubmit) > 0 and not self.master in allowSubmit.split(","):
@@ -2022,7 +2034,7 @@
         if len(self.origin) == 0:
             self.origin = upstream
 
-        if self.update_shelve:
+        if len(self.update_shelve) > 0:
             self.shelve = True
 
         if self.preserveUser:
@@ -2134,6 +2146,11 @@
         if gitConfigBool("git-p4.detectCopiesHarder"):
             self.diffOpts += " --find-copies-harder"
 
+        num_shelves = len(self.update_shelve)
+        if num_shelves > 0 and num_shelves != len(commits):
+            sys.exit("number of commits (%d) must match number of shelved changelist (%d)" %
+                     (len(commits), num_shelves))
+
         #
         # Apply the commits, one at a time.  On failure, ask if should
         # continue to try the rest of the patches, or quit.
@@ -2404,12 +2421,6 @@
         if gitConfig("git-p4.syncFromOrigin") == "false":
             self.syncWithOrigin = False
 
-    # This is required for the "append" cloneExclude action
-    def ensure_value(self, attr, value):
-        if not hasattr(self, attr) or getattr(self, attr) is None:
-            setattr(self, attr, value)
-        return getattr(self, attr)
-
     # Force a checkpoint in fast-import and wait for it to finish
     def checkpoint(self):
         self.gitStream.write("checkpoint\n\n")
diff --git a/git-rebase--interactive.sh b/git-rebase--interactive.sh
index 4378156..e3f5a0a 100644
--- a/git-rebase--interactive.sh
+++ b/git-rebase--interactive.sh
@@ -722,27 +722,6 @@
 	git rebase--helper --shorten-ids
 }
 
-# Add commands after a pick or after a squash/fixup series
-# in the todo list.
-add_exec_commands () {
-	{
-		first=t
-		while read -r insn rest
-		do
-			case $insn in
-			pick)
-				test -n "$first" ||
-				printf "%s" "$cmd"
-				;;
-			esac
-			printf "%s %s\n" "$insn" "$rest"
-			first=
-		done
-		printf "%s" "$cmd"
-	} <"$1" >"$1.new" &&
-	mv "$1.new" "$1"
-}
-
 # Switch to the branch in $into and notify it in the reflog
 checkout_onto () {
 	GIT_REFLOG_ACTION="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: checkout $onto_name"
@@ -982,7 +961,7 @@
 
 test -s "$todo" || echo noop >> "$todo"
 test -z "$autosquash" || git rebase--helper --rearrange-squash || exit
-test -n "$cmd" && add_exec_commands "$todo"
+test -n "$cmd" && git rebase--helper --add-exec-commands "$cmd"
 
 todocount=$(git stripspace --strip-comments <"$todo" | wc -l)
 todocount=${todocount##* }
diff --git a/git-rebase.sh b/git-rebase.sh
index 60b70f3..fd72a35 100755
--- a/git-rebase.sh
+++ b/git-rebase.sh
@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@
 		;;
 	esac
 	upstream=$(peel_committish "${upstream_name}") ||
-	die "$(eval_gettext "invalid upstream \$upstream_name")"
+	die "$(eval_gettext "invalid upstream '\$upstream_name'")"
 	upstream_arg="$upstream_name"
 else
 	if test -z "$onto"
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@
 esac
 
 # If the branch to rebase is given, that is the branch we will rebase
-# $branch_name -- branch being rebased, or HEAD (already detached)
+# $branch_name -- branch/commit being rebased, or HEAD (already detached)
 # $orig_head -- commit object name of tip of the branch before rebasing
 # $head_name -- refs/heads/<that-branch> or "detached HEAD"
 switch_to=
@@ -528,15 +528,18 @@
 	branch_name="$1"
 	switch_to="$1"
 
-	if git show-ref --verify --quiet -- "refs/heads/$1" &&
-	   orig_head=$(git rev-parse -q --verify "refs/heads/$1")
+	# Is it a local branch?
+	if git show-ref --verify --quiet -- "refs/heads/$branch_name" &&
+	   orig_head=$(git rev-parse -q --verify "refs/heads/$branch_name")
 	then
-		head_name="refs/heads/$1"
-	elif orig_head=$(git rev-parse -q --verify "$1")
+		head_name="refs/heads/$branch_name"
+	# If not is it a valid ref (branch or commit)?
+	elif orig_head=$(git rev-parse -q --verify "$branch_name")
 	then
 		head_name="detached HEAD"
+
 	else
-		die "$(eval_gettext "fatal: no such branch: \$branch_name")"
+		die "$(eval_gettext "fatal: no such branch/commit '\$branch_name'")"
 	fi
 	;;
 0)
@@ -547,7 +550,7 @@
 		branch_name=$(expr "z$branch_name" : 'zrefs/heads/\(.*\)')
 	else
 		head_name="detached HEAD"
-		branch_name=HEAD ;# detached
+		branch_name=HEAD
 	fi
 	orig_head=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) || exit
 	;;
@@ -598,11 +601,23 @@
 		test -z "$switch_to" ||
 		GIT_REFLOG_ACTION="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: checkout $switch_to" \
 			git checkout -q "$switch_to" --
-		say "$(eval_gettext "Current branch \$branch_name is up to date.")"
+		if test "$branch_name" = "HEAD" &&
+			 ! git symbolic-ref -q HEAD
+		then
+			say "$(eval_gettext "HEAD is up to date.")"
+		else
+			say "$(eval_gettext "Current branch \$branch_name is up to date.")"
+		fi
 		finish_rebase
 		exit 0
 	else
-		say "$(eval_gettext "Current branch \$branch_name is up to date, rebase forced.")"
+		if test "$branch_name" = "HEAD" &&
+			 ! git symbolic-ref -q HEAD
+		then
+			say "$(eval_gettext "HEAD is up to date, rebase forced.")"
+		else
+			say "$(eval_gettext "Current branch \$branch_name is up to date, rebase forced.")"
+		fi
 	fi
 fi
 
diff --git a/git-svn.perl b/git-svn.perl
index d240418..aa242d4 100755
--- a/git-svn.perl
+++ b/git-svn.perl
@@ -1865,6 +1865,7 @@
 			}
 		}
 		$msgbuf =~ s/\s+$//s;
+		$msgbuf =~ s/\r\n/\n/sg; # SVN 1.6+ disallows CRLF
 		if ($Git::SVN::_add_author_from && defined($author)
 		    && !$saw_from) {
 			$msgbuf .= "\n\nFrom: $author";
diff --git a/help.c b/help.c
index 88a3aea..60071a9 100644
--- a/help.c
+++ b/help.c
@@ -412,6 +412,12 @@
 	printf("git version %s\n", git_version_string);
 
 	if (build_options) {
+		printf("cpu: %s\n", GIT_HOST_CPU);
+		if (git_built_from_commit_string[0])
+			printf("built from commit: %s\n",
+			       git_built_from_commit_string);
+		else
+			printf("no commit associated with this build\n");
 		printf("sizeof-long: %d\n", (int)sizeof(long));
 		/* NEEDSWORK: also save and output GIT-BUILD_OPTIONS? */
 	}
diff --git a/http.c b/http.c
index 9f2fcc9..5977712 100644
--- a/http.c
+++ b/http.c
@@ -866,6 +866,11 @@
 			curl_easy_setopt(result,
 				CURLOPT_PROXYTYPE, CURLPROXY_SOCKS4);
 #endif
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x073400
+		else if (starts_with(curl_http_proxy, "https"))
+			curl_easy_setopt(result,
+				CURLOPT_PROXYTYPE, CURLPROXY_HTTPS);
+#endif
 		if (strstr(curl_http_proxy, "://"))
 			credential_from_url(&proxy_auth, curl_http_proxy);
 		else {
diff --git a/imap-send.c b/imap-send.c
index 54e6a80..36c7c1b 100644
--- a/imap-send.c
+++ b/imap-send.c
@@ -1412,6 +1412,7 @@
 {
 	CURL *curl;
 	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *uri_encoded_folder;
 
 	if (curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_ALL) != CURLE_OK)
 		die("curl_global_init failed");
@@ -1429,7 +1430,12 @@
 	strbuf_addstr(&path, server.host);
 	if (!path.len || path.buf[path.len - 1] != '/')
 		strbuf_addch(&path, '/');
-	strbuf_addstr(&path, server.folder);
+
+	uri_encoded_folder = curl_easy_escape(curl, server.folder, 0);
+	if (!uri_encoded_folder)
+		die("failed to encode server folder");
+	strbuf_addstr(&path, uri_encoded_folder);
+	curl_free(uri_encoded_folder);
 
