Documentation/git-send-email.txt - git - Git at Google

 git-send-email(1)
 =================

 NAME
 ----
 git-send-email - Send a collection of patches as emails


 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git send-email' [<options>] <file|directory|rev-list options>...
 'git send-email' --dump-aliases


 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Takes the patches given on the command line and emails them out.
 Patches can be specified as files, directories (which will send all
 files in the directory), or directly as a revision list.  In the
 last case, any format accepted by linkgit:git-format-patch[1] can
 be passed to git send-email.

 The header of the email is configurable via command-line options.  If not
 specified on the command line, the user will be prompted with a ReadLine
 enabled interface to provide the necessary information.

 There are two formats accepted for patch files:

 1. mbox format files
 +
 This is what linkgit:git-format-patch[1] generates.  Most headers and MIME
 formatting are ignored.

 2. The original format used by Greg Kroah-Hartman's 'send_lots_of_email.pl'
 script
 +
 This format expects the first line of the file to contain the "Cc:" value
 and the "Subject:" of the message as the second line.


 OPTIONS
 -------

 Composing
 ~~~~~~~~~

 --annotate::
 	Review and edit each patch you're about to send. Default is the value
 	of `sendemail.annotate`. See the CONFIGURATION section for
 	`sendemail.multiEdit`.

 --bcc=<address>,...::
 	Specify a "Bcc:" value for each email. Default is the value of
 	`sendemail.bcc`.
 +
 This option may be specified multiple times.

 --cc=<address>,...::
 	Specify a starting "Cc:" value for each email.
 	Default is the value of `sendemail.cc`.
 +
 This option may be specified multiple times.

 --compose::
 	Invoke a text editor (see GIT_EDITOR in linkgit:git-var[1])
 	to edit an introductory message for the patch series.
 +
 When `--compose` is used, git send-email will use the From, Subject, and
 In-Reply-To headers specified in the message. If the body of the message
 (what you type after the headers and a blank line) only contains blank
 (or Git: prefixed) lines, the summary won't be sent, but From, Subject,
 and In-Reply-To headers will be used unless they are removed.
 +
 Missing From or In-Reply-To headers will be prompted for.
 +
 See the CONFIGURATION section for `sendemail.multiEdit`.

 --from=<address>::
 	Specify the sender of the emails.  If not specified on the command line,
 	the value of the `sendemail.from` configuration option is used.  If
 	neither the command-line option nor `sendemail.from` are set, then the
 	user will be prompted for the value.  The default for the prompt will be
 	the value of GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT, or GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT if that is not
 	set, as returned by "git var -l".

 --reply-to=<address>::
 	Specify the address where replies from recipients should go to.
 	Use this if replies to messages should go to another address than what
 	is specified with the --from parameter.

 --in-reply-to=<identifier>::
 	Make the first mail (or all the mails with `--no-thread`) appear as a
 	reply to the given Message-Id, which avoids breaking threads to
 	provide a new patch series.
 	The second and subsequent emails will be sent as replies according to
 	the `--[no-]chain-reply-to` setting.
 +
 So for example when `--thread` and `--no-chain-reply-to` are specified, the
 second and subsequent patches will be replies to the first one like in the
 illustration below where `[PATCH v2 0/3]` is in reply to `[PATCH 0/2]`:
 +
   [PATCH 0/2] Here is what I did...
     [PATCH 1/2] Clean up and tests
     [PATCH 2/2] Implementation
     [PATCH v2 0/3] Here is a reroll
       [PATCH v2 1/3] Clean up
       [PATCH v2 2/3] New tests
       [PATCH v2 3/3] Implementation
 +
 Only necessary if --compose is also set.  If --compose
 is not set, this will be prompted for.

 --subject=<string>::
 	Specify the initial subject of the email thread.
 	Only necessary if --compose is also set.  If --compose
 	is not set, this will be prompted for.

 --to=<address>,...::
 	Specify the primary recipient of the emails generated. Generally, this
 	will be the upstream maintainer of the project involved. Default is the
 	value of the `sendemail.to` configuration value; if that is unspecified,
 	and --to-cmd is not specified, this will be prompted for.
 +
 This option may be specified multiple times.

 --8bit-encoding=<encoding>::
 	When encountering a non-ASCII message or subject that does not
 	declare its encoding, add headers/quoting to indicate it is
 	encoded in <encoding>.  Default is the value of the
 	'sendemail.assume8bitEncoding'; if that is unspecified, this
 	will be prompted for if any non-ASCII files are encountered.
 +
 Note that no attempts whatsoever are made to validate the encoding.

 --compose-encoding=<encoding>::
 	Specify encoding of compose message. Default is the value of the
 	'sendemail.composeencoding'; if that is unspecified, UTF-8 is assumed.

 --transfer-encoding=(7bit|8bit|quoted-printable|base64|auto)::
 	Specify the transfer encoding to be used to send the message over SMTP.
 	7bit will fail upon encountering a non-ASCII message.  quoted-printable
 	can be useful when the repository contains files that contain carriage
 	returns, but makes the raw patch email file (as saved from a MUA) much
 	harder to inspect manually.  base64 is even more fool proof, but also
 	even more opaque.  auto will use 8bit when possible, and quoted-printable
 	otherwise.
 +
 Default is the value of the `sendemail.transferEncoding` configuration
 value; if that is unspecified, default to `auto`.

 --xmailer::
 --no-xmailer::
 	Add (or prevent adding) the "X-Mailer:" header.  By default,
 	the header is added, but it can be turned off by setting the
 	`sendemail.xmailer` configuration variable to `false`.

 Sending
 ~~~~~~~

