config.c

/*
 * GIT - The information manager from hell
 *
 * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
 * Copyright (C) Johannes Schindelin, 2005
 *
 */

#include "git-compat-util.h"
#include "abspath.h"
#include "advice.h"
#include "date.h"
#include "branch.h"
#include "config.h"
#include "dir.h"
#include "parse.h"
#include "convert.h"
#include "environment.h"
#include "gettext.h"
#include "git-zlib.h"
#include "repository.h"
#include "lockfile.h"
#include "exec-cmd.h"
#include "strbuf.h"
#include "quote.h"
#include "hashmap.h"
#include "string-list.h"
#include "object-name.h"
#include "odb.h"
#include "path.h"
#include "utf8.h"
#include "color.h"
#include "refs.h"
#include "setup.h"
#include "strvec.h"
#include "trace2.h"
#include "wildmatch.h"
#include "write-or-die.h"

struct config_source {
	struct config_source *prev;
	union {
		FILE *file;
		struct config_buf {
			const char *buf;
			size_t len;
			size_t pos;
		} buf;
	} u;
	enum config_origin_type origin_type;
	const char *name;
	enum config_error_action default_error_action;
	int linenr;
	int eof;
	size_t total_len;
	struct strbuf value;
	struct strbuf var;
	unsigned subsection_case_sensitive : 1;

	int (*do_fgetc)(struct config_source *c);
	int (*do_ungetc)(int c, struct config_source *conf);
	long (*do_ftell)(struct config_source *c);
};
#define CONFIG_SOURCE_INIT { 0 }

/*
 * Config that comes from trusted scopes, namely:
 * - CONFIG_SCOPE_SYSTEM (e.g. /etc/gitconfig)
 * - CONFIG_SCOPE_GLOBAL (e.g. $HOME/.gitconfig, $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git)
 * - CONFIG_SCOPE_COMMAND (e.g. "-c" option, environment variables)
 *
 * This is declared here for code cleanliness, but unlike the other
 * static variables, this does not hold config parser state.
 */
static struct config_set protected_config;

static int config_file_fgetc(struct config_source *conf)
{
	return getc_unlocked(conf->u.file);
}

static int config_file_ungetc(int c, struct config_source *conf)
{
	return ungetc(c, conf->u.file);
}

static long config_file_ftell(struct config_source *conf)
{
	return ftell(conf->u.file);
}

static int config_buf_fgetc(struct config_source *conf)
{
	if (conf->u.buf.pos < conf->u.buf.len)
		return conf->u.buf.buf[conf->u.buf.pos++];

	return EOF;
}

static int config_buf_ungetc(int c, struct config_source *conf)
{
	if (conf->u.buf.pos > 0) {
		conf->u.buf.pos--;
		if (conf->u.buf.buf[conf->u.buf.pos] != c)
			BUG("config_buf can only ungetc the same character");
		return c;
	}

	return EOF;
}

static long config_buf_ftell(struct config_source *conf)
{
	return conf->u.buf.pos;
}

struct config_include_data {
	int depth;
	config_fn_t fn;
	void *data;
	const struct config_options *opts;
	const struct git_config_source *config_source;
	struct repository *repo;

	/*
	 * All remote URLs discovered when reading all config files.
	 */
	struct string_list *remote_urls;
};
#define CONFIG_INCLUDE_INIT { 0 }

static int git_config_include(const char *var, const char *value,
			      const struct config_context *ctx, void *data);

#define MAX_INCLUDE_DEPTH 10
static const char include_depth_advice[] = N_(
"exceeded maximum include depth (%d) while including\n"
"	%s\n"
"from\n"
"	%s\n"
"This might be due to circular includes.");
static int handle_path_include(const struct key_value_info *kvi,
			       const char *path,
			       struct config_include_data *inc)
{
	int ret = 0;
	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
	char *expanded;

	if (!path)
		return config_error_nonbool("include.path");

	expanded = interpolate_path(path, 0);
	if (!expanded)
		return error(_("could not expand include path '%s'"), path);
	path = expanded;

	/*
	 * Use an absolute path as-is, but interpret relative paths
	 * based on the including config file.
	 */
	if (!is_absolute_path(path)) {
		char *slash;

		if (!kvi || kvi->origin_type != CONFIG_ORIGIN_FILE) {
			ret = error(_("relative config includes must come from files"));
			goto cleanup;
		}

		slash = find_last_dir_sep(kvi->filename);
		if (slash)
			strbuf_add(&buf, kvi->filename, slash - kvi->filename + 1);
		strbuf_addstr(&buf, path);
		path = buf.buf;
	}

	if (!access_or_die(path, R_OK, 0)) {
		if (++inc->depth > MAX_INCLUDE_DEPTH)
			die(_(include_depth_advice), MAX_INCLUDE_DEPTH, path,
			    !kvi ? "<unknown>" :
			    kvi->filename ? kvi->filename :
			    "the command line");
		ret = git_config_from_file_with_options(git_config_include, path, inc,
							kvi->scope, NULL);
		inc->depth--;
	}
cleanup:
	strbuf_release(&buf);
	free(expanded);
	return ret;
}

static void add_trailing_starstar_for_dir(struct strbuf *pat)
{
	if (pat->len && is_dir_sep(pat->buf[pat->len - 1]))
		strbuf_addstr(pat, "**");
}

static int prepare_include_condition_pattern(const struct key_value_info *kvi,
					     struct strbuf *pat,
					     size_t *out)
{
	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
	char *expanded;
	size_t prefix = 0;

	expanded = interpolate_path(pat->buf, 1);
	if (expanded) {
		strbuf_reset(pat);
		strbuf_addstr(pat, expanded);
		free(expanded);
	}

	if (pat->buf[0] == '.' && is_dir_sep(pat->buf[1])) {
		const char *slash;

		if (!kvi || kvi->origin_type != CONFIG_ORIGIN_FILE)
			return error(_("relative config include "
				       "conditionals must come from files"));

		strbuf_realpath(&path, kvi->filename, 1);
		slash = find_last_dir_sep(path.buf);
		if (!slash)
			BUG("how is this possible?");
		strbuf_splice(pat, 0, 1, path.buf, slash - path.buf);
		prefix = slash - path.buf + 1 /* slash */;
	} else if (!is_absolute_path(pat->buf))
		strbuf_insertstr(pat, 0, "**/");

	add_trailing_starstar_for_dir(pat);

	*out = prefix;

	strbuf_release(&path);
	return 0;
}

static int include_by_gitdir(const struct key_value_info *kvi,
			     const struct config_options *opts,
			     const char *cond, size_t cond_len, int icase)
{
	struct strbuf text = STRBUF_INIT;
	struct strbuf pattern = STRBUF_INIT;
	size_t prefix;
	int ret = 0;
	const char *git_dir;
	int already_tried_absolute = 0;

	if (opts->git_dir)
		git_dir = opts->git_dir;
	else
		goto done;

	strbuf_realpath(&text, git_dir, 1);
	strbuf_add(&pattern, cond, cond_len);
	ret = prepare_include_condition_pattern(kvi, &pattern, &prefix);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto done;

again:
	if (prefix > 0) {
		/*
		 * perform literal matching on the prefix part so that
		 * any wildcard character in it can't create side effects.
		 */
		if (text.len < prefix)
			goto done;
		if (!icase && strncmp(pattern.buf, text.buf, prefix))
			goto done;
		if (icase && strncasecmp(pattern.buf, text.buf, prefix))
			goto done;
	}

	ret = !wildmatch(pattern.buf + prefix, text.buf + prefix,
			 WM_PATHNAME | (icase ? WM_CASEFOLD : 0));

	if (!ret && !already_tried_absolute) {
		/*
		 * We've tried e.g. matching gitdir:~/work, but if
		 * ~/work is a symlink to /mnt/storage/work
		 * strbuf_realpath() will expand it, so the rule won't
		 * match. Let's match against a
		 * strbuf_add_absolute_path() version of the path,
		 * which'll do the right thing
		 */
		strbuf_reset(&text);
		strbuf_add_absolute_path(&text, git_dir);
		already_tried_absolute = 1;
		goto again;
	}
done:
	strbuf_release(&pattern);
	strbuf_release(&text);
	return ret;
}

static int include_by_branch(struct config_include_data *data,
			     const char *cond, size_t cond_len)
{
	int flags;
	int ret;
	struct strbuf pattern = STRBUF_INIT;
	const char *refname, *shortname;

	if (!data->repo || data->repo->ref_storage_format == REF_STORAGE_FORMAT_UNKNOWN)
		return 0;

	refname = refs_resolve_ref_unsafe(get_main_ref_store(data->repo),
					  "HEAD", 0, NULL, &flags);
	if (!refname ||
	    !(flags & REF_ISSYMREF) ||
	    !skip_prefix(refname, "refs/heads/", &shortname))
		return 0;

	strbuf_add(&pattern, cond, cond_len);
	add_trailing_starstar_for_dir(&pattern);
	ret = !wildmatch(pattern.buf, shortname, WM_PATHNAME);
	strbuf_release(&pattern);
	return ret;
}

static int add_remote_url(const char *var, const char *value,
			  const struct config_context *ctx UNUSED, void *data)
{
	struct string_list *remote_urls = data;
	const char *remote_name;
	size_t remote_name_len;
	const char *key;

	if (!parse_config_key(var, "remote", &remote_name, &remote_name_len,
			      &key) &&
	    remote_name &&
	    !strcmp(key, "url"))
		string_list_append(remote_urls, value);
	return 0;
}

static void populate_remote_urls(struct config_include_data *inc)
{
	struct config_options opts;

	opts = *inc->opts;
	opts.unconditional_remote_url = 1;

	inc->remote_urls = xmalloc(sizeof(*inc->remote_urls));
	string_list_init_dup(inc->remote_urls);
	config_with_options(add_remote_url, inc->remote_urls,
			    inc->config_source, inc->repo, &opts);
}

static int forbid_remote_url(const char *var, const char *value UNUSED,
			     const struct config_context *ctx UNUSED,
			     void *data UNUSED)
{
	const char *remote_name;
	size_t remote_name_len;
	const char *key;

	if (!parse_config_key(var, "remote", &remote_name, &remote_name_len,
			      &key) &&
	    remote_name &&
	    !strcmp(key, "url"))
		die(_("remote URLs cannot be configured in file directly or indirectly included by includeIf.hasconfig:remote.*.url"));
	return 0;
}

static int at_least_one_url_matches_glob(const char *glob, int glob_len,
					 struct string_list *remote_urls)
{
	struct strbuf pattern = STRBUF_INIT;
	struct string_list_item *url_item;
	int found = 0;

	strbuf_add(&pattern, glob, glob_len);
	for_each_string_list_item(url_item, remote_urls) {
		if (!wildmatch(pattern.buf, url_item->string, WM_PATHNAME)) {
			found = 1;
			break;
		}
	}
	strbuf_release(&pattern);
	return found;
}

static int include_by_remote_url(struct config_include_data *inc,
		const char *cond, size_t cond_len)
{
	if (inc->opts->unconditional_remote_url)
		return 1;
	if (!inc->remote_urls)
		populate_remote_urls(inc);
	return at_least_one_url_matches_glob(cond, cond_len,
					     inc->remote_urls);
}

static int include_condition_is_true(const struct key_value_info *kvi,
				     struct config_include_data *inc,
				     const char *cond, size_t cond_len)
{
	const struct config_options *opts = inc->opts;

	if (skip_prefix_mem(cond, cond_len, "gitdir:", &cond, &cond_len))
		return include_by_gitdir(kvi, opts, cond, cond_len, 0);
	else if (skip_prefix_mem(cond, cond_len, "gitdir/i:", &cond, &cond_len))
		return include_by_gitdir(kvi, opts, cond, cond_len, 1);
	else if (skip_prefix_mem(cond, cond_len, "onbranch:", &cond, &cond_len))
		return include_by_branch(inc, cond, cond_len);
	else if (skip_prefix_mem(cond, cond_len, "hasconfig:remote.*.url:", &cond,
				   &cond_len))
		return include_by_remote_url(inc, cond, cond_len);

	/* unknown conditionals are always false */
	return 0;
}

static int git_config_include(const char *var, const char *value,
			      const struct config_context *ctx,
			      void *data)
{
	struct config_include_data *inc = data;
	const char *cond, *key;
	size_t cond_len;
	int ret;