 	curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, path.buf);
 	strbuf_release(&path);
diff --git a/list-objects-filter-options.c b/list-objects-filter-options.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4c5b34e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/list-objects-filter-options.c
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
+#include "list-objects.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter-options.h"
+
+/*
+ * Parse value of the argument to the "filter" keyword.
+ * On the command line this looks like:
+ *       --filter=<arg>
+ * and in the pack protocol as:
+ *       "filter" SP <arg>
+ *
+ * The filter keyword will be used by many commands.
+ * See Documentation/rev-list-options.txt for allowed values for <arg>.
+ *
+ * Capture the given arg as the "filter_spec".  This can be forwarded to
+ * subordinate commands when necessary.  We also "intern" the arg for
+ * the convenience of the current command.
+ */
+int parse_list_objects_filter(struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options,
+			      const char *arg)
+{
+	const char *v0;
+
+	if (filter_options->choice)
+		die(_("multiple object filter types cannot be combined"));
+
+	filter_options->filter_spec = strdup(arg);
+
+	if (!strcmp(arg, "blob:none")) {
+		filter_options->choice = LOFC_BLOB_NONE;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (skip_prefix(arg, "blob:limit=", &v0)) {
+		if (!git_parse_ulong(v0, &filter_options->blob_limit_value))
+			die(_("invalid filter-spec expression '%s'"), arg);
+		filter_options->choice = LOFC_BLOB_LIMIT;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (skip_prefix(arg, "sparse:oid=", &v0)) {
+		struct object_context oc;
+		struct object_id sparse_oid;
+
+		/*
+		 * Try to parse <oid-expression> into an OID for the current
+		 * command, but DO NOT complain if we don't have the blob or
+		 * ref locally.
+		 */
+		if (!get_oid_with_context(v0, GET_OID_BLOB,
+					  &sparse_oid, &oc))
+			filter_options->sparse_oid_value = oiddup(&sparse_oid);
+		filter_options->choice = LOFC_SPARSE_OID;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (skip_prefix(arg, "sparse:path=", &v0)) {
+		filter_options->choice = LOFC_SPARSE_PATH;
+		filter_options->sparse_path_value = strdup(v0);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	die(_("invalid filter-spec expression '%s'"), arg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int opt_parse_list_objects_filter(const struct option *opt,
+				  const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options = opt->value;
+
+	if (unset || !arg) {
+		list_objects_filter_release(filter_options);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return parse_list_objects_filter(filter_options, arg);
+}
+
+void list_objects_filter_release(
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options)
+{
+	free(filter_options->filter_spec);
+	free(filter_options->sparse_oid_value);
+	free(filter_options->sparse_path_value);
+	memset(filter_options, 0, sizeof(*filter_options));
+}
diff --git a/list-objects-filter-options.h b/list-objects-filter-options.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eea44a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/list-objects-filter-options.h
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#ifndef LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER_OPTIONS_H
+#define LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER_OPTIONS_H
+
+#include "parse-options.h"
+
+/*
+ * The list of defined filters for list-objects.
+ */
+enum list_objects_filter_choice {
+	LOFC_DISABLED = 0,
+	LOFC_BLOB_NONE,
+	LOFC_BLOB_LIMIT,
+	LOFC_SPARSE_OID,
+	LOFC_SPARSE_PATH,
+	LOFC__COUNT /* must be last */
+};
+
+struct list_objects_filter_options {
+	/*
+	 * 'filter_spec' is the raw argument value given on the command line
+	 * or protocol request.  (The part after the "--keyword=".)  For
+	 * commands that launch filtering sub-processes, this value should be
+	 * passed to them as received by the current process.
+	 */
+	char *filter_spec;
+
+	/*
+	 * 'choice' is determined by parsing the filter-spec.  This indicates
+	 * the filtering algorithm to use.
+	 */
+	enum list_objects_filter_choice choice;
+
+	/*
+	 * Parsed values (fields) from within the filter-spec.  These are
+	 * choice-specific; not all values will be defined for any given
+	 * choice.
+	 */
+	struct object_id *sparse_oid_value;
+	char *sparse_path_value;
+	unsigned long blob_limit_value;
+};
+
+/* Normalized command line arguments */
+#define CL_ARG__FILTER "filter"
+
+int parse_list_objects_filter(
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options,
+	const char *arg);
+
+int opt_parse_list_objects_filter(const struct option *opt,
+				  const char *arg, int unset);
+
+#define OPT_PARSE_LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER(fo) \
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, CL_ARG__FILTER, fo, N_("args"), \
+	  N_("object filtering"), 0, \
+	  opt_parse_list_objects_filter }
+
+void list_objects_filter_release(
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options);
+
+#endif /* LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER_OPTIONS_H */
diff --git a/list-objects-filter.c b/list-objects-filter.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4356c45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/list-objects-filter.c
@@ -0,0 +1,401 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "tag.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "blob.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "tree-walk.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "list-objects.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter-options.h"
+#include "oidset.h"
+
+/* Remember to update object flag allocation in object.h */
+/*
+ * FILTER_SHOWN_BUT_REVISIT -- we set this bit on tree objects
+ * that have been shown, but should be revisited if they appear
+ * in the traversal (until we mark it SEEN).  This is a way to
+ * let us silently de-dup calls to show() in the caller.  This
+ * is subtly different from the "revision.h:SHOWN" and the
+ * "sha1_name.c:ONELINE_SEEN" bits.  And also different from
+ * the non-de-dup usage in pack-bitmap.c
+ */
+#define FILTER_SHOWN_BUT_REVISIT (1<<21)
+
+/*
+ * A filter for list-objects to omit ALL blobs from the traversal.
+ * And to OPTIONALLY collect a list of the omitted OIDs.
+ */
+struct filter_blobs_none_data {
+	struct oidset *omits;
+};
+
+static enum list_objects_filter_result filter_blobs_none(
+	enum list_objects_filter_situation filter_situation,
+	struct object *obj,
+	const char *pathname,
+	const char *filename,
+	void *filter_data_)
+{
+	struct filter_blobs_none_data *filter_data = filter_data_;
+
+	switch (filter_situation) {
+	default:
+		die("unknown filter_situation");
+		return LOFR_ZERO;
+
+	case LOFS_BEGIN_TREE:
+		assert(obj->type == OBJ_TREE);
+		/* always include all tree objects */
+		return LOFR_MARK_SEEN | LOFR_DO_SHOW;
+
+	case LOFS_END_TREE:
+		assert(obj->type == OBJ_TREE);
+		return LOFR_ZERO;
+
+	case LOFS_BLOB:
+		assert(obj->type == OBJ_BLOB);
+		assert((obj->flags & SEEN) == 0);
+
+		if (filter_data->omits)
+			oidset_insert(filter_data->omits, &obj->oid);
+		return LOFR_MARK_SEEN; /* but not LOFR_DO_SHOW (hard omit) */
+	}
+}
+
+static void *filter_blobs_none__init(
+	struct oidset *omitted,
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options,
+	filter_object_fn *filter_fn,
+	filter_free_fn *filter_free_fn)
+{
+	struct filter_blobs_none_data *d = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*d));
+	d->omits = omitted;
+
+	*filter_fn = filter_blobs_none;
+	*filter_free_fn = free;
+	return d;
+}
+
+/*
+ * A filter for list-objects to omit large blobs.
+ * And to OPTIONALLY collect a list of the omitted OIDs.
+ */
+struct filter_blobs_limit_data {
+	struct oidset *omits;
+	unsigned long max_bytes;
+};
+
+static enum list_objects_filter_result filter_blobs_limit(
+	enum list_objects_filter_situation filter_situation,
+	struct object *obj,
+	const char *pathname,
+	const char *filename,
+	void *filter_data_)
+{
+	struct filter_blobs_limit_data *filter_data = filter_data_;
+	unsigned long object_length;
+	enum object_type t;
+
+	switch (filter_situation) {
+	default:
+		die("unknown filter_situation");
+		return LOFR_ZERO;
+
+	case LOFS_BEGIN_TREE:
+		assert(obj->type == OBJ_TREE);
+		/* always include all tree objects */
+		return LOFR_MARK_SEEN | LOFR_DO_SHOW;
+
+	case LOFS_END_TREE:
+		assert(obj->type == OBJ_TREE);
+		return LOFR_ZERO;
+
+	case LOFS_BLOB:
+		assert(obj->type == OBJ_BLOB);
+		assert((obj->flags & SEEN) == 0);
+
+		t = sha1_object_info(obj->oid.hash, &object_length);
+		if (t != OBJ_BLOB) { /* probably OBJ_NONE */
+			/*
+			 * We DO NOT have the blob locally, so we cannot
+			 * apply the size filter criteria.  Be conservative
+			 * and force show it (and let the caller deal with
+			 * the ambiguity).
+			 */
+			goto include_it;
+		}
+
+		if (object_length < filter_data->max_bytes)
+			goto include_it;
+
+		if (filter_data->omits)
+			oidset_insert(filter_data->omits, &obj->oid);
+		return LOFR_MARK_SEEN; /* but not LOFR_DO_SHOW (hard omit) */
+	}
+
+include_it:
+	if (filter_data->omits)
+		oidset_remove(filter_data->omits, &obj->oid);
+	return LOFR_MARK_SEEN | LOFR_DO_SHOW;
+}
+
+static void *filter_blobs_limit__init(
+	struct oidset *omitted,
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options,
+	filter_object_fn *filter_fn,
+	filter_free_fn *filter_free_fn)
+{
+	struct filter_blobs_limit_data *d = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*d));
+	d->omits = omitted;
+	d->max_bytes = filter_options->blob_limit_value;
+
+	*filter_fn = filter_blobs_limit;
+	*filter_free_fn = free;
+	return d;
+}
+
+/*
+ * A filter driven by a sparse-checkout specification to only
+ * include blobs that a sparse checkout would populate.
+ *
+ * The sparse-checkout spec can be loaded from a blob with the
+ * given OID or from a local pathname.  We allow an OID because
+ * the repo may be bare or we may be doing the filtering on the
+ * server.
+ */
+struct frame {
+	/*
+	 * defval is the usual default include/exclude value that
+	 * should be inherited as we recurse into directories based
+	 * upon pattern matching of the directory itself or of a
+	 * containing directory.
+	 */
+	int defval;
+
+	/*
+	 * 1 if the directory (recursively) contains any provisionally
+	 * omitted objects.
+	 *
+	 * 0 if everything (recursively) contained in this directory
+	 * has been explicitly included (SHOWN) in the result and
+	 * the directory may be short-cut later in the traversal.
+	 */
+	unsigned child_prov_omit : 1;
+};
+
+struct filter_sparse_data {
+	struct oidset *omits;
+	struct exclude_list el;
+
+	size_t nr, alloc;
+	struct frame *array_frame;
+};
+
+static enum list_objects_filter_result filter_sparse(
+	enum list_objects_filter_situation filter_situation,
+	struct object *obj,
+	const char *pathname,
+	const char *filename,
+	void *filter_data_)
+{
+	struct filter_sparse_data *filter_data = filter_data_;
+	int val, dtype;
+	struct frame *frame;
+
+	switch (filter_situation) {
+	default:
+		die("unknown filter_situation");
+		return LOFR_ZERO;
+
+	case LOFS_BEGIN_TREE:
+		assert(obj->type == OBJ_TREE);
+		dtype = DT_DIR;
+		val = is_excluded_from_list(pathname, strlen(pathname),
+					    filename, &dtype, &filter_data->el,
+					    &the_index);
+		if (val < 0)
+			val = filter_data->array_frame[filter_data->nr].defval;
+
+		ALLOC_GROW(filter_data->array_frame, filter_data->nr + 1,
+			   filter_data->alloc);
+		filter_data->nr++;
+		filter_data->array_frame[filter_data->nr].defval = val;
+		filter_data->array_frame[filter_data->nr].child_prov_omit = 0;
+
+		/*
+		 * A directory with this tree OID may appear in multiple
+		 * places in the tree. (Think of a directory move or copy,
+		 * with no other changes, so the OID is the same, but the
+		 * full pathnames of objects within this directory are new
+		 * and may match is_excluded() patterns differently.)
+		 * So we cannot mark this directory as SEEN (yet), since
+		 * that will prevent process_tree() from revisiting this
+		 * tree object with other pathname prefixes.
+		 *
+		 * Only _DO_SHOW the tree object the first time we visit
+		 * this tree object.
+		 *
+		 * We always show all tree objects.  A future optimization
+		 * may want to attempt to narrow this.
+		 */
+		if (obj->flags & FILTER_SHOWN_BUT_REVISIT)
+			return LOFR_ZERO;
+		obj->flags |= FILTER_SHOWN_BUT_REVISIT;
+		return LOFR_DO_SHOW;
+
+	case LOFS_END_TREE:
+		assert(obj->type == OBJ_TREE);
+		assert(filter_data->nr > 0);
+
+		frame = &filter_data->array_frame[filter_data->nr];
+		filter_data->nr--;
+
+		/*
+		 * Tell our parent directory if any of our children were
+		 * provisionally omitted.
+		 */
+		filter_data->array_frame[filter_data->nr].child_prov_omit |=
+			frame->child_prov_omit;
+
+		/*
+		 * If there are NO provisionally omitted child objects (ALL child
+		 * objects in this folder were INCLUDED), then we can mark the
+		 * folder as SEEN (so we will not have to revisit it again).
+		 */
+		if (!frame->child_prov_omit)
+			return LOFR_MARK_SEEN;
+		return LOFR_ZERO;
+
+	case LOFS_BLOB:
+		assert(obj->type == OBJ_BLOB);
+		assert((obj->flags & SEEN) == 0);
+
+		frame = &filter_data->array_frame[filter_data->nr];
+
+		dtype = DT_REG;
+		val = is_excluded_from_list(pathname, strlen(pathname),
+					    filename, &dtype, &filter_data->el,
+					    &the_index);
+		if (val < 0)
+			val = frame->defval;
+		if (val > 0) {
+			if (filter_data->omits)
+				oidset_remove(filter_data->omits, &obj->oid);
+			return LOFR_MARK_SEEN | LOFR_DO_SHOW;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Provisionally omit it.  We've already established that
+		 * this pathname is not in the sparse-checkout specification
+		 * with the CURRENT pathname, so we *WANT* to omit this blob.
+		 *
+		 * However, a pathname elsewhere in the tree may also
+		 * reference this same blob, so we cannot reject it yet.
+		 * Leave the LOFR_ bits unset so that if the blob appears
+		 * again in the traversal, we will be asked again.
+		 */
+		if (filter_data->omits)
+			oidset_insert(filter_data->omits, &obj->oid);
+
+		/*
+		 * Remember that at least 1 blob in this tree was
+		 * provisionally omitted.  This prevents us from short
+		 * cutting the tree in future iterations.
+		 */
+		frame->child_prov_omit = 1;
+		return LOFR_ZERO;
+	}
+}
+
+
+static void filter_sparse_free(void *filter_data)
+{
+	struct filter_sparse_data *d = filter_data;
+	/* TODO free contents of 'd' */
+	free(d);
+}
+
+static void *filter_sparse_oid__init(
+	struct oidset *omitted,
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options,
+	filter_object_fn *filter_fn,
+	filter_free_fn *filter_free_fn)
+{
+	struct filter_sparse_data *d = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*d));
+	d->omits = omitted;
+	if (add_excludes_from_blob_to_list(filter_options->sparse_oid_value,
+					   NULL, 0, &d->el) < 0)
+		die("could not load filter specification");
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(d->array_frame, d->nr + 1, d->alloc);
+	d->array_frame[d->nr].defval = 0; /* default to include */
+	d->array_frame[d->nr].child_prov_omit = 0;
+
+	*filter_fn = filter_sparse;
+	*filter_free_fn = filter_sparse_free;
+	return d;
+}
+
+static void *filter_sparse_path__init(
+	struct oidset *omitted,
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options,
+	filter_object_fn *filter_fn,
+	filter_free_fn *filter_free_fn)
+{
+	struct filter_sparse_data *d = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*d));
+	d->omits = omitted;
+	if (add_excludes_from_file_to_list(filter_options->sparse_path_value,
+					   NULL, 0, &d->el, NULL) < 0)
+		die("could not load filter specification");
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(d->array_frame, d->nr + 1, d->alloc);
+	d->array_frame[d->nr].defval = 0; /* default to include */
+	d->array_frame[d->nr].child_prov_omit = 0;
+
+	*filter_fn = filter_sparse;
+	*filter_free_fn = filter_sparse_free;
+	return d;
+}
+
+typedef void *(*filter_init_fn)(
+	struct oidset *omitted,
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options,
+	filter_object_fn *filter_fn,
+	filter_free_fn *filter_free_fn);
+
+/*
+ * Must match "enum list_objects_filter_choice".
+ */
+static filter_init_fn s_filters[] = {
+	NULL,
+	filter_blobs_none__init,
+	filter_blobs_limit__init,
+	filter_sparse_oid__init,
+	filter_sparse_path__init,
+};
+
+void *list_objects_filter__init(
+	struct oidset *omitted,
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options,
+	filter_object_fn *filter_fn,
+	filter_free_fn *filter_free_fn)
+{
+	filter_init_fn init_fn;
+
+	assert((sizeof(s_filters) / sizeof(s_filters[0])) == LOFC__COUNT);
+
+	if (filter_options->choice >= LOFC__COUNT)
+		die("invalid list-objects filter choice: %d",
+		    filter_options->choice);
+
+	init_fn = s_filters[filter_options->choice];
+	if (init_fn)
+		return init_fn(omitted, filter_options,
+			       filter_fn, filter_free_fn);
+	*filter_fn = NULL;
+	*filter_free_fn = NULL;
+	return NULL;
+}
diff --git a/list-objects-filter.h b/list-objects-filter.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a963d02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/list-objects-filter.h
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+#ifndef LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER_H
+#define LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER_H
+
+/*
+ * During list-object traversal we allow certain objects to be
+ * filtered (omitted) from the result.  The active filter uses
+ * these result values to guide list-objects.
+ *
+ * _ZERO      : Do nothing with the object at this time.  It may
+ *              be revisited if it appears in another place in
+ *              the tree or in another commit during the overall
+ *              traversal.
+ *
+ * _MARK_SEEN : Mark this object as "SEEN" in the object flags.
+ *              This will prevent it from being revisited during
+ *              the remainder of the traversal.  This DOES NOT
+ *              imply that it will be included in the results.
+ *
+ * _DO_SHOW   : Show this object in the results (call show() on it).
+ *              In general, objects should only be shown once, but
+ *              this result DOES NOT imply that we mark it SEEN.
+ *
+ * Most of the time, you want the combination (_MARK_SEEN | _DO_SHOW)
+ * but they can be used independently, such as when sparse-checkout
+ * pattern matching is being applied.
+ *
+ * A _MARK_SEEN without _DO_SHOW can be called a hard-omit -- the
+ * object is not shown and will never be reconsidered (unless a
+ * previous iteration has already shown it).
+ *
+ * A _DO_SHOW without _MARK_SEEN can be used, for example, to
+ * include a directory, but then revisit it to selectively include
+ * or omit objects within it.
+ *
+ * A _ZERO can be called a provisional-omit -- the object is NOT shown,
+ * but *may* be revisited (if the object appears again in the traversal).
+ * Therefore, it will be omitted from the results *unless* a later
+ * iteration causes it to be shown.
+ */
+enum list_objects_filter_result {
+	LOFR_ZERO      = 0,
+	LOFR_MARK_SEEN = 1<<0,
+	LOFR_DO_SHOW   = 1<<1,
+};
+
+enum list_objects_filter_situation {
+	LOFS_BEGIN_TREE,
+	LOFS_END_TREE,
+	LOFS_BLOB
+};
+
+typedef enum list_objects_filter_result (*filter_object_fn)(
+	enum list_objects_filter_situation filter_situation,
+	struct object *obj,
+	const char *pathname,
+	const char *filename,
+	void *filter_data);
+
+typedef void (*filter_free_fn)(void *filter_data);
+
+/*
+ * Constructor for the set of defined list-objects filters.
+ * Returns a generic "void *filter_data".
+ *
+ * The returned "filter_fn" will be used by traverse_commit_list()
+ * to filter the results.
+ *
+ * The returned "filter_free_fn" is a destructor for the
+ * filter_data.
+ */
+void *list_objects_filter__init(
+	struct oidset *omitted,
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options,
+	filter_object_fn *filter_fn,
+	filter_free_fn *filter_free_fn);
+
+#endif /* LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER_H */
diff --git a/list-objects.c b/list-objects.c
index b3931fa..0966cdc 100644
--- a/list-objects.c
+++ b/list-objects.c
@@ -7,16 +7,21 @@
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "list-objects.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter-options.h"
 
 static void process_blob(struct rev_info *revs,
 			 struct blob *blob,
 			 show_object_fn show,
 			 struct strbuf *path,
 			 const char *name,
-			 void *cb_data)
+			 void *cb_data,
+			 filter_object_fn filter_fn,
+			 void *filter_data)
 {
 	struct object *obj = &blob->object;
 	size_t pathlen;
+	enum list_objects_filter_result r = LOFR_MARK_SEEN | LOFR_DO_SHOW;
 
 	if (!revs->blob_objects)
 		return;
@@ -24,11 +29,17 @@
 		die("bad blob object");
 	if (obj->flags & (UNINTERESTING | SEEN))
 		return;
-	obj->flags |= SEEN;
 
 	pathlen = path->len;
 	strbuf_addstr(path, name);
-	show(obj, path->buf, cb_data);
+	if (filter_fn)
+		r = filter_fn(LOFS_BLOB, obj,
+			      path->buf, &path->buf[pathlen],
+			      filter_data);
+	if (r & LOFR_MARK_SEEN)
+		obj->flags |= SEEN;
+	if (r & LOFR_DO_SHOW)
+		show(obj, path->buf, cb_data);
 	strbuf_setlen(path, pathlen);
 }
 
@@ -69,7 +80,9 @@
 			 show_object_fn show,
 			 struct strbuf *base,
 			 const char *name,
-			 void *cb_data)
+			 void *cb_data,
+			 filter_object_fn filter_fn,
+			 void *filter_data)
 {
 	struct object *obj = &tree->object;
 	struct tree_desc desc;
@@ -77,6 +90,7 @@
 	enum interesting match = revs->diffopt.pathspec.nr == 0 ?
 		all_entries_interesting: entry_not_interesting;
 	int baselen = base->len;
+	enum list_objects_filter_result r = LOFR_MARK_SEEN | LOFR_DO_SHOW;
 
 	if (!revs->tree_objects)
 		return;
@@ -90,9 +104,15 @@
 		die("bad tree object %s", oid_to_hex(&obj->oid));
 	}
 
-	obj->flags |= SEEN;
 	strbuf_addstr(base, name);
-	show(obj, base->buf, cb_data);
+	if (filter_fn)
+		r = filter_fn(LOFS_BEGIN_TREE, obj,
+			      base->buf, &base->buf[baselen],
+			      filter_data);
+	if (r & LOFR_MARK_SEEN)
+		obj->flags |= SEEN;
+	if (r & LOFR_DO_SHOW)
+		show(obj, base->buf, cb_data);
 	if (base->len)
 		strbuf_addch(base, '/');
 
@@ -112,7 +132,7 @@
 			process_tree(revs,
 				     lookup_tree(entry.oid),
 				     show, base, entry.path,
-				     cb_data);
+				     cb_data, filter_fn, filter_data);
 		else if (S_ISGITLINK(entry.mode))
 			process_gitlink(revs, entry.oid->hash,
 					show, base, entry.path,
@@ -121,8 +141,19 @@
 			process_blob(revs,
 				     lookup_blob(entry.oid),
 				     show, base, entry.path,
-				     cb_data);
+				     cb_data, filter_fn, filter_data);
 	}
+
+	if (filter_fn) {
+		r = filter_fn(LOFS_END_TREE, obj,
+			      base->buf, &base->buf[baselen],
+			      filter_data);
+		if (r & LOFR_MARK_SEEN)
+			obj->flags |= SEEN;
+		if (r & LOFR_DO_SHOW)
+			show(obj, base->buf, cb_data);
+	}
+
 	strbuf_setlen(base, baselen);
 	free_tree_buffer(tree);
 }
@@ -183,25 +214,17 @@
 	add_pending_object(revs, &tree->object, "");
 }
 