 --envelope-sender=<address>::
 	Specify the envelope sender used to send the emails.
 	This is useful if your default address is not the address that is
 	subscribed to a list. In order to use the 'From' address, set the
 	value to "auto". If you use the sendmail binary, you must have
 	suitable privileges for the -f parameter.  Default is the value of the
 	`sendemail.envelopeSender` configuration variable; if that is
 	unspecified, choosing the envelope sender is left to your MTA.

 --smtp-encryption=<encryption>::
 	Specify the encryption to use, either 'ssl' or 'tls'.  Any other
 	value reverts to plain SMTP.  Default is the value of
 	`sendemail.smtpEncryption`.

 --smtp-domain=<FQDN>::
 	Specifies the Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) used in the
 	HELO/EHLO command to the SMTP server.  Some servers require the
 	FQDN to match your IP address.  If not set, git send-email attempts
 	to determine your FQDN automatically.  Default is the value of
 	`sendemail.smtpDomain`.

 --smtp-auth=<mechanisms>::
 	Whitespace-separated list of allowed SMTP-AUTH mechanisms. This setting
 	forces using only the listed mechanisms. Example:
 +
 ------
 $ git send-email --smtp-auth="PLAIN LOGIN GSSAPI" ...
 ------
 +
 If at least one of the specified mechanisms matches the ones advertised by the
 SMTP server and if it is supported by the utilized SASL library, the mechanism
 is used for authentication. If neither 'sendemail.smtpAuth' nor `--smtp-auth`
 is specified, all mechanisms supported by the SASL library can be used.

 --smtp-pass[=<password>]::
 	Password for SMTP-AUTH. The argument is optional: If no
 	argument is specified, then the empty string is used as
 	the password. Default is the value of `sendemail.smtpPass`,
 	however `--smtp-pass` always overrides this value.
 +
 Furthermore, passwords need not be specified in configuration files
 or on the command line. If a username has been specified (with
 `--smtp-user` or a `sendemail.smtpUser`), but no password has been
 specified (with `--smtp-pass` or `sendemail.smtpPass`), then
 a password is obtained using 'git-credential'.

 --smtp-server=<host>::
 	If set, specifies the outgoing SMTP server to use (e.g.
 	`smtp.example.com` or a raw IP address).  Alternatively it can
 	specify a full pathname of a sendmail-like program instead;
 	the program must support the `-i` option.  Default value can
 	be specified by the `sendemail.smtpServer` configuration
 	option; the built-in default is to search for `sendmail` in
 	`/usr/sbin`, `/usr/lib` and $PATH if such program is
 	available, falling back to `localhost` otherwise.

 --smtp-server-port=<port>::
 	Specifies a port different from the default port (SMTP
 	servers typically listen to smtp port 25, but may also listen to
 	submission port 587, or the common SSL smtp port 465);
 	symbolic port names (e.g. "submission" instead of 587)
 	are also accepted. The port can also be set with the
 	`sendemail.smtpServerPort` configuration variable.

 --smtp-server-option=<option>::
 	If set, specifies the outgoing SMTP server option to use.
 	Default value can be specified by the `sendemail.smtpServerOption`
 	configuration option.
 +
 The --smtp-server-option option must be repeated for each option you want
 to pass to the server. Likewise, different lines in the configuration files
 must be used for each option.

 --smtp-ssl::
 	Legacy alias for '--smtp-encryption ssl'.

 --smtp-ssl-cert-path::
 	Path to a store of trusted CA certificates for SMTP SSL/TLS
 	certificate validation (either a directory that has been processed
 	by 'c_rehash', or a single file containing one or more PEM format
 	certificates concatenated together: see verify(1) -CAfile and
 	-CApath for more information on these). Set it to an empty string
 	to disable certificate verification. Defaults to the value of the
 	`sendemail.smtpsslcertpath` configuration variable, if set, or the
 	backing SSL library's compiled-in default otherwise (which should
 	be the best choice on most platforms).