	/*
	 * Pass along all values, including "include" directives; this makes it
	 * possible to query information on the includes themselves.
	 */
	ret = inc->fn(var, value, ctx, inc->data);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	if (!strcmp(var, "include.path"))
		ret = handle_path_include(ctx->kvi, value, inc);

	if (!parse_config_key(var, "includeif", &cond, &cond_len, &key) &&
	    cond && include_condition_is_true(ctx->kvi, inc, cond, cond_len) &&
	    !strcmp(key, "path")) {
		config_fn_t old_fn = inc->fn;

		if (inc->opts->unconditional_remote_url)
			inc->fn = forbid_remote_url;
		ret = handle_path_include(ctx->kvi, value, inc);
		inc->fn = old_fn;
	}

	return ret;
}

static void git_config_push_split_parameter(const char *key, const char *value)
{
	struct strbuf env = STRBUF_INIT;
	const char *old = getenv(CONFIG_DATA_ENVIRONMENT);
	if (old && *old) {
		strbuf_addstr(&env, old);
		strbuf_addch(&env, ' ');
	}
	sq_quote_buf(&env, key);
	strbuf_addch(&env, '=');
	if (value)
		sq_quote_buf(&env, value);
	setenv(CONFIG_DATA_ENVIRONMENT, env.buf, 1);
	strbuf_release(&env);
}

void git_config_push_parameter(const char *text)
{
	const char *value;

	/*
	 * When we see:
	 *
	 *   section.subsection=with=equals.key=value
	 *
	 * we cannot tell if it means:
	 *
	 *   [section "subsection=with=equals"]
	 *   key = value
	 *
	 * or:
	 *
	 *   [section]
	 *   subsection = with=equals.key=value
	 *
	 * We parse left-to-right for the first "=", meaning we'll prefer to
	 * keep the value intact over the subsection. This is historical, but
	 * also sensible since values are more likely to contain odd or
	 * untrusted input than a section name.
	 *
	 * A missing equals is explicitly allowed (as a bool-only entry).
	 */
	value = strchr(text, '=');
	if (value) {
		char *key = xmemdupz(text, value - text);
		git_config_push_split_parameter(key, value + 1);
		free(key);
	} else {
		git_config_push_split_parameter(text, NULL);
	}
}

void git_config_push_env(const char *spec)
{
	char *key;
	const char *env_name;
	const char *env_value;

	env_name = strrchr(spec, '=');
	if (!env_name)
		die(_("invalid config format: %s"), spec);
	key = xmemdupz(spec, env_name - spec);
	env_name++;
	if (!*env_name)
		die(_("missing environment variable name for configuration '%.*s'"),
		    (int)(env_name - spec - 1), spec);

	env_value = getenv(env_name);
	if (!env_value)
		die(_("missing environment variable '%s' for configuration '%.*s'"),
		    env_name, (int)(env_name - spec - 1), spec);

	git_config_push_split_parameter(key, env_value);
	free(key);
}

static inline int iskeychar(int c)
{
	return isalnum(c) || c == '-';
}

/*
 * Auxiliary function to sanity-check and split the key into the section
 * identifier and variable name.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, -1 when there is an invalid character in the key and
 * -2 if there is no section name in the key.
 *
 * store_key - pointer to char* which will hold a copy of the key with
 *             lowercase section and variable name
 * baselen - pointer to size_t which will hold the length of the
 *           section + subsection part, can be NULL
 */
int git_config_parse_key(const char *key, char **store_key, size_t *baselen_)
{
	size_t i, baselen;
	int dot;
	const char *last_dot = strrchr(key, '.');

	/*
	 * Since "key" actually contains the section name and the real
	 * key name separated by a dot, we have to know where the dot is.
	 */

	if (last_dot == NULL || last_dot == key) {
		error(_("key does not contain a section: %s"), key);
		return -CONFIG_NO_SECTION_OR_NAME;
	}

	if (!last_dot[1]) {
		error(_("key does not contain variable name: %s"), key);
		return -CONFIG_NO_SECTION_OR_NAME;
	}

	baselen = last_dot - key;
	if (baselen_)
		*baselen_ = baselen;

	/*
	 * Validate the key and while at it, lower case it for matching.
	 */
	*store_key = xmallocz(strlen(key));

	dot = 0;
	for (i = 0; key[i]; i++) {
		unsigned char c = key[i];
		if (c == '.')
			dot = 1;
		/* Leave the extended basename untouched.. */
		if (!dot || i > baselen) {
			if (!iskeychar(c) ||
			    (i == baselen + 1 && !isalpha(c))) {
				error(_("invalid key: %s"), key);
				goto out_free_ret_1;
			}
			c = tolower(c);
		} else if (c == '\n') {
			error(_("invalid key (newline): %s"), key);
			goto out_free_ret_1;
		}
		(*store_key)[i] = c;
	}

	return 0;

out_free_ret_1:
	FREE_AND_NULL(*store_key);
	return -CONFIG_INVALID_KEY;
}

static int config_parse_pair(const char *key, const char *value,
			     struct key_value_info *kvi,
			     config_fn_t fn, void *data)
{
	char *canonical_name;
	int ret;
	struct config_context ctx = {
		.kvi = kvi,
	};

	if (!strlen(key))
		return error(_("empty config key"));
	if (git_config_parse_key(key, &canonical_name, NULL))
		return -1;

	ret = (fn(canonical_name, value, &ctx, data) < 0) ? -1 : 0;
	free(canonical_name);
	return ret;
}


/* for values read from `git_config_from_parameters()` */
void kvi_from_param(struct key_value_info *out)
{
	out->filename = NULL;
	out->linenr = -1;
	out->origin_type = CONFIG_ORIGIN_CMDLINE;
	out->scope = CONFIG_SCOPE_COMMAND;
}

int git_config_parse_parameter(const char *text,
			       config_fn_t fn, void *data)
{
	const char *value;
	struct string_list pair = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
	int ret;
	struct key_value_info kvi = KVI_INIT;

	kvi_from_param(&kvi);

	string_list_split(&pair, text, "=", 1);
	if (!pair.nr)
		return error(_("bogus config parameter: %s"), text);

	if (pair.nr == 1)
		value = NULL;
	else
		value = pair.items[1].string;

	if (!*pair.items[0].string) {
		string_list_clear(&pair, 0);
		return error(_("bogus config parameter: %s"), text);
	}

	ret = config_parse_pair(pair.items[0].string, value, &kvi, fn, data);
	string_list_clear(&pair, 0);
	return ret;
}

static int parse_config_env_list(char *env, struct key_value_info *kvi,
				 config_fn_t fn, void *data)
{
	char *cur = env;
	while (cur && *cur) {
		const char *key = sq_dequote_step(cur, &cur);
		if (!key)
			return error(_("bogus format in %s"),
				     CONFIG_DATA_ENVIRONMENT);

		if (!cur || isspace(*cur)) {
			/* old-style 'key=value' */
			if (git_config_parse_parameter(key, fn, data) < 0)
				return -1;
		}
		else if (*cur == '=') {
			/* new-style 'key'='value' */
			const char *value;

			cur++;
			if (*cur == '\'') {
				/* quoted value */
				value = sq_dequote_step(cur, &cur);
				if (!value || (cur && !isspace(*cur))) {
					return error(_("bogus format in %s"),
						     CONFIG_DATA_ENVIRONMENT);
				}
			} else if (!*cur || isspace(*cur)) {
				/* implicit bool: 'key'= */
				value = NULL;
			} else {
				return error(_("bogus format in %s"),
					     CONFIG_DATA_ENVIRONMENT);
			}

			if (config_parse_pair(key, value, kvi, fn, data) < 0)
				return -1;
		}
		else {
			/* unknown format */
			return error(_("bogus format in %s"),
				     CONFIG_DATA_ENVIRONMENT);
		}

		if (cur) {
			while (isspace(*cur))
				cur++;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

int git_config_from_parameters(config_fn_t fn, void *data)
{
	const char *env;
	struct strbuf envvar = STRBUF_INIT;
	struct strvec to_free = STRVEC_INIT;
	int ret = 0;
	char *envw = NULL;
	struct key_value_info kvi = KVI_INIT;

	kvi_from_param(&kvi);
	env = getenv(CONFIG_COUNT_ENVIRONMENT);
	if (env) {
		unsigned long count;
		char *endp;

		count = strtoul(env, &endp, 10);
		if (*endp) {
			ret = error(_("bogus count in %s"), CONFIG_COUNT_ENVIRONMENT);
			goto out;
		}
		if (count > INT_MAX) {
			ret = error(_("too many entries in %s"), CONFIG_COUNT_ENVIRONMENT);
			goto out;
		}

		for (unsigned long i = 0; i < count; i++) {
			const char *key, *value;

			strbuf_addf(&envvar, "GIT_CONFIG_KEY_%lu", i);
			key = getenv_safe(&to_free, envvar.buf);
			if (!key) {
				ret = error(_("missing config key %s"), envvar.buf);
				goto out;
			}
			strbuf_reset(&envvar);

			strbuf_addf(&envvar, "GIT_CONFIG_VALUE_%lu", i);
			value = getenv_safe(&to_free, envvar.buf);
			if (!value) {
				ret = error(_("missing config value %s"), envvar.buf);
				goto out;
			}
			strbuf_reset(&envvar);

			if (config_parse_pair(key, value, &kvi, fn, data) < 0) {
				ret = -1;
				goto out;
			}
		}
	}

	env = getenv(CONFIG_DATA_ENVIRONMENT);
	if (env) {
		/* sq_dequote will write over it */
		envw = xstrdup(env);
		if (parse_config_env_list(envw, &kvi, fn, data) < 0) {
			ret = -1;
			goto out;
		}
	}

out:
	strbuf_release(&envvar);
	strvec_clear(&to_free);
	free(envw);
	return ret;
}

static int get_next_char(struct config_source *cs)
{
	int c = cs->do_fgetc(cs);

	if (c == '\r') {
		/* DOS like systems */
		c = cs->do_fgetc(cs);
		if (c != '\n') {
			if (c != EOF)
				cs->do_ungetc(c, cs);
			c = '\r';
		}
	}

	if (c != EOF && ++cs->total_len > INT_MAX) {
		/*
		 * This is an absurdly long config file; refuse to parse
		 * further in order to protect downstream code from integer
		 * overflows. Note that we can't return an error specifically,
		 * but we can mark EOF and put trash in the return value,
		 * which will trigger a parse error.
		 */
		cs->eof = 1;
		return 0;
	}

	if (c == '\n')
		cs->linenr++;
	if (c == EOF) {
		cs->eof = 1;
		cs->linenr++;
		c = '\n';
	}
	return c;
}

static char *parse_value(struct config_source *cs)
{
	int quote = 0, comment = 0;
	size_t trim_len = 0;

	strbuf_reset(&cs->value);
	for (;;) {
		int c = get_next_char(cs);
		if (c == '\n') {
			if (quote) {
				cs->linenr--;
				return NULL;
			}
			if (trim_len)
				strbuf_setlen(&cs->value, trim_len);
			return cs->value.buf;
		}
		if (comment)
			continue;
		if (isspace(c) && !quote) {
			if (!trim_len)
				trim_len = cs->value.len;
			if (cs->value.len)
				strbuf_addch(&cs->value, c);
			continue;
		}
		if (!quote) {
			if (c == ';' || c == '#') {
				comment = 1;
				continue;
			}
		}
		if (trim_len)
			trim_len = 0;
		if (c == '\\') {
			c = get_next_char(cs);
			switch (c) {
			case '\n':
				continue;
			case 't':
				c = '\t';
				break;
			case 'b':
				c = '\b';
				break;
			case 'n':
				c = '\n';
				break;
			/* Some characters escape as themselves */
			case '\\': case '"':
				break;
			/* Reject unknown escape sequences */
			default:
				return NULL;
			}
			strbuf_addch(&cs->value, c);
			continue;
		}
		if (c == '"') {
			quote = 1 - quote;
			continue;
		}
		strbuf_addch(&cs->value, c);
	}
}

static int get_value(struct config_source *cs, struct key_value_info *kvi,
		     config_fn_t fn, void *data, struct strbuf *name)
{
	int c;
	char *value;
	int ret;
	struct config_context ctx = {
		.kvi = kvi,
	};

	/* Get the full name */
	for (;;) {
		c = get_next_char(cs);
		if (cs->eof)
			break;
		if (!iskeychar(c))
			break;
		strbuf_addch(name, tolower(c));
	}

	while (c == ' ' || c == '\t')
		c = get_next_char(cs);

	value = NULL;
	if (c != '\n') {
		if (c != '=')
			return -1;
		value = parse_value(cs);
		if (!value)
			return -1;
	}
	/*
	 * We already consumed the \n, but we need linenr to point to
	 * the line we just parsed during the call to fn to get
	 * accurate line number in error messages.
	 */
	cs->linenr--;
	kvi->linenr = cs->linenr;
	ret = fn(name->buf, value, &ctx, data);
	if (ret >= 0)
		cs->linenr++;
	return ret;
}

static int get_extended_base_var(struct config_source *cs, struct strbuf *name,
				 int c)
{
	cs->subsection_case_sensitive = 0;
	do {
		if (c == '\n')
			goto error_incomplete_line;
		c = get_next_char(cs);
	} while (isspace(c));