-void traverse_commit_list(struct rev_info *revs,
-			  show_commit_fn show_commit,
-			  show_object_fn show_object,
-			  void *data)
+static void traverse_trees_and_blobs(struct rev_info *revs,
+				     struct strbuf *base,
+				     show_object_fn show_object,
+				     void *show_data,
+				     filter_object_fn filter_fn,
+				     void *filter_data)
 {
 	int i;
-	struct commit *commit;
-	struct strbuf base;
 
-	strbuf_init(&base, PATH_MAX);
-	while ((commit = get_revision(revs)) != NULL) {
-		/*
-		 * an uninteresting boundary commit may not have its tree
-		 * parsed yet, but we are not going to show them anyway
-		 */
-		if (commit->tree)
-			add_pending_tree(revs, commit->tree);
-		show_commit(commit, data);
-	}
+	assert(base->len == 0);
+
 	for (i = 0; i < revs->pending.nr; i++) {
 		struct object_array_entry *pending = revs->pending.objects + i;
 		struct object *obj = pending->item;
@@ -211,24 +234,89 @@
 			continue;
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_TAG) {
 			obj->flags |= SEEN;
-			show_object(obj, name, data);
+			show_object(obj, name, show_data);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!path)
 			path = "";
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE) {
 			process_tree(revs, (struct tree *)obj, show_object,
-				     &base, path, data);
+				     base, path, show_data,
+				     filter_fn, filter_data);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB) {
 			process_blob(revs, (struct blob *)obj, show_object,
-				     &base, path, data);
+				     base, path, show_data,
+				     filter_fn, filter_data);
 			continue;
 		}
 		die("unknown pending object %s (%s)",
 		    oid_to_hex(&obj->oid), name);
 	}
 	object_array_clear(&revs->pending);
-	strbuf_release(&base);
+}
+
+static void do_traverse(struct rev_info *revs,
+			show_commit_fn show_commit,
+			show_object_fn show_object,
+			void *show_data,
+			filter_object_fn filter_fn,
+			void *filter_data)
+{
+	struct commit *commit;
+	struct strbuf csp; /* callee's scratch pad */
+	strbuf_init(&csp, PATH_MAX);
+
+	while ((commit = get_revision(revs)) != NULL) {
+		/*
+		 * an uninteresting boundary commit may not have its tree
+		 * parsed yet, but we are not going to show them anyway
+		 */
+		if (commit->tree)
+			add_pending_tree(revs, commit->tree);
+		show_commit(commit, show_data);
+
+		if (revs->tree_blobs_in_commit_order)
+			/*
+			 * NEEDSWORK: Adding the tree and then flushing it here
+			 * needs a reallocation for each commit. Can we pass the
+			 * tree directory without allocation churn?
+			 */
+			traverse_trees_and_blobs(revs, &csp,
+						 show_object, show_data,
+						 filter_fn, filter_data);
+	}
+	traverse_trees_and_blobs(revs, &csp,
+				 show_object, show_data,
+				 filter_fn, filter_data);
+	strbuf_release(&csp);
+}
+
+void traverse_commit_list(struct rev_info *revs,
+			  show_commit_fn show_commit,
+			  show_object_fn show_object,
+			  void *show_data)
+{
+	do_traverse(revs, show_commit, show_object, show_data, NULL, NULL);
+}
+
+void traverse_commit_list_filtered(
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options,
+	struct rev_info *revs,
+	show_commit_fn show_commit,
+	show_object_fn show_object,
+	void *show_data,
+	struct oidset *omitted)
+{
+	filter_object_fn filter_fn = NULL;
+	filter_free_fn filter_free_fn = NULL;
+	void *filter_data = NULL;
+
+	filter_data = list_objects_filter__init(omitted, filter_options,
+						&filter_fn, &filter_free_fn);
+	do_traverse(revs, show_commit, show_object, show_data,
+		    filter_fn, filter_data);
+	if (filter_data && filter_free_fn)
+		filter_free_fn(filter_data);
 }
diff --git a/list-objects.h b/list-objects.h
index 0cebf85..aa618d7 100644
--- a/list-objects.h
+++ b/list-objects.h
@@ -8,4 +8,15 @@
 typedef void (*show_edge_fn)(struct commit *);
 void mark_edges_uninteresting(struct rev_info *, show_edge_fn);
 
-#endif
+struct oidset;
+struct list_objects_filter_options;
+
+void traverse_commit_list_filtered(
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options,
+	struct rev_info *revs,
+	show_commit_fn show_commit,
+	show_object_fn show_object,
+	void *show_data,
+	struct oidset *omitted);
+
+#endif /* LIST_OBJECTS_H */
diff --git a/merge-recursive.c b/merge-recursive.c
index 2ecf495..780f81a 100644
--- a/merge-recursive.c
+++ b/merge-recursive.c
@@ -1952,6 +1952,13 @@
 	}
 
 	if (oid_eq(&common->object.oid, &merge->object.oid)) {
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		if (index_has_changes(&sb)) {
+			err(o, _("Dirty index: cannot merge (dirty: %s)"),
+			    sb.buf);
+			return 0;
+		}
 		output(o, 0, _("Already up to date!"));
 		*result = head;
 		return 1;
diff --git a/merge.c b/merge.c
index e5d796c..195b578 100644
--- a/merge.c
+++ b/merge.c
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "diffcore.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
@@ -15,6 +17,37 @@
 		return EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX;
 }
 
+int index_has_changes(struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	struct object_id head;
+	int i;
+
+	if (!get_oid_tree("HEAD", &head)) {
+		struct diff_options opt;
+
+		diff_setup(&opt);
+		opt.flags.exit_with_status = 1;
+		if (!sb)
+			opt.flags.quick = 1;
+		do_diff_cache(&head, &opt);
+		diffcore_std(&opt);
+		for (i = 0; sb && i < diff_queued_diff.nr; i++) {
+			if (i)
+				strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, diff_queued_diff.queue[i]->two->path);
+		}
+		diff_flush(&opt);
+		return opt.flags.has_changes != 0;
+	} else {
+		for (i = 0; sb && i < active_nr; i++) {
+			if (i)
+				strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, active_cache[i]->name);
+		}
+		return !!active_nr;
+	}
+}
+
 int try_merge_command(const char *strategy, size_t xopts_nr,
 		      const char **xopts, struct commit_list *common,
 		      const char *head_arg, struct commit_list *remotes)
diff --git a/object.h b/object.h
index df8abe9..f34461d 100644
--- a/object.h
+++ b/object.h
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
  * http-push.c:                            16-----19
  * commit.c:                               16-----19
  * sha1_name.c:                                     20
+ * list-objects-filter.c:                             21
  * builtin/fsck.c:  0--3
  */
 #define FLAG_BITS  27
diff --git a/oidmap.h b/oidmap.h
index 18f54cd..d3cd2bb 100644
--- a/oidmap.h
+++ b/oidmap.h
@@ -65,4 +65,26 @@
  */
 extern void *oidmap_remove(struct oidmap *map, const struct object_id *key);
 
+
+struct oidmap_iter {
+	struct hashmap_iter h_iter;
+};
+
+static inline void oidmap_iter_init(struct oidmap *map, struct oidmap_iter *iter)
+{
+	hashmap_iter_init(&map->map, &iter->h_iter);
+}
+
+static inline void *oidmap_iter_next(struct oidmap_iter *iter)
+{
+	return hashmap_iter_next(&iter->h_iter);
+}
+
+static inline void *oidmap_iter_first(struct oidmap *map,
+				      struct oidmap_iter *iter)
+{
+	oidmap_iter_init(map, iter);
+	return oidmap_iter_next(iter);
+}
+
 #endif
diff --git a/oidset.c b/oidset.c
index f1f874a..454c54f 100644
--- a/oidset.c
+++ b/oidset.c
@@ -24,6 +24,16 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int oidset_remove(struct oidset *set, const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	struct oidmap_entry *entry;
+
+	entry = oidmap_remove(&set->map, oid);
+	free(entry);
+
+	return (entry != NULL);
+}
+
 void oidset_clear(struct oidset *set)
 {
 	oidmap_free(&set->map, 1);
diff --git a/oidset.h b/oidset.h
index f4c9e0f..783abce 100644
--- a/oidset.h
+++ b/oidset.h
@@ -24,6 +24,12 @@
 
 #define OIDSET_INIT { OIDMAP_INIT }
 
+
+static inline void oidset_init(struct oidset *set, size_t initial_size)
+{
+	return oidmap_init(&set->map, initial_size);
+}
+
 /**
  * Returns true iff `set` contains `oid`.
  */
@@ -39,9 +45,39 @@
 int oidset_insert(struct oidset *set, const struct object_id *oid);
 
 /**
+ * Remove the oid from the set.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 if the oid was present in the set, 0 otherwise.
+ */
+int oidset_remove(struct oidset *set, const struct object_id *oid);
+
+/**
  * Remove all entries from the oidset, freeing any resources associated with
  * it.
  */
 void oidset_clear(struct oidset *set);
 
+struct oidset_iter {
+	struct oidmap_iter m_iter;
+};
+
+static inline void oidset_iter_init(struct oidset *set,
+				    struct oidset_iter *iter)
+{
+	oidmap_iter_init(&set->map, &iter->m_iter);
+}
+
+static inline struct object_id *oidset_iter_next(struct oidset_iter *iter)
+{
+	struct oidmap_entry *e = oidmap_iter_next(&iter->m_iter);
+	return e ? &e->oid : NULL;
+}
+
+static inline struct object_id *oidset_iter_first(struct oidset *set,
+						  struct oidset_iter *iter)
+{
+	oidset_iter_init(set, iter);
+	return oidset_iter_next(iter);
+}
+
 #endif /* OIDSET_H */
diff --git a/path.h b/path.h
index 9541620..1ccd037 100644
--- a/path.h
+++ b/path.h
@@ -4,53 +4,144 @@
 struct repository;
 
 /*
- * Return a statically allocated filename, either generically (mkpath), in
- * the repository directory (git_path), or in a submodule's repository
- * directory (git_path_submodule). In all cases, note that the result
- * may be overwritten by another call to _any_ of the functions. Consider
- * using the safer "dup" or "strbuf" formats below (in some cases, the
- * unsafe versions have already been removed).
+ * The result to all functions which return statically allocated memory may be
+ * overwritten by another call to _any_ one of these functions. Consider using
+ * the safer variants which operate on strbufs or return allocated memory.
  */
-extern const char *mkpath(const char *fmt, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
-extern const char *git_path(const char *fmt, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
-extern const char *git_common_path(const char *fmt, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 
+/*
+ * Return a statically allocated path.
+ */
+extern const char *mkpath(const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
+
+/*
+ * Return a path.
+ */
+extern char *mkpathdup(const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
+
+/*
+ * Construct a path and place the result in the provided buffer `buf`.
+ */
 extern char *mksnpath(char *buf, size_t n, const char *fmt, ...)
 	__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)));
-extern void strbuf_git_path(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, ...)
-	__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
+
+/*
+ * The `git_common_path` family of functions will construct a path into a
+ * repository's common git directory, which is shared by all worktrees.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Constructs a path into the common git directory of repository `repo` and
+ * append it in the provided buffer `sb`.
+ */
 extern void strbuf_git_common_path(struct strbuf *sb,
 				   const struct repository *repo,
 				   const char *fmt, ...)
 	__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)));
-extern char *git_path_buf(struct strbuf *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
-	__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
-extern int strbuf_git_path_submodule(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path,
-				     const char *fmt, ...)
-	__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)));
-extern char *git_pathdup(const char *fmt, ...)
-	__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
-extern char *mkpathdup(const char *fmt, ...)
-	__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
-extern char *git_pathdup_submodule(const char *path, const char *fmt, ...)
-	__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
 
+/*
+ * Return a statically allocated path into the main repository's
+ * (the_repository) common git directory.
+ */
+extern const char *git_common_path(const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
+
+
+/*
+ * The `git_path` family of functions will construct a path into a repository's
+ * git directory.
+ *
+ * These functions will perform adjustments to the resultant path to account
+ * for special paths which are either considered common among worktrees (e.g.
+ * paths into the object directory) or have been explicitly set via an
+ * environment variable or config (e.g. path to the index file).
+ *
+ * For an exhaustive list of the adjustments made look at `common_list` and
+ * `adjust_git_path` in path.c.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Return a path into the git directory of repository `repo`.
+ */
 extern char *repo_git_path(const struct repository *repo,
 			   const char *fmt, ...)
 	__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
+
+/*
+ * Construct a path into the git directory of repository `repo` and append it
+ * to the provided buffer `sb`.
+ */
 extern void strbuf_repo_git_path(struct strbuf *sb,
 				 const struct repository *repo,
 				 const char *fmt, ...)
 	__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)));
 
+/*
+ * Return a statically allocated path into the main repository's
+ * (the_repository) git directory.
+ */
+extern const char *git_path(const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
+
+/*
+ * Return a path into the main repository's (the_repository) git directory.
+ */
+extern char *git_pathdup(const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
+
+/*
+ * Construct a path into the main repository's (the_repository) git directory
+ * and place it in the provided buffer `buf`, the contents of the buffer will
+ * be overridden.
+ */
+extern char *git_path_buf(struct strbuf *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
+
+/*
+ * Construct a path into the main repository's (the_repository) git directory
+ * and append it to the provided buffer `sb`.
+ */
+extern void strbuf_git_path(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
+
+/*
+ * Return a path into the worktree of repository `repo`.
+ *
+ * If the repository doesn't have a worktree NULL is returned.
+ */
 extern char *repo_worktree_path(const struct repository *repo,
 				const char *fmt, ...)
 	__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
+
+/*
+ * Construct a path into the worktree of repository `repo` and append it
+ * to the provided buffer `sb`.
+ *
+ * If the repository doesn't have a worktree nothing will be appended to `sb`.
+ */
 extern void strbuf_repo_worktree_path(struct strbuf *sb,
 				      const struct repository *repo,
 				      const char *fmt, ...)
 	__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)));
 
+/*
+ * Return a path into a submodule's git directory located at `path`.  `path`
+ * must only reference a submodule of the main repository (the_repository).
+ */
+extern char *git_pathdup_submodule(const char *path, const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
+
+/*
+ * Construct a path into a submodule's git directory located at `path` and
+ * append it to the provided buffer `sb`.  `path` must only reference a
+ * submodule of the main repository (the_repository).
+ */
+extern int strbuf_git_path_submodule(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path,
+				     const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)));
+
 extern void report_linked_checkout_garbage(void);
 