 --smtp-user=<user>::
 	Username for SMTP-AUTH. Default is the value of `sendemail.smtpUser`;
 	if a username is not specified (with `--smtp-user` or `sendemail.smtpUser`),
 	then authentication is not attempted.

 --smtp-debug=0|1::
 	Enable (1) or disable (0) debug output. If enabled, SMTP
 	commands and replies will be printed. Useful to debug TLS
 	connection and authentication problems.

 --batch-size=<num>::
 	Some email servers (e.g. smtp.163.com) limit the number emails to be
 	sent per session (connection) and this will lead to a failure when
 	sending many messages.  With this option, send-email will disconnect after
 	sending $<num> messages and wait for a few seconds (see --relogin-delay)
 	and reconnect, to work around such a limit.  You may want to
 	use some form of credential helper to avoid having to retype
 	your password every time this happens.  Defaults to the
 	`sendemail.smtpBatchSize` configuration variable.

 --relogin-delay=<int>::
 	Waiting $<int> seconds before reconnecting to SMTP server. Used together
 	with --batch-size option.  Defaults to the `sendemail.smtpReloginDelay`
 	configuration variable.

 Automating
 ~~~~~~~~~~

 --to-cmd=<command>::
 	Specify a command to execute once per patch file which
 	should generate patch file specific "To:" entries.
 	Output of this command must be single email address per line.
 	Default is the value of 'sendemail.tocmd' configuration value.

 --cc-cmd=<command>::
 	Specify a command to execute once per patch file which
 	should generate patch file specific "Cc:" entries.
 	Output of this command must be single email address per line.
 	Default is the value of `sendemail.ccCmd` configuration value.

 --[no-]chain-reply-to::
 	If this is set, each email will be sent as a reply to the previous
 	email sent.  If disabled with "--no-chain-reply-to", all emails after
 	the first will be sent as replies to the first email sent.  When using
 	this, it is recommended that the first file given be an overview of the
 	entire patch series. Disabled by default, but the `sendemail.chainReplyTo`
 	configuration variable can be used to enable it.

 --identity=<identity>::
 	A configuration identity. When given, causes values in the
 	'sendemail.<identity>' subsection to take precedence over
 	values in the 'sendemail' section. The default identity is
 	the value of `sendemail.identity`.

 --[no-]signed-off-by-cc::
 	If this is set, add emails found in Signed-off-by: or Cc: lines to the
 	cc list. Default is the value of `sendemail.signedoffbycc` configuration
 	value; if that is unspecified, default to --signed-off-by-cc.

 --[no-]cc-cover::
 	If this is set, emails found in Cc: headers in the first patch of
 	the series (typically the cover letter) are added to the cc list
 	for each email set. Default is the value of 'sendemail.cccover'
 	configuration value; if that is unspecified, default to --no-cc-cover.

 --[no-]to-cover::
 	If this is set, emails found in To: headers in the first patch of
 	the series (typically the cover letter) are added to the to list
 	for each email set. Default is the value of 'sendemail.tocover'
 	configuration value; if that is unspecified, default to --no-to-cover.

 --suppress-cc=<category>::
 	Specify an additional category of recipients to suppress the
 	auto-cc of:
 +
 --
 - 'author' will avoid including the patch author
 - 'self' will avoid including the sender
 - 'cc' will avoid including anyone mentioned in Cc lines in the patch header
   except for self (use 'self' for that).
 - 'bodycc' will avoid including anyone mentioned in Cc lines in the
   patch body (commit message) except for self (use 'self' for that).
 - 'sob' will avoid including anyone mentioned in Signed-off-by lines except
    for self (use 'self' for that).
 - 'cccmd' will avoid running the --cc-cmd.
 - 'body' is equivalent to 'sob' + 'bodycc'
 - 'all' will suppress all auto cc values.
 --
 +
 Default is the value of `sendemail.suppresscc` configuration value; if
 that is unspecified, default to 'self' if --suppress-from is
 specified, as well as 'body' if --no-signed-off-cc is specified.

 --[no-]suppress-from::
 	If this is set, do not add the From: address to the cc: list.
 	Default is the value of `sendemail.suppressFrom` configuration
 	value; if that is unspecified, default to --no-suppress-from.

 --[no-]thread::
 	If this is set, the In-Reply-To and References headers will be
 	added to each email sent.  Whether each mail refers to the
 	previous email (`deep` threading per 'git format-patch'
 	wording) or to the first email (`shallow` threading) is
 	governed by "--[no-]chain-reply-to".
 +
 If disabled with "--no-thread", those headers will not be added
 (unless specified with --in-reply-to).  Default is the value of the
 `sendemail.thread` configuration value; if that is unspecified,
 default to --thread.
 +
 It is up to the user to ensure that no In-Reply-To header already
 exists when 'git send-email' is asked to add it (especially note that
 'git format-patch' can be configured to do the threading itself).
 Failure to do so may not produce the expected result in the
 recipient's MUA.


 Administering
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~

 --confirm=<mode>::
 	Confirm just before sending:
 +
 --
 - 'always' will always confirm before sending
 - 'never' will never confirm before sending
 - 'cc' will confirm before sending when send-email has automatically
   added addresses from the patch to the Cc list
 - 'compose' will confirm before sending the first message when using --compose.
 - 'auto' is equivalent to 'cc' + 'compose'
 --
 +
 Default is the value of `sendemail.confirm` configuration value; if that
 is unspecified, default to 'auto' unless any of the suppress options
 have been specified, in which case default to 'compose'.

 --dry-run::
 	Do everything except actually send the emails.

 --[no-]format-patch::
 	When an argument may be understood either as a reference or as a file name,
 	choose to understand it as a format-patch argument (`--format-patch`)
 	or as a file name (`--no-format-patch`). By default, when such a conflict
 	occurs, git send-email will fail.

 --quiet::
 	Make git-send-email less verbose.  One line per email should be
 	all that is output.

 --[no-]validate::
 	Perform sanity checks on patches.
 	Currently, validation means the following:
 +
 --
 		*	Invoke the sendemail-validate hook if present (see linkgit:githooks[5]).
 		*	Warn of patches that contain lines longer than
 			998 characters unless a suitable transfer encoding
 			('auto', 'base64', or 'quoted-printable') is used;
 			this is due to SMTP limits as described by
 			http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5322.txt.
 --
 +
 Default is the value of `sendemail.validate`; if this is not set,
 default to `--validate`.

 --force::
 	Send emails even if safety checks would prevent it.


 Information
 ~~~~~~~~~~~