	/* We require the format to be '[base "extension"]' */
	if (c != '"')
		return -1;
	strbuf_addch(name, '.');

	for (;;) {
		int c = get_next_char(cs);
		if (c == '\n')
			goto error_incomplete_line;
		if (c == '"')
			break;
		if (c == '\\') {
			c = get_next_char(cs);
			if (c == '\n')
				goto error_incomplete_line;
		}
		strbuf_addch(name, c);
	}

	/* Final ']' */
	if (get_next_char(cs) != ']')
		return -1;
	return 0;
error_incomplete_line:
	cs->linenr--;
	return -1;
}

static int get_base_var(struct config_source *cs, struct strbuf *name)
{
	cs->subsection_case_sensitive = 1;
	for (;;) {
		int c = get_next_char(cs);
		if (cs->eof)
			return -1;
		if (c == ']')
			return 0;
		if (isspace(c))
			return get_extended_base_var(cs, name, c);
		if (!iskeychar(c) && c != '.')
			return -1;
		strbuf_addch(name, tolower(c));
	}
}

struct parse_event_data {
	enum config_event_t previous_type;
	size_t previous_offset;
	const struct config_options *opts;
};

static int do_event(struct config_source *cs, enum config_event_t type,
		    struct parse_event_data *data)
{
	size_t offset;

	if (!data->opts || !data->opts->event_fn)
		return 0;

	if (type == CONFIG_EVENT_WHITESPACE &&
	    data->previous_type == type)
		return 0;

	offset = cs->do_ftell(cs);
	/*
	 * At EOF, the parser always "inserts" an extra '\n', therefore
	 * the end offset of the event is the current file position, otherwise
	 * we will already have advanced to the next event.
	 */
	if (type != CONFIG_EVENT_EOF)
		offset--;

	if (data->previous_type != CONFIG_EVENT_EOF &&
	    data->opts->event_fn(data->previous_type, data->previous_offset,
				 offset, cs, data->opts->event_fn_data) < 0)
		return -1;

	data->previous_type = type;
	data->previous_offset = offset;

	return 0;
}

static void kvi_from_source(struct config_source *cs,
			    enum config_scope scope,
			    struct key_value_info *out)
{
	out->filename = strintern(cs->name);
	out->origin_type = cs->origin_type;
	out->linenr = cs->linenr;
	out->scope = scope;
}

static int git_parse_source(struct config_source *cs, config_fn_t fn,
			    struct key_value_info *kvi, void *data,
			    const struct config_options *opts)
{
	int comment = 0;
	size_t baselen = 0;
	struct strbuf *var = &cs->var;
	int error_return = 0;
	char *error_msg = NULL;

	/* U+FEFF Byte Order Mark in UTF8 */
	const char *bomptr = utf8_bom;

	/* For the parser event callback */
	struct parse_event_data event_data = {
		CONFIG_EVENT_EOF, 0, opts
	};

	for (;;) {
		int c;

		c = get_next_char(cs);
		if (bomptr && *bomptr) {
			/* We are at the file beginning; skip UTF8-encoded BOM
			 * if present. Sane editors won't put this in on their
			 * own, but e.g. Windows Notepad will do it happily. */
			if (c == (*bomptr & 0377)) {
				bomptr++;
				continue;
			} else {
				/* Do not tolerate partial BOM. */
				if (bomptr != utf8_bom)
					break;
				/* No BOM at file beginning. Cool. */
				bomptr = NULL;
			}
		}
		if (c == '\n') {
			if (cs->eof) {
				if (do_event(cs, CONFIG_EVENT_EOF, &event_data) < 0)
					return -1;
				return 0;
			}
			if (do_event(cs, CONFIG_EVENT_WHITESPACE, &event_data) < 0)
				return -1;
			comment = 0;
			continue;
		}
		if (comment)
			continue;
		if (isspace(c)) {
			if (do_event(cs, CONFIG_EVENT_WHITESPACE, &event_data) < 0)
					return -1;
			continue;
		}
		if (c == '#' || c == ';') {
			if (do_event(cs, CONFIG_EVENT_COMMENT, &event_data) < 0)
					return -1;
			comment = 1;
			continue;
		}
		if (c == '[') {
			if (do_event(cs, CONFIG_EVENT_SECTION, &event_data) < 0)
					return -1;

			/* Reset prior to determining a new stem */
			strbuf_reset(var);
			if (get_base_var(cs, var) < 0 || var->len < 1)
				break;
			strbuf_addch(var, '.');
			baselen = var->len;
			continue;
		}
		if (!isalpha(c))
			break;

		if (do_event(cs, CONFIG_EVENT_ENTRY, &event_data) < 0)
			return -1;

		/*
		 * Truncate the var name back to the section header
		 * stem prior to grabbing the suffix part of the name
		 * and the value.
		 */
		strbuf_setlen(var, baselen);
		strbuf_addch(var, tolower(c));
		if (get_value(cs, kvi, fn, data, var) < 0)
			break;
	}

	if (do_event(cs, CONFIG_EVENT_ERROR, &event_data) < 0)
		return -1;

	switch (cs->origin_type) {
	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_BLOB:
		error_msg = xstrfmt(_("bad config line %d in blob %s"),
				      cs->linenr, cs->name);
		break;
	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_FILE:
		error_msg = xstrfmt(_("bad config line %d in file %s"),
				      cs->linenr, cs->name);
		break;
	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_STDIN:
		error_msg = xstrfmt(_("bad config line %d in standard input"),
				      cs->linenr);
		break;
	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_SUBMODULE_BLOB:
		error_msg = xstrfmt(_("bad config line %d in submodule-blob %s"),
				       cs->linenr, cs->name);
		break;
	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_CMDLINE:
		error_msg = xstrfmt(_("bad config line %d in command line %s"),
				       cs->linenr, cs->name);
		break;
	default:
		error_msg = xstrfmt(_("bad config line %d in %s"),
				      cs->linenr, cs->name);
	}

	switch (opts && opts->error_action ?
		opts->error_action :
		cs->default_error_action) {
	case CONFIG_ERROR_DIE:
		die("%s", error_msg);
		break;
	case CONFIG_ERROR_ERROR:
		error_return = error("%s", error_msg);
		break;
	case CONFIG_ERROR_SILENT:
		error_return = -1;
		break;
	case CONFIG_ERROR_UNSET:
		BUG("config error action unset");
	}

	free(error_msg);
	return error_return;
}

NORETURN
static void die_bad_number(const char *name, const char *value,
			   const struct key_value_info *kvi)
{
	const char *error_type = (errno == ERANGE) ?
		N_("out of range") : N_("invalid unit");
	const char *bad_numeric = N_("bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s': %s");

	if (!kvi)
		BUG("kvi should not be NULL");

	if (!value)
		value = "";

	if (!kvi->filename)
		die(_(bad_numeric), value, name, _(error_type));

	switch (kvi->origin_type) {
	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_BLOB:
		die(_("bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in blob %s: %s"),
		    value, name, kvi->filename, _(error_type));
	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_FILE:
		die(_("bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in file %s: %s"),
		    value, name, kvi->filename, _(error_type));
	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_STDIN:
		die(_("bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in standard input: %s"),
		    value, name, _(error_type));
	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_SUBMODULE_BLOB:
		die(_("bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in submodule-blob %s: %s"),
		    value, name, kvi->filename, _(error_type));
	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_CMDLINE:
		die(_("bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in command line %s: %s"),
		    value, name, kvi->filename, _(error_type));
	default:
		die(_("bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: %s"),
		    value, name, kvi->filename, _(error_type));
	}
}

int git_config_int(const char *name, const char *value,
		   const struct key_value_info *kvi)
{
	int ret;
	if (!git_parse_int(value, &ret))
		die_bad_number(name, value, kvi);
	return ret;
}

int64_t git_config_int64(const char *name, const char *value,
			 const struct key_value_info *kvi)
{
	int64_t ret;
	if (!git_parse_int64(value, &ret))
		die_bad_number(name, value, kvi);
	return ret;
}

unsigned long git_config_ulong(const char *name, const char *value,
			       const struct key_value_info *kvi)
{
	unsigned long ret;
	if (!git_parse_ulong(value, &ret))
		die_bad_number(name, value, kvi);
	return ret;
}

ssize_t git_config_ssize_t(const char *name, const char *value,
			   const struct key_value_info *kvi)
{
	ssize_t ret;
	if (!git_parse_ssize_t(value, &ret))
		die_bad_number(name, value, kvi);
	return ret;
}

double git_config_double(const char *name, const char *value,
			 const struct key_value_info *kvi)
{
	double ret;
	if (!git_parse_double(value, &ret))
		die_bad_number(name, value, kvi);
	return ret;
}

int git_config_bool_or_int(const char *name, const char *value,
			   const struct key_value_info *kvi, int *is_bool)
{
	int v = git_parse_maybe_bool_text(value);
	if (0 <= v) {
		*is_bool = 1;
		return v;
	}
	*is_bool = 0;
	return git_config_int(name, value, kvi);
}

int git_config_bool(const char *name, const char *value)
{
	int v = git_parse_maybe_bool(value);
	if (v < 0)
		die(_("bad boolean config value '%s' for '%s'"), value, name);
	return v;
}

int git_config_string(char **dest, const char *var, const char *value)
{
	if (!value)
		return config_error_nonbool(var);
	*dest = xstrdup(value);
	return 0;
}

int git_config_pathname(char **dest, const char *var, const char *value)
{
	int is_optional;
	char *path;

	if (!value)
		return config_error_nonbool(var);

	is_optional = skip_prefix(value, ":(optional)", &value);
	path = interpolate_path(value, 0);
	if (!path)
		die(_("failed to expand user dir in: '%s'"), value);

	if (is_optional && is_missing_file(path)) {
		free(path);
		return 0;
	}

	*dest = path;
	return 0;
}

int git_config_expiry_date(timestamp_t *timestamp, const char *var, const char *value)
{
	if (!value)
		return config_error_nonbool(var);
	if (parse_expiry_date(value, timestamp))
		return error(_("'%s' for '%s' is not a valid timestamp"),
			     value, var);
	return 0;
}

int git_config_color(char *dest, const char *var, const char *value)
{
	if (!value)
		return config_error_nonbool(var);
	if (color_parse(value, dest) < 0)
		return -1;
	return 0;
}

/*
 * All source specific fields in the union, die_on_error, name and the callbacks
 * fgetc, ungetc, ftell of top need to be initialized before calling
 * this function.
 */
static int do_config_from(struct config_source *top, config_fn_t fn,
			  void *data, enum config_scope scope,
			  const struct config_options *opts)
{
	struct key_value_info kvi = KVI_INIT;
	int ret;