 /*
diff --git a/pretty.h b/pretty.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5c85d94
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pretty.h
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+#ifndef PRETTY_H
+#define PRETTY_H
+
+struct commit;
+
+/* Commit formats */
+enum cmit_fmt {
+	CMIT_FMT_RAW,
+	CMIT_FMT_MEDIUM,
+	CMIT_FMT_DEFAULT = CMIT_FMT_MEDIUM,
+	CMIT_FMT_SHORT,
+	CMIT_FMT_FULL,
+	CMIT_FMT_FULLER,
+	CMIT_FMT_ONELINE,
+	CMIT_FMT_EMAIL,
+	CMIT_FMT_MBOXRD,
+	CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT,
+
+	CMIT_FMT_UNSPECIFIED
+};
+
+struct pretty_print_context {
+	/*
+	 * Callers should tweak these to change the behavior of pp_* functions.
+	 */
+	enum cmit_fmt fmt;
+	int abbrev;
+	const char *after_subject;
+	int preserve_subject;
+	struct date_mode date_mode;
+	unsigned date_mode_explicit:1;
+	int print_email_subject;
+	int expand_tabs_in_log;
+	int need_8bit_cte;
+	char *notes_message;
+	struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info;
+	struct rev_info *rev;
+	const char *output_encoding;
+	struct string_list *mailmap;
+	int color;
+	struct ident_split *from_ident;
+
+	/*
+	 * Fields below here are manipulated internally by pp_* functions and
+	 * should not be counted on by callers.
+	 */
+	struct string_list in_body_headers;
+	int graph_width;
+};
+
+/* Check whether commit format is mail. */
+static inline int cmit_fmt_is_mail(enum cmit_fmt fmt)
+{
+	return (fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL || fmt == CMIT_FMT_MBOXRD);
+}
+
+struct userformat_want {
+	unsigned notes:1;
+};
+
+/* Set the flag "w->notes" if there is placeholder %N in "fmt". */
+void userformat_find_requirements(const char *fmt, struct userformat_want *w);
+
+/*
+ * Shortcut for invoking pretty_print_commit if we do not have any context.
+ * Context would be set empty except "fmt".
+ */
+void pp_commit_easy(enum cmit_fmt fmt, const struct commit *commit,
+			struct strbuf *sb);
+
+/*
+ * Get information about user and date from "line", format it and
+ * put it into "sb".
+ * Format of "line" must be readable for split_ident_line function.
+ * The resulting format is "what: name <email> date".
+ */
+void pp_user_info(struct pretty_print_context *pp, const char *what,
+			struct strbuf *sb, const char *line,
+			const char *encoding);
+
+/*
+ * Format title line of commit message taken from "msg_p" and
+ * put it into "sb".
+ * First line of "msg_p" is also affected.
+ */
+void pp_title_line(struct pretty_print_context *pp, const char **msg_p,
+			struct strbuf *sb, const char *encoding,
+			int need_8bit_cte);
+
+/*
+ * Get current state of commit message from "msg_p" and continue formatting
+ * by adding indentation and '>' signs. Put result into "sb".
+ */
+void pp_remainder(struct pretty_print_context *pp, const char **msg_p,
+			struct strbuf *sb, int indent);
+
+/*
+ * Create a text message about commit using given "format" and "context".
+ * Put the result to "sb".
+ * Please use this function for custom formats.
+ */
+void format_commit_message(const struct commit *commit,
+			const char *format, struct strbuf *sb,
+			const struct pretty_print_context *context);
+
+/*
+ * Parse given arguments from "arg", check it for correctness and
+ * fill struct rev_info.
+ */
+void get_commit_format(const char *arg, struct rev_info *);
+
+/*
+ * Make a commit message with all rules from given "pp"
+ * and put it into "sb".
+ * Please use this function if you have a context (candidate for "pp").
+ */
+void pretty_print_commit(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
+			const struct commit *commit,
+			struct strbuf *sb);
+
+/*
+ * Change line breaks in "msg" to "line_separator" and put it into "sb".
+ * Return "msg" itself.
+ */
+const char *format_subject(struct strbuf *sb, const char *msg,
+			const char *line_separator);
+
+/* Check if "cmit_fmt" will produce an empty output. */
+int commit_format_is_empty(enum cmit_fmt);
+
+#endif /* PRETTY_H */
diff --git a/revision.c b/revision.c
index f6a3da5..72f2b45 100644
--- a/revision.c
+++ b/revision.c
@@ -1855,6 +1855,8 @@
 		revs->dense = 0;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--show-all")) {
 		revs->show_all = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--in-commit-order")) {
+		revs->tree_blobs_in_commit_order = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--remove-empty")) {
 		revs->remove_empty_trees = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--merges")) {
diff --git a/revision.h b/revision.h
index 5476120..19dc9bd 100644
--- a/revision.h
+++ b/revision.h
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "grep.h"
 #include "notes.h"
-#include "commit.h"
+#include "pretty.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 
 /* Remember to update object flag allocation in object.h */
@@ -121,7 +121,8 @@
 			bisect:1,
 			ancestry_path:1,
 			first_parent_only:1,
-			line_level_traverse:1;
+			line_level_traverse:1,
+			tree_blobs_in_commit_order:1;
 
 	/* Diff flags */
 	unsigned int	diff:1,
diff --git a/sequencer.c b/sequencer.c
index c8cb20c..894d12a 100644
--- a/sequencer.c
+++ b/sequencer.c
@@ -797,6 +797,13 @@
 	die("Unknown command: %d", command);
 }
 
+static char command_to_char(const enum todo_command command)
+{
+	if (command < TODO_COMMENT && todo_command_info[command].c)
+		return todo_command_info[command].c;
+	return comment_line_char;
+}
+
 static int is_noop(const enum todo_command command)
 {
 	return TODO_NOOP <= command;
@@ -1270,6 +1277,7 @@
 	bol += padding;
 
 	if (item->command == TODO_EXEC) {
+		item->commit = NULL;
 		item->arg = bol;
 		item->arg_len = (int)(eol - bol);
 		return 0;
@@ -2445,14 +2453,16 @@
 	strbuf_release(&sob);
 }
 
-int sequencer_make_script(int keep_empty, FILE *out,
-		int argc, const char **argv)
+int sequencer_make_script(FILE *out, int argc, const char **argv,
+			  unsigned flags)
 {
 	char *format = NULL;
 	struct pretty_print_context pp = {0};
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct rev_info revs;
 	struct commit *commit;
+	int keep_empty = flags & TODO_LIST_KEEP_EMPTY;
+	const char *insn = flags & TODO_LIST_ABBREVIATE_CMDS ? "p" : "pick";
 
 	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
 	revs.verbose_header = 1;
@@ -2485,7 +2495,8 @@
 		strbuf_reset(&buf);
 		if (!keep_empty && is_original_commit_empty(commit))
 			strbuf_addf(&buf, "%c ", comment_line_char);
-		strbuf_addf(&buf, "pick %s ", oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s %s ", insn,
+			    oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 		pretty_print_commit(&pp, commit, &buf);
 		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
 		fputs(buf.buf, out);
@@ -2494,61 +2505,90 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-int transform_todo_ids(int shorten_ids)
+/*
+ * Add commands after pick and (series of) squash/fixup commands
+ * in the todo list.
+ */
+int sequencer_add_exec_commands(const char *commands)
 {
 	const char *todo_file = rebase_path_todo();
 	struct todo_list todo_list = TODO_LIST_INIT;
-	int fd, res, i;
-	FILE *out;
+	struct todo_item *item;
+	struct strbuf *buf = &todo_list.buf;
+	size_t offset = 0, commands_len = strlen(commands);
+	int i, first;
 
-	strbuf_reset(&todo_list.buf);
-	fd = open(todo_file, O_RDONLY);
-	if (fd < 0)
-		return error_errno(_("could not open '%s'"), todo_file);
-	if (strbuf_read(&todo_list.buf, fd, 0) < 0) {
-		close(fd);
+	if (strbuf_read_file(&todo_list.buf, todo_file, 0) < 0)
 		return error(_("could not read '%s'."), todo_file);
-	}
-	close(fd);
 
-	res = parse_insn_buffer(todo_list.buf.buf, &todo_list);
-	if (res) {
+	if (parse_insn_buffer(todo_list.buf.buf, &todo_list)) {
 		todo_list_release(&todo_list);
 		return error(_("unusable todo list: '%s'"), todo_file);
 	}
 
-	out = fopen(todo_file, "w");
-	if (!out) {
-		todo_list_release(&todo_list);
-		return error(_("unable to open '%s' for writing"), todo_file);
-	}
-	for (i = 0; i < todo_list.nr; i++) {
-		struct todo_item *item = todo_list.items + i;
-		int bol = item->offset_in_buf;
-		const char *p = todo_list.buf.buf + bol;
-		int eol = i + 1 < todo_list.nr ?
-			todo_list.items[i + 1].offset_in_buf :
-			todo_list.buf.len;
-
-		if (item->command >= TODO_EXEC && item->command != TODO_DROP)
-			fwrite(p, eol - bol, 1, out);
-		else {
-			const char *id = shorten_ids ?
-				short_commit_name(item->commit) :
-				oid_to_hex(&item->commit->object.oid);
-			int len;
-
-			p += strspn(p, " \t"); /* left-trim command */
-			len = strcspn(p, " \t"); /* length of command */
-
-			fprintf(out, "%.*s %s %.*s\n",
-				len, p, id, item->arg_len, item->arg);
+	first = 1;
+	/* insert <commands> before every pick except the first one */
+	for (item = todo_list.items, i = 0; i < todo_list.nr; i++, item++) {
+		if (item->command == TODO_PICK && !first) {
+			strbuf_insert(buf, item->offset_in_buf + offset,
+				      commands, commands_len);
+			offset += commands_len;
 		}
+		first = 0;
 	}
-	fclose(out);
+
+	/* append final <commands> */
+	strbuf_add(buf, commands, commands_len);
+
+	i = write_message(buf->buf, buf->len, todo_file, 0);
 	todo_list_release(&todo_list);
-	return 0;
+	return i;
+}
+
+int transform_todos(unsigned flags)
+{
+	const char *todo_file = rebase_path_todo();
+	struct todo_list todo_list = TODO_LIST_INIT;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct todo_item *item;
+	int i;
+
+	if (strbuf_read_file(&todo_list.buf, todo_file, 0) < 0)
+		return error(_("could not read '%s'."), todo_file);
+
+	if (parse_insn_buffer(todo_list.buf.buf, &todo_list)) {
+		todo_list_release(&todo_list);
+		return error(_("unusable todo list: '%s'"), todo_file);
+	}
+
+	for (item = todo_list.items, i = 0; i < todo_list.nr; i++, item++) {
+		/* if the item is not a command write it and continue */
+		if (item->command >= TODO_COMMENT) {
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "%.*s\n", item->arg_len, item->arg);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* add command to the buffer */
+		if (flags & TODO_LIST_ABBREVIATE_CMDS)
+			strbuf_addch(&buf, command_to_char(item->command));
+		else
+			strbuf_addstr(&buf, command_to_string(item->command));
+
+		/* add commit id */
+		if (item->commit) {
+			const char *oid = flags & TODO_LIST_SHORTEN_IDS ?
+					  short_commit_name(item->commit) :
+					  oid_to_hex(&item->commit->object.oid);
+
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, " %s", oid);
+		}
+		/* add all the rest */
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, " %.*s\n", item->arg_len, item->arg);
+	}
+
+	i = write_message(buf.buf, buf.len, todo_file, 0);
+	todo_list_release(&todo_list);
+	return i;
 }
 
 enum check_level {
diff --git a/sequencer.h b/sequencer.h
index 6f3d3df..81f6d7d 100644
--- a/sequencer.h
+++ b/sequencer.h
@@ -45,10 +45,14 @@
 int sequencer_rollback(struct replay_opts *opts);
 int sequencer_remove_state(struct replay_opts *opts);
 
-int sequencer_make_script(int keep_empty, FILE *out,
-		int argc, const char **argv);
+#define TODO_LIST_KEEP_EMPTY (1U << 0)
+#define TODO_LIST_SHORTEN_IDS (1U << 1)
+#define TODO_LIST_ABBREVIATE_CMDS (1U << 2)
+int sequencer_make_script(FILE *out, int argc, const char **argv,
+			  unsigned flags);
 
-int transform_todo_ids(int shorten_ids);
+int sequencer_add_exec_commands(const char *command);
+int transform_todos(unsigned flags);
 int check_todo_list(void);
 int skip_unnecessary_picks(void);
 int rearrange_squash(void);
diff --git a/strbuf.c b/strbuf.c
index 323c49c..1df674e 100644
--- a/strbuf.c
+++ b/strbuf.c
@@ -11,6 +11,28 @@
 			return 0;
 }
 
+int skip_to_optional_arg_default(const char *str, const char *prefix,
+				 const char **arg, const char *def)
+{
+	const char *p;
+
+	if (!skip_prefix(str, prefix, &p))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!*p) {
+		if (arg)
+			*arg = def;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (*p != '=')
+		return 0;
+
+	if (arg)
+		*arg = p + 1;
+	return 1;
+}
+
 /*
  * Used as the default ->buf value, so that people can always assume
  * buf is non NULL and ->buf is NUL terminated even for a freshly
@@ -386,12 +408,15 @@
 
 ssize_t strbuf_read_once(struct strbuf *sb, int fd, size_t hint)
 {
+	size_t oldalloc = sb->alloc;
 	ssize_t cnt;
 
 	strbuf_grow(sb, hint ? hint : 8192);
 	cnt = xread(fd, sb->buf + sb->len, sb->alloc - sb->len - 1);
 	if (cnt > 0)
 		strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len + cnt);
+	else if (oldalloc == 0)
+		strbuf_release(sb);
 	return cnt;
 }
 
@@ -658,7 +683,7 @@
 		    (!reserved && is_rfc3986_reserved(ch)))
 			strbuf_addch(sb, ch);
 		else
-			strbuf_addf(sb, "%%%02x", ch);
+			strbuf_addf(sb, "%%%02x", (unsigned char)ch);
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/submodule.c b/submodule.c
index fa25888..2967704 100644
--- a/submodule.c
+++ b/submodule.c
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+#define NO_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
+
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "repository.h"
 #include "config.h"
@@ -55,14 +57,15 @@
  * future version when we learn to stage the changes we do ourselves without
  * staging any previous modifications.
  */
-int is_staging_gitmodules_ok(const struct index_state *istate)
+int is_staging_gitmodules_ok(struct index_state *istate)
 {
 	int pos = index_name_pos(istate, GITMODULES_FILE, strlen(GITMODULES_FILE));
 
 	if ((pos >= 0) && (pos < istate->cache_nr)) {
 		struct stat st;
 		if (lstat(GITMODULES_FILE, &st) == 0 &&
-		    ce_match_stat(istate->cache[pos], &st, CE_MATCH_IGNORE_FSMONITOR) & DATA_CHANGED)
+		    ie_match_stat(istate, istate->cache[pos], &st,
+				  CE_MATCH_IGNORE_FSMONITOR) & DATA_CHANGED)
 			return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -143,9 +146,9 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void stage_updated_gitmodules(void)
+void stage_updated_gitmodules(struct index_state *istate)
 {
-	if (add_file_to_cache(GITMODULES_FILE, 0))
+	if (add_file_to_index(istate, GITMODULES_FILE, 0))
 		die(_("staging updated .gitmodules failed"));
 }
 
@@ -1178,7 +1181,7 @@
 struct submodule_parallel_fetch {
 	int count;
 	struct argv_array args;
-	const char *work_tree;
+	struct repository *r;
 	const char *prefix;
 	int command_line_option;
 	int default_option;
@@ -1199,7 +1202,7 @@
 
 		int fetch_recurse = submodule->fetch_recurse;
 		key = xstrfmt("submodule.%s.fetchRecurseSubmodules", submodule->name);
-		if (!repo_config_get_string_const(the_repository, key, &value)) {
+		if (!repo_config_get_string_const(spf->r, key, &value)) {
 			fetch_recurse = parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(key, value);
 		}
 		free(key);
@@ -1218,11 +1221,11 @@
 	int ret = 0;
 	struct submodule_parallel_fetch *spf = data;
 
-	for (; spf->count < active_nr; spf->count++) {
+	for (; spf->count < spf->r->index->cache_nr; spf->count++) {
 		struct strbuf submodule_path = STRBUF_INIT;
 		struct strbuf submodule_git_dir = STRBUF_INIT;
 		struct strbuf submodule_prefix = STRBUF_INIT;
-		const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[spf->count];
+		const struct cache_entry *ce = spf->r->index->cache[spf->count];
 		const char *git_dir, *default_argv;
 		const struct submodule *submodule;
 		struct submodule default_submodule = SUBMODULE_INIT;
@@ -1230,7 +1233,7 @@
 		if (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
 			continue;
 
-		submodule = submodule_from_path(&null_oid, ce->name);
+		submodule = submodule_from_cache(spf->r, &null_oid, ce->name);
 		if (!submodule) {
 			const char *name = default_name_or_path(ce->name);
 			if (name) {
@@ -1256,7 +1259,7 @@
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		strbuf_addf(&submodule_path, "%s/%s", spf->work_tree, ce->name);
+		strbuf_repo_worktree_path(&submodule_path, spf->r, "%s", ce->name);
 		strbuf_addf(&submodule_git_dir, "%s/.git", submodule_path.buf);
 		strbuf_addf(&submodule_prefix, "%s%s/", spf->prefix, ce->name);
 		git_dir = read_gitfile(submodule_git_dir.buf);
@@ -1309,7 +1312,8 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int fetch_populated_submodules(const struct argv_array *options,
+int fetch_populated_submodules(struct repository *r,
+			       const struct argv_array *options,
 			       const char *prefix, int command_line_option,
 			       int default_option,
 			       int quiet, int max_parallel_jobs)
@@ -1317,16 +1321,16 @@
 	int i;
 	struct submodule_parallel_fetch spf = SPF_INIT;
 
-	spf.work_tree = get_git_work_tree();
+	spf.r = r;
 	spf.command_line_option = command_line_option;
 	spf.default_option = default_option;
 	spf.quiet = quiet;
 	spf.prefix = prefix;
 
-	if (!spf.work_tree)
+	if (!r->worktree)
 		goto out;
 