 --dump-aliases::
 	Instead of the normal operation, dump the shorthand alias names from
 	the configured alias file(s), one per line in alphabetical order. Note,
 	this only includes the alias name and not its expanded email addresses.
 	See 'sendemail.aliasesfile' for more information about aliases.


 CONFIGURATION
 -------------

 sendemail.aliasesFile::
 	To avoid typing long email addresses, point this to one or more
 	email aliases files.  You must also supply `sendemail.aliasFileType`.

 sendemail.aliasFileType::
 	Format of the file(s) specified in sendemail.aliasesFile. Must be
 	one of 'mutt', 'mailrc', 'pine', 'elm', or 'gnus', or 'sendmail'.
 +
 What an alias file in each format looks like can be found in
 the documentation of the email program of the same name. The
 differences and limitations from the standard formats are
 described below:
 +
 --
 sendmail;;
 *	Quoted aliases and quoted addresses are not supported: lines that
 	contain a `"` symbol are ignored.
 *	Redirection to a file (`/path/name`) or pipe (`|command`) is not
 	supported.
 *	File inclusion (`:include: /path/name`) is not supported.
 *	Warnings are printed on the standard error output for any
 	explicitly unsupported constructs, and any other lines that are not
 	recognized by the parser.
 --

 sendemail.multiEdit::
 	If true (default), a single editor instance will be spawned to edit
 	files you have to edit (patches when `--annotate` is used, and the
 	summary when `--compose` is used). If false, files will be edited one
 	after the other, spawning a new editor each time.

 sendemail.confirm::
 	Sets the default for whether to confirm before sending. Must be
 	one of 'always', 'never', 'cc', 'compose', or 'auto'. See `--confirm`
 	in the previous section for the meaning of these values.

 EXAMPLES
 --------
 Use gmail as the smtp server
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 To use 'git send-email' to send your patches through the GMail SMTP server,
 edit ~/.gitconfig to specify your account settings:

 	[sendemail]
 		smtpEncryption = tls
 		smtpServer = smtp.gmail.com
 		smtpUser = yourname@gmail.com
 		smtpServerPort = 587

 If you have multifactor authentication setup on your gmail account, you will
 need to generate an app-specific password for use with 'git send-email'. Visit
 https://security.google.com/settings/security/apppasswords to create it.

 Once your commits are ready to be sent to the mailing list, run the
 following commands:

 	$ git format-patch --cover-letter -M origin/master -o outgoing/
 	$ edit outgoing/0000-*
 	$ git send-email outgoing/*

 The first time you run it, you will be prompted for your credentials.  Enter the
 app-specific or your regular password as appropriate.  If you have credential
 helper configured (see linkgit:git-credential[1]), the password will be saved in
 the credential store so you won't have to type it the next time.