	/* push config-file parsing state stack */
	top->linenr = 1;
	top->eof = 0;
	top->total_len = 0;
	strbuf_init(&top->value, 1024);
	strbuf_init(&top->var, 1024);
	kvi_from_source(top, scope, &kvi);

	ret = git_parse_source(top, fn, &kvi, data, opts);

	strbuf_release(&top->value);
	strbuf_release(&top->var);

	return ret;
}

static int do_config_from_file(config_fn_t fn,
			       const enum config_origin_type origin_type,
			       const char *name, FILE *f, void *data,
			       enum config_scope scope,
			       const struct config_options *opts)
{
	struct config_source top = CONFIG_SOURCE_INIT;
	int ret;

	if (origin_type == CONFIG_ORIGIN_FILE && (!name || !*name))
		BUG("missing filename for CONFIG_ORIGIN_FILE");

	top.u.file = f;
	top.origin_type = origin_type;
	top.name = name;
	top.default_error_action = CONFIG_ERROR_DIE;
	top.do_fgetc = config_file_fgetc;
	top.do_ungetc = config_file_ungetc;
	top.do_ftell = config_file_ftell;

	flockfile(f);
	ret = do_config_from(&top, fn, data, scope, opts);
	funlockfile(f);
	return ret;
}

static int git_config_from_stdin(config_fn_t fn, void *data,
				 enum config_scope scope)
{
	return do_config_from_file(fn, CONFIG_ORIGIN_STDIN, "", stdin, data,
				   scope, NULL);
}

int git_config_from_file_with_options(config_fn_t fn, const char *filename,
				      void *data, enum config_scope scope,
				      const struct config_options *opts)
{
	int ret = -1;
	FILE *f;

	if (!filename)
		BUG("filename cannot be NULL");
	f = fopen_or_warn(filename, "r");
	if (f) {
		ret = do_config_from_file(fn, CONFIG_ORIGIN_FILE, filename,
					  f, data, scope, opts);
		fclose(f);
	}
	return ret;
}

int git_config_from_file(config_fn_t fn, const char *filename, void *data)
{
	return git_config_from_file_with_options(fn, filename, data,
						 CONFIG_SCOPE_UNKNOWN, NULL);
}

int git_config_from_mem(config_fn_t fn,
			const enum config_origin_type origin_type,
			const char *name, const char *buf, size_t len,
			void *data, enum config_scope scope,
			const struct config_options *opts)
{
	struct config_source top = CONFIG_SOURCE_INIT;

	top.u.buf.buf = buf;
	top.u.buf.len = len;
	top.u.buf.pos = 0;
	top.origin_type = origin_type;
	top.name = name;
	top.default_error_action = CONFIG_ERROR_ERROR;
	top.do_fgetc = config_buf_fgetc;
	top.do_ungetc = config_buf_ungetc;
	top.do_ftell = config_buf_ftell;

	return do_config_from(&top, fn, data, scope, opts);
}

int git_config_from_blob_oid(config_fn_t fn,
			      const char *name,
			      struct repository *repo,
			      const struct object_id *oid,
			      void *data,
			      enum config_scope scope)
{
	enum object_type type;
	char *buf;
	unsigned long size;
	int ret;

	buf = odb_read_object(repo->objects, oid, &type, &size);
	if (!buf)
		return error(_("unable to load config blob object '%s'"), name);
	if (type != OBJ_BLOB) {
		free(buf);
		return error(_("reference '%s' does not point to a blob"), name);
	}

	ret = git_config_from_mem(fn, CONFIG_ORIGIN_BLOB, name, buf, size,
				  data, scope, NULL);
	free(buf);

	return ret;
}

static int git_config_from_blob_ref(config_fn_t fn,
				    struct repository *repo,
				    const char *name,
				    void *data,
				    enum config_scope scope)
{
	struct object_id oid;

	if (repo_get_oid(repo, name, &oid) < 0)
		return error(_("unable to resolve config blob '%s'"), name);
	return git_config_from_blob_oid(fn, name, repo, &oid, data, scope);
}

char *git_system_config(void)
{
	char *system_config = xstrdup_or_null(getenv("GIT_CONFIG_SYSTEM"));
	if (!system_config)
		system_config = system_path(ETC_GITCONFIG);
	normalize_path_copy(system_config, system_config);
	return system_config;
}

char *git_global_config(void)
{
	char *user_config, *xdg_config;

	git_global_config_paths(&user_config, &xdg_config);
	if (!user_config) {
		free(xdg_config);
		return NULL;
	}

	if (access_or_warn(user_config, R_OK, 0) && xdg_config &&
	    !access_or_warn(xdg_config, R_OK, 0)) {
		free(user_config);
		return xdg_config;
	} else {
		free(xdg_config);
		return user_config;
	}
}

void git_global_config_paths(char **user_out, char **xdg_out)
{
	char *user_config = xstrdup_or_null(getenv("GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL"));
	char *xdg_config = NULL;

	if (!user_config) {
		user_config = interpolate_path("~/.gitconfig", 0);
		xdg_config = xdg_config_home("config");
	}

	*user_out = user_config;
	*xdg_out = xdg_config;
}

int git_config_system(void)
{
	return !git_env_bool("GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM", 0);
}

static int do_git_config_sequence(const struct config_options *opts,
				  const struct repository *repo,
				  config_fn_t fn, void *data)
{
	int ret = 0;
	char *system_config = git_system_config();
	char *xdg_config = NULL;
	char *user_config = NULL;
	char *repo_config;
	char *worktree_config;

	/*
	 * Ensure that either:
	 * - the git_dir and commondir are both set, or
	 * - the git_dir and commondir are both NULL
	 */
	if (!opts->git_dir != !opts->commondir)
		BUG("only one of commondir and git_dir is non-NULL");

	if (opts->commondir) {
		repo_config = mkpathdup("%s/config", opts->commondir);
		worktree_config = mkpathdup("%s/config.worktree", opts->git_dir);
	} else {
		repo_config = NULL;
		worktree_config = NULL;
	}

	if (git_config_system() && system_config &&
	    !access_or_die(system_config, R_OK,
			   opts->system_gently ? ACCESS_EACCES_OK : 0))
		ret += git_config_from_file_with_options(fn, system_config,
							 data, CONFIG_SCOPE_SYSTEM,
							 NULL);

	git_global_config_paths(&user_config, &xdg_config);

	if (xdg_config && !access_or_die(xdg_config, R_OK, ACCESS_EACCES_OK))
		ret += git_config_from_file_with_options(fn, xdg_config, data,
							 CONFIG_SCOPE_GLOBAL, NULL);

	if (user_config && !access_or_die(user_config, R_OK, ACCESS_EACCES_OK))
		ret += git_config_from_file_with_options(fn, user_config, data,
							 CONFIG_SCOPE_GLOBAL, NULL);

	if (!opts->ignore_repo && repo_config &&
	    !access_or_die(repo_config, R_OK, 0))
		ret += git_config_from_file_with_options(fn, repo_config, data,
							 CONFIG_SCOPE_LOCAL, NULL);

	if (!opts->ignore_worktree && worktree_config &&
	    repo && repo->repository_format_worktree_config &&
	    !access_or_die(worktree_config, R_OK, 0)) {
			ret += git_config_from_file_with_options(fn, worktree_config, data,
								 CONFIG_SCOPE_WORKTREE,
								 NULL);
	}

	if (!opts->ignore_cmdline && git_config_from_parameters(fn, data) < 0)
		die(_("unable to parse command-line config"));

	free(system_config);
	free(xdg_config);
	free(user_config);
	free(repo_config);
	free(worktree_config);
	return ret;
}

int config_with_options(config_fn_t fn, void *data,
			const struct git_config_source *config_source,
			struct repository *repo,
			const struct config_options *opts)
{
	struct config_include_data inc = CONFIG_INCLUDE_INIT;
	int ret;

	if (opts->respect_includes) {
		inc.fn = fn;
		inc.data = data;
		inc.opts = opts;
		inc.repo = repo;
		inc.config_source = config_source;
		fn = git_config_include;
		data = &inc;
	}

	/*
	 * If we have a specific filename, use it. Otherwise, follow the
	 * regular lookup sequence.
	 */
	if (config_source && config_source->use_stdin) {
		ret = git_config_from_stdin(fn, data, config_source->scope);
	} else if (config_source && config_source->file) {
		ret = git_config_from_file_with_options(fn, config_source->file,
							data, config_source->scope,
							NULL);
	} else if (config_source && config_source->blob) {
		ret = git_config_from_blob_ref(fn, repo, config_source->blob,
					       data, config_source->scope);
	} else {
		ret = do_git_config_sequence(opts, repo, fn, data);
	}

	if (inc.remote_urls) {
		string_list_clear(inc.remote_urls, 0);
		FREE_AND_NULL(inc.remote_urls);
	}
	return ret;
}

static void configset_iter(struct config_set *set, config_fn_t fn, void *data)
{
	int value_index;
	struct string_list *values;
	struct config_set_element *entry;
	struct configset_list *list = &set->list;
	struct config_context ctx = CONFIG_CONTEXT_INIT;

	for (size_t i = 0; i < list->nr; i++) {
		entry = list->items[i].e;
		value_index = list->items[i].value_index;
		values = &entry->value_list;

		ctx.kvi = values->items[value_index].util;
		if (fn(entry->key, values->items[value_index].string, &ctx, data) < 0)
			git_die_config_linenr(entry->key,
					      ctx.kvi->filename,
					      ctx.kvi->linenr);
	}
}

void read_early_config(struct repository *repo, config_fn_t cb, void *data)
{
	struct config_options opts = {0};
	struct strbuf commondir = STRBUF_INIT;
	struct strbuf gitdir = STRBUF_INIT;

	opts.respect_includes = 1;

	if (repo && repo->gitdir) {
		opts.commondir = repo_get_common_dir(repo);
		opts.git_dir = repo_get_git_dir(repo);
	/*
	 * When setup_git_directory() was not yet asked to discover the
	 * GIT_DIR, we ask discover_git_directory() to figure out whether there
	 * is any repository config we should use (but unlike
	 * setup_git_directory_gently(), no global state is changed, most
	 * notably, the current working directory is still the same after the
	 * call).
	 */
	} else if (!discover_git_directory(&commondir, &gitdir)) {
		opts.commondir = commondir.buf;
		opts.git_dir = gitdir.buf;
	}

	config_with_options(cb, data, NULL, NULL, &opts);

	strbuf_release(&commondir);
	strbuf_release(&gitdir);
}

void read_very_early_config(config_fn_t cb, void *data)
{
	struct config_options opts = { 0 };

	opts.respect_includes = 1;
	opts.ignore_repo = 1;
	opts.ignore_worktree = 1;
	opts.ignore_cmdline = 1;
	opts.system_gently = 1;

	config_with_options(cb, data, NULL, NULL, &opts);
}

RESULT_MUST_BE_USED
static int configset_find_element(struct config_set *set, const char *key,
				  struct config_set_element **dest)
{
	struct config_set_element k;
	struct config_set_element *found_entry;
	char *normalized_key;
	int ret;

	/*
	 * `key` may come from the user, so normalize it before using it
	 * for querying entries from the hashmap.
	 */
	ret = git_config_parse_key(key, &normalized_key, NULL);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	hashmap_entry_init(&k.ent, strhash(normalized_key));
	k.key = normalized_key;
	found_entry = hashmap_get_entry(&set->config_hash, &k, ent, NULL);
	free(normalized_key);
	*dest = found_entry;
	return 0;
}

static int configset_add_value(const struct key_value_info *kvi_p,
			       struct config_set *set, const char *key,
			       const char *value)
{
	struct config_set_element *e;
	struct string_list_item *si;
	struct configset_list_item *l_item;
	struct key_value_info *kv_info = xmalloc(sizeof(*kv_info));
	int ret;

	ret = configset_find_element(set, key, &e);
	if (ret)
		return ret;
	/*
	 * Since the keys are being fed by git_config*() callback mechanism, they
	 * are already normalized. So simply add them without any further munging.
	 */
	if (!e) {
		e = xmalloc(sizeof(*e));
		hashmap_entry_init(&e->ent, strhash(key));
		e->key = xstrdup(key);
		string_list_init_dup(&e->value_list);
		hashmap_add(&set->config_hash, &e->ent);
	}
	si = string_list_append_nodup(&e->value_list, xstrdup_or_null(value));

	ALLOC_GROW(set->list.items, set->list.nr + 1, set->list.alloc);
	l_item = &set->list.items[set->list.nr++];
	l_item->e = e;
	l_item->value_index = e->value_list.nr - 1;