-	if (read_cache() < 0)
+	if (repo_read_index(r) < 0)
 		die("index file corrupt");
 
 	argv_array_push(&spf.args, "fetch");
diff --git a/submodule.h b/submodule.h
index f0da027..b9b7ef0 100644
--- a/submodule.h
+++ b/submodule.h
@@ -34,10 +34,10 @@
 #define SUBMODULE_UPDATE_STRATEGY_INIT {SM_UPDATE_UNSPECIFIED, NULL}
 
 extern int is_gitmodules_unmerged(const struct index_state *istate);
-extern int is_staging_gitmodules_ok(const struct index_state *istate);
+extern int is_staging_gitmodules_ok(struct index_state *istate);
 extern int update_path_in_gitmodules(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath);
 extern int remove_path_from_gitmodules(const char *path);
-extern void stage_updated_gitmodules(void);
+extern void stage_updated_gitmodules(struct index_state *istate);
 extern void set_diffopt_flags_from_submodule_config(struct diff_options *,
 		const char *path);
 extern int git_default_submodule_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
@@ -76,10 +76,12 @@
  */
 extern const struct submodule *submodule_from_ce(const struct cache_entry *ce);
 extern void check_for_new_submodule_commits(struct object_id *oid);
-extern int fetch_populated_submodules(const struct argv_array *options,
-			       const char *prefix, int command_line_option,
-			       int default_option,
-			       int quiet, int max_parallel_jobs);
+extern int fetch_populated_submodules(struct repository *r,
+				      const struct argv_array *options,
+				      const char *prefix,
+				      int command_line_option,
+				      int default_option,
+				      int quiet, int max_parallel_jobs);
 extern unsigned is_submodule_modified(const char *path, int ignore_untracked);
 extern int submodule_uses_gitfile(const char *path);
 
diff --git a/t/Makefile b/t/Makefile
index 1bb06c3..96317a3 100644
--- a/t/Makefile
+++ b/t/Makefile
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 
 #GIT_TEST_OPTS = --verbose --debug
 SHELL_PATH ?= $(SHELL)
+TEST_SHELL_PATH ?= $(SHELL_PATH)
 PERL_PATH ?= /usr/bin/perl
 TAR ?= $(TAR)
 RM ?= rm -f
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@
 
 # Shell quote;
 SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH))
+TEST_SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(TEST_SHELL_PATH))
 PERL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(PERL_PATH))
 TEST_RESULTS_DIRECTORY_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(TEST_RESULTS_DIRECTORY))
 
@@ -42,11 +44,11 @@
 	test -z "$$failed" || $(MAKE) $$failed
 
 prove: pre-clean $(TEST_LINT)
-	@echo "*** prove ***"; $(PROVE) --exec '$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' $(GIT_PROVE_OPTS) $(T) :: $(GIT_TEST_OPTS)
+	@echo "*** prove ***"; $(PROVE) --exec '$(TEST_SHELL_PATH_SQ)' $(GIT_PROVE_OPTS) $(T) :: $(GIT_TEST_OPTS)
 	$(MAKE) clean-except-prove-cache
 
 $(T):
-	@echo "*** $@ ***"; '$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' $@ $(GIT_TEST_OPTS)
+	@echo "*** $@ ***"; '$(TEST_SHELL_PATH_SQ)' $@ $(GIT_TEST_OPTS)
 
 pre-clean:
 	$(RM) -r '$(TEST_RESULTS_DIRECTORY_SQ)'
diff --git a/t/helper/.gitignore b/t/helper/.gitignore
index d02f9b3..2bad28a 100644
--- a/t/helper/.gitignore
+++ b/t/helper/.gitignore
@@ -1,40 +1,5 @@
-/test-chmtime
-/test-ctype
-/test-config
-/test-date
-/test-delta
-/test-drop-caches
-/test-dump-cache-tree
-/test-dump-fsmonitor
-/test-dump-split-index
-/test-dump-untracked-cache
-/test-fake-ssh
-/test-scrap-cache-tree
-/test-genrandom
-/test-hashmap
-/test-index-version
-/test-lazy-init-name-hash
-/test-line-buffer
-/test-match-trees
-/test-mergesort
-/test-mktemp
-/test-online-cpus
-/test-parse-options
-/test-path-utils
-/test-prio-queue
-/test-read-cache
-/test-ref-store
-/test-regex
-/test-revision-walking
-/test-run-command
-/test-sha1
-/test-sha1-array
-/test-sigchain
-/test-strcmp-offset
-/test-string-list
-/test-submodule-config
-/test-subprocess
-/test-svn-fe
-/test-urlmatch-normalization
-/test-wildmatch
-/test-write-cache
+*
+!*.sh
+!*.[ch]
+!*.gitignore
+
diff --git a/t/helper/test-example-decorate.c b/t/helper/test-example-decorate.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..90dc97a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-example-decorate.c
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "object.h"
+#include "decorate.h"
+
+int cmd_main(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	struct decoration n;
+	struct object_id one_oid = { {1} };
+	struct object_id two_oid = { {2} };
+	struct object_id three_oid = { {3} };
+	struct object *one, *two, *three;
+
+	int decoration_a, decoration_b;
+
+	void *ret;
+
+	int i, objects_noticed = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * The struct must be zero-initialized.
+	 */
+	memset(&n, 0, sizeof(n));
+
+	/*
+	 * Add 2 objects, one with a non-NULL decoration and one with a NULL
+	 * decoration.
+	 */
+	one = lookup_unknown_object(one_oid.hash);
+	two = lookup_unknown_object(two_oid.hash);
+	ret = add_decoration(&n, one, &decoration_a);
+	if (ret)
+		die("BUG: when adding a brand-new object, NULL should be returned");
+	ret = add_decoration(&n, two, NULL);
+	if (ret)
+		die("BUG: when adding a brand-new object, NULL should be returned");
+
+	/*
+	 * When re-adding an already existing object, the old decoration is
+	 * returned.
+	 */
+	ret = add_decoration(&n, one, NULL);
+	if (ret != &decoration_a)
+		die("BUG: when readding an already existing object, existing decoration should be returned");
+	ret = add_decoration(&n, two, &decoration_b);
+	if (ret)
+		die("BUG: when readding an already existing object, existing decoration should be returned");
+
+	/*
+	 * Lookup returns the added declarations, or NULL if the object was
+	 * never added.
+	 */
+	ret = lookup_decoration(&n, one);
+	if (ret)
+		die("BUG: lookup should return added declaration");
+	ret = lookup_decoration(&n, two);
+	if (ret != &decoration_b)
+		die("BUG: lookup should return added declaration");
+	three = lookup_unknown_object(three_oid.hash);
+	ret = lookup_decoration(&n, three);
+	if (ret)
+		die("BUG: lookup for unknown object should return NULL");
+
+	/*
+	 * The user can also loop through all entries.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < n.size; i++) {
+		if (n.entries[i].base)
+			objects_noticed++;
+	}
+	if (objects_noticed != 2)
+		die("BUG: should have 2 objects");
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/lib-git-svn.sh b/t/lib-git-svn.sh
index 688313e..4c1f81f 100644
--- a/t/lib-git-svn.sh
+++ b/t/lib-git-svn.sh
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@
 svn >/dev/null 2>&1
 if test $? -ne 1
 then
-    skip_all='skipping git svn tests, svn not found'
-    test_done
+	skip_all='skipping git svn tests, svn not found'
+	test_done
 fi
 
 svnrepo=$PWD/svnrepo
@@ -110,18 +110,20 @@
 }
 
 require_svnserve () {
-    if test -z "$SVNSERVE_PORT"
-    then
-	skip_all='skipping svnserve test. (set $SVNSERVE_PORT to enable)'
-        test_done
-    fi
+	test_tristate GIT_TEST_SVNSERVE
+	if ! test "$GIT_TEST_SVNSERVE" = true
+	then
+		skip_all='skipping svnserve test. (set $GIT_TEST_SVNSERVE to enable)'
+		test_done
+	fi
 }
 
 start_svnserve () {
-    svnserve --listen-port $SVNSERVE_PORT \
-             --root "$rawsvnrepo" \
-             --listen-once \
-             --listen-host 127.0.0.1 &
+	SVNSERVE_PORT=${SVNSERVE_PORT-${this_test#t}}
+	svnserve --listen-port $SVNSERVE_PORT \
+		 --root "$rawsvnrepo" \
+		 --listen-once \
+		 --listen-host 127.0.0.1 &
 }
 
 prepare_a_utf8_locale () {
diff --git a/t/perf/p7519-fsmonitor.sh b/t/perf/p7519-fsmonitor.sh
index 16d1bf7..65e145c 100755
--- a/t/perf/p7519-fsmonitor.sh
+++ b/t/perf/p7519-fsmonitor.sh
@@ -40,8 +40,7 @@
 '
 
 test_lazy_prereq WATCHMAN '
-	{ command -v watchman >/dev/null 2>&1; ret=$?; } &&
-	test $ret -ne 1
+	command -v watchman
 '
 
 if test_have_prereq WATCHMAN
diff --git a/t/t0027-auto-crlf.sh b/t/t0027-auto-crlf.sh
index 68108d9..beb5927 100755
--- a/t/t0027-auto-crlf.sh
+++ b/t/t0027-auto-crlf.sh
@@ -43,19 +43,31 @@
 	} >.gitattributes
 }
 
-create_NNO_files () {
+# Create 2 sets of files:
+# The NNO files are "Not NOrmalized in the repo. We use CRLF_mix_LF and store
+#   it under different names for the different test cases, see ${pfx}
+#   Depending on .gitattributes they are normalized at the next commit (or not)
+# The MIX files have different contents in the repo.
+#   Depending on its contents, the "new safer autocrlf" may kick in.
+create_NNO_MIX_files () {
 	for crlf in false true input
 	do
 		for attr in "" auto text -text
 		do
 			for aeol in "" lf crlf
 			do
-				pfx=NNO_attr_${attr}_aeol_${aeol}_${crlf}
+				pfx=NNO_attr_${attr}_aeol_${aeol}_${crlf} &&
 				cp CRLF_mix_LF ${pfx}_LF.txt &&
 				cp CRLF_mix_LF ${pfx}_CRLF.txt &&
 				cp CRLF_mix_LF ${pfx}_CRLF_mix_LF.txt &&
 				cp CRLF_mix_LF ${pfx}_LF_mix_CR.txt &&
-				cp CRLF_mix_LF ${pfx}_CRLF_nul.txt
+				cp CRLF_mix_LF ${pfx}_CRLF_nul.txt &&
+				pfx=MIX_attr_${attr}_aeol_${aeol}_${crlf} &&
+				cp LF          ${pfx}_LF.txt &&
+				cp CRLF        ${pfx}_CRLF.txt &&
+				cp CRLF_mix_LF ${pfx}_CRLF_mix_LF.txt &&
+				cp LF_mix_CR   ${pfx}_LF_mix_CR.txt &&
+				cp CRLF_nul    ${pfx}_CRLF_nul.txt
 			done
 		done
 	done
@@ -136,6 +148,49 @@
 	'
 }
 
+# Commit a file with mixed line endings on top of different files
+# in the index. Check for warnings
+commit_MIX_chkwrn () {
+	attr=$1 ; shift
+	aeol=$1 ; shift
+	crlf=$1 ; shift
+	lfwarn=$1 ; shift
+	crlfwarn=$1 ; shift
+	lfmixcrlf=$1 ; shift
+	lfmixcr=$1 ; shift
+	crlfnul=$1 ; shift
+	pfx=MIX_attr_${attr}_aeol_${aeol}_${crlf}
+	#Commit file with CLRF_mix_LF on top of existing file
+	create_gitattributes "$attr" $aeol &&
+	for f in LF CRLF CRLF_mix_LF LF_mix_CR CRLF_nul
+	do
+		fname=${pfx}_$f.txt &&
+		cp CRLF_mix_LF $fname &&
+		printf Z >>"$fname" &&
+		git -c core.autocrlf=$crlf add $fname 2>"${pfx}_$f.err"
+	done
+
+	test_expect_success "commit file with mixed EOL onto LF crlf=$crlf attr=$attr" '
+		check_warning "$lfwarn" ${pfx}_LF.err
+	'
+	test_expect_success "commit file with mixed EOL onto CLRF attr=$attr aeol=$aeol crlf=$crlf" '
+		check_warning "$crlfwarn" ${pfx}_CRLF.err
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "commit file with mixed EOL onto CRLF_mix_LF attr=$attr aeol=$aeol crlf=$crlf" '
+		check_warning "$lfmixcrlf" ${pfx}_CRLF_mix_LF.err
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "commit file with mixed EOL onto LF_mix_cr attr=$attr aeol=$aeol crlf=$crlf " '
+		check_warning "$lfmixcr" ${pfx}_LF_mix_CR.err
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "commit file with mixed EOL onto CRLF_nul attr=$attr aeol=$aeol crlf=$crlf" '
+		check_warning "$crlfnul" ${pfx}_CRLF_nul.err
+	'
+}
+
+
 stats_ascii () {
 	case "$1" in
 	LF)
@@ -323,8 +378,8 @@
 	printf "\$Id: 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 \$\r\nLINEONE\r\nLINETWO\rLINETHREE"   >CRLF_mix_CR &&
 	printf "\$Id: 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 \$\r\nLINEONEQ\r\nLINETWO\r\nLINETHREE" | q_to_nul >CRLF_nul &&
 	printf "\$Id: 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 \$\nLINEONEQ\nLINETWO\nLINETHREE" | q_to_nul >LF_nul &&
-	create_NNO_files CRLF_mix_LF CRLF_mix_LF CRLF_mix_LF CRLF_mix_LF CRLF_mix_LF &&
-	git -c core.autocrlf=false add NNO_*.txt &&
+	create_NNO_MIX_files &&
+	git -c core.autocrlf=false add NNO_*.txt MIX_*.txt &&
 	git commit -m "mixed line endings" &&
 	test_tick
 '
@@ -385,6 +440,18 @@
 	commit_check_warn input "crlf" "LF_CRLF" ""        "LF_CRLF" "LF_CRLF" ""
 '
 
+# Commit "CRLFmixLF" on top of these files already in the repo:
+#                                         mixed     mixed     mixed       mixed       mixed
+#                                         onto      onto      onto        onto        onto
+#                 attr                    LF        CRLF      CRLFmixLF   LF_mix_CR   CRLFNUL
+commit_MIX_chkwrn ""      ""      false   ""        ""        ""          ""          ""
+commit_MIX_chkwrn ""      ""      true    "LF_CRLF" ""        ""          "LF_CRLF"   "LF_CRLF"
+commit_MIX_chkwrn ""      ""      input   "CRLF_LF" ""        ""          "CRLF_LF"   "CRLF_LF"
+
+commit_MIX_chkwrn "auto"  ""      false   "$WAMIX"  ""        ""          "$WAMIX"    "$WAMIX"
+commit_MIX_chkwrn "auto"  ""      true    "LF_CRLF" ""        ""          "LF_CRLF"   "LF_CRLF"
+commit_MIX_chkwrn "auto"  ""      input   "CRLF_LF" ""        ""          "CRLF_LF"   "CRLF_LF"
+
 #                 attr                    LF        CRLF      CRLFmixLF   LF_mix_CR   CRLFNUL
 commit_chk_wrnNNO ""      ""      false   ""        ""        ""          ""          ""
 commit_chk_wrnNNO ""      ""      true    LF_CRLF   ""        ""          ""          ""
diff --git a/t/t2025-worktree-add.sh b/t/t2025-worktree-add.sh
index 6ce9b9c..2b95944 100755
--- a/t/t2025-worktree-add.sh
+++ b/t/t2025-worktree-add.sh
@@ -245,6 +245,12 @@
 	( cd here-clone && git fsck )
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'local clone --shared from linked checkout' '
+	git -C bare worktree add --detach ../baretree &&
+	git clone --local --shared baretree bare-clone &&
+	grep /bare/ bare-clone/.git/objects/info/alternates
+'
+
 test_expect_success '"add" worktree with --no-checkout' '
 	git worktree add --no-checkout -b swamp swamp &&
 	! test -e swamp/init.t &&
@@ -444,4 +450,33 @@
 	)
 '
 