 Note: the following perl modules are required
       Net::SMTP::SSL, MIME::Base64 and Authen::SASL

 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-format-patch[1], linkgit:git-imap-send[1], mbox(5)

 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
	git-send-email(1)
	=================

	NAME
	----
	git-send-email - Send a collection of patches as emails


	SYNOPSIS
	--------
	[verse]
	'git send-email' [<options>] <file\|directory\|rev-list options>...
	'git send-email' --dump-aliases


	DESCRIPTION
	-----------
	Takes the patches given on the command line and emails them out.
	Patches can be specified as files, directories (which will send all
	files in the directory), or directly as a revision list. In the
	last case, any format accepted by linkgit:git-format-patch[1] can
	be passed to git send-email.

	The header of the email is configurable via command-line options. If not
	specified on the command line, the user will be prompted with a ReadLine
	enabled interface to provide the necessary information.

	There are two formats accepted for patch files:

	1. mbox format files
	+
	This is what linkgit:git-format-patch[1] generates. Most headers and MIME
	formatting are ignored.

	2. The original format used by Greg Kroah-Hartman's 'send_lots_of_email.pl'
	script
	+
	This format expects the first line of the file to contain the "Cc:" value
	and the "Subject:" of the message as the second line.


	OPTIONS
	-------

	Composing
	~~~~~~~~~

	--annotate::
	Review and edit each patch you're about to send. Default is the value
	of `sendemail.annotate`. See the CONFIGURATION section for
	`sendemail.multiEdit`.

	--bcc=<address>,...::
	Specify a "Bcc:" value for each email. Default is the value of
	`sendemail.bcc`.
	+
	This option may be specified multiple times.

	--cc=<address>,...::
	Specify a starting "Cc:" value for each email.
	Default is the value of `sendemail.cc`.
	+
	This option may be specified multiple times.

	--compose::
	Invoke a text editor (see GIT_EDITOR in linkgit:git-var[1])
	to edit an introductory message for the patch series.
	+
	When `--compose` is used, git send-email will use the From, Subject, and
	In-Reply-To headers specified in the message. If the body of the message
	(what you type after the headers and a blank line) only contains blank
	(or Git: prefixed) lines, the summary won't be sent, but From, Subject,
	and In-Reply-To headers will be used unless they are removed.
	+
	Missing From or In-Reply-To headers will be prompted for.
	+
	See the CONFIGURATION section for `sendemail.multiEdit`.

	--from=<address>::
	Specify the sender of the emails. If not specified on the command line,
	the value of the `sendemail.from` configuration option is used. If
	neither the command-line option nor `sendemail.from` are set, then the
	user will be prompted for the value. The default for the prompt will be
	the value of GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT, or GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT if that is not
	set, as returned by "git var -l".

	--reply-to=<address>::
	Specify the address where replies from recipients should go to.
	Use this if replies to messages should go to another address than what
	is specified with the --from parameter.

	--in-reply-to=<identifier>::
	Make the first mail (or all the mails with `--no-thread`) appear as a
	reply to the given Message-Id, which avoids breaking threads to
	provide a new patch series.
	The second and subsequent emails will be sent as replies according to
	the `--[no-]chain-reply-to` setting.
	+
	So for example when `--thread` and `--no-chain-reply-to` are specified, the
	second and subsequent patches will be replies to the first one like in the
	illustration below where `[PATCH v2 0/3]` is in reply to `[PATCH 0/2]`:
	+
	[PATCH 0/2] Here is what I did...
	[PATCH 1/2] Clean up and tests
	[PATCH 2/2] Implementation
	[PATCH v2 0/3] Here is a reroll
	[PATCH v2 1/3] Clean up
	[PATCH v2 2/3] New tests
	[PATCH v2 3/3] Implementation
	+
	Only necessary if --compose is also set. If --compose
	is not set, this will be prompted for.

	--subject=<string>::
	Specify the initial subject of the email thread.
	Only necessary if --compose is also set. If --compose
	is not set, this will be prompted for.

	--to=<address>,...::
	Specify the primary recipient of the emails generated. Generally, this
	will be the upstream maintainer of the project involved. Default is the
	value of the `sendemail.to` configuration value; if that is unspecified,
	and --to-cmd is not specified, this will be prompted for.
	+
	This option may be specified multiple times.

	--8bit-encoding=<encoding>::
	When encountering a non-ASCII message or subject that does not
	declare its encoding, add headers/quoting to indicate it is
	encoded in <encoding>. Default is the value of the
	'sendemail.assume8bitEncoding'; if that is unspecified, this
	will be prompted for if any non-ASCII files are encountered.
	+
	Note that no attempts whatsoever are made to validate the encoding.

	--compose-encoding=<encoding>::
	Specify encoding of compose message. Default is the value of the
	'sendemail.composeencoding'; if that is unspecified, UTF-8 is assumed.

	--transfer-encoding=(7bit\|8bit\|quoted-printable\|base64\|auto)::
	Specify the transfer encoding to be used to send the message over SMTP.
	7bit will fail upon encountering a non-ASCII message. quoted-printable
	can be useful when the repository contains files that contain carriage
	returns, but makes the raw patch email file (as saved from a MUA) much
	harder to inspect manually. base64 is even more fool proof, but also
	even more opaque. auto will use 8bit when possible, and quoted-printable
	otherwise.
	+
	Default is the value of the `sendemail.transferEncoding` configuration
	value; if that is unspecified, default to `auto`.

	--xmailer::
	--no-xmailer::
	Add (or prevent adding) the "X-Mailer:" header. By default,
	the header is added, but it can be turned off by setting the
	`sendemail.xmailer` configuration variable to `false`.

	Sending
	~~~~~~~