	*kv_info = *kvi_p;
	si->util = kv_info;

	return 0;
}

static int config_set_element_cmp(const void *cmp_data UNUSED,
				  const struct hashmap_entry *eptr,
				  const struct hashmap_entry *entry_or_key,
				  const void *keydata UNUSED)
{
	const struct config_set_element *e1, *e2;

	e1 = container_of(eptr, const struct config_set_element, ent);
	e2 = container_of(entry_or_key, const struct config_set_element, ent);

	return strcmp(e1->key, e2->key);
}

void git_configset_init(struct config_set *set)
{
	hashmap_init(&set->config_hash, config_set_element_cmp, NULL, 0);
	set->hash_initialized = 1;
	set->list.nr = 0;
	set->list.alloc = 0;
	set->list.items = NULL;
}

void git_configset_clear(struct config_set *set)
{
	struct config_set_element *entry;
	struct hashmap_iter iter;
	if (!set->hash_initialized)
		return;

	hashmap_for_each_entry(&set->config_hash, &iter, entry,
				ent /* member name */) {
		free(entry->key);
		string_list_clear(&entry->value_list, 1);
	}
	hashmap_clear_and_free(&set->config_hash, struct config_set_element, ent);
	set->hash_initialized = 0;
	free(set->list.items);
	set->list.nr = 0;
	set->list.alloc = 0;
	set->list.items = NULL;
}

static int config_set_callback(const char *key, const char *value,
			       const struct config_context *ctx,
			       void *cb)
{
	struct config_set *set = cb;
	configset_add_value(ctx->kvi, set, key, value);
	return 0;
}

int git_configset_add_file(struct config_set *set, const char *filename)
{
	return git_config_from_file(config_set_callback, filename, set);
}

int git_configset_get_value(struct config_set *set, const char *key,
			    const char **value, struct key_value_info *kvi)
{
	const struct string_list *values = NULL;
	int ret;
	struct string_list_item item;
	/*
	 * Follows "last one wins" semantic, i.e., if there are multiple matches for the
	 * queried key in the files of the configset, the value returned will be the last
	 * value in the value list for that key.
	 */
	if ((ret = git_configset_get_value_multi(set, key, &values)))
		return ret;

	assert(values->nr > 0);
	item = values->items[values->nr - 1];
	*value = item.string;
	if (kvi)
		*kvi = *((struct key_value_info *)item.util);
	return 0;
}

int git_configset_get_value_multi(struct config_set *set, const char *key,
				  const struct string_list **dest)
{
	struct config_set_element *e;
	int ret;

	if ((ret = configset_find_element(set, key, &e)))
		return ret;
	else if (!e)
		return 1;
	*dest = &e->value_list;

	return 0;
}

static int check_multi_string(struct string_list_item *item, void *util)
{
	return item->string ? 0 : config_error_nonbool(util);
}

int git_configset_get_string_multi(struct config_set *cs, const char *key,
				   const struct string_list **dest)
{
	int ret;

	if ((ret = git_configset_get_value_multi(cs, key, dest)))
		return ret;
	if ((ret = for_each_string_list((struct string_list *)*dest,
					check_multi_string, (void *)key)))
		return ret;

	return 0;
}

int git_configset_get(struct config_set *set, const char *key)
{
	struct config_set_element *e;
	int ret;

	if ((ret = configset_find_element(set, key, &e)))
		return ret;
	else if (!e)
		return 1;
	return 0;
}

int git_configset_get_string(struct config_set *set, const char *key, char **dest)
{
	const char *value;
	if (!git_configset_get_value(set, key, &value, NULL))
		return git_config_string(dest, key, value);
	else
		return 1;
}

static int git_configset_get_string_tmp(struct config_set *set, const char *key,
					const char **dest)
{
	const char *value;
	if (!git_configset_get_value(set, key, &value, NULL)) {
		if (!value)
			return config_error_nonbool(key);
		*dest = value;
		return 0;
	} else {
		return 1;
	}
}

int git_configset_get_int(struct config_set *set, const char *key, int *dest)
{
	const char *value;
	struct key_value_info kvi;

	if (!git_configset_get_value(set, key, &value, &kvi)) {
		*dest = git_config_int(key, value, &kvi);
		return 0;
	} else
		return 1;
}

int git_configset_get_ulong(struct config_set *set, const char *key, unsigned long *dest)
{
	const char *value;
	struct key_value_info kvi;

	if (!git_configset_get_value(set, key, &value, &kvi)) {
		*dest = git_config_ulong(key, value, &kvi);
		return 0;
	} else
		return 1;
}

int git_configset_get_bool(struct config_set *set, const char *key, int *dest)
{
	const char *value;
	if (!git_configset_get_value(set, key, &value, NULL)) {
		*dest = git_config_bool(key, value);
		return 0;
	} else
		return 1;
}

int git_configset_get_bool_or_int(struct config_set *set, const char *key,
				int *is_bool, int *dest)
{
	const char *value;
	struct key_value_info kvi;

	if (!git_configset_get_value(set, key, &value, &kvi)) {
		*dest = git_config_bool_or_int(key, value, &kvi, is_bool);
		return 0;
	} else
		return 1;
}

int git_configset_get_maybe_bool(struct config_set *set, const char *key, int *dest)
{
	const char *value;
	if (!git_configset_get_value(set, key, &value, NULL)) {
		*dest = git_parse_maybe_bool(value);
		if (*dest == -1)
			return -1;
		return 0;
	} else
		return 1;
}

int git_configset_get_pathname(struct config_set *set, const char *key, char **dest)
{
	const char *value;
	if (!git_configset_get_value(set, key, &value, NULL))
		return git_config_pathname(dest, key, value);
	else
		return 1;
}

struct comment_char_config {
	unsigned last_key_id;
	bool auto_set;
	bool auto_set_in_file;
	struct strintmap key_flags;
	size_t alloc, nr;
	struct comment_char_config_item {
		unsigned key_id;
		char *path;
		enum config_scope scope;
	} *item;
};

#define COMMENT_CHAR_CFG_INIT {			\
		.key_flags = STRINTMAP_INIT,	\
	}

static void comment_char_config_release(struct comment_char_config *config)
{
	strintmap_clear(&config->key_flags);
	for (size_t i = 0; i < config->nr; i++)
		free(config->item[i].path);
	free(config->item);
}

/* Used to track whether the key occurs more than once in a given file */
#define KEY_SEEN_ONCE 1u
#define KEY_SEEN_TWICE 2u
#define COMMENT_KEY_SHIFT(id) (2 * (id))
#define COMMENT_KEY_MASK(id) (3u << COMMENT_KEY_SHIFT(id))

static void set_comment_key_flags(struct comment_char_config *config,
				  const char *path, unsigned id, unsigned value)
{
	unsigned old = strintmap_get(&config->key_flags, path);
	unsigned new = (old & ~COMMENT_KEY_MASK(id)) |
				value << COMMENT_KEY_SHIFT(id);

	strintmap_set(&config->key_flags, path, new);
}

static unsigned get_comment_key_flags(struct comment_char_config *config,
				      const char *path, unsigned id)
{
	unsigned value = strintmap_get(&config->key_flags, path);

	return (value & COMMENT_KEY_MASK(id)) >> COMMENT_KEY_SHIFT(id);
}

static const char *comment_key_name(unsigned id)
{
	static const char *name[] = {
		"core.commentChar",
		"core.commentString",
	};

	if (id >= ARRAY_SIZE(name))
		BUG("invalid comment key id");

	return name[id];
}

static void comment_char_callback(const char *key, const char *value,
				  const struct config_context *ctx, void *data)
{
	struct comment_char_config *config = data;
	const struct key_value_info *kvi = ctx->kvi;
	unsigned key_id;

	if (!strcmp(key, "core.commentchar"))
		key_id = 0;
	else if (!strcmp(key, "core.commentstring"))
		key_id = 1;
	else
		return;

	config->last_key_id = key_id;
	config->auto_set = value && !strcmp(value, "auto");
	if (kvi->origin_type != CONFIG_ORIGIN_FILE) {
		return;
	} else if (get_comment_key_flags(config, kvi->filename, key_id)) {
		set_comment_key_flags(config, kvi->filename, key_id,
				      KEY_SEEN_TWICE);
	} else {
		struct comment_char_config_item *item;

		ALLOC_GROW_BY(config->item, config->nr, 1, config->alloc);
		item = &config->item[config->nr - 1];
		item->key_id = key_id;
		item->scope = kvi->scope;
		item->path = xstrdup(kvi->filename);
		set_comment_key_flags(config, kvi->filename, key_id,
				      KEY_SEEN_ONCE);
	}
	config->auto_set_in_file = config->auto_set;
}

static void add_config_scope_arg(struct repository *repo, struct strbuf *buf,
				 struct comment_char_config_item *item)
{
	char *global_config = git_global_config();
	char *system_config = git_system_config();

	if (item->scope == CONFIG_SCOPE_SYSTEM && access(item->path, W_OK)) {
		/*
		 * If the user cannot write to the system config recommend
		 * setting the global config instead.
		 */
		strbuf_addstr(buf, "--global ");
	} else if (fspatheq(item->path, system_config)) {
		strbuf_addstr(buf, "--system ");
	} else if (fspatheq(item->path, global_config)) {
		strbuf_addstr(buf, "--global ");
	} else if (fspatheq(item->path,
			    mkpath("%s/config",
				   repo_get_git_dir(repo)))) {
		; /* --local is the default */
	} else if (fspatheq(item->path,
			    mkpath("%s/config.worktree",
				   repo_get_common_dir(repo)))) {
		strbuf_addstr(buf, "--worktree ");
	} else {
		const char *path = item->path;
		const char *home = getenv("HOME");

		strbuf_addstr(buf, "--file ");
		if (home && !fspathncmp(path, home, strlen(home))) {
			path += strlen(home);
			if (!fspathncmp(path, "/", 1))
				path++;
			strbuf_addstr(buf, "~/");
		}
		sq_quote_buf_pretty(buf, path);
		strbuf_addch(buf, ' ');
	}

	free(global_config);
	free(system_config);
}

static bool can_unset_comment_char_config(struct comment_char_config *config)
{
	for (size_t i = 0; i < config->nr; i++) {
		struct comment_char_config_item *item = &config->item[i];

		if (item->scope == CONFIG_SCOPE_SYSTEM &&
		    access(item->path, W_OK))
			return false;
	}

	return true;
}

static void add_unset_auto_comment_char_advice(struct repository *repo,
					       struct comment_char_config *config)
{
	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;

	if (!can_unset_comment_char_config(config))
		return;

	for (size_t i = 0; i < config->nr; i++) {
		struct comment_char_config_item *item = &config->item[i];

		strbuf_addstr(&buf, "    git config unset ");
		add_config_scope_arg(repo, &buf, item);
		if (get_comment_key_flags(config, item->path, item->key_id) == KEY_SEEN_TWICE)
			strbuf_addstr(&buf, "--all ");
		strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s\n", comment_key_name(item->key_id));
	}
	advise(_("\nTo use the default comment string (#) please run\n\n%s"),
	       buf.buf);
	strbuf_release(&buf);
}

static void add_comment_char_advice(struct repository *repo,
				    struct comment_char_config *config)
{
	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
	struct comment_char_config_item *item;
	/* TRANSLATORS this is a place holder for the value of core.commentString */
	const char *placeholder = _("<comment string>");

	/*
	 * If auto is set in the last file that we saw advise the user how to
	 * update their config.
	 */
	if (!config->auto_set_in_file)
		return;

	add_unset_auto_comment_char_advice(repo, config);
	item = &config->item[config->nr - 1];
	strbuf_reset(&buf);
	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "    git config set ");
	add_config_scope_arg(repo, &buf, item);
	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s %s\n", comment_key_name(item->key_id),
		    placeholder);
	advise(_("\nTo set a custom comment string please run\n\n"
		 "%s\nwhere '%s' is the string you wish to use.\n"),
	       buf.buf, placeholder);
	strbuf_release(&buf);
}

#undef KEY_SEEN_ONCE
#undef KEY_SEEN_TWICE
#undef COMMENT_KEY_SHIFT
#undef COMMENT_KEY_MASK

struct repo_config {
	struct repository *repo;
	struct comment_char_config comment_char_config;
};

#define REPO_CONFIG_INIT(repo_) {				\
		.comment_char_config = COMMENT_CHAR_CFG_INIT,	\
		.repo = repo_,					\
	};

static void repo_config_release(struct repo_config *config)
{
	comment_char_config_release(&config->comment_char_config);
}

#ifdef WITH_BREAKING_CHANGES
static void check_auto_comment_char_config(struct repository *repo,
					   struct comment_char_config *config)
{
	if (!config->auto_set)
		return;

	die_message(_("Support for '%s=auto' has been removed in Git 3.0"),
		    comment_key_name(config->last_key_id));
	add_comment_char_advice(repo, config);
	die(NULL);
}
#else
static void check_auto_comment_char_config(struct repository *repo,
					   struct comment_char_config *config)
{
	extern bool warn_on_auto_comment_char;
	const char *DEPRECATED_CONFIG_ENV =
				"GIT_AUTO_COMMENT_CHAR_CONFIG_WARNING_GIVEN";

	if (!config->auto_set || !warn_on_auto_comment_char)
		return;

	/*
	 * Use an environment variable to ensure that subprocesses do not repeat
	 * the warning.
	 */
	if (git_env_bool(DEPRECATED_CONFIG_ENV, false))
		return;

	setenv(DEPRECATED_CONFIG_ENV, "true", true);

	warning(_("Support for '%s=auto' is deprecated and will be removed in "
		  "Git 3.0"), comment_key_name(config->last_key_id));
	add_comment_char_advice(repo, config);
}
#endif /* WITH_BREAKING_CHANGES */

static void check_deprecated_config(struct repo_config *config)
{
	if (!config->repo->check_deprecated_config)
			return;

	check_auto_comment_char_config(config->repo,
				       &config->comment_char_config);
}

static int repo_config_callback(const char *key, const char *value,
				const struct config_context *ctx, void *data)
{
	struct repo_config *config = data;

	comment_char_callback(key, value, ctx, &config->comment_char_config);
	return config_set_callback(key, value, ctx, config->repo->config);
}