+post_checkout_hook () {
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/hooks/post-checkout" &&
+	mkdir -p .git/hooks &&
+	write_script .git/hooks/post-checkout <<-\EOF
+	echo $* >hook.actual
+	EOF
+}
+
+test_expect_success '"add" invokes post-checkout hook (branch)' '
+	post_checkout_hook &&
+	printf "%s %s 1\n" $_z40 $(git rev-parse HEAD) >hook.expect &&
+	git worktree add gumby &&
+	test_cmp hook.expect hook.actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" invokes post-checkout hook (detached)' '
+	post_checkout_hook &&
+	printf "%s %s 1\n" $_z40 $(git rev-parse HEAD) >hook.expect &&
+	git worktree add --detach grumpy &&
+	test_cmp hook.expect hook.actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add --no-checkout" suppresses post-checkout hook' '
+	post_checkout_hook &&
+	rm -f hook.actual &&
+	git worktree add --no-checkout gloopy &&
+	test_path_is_missing hook.actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh b/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
index 6a82d1e..481a350 100755
--- a/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
+++ b/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
@@ -1260,6 +1260,28 @@
 	test B = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^ | sed -ne \$p)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'respects rebase.abbreviateCommands with fixup, squash and exec' '
+	rebase_setup_and_clean abbrevcmd &&
+	test_commit "first" file1.txt "first line" first &&
+	test_commit "second" file1.txt "another line" second &&
+	test_commit "fixup! first" file2.txt "first line again" first_fixup &&
+	test_commit "squash! second" file1.txt "another line here" second_squash &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	p $(git rev-list --abbrev-commit -1 first) first
+	f $(git rev-list --abbrev-commit -1 first_fixup) fixup! first
+	x git show HEAD
+	p $(git rev-list --abbrev-commit -1 second) second
+	s $(git rev-list --abbrev-commit -1 second_squash) squash! second
+	x git show HEAD
+	EOF
+	git checkout abbrevcmd &&
+	set_cat_todo_editor &&
+	test_config rebase.abbreviateCommands true &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i --exec "git show HEAD" \
+		--autosquash master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'static check of bad command' '
 	rebase_setup_and_clean bad-cmd &&
 	set_fake_editor &&
diff --git a/t/t4045-diff-relative.sh b/t/t4045-diff-relative.sh
index 3950f50..6471a68 100755
--- a/t/t4045-diff-relative.sh
+++ b/t/t4045-diff-relative.sh
@@ -12,62 +12,76 @@
 	git commit -m one
 '
 
-check_diff() {
-expect=$1; shift
-cat >expected <<EOF
-diff --git a/$expect b/$expect
-new file mode 100644
-index 0000000..25c05ef
---- /dev/null
-+++ b/$expect
-@@ -0,0 +1 @@
-+other content
-EOF
-test_expect_success "-p $*" "
-	git diff -p $* HEAD^ >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+check_diff () {
+	dir=$1
+	shift
+	expect=$1
+	shift
+	cat >expected <<-EOF
+	diff --git a/$expect b/$expect
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..25c05ef
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/$expect
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+other content
+	EOF
+	test_expect_success "-p $*" "
+		git -C '$dir' diff -p $* HEAD^ >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	"
 }
 
-check_numstat() {
-expect=$1; shift
-cat >expected <<EOF
-1	0	$expect
-EOF
-test_expect_success "--numstat $*" "
-	echo '1	0	$expect' >expected &&
-	git diff --numstat $* HEAD^ >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+check_numstat () {
+	dir=$1
+	shift
+	expect=$1
+	shift
+	cat >expected <<-EOF
+	1	0	$expect
+	EOF
+	test_expect_success "--numstat $*" "
+		echo '1	0	$expect' >expected &&
+		git -C '$dir' diff --numstat $* HEAD^ >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	"
 }
 
-check_stat() {
-expect=$1; shift
-cat >expected <<EOF
- $expect | 1 +
- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
-EOF
-test_expect_success "--stat $*" "
-	git diff --stat $* HEAD^ >actual &&
-	test_i18ncmp expected actual
-"
+check_stat () {
+	dir=$1
+	shift
+	expect=$1
+	shift
+	cat >expected <<-EOF
+	 $expect | 1 +
+	 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+	EOF
+	test_expect_success "--stat $*" "
+		git -C '$dir' diff --stat $* HEAD^ >actual &&
+		test_i18ncmp expected actual
+	"
 }
 
-check_raw() {
-expect=$1; shift
-cat >expected <<EOF
-:000000 100644 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 25c05ef3639d2d270e7fe765a67668f098092bc5 A	$expect
-EOF
-test_expect_success "--raw $*" "
-	git diff --no-abbrev --raw $* HEAD^ >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+check_raw () {
+	dir=$1
+	shift
+	expect=$1
+	shift
+	cat >expected <<-EOF
+	:000000 100644 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 25c05ef3639d2d270e7fe765a67668f098092bc5 A	$expect
+	EOF
+	test_expect_success "--raw $*" "
+		git -C '$dir' diff --no-abbrev --raw $* HEAD^ >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	"
 }
 
-for type in diff numstat stat raw; do
-	check_$type file2 --relative=subdir/
-	check_$type file2 --relative=subdir
-	check_$type dir/file2 --relative=sub
+for type in diff numstat stat raw
+do
+	check_$type . file2 --relative=subdir/
+	check_$type . file2 --relative=subdir
+	check_$type subdir file2 --relative
+	check_$type . dir/file2 --relative=sub
 done
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5317-pack-objects-filter-objects.sh b/t/t5317-pack-objects-filter-objects.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..1b0acc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5317-pack-objects-filter-objects.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,375 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git pack-objects using object filtering'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Test blob:none filter.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup r1' '
+	echo "{print \$1}" >print_1.awk &&
+	echo "{print \$2}" >print_2.awk &&
+
+	git init r1 &&
+	for n in 1 2 3 4 5
+	do
+		echo "This is file: $n" > r1/file.$n
+		git -C r1 add file.$n
+		git -C r1 commit -m "$n"
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob count in normal packfile' '
+	git -C r1 ls-files -s file.1 file.2 file.3 file.4 file.5 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r1 pack-objects --rev --stdout >all.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r1 index-pack ../all.pack &&
+	git -C r1 verify-pack -v ../all.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:none packfile has no blobs' '
+	git -C r1 pack-objects --rev --stdout --filter=blob:none >filter.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r1 index-pack ../filter.pack &&
+	git -C r1 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	nr=$(wc -l <observed) &&
+	test 0 -eq $nr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify normal and blob:none packfiles have same commits/trees' '
+	git -C r1 verify-pack -v ../all.pack \
+		| grep -E "commit|tree" \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r1 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep -E "commit|tree" \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+# Test blob:limit=<n>[kmg] filter.
+# We boundary test around the size parameter.  The filter is strictly less than
+# the value, so size 500 and 1000 should have the same results, but 1001 should
+# filter more.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup r2' '
+	git init r2 &&
+	for n in 1000 10000
+	do
+		printf "%"$n"s" X > r2/large.$n
+		git -C r2 add large.$n
+		git -C r2 commit -m "$n"
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob count in normal packfile' '
+	git -C r2 ls-files -s large.1000 large.10000 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r2 pack-objects --rev --stdout >all.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r2 index-pack ../all.pack &&
+	git -C r2 verify-pack -v ../all.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:limit=500 omits all blobs' '
+	git -C r2 pack-objects --rev --stdout --filter=blob:limit=500 >filter.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r2 index-pack ../filter.pack &&
+	git -C r2 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	nr=$(wc -l <observed) &&
+	test 0 -eq $nr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:limit=1000' '
+	git -C r2 pack-objects --rev --stdout --filter=blob:limit=1000 >filter.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r2 index-pack ../filter.pack &&
+	git -C r2 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	nr=$(wc -l <observed) &&
+	test 0 -eq $nr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:limit=1001' '
+	git -C r2 ls-files -s large.1000 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r2 pack-objects --rev --stdout --filter=blob:limit=1001 >filter.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r2 index-pack ../filter.pack &&
+	git -C r2 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:limit=10001' '
+	git -C r2 ls-files -s large.1000 large.10000 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r2 pack-objects --rev --stdout --filter=blob:limit=10001 >filter.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r2 index-pack ../filter.pack &&
+	git -C r2 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:limit=1k' '
+	git -C r2 ls-files -s large.1000 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r2 pack-objects --rev --stdout --filter=blob:limit=1k >filter.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r2 index-pack ../filter.pack &&
+	git -C r2 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:limit=1m' '
+	git -C r2 ls-files -s large.1000 large.10000 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r2 pack-objects --rev --stdout --filter=blob:limit=1m >filter.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r2 index-pack ../filter.pack &&
+	git -C r2 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify normal and blob:limit packfiles have same commits/trees' '
+	git -C r2 verify-pack -v ../all.pack \
+		| grep -E "commit|tree" \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r2 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep -E "commit|tree" \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+# Test sparse:path=<path> filter.
+# Use a local file containing a sparse-checkout specification to filter
+# out blobs not required for the corresponding sparse-checkout.  We do not
+# require sparse-checkout to actually be enabled.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup r3' '
+	git init r3 &&
+	mkdir r3/dir1 &&
+	for n in sparse1 sparse2
+	do
+		echo "This is file: $n" > r3/$n
+		git -C r3 add $n
+		echo "This is file: dir1/$n" > r3/dir1/$n
+		git -C r3 add dir1/$n
+	done &&
+	git -C r3 commit -m "sparse" &&
+	echo dir1/ >pattern1 &&
+	echo sparse1 >pattern2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob count in normal packfile' '
+	git -C r3 ls-files -s sparse1 sparse2 dir1/sparse1 dir1/sparse2 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r3 pack-objects --rev --stdout >all.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r3 index-pack ../all.pack &&
+	git -C r3 verify-pack -v ../all.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify sparse:path=pattern1' '
+	git -C r3 ls-files -s dir1/sparse1 dir1/sparse2 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r3 pack-objects --rev --stdout --filter=sparse:path=../pattern1 >filter.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r3 index-pack ../filter.pack &&
+	git -C r3 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify normal and sparse:path=pattern1 packfiles have same commits/trees' '
+	git -C r3 verify-pack -v ../all.pack \
+		| grep -E "commit|tree" \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r3 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep -E "commit|tree" \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify sparse:path=pattern2' '
+	git -C r3 ls-files -s sparse1 dir1/sparse1 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r3 pack-objects --rev --stdout --filter=sparse:path=../pattern2 >filter.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r3 index-pack ../filter.pack &&
+	git -C r3 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify normal and sparse:path=pattern2 packfiles have same commits/trees' '
+	git -C r3 verify-pack -v ../all.pack \
+		| grep -E "commit|tree" \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r3 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep -E "commit|tree" \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+# Test sparse:oid=<oid-ish> filter.
+# Like sparse:path, but we get the sparse-checkout specification from
+# a blob rather than a file on disk.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup r4' '
+	git init r4 &&
+	mkdir r4/dir1 &&
+	for n in sparse1 sparse2
+	do
+		echo "This is file: $n" > r4/$n
+		git -C r4 add $n
+		echo "This is file: dir1/$n" > r4/dir1/$n
+		git -C r4 add dir1/$n
+	done &&
+	echo dir1/ >r4/pattern &&
+	git -C r4 add pattern &&
+	git -C r4 commit -m "pattern"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob count in normal packfile' '
+	git -C r4 ls-files -s pattern sparse1 sparse2 dir1/sparse1 dir1/sparse2 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r4 pack-objects --rev --stdout >all.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r4 index-pack ../all.pack &&
+	git -C r4 verify-pack -v ../all.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify sparse:oid=OID' '
+	git -C r4 ls-files -s dir1/sparse1 dir1/sparse2 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	oid=$(git -C r4 ls-files -s pattern | awk -f print_2.awk) &&
+	git -C r4 pack-objects --rev --stdout --filter=sparse:oid=$oid >filter.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r4 index-pack ../filter.pack &&
+	git -C r4 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify sparse:oid=oid-ish' '
+	git -C r4 ls-files -s dir1/sparse1 dir1/sparse2 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r4 pack-objects --rev --stdout --filter=sparse:oid=master:pattern >filter.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r4 index-pack ../filter.pack &&
+	git -C r4 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+# Delete some loose objects and use pack-objects, but WITHOUT any filtering.
+# This models previously omitted objects that we did not receive.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup r1 - delete loose blobs' '
+	git -C r1 ls-files -s file.1 file.2 file.3 file.4 file.5 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	for id in `cat expected | sed "s|..|&/|"`
+	do
+		rm r1/.git/objects/$id
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify pack-objects fails w/ missing objects' '
+	test_must_fail git -C r1 pack-objects --rev --stdout >miss.pack <<-EOF
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify pack-objects fails w/ --missing=error' '
+	test_must_fail git -C r1 pack-objects --rev --stdout --missing=error >miss.pack <<-EOF
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify pack-objects w/ --missing=allow-any' '
+	git -C r1 pack-objects --rev --stdout --missing=allow-any >miss.pack <<-EOF
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5573-pull-verify-signatures.sh b/t/t5573-pull-verify-signatures.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..9594e89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5573-pull-verify-signatures.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='pull signature verification tests'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY/lib-gpg.sh"
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'create repositories with signed commits' '
+	echo 1 >a && git add a &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m initial &&
+	git tag initial &&
+
+	git clone . signed &&
+	(
+		cd signed &&
+		echo 2 >b && git add b &&
+		test_tick && git commit -S -m "signed"
+	) &&
+
+	git clone . unsigned &&
+	(
+		cd unsigned &&
+		echo 3 >c && git add c &&
+		test_tick && git commit -m "unsigned"
+	) &&
+
+	git clone . bad &&
+	(
+		cd bad &&
+		echo 4 >d && git add d &&
+		test_tick && git commit -S -m "bad" &&
+		git cat-file commit HEAD >raw &&
+		sed -e "s/bad/forged bad/" raw >forged &&
+		git hash-object -w -t commit forged >forged.commit &&
+		git checkout $(cat forged.commit)
+	) &&
+
+	git clone . untrusted &&
+	(
+		cd untrusted &&
+		echo 5 >e && git add e &&
+		test_tick && git commit -SB7227189 -m "untrusted"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'pull unsigned commit with --verify-signatures' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	test_must_fail git pull --ff-only --verify-signatures unsigned 2>pullerror &&
+	test_i18ngrep "does not have a GPG signature" pullerror
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'pull commit with bad signature with --verify-signatures' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	test_must_fail git pull --ff-only --verify-signatures bad 2>pullerror &&
+	test_i18ngrep "has a bad GPG signature" pullerror
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'pull commit with untrusted signature with --verify-signatures' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	test_must_fail git pull --ff-only --verify-signatures untrusted 2>pullerror &&
+	test_i18ngrep "has an untrusted GPG signature" pullerror
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'pull signed commit with --verify-signatures' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	git pull --verify-signatures signed >pulloutput &&
+	test_i18ngrep "has a good GPG signature" pulloutput
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'pull commit with bad signature without verification' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	git pull --ff-only bad 2>pullerror
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'pull commit with bad signature with --no-verify-signatures' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	test_config merge.verifySignatures true &&
+	test_config pull.verifySignatures true &&
+	git pull --ff-only --no-verify-signatures bad 2>pullerror
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5615-alternate-env.sh b/t/t5615-alternate-env.sh
index d2d883f..b4905b8 100755
--- a/t/t5615-alternate-env.sh
+++ b/t/t5615-alternate-env.sh
@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@
 	alt=$1; shift
 	while read obj expect
 	do
-		echo "$obj" >&3 &&
-		echo "$obj $expect" >&4
-	done 3>input 4>expect &&
+		echo "$obj" >&5 &&
+		echo "$obj $expect" >&6
+	done 5>input 6>expect &&
 	GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES=$alt \
 		git "$@" cat-file --batch-check='%(objectname) %(objecttype)' \
 		<input >actual &&
diff --git a/t/t6044-merge-unrelated-index-changes.sh b/t/t6044-merge-unrelated-index-changes.sh
index 0102348..23b86fb 100755
--- a/t/t6044-merge-unrelated-index-changes.sh
+++ b/t/t6044-merge-unrelated-index-changes.sh
@@ -6,18 +6,21 @@
 