	--envelope-sender=<address>::
	Specify the envelope sender used to send the emails.
	This is useful if your default address is not the address that is
	subscribed to a list. In order to use the 'From' address, set the
	value to "auto". If you use the sendmail binary, you must have
	suitable privileges for the -f parameter. Default is the value of the
	`sendemail.envelopeSender` configuration variable; if that is
	unspecified, choosing the envelope sender is left to your MTA.

	--smtp-encryption=<encryption>::
	Specify the encryption to use, either 'ssl' or 'tls'. Any other
	value reverts to plain SMTP. Default is the value of
	`sendemail.smtpEncryption`.

	--smtp-domain=<FQDN>::
	Specifies the Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) used in the
	HELO/EHLO command to the SMTP server. Some servers require the
	FQDN to match your IP address. If not set, git send-email attempts
	to determine your FQDN automatically. Default is the value of
	`sendemail.smtpDomain`.

	--smtp-auth=<mechanisms>::
	Whitespace-separated list of allowed SMTP-AUTH mechanisms. This setting
	forces using only the listed mechanisms. Example:
	+
	------
	$ git send-email --smtp-auth="PLAIN LOGIN GSSAPI" ...
	------
	+
	If at least one of the specified mechanisms matches the ones advertised by the
	SMTP server and if it is supported by the utilized SASL library, the mechanism
	is used for authentication. If neither 'sendemail.smtpAuth' nor `--smtp-auth`
	is specified, all mechanisms supported by the SASL library can be used.

	--smtp-pass[=<password>]::
	Password for SMTP-AUTH. The argument is optional: If no
	argument is specified, then the empty string is used as
	the password. Default is the value of `sendemail.smtpPass`,
	however `--smtp-pass` always overrides this value.
	+
	Furthermore, passwords need not be specified in configuration files
	or on the command line. If a username has been specified (with
	`--smtp-user` or a `sendemail.smtpUser`), but no password has been
	specified (with `--smtp-pass` or `sendemail.smtpPass`), then
	a password is obtained using 'git-credential'.

	--smtp-server=<host>::
	If set, specifies the outgoing SMTP server to use (e.g.
	`smtp.example.com` or a raw IP address). Alternatively it can
	specify a full pathname of a sendmail-like program instead;
	the program must support the `-i` option. Default value can
	be specified by the `sendemail.smtpServer` configuration
	option; the built-in default is to search for `sendmail` in
	`/usr/sbin`, `/usr/lib` and $PATH if such program is
	available, falling back to `localhost` otherwise.

	--smtp-server-port=<port>::
	Specifies a port different from the default port (SMTP
	servers typically listen to smtp port 25, but may also listen to
	submission port 587, or the common SSL smtp port 465);
	symbolic port names (e.g. "submission" instead of 587)
	are also accepted. The port can also be set with the
	`sendemail.smtpServerPort` configuration variable.

	--smtp-server-option=<option>::
	If set, specifies the outgoing SMTP server option to use.
	Default value can be specified by the `sendemail.smtpServerOption`
	configuration option.
	+
	The --smtp-server-option option must be repeated for each option you want
	to pass to the server. Likewise, different lines in the configuration files
	must be used for each option.

	--smtp-ssl::
	Legacy alias for '--smtp-encryption ssl'.

	--smtp-ssl-cert-path::
	Path to a store of trusted CA certificates for SMTP SSL/TLS
	certificate validation (either a directory that has been processed
	by 'c_rehash', or a single file containing one or more PEM format
	certificates concatenated together: see verify(1) -CAfile and
	-CApath for more information on these). Set it to an empty string
	to disable certificate verification. Defaults to the value of the
	`sendemail.smtpsslcertpath` configuration variable, if set, or the
	backing SSL library's compiled-in default otherwise (which should
	be the best choice on most platforms).