/* Functions use to read configuration from a repository */
static void repo_read_config(struct repository *repo)
{
	struct config_options opts = { 0 };
	struct repo_config config = REPO_CONFIG_INIT(repo);

	opts.respect_includes = 1;
	opts.commondir = repo->commondir;
	opts.git_dir = repo->gitdir;

	if (!repo->config)
		CALLOC_ARRAY(repo->config, 1);
	else
		git_configset_clear(repo->config);

	git_configset_init(repo->config);
	if (config_with_options(repo_config_callback, &config, NULL, repo,
				&opts) < 0)
		/*
		 * config_with_options() normally returns only
		 * zero, as most errors are fatal, and
		 * non-fatal potential errors are guarded by "if"
		 * statements that are entered only when no error is
		 * possible.
		 *
		 * If we ever encounter a non-fatal error, it means
		 * something went really wrong and we should stop
		 * immediately.
		 */
		die(_("unknown error occurred while reading the configuration files"));
	check_deprecated_config(&config);
	repo_config_release(&config);
}

static void git_config_check_init(struct repository *repo)
{
	if (repo->config && repo->config->hash_initialized)
		return;
	repo_read_config(repo);
}

void repo_config_clear(struct repository *repo)
{
	if (!repo->config || !repo->config->hash_initialized)
		return;
	git_configset_clear(repo->config);
}

void repo_config(struct repository *repo, config_fn_t fn, void *data)
{
	if (!repo) {
		read_very_early_config(fn, data);
		return;
	}
	git_config_check_init(repo);
	configset_iter(repo->config, fn, data);
}

int repo_config_get(struct repository *repo, const char *key)
{
	git_config_check_init(repo);
	return git_configset_get(repo->config, key);
}

int repo_config_get_value(struct repository *repo,
			  const char *key, const char **value)
{
	git_config_check_init(repo);
	return git_configset_get_value(repo->config, key, value, NULL);
}

int repo_config_get_value_multi(struct repository *repo, const char *key,
				const struct string_list **dest)
{
	git_config_check_init(repo);
	return git_configset_get_value_multi(repo->config, key, dest);
}

int repo_config_get_string_multi(struct repository *repo, const char *key,
				 const struct string_list **dest)
{
	git_config_check_init(repo);
	return git_configset_get_string_multi(repo->config, key, dest);
}

int repo_config_get_string(struct repository *repo,
			   const char *key, char **dest)
{
	int ret;
	git_config_check_init(repo);
	ret = git_configset_get_string(repo->config, key, dest);
	if (ret < 0)
		git_die_config(repo, key, NULL);
	return ret;
}

int repo_config_get_string_tmp(struct repository *repo,
			       const char *key, const char **dest)
{
	int ret;
	git_config_check_init(repo);
	ret = git_configset_get_string_tmp(repo->config, key, dest);
	if (ret < 0)
		git_die_config(repo, key, NULL);
	return ret;
}

int repo_config_get_int(struct repository *repo,
			const char *key, int *dest)
{
	git_config_check_init(repo);
	return git_configset_get_int(repo->config, key, dest);
}

int repo_config_get_ulong(struct repository *repo,
			  const char *key, unsigned long *dest)
{
	git_config_check_init(repo);
	return git_configset_get_ulong(repo->config, key, dest);
}

int repo_config_get_bool(struct repository *repo,
			 const char *key, int *dest)
{
	git_config_check_init(repo);
	return git_configset_get_bool(repo->config, key, dest);
}

int repo_config_get_bool_or_int(struct repository *repo,
				const char *key, int *is_bool, int *dest)
{
	git_config_check_init(repo);
	return git_configset_get_bool_or_int(repo->config, key, is_bool, dest);
}

int repo_config_get_maybe_bool(struct repository *repo,
			       const char *key, int *dest)
{
	git_config_check_init(repo);
	return git_configset_get_maybe_bool(repo->config, key, dest);
}

int repo_config_get_pathname(struct repository *repo,
			     const char *key, char **dest)
{
	int ret;
	git_config_check_init(repo);
	ret = git_configset_get_pathname(repo->config, key, dest);
	if (ret < 0)
		git_die_config(repo, key, NULL);
	return ret;
}

/* Read values into protected_config. */
static void read_protected_config(void)
{
	struct config_options opts = {
		.respect_includes = 1,
		.ignore_repo = 1,
		.ignore_worktree = 1,
		.system_gently = 1,
	};

	git_configset_init(&protected_config);
	config_with_options(config_set_callback, &protected_config, NULL,
			    NULL, &opts);
}

void git_protected_config(config_fn_t fn, void *data)
{
	if (!protected_config.hash_initialized)
		read_protected_config();
	configset_iter(&protected_config, fn, data);
}

int repo_config_get_expiry(struct repository *r, const char *key, char **output)
{
	int ret = repo_config_get_string(r, key, output);

	if (ret)
		return ret;
	if (strcmp(*output, "now")) {
		timestamp_t now = approxidate("now");
		if (approxidate(*output) >= now)
			git_die_config(r, key, _("Invalid %s: '%s'"), key, *output);
	}
	return ret;
}

int repo_config_get_expiry_in_days(struct repository *r, const char *key,
				   timestamp_t *expiry, timestamp_t now)
{
	const char *expiry_string;
	intmax_t days;
	timestamp_t when;

	if (repo_config_get_string_tmp(r, key, &expiry_string))
		return 1; /* no such thing */

	if (git_parse_signed(expiry_string, &days, maximum_signed_value_of_type(int))) {
		const int scale = 86400;
		*expiry = now - days * scale;
		return 0;
	}

	if (!parse_expiry_date(expiry_string, &when)) {
		*expiry = when;
		return 0;
	}
	return -1; /* thing exists but cannot be parsed */
}

int repo_config_get_split_index(struct repository *r)
{
	int val;

	if (!repo_config_get_maybe_bool(r, "core.splitindex", &val))
		return val;

	return -1; /* default value */
}

int repo_config_get_max_percent_split_change(struct repository *r)
{
	int val = -1;

	if (!repo_config_get_int(r, "splitindex.maxpercentchange", &val)) {
		if (0 <= val && val <= 100)
			return val;

		return error(_("splitIndex.maxPercentChange value '%d' "
			       "should be between 0 and 100"), val);
	}

	return -1; /* default value */
}

int repo_config_get_index_threads(struct repository *r, int *dest)
{
	int is_bool, val;

	val = git_env_ulong("GIT_TEST_INDEX_THREADS", 0);
	if (val) {
		*dest = val;
		return 0;
	}

	if (!repo_config_get_bool_or_int(r, "index.threads", &is_bool, &val)) {
		if (is_bool)
			*dest = val ? 0 : 1;
		else
			*dest = val;
		return 0;
	}

	return 1;
}

NORETURN
void git_die_config_linenr(const char *key, const char *filename, int linenr)
{
	if (!filename)
		die(_("unable to parse '%s' from command-line config"), key);
	else
		die(_("bad config variable '%s' in file '%s' at line %d"),
		    key, filename, linenr);
}

void git_die_config(struct repository *r, const char *key, const char *err, ...)
{
	const struct string_list *values;
	struct key_value_info *kv_info;
	report_fn error_fn = get_error_routine();

	if (err) {
		va_list params;
		va_start(params, err);
		error_fn(err, params);
		va_end(params);
	}
	if (repo_config_get_value_multi(r, key, &values))
		BUG("for key '%s' we must have a value to report on", key);
	kv_info = values->items[values->nr - 1].util;
	git_die_config_linenr(key, kv_info->filename, kv_info->linenr);
}

/*
 * Find all the stuff for repo_config_set() below.
 */

struct config_store_data {
	size_t baselen;
	char *key;
	int do_not_match;
	const char *fixed_value;
	regex_t *value_pattern;
	int multi_replace;
	struct {
		size_t begin, end;
		enum config_event_t type;
		int is_keys_section;
	} *parsed;
	unsigned int parsed_nr, parsed_alloc, *seen, seen_nr, seen_alloc;
	unsigned int key_seen:1, section_seen:1, is_keys_section:1;
};
#define CONFIG_STORE_INIT { 0 }

static void config_store_data_clear(struct config_store_data *store)
{
	free(store->key);
	if (store->value_pattern != NULL &&
	    store->value_pattern != CONFIG_REGEX_NONE) {
		regfree(store->value_pattern);
		free(store->value_pattern);
	}
	free(store->parsed);
	free(store->seen);
	memset(store, 0, sizeof(*store));
}

static int matches(const char *key, const char *value,
		   const struct config_store_data *store)
{
	if (strcmp(key, store->key))
		return 0; /* not ours */
	if (store->fixed_value && value)
		return !strcmp(store->fixed_value, value);
	if (!store->value_pattern)
		return 1; /* always matches */
	if (store->value_pattern == CONFIG_REGEX_NONE)
		return 0; /* never matches */

	return store->do_not_match ^
		(value && !regexec(store->value_pattern, value, 0, NULL, 0));
}

static int store_aux_event(enum config_event_t type, size_t begin, size_t end,
			   struct config_source *cs, void *data)
{
	struct config_store_data *store = data;

	ALLOC_GROW(store->parsed, store->parsed_nr + 1, store->parsed_alloc);
	store->parsed[store->parsed_nr].begin = begin;
	store->parsed[store->parsed_nr].end = end;
	store->parsed[store->parsed_nr].type = type;

	if (type == CONFIG_EVENT_SECTION) {
		int (*cmpfn)(const char *, const char *, size_t);

		if (cs->var.len < 2 || cs->var.buf[cs->var.len - 1] != '.')
			return error(_("invalid section name '%s'"), cs->var.buf);

		if (cs->subsection_case_sensitive)
			cmpfn = strncasecmp;
		else
			cmpfn = strncmp;

		/* Is this the section we were looking for? */
		store->is_keys_section =
			store->parsed[store->parsed_nr].is_keys_section =
			cs->var.len - 1 == store->baselen &&
			!cmpfn(cs->var.buf, store->key, store->baselen);
		if (store->is_keys_section) {
			store->section_seen = 1;
			ALLOC_GROW(store->seen, store->seen_nr + 1,
				   store->seen_alloc);
			store->seen[store->seen_nr] = store->parsed_nr;
		}
	}

	store->parsed_nr++;

	return 0;
}

static int store_aux(const char *key, const char *value,
		     const struct config_context *ctx UNUSED, void *cb)
{
	struct config_store_data *store = cb;

	if (store->key_seen) {
		if (matches(key, value, store)) {
			if (store->seen_nr == 1 && store->multi_replace == 0) {
				warning(_("%s has multiple values"), key);
			}

			ALLOC_GROW(store->seen, store->seen_nr + 1,
				   store->seen_alloc);

			store->seen[store->seen_nr] = store->parsed_nr;
			store->seen_nr++;
		}
	} else if (store->is_keys_section) {
		/*
		 * Do not increment matches yet: this may not be a match, but we
		 * are in the desired section.
		 */
		ALLOC_GROW(store->seen, store->seen_nr + 1, store->seen_alloc);
		store->seen[store->seen_nr] = store->parsed_nr;
		store->section_seen = 1;

		if (matches(key, value, store)) {
			store->seen_nr++;
			store->key_seen = 1;
		}
	}

	return 0;
}

static int write_error(const char *filename)
{
	error(_("failed to write new configuration file %s"), filename);

	/* Same error code as "failed to rename". */
	return 4;
}

static struct strbuf store_create_section(const char *key,
					  const struct config_store_data *store)
{
	const char *dot;
	size_t i;
	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;

	dot = memchr(key, '.', store->baselen);
	if (dot) {
		strbuf_addf(&sb, "[%.*s \"", (int)(dot - key), key);
		for (i = dot - key + 1; i < store->baselen; i++) {
			if (key[i] == '"' || key[i] == '\\')
				strbuf_addch(&sb, '\\');
			strbuf_addch(&sb, key[i]);
		}
		strbuf_addstr(&sb, "\"]\n");
	} else {
		strbuf_addch(&sb, '[');
		strbuf_add(&sb, key, store->baselen);
		strbuf_addstr(&sb, "]\n");
	}

	return sb;
}

static ssize_t write_section(int fd, const char *key,
			     const struct config_store_data *store)
{
	struct strbuf sb = store_create_section(key, store);
	ssize_t ret;

	ret = write_in_full(fd, sb.buf, sb.len);
	strbuf_release(&sb);

	return ret;
}

static ssize_t write_pair(int fd, const char *key, const char *value,
			  const char *comment,
			  const struct config_store_data *store)
{
	int i;
	ssize_t ret;
	const char *quote = "";
	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;