 # Testcase for some simple merges
 #   A
-#   o-----o B
+#   o-------o B
 #    \
-#     \---o C
+#     \-----o C
 #      \
-#       \-o D
+#       \---o D
 #        \
-#         o E
+#         \-o E
+#          \
+#           o F
 #   Commit A: some file a
 #   Commit B: adds file b, modifies end of a
 #   Commit C: adds file c
 #   Commit D: adds file d, modifies beginning of a
 #   Commit E: renames a->subdir/a, adds subdir/e
+#   Commit F: empty commit
 
 test_expect_success 'setup trivial merges' '
 	test_seq 1 10 >a &&
@@ -29,6 +32,7 @@
 	git branch C &&
 	git branch D &&
 	git branch E &&
+	git branch F &&
 
 	git checkout B &&
 	echo b >b &&
@@ -52,7 +56,10 @@
 	git mv a subdir/a &&
 	echo e >subdir/e &&
 	git add subdir &&
-	test_tick && git commit -m E
+	test_tick && git commit -m E &&
+
+	git checkout F &&
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m F
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ff update' '
@@ -105,6 +112,15 @@
 	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive C^0
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'recursive, when merge branch matches merge base' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout B^0 &&
+
+	touch random_file && git add random_file &&
+
+	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive F^0
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'octopus, unrelated file touched' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git checkout B^0 &&
diff --git a/t/t6100-rev-list-in-order.sh b/t/t6100-rev-list-in-order.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..b2bb0a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6100-rev-list-in-order.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='rev-list testing in-commit-order'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup a commit history with trees, blobs' '
+	for x in one two three four
+	do
+		echo $x >$x &&
+		git add $x &&
+		git commit -m "add file $x" ||
+		return 1
+	done &&
+	for x in four three
+	do
+		git rm $x &&
+		git commit -m "remove $x" ||
+		return 1
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list --in-commit-order' '
+	git rev-list --in-commit-order --objects HEAD >actual.raw &&
+	cut -c 1-40 >actual <actual.raw &&
+
+	git cat-file --batch-check="%(objectname)" >expect.raw <<-\EOF &&
+		HEAD^{commit}
+		HEAD^{tree}
+		HEAD^{tree}:one
+		HEAD^{tree}:two
+		HEAD~1^{commit}
+		HEAD~1^{tree}
+		HEAD~1^{tree}:three
+		HEAD~2^{commit}
+		HEAD~2^{tree}
+		HEAD~2^{tree}:four
+		HEAD~3^{commit}
+		# HEAD~3^{tree} skipped, same as HEAD~1^{tree}
+		HEAD~4^{commit}
+		# HEAD~4^{tree} skipped, same as HEAD^{tree}
+		HEAD~5^{commit}
+		HEAD~5^{tree}
+	EOF
+	grep -v "#" >expect <expect.raw &&
+
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list lists blobs and trees after commits' '
+	git rev-list --objects HEAD >actual.raw &&
+	cut -c 1-40 >actual <actual.raw &&
+
+	git cat-file --batch-check="%(objectname)" >expect.raw <<-\EOF &&
+		HEAD^{commit}
+		HEAD~1^{commit}
+		HEAD~2^{commit}
+		HEAD~3^{commit}
+		HEAD~4^{commit}
+		HEAD~5^{commit}
+		HEAD^{tree}
+		HEAD^{tree}:one
+		HEAD^{tree}:two
+		HEAD~1^{tree}
+		HEAD~1^{tree}:three
+		HEAD~2^{tree}
+		HEAD~2^{tree}:four
+		# HEAD~3^{tree} skipped, same as HEAD~1^{tree}
+		# HEAD~4^{tree} skipped, same as HEAD^{tree}
+		HEAD~5^{tree}
+	EOF
+	grep -v "#" >expect <expect.raw &&
+
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6112-rev-list-filters-objects.sh b/t/t6112-rev-list-filters-objects.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..0a37dd5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6112-rev-list-filters-objects.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git rev-list using object filtering'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Test the blob:none filter.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup r1' '
+	echo "{print \$1}" >print_1.awk &&
+	echo "{print \$2}" >print_2.awk &&
+
+	git init r1 &&
+	for n in 1 2 3 4 5
+	do
+		echo "This is file: $n" > r1/file.$n
+		git -C r1 add file.$n
+		git -C r1 commit -m "$n"
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:none omits all 5 blobs' '
+	git -C r1 ls-files -s file.1 file.2 file.3 file.4 file.5 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r1 rev-list HEAD --quiet --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=blob:none \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify emitted+omitted == all' '
+	git -C r1 rev-list HEAD --objects \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r1 rev-list HEAD --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=blob:none \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+
+# Test blob:limit=<n>[kmg] filter.
+# We boundary test around the size parameter.  The filter is strictly less than
+# the value, so size 500 and 1000 should have the same results, but 1001 should
+# filter more.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup r2' '
+	git init r2 &&
+	for n in 1000 10000
+	do
+		printf "%"$n"s" X > r2/large.$n
+		git -C r2 add large.$n
+		git -C r2 commit -m "$n"
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:limit=500 omits all blobs' '
+	git -C r2 ls-files -s large.1000 large.10000 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r2 rev-list HEAD --quiet --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=blob:limit=500 \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify emitted+omitted == all' '
+	git -C r2 rev-list HEAD --objects \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r2 rev-list HEAD --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=blob:limit=500 \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:limit=1000' '
+	git -C r2 ls-files -s large.1000 large.10000 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r2 rev-list HEAD --quiet --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=blob:limit=1000 \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:limit=1001' '
+	git -C r2 ls-files -s large.10000 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r2 rev-list HEAD --quiet --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=blob:limit=1001 \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:limit=1k' '
+	git -C r2 ls-files -s large.10000 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r2 rev-list HEAD --quiet --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=blob:limit=1k \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:limit=1m' '
+	cat </dev/null >expected &&
+	git -C r2 rev-list HEAD --quiet --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=blob:limit=1m \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+# Test sparse:path=<path> filter.
+# Use a local file containing a sparse-checkout specification to filter
+# out blobs not required for the corresponding sparse-checkout.  We do not
+# require sparse-checkout to actually be enabled.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup r3' '
+	git init r3 &&
+	mkdir r3/dir1 &&
+	for n in sparse1 sparse2
+	do
+		echo "This is file: $n" > r3/$n
+		git -C r3 add $n
+		echo "This is file: dir1/$n" > r3/dir1/$n
+		git -C r3 add dir1/$n
+	done &&
+	git -C r3 commit -m "sparse" &&
+	echo dir1/ >pattern1 &&
+	echo sparse1 >pattern2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify sparse:path=pattern1 omits top-level files' '
+	git -C r3 ls-files -s sparse1 sparse2 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r3 rev-list HEAD --quiet --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=sparse:path=../pattern1 \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify sparse:path=pattern2 omits both sparse2 files' '
+	git -C r3 ls-files -s sparse2 dir1/sparse2 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r3 rev-list HEAD --quiet --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=sparse:path=../pattern2 \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+# Test sparse:oid=<oid-ish> filter.
+# Like sparse:path, but we get the sparse-checkout specification from
+# a blob rather than a file on disk.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup r3 part 2' '
+	echo dir1/ >r3/pattern &&
+	git -C r3 add pattern &&
+	git -C r3 commit -m "pattern"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify sparse:oid=OID omits top-level files' '
+	git -C r3 ls-files -s pattern sparse1 sparse2 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	oid=$(git -C r3 ls-files -s pattern | awk -f print_2.awk) &&
+	git -C r3 rev-list HEAD --quiet --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=sparse:oid=$oid \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify sparse:oid=oid-ish omits top-level files' '
+	git -C r3 ls-files -s pattern sparse1 sparse2 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r3 rev-list HEAD --quiet --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=sparse:oid=master:pattern \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+# Delete some loose objects and use rev-list, but WITHOUT any filtering.
+# This models previously omitted objects that we did not receive.
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list W/ --missing=print' '
+	git -C r1 ls-files -s file.1 file.2 file.3 file.4 file.5 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	for id in `cat expected | sed "s|..|&/|"`
+	do
+		rm r1/.git/objects/$id
+	done &&
+	git -C r1 rev-list --quiet HEAD --missing=print --objects \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/?//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list W/O --missing fails' '
+	test_must_fail git -C r1 rev-list --quiet --objects HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list W/ missing=allow-any' '
+	git -C r1 rev-list --quiet --missing=allow-any --objects HEAD
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6120-describe.sh b/t/t6120-describe.sh
index 1c0e865..3e3fb46 100755
--- a/t/t6120-describe.sh
+++ b/t/t6120-describe.sh
@@ -304,12 +304,46 @@
 	mv .git/modules/sub1/ .git/modules/sub_moved &&
 	test_must_fail git describe --dirty
 '
-test_expect_success 'describe ignoring a borken submodule' '
+test_expect_success 'describe ignoring a broken submodule' '
 	git describe --broken >out &&
 	test_when_finished "mv .git/modules/sub_moved .git/modules/sub1" &&
 	grep broken out
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'describe a blob at a directly tagged commit' '
+	echo "make it a unique blob" >file &&
+	git add file && git commit -m "content in file" &&
+	git tag -a -m "latest annotated tag" unique-file &&
+	git describe HEAD:file >actual &&
+	echo "unique-file:file" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'describe a blob with its first introduction' '
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "empty commit" &&
+	git rm file &&
+	git commit -m "delete blob" &&
+	git revert HEAD &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "empty commit" &&
+	git describe HEAD:file >actual &&
+	echo "unique-file:file" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'describe directly tagged blob' '
+	git tag test-blob unique-file:file &&
+	git describe test-blob >actual &&
+	echo "unique-file:file" >expect &&
+	# suboptimal: we rather want to see "test-blob"
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'describe tag object' '
+	git tag test-blob-1 -a -m msg unique-file:file &&
+	test_must_fail git describe test-blob-1 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "fatal: test-blob-1 is neither a commit nor blob" actual
+'
+
 test_expect_failure ULIMIT_STACK_SIZE 'name-rev works in a deep repo' '
 	i=1 &&
 	while test $i -lt 8000
diff --git a/t/t7612-merge-verify-signatures.sh b/t/t7612-merge-verify-signatures.sh
index 8ae69a6..e797c74 100755
--- a/t/t7612-merge-verify-signatures.sh
+++ b/t/t7612-merge-verify-signatures.sh
@@ -35,27 +35,72 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success GPG 'merge unsigned commit with verification' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
 	test_must_fail git merge --ff-only --verify-signatures side-unsigned 2>mergeerror &&
 	test_i18ngrep "does not have a GPG signature" mergeerror
 '
 
+test_expect_success GPG 'merge unsigned commit with merge.verifySignatures=true' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	test_config merge.verifySignatures true &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --ff-only side-unsigned 2>mergeerror &&
+	test_i18ngrep "does not have a GPG signature" mergeerror
+'
+
 test_expect_success GPG 'merge commit with bad signature with verification' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
 	test_must_fail git merge --ff-only --verify-signatures $(cat forged.commit) 2>mergeerror &&
 	test_i18ngrep "has a bad GPG signature" mergeerror
 '
 
+test_expect_success GPG 'merge commit with bad signature with merge.verifySignatures=true' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	test_config merge.verifySignatures true &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --ff-only $(cat forged.commit) 2>mergeerror &&
+	test_i18ngrep "has a bad GPG signature" mergeerror
+'
+
 test_expect_success GPG 'merge commit with untrusted signature with verification' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
 	test_must_fail git merge --ff-only --verify-signatures side-untrusted 2>mergeerror &&
 	test_i18ngrep "has an untrusted GPG signature" mergeerror
 '
 
+test_expect_success GPG 'merge commit with untrusted signature with merge.verifySignatures=true' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	test_config merge.verifySignatures true &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --ff-only side-untrusted 2>mergeerror &&
+	test_i18ngrep "has an untrusted GPG signature" mergeerror
+'
+
 test_expect_success GPG 'merge signed commit with verification' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
 	git merge --verbose --ff-only --verify-signatures side-signed >mergeoutput &&
 	test_i18ngrep "has a good GPG signature" mergeoutput
 '
 
+test_expect_success GPG 'merge signed commit with merge.verifySignatures=true' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	test_config merge.verifySignatures true &&
+	git merge --verbose --ff-only side-signed >mergeoutput &&
+	test_i18ngrep "has a good GPG signature" mergeoutput
+'
+
 test_expect_success GPG 'merge commit with bad signature without verification' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
 	git merge $(cat forged.commit)
 '
 
+test_expect_success GPG 'merge commit with bad signature with merge.verifySignatures=false' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	test_config merge.verifySignatures false &&
+	git merge $(cat forged.commit)
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'merge commit with bad signature with merge.verifySignatures=true and --no-verify-signatures' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	test_config merge.verifySignatures true &&
+	git merge --no-verify-signatures $(cat forged.commit)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9004-example.sh b/t/t9004-example.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..b28a028
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9004-example.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='check that example code compiles and runs'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'decorate' '
+	test-example-decorate
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9169-git-svn-dcommit-crlf.sh b/t/t9169-git-svn-dcommit-crlf.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..54b1f61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9169-git-svn-dcommit-crlf.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git svn dcommit CRLF'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup commit repository' '
+	svn_cmd mkdir -m "$test_description" "$svnrepo/dir" &&
+	git svn clone "$svnrepo" work &&
+	(
+		cd work &&
+		echo foo >>foo &&
+		git update-index --add foo &&
+		printf "a\\r\\n\\r\\nb\\r\\nc\\r\\n" >cmt &&
+		p=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+		t=$(git write-tree) &&
+		cmt=$(git commit-tree -p $p $t <cmt) &&
+		git update-ref refs/heads/master $cmt &&
+		git cat-file commit HEAD | tail -n4 >out &&
+		test_cmp cmt out &&
+		git svn dcommit &&
+		printf "a\\n\\nb\\nc\\n" >exp &&
+		git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne 6,9p >out &&
+		test_cmp exp out
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9807-git-p4-submit.sh b/t/t9807-git-p4-submit.sh
index 3457d5d..71cae28 100755
--- a/t/t9807-git-p4-submit.sh
+++ b/t/t9807-git-p4-submit.sh
@@ -460,7 +460,13 @@
 	)
 '
 
-# Update an existing shelved changelist
+make_shelved_cl() {
+	test_commit "$1" >/dev/null &&
+	git p4 submit --origin HEAD^ --shelve >/dev/null &&
+	p4 -G changes -s shelved -m 1 | marshal_dump change
+}
+
+# Update existing shelved changelists
 
 test_expect_success 'submit --update-shelve' '
 	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
@@ -470,21 +476,19 @@
 		p4 revert ... &&
 		cd "$git" &&
 		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
-		test_commit "test-update-shelved-change" &&
-		git p4 submit --origin=HEAD^ --shelve &&
+		shelved_cl0=$(make_shelved_cl "shelved-change-0") &&
+		echo shelved_cl0=$shelved_cl0 &&
+		shelved_cl1=$(make_shelved_cl "shelved-change-1") &&
 
-		shelf_cl=$(p4 -G changes -s shelved -m 1 |\
-			marshal_dump change) &&
-		test -n $shelf_cl &&
-		echo "updating shelved change list $shelf_cl" &&
+		echo "updating shelved change lists $shelved_cl0 and $shelved_cl1" &&
 
 		echo "updated-line" >>shelf.t &&
 		echo added-file.t >added-file.t &&
 		git add shelf.t added-file.t &&
-		git rm -f test-update-shelved-change.t &&
+		git rm -f shelved-change-1.t &&
 		git commit --amend -C HEAD &&
 		git show --stat HEAD &&
-		git p4 submit -v --origin HEAD^ --update-shelve $shelf_cl &&
+		git p4 submit -v --origin HEAD~2 --update-shelve $shelved_cl0 --update-shelve $shelved_cl1 &&
 		echo "done git p4 submit"
 	) &&
 	(
@@ -494,7 +498,7 @@
 		p4 unshelve -c $change -s $change &&
 		grep -q updated-line shelf.t &&
 		p4 describe -S $change | grep added-file.t &&
-		test_path_is_missing test-update-shelved-change.t
+		test_path_is_missing shelved-change-1.t
 	)
 '
 
diff --git a/t/test-lib.sh b/t/test-lib.sh
index e7065df..9a0a21f 100644
--- a/t/test-lib.sh
+++ b/t/test-lib.sh
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@
 	# from any previous runs.
 	>"$GIT_TEST_TEE_OUTPUT_FILE"
 
-	(GIT_TEST_TEE_STARTED=done ${SHELL_PATH} "$0" "$@" 2>&1;
+	(GIT_TEST_TEE_STARTED=done ${TEST_SHELL_PATH} "$0" "$@" 2>&1;
 	 echo $? >"$BASE.exit") | tee -a "$GIT_TEST_TEE_OUTPUT_FILE"
 	test "$(cat "$BASE.exit")" = 0
 	exit
@@ -264,7 +264,6 @@
 		shift ;;
 	-x)
 		trace=t
-		verbose=t
 		shift ;;
 	--verbose-log)
 		verbose_log=t
@@ -283,6 +282,11 @@
 	test -z "$verbose_log" && verbose=t
 fi
 