	--smtp-user=<user>::
	Username for SMTP-AUTH. Default is the value of `sendemail.smtpUser`;
	if a username is not specified (with `--smtp-user` or `sendemail.smtpUser`),
	then authentication is not attempted.

	--smtp-debug=0\|1::
	Enable (1) or disable (0) debug output. If enabled, SMTP
	commands and replies will be printed. Useful to debug TLS
	connection and authentication problems.

	--batch-size=<num>::
	Some email servers (e.g. smtp.163.com) limit the number emails to be
	sent per session (connection) and this will lead to a failure when
	sending many messages. With this option, send-email will disconnect after
	sending $<num> messages and wait for a few seconds (see --relogin-delay)
	and reconnect, to work around such a limit. You may want to
	use some form of credential helper to avoid having to retype
	your password every time this happens. Defaults to the
	`sendemail.smtpBatchSize` configuration variable.

	--relogin-delay=<int>::
	Waiting $<int> seconds before reconnecting to SMTP server. Used together
	with --batch-size option. Defaults to the `sendemail.smtpReloginDelay`
	configuration variable.

	Automating
	~~~~~~~~~~

	--to-cmd=<command>::
	Specify a command to execute once per patch file which
	should generate patch file specific "To:" entries.
	Output of this command must be single email address per line.
	Default is the value of 'sendemail.tocmd' configuration value.

	--cc-cmd=<command>::
	Specify a command to execute once per patch file which
	should generate patch file specific "Cc:" entries.
	Output of this command must be single email address per line.
	Default is the value of `sendemail.ccCmd` configuration value.

	--[no-]chain-reply-to::
	If this is set, each email will be sent as a reply to the previous
	email sent. If disabled with "--no-chain-reply-to", all emails after
	the first will be sent as replies to the first email sent. When using
	this, it is recommended that the first file given be an overview of the
	entire patch series. Disabled by default, but the `sendemail.chainReplyTo`
	configuration variable can be used to enable it.

	--identity=<identity>::
	A configuration identity. When given, causes values in the
	'sendemail.<identity>' subsection to take precedence over
	values in the 'sendemail' section. The default identity is
	the value of `sendemail.identity`.

	--[no-]signed-off-by-cc::
	If this is set, add emails found in Signed-off-by: or Cc: lines to the
	cc list. Default is the value of `sendemail.signedoffbycc` configuration
	value; if that is unspecified, default to --signed-off-by-cc.

	--[no-]cc-cover::
	If this is set, emails found in Cc: headers in the first patch of
	the series (typically the cover letter) are added to the cc list
	for each email set. Default is the value of 'sendemail.cccover'
	configuration value; if that is unspecified, default to --no-cc-cover.

	--[no-]to-cover::
	If this is set, emails found in To: headers in the first patch of
	the series (typically the cover letter) are added to the to list
	for each email set. Default is the value of 'sendemail.tocover'
	configuration value; if that is unspecified, default to --no-to-cover.

	--suppress-cc=<category>::
	Specify an additional category of recipients to suppress the
	auto-cc of:
	+
	--
	- 'author' will avoid including the patch author
	- 'self' will avoid including the sender
	- 'cc' will avoid including anyone mentioned in Cc lines in the patch header
	except for self (use 'self' for that).
	- 'bodycc' will avoid including anyone mentioned in Cc lines in the
	patch body (commit message) except for self (use 'self' for that).
	- 'sob' will avoid including anyone mentioned in Signed-off-by lines except
	for self (use 'self' for that).
	- 'cccmd' will avoid running the --cc-cmd.
	- 'body' is equivalent to 'sob' + 'bodycc'
	- 'all' will suppress all auto cc values.
	--
	+
	Default is the value of `sendemail.suppresscc` configuration value; if
	that is unspecified, default to 'self' if --suppress-from is
	specified, as well as 'body' if --no-signed-off-cc is specified.

	--[no-]suppress-from::
	If this is set, do not add the From: address to the cc: list.
	Default is the value of `sendemail.suppressFrom` configuration
	value; if that is unspecified, default to --no-suppress-from.

	--[no-]thread::
	If this is set, the In-Reply-To and References headers will be
	added to each email sent. Whether each mail refers to the
	previous email (`deep` threading per 'git format-patch'
	wording) or to the first email (`shallow` threading) is
	governed by "--[no-]chain-reply-to".
	+
	If disabled with "--no-thread", those headers will not be added
	(unless specified with --in-reply-to). Default is the value of the
	`sendemail.thread` configuration value; if that is unspecified,
	default to --thread.
	+
	It is up to the user to ensure that no In-Reply-To header already
	exists when 'git send-email' is asked to add it (especially note that
	'git format-patch' can be configured to do the threading itself).
	Failure to do so may not produce the expected result in the
	recipient's MUA.


	Administering
	~~~~~~~~~~~~~