	/*
	 * Check to see if the value needs to be surrounded with a dq pair.
	 * Note that problematic characters are always backslash-quoted; this
	 * check is about not losing leading or trailing SP and strings that
	 * follow beginning-of-comment characters (i.e. ';' and '#') by the
	 * configuration parser.
	 */
	if (value[0] == ' ')
		quote = "\"";
	for (i = 0; value[i]; i++)
		if (value[i] == ';' || value[i] == '#' || value[i] == '\r')
			quote = "\"";
	if (i && value[i - 1] == ' ')
		quote = "\"";

	strbuf_addf(&sb, "\t%s = %s", key + store->baselen + 1, quote);

	for (i = 0; value[i]; i++)
		switch (value[i]) {
		case '\n':
			strbuf_addstr(&sb, "\\n");
			break;
		case '\t':
			strbuf_addstr(&sb, "\\t");
			break;
		case '"':
		case '\\':
			strbuf_addch(&sb, '\\');
			/* fallthrough */
		default:
			strbuf_addch(&sb, value[i]);
			break;
		}

	if (comment)
		strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s%s\n", quote, comment);
	else
		strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s\n", quote);

	ret = write_in_full(fd, sb.buf, sb.len);
	strbuf_release(&sb);

	return ret;
}

/*
 * If we are about to unset the last key(s) in a section, and if there are
 * no comments surrounding (or included in) the section, we will want to
 * extend begin/end to remove the entire section.
 *
 * Note: the parameter `seen_ptr` points to the index into the store.seen
 * array.  * This index may be incremented if a section has more than one
 * entry (which all are to be removed).
 */
static void maybe_remove_section(struct config_store_data *store,
				 size_t *begin_offset, size_t *end_offset,
				 unsigned *seen_ptr)
{
	size_t begin;
	int section_seen = 0;
	unsigned int i, seen;

	/*
	 * First, ensure that this is the first key, and that there are no
	 * comments before the entry nor before the section header.
	 */
	seen = *seen_ptr;
	for (i = store->seen[seen]; i > 0; i--) {
		enum config_event_t type = store->parsed[i - 1].type;

		if (type == CONFIG_EVENT_COMMENT)
			/* There is a comment before this entry or section */
			return;
		if (type == CONFIG_EVENT_ENTRY) {
			if (!section_seen)
				/* This is not the section's first entry. */
				return;
			/* We encountered no comment before the section. */
			break;
		}
		if (type == CONFIG_EVENT_SECTION) {
			if (!store->parsed[i - 1].is_keys_section)
				break;
			section_seen = 1;
		}
	}
	begin = store->parsed[i].begin;

	/*
	 * Next, make sure that we are removing the last key(s) in the section,
	 * and that there are no comments that are possibly about the current
	 * section.
	 */
	for (i = store->seen[seen] + 1; i < store->parsed_nr; i++) {
		enum config_event_t type = store->parsed[i].type;

		if (type == CONFIG_EVENT_COMMENT)
			return;
		if (type == CONFIG_EVENT_SECTION) {
			if (store->parsed[i].is_keys_section)
				continue;
			break;
		}
		if (type == CONFIG_EVENT_ENTRY) {
			if (++seen < store->seen_nr &&
			    i == store->seen[seen])
				/* We want to remove this entry, too */
				continue;
			/* There is another entry in this section. */
			return;
		}
	}

	/*
	 * We are really removing the last entry/entries from this section, and
	 * there are no enclosed or surrounding comments. Remove the entire,
	 * now-empty section.
	 */
	*seen_ptr = seen;
	*begin_offset = begin;
	if (i < store->parsed_nr)
		*end_offset = store->parsed[i].begin;
	else
		*end_offset = store->parsed[store->parsed_nr - 1].end;
}

int repo_config_set_in_file_gently(struct repository *r, const char *config_filename,
				   const char *key, const char *comment, const char *value)
{
	return repo_config_set_multivar_in_file_gently(r, config_filename, key, value, NULL, comment, 0);
}

void repo_config_set_in_file(struct repository *r, const char *config_filename,
			     const char *key, const char *value)
{
	repo_config_set_multivar_in_file(r, config_filename, key, value, NULL, 0);
}

int repo_config_set_gently(struct repository *r, const char *key, const char *value)
{
	return repo_config_set_multivar_gently(r, key, value, NULL, 0);
}

int repo_config_set_worktree_gently(struct repository *r,
				    const char *key, const char *value)
{
	/* Only use worktree-specific config if it is already enabled. */
	if (r->repository_format_worktree_config) {
		char *file = repo_git_path(r, "config.worktree");
		int ret = repo_config_set_multivar_in_file_gently(
					r, file, key, value, NULL, NULL, 0);
		free(file);
		return ret;
	}
	return repo_config_set_multivar_gently(r, key, value, NULL, 0);
}

void repo_config_set(struct repository *r, const char *key, const char *value)
{
	repo_config_set_multivar(r, key, value, NULL, 0);

	trace2_cmd_set_config(key, value);
}

char *git_config_prepare_comment_string(const char *comment)
{
	size_t leading_blanks;
	char *prepared;

	if (!comment)
		return NULL;

	if (strchr(comment, '\n'))
		die(_("no multi-line comment allowed: '%s'"), comment);

	/*
	 * If it begins with one or more leading whitespace characters
	 * followed by '#", the comment string is used as-is.
	 *
	 * If it begins with '#', a SP is inserted between the comment
	 * and the value the comment is about.
	 *
	 * Otherwise, the value is followed by a SP followed by '#'
	 * followed by SP and then the comment string comes.
	 */

	leading_blanks = strspn(comment, " \t");
	if (leading_blanks && comment[leading_blanks] == '#')
		prepared = xstrdup(comment); /* use it as-is */
	else if (comment[0] == '#')
		prepared = xstrfmt(" %s", comment);
	else
		prepared = xstrfmt(" # %s", comment);

	return prepared;
}

static void validate_comment_string(const char *comment)
{
	size_t leading_blanks;

	if (!comment)
		return;
	/*
	 * The front-end must have massaged the comment string
	 * properly before calling us.
	 */
	if (strchr(comment, '\n'))
		BUG("multi-line comments are not permitted: '%s'", comment);

	leading_blanks = strspn(comment, " \t");
	if (!leading_blanks || comment[leading_blanks] != '#')
		BUG("comment must begin with one or more SP followed by '#': '%s'",
		    comment);
}

/*
 * If value==NULL, unset in (remove from) config,
 * if value_pattern!=NULL, disregard key/value pairs where value does not match.
 * if value_pattern==CONFIG_REGEX_NONE, do not match any existing values
 *     (only add a new one)
 * if flags contains the CONFIG_FLAGS_MULTI_REPLACE flag, all matching
 *     key/values are removed before a single new pair is written. If the
 *     flag is not present, then replace only the first match.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success.
 *
 * This function does this:
 *
 * - it locks the config file by creating ".git/config.lock"
 *
 * - it then parses the config using store_aux() as validator to find
 *   the position on the key/value pair to replace. If it is to be unset,
 *   it must be found exactly once.
 *
 * - the config file is mmap()ed and the part before the match (if any) is
 *   written to the lock file, then the changed part and the rest.
 *
 * - the config file is removed and the lock file rename()d to it.
 *
 */
int repo_config_set_multivar_in_file_gently(struct repository *r,
					    const char *config_filename,
					    const char *key, const char *value,
					    const char *value_pattern,
					    const char *comment,
					    unsigned flags)
{
	int fd = -1, in_fd = -1;
	int ret;
	struct lock_file lock = LOCK_INIT;
	char *filename_buf = NULL;
	char *contents = NULL;
	size_t contents_sz;
	struct config_store_data store = CONFIG_STORE_INIT;
	bool saved_check_deprecated_config = r->check_deprecated_config;

	/*
	 * Do not warn or die if there are deprecated config settings as
	 * we want the user to be able to change those settings by running
	 * "git config".
	 */
	r->check_deprecated_config = false;

	validate_comment_string(comment);

	/* parse-key returns negative; flip the sign to feed exit(3) */
	ret = 0 - git_config_parse_key(key, &store.key, &store.baselen);
	if (ret)
		goto out_free;

	store.multi_replace = (flags & CONFIG_FLAGS_MULTI_REPLACE) != 0;

	if (!config_filename)
		config_filename = filename_buf = repo_git_path(r, "config");

	/*
	 * The lock serves a purpose in addition to locking: the new
	 * contents of .git/config will be written into it.
	 */
	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&lock, config_filename, 0);
	if (fd < 0) {
		error_errno(_("could not lock config file %s"), config_filename);
		ret = CONFIG_NO_LOCK;
		goto out_free;
	}

	/*
	 * If .git/config does not exist yet, write a minimal version.
	 */
	in_fd = open(config_filename, O_RDONLY);
	if ( in_fd < 0 ) {
		if ( ENOENT != errno ) {
			error_errno(_("opening %s"), config_filename);
			ret = CONFIG_INVALID_FILE; /* same as "invalid config file" */
			goto out_free;
		}
		/* if nothing to unset, error out */
		if (!value) {
			ret = CONFIG_NOTHING_SET;
			goto out_free;
		}

		free(store.key);
		store.key = xstrdup(key);
		if (write_section(fd, key, &store) < 0 ||
		    write_pair(fd, key, value, comment, &store) < 0)
			goto write_err_out;
	} else {
		struct stat st;
		size_t copy_begin, copy_end;
		unsigned i;
		int new_line = 0;
		struct config_options opts;

		if (!value_pattern)
			store.value_pattern = NULL;
		else if (value_pattern == CONFIG_REGEX_NONE)
			store.value_pattern = CONFIG_REGEX_NONE;
		else if (flags & CONFIG_FLAGS_FIXED_VALUE)
			store.fixed_value = value_pattern;
		else {
			if (value_pattern[0] == '!') {
				store.do_not_match = 1;
				value_pattern++;
			} else
				store.do_not_match = 0;

			store.value_pattern = (regex_t*)xmalloc(sizeof(regex_t));
			if (regcomp(store.value_pattern, value_pattern,
					REG_EXTENDED)) {
				error(_("invalid pattern: %s"), value_pattern);
				FREE_AND_NULL(store.value_pattern);
				ret = CONFIG_INVALID_PATTERN;
				goto out_free;
			}
		}

		ALLOC_GROW(store.parsed, 1, store.parsed_alloc);
		store.parsed[0].end = 0;

		memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
		opts.event_fn = store_aux_event;
		opts.event_fn_data = &store;

		/*
		 * After this, store.parsed will contain offsets of all the
		 * parsed elements, and store.seen will contain a list of
		 * matches, as indices into store.parsed.
		 *
		 * As a side effect, we make sure to transform only a valid
		 * existing config file.
		 */
		if (git_config_from_file_with_options(store_aux,
						      config_filename,
						      &store, CONFIG_SCOPE_UNKNOWN,
						      &opts)) {
			error(_("invalid config file %s"), config_filename);
			ret = CONFIG_INVALID_FILE;
			goto out_free;
		}

		/* if nothing to unset, or too many matches, error out */
		if ((store.seen_nr == 0 && value == NULL) ||
		    (store.seen_nr > 1 && !store.multi_replace)) {
			ret = CONFIG_NOTHING_SET;
			goto out_free;
		}

		if (fstat(in_fd, &st) == -1) {
			error_errno(_("fstat on %s failed"), config_filename);
			ret = CONFIG_INVALID_FILE;
			goto out_free;
		}

		contents_sz = xsize_t(st.st_size);
		contents = xmmap_gently(NULL, contents_sz, PROT_READ,
					MAP_PRIVATE, in_fd, 0);
		if (contents == MAP_FAILED) {
			if (errno == ENODEV && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
				errno = EISDIR;
			error_errno(_("unable to mmap '%s'%s"),
					config_filename, mmap_os_err());
			ret = CONFIG_INVALID_FILE;
			contents = NULL;
			goto out_free;
		}
		close(in_fd);
		in_fd = -1;

		if (chmod(get_lock_file_path(&lock), st.st_mode & 07777) < 0) {
			error_errno(_("chmod on %s failed"), get_lock_file_path(&lock));
			ret = CONFIG_NO_WRITE;
			goto out_free;
		}

		if (store.seen_nr == 0) {
			if (!store.seen_alloc) {
				/* Did not see key nor section */
				ALLOC_GROW(store.seen, 1, store.seen_alloc);
				store.seen[0] = store.parsed_nr
					- !!store.parsed_nr;
			}
			store.seen_nr = 1;
		}

		for (i = 0, copy_begin = 0; i < store.seen_nr; i++) {
			size_t replace_end;
			int j = store.seen[i];

			new_line = 0;
			if (!store.key_seen) {
				copy_end = store.parsed[j].end;
				/* include '\n' when copying section header */
				if (copy_end > 0 && copy_end < contents_sz &&
				    contents[copy_end - 1] != '\n' &&
				    contents[copy_end] == '\n')
					copy_end++;
				replace_end = copy_end;
			} else {
				replace_end = store.parsed[j].end;
				copy_end = store.parsed[j].begin;
				if (!value)
					maybe_remove_section(&store,
							     &copy_end,
							     &replace_end, &i);
				/*
				 * Swallow preceding white-space on the same
				 * line.
				 */
				while (copy_end > 0 ) {
					char c = contents[copy_end - 1];

					if (isspace(c) && c != '\n')
						copy_end--;
					else
						break;
				}
			}

			if (copy_end > 0 && contents[copy_end-1] != '\n')
				new_line = 1;

			/* write the first part of the config */
			if (copy_end > copy_begin) {
				if (write_in_full(fd, contents + copy_begin,
						  copy_end - copy_begin) < 0)
					goto write_err_out;
				if (new_line &&
				    write_str_in_full(fd, "\n") < 0)
					goto write_err_out;
			}
			copy_begin = replace_end;
		}

		/* write the pair (value == NULL means unset) */
		if (value) {
			if (!store.section_seen) {
				if (write_section(fd, key, &store) < 0)
					goto write_err_out;
			}
			if (write_pair(fd, key, value, comment, &store) < 0)
				goto write_err_out;
		}

		/* write the rest of the config */
		if (copy_begin < contents_sz)
			if (write_in_full(fd, contents + copy_begin,
					  contents_sz - copy_begin) < 0)
				goto write_err_out;

		munmap(contents, contents_sz);
		contents = NULL;
	}

	if (commit_lock_file(&lock) < 0) {
		error_errno(_("could not write config file %s"), config_filename);
		ret = CONFIG_NO_WRITE;
		goto out_free;
	}

	ret = 0;

	/* Invalidate the config cache */
	repo_config_clear(r);

out_free:
	rollback_lock_file(&lock);
	free(filename_buf);
	if (contents)
		munmap(contents, contents_sz);
	if (in_fd >= 0)
		close(in_fd);
	config_store_data_clear(&store);
	r->check_deprecated_config = saved_check_deprecated_config;
	return ret;

write_err_out:
	ret = write_error(get_lock_file_path(&lock));
	goto out_free;
}

void repo_config_set_multivar_in_file(struct repository *r,
				      const char *config_filename,
				      const char *key, const char *value,
				      const char *value_pattern, unsigned flags)
{
	if (!repo_config_set_multivar_in_file_gently(r, config_filename, key, value,
						     value_pattern, NULL, flags))
		return;
	if (value)
		die(_("could not set '%s' to '%s'"), key, value);
	else
		die(_("could not unset '%s'"), key);
}

int repo_config_set_multivar_gently(struct repository *r, const char *key,
				    const char *value,
				    const char *value_pattern, unsigned flags)
{
	char *file = repo_git_path(r, "config");
	int res = repo_config_set_multivar_in_file_gently(r, file,
							  key, value,
							  value_pattern,
							  NULL, flags);
	free(file);
	return res;
}

void repo_config_set_multivar(struct repository *r,
			      const char *key, const char *value,
			      const char *value_pattern, unsigned flags)
{
	char *file = repo_git_path(r, "config");
	repo_config_set_multivar_in_file(r, file, key, value,
					 value_pattern, flags);
	free(file);
}

static size_t section_name_match (const char *buf, const char *name)
{
	size_t i = 0, j = 0;
	int dot = 0;
	if (buf[i] != '[')
		return 0;
	for (i = 1; buf[i] && buf[i] != ']'; i++) {
		if (!dot && isspace(buf[i])) {
			dot = 1;
			if (name[j++] != '.')
				break;
			for (i++; isspace(buf[i]); i++)
				; /* do nothing */
			if (buf[i] != '"')
				break;
			continue;
		}
		if (buf[i] == '\\' && dot)
			i++;
		else if (buf[i] == '"' && dot) {
			for (i++; isspace(buf[i]); i++)
				; /* do_nothing */
			break;
		}
		if (buf[i] != name[j++])
			break;
	}
	if (buf[i] == ']' && name[j] == 0) {
		/*
		 * We match, now just find the right length offset by
		 * gobbling up any whitespace after it, as well
		 */
		i++;
		for (; buf[i] && isspace(buf[i]); i++)
			; /* do nothing */
		return i;
	}
	return 0;
}

static int section_name_is_ok(const char *name)
{
	/* Empty section names are bogus. */
	if (!*name)
		return 0;

	/*
	 * Before a dot, we must be alphanumeric or dash. After the first dot,
	 * anything goes, so we can stop checking.
	 */
	for (; *name && *name != '.'; name++)
		if (*name != '-' && !isalnum(*name))
			return 0;
	return 1;
}

#define GIT_CONFIG_MAX_LINE_LEN (512 * 1024)

/* if new_name == NULL, the section is removed instead */
static int repo_config_copy_or_rename_section_in_file(
	struct repository *r,
	const char *config_filename,
	const char *old_name,
	const char *new_name, int copy)
{
	int ret = 0, remove = 0;
	char *filename_buf = NULL;
	struct lock_file lock = LOCK_INIT;
	int out_fd;
	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
	FILE *config_file = NULL;
	struct stat st;
	struct strbuf copystr = STRBUF_INIT;
	struct config_store_data store;
	uint32_t line_nr = 0;

	memset(&store, 0, sizeof(store));

	if (new_name && !section_name_is_ok(new_name)) {
		ret = error(_("invalid section name: %s"), new_name);
		goto out_no_rollback;
	}

	if (!config_filename)
		config_filename = filename_buf = repo_git_path(r, "config");

	out_fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&lock, config_filename, 0);
	if (out_fd < 0) {
		ret = error(_("could not lock config file %s"), config_filename);
		goto out;
	}

	if (!(config_file = fopen(config_filename, "rb"))) {
		ret = warn_on_fopen_errors(config_filename);
		if (ret)
			goto out;
		/* no config file means nothing to rename, no error */
		goto commit_and_out;
	}

	if (fstat(fileno(config_file), &st) == -1) {
		ret = error_errno(_("fstat on %s failed"), config_filename);
		goto out;
	}

	if (chmod(get_lock_file_path(&lock), st.st_mode & 07777) < 0) {
		ret = error_errno(_("chmod on %s failed"),
				  get_lock_file_path(&lock));
		goto out;
	}

	while (!strbuf_getwholeline(&buf, config_file, '\n')) {
		size_t i, length;
		int is_section = 0;
		char *output = buf.buf;

		line_nr++;

		if (buf.len >= GIT_CONFIG_MAX_LINE_LEN) {
			ret = error(_("refusing to work with overly long line "
				      "in '%s' on line %"PRIuMAX),
				    config_filename, (uintmax_t)line_nr);
			goto out;
		}

		for (i = 0; buf.buf[i] && isspace(buf.buf[i]); i++)
			; /* do nothing */
		if (buf.buf[i] == '[') {
			/* it's a section */
			size_t offset;
			is_section = 1;

			/*
			 * When encountering a new section under -c we
			 * need to flush out any section we're already
			 * coping and begin anew. There might be
			 * multiple [branch "$name"] sections.
			 */
			if (copystr.len > 0) {
				if (write_in_full(out_fd, copystr.buf, copystr.len) < 0) {
					ret = write_error(get_lock_file_path(&lock));
					goto out;
				}
				strbuf_reset(&copystr);
			}

			offset = section_name_match(&buf.buf[i], old_name);
			if (offset > 0) {
				ret++;
				if (!new_name) {
					remove = 1;
					continue;
				}
				store.baselen = strlen(new_name);
				if (!copy) {
					if (write_section(out_fd, new_name, &store) < 0) {
						ret = write_error(get_lock_file_path(&lock));
						goto out;
					}
					/*
					 * We wrote out the new section, with
					 * a newline, now skip the old
					 * section's length
					 */
					output += offset + i;
					if (strlen(output) > 0) {
						/*
						 * More content means there's
						 * a declaration to put on the
						 * next line; indent with a
						 * tab
						 */
						output -= 1;
						output[0] = '\t';
					}
				} else {
					strbuf_release(&copystr);
					copystr = store_create_section(new_name, &store);
				}
			}
			remove = 0;
		}
		if (remove)
			continue;
		length = strlen(output);

		if (!is_section && copystr.len > 0) {
			strbuf_add(&copystr, output, length);
		}

		if (write_in_full(out_fd, output, length) < 0) {
			ret = write_error(get_lock_file_path(&lock));
			goto out;
		}
	}

	/*
	 * Copy a trailing section at the end of the config, won't be
	 * flushed by the usual "flush because we have a new section
	 * logic in the loop above.
	 */
	if (copystr.len > 0) {
		if (write_in_full(out_fd, copystr.buf, copystr.len) < 0) {
			ret = write_error(get_lock_file_path(&lock));
			goto out;
		}
		strbuf_reset(&copystr);
	}

	fclose(config_file);
	config_file = NULL;
commit_and_out:
	if (commit_lock_file(&lock) < 0)
		ret = error_errno(_("could not write config file %s"),
				  config_filename);
out:
	if (config_file)
		fclose(config_file);
	rollback_lock_file(&lock);
out_no_rollback:
	free(filename_buf);
	config_store_data_clear(&store);
	strbuf_release(&buf);
	strbuf_release(&copystr);
	return ret;
}

int repo_config_rename_section_in_file(struct repository *r, const char *config_filename,
				       const char *old_name, const char *new_name)
{
	return repo_config_copy_or_rename_section_in_file(r, config_filename,
					 old_name, new_name, 0);
}

int repo_config_rename_section(struct repository *r, const char *old_name, const char *new_name)
{
	return repo_config_rename_section_in_file(r, NULL, old_name, new_name);
}

int repo_config_copy_section_in_file(struct repository *r, const char *config_filename,
				     const char *old_name, const char *new_name)
{
	return repo_config_copy_or_rename_section_in_file(r, config_filename,
					 old_name, new_name, 1);
}

int repo_config_copy_section(struct repository *r, const char *old_name, const char *new_name)
{
	return repo_config_copy_section_in_file(r, NULL, old_name, new_name);
}

/*
 * Call this to report error for your variable that should not
 * get a boolean value (i.e. "[my] var" means "true").
 */
#undef config_error_nonbool
int config_error_nonbool(const char *var)
{
	return error(_("missing value for '%s'"), var);
}

int parse_config_key(const char *var,
		     const char *section,
		     const char **subsection, size_t *subsection_len,
		     const char **key)
{
	const char *dot;

	/* Does it start with "section." ? */
	if (!skip_prefix(var, section, &var) || *var != '.')
		return -1;

	/*
	 * Find the key; we don't know yet if we have a subsection, but we must
	 * parse backwards from the end, since the subsection may have dots in
	 * it, too.
	 */
	dot = strrchr(var, '.');
	*key = dot + 1;

	/* Did we have a subsection at all? */
	if (dot == var) {
		if (subsection) {
			*subsection = NULL;
			*subsection_len = 0;
		}
	}
	else {
		if (!subsection)
			return -1;
		*subsection = var + 1;
		*subsection_len = dot - *subsection;
	}

	return 0;
}

const char *config_origin_type_name(enum config_origin_type type)
{
	switch (type) {
	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_BLOB:
		return "blob";
	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_FILE:
		return "file";
	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_STDIN:
		return "standard input";
	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_SUBMODULE_BLOB:
		return "submodule-blob";
	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_CMDLINE:
		return "command line";
	default:
		BUG("unknown config origin type");
	}
}

const char *config_scope_name(enum config_scope scope)
{
	switch (scope) {
	case CONFIG_SCOPE_SYSTEM:
		return "system";
	case CONFIG_SCOPE_GLOBAL:
		return "global";
	case CONFIG_SCOPE_LOCAL:
		return "local";
	case CONFIG_SCOPE_WORKTREE:
		return "worktree";
	case CONFIG_SCOPE_COMMAND:
		return "command";
	case CONFIG_SCOPE_SUBMODULE:
		return "submodule";
	default:
		return "unknown";
	}
}

int lookup_config(const char **mapping, int nr_mapping, const char *var)
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < nr_mapping; i++) {
		const char *name = mapping[i];

		if (name && !strcasecmp(var, name))
			return i;
	}
	return -1;
}