+if test -n "$trace" && test -z "$verbose_log"
+then
+	verbose=t
+fi
+
 if test -n "$color"
 then
 	# Save the color control sequences now rather than run tput
@@ -586,7 +590,9 @@
 }
 
 want_trace () {
-	test "$trace" = t && test "$verbose" = t
+	test "$trace" = t && {
+		test "$verbose" = t || test "$verbose_log" = t
+	}
 }
 
 # This is a separate function because some tests use
@@ -601,26 +607,40 @@
 }
 
 test_eval_ () {
-	# We run this block with stderr redirected to avoid extra cruft
-	# during a "-x" trace. Once in "set -x" mode, we cannot prevent
+	# If "-x" tracing is in effect, then we want to avoid polluting stderr
+	# with non-test commands. But once in "set -x" mode, we cannot prevent
 	# the shell from printing the "set +x" to turn it off (nor the saving
 	# of $? before that). But we can make sure that the output goes to
 	# /dev/null.
 	#
-	# The test itself is run with stderr put back to &4 (so either to
-	# /dev/null, or to the original stderr if --verbose was used).
+	# There are a few subtleties here:
+	#
+	#   - we have to redirect descriptor 4 in addition to 2, to cover
+	#     BASH_XTRACEFD
+	#
+	#   - the actual eval has to come before the redirection block (since
+	#     it needs to see descriptor 4 to set up its stderr)
+	#
+	#   - likewise, any error message we print must be outside the block to
+	#     access descriptor 4
+	#
+	#   - checking $? has to come immediately after the eval, but it must
+	#     be _inside_ the block to avoid polluting the "set -x" output
+	#
+
+	test_eval_inner_ "$@" </dev/null >&3 2>&4
 	{
-		test_eval_inner_ "$@" </dev/null >&3 2>&4
 		test_eval_ret_=$?
 		if want_trace
 		then
 			set +x
-			if test "$test_eval_ret_" != 0
-			then
-				say_color error >&4 "error: last command exited with \$?=$test_eval_ret_"
-			fi
 		fi
-	} 2>/dev/null
+	} 2>/dev/null 4>&2
+
+	if test "$test_eval_ret_" != 0 && want_trace
+	then
+		say_color error >&4 "error: last command exited with \$?=$test_eval_ret_"
+	fi
 	return $test_eval_ret_
 }
 
diff --git a/transport-helper.c b/transport-helper.c
index bf05a2d..5080150 100644
--- a/transport-helper.c
+++ b/transport-helper.c
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include "sigchain.h"
 #include "argv-array.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "transport-internal.h"
 
 static int debug;
 
@@ -650,7 +651,7 @@
 
 	if (process_connect(transport, 0)) {
 		do_take_over(transport);
-		return transport->fetch(transport, nr_heads, to_fetch);
+		return transport->vtable->fetch(transport, nr_heads, to_fetch);
 	}
 
 	count = 0;
@@ -882,7 +883,8 @@
 			struct strbuf cas = STRBUF_INIT;
 			strbuf_addf(&cas, "%s:%s",
 				    ref->name, oid_to_hex(&ref->old_oid_expect));
-			string_list_append(&cas_options, strbuf_detach(&cas, NULL));
+			string_list_append_nodup(&cas_options,
+						 strbuf_detach(&cas, NULL));
 		}
 	}
 	if (buf.len == 0) {
@@ -897,6 +899,7 @@
 	strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
 	sendline(data, &buf);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	string_list_clear(&cas_options, 0);
 
 	return push_update_refs_status(data, remote_refs, flags);
 }
@@ -930,7 +933,8 @@
 		private = apply_refspecs(data->refspecs, data->refspec_nr, ref->name);
 		if (private && !get_oid(private, &oid)) {
 			strbuf_addf(&buf, "^%s", private);
-			string_list_append(&revlist_args, strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL));
+			string_list_append_nodup(&revlist_args,
+						 strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL));
 			oidcpy(&ref->old_oid, &oid);
 		}
 		free(private);
@@ -987,7 +991,7 @@
 
 	if (process_connect(transport, 1)) {
 		do_take_over(transport);
-		return transport->push_refs(transport, remote_refs, flags);
+		return transport->vtable->push_refs(transport, remote_refs, flags);
 	}
 
 	if (!remote_refs) {
@@ -1035,7 +1039,7 @@
 
 	if (process_connect(transport, for_push)) {
 		do_take_over(transport);
-		return transport->get_refs_list(transport, for_push);
+		return transport->vtable->get_refs_list(transport, for_push);
 	}
 
 	if (data->push && for_push)
@@ -1083,6 +1087,15 @@
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static struct transport_vtable vtable = {
+	set_helper_option,
+	get_refs_list,
+	fetch,
+	push_refs,
+	connect_helper,
+	release_helper
+};
+
 int transport_helper_init(struct transport *transport, const char *name)
 {
 	struct helper_data *data = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*data));
@@ -1094,12 +1107,7 @@
 		debug = 1;
 
 	transport->data = data;
-	transport->set_option = set_helper_option;
-	transport->get_refs_list = get_refs_list;
-	transport->fetch = fetch;
-	transport->push_refs = push_refs;
-	transport->disconnect = release_helper;
-	transport->connect = connect_helper;
+	transport->vtable = &vtable;
 	transport->smart_options = &(data->transport_options);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/transport-internal.h b/transport-internal.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c1a29d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/transport-internal.h
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#ifndef TRANSPORT_INTERNAL_H
+#define TRANSPORT_INTERNAL_H
+
+struct ref;
+struct transport;
+
+struct transport_vtable {
+	/**
+	 * Returns 0 if successful, positive if the option is not
+	 * recognized or is inapplicable, and negative if the option
+	 * is applicable but the value is invalid.
+	 **/
+	int (*set_option)(struct transport *connection, const char *name,
+			  const char *value);
+	/**
+	 * Returns a list of the remote side's refs. In order to allow
+	 * the transport to try to share connections, for_push is a
+	 * hint as to whether the ultimate operation is a push or a fetch.
+	 *
+	 * If the transport is able to determine the remote hash for
+	 * the ref without a huge amount of effort, it should store it
+	 * in the ref's old_sha1 field; otherwise it should be all 0.
+	 **/
+	struct ref *(*get_refs_list)(struct transport *transport, int for_push);
+
+	/**
+	 * Fetch the objects for the given refs. Note that this gets
+	 * an array, and should ignore the list structure.
+	 *
+	 * If the transport did not get hashes for refs in
+	 * get_refs_list(), it should set the old_sha1 fields in the
+	 * provided refs now.
+	 **/
+	int (*fetch)(struct transport *transport, int refs_nr, struct ref **refs);
+
+	/**
+	 * Push the objects and refs. Send the necessary objects, and
+	 * then, for any refs where peer_ref is set and
+	 * peer_ref->new_oid is different from old_oid, tell the
+	 * remote side to update each ref in the list from old_oid to
+	 * peer_ref->new_oid.
+	 *
+	 * Where possible, set the status for each ref appropriately.
+	 *
+	 * The transport must modify new_sha1 in the ref to the new
+	 * value if the remote accepted the change. Note that this
+	 * could be a different value from peer_ref->new_oid if the
+	 * process involved generating new commits.
+	 **/
+	int (*push_refs)(struct transport *transport, struct ref *refs, int flags);
+	int (*connect)(struct transport *connection, const char *name,
+		       const char *executable, int fd[2]);
+
+	/** get_refs_list(), fetch(), and push_refs() can keep
+	 * resources (such as a connection) reserved for further
+	 * use. disconnect() releases these resources.
+	 **/
+	int (*disconnect)(struct transport *connection);
+};
+
+#endif
diff --git a/transport.c b/transport.c
index 7231d1b..fc80226 100644
--- a/transport.c
+++ b/transport.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "sha1-array.h"
 #include "sigchain.h"
+#include "transport-internal.h"
 
 static void set_upstreams(struct transport *transport, struct ref *refs,
 	int pretend)
@@ -607,6 +608,15 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static struct transport_vtable taken_over_vtable = {
+	NULL,
+	get_refs_via_connect,
+	fetch_refs_via_pack,
+	git_transport_push,
+	NULL,
+	disconnect_git
+};
+
 void transport_take_over(struct transport *transport,
 			 struct child_process *child)
 {
@@ -624,12 +634,7 @@
 	data->got_remote_heads = 0;
 	transport->data = data;
 
-	transport->set_option = NULL;
-	transport->get_refs_list = get_refs_via_connect;
-	transport->fetch = fetch_refs_via_pack;
-	transport->push = NULL;
-	transport->push_refs = git_transport_push;
-	transport->disconnect = disconnect_git;
+	transport->vtable = &taken_over_vtable;
 	transport->smart_options = &(data->options);
 
 	transport->cannot_reuse = 1;
@@ -752,6 +757,24 @@
 		die("transport '%s' not allowed", type);
 }
 
+static struct transport_vtable bundle_vtable = {
+	NULL,
+	get_refs_from_bundle,
+	fetch_refs_from_bundle,
+	NULL,
+	NULL,
+	close_bundle
+};
+
+static struct transport_vtable builtin_smart_vtable = {
+	NULL,
+	get_refs_via_connect,
+	fetch_refs_via_pack,
+	git_transport_push,
+	connect_git,
+	disconnect_git
+};
+
 struct transport *transport_get(struct remote *remote, const char *url)
 {
 	const char *helper;
@@ -788,9 +811,7 @@
 		struct bundle_transport_data *data = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*data));
 		transport_check_allowed("file");
 		ret->data = data;
-		ret->get_refs_list = get_refs_from_bundle;
-		ret->fetch = fetch_refs_from_bundle;
-		ret->disconnect = close_bundle;
+		ret->vtable = &bundle_vtable;
 		ret->smart_options = NULL;
 	} else if (!is_url(url)
 		|| starts_with(url, "file://")
@@ -805,12 +826,7 @@
 		 */
 		struct git_transport_data *data = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*data));
 		ret->data = data;
-		ret->set_option = NULL;
-		ret->get_refs_list = get_refs_via_connect;
-		ret->fetch = fetch_refs_via_pack;
-		ret->push_refs = git_transport_push;
-		ret->connect = connect_git;
-		ret->disconnect = disconnect_git;
+		ret->vtable = &builtin_smart_vtable;
 		ret->smart_options = &(data->options);
 
 		data->conn = NULL;
@@ -844,9 +860,9 @@
 		git_reports = set_git_option(transport->smart_options,
 					     name, value);
 
-	if (transport->set_option)
-		protocol_reports = transport->set_option(transport, name,
-							value);
+	if (transport->vtable->set_option)
+		protocol_reports = transport->vtable->set_option(transport,
+								 name, value);
 
 	/* If either report is 0, report 0 (success). */
 	if (!git_reports || !protocol_reports)
@@ -969,13 +985,7 @@
 	*reject_reasons = 0;
 	transport_verify_remote_names(refspec_nr, refspec);
 
-	if (transport->push) {
-		/* Maybe FIXME. But no important transport uses this case. */
-		if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_SET_UPSTREAM)
-			die("This transport does not support using --set-upstream");
-
-		return transport->push(transport, refspec_nr, refspec, flags);
-	} else if (transport->push_refs) {
+	if (transport->vtable->push_refs) {
 		struct ref *remote_refs;
 		struct ref *local_refs = get_local_heads();
 		int match_flags = MATCH_REFS_NONE;
@@ -988,7 +998,7 @@
 		if (check_push_refs(local_refs, refspec_nr, refspec) < 0)
 			return -1;
 
-		remote_refs = transport->get_refs_list(transport, 1);
+		remote_refs = transport->vtable->get_refs_list(transport, 1);
 
 		if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL)
 			match_flags |= MATCH_REFS_ALL;
@@ -1063,7 +1073,7 @@
 		}
 
 		if (!(flags & TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ONLY))
-			push_ret = transport->push_refs(transport, remote_refs, flags);
+			push_ret = transport->vtable->push_refs(transport, remote_refs, flags);
 		else
 			push_ret = 0;
 		err = push_had_errors(remote_refs);
@@ -1097,7 +1107,7 @@
 const struct ref *transport_get_remote_refs(struct transport *transport)
 {
 	if (!transport->got_remote_refs) {
-		transport->remote_refs = transport->get_refs_list(transport, 0);
+		transport->remote_refs = transport->vtable->get_refs_list(transport, 0);
 		transport->got_remote_refs = 1;
 	}
 
@@ -1134,7 +1144,7 @@
 			heads[nr_heads++] = rm;
 	}
 
-	rc = transport->fetch(transport, nr_heads, heads);
+	rc = transport->vtable->fetch(transport, nr_heads, heads);
 
 	free(heads);
 	return rc;
@@ -1151,8 +1161,8 @@
 int transport_connect(struct transport *transport, const char *name,
 		      const char *exec, int fd[2])
 {
-	if (transport->connect)
-		return transport->connect(transport, name, exec, fd);
+	if (transport->vtable->connect)
+		return transport->vtable->connect(transport, name, exec, fd);
 	else
 		die("Operation not supported by protocol");
 }
@@ -1160,8 +1170,8 @@
 int transport_disconnect(struct transport *transport)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
-	if (transport->disconnect)
-		ret = transport->disconnect(transport);
+	if (transport->vtable->disconnect)
+		ret = transport->vtable->disconnect(transport);
 	free(transport);
 	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/transport.h b/transport.h
index bc55715..731c78b 100644
--- a/transport.h
+++ b/transport.h
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@
 };
 
 struct transport {
+	const struct transport_vtable *vtable;
+
 	struct remote *remote;
 	const char *url;
 	void *data;
@@ -59,59 +61,6 @@
 	 */
 	const struct string_list *push_options;
 
-	/**
-	 * Returns 0 if successful, positive if the option is not
-	 * recognized or is inapplicable, and negative if the option
-	 * is applicable but the value is invalid.
-	 **/
-	int (*set_option)(struct transport *connection, const char *name,
-			  const char *value);
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns a list of the remote side's refs. In order to allow
-	 * the transport to try to share connections, for_push is a
-	 * hint as to whether the ultimate operation is a push or a fetch.
-	 *
-	 * If the transport is able to determine the remote hash for
-	 * the ref without a huge amount of effort, it should store it
-	 * in the ref's old_sha1 field; otherwise it should be all 0.
-	 **/
-	struct ref *(*get_refs_list)(struct transport *transport, int for_push);
-
-	/**
-	 * Fetch the objects for the given refs. Note that this gets
-	 * an array, and should ignore the list structure.
-	 *
-	 * If the transport did not get hashes for refs in
-	 * get_refs_list(), it should set the old_sha1 fields in the
-	 * provided refs now.
-	 **/
-	int (*fetch)(struct transport *transport, int refs_nr, struct ref **refs);
-
-	/**
-	 * Push the objects and refs. Send the necessary objects, and
-	 * then, for any refs where peer_ref is set and
-	 * peer_ref->new_oid is different from old_oid, tell the
-	 * remote side to update each ref in the list from old_oid to
-	 * peer_ref->new_oid.
-	 *
-	 * Where possible, set the status for each ref appropriately.
-	 *
-	 * The transport must modify new_sha1 in the ref to the new
-	 * value if the remote accepted the change. Note that this
-	 * could be a different value from peer_ref->new_oid if the
-	 * process involved generating new commits.
-	 **/
-	int (*push_refs)(struct transport *transport, struct ref *refs, int flags);
-	int (*push)(struct transport *connection, int refspec_nr, const char **refspec, int flags);
-	int (*connect)(struct transport *connection, const char *name,
-		       const char *executable, int fd[2]);
-
-	/** get_refs_list(), fetch(), and push_refs() can keep
-	 * resources (such as a connection) reserved for further
-	 * use. disconnect() releases these resources.
-	 **/
-	int (*disconnect)(struct transport *connection);
 	char *pack_lockfile;
 	signed verbose : 3;
 	/**
diff --git a/version.c b/version.c
index 6106a80..41b718c 100644
--- a/version.c
+++ b/version.c
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include "strbuf.h"
 
 const char git_version_string[] = GIT_VERSION;
+const char git_built_from_commit_string[] = GIT_BUILT_FROM_COMMIT;
 
 const char *git_user_agent(void)
 {
diff --git a/version.h b/version.h
index 6911a4f..7c62e80 100644
--- a/version.h
+++ b/version.h
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #define VERSION_H
 
 extern const char git_version_string[];
+extern const char git_built_from_commit_string[];
 
 const char *git_user_agent(void);
 const char *git_user_agent_sanitized(void);