	--confirm=<mode>::
	Confirm just before sending:
	+
	--
	- 'always' will always confirm before sending
	- 'never' will never confirm before sending
	- 'cc' will confirm before sending when send-email has automatically
	added addresses from the patch to the Cc list
	- 'compose' will confirm before sending the first message when using --compose.
	- 'auto' is equivalent to 'cc' + 'compose'
	--
	+
	Default is the value of `sendemail.confirm` configuration value; if that
	is unspecified, default to 'auto' unless any of the suppress options
	have been specified, in which case default to 'compose'.

	--dry-run::
	Do everything except actually send the emails.

	--[no-]format-patch::
	When an argument may be understood either as a reference or as a file name,
	choose to understand it as a format-patch argument (`--format-patch`)
	or as a file name (`--no-format-patch`). By default, when such a conflict
	occurs, git send-email will fail.

	--quiet::
	Make git-send-email less verbose. One line per email should be
	all that is output.

	--[no-]validate::
	Perform sanity checks on patches.
	Currently, validation means the following:
	+
	--
	* Invoke the sendemail-validate hook if present (see linkgit:githooks[5]).
	* Warn of patches that contain lines longer than
	998 characters unless a suitable transfer encoding
	('auto', 'base64', or 'quoted-printable') is used;
	this is due to SMTP limits as described by
	http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5322.txt.
	--
	+
	Default is the value of `sendemail.validate`; if this is not set,
	default to `--validate`.

	--force::
	Send emails even if safety checks would prevent it.


	Information
	~~~~~~~~~~~

	--dump-aliases::
	Instead of the normal operation, dump the shorthand alias names from
	the configured alias file(s), one per line in alphabetical order. Note,
	this only includes the alias name and not its expanded email addresses.
	See 'sendemail.aliasesfile' for more information about aliases.


	CONFIGURATION
	-------------

	sendemail.aliasesFile::
	To avoid typing long email addresses, point this to one or more
	email aliases files. You must also supply `sendemail.aliasFileType`.

	sendemail.aliasFileType::
	Format of the file(s) specified in sendemail.aliasesFile. Must be
	one of 'mutt', 'mailrc', 'pine', 'elm', or 'gnus', or 'sendmail'.
	+
	What an alias file in each format looks like can be found in
	the documentation of the email program of the same name. The
	differences and limitations from the standard formats are
	described below:
	+
	--
	sendmail;;
	* Quoted aliases and quoted addresses are not supported: lines that
	contain a `"` symbol are ignored.
	* Redirection to a file (`/path/name`) or pipe (`\|command`) is not
	supported.
	* File inclusion (`:include: /path/name`) is not supported.
	* Warnings are printed on the standard error output for any
	explicitly unsupported constructs, and any other lines that are not
	recognized by the parser.
	--

	sendemail.multiEdit::
	If true (default), a single editor instance will be spawned to edit
	files you have to edit (patches when `--annotate` is used, and the
	summary when `--compose` is used). If false, files will be edited one
	after the other, spawning a new editor each time.

	sendemail.confirm::
	Sets the default for whether to confirm before sending. Must be
	one of 'always', 'never', 'cc', 'compose', or 'auto'. See `--confirm`
	in the previous section for the meaning of these values.

	EXAMPLES
	--------
	Use gmail as the smtp server
	~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
	To use 'git send-email' to send your patches through the GMail SMTP server,
	edit ~/.gitconfig to specify your account settings:

	[sendemail]
	smtpEncryption = tls
	smtpServer = smtp.gmail.com
	smtpUser = yourname@gmail.com
	smtpServerPort = 587

	If you have multifactor authentication setup on your gmail account, you will
	need to generate an app-specific password for use with 'git send-email'. Visit
	https://security.google.com/settings/security/apppasswords to create it.

	Once your commits are ready to be sent to the mailing list, run the
	following commands:

	$ git format-patch --cover-letter -M origin/master -o outgoing/
	$ edit outgoing/0000-*
	$ git send-email outgoing/*

	The first time you run it, you will be prompted for your credentials. Enter the
	app-specific or your regular password as appropriate. If you have credential
	helper configured (see linkgit:git-credential[1]), the password will be saved in
	the credential store so you won't have to type it the next time.

	Note: the following perl modules are required
	Net::SMTP::SSL, MIME::Base64 and Authen::SASL

	SEE ALSO
	--------
	linkgit:git-format-patch[1], linkgit:git-imap-send[1], mbox(5)

	GIT
	---
	Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite